动词分类及变形
小学英语语法 动词变形
小学动词变形1.动词原形（用于一般现在时，将来时）Like, make, see, go, have, be, do, love, eat, take, walk, touch, sing, dance, work, get, pass, watch, fix, wash, study, fly, cry, play, stay, talk, hope, marry, carry, stop, plan, drop, put, let, read, listen, cut, sit, say, buy, run, make, tell, write, draw, ride, fall, give, come, become, keep, sleep, hear, drink, begin2.动词的第三人称单数形式（用于一般现在时，且主语是第三人称单数时）①一般情况在词尾直接+sWork---works, get---gets, like---likes②以s, x, sh, ch, o结尾的词+esgo---goes, do---does, pass---passes, watch---watches, fix---fixes, wash---washes③以辅音字母+y结尾的词，变y为i再+esStudy---studies, fly---flies, cry---cries注意：元音字母+y结尾的词，直接+sPlay---plays，stay---stays3.动词的过去式（用于一般过去式）①一般情况在词尾直接+edTalk---talked, open---opened, want---wanted②以不发音的字母e结尾的词，在词尾+dLike---liked, love---loved, hope---hoped, dance---danced③以辅音字母+y结尾的词，变y为i再+edStudy---studied, marry---married, carry---carried, cry---cried④重读闭音节结尾的词，双写辅音字母再+edStop---stopped, plan---planned, drop---dropped⑤不规则变化Put---put, let---let, read---read, cut---cutBe(is, am)---was, be(are)---were, have---had, go---went, do---did, say---said, buy---bought, meet---met, find---found, tell---told, make---made, get---got, sit---sat, run---ran, eat---ate, write---wrote, take---took, ride---rode, see---saw, fall---fell, fly---flew, give---gave, draw---drew, come---came, become---became, keep---kept, sleep---slept, hear---heard, sing---sang, drink---drank, begin---began4.动词的现在分词（动词.ing）（用于现在进行时，固定搭配）①一般情况在词尾直接+ingTalk---talking, open---opening, sing---singing, sleep---sleeping②以不发音的字母e结尾的词，去e再+ingLike---liking, love---loving, have---having, write---writing, live---living, take---taking③重读闭音节结尾的词，双写辅音字母再+ingPut---putting, plan---planning, stop---stopping, run---running, swim---swimming, begin---beginning, get---getting。
动词知识点汇总
动词知识点汇总一、动词的定义与分类。
1. 定义。
- 动词是表示动作、行为、心理活动或存在变化等的词。
例如“跑”表示一种动作，“爱”表示一种心理活动，“是”表示一种存在关系。
2. 分类。
- 按意义分类。
- 行为动词（实义动词）：这类动词表示具体的动作行为。
如“看（kàn）”“写（xiě）”“吃（chī）”等。
它又可以分为及物动词和不及物动词。
- 及物动词：后面必须跟宾语才能使句子意思完整。
例如“我看书（wǒkàn sh ū）”，“看”这个动作作用于“书”这个对象。
- 不及物动词：本身意义完整，后面不需要接宾语。
如“他跑（tā pǎo）”，“跑”这个动作不需要涉及其他对象就能表达完整的意思。
- 系动词：主要用来连接主语和表语，表示主语的特征、状态等。
常见的系动词有“是（shì）”“像（xiàng）”“变得（biàn de）”等。
例如“他是学生（tāshì xué shēng）”，“是”连接了主语“他”和表语“学生”。
- 助动词：用来协助主要动词构成谓语，表示时态、语态、语气等语法意义。
在英语中，像“do/does/did”“will/shall”“have/has/had”等是助动词；在汉语中，像“能（néng）”“会（huì）”“要（yào）”等词有类似助动词的作用。
例如“我能唱歌（wǒnéng chàng gē）”，“能”协助“唱歌”表示能力。
- 情态动词：表示说话人的情感、态度或语气。
英语中的“can”“could”“may”“might”“must”等，汉语中的“应该（yīng gāi）”“必须（bì xū）”等属于情态动词。
例如“你应该努力学习（nǐ yīng gāi nǔlì xuéxí）”，“应该”表达一种劝告的语气。
- 按其在句中的功能分类。
常用动词及其变形
常用动词及其变形动词是句子中最常用的词性之一，用来表示主语的动作、状态或者是受动的行为。
在英语中，有很多常用的动词，它们的变形形式也各不相同。
下面是一些常用动词及其变形的整理。
1. Be（是，存在）- Present tense: am, is, are- Past tense: was, were- Future tense: will be- Present continuous: am/is/are being- Past continuous: was/were being2. Have（有，拥有）- Present tense: have, has- Past tense: had- Future tense: will have- Present continuous: am/is/are having- Past continuous: was/were having3. Do（做）- Present tense: do, does- Past tense: did- Future tense: will do- Present continuous: am/is/are doing - Past continuous: was/were doing4. Say（说）- Present tense: say, says- Past tense: said- Future tense: will say- Present continuous: am/is/are saying - Past continuous: was/were saying 5. Make（制作，做）- Present tense: make, makes- Past tense: made- Future tense: will make- Present continuous: am/is/are making - Past continuous: was/were making 6. Go（去）- Present tense: go, goes- Past tense: went- Future tense: will go- Past continuous: was/were going 7. Take（拿，取）- Present tense: take, takes- Past tense: took- Future tense: will take- Present continuous: am/is/are taking - Past continuous: was/were taking 8. Get（得到，获得）- Present tense: get, gets- Past tense: got- Future tense: will get- Present continuous: am/is/are getting - Past continuous: was/were getting 9. Give（给予，给出）- Present tense: give, gives- Past tense: gave- Future tense: will give- Present continuous: am/is/are giving10. See（看见）- Present tense: see, sees- Past tense: saw- Future tense: will see- Present continuous: am/is/are seeing - Past continuous: was/were seeing 11. Know（知道）- Present tense: know, knows- Past tense: knew- Future tense: will know- Present continuous: am/is/are knowing - Past continuous: was/were knowing 12. Think（思考）- Present tense: think, thinks- Past tense: thought- Future tense: will think- Present continuous: am/is/are thinking - Past continuous: was/were thinking13. Want（想要）- Present tense: want, wants- Past tense: wanted- Future tense: will want- Present continuous: am/is/are wanting - Past continuous: was/were wanting 14. Work（工作）- Present tense: work, works- Past tense: worked- Future tense: will work- Present continuous: am/is/are working - Past continuous: was/were working 15. Use（使用）- Present tense: use, uses- Past tense: used- Future tense: will use- Present continuous: am/is/are using - Past continuous: was/were using 16. Find（找到）- Present tense: find, finds- Past tense: found- Future tense: will find- Present continuous: am/is/are finding - Past continuous: was/were finding 17. Tell（告诉）- Present tense: tell, tells- Past tense: told- Future tense: will tell- Present continuous: am/is/are telling - Past continuous: was/were telling 18. Ask（问）- Present tense: ask, asks- Past tense: asked- Future tense: will ask- Present continuous: am/is/are asking - Past continuous: was/were asking 19. Become（成为）- Present tense: become, becomes- Past tense: became- Future tense: will become- Present continuous: am/is/are becoming- Past continuous: was/were becoming20. Show（展示）- Present tense: show, shows- Past tense: showed- Future tense: will show- Present continuous: am/is/are showing- Past continuous: was/were showing这些动词是英语中非常常见的动词，掌握了它们的变形形式，可以帮助我们更好地理解和使用英语。
动词的四种变化形式
动词的四种变化形式动词的四种变化形式通常指动词的原形、第三人称单数形式、过去式和过去分词。
1. play - plays - played - played 解释：I play football. （原形）He plays football every day. （第三人称单数）We played football yesterday. （过去式）The game has been played many times. （过去分词）2. work - works - worked - worked 解释：They work hard. （原形）She works in a factory. （第三人称单数）I worked late last night. （过去式）The problem has been worked out. （过去分词）3. study - studies - studied - studied 解释：You study English. （原形）He studies very well. （第三人称单数）They studied for the exam. （过去式）The subject has been studied deeply. （过去分词）4. go - goes - went - gone 解释：Let's go. （原形）She goes to school by bus. （第三人称单数）We went to the park last week. （过去式）The book has gone missing. （过去分词）5. do - does - did - done 解释：I do my homework. （原形）He does exercise every morning. （第三人称单数）They did a lot of things yesterday. （过去式）The job has been done. （过去分词）6. have - has - had - had 解释：We have lunch at noon. （原形）She hasa new dress. （第三人称单数）I had a great time last weekend. （过去式）The project has had many difficulties. （过去分词）7. see - sees - saw - seen 解释：I see a bird. （原形）He sees the sign. （第三人称单数）They saw a movie last night. （过去式）The film has been seen by many people. （过去分词）8. come - comes - came - come 解释：Come here. （原形）She comes from China. （第三人称单数）He came to my house yesterday. （过去式）The guests have come. （过去分词）9. eat - eats - ate - eaten 解释：They eat apples. （原形）She eats an egg for breakfast. （第三人称单数）We ate pizza last night. （过去式）The food has been eaten. （过去分词）10. drink - drinks - drank - drunk 解释：I drink water. （原形）He drinks coffee. （第三人称单数）They drank juice at the party. （过去式）The wine has been drunk. （过去分词）11. write - writes - wrote - written 解释：She writes a letter. （原形）He writes stories. （第三人称单数）I wrote a composition yesterday. （过去式）The book has been written. （过去分词）12. run - runs - ran - run 解释：I run fast. （原形）He runs every morning. （第三人称单数）They ran in the race. （过去式）The machine has been run for hours. （过去分词）13. swim - swims - swam - swum 解释：You swim well. （原形）She swims in the pool. （第三人称单数）We swam in the river last summer. （过去式）The pool has been swum in. （过去分词）14. fly - flies - flew - flown 解释：The bird flies high. （原形）He flies a kite.（第三人称单数）They flew to Beijing last month. （过去式）The plane has flown for a long time. （过去分词）15. speak - speaks - spoke - spoken 解释：I speak English. （原形）She speaks French. （第三人称单数）We spoke on the phone last night. （过去式）The language has been spoken. （过去分词）16. tell - tells - told - told 解释：He tells a story. （原形）She tells the truth. （第三人称单数）I told him the news. （过去式）The secret has been told. （过去分词）17. think - thinks - thought - thought 解释：I think you are right. （原形）He thinks carefully. （第三人称单数）They thought about it. （过去式）The problem has been thought over. （过去分词）18. get - gets - got - got 解释：I get up early. （原形）She gets a present. （第三人称单数）We got there at six. （过去式）The work has got done. （过去分词）19. give - gives - gave - given 解释：He gives me a book. （原形）She givesa speech. （第三人称单数）I gave him some money. （过去式）The gift has been given. （过去分词）20. take - takes - took - taken 解释：You take a photo. （原形）He takes a bus to work. （第三人称单数）We took a trip last year. （过去式）The medicine has been taken. （过去分词）21. know - knows - knew - known 解释：I know him. （原形）She knows the answer. （第三人称单数）They knew each other before. （过去式）Thefact has been known. （过去分词）22. keep - keeps - kept - kept 解释：We keep quiet. （原形）He keeps a diary. （第三人称单数）I kept waiting for him. （过去式）The secret has been kept. （过去分词）23. leave - leaves - left - left 解释：She leaves home at seven. （原形）He leaves for work. （第三人称单数）We left the party early. （过去式）The bag has been left. （过去分词）24. lose - loses - lost - lost 解释：I lose my key. （原形）He loses his temper. （第三人称单数）They lost the game. （过去式）The book has been lost. （过去分词）25. find - finds - found - found 解释：I find my pen. （原形）She finds a job. （第三人称单数）We found the way. （过去式）The lost dog has been found. （过去分词）26. make - makes - made - made 解释：He makes a cake. （原形）She makes friends. （第三人称单数）I made a mistake. （过去式）The chair has been made. （过去分词）27. read - reads - read - read 解释：I read a book. （原形）He reads the newspaper. （第三人称单数）We read aloud yesterday. （过去式）The story has been read. （过去分词）28. sell - sells - sold - sold 解释：She sells flowers. （原形）He sells cars. （第三人称单数）They sold the house. （过去式）The goods have been sold. （过去分词）29. buy - buys - bought - bought 解释：I buy a pen. （原形）She buys some fruit. （第三人称单数）We bought a new TV. （过去式）The present has been bought. （过去分词）30. bring - brings - brought - brought 解释：He brings a book. （原形）She brings some flowers. （第三人称单数）I brought my camera. （过去式）The food has been brought. （过去分词）31. teach - teaches - taught - taught 解释：She teaches English. （原形）He teaches math. （第三人称单数）They taught us last year. （过去式）The lesson has been taught. （过去分词）32. catch - catches - caught - caught 解释：I catch a fish. （原形）He catches the ball. （第三人称单数）We caught the thief. （过去式）The disease has been caught. （过去分词）。
日语动词变形+动词分类
日语动词变形基本形——ます形一类动词：“基本形”最后的发音为“う”段，“ます形”去掉“ます”后的发音为“い”段。
二类动词：“基本形”为“ます形”去掉“ます”后加“る”。
三类动词：“基本形”分别为“来る”和“する”，“ます形”去掉“ます”后则为“来”和“し”。
ない形变化：一类动词：把“ます形”去掉“ます”后的最后一个音变成相应的“あ段”音，后加“ない”。
如果最后音为“い”时，把“い”变成“わ”后加“ない”。
（注意：此时不能将“い”变为“あ”。
）二类动词：把“ます形”的“ます”去掉后加“ない”。
三类动词：把“来ます”变成“来ない”，把“します”变成“しない”。
て形变化：一类动词：把“ます形”去掉“ます”后加“て”，加“て”的时候发音会有一些变化。
即“き”→“いて”，“ぎ”→“いで”，“び、み、に”→“んで”，“ち、り、い”→“って”，“し”→“して”。
二类动词：把“ます形”的“ます”去掉后直接加“て”。
三类动词：把“ます形”的“ます”去掉后直接加“て”。
た形变化：把“て形”的“て”换成“た”，把“で”换成“だ”。
ば形变化：一类动词：把基本形的最后一个音变成相应的“え”段上的音，再加“ば”。
二类动词：把基本形的“る”变成“れば”。
三类动词：把“来る”变成“来れば”，把“する”变成“すれば”。
命令形：一类动词：把基本形的最后一个音变成相应的“え”段上的音。
二类动词：把基本形的“る”变成“ろ”。
三类动词：把“来る”变成“来い”，把“する”变成“しろ”。
意志形：一类动词：把基本形的最后一个音变成相应的“お”段上的音的长音。
二类动词：把基本形的“る”变成“よう”。
三类动词：把“来る”变成“来よう”，把“する”变成“しよう”。
可能形：一类动词：把基本形的最后一个音变成相应的“え”段上的音，再加“る”。
二类动词：把基本形的“る”变成“られる”。
三类动词：把“来る”变成“来られる”，把“する”变成“できる”。
被动形：一类动词：把“ない形”的“ない”变成“れる”。
动词变形规律总结
动词变形规律总结动词是语言中最活跃的词类之一，它们的形式会根据时态、语态、人称和数等因素发生变化。
掌握动词的变形规律对于正确使用语言至关重要。
下面我们就来详细总结一下常见的动词变形规律。
一、时态变形1、一般现在时当主语是第三人称单数（he、she、it 或单数名词）时，动词要在词尾加“s”或“es”。
例如：He likes music （like 变为 likes）当主语不是第三人称单数时，动词用原形。
例如：I play football （play 为原形）2、一般过去时动词一般在词尾加“ed”。
例如：worked、played。
但也有很多不规则动词，它们的过去式需要特殊记忆。
比如：go went、come came、eat ate 等。
3、现在进行时由“be 动词（am/is/are）＋动词的现在分词”构成。
动词的现在分词一般在词尾加“ing”。
但要注意以下几种情况：以不发音的“e”结尾的动词，去掉“e”再加“ing”。
例如：write writing、make making。
重读闭音节结尾的动词，双写末尾的辅音字母再加“ing”。
例如：run running、swim swimming。
4、过去进行时由“was/were ＋动词的现在分词”构成。
5、现在完成时由“have/has ＋动词的过去分词”构成。
6、过去完成时由“had ＋动词的过去分词”构成。
7、一般将来时“will ＋动词原形”或“be going to ＋动词原形”。
二、语态变形1、主动语态主语是动作的执行者。
2、被动语态由“be ＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。
不同时态的被动语态形式通过“be”动词的变化来体现。
例如：一般现在时的被动语态是“am/is/are＋过去分词”；一般过去时的被动语态是“was/were ＋过去分词”。
三、人称和数的变化1、当主语是第一人称（I、we）时，动词用原形。
2、当主语是第二人称（you）时，动词用原形。
日语动词几种变形汇总
日语动词变化形式、态式及接续形式小结（初级）（一）动词分类1、根据变化形式分为五段动词、一段动词、カ变动词、サ变动词。
五段动词：以除る外う段假名结尾的动词（即非る动词）及以る结尾且倒数第二个假名是あ、う、お段假名的动词，是五段动词。
一段动词：以る结尾，倒数第二个假名是い、え段假名的动词，是一段动词。
カ变动词：来る。
サ变动词：する或“汉字”+する。
PS：通常在《标准日本语》中将五段动词写作1类动词、一段动词写作2类动词、カ变动词和サ变动词写作3类动词。
在动词中有特例存在，应该特殊记忆。
如：“帰る”按分类应该是一段动词，但实际上它是一个五段动词！2、根据和名词关系分为他动词和自动词。
他动词即及物动词，自动词即不及物动词。
他动词和宾语之间用助词を。
（二）动词变化形式。
动词变化形式共6种——连用形、未然形、意志形、假定形、基本形和命令形。
变化时，都是变结尾最后一个假名，以下是用省略说法。
カ变动词在变化时发生音变。
1、连用形（ます形）五段：う段→い段行く→行き一段：去掉る寝る→寝カ变：来る→来（音“き”）サ变：する→し勉强する→勉强し2、未然形（ない形）五段：う段→あ段＋ない行く→行かない以う结尾，う→わ＋ない言う→言わない一段：去掉る＋ない寝る→寝ないカ变：来る→来ない（音“こない”）サ变：する→しない勉强する→勉强しない特殊的，ある→ない3、意志形（（よ）う形）五段：う段→お段＋う行く→行こう一段：去掉る＋よう寝る→寝ようカ变：来る→来よう（音“こよう”）サ变：する→しよう勉强する→勉强しよう4、假定形（ば形）五段：う段→え段＋ば行く→行けば一段：去掉る＋れば寝る→寝ればカ变：来る→来れば（音“くれば”）サ变：する→すれば勉强する→勉强すれば5、基本性基本形就是动词的原形，也就是书上单词表给出的动词。
6、命令形五段：う段→え段行く→行け一段：る→ろ寝る→寝ろカ变：来る→来い（音“こい”）サ变：する→せよ或しろ勉强する→勉强しろ（三）动词接续形式——て、た、たり、たら形。
英语动词分类表
fail + in succeed +in doing fall +off/ onto struggle + for/ against vote +for/ against care + for/about apologize + to sb for doing argue + about sth with sb die +in/ from/ of/ talk +about sth/ to sb think +of/ about/ over compete + in sth with sb agree + to/ with / on work +on/ at/ in/for arrive + in/ at 要熟记它们的搭配;
1 be
助 2 do 动 3 have
形式变化：am/ is/ are/ was/ were/ been/ being 形式变化：does/ did 形式变化：has/ had/ having
同时是实义和系动词 同时是实义动词 同时是实义动词
请你 参考 复习
词 4 shall
形式变化：should
同时是情态动词
seat sb go out turn off
see/ watch look for find
近 give in
agree with sb
give up
promise sb
义 A 既可以用作及物又 如: begin "开始";Everybody, our game begins. Let us begin our game.
态
believe; consider; expect; envy; suppose; feel; think;
(完整word版)日语动词变形表
③む、ぬ、ぶ为结尾的去掉+む、ぬ、ぶ＋んで
④以す为结尾的す→して
例外:行く→行って
二类动词:去る+て
三类动词：来る→来（き）て
する→して
动词命令形
一类动词： 将结尾假名变成它同行的え段假名
二类动词： 去る+ろ
三类动词: 来る→来（こ）い
する→しろ
动词意志形
一类动词： 将结尾假名变成它同行的お段假名后+う
二类动词： 去る+よう
三类动词: 来る→来（こ）よう
する→しよう
动词假定形
一类动词: 将结尾假名变成它同行的え段假名后+ば
二类动词: 去る+れば
三类动词： 来る→来（く）れば
する→すれば
动词可能形
一类动词：将结尾假名变成它同行的え段假名后+る
二类动词：去る+られる
三类动词:来る→来（こ)られる
する→できる
动词变形
动词ます形
一类动词 :将结尾假名变成它同行的い段上的假名后+ます
二类动词： 去る＋ます
三类动词: 来(く）る→来（き）ます
する→します
动词ない形
一类动词:将结尾假名变成它同行的あ段上的假名后+ない
二类动词：去る+ない
三类动词： 来る→来(こ）ない.
する→しない
动词て形
一类动词：①う、つ、る为结尾的，去掉う、つ、る＋って
一类动词：将结尾假名变成它同行的あ段上假名后+れる
二类动词る→来（こ）られる
する→される
动词使役形
一类动词：将结尾假名变成它所在行的あ段上假名后+せる
动词九种变形方法大全
1、动词ます形变化规则①五段动词：将结尾假名变成它同行的前一个假名后+ます例：行く～行きます買う～買います②一段动词：去る＋ます例：食べる～食べます起きる～起きます③カ变动词：来（く）る～来（き）ます④サ变动词：する～します例：勉強する～勉強します特殊五段动词：帰る～帰ります知る～知ります入る～入ります要る～要ります切る～切ります走る～走ります等2、动词ない形①五段动词：将结尾假名变成它同行的あ段上的假名后+ない。
例：行く→行かない買う→買わない②一段动词：去る+ない例：食べる→食べない起きる→起きない③カ变动词：来る→来（こ）ない④サ变动词：する→しない例：勉強する→勉強しない特殊五段动词：帰る→帰らない知る→知らない其它的以此类推，将る变成ら+ない3、动词可能形①五段动词：将结尾假名变成它同行的下一个假名后+る。
例：行く→行ける買う→買える②一段动词：去る+られる。
例：食べる→食べられる起きる→起きられる③カ变动词：来る→来（こ）られる④サ变动词：する→できる例：勉強する→勉強できる4、动词て形（1）五段动词：①く→いてぐ→いで例：書く→書いて脱ぐ→脱いで②う、つ、る为结尾的，去掉う、つ、る＋って例：買う→買って立つ→立って終わる→終わって③む、ぬ、ぶ为结尾的去掉+む、ぬ、ぶ＋んで例：飲む→飲んで死ぬ→死んで飛ぶ→飛んで④以す为结尾的す→して例：話す→話して（2）一段动词：去る+て例：食べる→食べて起きる→起きて（3）カ变动词：来る→来（き）て（4）サ变动词：する→して例：勉強する→勉強して例外：行く→行って帰る→帰って知る→知って5、假定形①五段动词：将结尾假名变成它同行的下一个假名后+ば例：行く→行けば買う→買えば例：食べる→食べれば起きる→起きれば③カ变动词：来る→来（く）れば④サ变动词：する→すれば例：散歩する→散歩すれば⑤形容词：去い+ければ例：安い→安ければおいしい→おいしければ⑥形容动词：去だ+なら例：暇だ→暇なら簡単だ→簡単なら名词：名词直接+なら例：日本人→日本人なら6、动词意向形①五段动词：将结尾假名变成它同行的最后一个假名后+う例：行く→行こう買う→買おう②一段动词：去る+よう例：食べる→食べよう起きる→起きよう③カ变动词：来る→来（こ）よう④サ变动词：する→しよう例：散歩する→散歩しよう7、动词命令形①五段动词：将结尾假名变成它同行的下一个假名即可. 例：行く→行け買う→買え②一段动词：去る+ろ例：起きる→起きろ食べる→食べろ③カ变动词：来る→来（こ）い例：勉強する→勉強しろ动词禁止形是所有词的字典形（原形、基本形）+な例：行く→行くな起きる→起きるな来る→来（く）るな勉強する→勉強するな8、动词被动形①五段动词：将结尾假名变成它所在行的あ段上假名后+れる例：踏む→踏まれる呼ぶ→呼ばれる②一段动词：去る+られる例：褒める→褒められる食べる→食べられる③カ变动词：来る→来（こ）られる④サ变动词：する→される例：発明する→発明される9、动词使役形①五段动词：将结尾假名变成它所在行的あ段上假名后+せる。
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动词概述
一、实义动词
■①及物动词与不及物动词
根据后面是否带宾语，行为动词又可分为及物动词和不及物动词，及物动词。
Vt. vi .
They study hard.
I know them well.
二、连系动词
系动词亦称连系动词，作为系动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语（亦称补语），构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。
系动词后不可接副词，接的是形容词。
1. be：
He is a teacher.（is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。
）I am fine.
2、keep, rest, remain, stay,例如：
He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。
This matter rests a mystery. 此事仍是一个谜。
3、表示"看起来像"这一概念，主要有seem, appear, look, 例如：
He looks tired. He seems (to be) very sad.
4、feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如：
This kind of cloth feels very soft. This flower smells very sweet.
5、become, grow, turn, fall（asleep）, get, go, come, run.
He became mad after that. She grew rich within a short time.
6、终止系动词。
表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove, turn out, 表达"证实"，"变成"之意，The rumor proved false. His plan turned out a success. （turn out表终止性结果）7．使役动词：let,have,make 使，让…
1. let /make somebody do sth
The teacher lets/makes them clean the classroom after school.
2. make sb/sth adj.
The story makes me happy. The color makes it look beautiful.
3.have somebody do sth 让某人做某事
have sth done 让某物被做
My mother has me make the bed.
I have my hair cut/washed.
三、助动词
协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词。
助动词是语法功能词，自身没有词义，不可单独使用，它没有对应的汉译，例如：He doesn't like English.（doesn't是助动词，无词义；like是主要动词，有词义)
、助动词be(is, am,are,was,were)，have(has, had, having)，d o(did,d oes).
*d o(d oes, did) ,will,sall的用法
1. d o,,did,does
（1）构成疑问句或否定句
(How) did you know ? He does not smoke.
（2）加强语气。
He did tell that.
Do come and see us.
（3）代替前面刚出现的动词，避免重复。
-You like popular music, d on't you? -Yes , I do.
He speaks French as fluently as she does.
2. be 构成进行时态，被动语态
I am studying in Canada now.
The wind ow was broken by Annie.
3. have,has,had,having 构成完成时态
We have known each other for years.
4. will,shall 用于将来时态
I shall leave for Shanghai tomorrow.
They will go on a picnic next week.
四、情态动词
Can,could,may,might, shill,should, will,would,need,dear,have to, ought to
can 可以,could 过去
may 和might两准许
must have to 两必须
should 表应该
need 需不需
had better 最好去
.动词变化形式
一、动词的第三人称词尾变化：
当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词需加-s或-es：。