直接引语和间接引语讲解和练习题

直接引语变间接引语

这两种引语都是宾语从句，但是直接引语放在引号内，不用连词联接；间接引语不用引号，通常用连接词与主句联接

一、直接引语变间接引语时句式的变化

1.

例：He said, “I'm very glad.”

→ He said he was very glad.

2.

例：He said, “Can you come this afternoon, John”

→He asked John could come that afternoon.

3.

例: He said, “Where is Mr. Wang”

→He asked where Mr. Wang was.

Tom says to me, “what food do you like best”.

→Tom asks me food I like best

4.

Our parents told us“Learn English well!”我们的父母告诉我们：“把英语学好啊！”

Our parents told us English well. 我们的父母告诉我吗要把英语学好。

The teacher said to me, “Don’t read that novel!”

The teacher asked/ told me that novel.

Our parents told us, “ Never do wrong!” 父母告诉我们：“不要做错事！”

Our parents told us never to do wrong. 我们的父母告诉我们不要做错事。

二、 人称的变化

例如： “I went to the Great Wall yesterday,” Li Hua said.

→ Li Hua said that he had gone to the Great Wall the day before.

“I’ll come to help you whenever you need my help,” he answered her .

→ He answered her that he would come to help her whenever she needed his help.

She said to me, “Your pronunciation is better than his.” → She told me that my pronunciation was better than his.

三、时态变化

主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，

四、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化

【拓展延伸】

直接引语变为间接引语时时态不作改变的情况

He says, “I’m tired.”

→He says that he is tired.

He will say, “The boy was lazy.”

→He will tell you that the boy was lazy.

Our geography teacher said to us, “The earth goes round the sun.”

→Our geography teacher told us that the earth goes round the sun.

She said, “I was born in 1995.”

→ She said that she was born in 1995.

【典型例题】

（1）Can you tell me_______

A. what the matter is

B. what matter it is

C. what’s the matter

D. the matter is what

（2）The physics teacher said the earth ____around the sun.

A. is moving

B. moved

C. had moved

D. moves 【语法专练】

1. Mother asked the youngest kid____with his car.

A. what the matter

B. What was the matter

C. what the matter is

D. what is the matter

2. The tourist asked the guide what he____visit the next day.

A. was going to

B. will

C. is going in

D. is to

3. The teacher told us that light____ faster than sound.

A. traveled

B. had traveled

C. is traveling

4. Tom hanks told his teacher that he____born in 1968.

A. was

B. had been

C. is

D. has been

5. Linda asked Amy_____ she could tell her the general ideas of the poem.

A. that

B. whether

C. what

D. how

6. My brother said to me, “I’m going to have a holiday next week.”

My brother ____ _________ __________ _________going to have a holiday the next week.

7. Mother said to me, “What are you doing in the room”

Mother asked me________ ________ __________ _________ in the room.

asked, “ Can I borrow your bike”

He asked _______ ________ ________ borrow my bike

said to me, “ Do you like football”

Tom asked me _______ _________ _________football

said to me, “ I went over my lessons last night.”

She told me _________ _________ __________over her lessons the night before.

附：Unit I 短语归纳

1. 做个好朋友to be a good friend

2. 做下列调查make the following survey

3. 合计总分add up the score

4. 得分get points

5. 心烦意乱地来到学校come to school upset

6. 不理睬铃声ignore the bell

7. 使你那个德国朋友平静下来calm down your German friend

8. 关心你朋友be concerned about your friend(s)

9. 松开了get loose

10. 不得不去户外遛狗have got to walk the dog outdoors

11. 帮他期末考试作弊help him cheat in the end-of-term exam

12. 列出理由make a list of reasons / list the reasons

13. 记下一连串的请求set down a series of requests

14. 根据问卷调查according to the questionnaire

15. 根据编辑的忠告according to the editor’s advice

16. 为了分担你的困难in order to share your difficulties / troubles

17. 与老板相爱fall in love with the boss

18. 与我的同桌相处融洽get along / on well with my deskmate