大学 英语四级超级重点词汇辨析

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新东方大学英语考试四级词汇辨析

新东方大学英语考试四级词汇辨析

新东方大学英语考试四级词汇辨析◣词语大辨析◥-§①abandon,desert,forsake,quit都含有一定的"放弃"之意abandon指完全、永远地放弃,尤指对之负有责任或义务者,放弃一个项目或计划desert强调故意违背自己的义务、责任或誓言等(擅离职守)forsake 指遗弃以前所爱的人或事物,着重于断绝情感上的依恋eg.forsake one's wife and children遗弃妻儿;forsake bad habits摈弃坏习惯quit 指突然或出其不意地放弃,现一般指"停止" eg.quit work停止工作exercises(choose the best answer & translate every sentences):1.His presence of mind never __ him.A.desertedB.leftC.lostD.quit2.Despite some difficulties,they're not going to __ the plan.A.abandonB.desertC.forsakeD.quit3.__ it out!A.ForsakeB.QuitC.Give upD.Desert4.Arnold Schwarzenegger has __ the theater for politics.A.desertedB.forsookC.quitD.exchanged1.His presence of mind never deserted him.他从不失去镇静.2.Despite some difficulties,they're not going to abandon the plan. 尽管他们遇到了一些困难,但并不打算放弃这个计划.3.Quit it out!住嘴./住手.4.Arnold Schwarzenegger has forsook the theater for politics.阿诺德?施瓦辛格弃艺从政了◣词语大辨析◥-§②accessory,decoration,ornament 都含有一定的"装饰品"之意accessory [常作pl.]指(女性的)装饰品,(手提包,些,手套,帽子,项链,耳环等) decoration指为了装饰某物所使用的艳丽好看的装饰品ornament指一般装饰品(ornament在作动词时常可和decorate 互换)1.The hall is ___ with flowers and flags.A.fullB.filledC.garnishedD.decorated2.The Christmas tree was decorated with shinning ___ such as colored lights and glass balls.A.ornamentsB.luxuriesC.exhibits/doc/a117048293.html,plements3.She wore a green wool suit with matching ___.A.decorationsB.ornamentsC.accessoriesD.appendix4.Can you help me to ___ a fish with slices of lemon.A.addB.garnishC.decorateD.ornament1.The hall is decorated with flowers and flags.大厅里装饰着鲜花和旗帜.(此句也能用ornament替换.)2.The Christmas tree was decorated with shinning ornaments such as colored lights and glass balls.圣诞树被一些闪亮的装饰物点缀着,如彩灯和玻璃球.3.She wore a green wool suit with matching accessories.她穿了一件绿色的羊毛套装,佩戴着得体的首饰.4.Can you help me to garnish a fish with slices of lemon.你能帮我在鱼上加配柠檬片吗?(garnish多用于对烹饪、菜式的装饰,如加调味料,加配材料等)◣词语大辨析◥-§③:accomplish,complete,end,finish 都含有"完成"之意accomplish指成功地完成预期的计划或达到预期的目的或成果complete指完成一件指派或预定的任务,或完善、完整未完成的部分end指一个动作或一件事情的结束或终止finish指把一件事或一个动作做完,强调事情的了结、终止1.We tried to settle the arguement but ___ nothing.A.accomplised/doc/a117048293.html,pletedC.endedD.finished2.The term will ___ early in July.A.accomplish/doc/a117048293.html,pleteC.endD.finish3.The building was ___ in 1962..A.accomplished/doc/a117048293.html,pletedC.endedD.finished4.When will the work be ___.A.accomplished/doc/a117048293.html,pletedC.endedD.finished5.比较:I have finished the book.和I have completed a book.分别释为何意呢?1.We tried to settle the arguement but accomplished nothing.我们试图解决争端,但未成功.2.The term will end early in July.学期将在七月初结束.3.The building was finished in 1962.大厦建成于1962年.4.When will the work be completed.工作什么时候完结?5.I have finished the book.我读完了那本书.I have completed a book.我写完了一本书.◤词语大辨析◢-§.④accurate,correct,delicate,exact,precise都含有一定的"正确,精确"之意accurate准确的,精确的,指某人或某事不仅不出错,而且与事实无出入,强调准确性correct正确的,指某人或某事合乎事实或公认的标准或规则,没有错误delicate精美、精细的、雅致的exact确切的、精确的,语气较accurate强,指某人或某事数量或质量完全符合事实或标准,而且在细致末节上也丝毫不差precise精密的,指具有高度的精确性和准确性,强调范围界限的鲜明性或细节的精密,有时略带"吹毛求疵"的贬义1.His painting is a/an ___ copy of the original.A.exactB.preciseC.correctD.accurate/doc/a117048293.html,ser technology has enhanced the ___ of many surgical procedures.A.detailB.costC.exactionD.precision3.We hope to become more ___ in predicting earthquakes.A.exactB.correctC.preciseD.accurate4.It’s the ___ thing to do.A.accurateB.preciseC.exactD.correct5.One of his eyes was injured in an accident, but after a ___ operation,he quickly recovered his sight.A. preciseB.delicateC.considerateD.exact1.His painting is a/an exact copy of the original.他的画是与原作丝毫不差的临摹作品./doc/a117048293.html,ser technology has enhanced the precision of many surgical procedures.激光技术已大大提高了外科手术的精确度.3.We hope to become more accurate in predicting earthquakes.我们希望能更准确地预测地震.(be accurate in…在…方面很精确)4.It’s the cor rect thing to do.正应如此.5.One of his eyes was injured in an accident,but after a delicate operation,he quickly recovered his sight.他的一只眼睛在事故中受伤,但经过精细的手术以后很快恢复了视力.◤词语大辨析◢-§.⑤accuse,charge,indict都含有一定的"指控,控告"之意accuse accuse sb. of doing sth.为…指责某人,控告某人charge charge sb. with doing sth.指控某人…indict具体用法见练习3、4、5句1.The soldier was ___ of running away when the enemy attacked.A.scoldedB.chargedC.accusedD.punished2.He ___ me with negligence of duty.A.accusedB.blamedC.chargedD.indicted3.The police ___ him as a rioter.A.indictedB.accusedC.chargedD.punished4.His company ___ him for sabotage.A.accusedB.indictedC.blamedD.charged5.He was ___ on a charge of murder.A.accusedB.chargedC.punishedD.indicted1.The soldier was accused of running away when the enemy attacked.这个士兵被指控为临阵逃脱.2. He charged me with negligence of duty.他指控我玩忽职守.3.The police indicted him as a rioter.警察指控他为扰乱治安者.(indict sb. as…指控某人为…)4.His company indicted him for sabotage他公司告发他的破坏行为.(indict sb for sth.告发某人…)5.He was indicted on a charge of murder.他因犯杀人罪被起诉.(sb. be indicted on a charge of …因犯…被告发)◤词语大辨析◢-§.⑥achieve,acquire,attain,gain,obtain都含有一定的"获得,达到"之意achieve强调由于极大的努力,克服困难后达到目标acquire指经过不懈努力才获得的技术,知识等抽象的东西,也指养成习惯等attain正式用语,指经过艰苦努力才使人达到完美境地gain指需要做出比obtain更大的努力,往往指通过竞争获得某些有价值的东西obtain指经过努力或付出代价或经过很长时间儿得到所需要的东西1.After so many years of hard work,he finally ___ success.A.obtainedB.acquiredC.achievedD.gained2.She has ___ some very unpleasant habits recently.A.obtainedB.gainedC.attainedD.acquired3.In typhoon,winds ___ a speed greater than 120 km per hour.A.assumeB.accomplishC.attainD.assemble4.In the second experiment they ___ a very clear result.A.obtainedB.acquiredC.wonD.attained5.No ___ without pains.A.obtainsB.gainsC.attainsD.acquires6.She ___ a good knowledge of English from Mr. Chen's lectures.A.achievedB.attainedC.acquiredD.gainedC.D.C.A.B.C.1.After so many years of hard work,he finally achieved success.经过这么多年努力,他终于获得了成功.2.She has acquired some very unpleasant habits recently.她最近养成了一些不良的习惯.3.In typhoon,winds attain a speed greater than 120 km per hour.发生台风时,风速每小时高达120公里.4.In the second experiment they obtained a very clear result.在第二次试验中他们的到了一个非常清楚的结果.5.No gains without pains.不劳则无获.6.She acquired a good knowledge of English from Mr. Chen's lectures.他从陈教授的讲座中学到很多英语知识.◤词语大辨析◢-§.⑦acknowledge,admit,concede,confess,recognize都含有一定的"承认"之意acknowledge着重”公开承认”,常用来指过去曾隐瞒或否认的事admit是指在压力下不得不承认已经证实或难以否认的事实,供认(事实,错误等) concede (不情愿地)承认,(在结果确定前)承认失败confess着重承认自己的过错或罪恶recognize指正式承认主权、权利等1.He ___ that the statement was true in an argument.A.concededB.admittedC.confessedD.recognized2.She ___ having been at fault.A.admittedB.confessedC.acknowledgedD.recognized3.The new law was generally admitted ___ difficult to enforce.A.beingB.to beingC.to beD.to have4.Although they had suffered heavy losses,they refused to ___ defeat.A.concedB.conserveC.admitD.assert5.Finally he has to ___ himself guilty.A.concedeB.confessC.admitD.acknowledge6.Mr.Zhang was___ as the legitimate representative.A.acknowledgeB.admittedC.concededD.recognizedA.C.C.A.B.D1.He conceded that the statement was true in an argument.他在辩论中承认对方的说法是正确的.(有点不情愿的承认)2.She acknowledged having been at fault.他承认自己曾犯过错误.3.The new law was generally admitted to be difficult to enforce.大家普遍认为,新的法律很难实施.(admit后面可跟名词或动名词作宾语,不根不定式作宾语,但可接不定式作宾补.此句中admit为被动结构,所以用to be difficult to enforce 作主语补语.)4.Although they had suffered heavy losses,they refused to concede defeat.虽然他们已遭受惨重损失,但还是不肯认输.5.Finally he has to confess himself guilty.最终他不得不认罪.(confess oneself认罪)6.Mr.Zhang was recognized as the legitimate representative of the company.张先生背城认为公司的合法代表.◤词语大辨析◢-§⑧affirm,assert,allege,claim都含有一定的"宣称,断言"之意affirm断言,肯定,指根据事实坚定不移地宣称,有无可争辩之意assert宣称,坚持,指不管事实如何,主观自信地宣称allege宣称,断定,指在无真实凭据情况下宣称,硬说claim声称,主张,往往表示说话者反对或不同意某一观点1.Politicians more often___ their desire for retirement than show that they really mean it.A.assertB.claimC.allegeD.affirm2.The suspect ___ that he had not been in the neighbourhood.A.advocatedB.allegedC.addressedD.announceed3.He ___ his belief that she was innocent.A.affirmedB.assertedC.maintainedD.stressed4.He ___ that this could be done.A.affirmedB.allegedC.assertedD.claimed5.Don’t ___ to know what you don’t know.A.claimedB.assertedC.allegedD.affirmed1.Politicians more often affirm their desire for retirement than show that they really mean it.政治家经常声称他们想退休,但未必是真的.2.The suspect alleged that he had not been in the neighbourhood.嫌疑犯生成案发时他并不在现场.3.He asserted his belief that she was innocent.他坚持自己的想法,她是无辜的.4.He asserted that this could be done..他宣称这是可行的.5.Don't claim to know what you don't know.不要强不知以为知.◤词语大辨析◢-§⑨alarm,dread,fear,fright,horror,panic,terror都含有一定的"惊恐"之意alarm惊恐,忧虑,指突然遇到危险产生的紧张,害怕,惊慌失措的心理状态,也可指一般的担心忧虑(take/feel alarm at…因…而惊恐) dread担忧,惧怕,多指因预料有危险和不愉快的事面临而产生的不安心情,比fear 更为强烈的恐惧fear表示恐惧最普通的用语,指遇到危险或灾难内心感到不安或发慌fright指突然的惊恐horror令人毛骨悚然,使人极其厌恶的恐怖(常用于强调表现出恐怖的现象或行为,而不强调引起恐怖的原因)panic恐慌(指吃惊以后随之而来的不知所措,神经几乎失控的状态) terror恐怖(指个人安全受到严重威胁时所产生的巨大恐惧及惊骇)1.There is nothing to get ___ about.A.alarmedB.fearedC.horrifiedD.terrified2.She had always been in ___of meeting with an accident.A.horrorB.alarmC.terrorD.dread3.Our cat ___ dogs.A.alarmsB.fearsC.panicsD.dreads4.I don't ___ easily.A.fearB.dreadC.frightenD.alarm5.They watch with ___ as the tightrope walker struggled to remain his balance.A.panicB.alarmC.horrorD.terror6.All the residents of the town ___ when there was a big fire in thesupermarket.A.panicedB.panickedC.surprisedD.shocked7.She was ___ out of her senses.A.alarmedB.fearedC.hottifiedD.terrified1.There is nothing to get alarmed about.没什么可大惊小怪的.2.She had always been in dread of meeting with an accident.他总是担心遇上意外事故.3.Our cat fears dogs.我们家的猫怕狗.4.I don't frighten easily.我不会轻易受惊的.5.They watch with horror as the tightrope walker struggled to remain his balance.他们心惊肉跳得看着走钢丝绳的演员摇摇晃晃地在恢复平衡.6.All the residents of the town panicked when there was a big fire in the supermarket.超市的一场大火震惊了全镇居民.(panic的过去式为panicked)7.She was terrified out of her senses.她吓得魂不附体.◤词语大辨析◢-§⑩alter,change,convert,modify,shift,transform,vary都含有一定的"改变"之意alter改变,变更,指衣服等表面或局部做部分变动,而没有变成另一种事物change改变,变更,指位置,性质,外表,形式或是数量与质量等改变.常与into连用. convert使转变,变化,一般只表示事物的外表及用途等方面发生的次要变化,而不是本质上的巨大变化,也可用于改变某人的政治观点、信仰.这个词义是其他词所没有的modify修改,变更,较正式,常用以表示意见,计划或形式,质量方面不大的变化shift指位置或方向的移动,改变transform指外形或面貌的改变,彻底改变性格,性质等vary改变,不同,有区别,变化1.If your coat is too long,the tailor can___it to fit you.A.alterB.convertC.changeD.modify2.Great ___ have taken place since he left.A.altersB.convertsC.changesD.transforms3.He used to be a Christian,but he is now___ to Buddhism.A.convertedB.changedC.transformedD.reformed4.Prices that ___ with the quality.A.shiftB.varyC.convertD.alter5.The wind has ___ from north to south.A.shiftedB.convertedC.alteredD.transformed6.Many military factories have been ___ into civil ones in order to meet the needs of the country.A.alteredB.variedC.shiftedD.transformed7.The inventor ___ his original design in order to increase the machine’s effiency.A.exchangedB.convertedC.modifiedD.cultivated1.If your coat is too long,the tailor can alter it to fit you.如果你的衣服太大,裁缝会给你改的合身.2.Great changes have taken place since he left.他走后变化很大.3 He used to be a Christian,but he is now.converted to Buddhism.他过去是一个基督教徒,现在改信佛教.4.Prices that vary with the quality.价格随质量不同而变化.(vary with…随…而变化)5.The wind has shifted from north to south.风向从北转到了南.6.Many military factories have been transformed into civil ones in order to meet the needs of the country.为了适应国情的需要,我们把很多军用工厂改成了民用工厂.7.The inventor modified his original design in order to increase the machine’s efficiency.发明者改变原来的设计目的是提高机器的效率.◤词语大辨析◢-§⑾alternative,choose,pick,select都含有一定的"选择"之意alternative adj. n.供选择的,抉择,供选择的东西.指在两者之间进行选择,两者选一的choose适用范围最广,指从众多的对象中挑选,这中挑选常取决于个人的意志与判断,不强调客观标准.它所选择的对象可以是不同种类的,可以是有形的或无形的.还常带有最终选定的含义,即表示选定候不再变化.pick口头用语,指仔细地,精心地选择,含有挑剔的意思.一般指挑选有形的东西select语气比choose重,多用于正式场合.指仔细地,审慎地精选,强调客观性,而不是主观性.所挑选的对象可以是有形或无形的,但一定是同种类的.1.He ___an appropriate birthday card for his mother.A.choseB.pickedC.selectedD.elected2.Children shouldn't ___ food.A.pick offB.pickC.chooseD.select3.He ___ Miss Lilyfor his wife.A.choseB.selectedC.pickedD.elected4.When traveling,you are advised to take travelers' checks,which providea secure ___ to carrying your money in cash.A.preferenceB.selectionC.choiceD.alternative5.I'm to ___ a few good books to send to my friend.A.chooseB.pick upC.pick outD.pick at1.He selected an appropriate birthday card for his mother.他给母亲精心挑选了一张合适的生日卡.2.Children shouldn’t pick food.孩子不应该挑食.(pick off摘去,采取)3 He chose Miss Lilyfor his wife.他选择了莉丽小姐作为他的妻子.(从本句可以看出"choose常带有最终选定的含义"这一点)4.When traveling,you are advised to take travelers' checks,which providea secure alternative to carrying your money in cash.建议你旅游时带旅行支票,那样要比带现金安全.5.I'm to pick out a few good books to send to my friend.我要挑选几本好书给我的朋友.(pick up收拾整理,用车接人pick out挑选,拣出pick at吃一点点,无食欲地吃)◤词语大辨析◢-§⑿altitude,aptitude,attitude,latitude都非常形近altitude高度,海拔(an altitude of 20,000 metres above sea level海拔20,000米)aptitude才能,智力,倾向,习性attitude态度,看法latitude纬度(longitude经度)1.Beavers have an ___ for building dams.A.altitudeB.aptitudeC.attitude/doc/a117048293.html,titude2.She takes the ___ that Children should be allowed to learn at their own pace.A.altitudeB.aptitudeC.attitude/doc/a117048293.html,titude3.He has an ___ for languages.A.altitudeB.aptitudeC.attitude/doc/a117048293.html,titude4.What's your ___ towards this question?A.altitudeB.aptitudeC.attitude/doc/a117048293.html,titude5.Taipei is located at 121.7 degrees east longitude and 25 degrees north ___.A.altitudeB.aptitudeC.attitude/doc/a117048293.html,titude6.The pilot is exercising the ___ flight.A.altitudeB.aptitudeC.attitude/doc/a117048293.html,titude1.Beavers have an aptitude for building dams.水獭有筑坝的习性.2.She takes the attitude that Children should be allowed to learn at theirown pace. 她采取的态度就是应该允许孩子们按照自己的节奏学习.3 He has an aptitude for languages.他有学语言的才能.4.What's your attitude towards this question?你对这个问题有什么看法?5.Taipei is located at 121.7 degrees east longitude and 25 degrees north latitude.台北位于东经121.7度,北纬25度.6.The pilot is exercising the altitude flight.飞行员正在练习高空飞行.◤词语大辨析◢-§⒀announce, declare, proclaim都含有一定的"宣布"之意announce指对公众或特定的一群关心的人进行宣布,常指大家感兴趣的事,如国家大事、商品信息、生死病婚、开会等新闻declare指在庄严场合,官方权威人士公开郑重宣布,有时指在公共场合对某事表明态度proclaim指官方事务中当局对大众所作的重要宣布其实,三个词之间有时也可经常互换使用.1.Everyone was silent as he ___ the winner of the competition.A.toldB.declaredC.announcedD.proclaimed2.The government ___ war on the drug dealers.A.statedB.declaredC.announcedD.claimed3.They ___ him a model worker.A.statedB.declaredC.prizedD.proclaimed4.The chairman ___ the exhibition open.A.statedB.declaredC.spokeD.proclaimed5.The Congress of the Communist Party of China was ___ to meet in the paper.A.statedB.declaredC.announcedD.proclaimed1.Everyone was silent as he announced the winner of the competition.当他宣布竞赛的获胜者时,大家都静静地倾听.2.The government declared war on the drug dealers.政府向毒品贩子宣战.(declare war on/against…向…宣战;proclaim war宣战)3.They proclaimed him a model worker..它们宣布他为劳动模范.4.The chairman declared the exhibition open.主席宣布展览会开幕.(本句感觉也可用announced,你认为呢?)5.The Congress of the Communist Party of China was announced to mee◤词语大辨析◢-§⒁ample, adequate, plentiful,sufficient都含有一定的"足够,丰富"之意ample指不仅能达到应有的程度,满足需要,而且还有余,一般不修饰数量不定的名词(ample time充裕的时间;an ample basket of fruit 满满一篮水果;ample space宽敞的空间)adequate足够的,充分的,指数量和质量上复合一个特定的标准或不太高的要求plentiful丰富的,很多的,富裕的sufficient尤指程度上多到能满足或达到某种特殊需要,特别是精神上的需要1.There is ___ evidence to suggest that the lawyer in question knew exactly what she was doing.A.sufficientB.plentifulC.adequateD.ample2.By law,when one makes a large purchase,he should have ___ opportunity to change his mind.A.accurateB.urgentC.adequateD.excessive3.The supply is not ___ to the demand.A.sufficientB.plentifulC.adequateD.ample4.He has acquired ___ proficiency to read Chinese literary works.A.sufficientB.plentifulC.adequateD.ample5.A ___ harvest is in sight.A.sufficientB.plentifulC.adequateD.ample1.There is ample evidence to suggest that the lawyer in question knew exactly what she was doing.有充分证据表明那个正在提问的律师确实知道她在做什么.(ample evidence充分证据)2.By law,when one makes a large purchase,he should have adequate opportunity to change his mind.根据法律,当一个人进行大宗购买时,他应该有充分的机会改变自己的注意.3.The supply is not adequate to the demand.供不应求.4.He has acquired sufficient proficiency to read Chinese literary works.他已获得足够能力阅读中国文学著作.5.A plentiful harvest is in sight.丰收在望.(plentiful/good harvest丰收)◤词语大辨析◢-§⒂amplify, enhance, enlarge,expand,magnify都含有一定的"扩大,提高"之。

英语四级容易混淆的词汇总结

英语四级容易混淆的词汇总结

英语四级容易混淆的词汇总结下面是小编总结的一些关于英语四级容易混淆的词汇,欢迎大家阅读。

一,1) purpose 目的 ;suppose 假设 ;propose 建议2) expect 期望 ;respect 尊敬 ;aspect 方面 ;inspect 视察 ;suspect 怀疑3) glide 滑翔 ;slide 使滑行 ;slip 跌落4) steal 偷 ;steel 钢5) strive 努力 ;stride 大步走6) allusion 暗示 ;illusion 幻觉 ;delusion 错觉 ;elusion 逃避7) prospect 前景 ;perspective 透视法8) stationery 文具 ;stationary 固定的9) loose 松的 ;lose 丢失 ;loss n 损失 ;lost lose过去式10) amend 改正, 修正 ;emend 校正二,1) chicken 鸡 ;kitchen 厨房2) monkey 猴子 ;donkey 驴3) chore 家务活 ;chord 和弦 ;cord 细绳4) cite 引用 ;site 场所 ;sight 视觉5) clash (金属)幢击声 ;crash 碰幢,坠落 ;crush 压坏6) compliment 赞美 ;complement 附加物7) confirm 确认 ;conform 使顺从8) contact 接触 ;contract 合同 ;contrast 对照9) council 议会 ;counsel 忠告 ;consul 领事10) crow 乌鸦 ;crown 王冠 ;clown 小丑 ;cow 牛11) dose 一剂药 ;doze 打盹12) drawn draw 过去分词 ;drown 溺水三,1) emigrant 移民到国外 ;immigrant 从某国来的移民2) excess n 超过 ;exceed v超过 ;excel 擅长3) hotel 旅店 ;hostel 青年旅社4) latitude 纬度 ;altitude 高度 ;gratitude 感激5) immoral 不道德的 ;immortal 不朽的6) lone 孤独的 ;alone 单独的 ;lonely 寂寞的7) mortal 会死的;metal 金属;mental 神经的;medal 勋章 ;model 模特;meddle 玩弄8) scare 惊吓 ;scarce 缺乏的9) drought 天旱 ;draught 通风, 拖拉 ;draughts (英)国际跳棋10) assure 保证 ;ensure 使确定 ;insure 保险11) except 除外;expect 期望;accept 接受;excerpt 选录 ;exempt 免除四,1) quite 相当 ;quiet 安静地2) affect v 影响, 假装 ;effect n 结果, 影响3) adapt 适应 ;adopt 采用 ;adept 内行4) angel 天使 ;angle 角度5) dairy 牛奶厂 ;diary 日记6) contend 奋斗, 斗争;content 内容, 满足的;context 上下文 ;contest 竞争, 比赛7) principal 校长, 主要的 ;principle 原则8) implicit 含蓄的 ;explicit 明白的9) dessert 甜食 ;desert 沙漠 v 放弃 ;dissert 写论文10) pat 轻拍 ;tap 轻打 ;slap 掌击 ;rap 敲,打11) decent 正经的 ;descent n 向下, 血统 ;descend v 向下12) sweet 甜的 ;sweat 汗水。

四级词汇辨析

四级词汇辨析

四级词汇辨析munity,societycommunity 指有着共同利益或特性的社团,也有“社区”的意思;society 指人类社会关系的总和,也有“协会”的意思。

pete vi.比赛,竞赛compete with/against sb for sth与某人竞争以获得某物3.corporation n.法人,公司,企业;(市,镇)自治机关Corporate adj.公司的,法人的;共同的,全体的Coordinate vt.(使)调整,(使)协调n.同等物;坐标(用复数)adj.同等的,并列的Eg.But a successful landing was still likely because we knew the exact coordinates of our goal.但是,成功着陆还是很有可能的,因为我们不知道目标的确切坐标。

4.diverse adj.不同的,相异的;多种多样的Diversity n.差异,多样性5.expand,extendExpand侧重指上下,左右,前后的面体的伸展Extend表示时间和空间的“延长”,可用于比喻意义上的“延长”,或范围上的“扩展”6.medium,method,means,way,appproachMedium指“媒介,手段”,通过它能完成传输或转移某种事物;Method指“方法,办法”,通常指有条理并有效的方法;Means指“方法,手段,工具”,通常指采取的方法,策略或所用的机器,工具;Way指“方法,手段,方式”,可指单一的技巧,也可指复杂的操作;Approach n.方法,方式;途径;接近,逼近vt.接近,靠近vi.靠近7.primarily adv.首先,起初;主要的,根本上8.talent,ability,capacity,skill,competence这些名词都表示某人具有取得进步成绩的素质Talent强调天生的才能,尤其是在艺术方面;Ability是指智力或体力上具有做某事的能力;Capacity强调天赋,如生长,发展或成功的潜力;Skill强调由经验而获得汇发展的潜力;Competence指能做到某人满意,但不一定特别出众的能力。

英语专业四级词汇辨析

英语专业四级词汇辨析

英语专业四级词汇辨析一、名词词组和固定搭配1.介词+名词by accident 偶然on account of 因为,由于,为了……的缘故in addition to 另外,加之in addition 除…之外(还)in the air 流传中on (the/an) average 按平均值,通常on the basis of 根据,在…的基础上at best 充其量,至多for the better 好转,向好的方向发展on board 在船(车或飞机)上out of breath 喘不过气来on business 因公,因事in any case 无论如何,不管怎样in case of 假如,如果发生;防备in case 假使,以防(万一)in no case 决不,无论如何不by chance 偶然,碰巧in charge (of) 负责,管理(a)round the lock 日夜不停地in common 共用的,共有的in conclusion 最后,总之on condition (that) 如果in consequence of 由于…的缘故,因为on the contrary 正相反in contrast with/to 与…对比起来,与…形成对比out of control 失去控制under control 处于控制之下at all cots 不惜任何代价,无论如何at the cost of 以…为代价in the course of 在…过程中,在…期间of course 当然,自然in danger 在危险中,垂危out of danger 脱离危险out of date 过时的,不用的up to date 现代化的,切合目前情况的in demand 非常需要的,受欢迎的in debt 欠债,负债in detail 详细他in difficulties 处境困难in the distance 在远处off duty 下了班(的),不在值班(的)on duty 在上班(的),在值班(的)on earth 究竟,到底at all events 无论如何,不管怎样in any event 无论如何,不管怎样in the event of 万一,倘若for example 例如in the face of 在…面前;不顾in fact 其实,实际上in favo(u)r of 赞同,支持on fire 着火,起火on foot 步行in force 生效,有效;在实施中;大量的in front of 在…面前,在…前面in future 今后,从今以后in the future 在将来in general 一般说来,大体上on (one’s) guard 警惕,提防;站岗,值班in half 成两半at hand 近在手边,在附近by hand 用手,用体力hand down 把…传下去hand in hand 手拉手;密切关联地,同时并进地in hand (工作等)在进行中;在控制中on hand 在手边,在近处on (the) one hand 一方面on the other hand 另一方面at heart 内心里,本质上by heart 凭记性at home 在家,在国内;舒适,无拘束;熟悉,精通in hono(u)r of 为纪念,为了向…表示敬意on/upon one’s hono(u)r 以名誉担保in a hurry 匆忙,急于for instance 例如;比如at intervals 不时,每隔一段时间(或距离)at (long) last 终于at least 至少at length 终于,最终;详细地in (the) light of 鉴于,由于2.动词+名词have/gain access to 可以获得take…into account 考虑到,顾及,体谅take advantage of 占…的便宜,利用pave the way (for) 铺平道路,为…作准备pay attention to 注意do/try one’s best 尽力,努力get/have the best of 战胜make the best of 充分利用get/have the better of 战胜,在…中占上风catch one’s breath 屏息;喘气,气喘;歇口气take care 注意,当心take care of 爱护,照料take a chance 冒险,投机take charge 开始管理,接管keep…company 陪伴take (a) delight in 以…为乐make a difference 有影响,起(重要)作用carry/bring/put into effect 使生效,实行,实现come/go into effect 生效,实施take effect 生效,起作用catch sb’s eye 被某人看到,引起某人注意keep an eye on 留神,照看,密切注意make a face 做鬼脸find fault with 抱怨,挑剔,找岔子catch (on) fire 着火,开始燃烧make fiends (with) 与(…)交朋友be friends with 与…友好make fun of 取笑,拿…开玩笑keep sb’s head 保持镇静in the world 究竟,到底lose sb’s head 慌乱,仓皇失措lose heart 丧失勇气,失去信心get/catch/take hold of 抓住,得到keep house 管理家务throw/cast light on/upon 使人了解,阐明bear/keep in mind 记住have in mind 考虑到,想到make up one’s mind 下定决心,打定主意bring/put into operation 实施,使生效,使运行come/go into operation 施行,实行,生效keep pace (with) 与(…)齐步前进,与(…)并驾齐驱play a part (in) 起作用,参与,扮演角色take place 发生,进行,举行take the place of 代替,取代put into practice 实施,实行make progress 进步,进展give rise to 引起,导致为…的原因make sense 讲得通,有意义,言之有理catch sight of 发现,突然看见(go) on the stage 当演员take one’s time 不着急,不慌忙keep track of 与…保持联系lose track of 失去与…的联系,不能跟上…的进展make use of 利用put to use 使用give way 让路;屈服,让步;倒塌,坍陷make one’s way 前往,行进,去make way 让路,腾出地方或位置3.名词词组的其他形式appeal to 呼吁,恳求attempt at 企图,努力attitude to/towards 态度,看法a great/good deal of 大量,非常,极其influence in 干涉,介入interference with 妨碍,打扰introduction to 介绍a lot (of) 许多(的),大量(的)lots of 大量,许多fall in love (with sb) 爱上(某人)reply to 回答,答复trolley bus 电车I.D. card 身份证credit card 信用卡no doubt 无疑地,很可能next door 隔壁out of doors 在户外face to face 面对面地a few 有些,几个quite a few 不少,相当多a little 一点,一些little by little 逐渐地,一点点地quite a little 相当多,不少no matter 无论the moment (that) 一…(就)no more 不再fair play 公平竞赛,公平对待rest room 厕所,盥洗室primary school 小学side by side 肩并肩地,一起heart and soul 全心全意step by step 逐步地ahead of time 提前all the time 一直,始终once upon a time 从前once in a while 偶尔no wonder 难怪,并不奇怪word for word 逐字地decline with thanks 婉言谢绝二、动词词组和固定搭配1.动词十介词/副词account for 说明…的原因,是…的原因allow for 考虑到,顾及,为…留出预地appeal to 诉诸,诉请裁决(或证实等)arrive at 达成,达成ask after 探问,问起ask for 请求,要求attach to 附属于,隶属于;使依恋,使喜爱to begin with 首先,第一break down 损坏;(健康等)垮掉,崩溃break in 非法闯入;打断,插嘴break into 非法闯入,强行进入break off 中断,突然停止break out 逃脱,逃走;突然出现,爆发break through 突破,冲破;取得突破陛成就break up 印终止,结束;打碎,粉碎;散开,驱散bring about 导致,引起bring down 使落下,打倒;降低,减少bring forth 产生,提出bring forward 提出,提议;提前bring out 使显出;激起,引起;出版,推出bring to 使恢复知觉bring up 教养,养育;提出build up 逐渐积聚,集结;逐步建立;增进,增强burn out 烧光,烧毁…的内部;熄灭burn up 烧掉,烧毁;烧起来,旺起来;(使)发怒call for 叫(某人)来;要求,需要call off 取消call on/up 访问,拜访;号召,要求call up 召集;使人想起;打电话(给)care for 照顾,照料;喜欢carry off 夺走,拿走carry on 继续,进行carry out 实行,执行;实现,完成catch at 试图抓住,拼命抓catch on 理解,懂得;流行起来check in (在旅馆、机场等)登记,报到check out 结帐后离开,办妥手续离去check up (on) 检查,核实cheer up (使)高兴起来,(使)振作起来•clear away 把…清除掉,收拾clear up 清理;澄清,解决;(天)放晴come off 脱落,分开;结果,表现come on [表示鼓励、催促等]快,走吧;开始,发生;进步,进展come out 发表,出版;出现,显露;结果是come round(around) 顺便来访;苏醒,复原come through 经历…仍活着,安然度过come to 苏醒;涉及,谈到;总数为,结果是come up 走上前来;发生,出现count on/upon 依靠,指望count up 共计,算出…的总数cover up 掩饰,掩盖;盖住,裹住cross off/out 划掉,勾销cut across 抄近路穿过,对直通过cut back 削减,缩减;急忙返回cut down 削减,减少;杀死,砍倒cut in 超车抢挡;插嘴,打断cut off 切断,阻碍;使分离,使隔绝cut out 删去,切去;戒除,停止ⅡB用cut short 中断,打断deal with 处理,对付;论述,涉及deep down 实际上,在心底die down 逐渐消失,变弱die out 逐渐消失,灭绝do without 没有…也行,用不着,将就draw in (火车、汽车)到站;(天)渐黑,(白昼)渐短draw up 起草,拟订;(使)停住dress up 穿上盛装,精心打扮;装饰,修饰drop by/in 顺便(或偶然)访问drop off 下降,减少;睡着,入睡;让(…)下车,把…放下drop out 退出,退学dry out (使)干透dry up (使)干透,(使)干涸;(使)枯竭fall behind 落后,落在…的后面fall through 落空,成为泡影fall in 填满;填写;(for)替代fall out 填写;长胖,变丰满find out 查明,找出,发现get across (将…)清楚,(使)被了解get around/round 走动,克服,设法回避(问题等);(协)抽出时间来做(或考虑) get at 够得着,触及;意思是,意指;查明,发现;指责get away 逃脱;走开,离开;(iwth)做了(坏事)而逃脱责罚get by 通过;过得去,(勉强)过活get down (从…)下来;写下;使沮丧;(to)开始认真做,着手做get in 进入,抵达;收获(庄稼等);(证th)对…亲近get into (使)进入;卷入;对…发生兴趣get off (从…)下来;动身,出发;下班,结束(工作);逃脱惩罚get over 克服,解决(问题等);(从疾病、失望等)中恢复过来get through 度过(时间);(使)通过(考试),(使)(议案等)获得通过;(将…)讲清楚,完成;接通电话get together 相聚,聚集get up 起床;起立give away 泄露;赠送give back (归)还give in 交上,呈上;投降,屈服,认输give off 发出(光、声音等),散发出(气味)give out 分发;用完;消耗尽;发出(光、声音)give up 停止,放弃;(oneself)自首go after 追求,追赶go ahead 开始;进行go by 遵守,遵循,依据;(时间)过去go down 下降,减少;(船)沉没,(日)落;(with)生…病;(well或badly)(不)受欢迎,(不)被接受go for 袭击;适用于;选择,想要获得;喜爱go into 进入,参加;开始从事;研究,调查go off 爆炸,开火,突然响起;(电等)中断,停止;不再喜欢go out 外出(尤指参加社会活动);过时;(潮)退,(灯)熄,终止;送出,公布,播出go over 仔细检查,察看;复习,重做go round/around 足够分配;(with)常…与交往;流传;四处走动,到处活动go through 经历,遭受;详细检查,查找,详细讨论;获得通过,被批准;(with)将…干到底go under 沉没;失败;破产go up 上升,上涨,增长;正在建设中;烧毁,炸毁go with 跟…相配;与…相伴;附属于go without 没有hand down 把…传下去hand in 交上,递交hand on 把…传下去hand out 分发,散发hand over 交出,移交hang about/around 闲荡,闲呆着hang on 坚持,抓紧,不放;等待片刻,(打电话时)不挂断;有赖于;取决于hang up 挂断(电话):悬挂,挂起have on 穿着,戴着hold back 踌躇,退缩;阻止,抑制;隐瞒,保守(秘密等)hold on 坚持住,握住不放;(打电话时)不挂断,等—会hold out 维持,保持;坚持(要求),不屈服hold up 支持,支撑,延迟;抢劫;展示,举出hurry up (使)赶陕,匆匆完成improve on/upon 改进;胜过keep back 阻止,抑制;隐瞒,保留keep off (使)不接近,(使)让开keep to 遵守,信守;坚持keep up 保持,(使)继续下去;使居高不下let down 放下,降低;使失望let off 宽恕,放过;开(枪),放(炮、烟火等)州)放let out 放走,释放;泄露,放出,发出lie in (问题、事情等)在于line up (使)排队,(使)排成行live on 靠…生活,以…为食物live through 度过,经受住live up to 符合,不辜负(期望);遵守,实践(诺言、原则等)look after 照管,照料,照料;注意,关心look at 看,朝…看;考虑,研究;看待look back (on) 回顾,回忆;回头看look for 寻找,寻求;惹来,招来look in 顺便看望,顺便访问look into 调查,观察look on 旁观,观看look out (for) 留神,注意look over 把…看一遍,把…过目;察看,参观look through 详尽核查;(从头至尾)浏览look up 好转;(在词典等中)查找;看望,拜访:(to)尊敬make for 走向,朝…前进;有助于,促进make out 辨认出,看出;理解,了解;写出,开出make up 印构成,组成;(为…)化妆;补充,补足;和解,重归于好;捏造,临时编造,虚mix up 混淆,弄混,弄乱occur to 被想到,被想起pass away 去世pass (as) 充作,被看作,被当作pass out 失去知觉,昏倒pay back 偿还,还钱给(某人);向…报复,回报pay off 还清(债);付清工资解雇(某人);向…行贿;得到好结果,取得成功pay up 全部付清pick out 选出,挑出,拣出;辨认出,分辨出pick up 拿起,捡起;取(给),用车接载(人);好转,改进,增加(速度);(使)重新开始,继续;获得,学会pull down 拆毁pull in (车)停下,车进站,船(到岸)pull off 脱去,扯下;(成功地)完成pull out 拔出,抽出,取出;(车、船)驶出;(使)摆脱困境pull together 齐心协力,团结起来pull up (使)停下put across/over 解释清楚,使被理解put aside 储存,保留;暂不考虑,把…放在一边put away 放好,收好put in 花费,付出(时间、精力等);申请,正式提出put on 穿上,戴上;上演;增加(体重)put out 熄灭,关(灯);出版,发布;生产;伸出put up 建造,支起,搭起;张贴;进行(抵抗等);提供,提名,提出;提高(价格、速度);为…提供食宿,投宿refer to 参考,查阅;涉及,提到;指的是ring off 挂断电话run down 撞倒;说…坏话,贬低;停止运转,耗尽;减少,缩减;查找出,搜索到run into 偶然碰见;遭遇(困难等);共计,达到…之多;撞在…上run off 很快写出;复印出,印出;跑掉,逃掉run over 在…上驶过,(撞倒并)碾过;把…很快地(或粗略地)过一遍see off 为…送行see through 看透,识破see to 注意,照料send for 派人去请,召唤;函购,函索send in 呈报,递送,提交set aside 留出,拨出(时间、金钱等);把…置于一旁,不理会set back 推迟,延缓,阻碍;使花费set down 记下,写下set forth 阐明,陈述set off 出发,启程;引起,激起set out 陈述,阐明;动身,起程;开始;摆放set up 创立,建立,为…作准备;竖立,架起,建造;开业,开始经商show off 炫耀,卖弄show up 显露,暴露;露面,来到shut out 把…排斥在外sit in on 列席(会议),旁听sit up 不睡,熬皮;坐直speed up (使)加快速度stand by 站在…一边,支持,帮助;袖手旁观;坚持(决议等),遵守(诺言等);作好准备,准备行动stand for 代替,代表,意味着,主张,支持;[用于否定、疑问句]容忍,接受stand out 清晰地显出,引人注目;杰出,出色stand up 站起来;(论点、证据等)站得住脚step up 提高,加快,加紧stick out (把…)坚持到底;突出,显眼stick to 坚持,忠于,信守;紧跟,紧随;粘贴在…上take after (在外貌、性格等方面)与(父、母等)相像take away 减去take down 拆卸;记下,写下take…for 把…认为是,把…看成是take in 接受,吸收,接纳;理解,领会;欺骗;包括take off 脱下;起飞;匆匆离开take on 开始雇用;呈现,具有;同…较量,接受…的挑战;承担,从事take over 接受,接管;借用,承袭take to 对…产生好感,开始喜欢;形成…的习惯,开始从事take up with 与…成朋友take up 开始从事;把…继续下去;着手处理;占去,占据;(on)接受邀请think over 仔细考虑throw away 扔掉,抛弃;错过(机会),浪费(金钱等)touch on/upon 谈到,论及turn down 关小,调低;拒绝turn in 交还,上交;上床睡觉turn off 关掉;拐弯,离开…转入另一条路turn on 接通,打开turn out 制造,生产;结果是;驱逐;关掉,旋熄turn over 翻过来,翻倒;移交,交;仔细考虑turn to 查阅;求助于,求教于turn up 开大,调大;出现,来到use up 用完,用光warm up (使)暖起来;(使)活跃起来,(使)热情起来;(使)作准备活动,(使)热身wear off 逐渐消失;渐渐减少wear out 穿破,磨损,用坏;(使)疲乏,(使)厌卷,(使)耗尽while away 消磨<时间)wipe out 擦净,擦掉;彻底摧毁,消灭work at/on 从事于,努力做work out 解决;算出;弄懂,理解;想出,制定出work up 激发,激起;制订出,精心作出write off 取消,勾销,注销2.后接动名词的动词搭配(接上)aim at 目的在于,旨在;瞄准;企图accuse…Of… 控告;谴责,depend on 取决于,视…而定;依靠,依赖;信赖,相信devote to 将…奉献给;把…专用(于)engage in 从事于,参加feel like 想要go on (时间)过去;灯亮;开始运行;继续,接着;进行,发生cannot/couldn’t help 禁不住;不得不insist on 坚持,强调,坚决要求keep from 阻止,抑制keep up 继续进行、继续下去look forward 曲协盼望,期待persist in 坚持不懈,执着prevent from 预防,防止put off 推迟,推延;阻止,劝阻set about 开始,着手succeed in 成功thank for 感谢think of 想起,记得;想出,提出;考虑,关心三、形容组和固定搭配be able to (do) 能(做),会(做)be about to (do) 即将,正要be absent from 缺勤,缺课be abundant in 丰富的,富裕的be accustomed to 习惯于,适应于be acquainted with 与…相识,熟悉,了解be active in 积极于be afraid of 恐怕,害怕,担忧be alive to 注意到,对…敏感be angry at 因某事生气be angry with 对…发怒be anxious about 担心,为…担忧be anxious for 急切盼望,渴望be anxious to(do) 渴望(做)be ashamed of 为…感到害臊be aware of 意识到be bad at 拙于,不善于be based on 根据,以…为基础be beside oneself 极度兴奋,对自己的感情失去控制be better off 生活优裕起来,境况好起来be bound to(do) 一定会,不得不be careful to(do) 务必注意(做)be certain to(do) 一定(做),必然(做)be capable of 能够be confident in 对…有信心be characterized by 以…为特征be clever at 擅长于be combined with 与…结合be composed of 由…组成be concerned about 关心,挂念be curious to(do) 很想(做)be dependent on/upon 取决于,依赖be determined to (do) 决心(做)be different from 与…不同be eager for 渴望be eager to (do) 急于要(做)be equal to 等于be famous for 以…著名be fond of 喜欢,爱好be free from 无…的,摆脱了…的be friendly to 对…友好be glad to (do) 乐于(做),对…感到高兴be good at (doing) 善于,擅长be good for 适于,在…期间有效be grateful to 感谢,感激be independent of 脱离…而独立,与…无关be indispensable for 对…必不可少的be interested in 对…感兴趣be kinde enough to (do) 承…好意,恳请be late for 迟到be likely to (do) 可能要,像是要be mad about 迷恋be well off 生活富裕be pleased to (do) 乐于be pleased with 对…感到满足be popular with 得人心的,受…欢迎的be present at 出席be proud of 以…自豪,因…感到满意be ready to (do) 装备好(做),乐意做be ready for 为…准备好be rich in 富于be satisfied with 对…满意,满足于be second to 次于be short for 是…的缩写(简称)be short of 短缺be sick for 渴望be sick in bed 病在床上be sick of 对…感到厌倦be sorry for 对…感到抱歉be strict with 对…要求严格be suited to 适合于be supposed to (do) 应该,非…不可be sure of 坚信,确信be surprised at 对…感到惊奇be though with 结束be tired from 因…而厌倦be tired of 厌烦,对…厌倦be tired out 疲倦极了be true to 适用于be unconscious of 不知道…be unequal to 无法胜任…的be unfit for 不适合,不胜任be useful to 对…有用be well up in 精通,熟悉be wild with jay 欣喜be willing to (do) 乐意…be worried about 为…而担心be worse off 处境较坏,情况恶化be worth (doing) 值得(做)be wrong with 有点毛病,有些不舒服四、其他词组和固定搭配above all 首先,尤其是after all 终究,毕竟,究竟at all [用于否定句]丝毫,一点all but 几乎,差不多;除了…都all over 遍及,到处in all 总共,合计not at all 一点也不leave alone 让…独自呆着;不打扰,不干预along with 和…一起,和…一道one after another 一个接一个,相继one another 互相anything but 绝对不as…as 像…一样as for 至于,关于as though 好像,仿佛as to 至于,关于as well 也,同样as well as 除…之外(也),既…又not as/so…as 不如…那样back and forth 反复地,来回地(in) back of 在…后面,在…背后because of 由于,因为had better 还是…好,应该both…and 既…又…,两个都but for 倘没有,要不是each other 互相either…or 或…或or else 否则,要不然even if/though 即使,虽然except for 除…外,除去;要不是由于as/so far as 就…,到…程度by far… 得多,最far from 远远不,完全不so far 迄今为止;到某个程度firs of all 首先if only 要是…多好by itself 独自地,自动地in itself 本质上,就其本身而言no less than 不少于,多达as/so long as 只要,如果;既然,如果no longer 不再,已不a great/good many of 相当多,很多many a 许多的more and more 越来越more or less 差不多,几乎,大约at most 至多,不超过make the most of 充分利用,尽量利用neither…nor (既)不…也不,(既)非…也非(every) now and then 时而,偶尔just now 刚才,才不久;现在,眼下now (that) 既然,由于off and on 断断续续地,间歇地,有时and so on 等等all at once 突然,忽然;同时,一起at once 立刻,马上;同时,一起once (and) for all 一劳永逸地,永远地once more/again 再一次by oneself 独自地,单独地every other 每隔一个的other than 不同于,非;除了over and over (again) 一再地,再三地all right 好,行;令人满意的,不错的;(健康)良好的,安然无恙的ever since 从那时起,自那时以来ever so 非常,极其or so 大约,左右so that 以便,为使;所以,因此so…that 如此…以致such as 诸如,例如such…that 那样的…以致that is(=i.e.) 就是说,即as though 好像,仿佛up to 胜任…的,适于…的;密谋…的;是…义不容辞的,是…的职责;取决于…的,须由…决定的;(时间上)一直到;(数目上)一直到,多达what about [征求意见时用]…怎么样what if 如果…将会怎样whether …or 是…还是,不管…还是go wrong 发生故障,出毛病;出错,犯错误and yet 可是,然而at yet 至今abide by 履行,遵守adapt to 适应adhere to 粘附;胶着;坚持apologize(-ise)to,for 道歉,认错cling o粘住;依附;坚持collide with 抵触,冲突;碰撞,互撞compensate for 补偿,赔偿comply with 依从,服从,遵从conceive of 设想,构思出conform to 遵守,依照,符合,顺应consult with 商量,商议cooperate with 合作,协作,相配合cope with (成功地)应付,(妥善地)处理deduce from 演绎,推断derive from 起源,衍生deviate from 背离,偏离dispose of 处理,解决;去掉,丢掉,除掉dwell on/upon 老是想着;详述hinder from 阻碍,妨碍impose on 把…强加于originate in/from 起源于,来自,产生participate in 参与,参加preside t/over 主持,主管prevail over 获胜,占优势prevail on/upon 说服,劝说,诱使reconcile to 使顺从(于),使甘心(于)reign to 使顺从restrain from 抑制,制止sacrifice to 牺牲,献出,献祭,供奉scrape by/through 勉强通过specialize in 专攻,专门研究testify to 表明,证明flare up 突然燃烧起来;突然发怒queue up 排成队(等候)dissatisfaction with/at 不满exposure to 暴露,显露;曝光objection to 反对,异议preference for/to 偏爱,喜爱;优惠;优先选择proficiency in 熟练,精通requirement for/to 需要,需要的东西,要求thirst for 渴望,热望by comparison 比较起来in sequence 依次,逐一at stake 在危急关头,在危险中in accordance with 与…一致,依照,根据on/in behalf of 代表,为了on the sly 偷偷地in excess of 超过to and for 来来回回on schedule 按时间表,及时,准时五、历年大学英语四、六级考试中出现的超纲词组和固定搭配put into use 使用,应用be satisfied with 满足be satisfied of 相信hardly…when 刚…就…come to a conclusion 得出结论avoid doing sth.避免干某事decline invitation 辞谢邀请agree on/upon 取得一致意见may(might) as well 还是…好argue about 争论take(make) a stand for 捍卫take(make) a stand against 反对come after 跟随in support of 支持lie up 躺着休息beside the question 离题refresh one’s memory 使人记起bring to mind 使人想起compile dictionary 编字典present sb.with sth.送给某人某礼物indifferent to 不在乎go on strike 罢工against one’s will 违心地in on e’s will在… 遗嘱中of one’s free will 出于自愿with ease 容易,不费力prepare for 准备get to 开始;到达fall off 下降fall away 背离televise live 实况转播by the moment 到…时have intention of 有意,打算no intention of 无意,不打算have not the least idea of 不知道have no desire for 对…没有欲望have desire to do sth.想做某事have sth.in stock 有现货be particular about 讲究the key to …的答案(线索、办法) carry about 随身携带pass through 通过,经过pass for 被认为(当作)be of little value 没什么价值cure sb.of 治好某人…pull back 撤退pull round 掉头,转向;康复pull along 沿…拉die off 死去,凋谢drop down 落下do sth.for a living 靠做某事谋生make a name of oneself 出名,扬名glimpse of 瞥见,一瞥glance at 瞥见,一瞥be on good terms with sb.与某人友好entitle sb.(to do)sth.给予某人(干)某事的权利beyond one’s power 超出某人的能力take interest in 对…发生兴趣be answerable for 应对…hundreds of 数以百计的be lacking in 缺乏break into tears(cheers) 突然哭(欢呼)起来in correspondence with 与…联系(通信)be advantageous to 对…有利be beneficial to 对…有益in debt to sb.欠某人的债be it that 即使assure sb.of sth.委托某人某事put(set) right 使恢复正常,纠正错误on the way 在途中off the way 远离正道keep on with 坚持make an attempt 试图in the mood for sth.对某事有心境escape doing sth.躲避干某事set a limit to 限制within the limit of 在…范围内call at 访问so blank (头脑)变成空白so dim (大脑)浑沌so faint 晕过去be subjected to 遭受be attached to 附属于not on any account 决不take pains to do sth.费尽苦心做某事a multitude of 大量(接复数名词) give rise to 导致give reason to 对…进行解释give suspicion to 对…怀疑make provision for 为…作准备be involved in 卷人,陷入be assigned to 被分配给…be bored to death 烦死了step into 插入,干涉adapt for 调整(以适应目标或需要)a close(narrow) shave 侥幸的脱险。

四级词汇及讲解

四级词汇及讲解

四级高频词汇及解析(1)1. alter v. 改变,改动,变更例句:There is something wrong with my layout, I have to alter it.我的设计图有点儿问题,我得修改一下。

单词辨析:alter、change、shift、convert的区别alter常用来表示轻微的、细节的改变,是自身细节上或外表的变化,而没有变成(change into)另一事物。

change这个词比较通用,可以指任何变化,也用于彻底改变,与原来完全不同。

它还可以作名词表示变化,以及零花钱。

shift表示变动的时候,多指位置、方向以及方式的改变。

它作名词时还可表示轮班、计谋、手段、变化等。

convert指进行全部或局部改变以适应新的功能或用途。

指信仰或态度时,强调较激烈、大的改变。

它作名词时就表示皈依者,或者改变信仰的人。

2. burst vi. n. 突然发生,爆裂burst作动词时不及物,所以接宾语时后面要加介词。

主要有两种形式:burst into+n. / burst out+doing例句:Because of the sad news, she burst into tears. /she burst out crying.因为这个令人难过的消息,她大哭起来。

3. dispose vi. 除掉;处置;解决;处理(of)dispose作为不及物动词,其后接宾语时要加介词of。

例句:Mum ordered me to dispose of these unfashionable clothes.老妈命令我把这些过时的衣服处理掉。

4. blast n. 爆炸;气流vi. 炸,炸掉blast作动词表示爆炸同explode,也可表示严厉批评(criticize),名词形式跟动词一致,相对应的近义词是explosion,criticism。

例句:Fortunately, no people injured in the blast.幸运的是,爆炸没有造成人员伤亡。

四级词汇词义辨析

四级词汇词义辨析

英语四级词汇辨义大集合1.abandon,desert,forsake,quit都含有一定的"放弃"之意abandon 指完全、永远地放弃,尤指对之负有责任或义务者,放弃一个项目或计划desert 强调故意违背自己的义务、责任或誓言等(擅离职守)forsake 指遗弃以前所爱的人或事物,着重于断绝情感上的依恋eg .for sake one'swife and children遗弃妻儿;forsake bad habits摈弃坏习惯quit 指突然或出其不意地放弃,现一般指"停止" eg.quit work停止工作2.accessory,decoration,ornament 都含有一定的"装饰品"之意accessory [常作pl.]指(女性的)装饰品,(手提包,些,手套,帽子,项链,耳环等)decoration 指为了装饰某物所使用的艳丽好看的装饰品ornament 指一般装饰品(ornament在作动词时常可和decorate互换)3.accomplish,complete,end,finish 都含有"完成"之意accomplish 指成功地完成预期的计划或达到预期的目的或成果complete 指完成一件指派或预定的任务,或完善、完整未完成的部分end 指一个动作或一件事情的结束或终止finish 指把一件事或一个动作做完,强调事情的了结、终止4.accurate,correct,delicate,exact,precise都含有一定的"正确,精确"之意accurate 准确的,精确的,指某人或某事不仅不出错,而且与事实无出入,强调准确性correct 正确的,指某人或某事合乎事实或公认的标准或规则,没有错误delicate 精美、精细的、雅致的exact 确切的、精确的,语气较accurate强,指某人或某事数量或质量完全符合事实或标准,而且在细致末节上也丝毫不差precise 精密的,指具有高度的精确性和准确性,强调范围界限的鲜明性或细节的精密,有时略带"吹毛求疵"的贬义5.accuse,charge,indict都含有一定的"指控,控告"之意accuse accuse sb. of doing sth.为…指责某人,控告某人charge charge sb. with doing sth.指控某人…6.achieve, acquire, attain, gain, obtain都含有一定的"获得,达到"之意achieve 强调由于极大的努力,克服困难后达到目标acquire 指经过不懈努力才获得的技术,知识等抽象的东西,也指养成习惯等attain 正式用语,指经过艰苦努力才使人达到完美境地gain 指需要做出比obtain更大的努力,往往指通过竞争获得某些有价值的东西obtain 指经过努力或付出代价或经过很长时间儿得到所需要的东西7.acknowledge, admit, concede, confess, recognize都含有一定的"承认"之意acknowledge 着重“公开承认”,常用来指过去曾隐瞒或否认的事admit 是指在压力下不得不承认已经证实或难以否认的事实,供认(事实,错误等)concede (不情愿地)承认,(在结果确定前)承认失败confess 着重承认自己的过错或罪恶recognize 指正式承认主权、权利等8.affirm,assert,allege,claim都含有一定的"宣称,断言"之意affirm 断言,肯定,指根据事实坚定不移地宣称,有无可争辩之意assert 宣称,坚持,指不管事实如何,主观自信地宣称allege 宣称,断定,指在无真实凭据情况下宣称,硬说claim 声称,主张,往往表示说话者反对或不同意某一观点9.alarm, dread, fear, fright, horror, panic, terror都含有一定的"惊恐"之意alarm 惊恐,忧虑,指突然遇到危险产生的紧张,害怕,惊慌失措的心理状态,也可指一般的担心忧虑(tak e/feel alarm at…因…而惊恐)dread 担忧,惧怕,多指因预料有危险和不愉快的事面临而产生的不安心情,比f ear更为强烈的恐惧fear 表示恐惧最普通的用语,指遇到危险或灾难内心感到不安或发慌fright 指突然的惊恐horror 令人毛骨悚然,使人极其厌恶的恐怖(常用于强调表现出恐怖的现象或行为,而不强调引起恐怖的原因)panic 恐慌(指吃惊以后随之而来的不知所措,神经几乎失控的状态)terror 恐怖(指个人安全受到严重威胁时所产生的巨大恐惧及惊骇)10.alter, change, convert, modify, shift, transform, vary都含有一定的"改变"之意alter 改变,变更,指衣服等表面或局部做部分变动,而没有变成另一种事物change 改变,变更,指位置,性质,外表,形式或是数量与质量等改变.常与into连用.convert 使转变,变化,一般只表示事物的外表及用途等方面发生的次要变化,而不是本质上的巨大变化,也可用于改变某人的政治观点、信仰.这个词义是其他词所没有的modify 修改,变更,较正式,常用以表示意见,计划或形式,质量方面不大的变化shift 指位置或方向的移动,改变transform 指外形或面貌的改变,彻底改变性格,性质等vary 改变,不同,有区别,变化11.alternative, choose, pick, select都含有一定的"选择"之意alternative adj. n. 供选择的,抉择,供选择的东西.指在两者之间进行选择,两者选一的choose 适用范围最广,指从众多的对象中挑选,这中挑选常取决于个人的意志与判断,不强调客观标准.它所选择的对象可以是不同种类的,可以是有形的或无形的.还常带有最终选定的含义,即表示选定候不再变化.pick 口头用语,指仔细地,精心地选择,含有挑剔的意思.一般指挑选有形的东西select 语气比choose重,多用于正式场合.指仔细地,审慎地精选,强调客观性,而不是主观性.所挑选的对象可以是有形或无形的,但一定是同种类的.12.altitude, aptitude, attitude, latitude都非常形近altitude 高度,海拔(an altitude of 20,000 meters above sea level海拔20, 000米)aptitude 才能,智力,倾向,习性attitude 态度,看法latitude 纬度(longitude经度)13.ample, adequate, plentiful, sufficient都含有一定的"足够,丰富"之意ample 指不仅能达到应有的程度,满足需要,而且还有余,一般不修饰数量不定的名词(ample time充裕的时间;an ample basket of fruit满满一篮水果;ampl e space宽敞的空间)adequate 足够的,充分的,指数量和质量上复合一个特定的标准或不太高的要求plentiful 丰富的,很多的,富裕的sufficient 尤指程度上多到能满足或达到某种特殊需要,特别是精神上的需要14.amplify, enhance, enlarge, expand, magnify都含有一定的"扩大,提高"之意amplify 放大,扩大,增强,指放大,增强(信号等)enhance 提高,增强,指(价格,力量,吸引力,声望)等的增加,提高.enlarge 指体积,大小,范围,能力等方面的增加expand 既可指数量上或体积上的增加,也可用来之前后左右上下任何方向的扩大,也指知识的增长,生意的扩大magnify 指放大,扩大(声音,照片等)15.annoy, furious, Indignant, irritate, provoke都含有一定的"恼怒"之意annoy 指有余被迫忍受某种不愉快甚至讨厌的事情而失去耐心或沉着(be a nnoyed at/by sth. be annoyed with sb. 对某人/某事很生气)furious 狂怒的(be furious with sb. be furious at/about sth对某人/某事大发雷霆)indignant 强调的是愤怒,愤慨,愤愤不平irritate 指一再打扰某人,终于使其失去耐心而发怒.provoke 激怒(人,动物),使生气(provoke sb. to do /into doing……刺激某人做某事)16.apparatus, appliance, equipment, facility, instrument都含有一定的"器具"之意apparatus 指"一套仪器,一套器械,装置"appliance 通常指需要动力才能操作的家用电器和装置等equipment 指"设备,装备"facility (pl.)"设备,设施",只是工作生活便利的工具和环境instrument 指精密的或科学的和艺术上使用的器具等17.answer, reply, respond都含有一定的"回答"之意answer 用的最广,几乎可指口头,书面乃至行动所表示的一切reply 指较为正式或经过考虑的答复,除了后面接直接宾语或以that开始的句子外,一般只用作不及物动词,后面连用to,表示回答旁人的问题(话语,信件,祝贺,攻击等)respond 一般指对紧急问题或请求作出答复,或用行动对所说或所做的事情做出反应。

大学英语四级易混四级词汇辨析

大学英语四级易混四级词汇辨析在大学英语四级考试中,词汇是基础也是关键。

其中,有一些词汇因为拼写相近、词义相似或用法相仿,常常让同学们感到混淆和困惑。

下面,我们就来详细辨析一些常见的易混四级词汇。

首先是“adapt”“adopt”和“adept”这三个词。

“adapt”的意思是“使适应;改编”,常用短语有“adapt to”(适应),例如:“He has to adapt to the new environment quickly ”(他得尽快适应新环境。

)“adopt”则表示“收养;采纳”,比如:“The committee adopted the new proposal ”(委员会采纳了新的提议。

)“adept”意为“熟练的;擅长的”,常与“at”或“in”搭配,像:“She is adept at playing the piano ”(她擅长弹钢琴。

)接着看“affect”和“effect”。

“affect”通常用作动词,意思是“影响;感染”,比如:“The bad weather affected our travel plans ”(糟糕的天气影响了我们的旅行计划。

)“effect”作名词时表示“效果;影响”,作动词时意为“产生;实现”,“have an effect on”(对有影响)是常见短语,例如:“The new policy has had a positive effect on the economy ”(新政策对经济产生了积极的影响。

)“altitude”“latitude”和“attitude”也容易让人混淆。

“altitude”指的是“海拔;高度”,“The airplane climbed to a high altitude ”(飞机攀升到了很高的高度。

)“latitude”是“纬度”,“This city is located at a certainlatitude ”(这个城市位于一定的纬度。

名师总结-历年四级核心词汇辨析(2)

名师总结:历年四级核心词汇辨析(2)
辨析1:alike, identical, similar
alike: 强调非偶然的相似关系;
identical: 用来指同一事物或事实;
similar: 强调不同事物的相似之处。

辨析2:alter, change, vary, convert
alter: 强调细节上的变化,没失去本性;
change: 一般指本质上的变化;
vary: 强调摆脱单调、雷同、重复或模仿;
convert: 强调改变细节以适应新用途。

辨析3:anxiety, worry, trouble
anxiety: 强调因害怕事情易变而产生的苦恼,但不消极失望;worry: 强调露于言表的内心烦恼;
trouble: 指困难、烦恼的原因或带来麻烦的人。

辨析4:appearance, feature
appearance: 指人或物的总体印象;
feature: 指面貌、相貌特征。

辨析5:arise, rise, raise, arouse
arise: 是不及物动词,较抽象,指向上的运动,语义窄;rise: 是不及物动词,较具体;
raise: 是及物动词,指“提高;养育”;arouse: 是及物动词,通常指唤醒某人或唤起情感。

辨析6:aspect, face, side
aspect: 指事物或问题的某个特定方面;
face: 通常指人的脸及物的表面;
side: 则是相对于另一面而言的。

大学英语四级词汇辨析

大学英语词语辨析一abandon,desert,forsake,quit都含有一定的"放弃"之意abandon:To give up completely; Leave in a cruel way; To yield (oneself) completely, as to emotion.指完全地放弃,尤指放弃一个项目或计划He abandoned his enterprise.He came to London to study law, but abandoned it for art.Desert: To forsake one's duty or post 强调故意违背自己的义务、责任或誓言等(擅离职守)He deserted her friend in a time of need.Forsake: To give up (something formerly held dear); renounce:着重于断绝情感上的依恋You must forsake your bad habits.Quit:To depart from, To give up; relinquish:指突然或出其不意地放弃,现一般指停止quit a debt quit workaccessory,decoration,ornament 都含有一定的"装饰"之意accessory: A subordinate or supplementary item[常作pl.]指(女性的)装饰品,(手提包,手套,帽子,项链等)Decoration: art of decorating.interior decoration室内装饰Ornament: Something that decoratesaccomplish,complete,end,finish 都含有"完成"之意accomplish: To succeed in doing sth 指成功地完成预期的计划或达到预期的目的或成果accomplish one's objectaccomplish one's missioncomplete: Having all necessary parts, components, or steps指完成一件指派或预定的任务,或完善、完整未完成的部分The building will be completed by the end of this month.这座楼于本月底建成。

英语专业四级(专四)词语辨析大全,还挺有用的!

英语专业四级(专四)词语辨析大全,还挺有用的!abandon, desert, forsake, leave, give up这些动词或词组均含“抛弃、放弃”之意abandon: 强调永远或完全放弃或抛弃人或事物等,这可能是被迫的,也可能是自愿的。

desert: 着重指违背法律责任和义务,或自己的信仰与誓言的行为,多含非难的意味。

forsake: 侧重断绝感情上的依恋,自愿抛弃所喜欢的人或物。

也指抛弃信仰或改掉恶习。

leave: 普通用词,指舍弃某事或某一职业,或终止同一某人的关系,但不涉及动机与果。

give up: 普通用语,侧重指没有希望或因外界压力而放弃。

ability, capacity, capability, genius, talent, competence, faculty, gift, aptitude 这些名词均可表示人的“能力,才能”之意。

ability: 普通用词,指人先天的或学来的各种能力。

capacity: 侧重指人的潜在能力,通常不指体力,多指才智,尤指接受与领悟能力。

capability: 多用于人,指胜任某项具体工作的能力,也指本身具有、尚未发挥的潜在能力。

常与of或for连用。

genius: 语气最强,指天赋的高度才能与智力。

talent: 着重指人某方面具有可发展和倍养的突出天赋才能,但语意比genius弱。

competence: 正式用词,侧重指令人满意的业务能力与水平,达到胜任某项工作等的要求。

faculty: 指特殊的才能或智力。

gift: 着重个人的天赋的才能或在某方面的显著本领,常暗含不能用一般规律作解释的意味。

aptitude: 多指先天或后天习得的运用自如的能力,常暗示接受能力强,能迅速掌握一种学术训练或艺术技巧。

able, capable, competent这些形容词均含有“有能力的,能干的”之意able: 最常用词,多用于褒义,着重指多方面的,经常性的,或潜在性的能力。

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英语四级超级重点词汇辨析
1.vital; fatal; crucial; vitality vital: 重要的,生命的;fatal: 致命的
(CET6.96.6);crucial: 决定性的 (CET6.00.1);vitality: 活力,生
命力。 The boy cycling in the street was knocked down by a minibus
and received ___ (fatal/excessive/disastrous/vital) injures.
2.dismiss; fire; lay off; discharge dismiss: 指强迫他人离开,即解
雇,开除,也指允许许多人离开、解散;fire: (俗语)解雇通常用在有
雇佣关系的场合;lay off: 解雇,下岗 (CET4.96.6);discharge: 遣
走(某人),让(某人)离去;也指正式“释放”。 The store had to _
__ (lay off/lay out/lay aside/lay down) a number of clerks
because sales were down.
3.scorn; scold; scent; score scorn: 轻蔑; scold: 责骂(指态度粗
暴,高声地骂他人); scent: 特有的气味,好闻的香味;score: 得
分,记下。 The woman is always ___ (scolding/scorning/
scoring) the children playing around her house.
4.involve; include involve: 包括;包含,指必然包括某种结果;be
involved in sth/with sb: 与某事(某人)有关连;include: 包括、包
含,指包括属于整体的部分。 He was considered to be ___
(involved/included) in criminal activities.
5.appoint; encounter; meet appoint: 任命,指定(时间,日期)
He was appointed to the manager of the marketing department.
encounter: 相会,遭遇(困难,危险等)或偶尔遇见(友人等); meet
(with):指无意或有意地相见或遇到,满足。 They ___ (met/
encountered) with misfortune that day.
6.intervene; interfere intervene (in/between): 干涉调停;(事
件)介入,在期间发生;interfere (with) 干扰,干涉,让人感到讨厌。
They were about to fight when their father ___ (interfered/
intervened).
7.initial; original initial; 起始的;original; 最初的,最早的 (CET6.
98.1)。 This is the ____ (initial/original/real/genuine) piano
on which the composer created some of his greatest works.
8.discern; decent; descend discern: 识别,辨认;decent: a.有分
寸的,合适的 (CET6.00.1.67);descend(descent n.):(位置
的)降落,下降 (CET6.97.1.43);decline: (比率)下降;变小,
变弱 (CET6.97.6.57)。 We managed to reach the top of the
mountain, and half an hour later we began to ___ (ascend/
descend/decline/discern).
9.dominant; dominate; prominent; predominant; distinguished
dominant: 有统治权的,最有势力的,占优势的;dominate: v.支配
(CET6.2000.1.44);prominent: 显著的;杰出的(CET6.98.
1.5796.6.66); predominant: 优势的,卓越的,流行的;
distinguished:卓越的,杰出的,指以卓越的成绩和优异的素质超越同
类之上。 Mr Bloom is not ___ (significant/dominant/magnificent
/prominent) now, but he will be famous some day. The book is
expected to ___ (exemplify/promote/prevail/dominate) the
bestseller lists.
10.enhance; ascend; strengthen; promote enhance: 提高,增加
(价值,力量等)(CET6.97.6); ascend: 上升,升高(CET6.98.
6);strengthen: 加强,强化; promote: 促进,增进友谊、产品销售等
(CET4.97.6)。 The reputation of the poet’s most recent works will
certainly ___ (strengthen/enhance/ascend/magnify) his
national reputation.
11.principal; major; principle; primary principal: a.主要的,n.
主要人物,中学校长;major: a.比较重要的,vi主修;principle: 原
则,原理;primary: 主要的第一的。 The ___ (principal/principle)
food of the Chinese is rice. Christina majored in foreign trade in
London University.
12.ultimate; final; eventual ultimate: 终极的,根本的,主要的;
final: 表示最后的,着重完结和最终结局;eventual: 最终的,结果的。
The sun is the ___ (ultimate/eventual/final) store of power.
13.incident; accident; invent; case incident:偶尔的(小)事件,
也指引起国际争端或战争的事件;accident: (意外)事故;invent: 特
别重要的事件(CET4.01.1.59);case: 案例(CET4.02.
1)。 The lawyer advised him to drop the ____ (event/incident/
case/affair) since he stands little chance to win.
14.explore; exploit; probe; expose explore: 探究(进一步了解发
现,学习);exploit: 利用或开发(资源);probe (into): 探查,细察
(某人的思想,某事的原因);expose: 使暴露揭露。 We have to _
__ (explore/exploit) that idea.
15.likely; alike; unlike likely: 有可能的(CET4.98.6);alike: 表语
形容词,相似的;unlike: 不像 (CET4.99.6)。 ___ (Unlike/
likely/alike/dislike) his sister, Jack is quiet and does not easily
make friends with others.

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