工商管理专业英语有关英语论文及翻译
Benchmarking of human resource management in the Public sector: Prospects, problems and challenges DavidM Akinnusi Organisational/Industrial Psychology and Human Resources Management North West University South Africa Correspondence to: David M Akinnusi e-mail: david.akinnusi@nwu.ac.za ABSTRACT This paper reviews the role of human resource management (HRM) which, today, plays a strategic partnership role in management. The focus of the paper is on HRM in the public sector, where much hope rests on HRM as a means of transforming the public service and achieving much needed service delivery. However, a critical evaluation of HRM practices in the public sector reveals that these services leave much to be desired. The paper suggests the adoption of benchmarking as a process to revamp HRM in the public sector so that it is able to deliver on its promises. It describes the nature and process of benchmarking and highlights the inherent difficulties in applying benchmarking in HRM. It concludes with some suggestions for a plan of action. The process of identifying “best” practices in HRM requires the best collaborative efforts of HRM practitioners and academicians. If used creatively, benchmarking has the potential to bring about radical and positive changes in HRM in the public sector. The adoption of the benchmarking process is, in itself, a litmus test of the extent to which HRM in the public sector has grown professionally. Keywords: benchmarking, benchmarking process, human resource
management, public sector, public sector management In any organised human activity, human beings naturally take precedence over other resources, as it is they and they alone who are capable of directing and utilising other resources. Effective human resource management (HRM) has, therefore, become crucial and critical to the achievement of individual, organisational, community, national and international goals and objectives. Ironically, even though human beings are widely considered as the most important assets of any organisation or nation, their development, motivation and utilisation have not always occupied the central place in management (Bendix, 1996, p. 4-10). In the history of management thought, the neglect of the human side of enterprise brought the scientific school of management to its knees and led to the rise of the human relations and the behavioural schools of thought which firmly succeeded in putting human beings as the core of management (Carrell, Elbert & Hartfield, 1995). In the practical world, the commodification or de-personalisation of human beings during the industrial revolution was also associated with the rise of trade union movements, leading to government interventions and regulations and the emergence of labour relations and personnel administration as fields of study (Bendix, 1995, p. 7). In the 1990s, personnel management metamorphosed into human resource management in clear recognition of its strategic role in the overall performance of organisations (Authur, 1994; Cascio, 1995; Huselid, 1995; Gerber, Nel & van Dyk, 1998).
THE STATE OF HRM IN SOUTH AFRICA The history of South Africa, rising from the ashes of the apartheid regime, is replete with cases of poor HRM, to the point of constricting its development more than a decade after its independence (Deputy President, Phumzile Mlambo-Ngcuka, 2006). The Deputy President while launching the Joint Initiative for Priority Skills Acquisition (JIPSA) remarked that:Nothing short of a skills revolution by a nation united will extricate us from the crises we face. We are addressing logjams, some of which are systemic and therefore in some cases entrenched even in post-apartheid South Africa. The systemic nature of some of our challenges undermine our excellent new policies, at least in the short term, hence the need for interventions such as JIPSAto enhance implementation of our policies (http://www.info.gov.za/speeches/2006/06032810451001.htm) Historically, South Africa has performed very poorly in practically all the criteria on the liability side of human resources balance sheet as measured by the World Competitiveness Ratings (1998, 1999). Some of these include equal opportunity, skilled labour, Aids, worker motivation, brain drain, unemployment, alcohol and drug abuse, values of the society, illiteracy, dependency ratio, human development index and competent managers. The field of labour relations (LR), like its human resources counterpart, reflects the country’s socio-political history which was characterised by deep divisions along racial and political lines, discrimination, unfair labour practices and gross distortions in the labour market systems, resulting in serious confrontations between the social partners and perennial industrial unrest (Bendix, 1996, p. 71-104). These stark realities have prompted the democratic government to enact a series of laws designed to bring radical changes in the areas of HRM and labour relations. Some of these include: ● Occupational Health and Safety Act No 85 of 1993 ● Labour Relations Act 66 of 1995 and Labour Relations Amendment Act No 127 of 1998
工商管理专业英语
一、名词解释1. The plan of action is, at one and the same time, the result envisaged, the line of action to be followed, the stages to go through, and methods to use.2. Human needs are states of felt deprivation. Humans have manly complex needs. These include basic physical needs for food, clothing, warmth, and safety; social needs for belonging and affection; and individual needs for knowledge and self-expression.3. Customer value is the difference between the values the customer gains from owning and using a product and the costs of obtaining the product.4. Place, another key marketing-mix tool, includes the various activities the company undertakes to make the product accessible and available to target customers.5. Group technology is a concept that currently is attracting a lot of attention from the manufacturing community.6. Issuing bank is obligated to honor drawings under the L/C regardless of the buyer’s ability or willingness to pay.7. Letter of credit is an instrument issued by a bank on behalf of the importer (buyer) promising to pay the exporter (beneficiary)upon presentation of shipping documents in compliance with the terms stipulated therein.8. Leader ship is a personal relationship in which one person directs, coordinates, and supervises others in the performance of a common task.9. Advising bank. The correspondent bank in the beneficiary’s country to which the issuing bank sends the L/C is commonly referred to as the “advising”.10. Marketing mix is one of the key concepts in modern marketing theory. Marketing mix is the set of marketing tools that the firm uses to pursue its marketing objectives in the target market.11. Total quality management means a comprehensive approach to quality by everyone in an organization to provide customers with reliable products and services.二、简答1. What are the features of a good plan of action? P30一个好的行动计划有什么特点：（1）统一性，即一个既能面向整体又能顾及各个部分的行动计划。
工商管理学专业论文范文3篇
⼯商管理学专业论⽂范⽂3篇⼯商管理专业双语教学研究论⽂论⽂摘要：随着经济全球化趋势的进⼀步加强，⼯商管理类专业的国际化要求越来越⾼。
培养具有国际视野的管理⼈才变得更加迫切。
⼯商管理类专业实施双语教学则是⼀条⾛向国际化的有效途径。
本⽂主要探讨了⼯商管理类专业实施双语教学的必要性，形式以及难点，最后提出了在双语教学过程中的⼏点建议。
论⽂关键词：⼯商管理类专业；双语教学；教学形式教育要⾯向现代化、⾯向世界、⾯向未来，这是我国⾼等教育发展的必然趋势。
进⼊新世纪，尤其是2001年我国加⼊WTO 后，全球化浪潮对我国⾼等教育的影响越来越明显，⽽对⼯商管理类专业的冲击更⼤。
全球化也是⾼等学校培养的管理⼈才⽴⾜国内、⾛出国门的重要体现。
对⼯商管理类专业的学⽣推⾏双语教学，是适应我国⾼等教育国际化趋势的发展需要，也是培养具有国际合作意识、国际交流与竞争能⼒的外向型管理⼈才的重要举措。
⼀、双语教学的基本内涵根据英国著名的朗曼出版社出版的《朗曼应⽤语⾔学词典》所给的定义是：TheUSeofasecondorforeignlanguageinschoolfortheteachingofcontent$ubject80所谓双语教学，即⽤⾮母语进⾏部分或全部⾮语⾔学科的教学，其实际内涵因国家、地区不同⽽存在差异。
在加拿⼤，双语教学⼀般指在英语地区⽤法语授课的教学形式。
在美国，双语教学⼀般指⽤西班⽛语进⾏的学科教学。
在澳⼤利亚，双语教学是指⽤⾮母语（英语）进⾏的部分学科教学。
在中国，双语教学是指除汉语外，⽤⼀门外语作为课堂主要⽤语进⾏学科教学，⽬前绝⼤部分是⽤英语。
国际通⾏的⼀般意义的双语教学是指在教育过程中，有计划、有系统地使⽤两种语⾔作为教学媒体，使学⽣在整体学识、两种语⾔能⼒以及这两种语⾔所代表的⽂化学习及成长上，均能达到顺利⽽⾃然的发展。
⼆、⼯商管理类专业实施双语教学的必要性随着国际贸易、国际投资的进⼀步深⼊，世界经济正朝⼀体化的⽅向加速发展。
工商管理专业英文简历范文(带翻译)
工商管理专业英文简历范文Personal informationyjbysGender: maleEthnic composition: the han nationality of birth: July 5, 1992Marital status: singleHeight: 180 cm weight: 180 kgRegistration: fujian putian Home now: fujian putian city liboGraduate school: south fujian normal university education: bachelor degreeProfessional title: management class graduated from business administration year: 2016Work experience: within a year The highest title:objectiveJob nature: full postJob categories: writing/news/spread/publications/print,radio/television/media, hospitality/tourismJob title: copy editors, photography assistant, English op;Work areas: - putian city, fujian province, fujian - putian city, fujian - putian city;Salary: 3000-4000 yuan/month Can be negotiable. Do not need to provide housingStarting time: two weeksEducation and trainingEducation background:Time to school educationIn September 2012 - June 2016 Minnan normal university undergraduate courseWork experienceCompany: xiamen exhibition conference center hotelTime range: in February 2016 - May 2016The company properties: the state-owned enterprisesIndustry:Position: front desk receptionJob description: responsible for the reception of convention of team and individual check-in, check-out and drawing room and information servicesLeaving reason: the end of the school internshipCompany: xiamen, fuzhou and tour exhibition business services co., LTDTime range: August 2016 - November 2016Company nature: joint stock companyIndustry:Position: English opJob description: responsible for the foreign guests team travel offersLeaving reason:Other informationSelf assessment: I am a business school student and have general knowledge of professional, after graduation is also engaged in the related work of professional individuals without that kind of heartfelt passion for service industry, to work, not work as it is very difficultto stick to the power, it is very important. Also has a personal sense of responsibility, meticulous are necessary, you can try to reduce the mistakes in the work. Hope to entering the society can have an opportunity and learning platform, and grow up with the colleagues.中文翻译个人信息yjbys性别：男民族：汉族出生年月： 1992年7月5日婚姻状况：未婚身高： 180cm 体重： 80kg户籍：福建莆田现所在地：福建莆田荔城区毕业学校：闽南师范大学学历：本科专业名称：管理类工商管理毕业年份： 2016年工作经验：一年以内最高职称：求职意向职位性质：全职职位类别：写作/新闻/传播/出版/印刷,广播/影视/媒体,酒店/旅游职位名称：文案编辑，摄影助理，英文op ;工作地区：福建-莆田市区,福建-莆田市区,福建-莆田市区 ;待遇要求： 3000-4000元/月可面议 ; 不需要提供住房到职时间：两周内教育培训教育背景：时间所在学校学历2012年9月 - 2016年6月闽南师范大学本科工作经历所在公司：厦门会展会议中心酒店时间范围： 2016年2月 - 2016年5月公司性质：国有企业所属行业：担任职位：总台接待工作描述：负责接待会议团队以及散客的入住，退房，延房和问询服务离职原因：学校实习结束所在公司：厦门厦旅会展商务服务有限公司时间范围： 2016年8月 - 2016年11月公司性质：股份制企业所属行业：担任职位：英文op工作描述：负责境外客人的团队行程报价离职原因：其他信息自我评价：我是一名商学院的学生，对专业有大体的了解，毕业后也从事过专业相关的工作，个人对于服务行业没有那种由衷的热情，之于工作，没有了它很难有坚持工作的动力，这一点非常重要。
英语翻译工商管理商务英语实务教程（Englishtranslation,businessman..
英语翻译工商管理商务英语实务教程（English translation, business management, business English, practical course）单元1为什么学习管理？为什么学管理？学习管理很重要，有两个原因。
首先，我们的社会依靠专门的机构和组织提供我们所需要的商品和服务。
这些组织的引导和指导下的一个或多个人命名为“经理”的决定。
在市场经济中，它是管理者分配社会资源的不同甚至相互竞争的结束。
学习管理有两个重要的原因。
第一，我们的社会取决于各种专门的机构和组织提供我们需要的商品和服务。
这些组织是有一个或多个”管理者”的决定指挥的在市场经济，是管理者分配社会的各种资源给各种各样的而且往往相互竞争终端。
管理人员有责任和责任建造安全或不安全的产品，寻求战争或和平，建造或摧毁城市，或清理或污染环境。
管理者为我们提供工作、收入、生活方式、产品、服务、医疗保健和知识等条件。
很难找到一个既不是经理也不受经理决定影响的人。
管理者有权力也有责任做出安全或者不安全的产品，发动争战或者寻求和平，清理或者污染环境。
管理者为我们就业、收入、生活方式、产品、服务、卫生保健和知识提供必要条件。
很难找到任何一个人既不是一个管理者也不受管理者决策的影响。
第二，没有受过经理培训的个人往往会找到管理职位。
许多人目前正在训练成为教师、会计师、音乐家、售货员、艺术家，医生，或律师会一天谋生作为管理。
他们将管理学校、会计师事务所、管弦乐队、销售组织、博物馆、医院和政府机构。
美国是一个组织社会，它的大约1600万个组织必须有经理。
第二，不是管理者的人也发现他们的职位要运用管理知识。
许多人目前被培训成老师、会计师、音乐家、销售人员、艺术家、医生或律师，他们有朝一日都可能成为管理者。
他们将管理学校、会计师事务所、乐队、销售机构、博物馆、医院甚至政府机构。
美国是一个有组织的社会，它的大约1600万个组织机构必须有管理者。
工商管理英语,雷涯邻,U1A-U6A,重点句子翻译,考试汇总版,北信科工商
翻译句子（原文部分）A business must anticipate when it will need cash and make sure it has access to cash at critical times. 74A trademark is a distinctive mark, motto, device, or emblem that its creator stamps, prints, or otherwise affixes to the goods it produces so that they may be identified on the market and their origin vouched for. 26According to the marketing company era view of business, the entire organization is structured to discover and respond to what customers want in the products and services the company creates and offers for sale. 67Advertising differs from personal selling in that the seller cannot gauge the reaction of the buyer to the advertising message. 72After the screening process is done and hiring decisions are made, it is necessary to place the employees. 53An a ppreciation of the organization’s strategy helps all of its members relate their work assignments more closely to the direction of the organization and influence that direction in a positive manner. 31But the logistics of delivering those appliances, maintaining the fleet of vehicles to make the deliveries (either as part of the company’s support staff or outsourced to third-party vendors), and tracking inventories to manage supply and demand are also part of the “place” decisions that fall under the 4Ps of marketing. 69By knowing what is supposed to be done within a particular job, an organization is able to better look for employees who possess the necessary knowledge, skills, abilities, and other characteristics required for a job that it is seeking to fill. 48By the 1930s enough manufacturers had successfully increased production to the point that most industries in Western countries had greater capacity to produce than was supported by demand among their potential customers. 58By way of example, the government has declared that employment discrimination based on race, sex and national origins is illegal under the Civil Rights Act of 1964, subjecting companies to damage claims and other penalties for discriminatory employment conditions they aloe to exist.23Care must be taken to use all of these sources of funding carefully so that future opportunities are not overly compromised by poor decisions made in the past. 14Commoditization refer to the increasing difficulty firms have distinguishing their products and services from those of their rivals. 44Contract law seeks to assure that promises under private agreements are enforceable and that parties under a contract honor their respective obligations. 27Debates over the nature of the organization’s competitive advantage, its mission, and whether or not a strategic plan is really needed can be widespread. 32During the sales era, most companies taught sales people aggressive selling techniques that focused on overcoming potential resistance on the part of buyers. 59Each of the stakeholders have slightly different value interests in the business, but only when all of the stakeholders are satisfied is the business likely to be successful. 10Each of the sub-systems (sub-processes) can impact each other and the overall system at one and the same time. 5Firms can become proactive by choosing to operate in environments where opportunities and threats match the firms’ strengths and weaknesses. 40Following a discussion of this evolution, it will be possible to offer a modern definition of marketing as it is operationalized in American business practice. 57For example, an employee in a company’s research and development department may attend a trade show where a new product or production process idea that seems relevant to the company is discussed. 42For example, many companies have switched from product containers that are not biodegradable to ones that are made from recyclable paper that are biodegradable. 73For example, the success of Japanese car manufacturers, particularly Toyota and Honda, in capturing large shares of the US automobile market is due in large part to the constant effort of these companies to build cars with the features American consumers want. 62For instance asking a potential employee if they enjoy working with others might be a useful question to ask someone seeking a job as a customer service representative but not as useful for a programmer who might be expected to work for hours at a time with little human interaction-it might actually be a negative indicator for the computer programmer. 54For instance, if a party to enter in to the contract, that would form the basis of undue influence and would make the contract voidable at the option of the threatened part. 29Future cash inflows are discounted at an appropriate rate which for an average risk project is the firm’s cost of capit al. 79Hindu law is prominent primarily in India where it exists alongside secular law derived from the British Common Law. 22However, the comprehensive, systematic model proposed herein is presented as a starting point for understanding the strategic management process. 36However, the type of formal, systematic strategic planning proposed in this text is not without its critics. 35Human resource planning is where the human resource management strategy and the organization mission come together in determining the numbers and skill sets needed for employees based upon the future plans of the organization. 51If one firm deviates from the industry norm and implemented a new, successful strategy, other firms would rapidly mimic the higher-performing firm by purchasing the resources, competencies, or management talent that have made the leading firm so profitable. 39If the value of assets exceeds the value of liabilities and equity, the firm requires external financing to that extent. 75In fact, increasing the retention ratio from 50% to 80% eliminates the need for external funds ad AFN equals 0. 76In the marketing company era, overall business strategy is developed with extensive participation by the marketing department and the use of marketing research to help the company decide how to better serve customers. 61IO assumes that an organization’s performance and ultimate survival depend on its ability to adapt to industry forces over which it has little or no control. 38It emphasizes the principle of stare decisis, that is, the authority of prior decisions in resolving current cases. 19It is in the context of this more complicated view of how businesses operate in an increasinglycompetitive and global environment, that we can now offer a definition of marketing. 68It is rather that profit is defined differently and the resources to produce that profit are acquired somewhat differently. 16It occurs, for example, when Amazon. Com suggests top-selling books for customers at its web site based on previous product searches or purchases. 45It often requires modification as environmental or organizational conditions change, or as top management’s ability to interpret these changes improves. 34Many businesses find that the detail of the pro forma statements is worth the time it takes to construct them. 77Modern human resources management practice has a dual heritage developing out of Scientific Management and the notion of personnel work as improving the welfare of employees. 47Most companies have them all at some time in the company life cycle. 8Most of accounting is done by accountants who are employees of the business. 13Not all companies have every one of these stakeholders at any given time. 7NPV is simply the present value of expected future cash inflows minus the initial investment. 78 Objective evidence must be shown to demonstrate the existence of a contract in order for an aggrieved party to succeed in a claim for breach of contract. 28Of the types of organizational capital upon which an organization depends its focus is on the human capital as opposed to the financial capital or the physical capital. 46Only the major stakeholders will be introduced but not covered in detail. 9Punishment for violations is fast and sometimes harsh by western standards. 21Resource-based theory is applied directly to the internal analysis phase and the effort to identify an organization’s resources that could lead to sustained competitive advantage. 41Selling activities expanded to include more impersonal forms of communication and organization created marketing departments to coordinate all the selling activities of the firm.60Some organizations only consider external applicants (people not yet employees of the organization) for entry-level positions so in such a situation if seeking more senior employees in such a case the organization need only advertise internally (for individuals already employed by the organization who may be seeking career advancement). 52Staff functions in contrast are not traditionally directly involved in the production of products or services. 65Strategic management is a broader term that includes top management’s analysis of the environment in which the organization operates prior to formulating a strategy, as well as the plan for implementation and control of the strategy. 33Substantive law is concerned with the laws that define, describe, regulate and create the rights and responsibilities of the parties to a lawsuit. 24That is the very nature of business for that is the only way to sustain a livelihood. 3The business signs an indemnity contract with an insurance company agreeing to make regular cash payments called premiums in exchange for a promise by the insurer to reimburse the company if the property is damaged or destroyed by perils such as fire or flood. 80The central tenet of industrial organization theory is the nation that a firm must adapt to influences in its industry to survive and prosper, and thus its financial performance is primarily determined by the success of the industry in which it competes. 37The first may be thought of as research, the second may be thought of as teaching and the third asservice.56The lack of consumer knowledge, as well as the lack of time and expertise required to pursue it, results in higher selling prices for many of the retailers. 43The line functions are activities which create the product or service that the company sells at a profit. 64The means of transforming input into outputs is by means of business processes. 6The predominant characteristic of Common Law is its dependence on judicial decisions, developed over a period of time. 18The role of court decisions, is minimized, although this is changing as these systems are influenced by court decisions in Common Law countries. 20The sanctions against a defendant in civil cast are generally monetary whereas in criminal court the penalties include not only fines but imprisonment or even execution (in the case of a capital offense). 25The strategic challenges it faces are usually ambiguous and unstructured, requiring its managers to understand the relationships among the organization’s parts and chart a course for moving it forward. 30There are a number of definitions of English word business. 1These tools are referred to as a mix because how they are combined, in what order, proportion, and relative importance is usually customized by the seller with the intention of optimizing the overall effectiveness of the selling/marketing activity. 71They also must then go through refresher courses at predetermined intervals in order to ensure that they remain combat ready and that they do not forget what they were trained to do and how they are supposed to do what they are trained to do, 55They are circular in nature as opposed to the linear type of relationship that is assumed in the process concept. 4This process is further complicated by the need to accomplish this while enabling the business to meet its profit. 11Thus price-related decisions are concerned with not only supply and demand issues but also with how perceptions of price relate to how customers may distinguish a product from its competition.70To a large extent, this view of marketing as a staff function holds true in the marketing company era. 66Traditionally, businesses have considered line functions as those activities that directly relate to the production of the goods or services that are sold by the firm. 63We will attempt to identify and define the components of this definition. 2While each system provides unique information for the business, they are generally integrated to provide management with the information necessary to make reasoned decisions. 15While there is some overlap-both require that one be able to manage time effectively-typing is likely a more highly valued skill for the administrative assistant while lecturing/teaching/speaking in front of audiences would likely be more important for the professor. 50While these categories are, of course, an oversimplification, with much overlapping, a company doing business in a legal system different from its own must learn the perimeters of the foreign law. 17Without the systematic study of what SHOULD be done within a job, employees involved in thehiring process are more likely to introduce personal bias, prejudices, and other non-job relevant information possibly leading to a less than optimal hiring decision. 49Without t hese reports, it would not be possible to accurately inform the stakeholders on the overall health of the business. 12翻译句子（翻译部分）1.英语单词business有许多定义。
经营的英文作文模板
经营的英文作文模板Running a business is not easy. It requires a lot of hard work and dedication. You have to be willing to put in long hours and make sacrifices in order to succeed. It's not for the faint of heart, that's for sure.There are so many different aspects to consider when running a business. You have to think about marketing, sales, finance, operations, and so much more. It can be overwhelming at times, but it's also incredibly rewarding when things start to come together.One of the most important things in business isbuilding relationships. Whether it's with customers, suppliers, or employees, having strong relationships is crucial. It's all about trust and mutual respect, and it can make a huge difference in the success of your business.Another key aspect of running a business is staying on top of the latest trends and developments in your industry.You have to be constantly learning and adapting in order to stay competitive. It's a fast-paced world out there, and if you're not willing to evolve, you'll get left behind.Of course, one of the biggest challenges of running a business is dealing with uncertainty. You never know what's going to happen next, and you have to be prepared for anything. It can be stressful, but it's also what keeps things exciting and keeps you on your toes.At the end of the day, running a business is all about taking risks. You have to be willing to step out of your comfort zone and try new things. It's not always easy, but it's the only way to grow and succeed. And when you do succeed, it's the best feeling in the world.。
有关求职信的高中英语作文加翻译_高中英语作文_
有关求职信的高中英语作文加翻译在求职时，难免要写求职信，那么英文的求职信的格式是怎样的呢?下面，是小编为你整理的有关求职信的高中英语加翻译，希望对你有帮助!有关求职信的高中英语作文加翻译篇1Dear Sir or Madam,亲爱的先生或女士，I am senior from the Department of Business Administration of Beijing University. I am writing the letter in purpose of applying for admission into your esteemed institution/your recently advertised position for a staff member.我从北京工业大学工商管理系高级。
我写这封信的目的，申请入读贵机构/广告位置的一名工作人员。
考研英语作文I am sure that I am qualified for it. First, enclosed with this letter is my resume, which further details my previous academic qualifications and work experience. Second, not only do my qualifications and experience make me a perfect candidate for it, my cheerful personality is well suited to studying in your prestigious university/working as a staff member. Last, my hobbies include sports and music.我相信我有能力胜任它。
商务英语专业毕业论文范文精选
商务英语专业毕业论文范文精选随着全球经济一体化的发展，商务英语在当今社会日益重要，因此各高校都纷纷开设商务英语专业。
下面是店铺为大家整理的商务英语专业毕业论文，供大家参考。
商务英语专业毕业论文篇一：《商务英语写作能力培养思考》[摘要]商务英语写作能力是对外贸易活动中一项非常重要的能力，走访企业和问卷调查表明用人单位对商务英语专业毕业生的写作能力满意度并不高。
从校企合作模式角度来探讨如何更好地培养商务英语专业人才，以期为高校商务英语专业人才培养提供一定的借鉴意义。
[关键词]商务英语写作能力;人才培养模式;问卷调查及走访随着中国与世界各国的经济贸易往来日趋频繁，企业需要大量既掌握国际贸易商务知识与技能，又具有扎实的语言基本功和跨文化交际与沟通能力的复合型英语人才。
商务英语写作能力则成为国际贸易企业相互沟通、促进业务开展、顺利达成交易、建立友好合作关系等贸易活动的重要桥梁。
作为国际电子商务有效沟通的重要途径之一，商务英语写作能力在国际贸易中起着非常重要作用。
明确、清晰、积极、有人情味、有说服力电子商务邮件和沟通是有效的润滑剂，能够帮助克服文化障碍，是英语核心能力之一。
因此，商务英语写作能力对外贸从业人员尤为重要。
笔者以南京市100家中对外贸易企业作为研究对象，通过问卷调查和企业走访，发现目前的用人单位对新进人才的商务英语写作能力满意度并不高，本研究试图从校企合作视角探讨商务英语写作能力培养的有效模式。
一、现状及其问题商务英语写作能力包括一般贸易信函、贸易流程信函、商务社交信函、公司内部信函、及求职任职信函。
[1]89参考目前的本科及高职院校的商务英语专业人才培养方案以及一些学者的研究[2]34-41[3]30-34，问卷精选了与目前高校开设的商务英语课程内容相关度极高的8种商务写作知识与技能，下表是用人单位对这8种商务英语写作知识与技能满意度的评价。
表1企业对毕业生“商务写作知识与技能”的满意度(单位%)表1表明用人单位对商务英语专业从业人员的商务英语写作知识与能力的总体满意度不高，除了收发英文电子邮件以外，其他7种技能满意率都较低。
商务英语专业论文选题
商务英语专业论文选题.txt6宽容润滑了彼此的关系，消除了彼此的隔阂，扫清了彼此的顾忌，增进了彼此的了解。
DUDU网络推广平台论文是商务英语专业教学计划的最后一个环节，也是对学生２年半学期各门课程学习效果的检查．其主要目的是：1、培养学生的英语阅读、写作能力及运用商务知识分析问题和解决问题的能力，达到学以致用的目的。
2、检查学生对所学专业理论知识和基本技能的掌握程度，并将论文成绩作为学生能否毕业的主要依据之一。
3、训练学生搜集运用资料的技能，同时培养学生理论联系实际，增强独立思考问题和解决问题的能力。
二、论文写作要求：1、以英文/汉语完成论文写作。
2、字数要求不低于3000个单词或字, 统一采用Ａ４（２１０x２９７mm）页面复印纸单面打印．其中上边距２.8cm，下面距2.5cm,左边距2.5cm，右边距2.5cm，页眉1.6cm页脚1.5cm 装订线0.5cm．字间距为标准，行间距为1.2５倍行距．页眉内统一为：用５号宋体3、论文的内容要与本专业所要求的知识和技能相结合，要求论述者阅读一定量的英文和中文资料，能够对所有的资料进行合理删减、组织和编辑，掌握论文撰写的结构与布局。
要求语言流畅，层次清晰，论点明确，论据充分。
具有以下特性:1) 科学性:观点正确,论据充分可靠,结构合理,能反映出学生对本学科知识系统掌握的程度及其某一问题有较深理解很认识2) 实用性:选题应该具有现实意义和学术价值,应该体现出分析问题解决问题的能力水平3) 逻辑性:论证应该有力,层次应该分明,逻辑应该严密,结构应该完整合理4) 技术性:应该具有收集整理运用材料的能力,语言表达应该清晰准确,格式应该规范4、写作时间安排：１月１４日：学生与导师见面选题和开题１月１５日－３月２５日学生写作，提交提纲，初稿，导师修改并将完成情况向系里汇报３月３１号前根据导师的修改意见完成第二稿交导师修改４月７号前完成定稿并按照要求打印装订成册．打印３份，交系里２份４月８号－４月１３号准备答辩，原则上采用英语答辩２００７年４月１４号论文答辩，原则上采用英语答辩5:论文成绩评定:采用5级记分制,及优秀,良好,中等,及格和不及格五等.其中优秀没，良好等次的人数分别按不高于15%,20%的比例评定.终结成绩必须经指导老师学院毕业论文指导小组认定.6：特别说明：毕业论文写作是严肃的事情．严禁抄袭剽窃他人论文．一经发现此次论文成绩判为０分．三、论文选题方向：1、商务英语教学改革的方向，途径，课程设置等2、商务英语教学在新形势下的影响和意义；3、我国贸易的现状及其发展方向4、商务英文翻译技巧；5、江西招商引资探讨及其对策6．ＷＴＯ保护期过后对我国的影响；四、论文设计与拟定的程序：1、指导教师的帮助下，根据本指导书提供的选题范围，从中选择论文方向，确定题目。
工商管理英文求职信范文
工商管理英文求职信工商管理英文求职信范文时光在流逝，从不停歇，新一轮的'招聘又在朝我们招手，此时是不是该好好写写求职信呢？那么怎样写好求职信呢？下面是小编帮大家整理的工商管理英文求职信范文，希望对大家有所帮助。
工商管理英文求职信范文1Dear Sir / Madam,Hello!Thank you for your busy schedule to read my job search information.My name is x, is a big Sun Yat-sen University of fresh graduates in20xx, access to School of Management and the Division of Business Administration School of Information and Scientific Computing double degree. On the occasion of a time when career out of your organization's admirers and a reasonable assessment of their conditions, especially to you for a serious self-recommended!Four-year college career, I achieved a life on the road a qualitative leap. In this well-known by the national key universities, the learned friend, teachers, peers to me brilliant way of thinking to unlimited inspiration; strong academic atmosphere, a rich collection of resources has given me sufficient knowledge of nutrition; open, well-developed coastal environment broaden my horizons and enriched my experience.Four-year period in school, I have been working hard to enrich themselves. In order to achieve both "professionals" and "Bo" The purpose of the study, on the one hand, I strive to learn professional knowledge, a comprehensive study of the economic base theory, the system of enterprise management to master theprofessional knowledge, while in the second degree of learning and wider learning the computer and the calculation of the relevant scientific knowledge. In addition, I also accepted the business English and computer web design, image processing, training courses, and involved in extra-curricular reading literature, philosophy and other fields, up to now I have been working hard t o expand their own.Today, I am confident, calm and to accept the test community. Although I still have deficiencies, but I will be done "practical work, and strive to forge ahead," the work in the future continue to tap the potential of inpiduals to achieve self-social values, I have full confidence and courage to face the difficulties and setbacks, because I believe that: "the attitude and action is everything!"Was enclosed my curriculum vitae. Wish to benefit from face-to-face interview, thank you!Sincerely!I wishSmooth!Truly yours,xxx工商管理英文求职信范文2Dear Sir or Madam,I am senior from the Department of Business Administration of Beijing University. I am writing the letter in purpose of applying for admission into your esteemed institution/your recently advertised position for a staff member.I am sure that I am qualified for it. First, enclosed with this letter is my resume, which further details my previous academic qualifications and work experience. Second, not only do myqualifications and experience make me a perfect candidate for it, my cheerful personality is well suited to studying in your prestigious university/working as a staff member. Last, my hobbies include sports and music.Words fail me when I try to express my heartfelt gratitude to the help you rendered me. Your prompt and favorable attention to my inquiry would be highly appreciated.Yours sincerely,Li Ming工商管理英文求职信范文3Gentlemen,Because I believe that my sales background fits me for the position you advertised in Monday's newspaper, I ask that you consider my qualification.I was graduated from Beijing Commercial College in July 20xx. My experience has included two year as salesman in the Men's Clothing Department for DangDai; and three years in the Men's Shop for ShiDu, where I am still employed. My reason for wishing to make a change at this time is that there seems no opportunity for advancement in my present position, and I feel that my ability and training, as well as my interest in my work, should lead to advancement and a higher salary.I am happy to refer you upon your request people who can tell you of my work and my character.Truly yours,xxx。