如何做高中英语阅读理解中的推理判断题_教案

Reading Comprehension

—how to make inferences

Teaching aim:

To i mprove the students’ ability of make inferences

Teaching procedures:

Step One: Lead-in

1.How much time do you usually spend on this exam item?

2. 解读2011年高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求

要求考生读懂简易的英语文学作品、科普文章、公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章并回答相关问题。考生应能：

１、理解语篇主旨要义；

２、理解文中具体信息；

３、根据上下文推断生词的词义；

４、作出简单判断和理解；

５、理解文章的基本结构；

６、理解作者的意图和态度;

7 、根据所读，用恰当的词语补全文章提纲、概括关键内容或作关键词词语转换。3．How many question types are there in this exam item?

事实细节型；词义猜测型；推理判断型；主旨大意型

Step Two: Finding out ways

Give students a sample and then help them get the relative ways to solve each question type. Then let them do some practice.

1. How to infer the implied meanings(推断隐含意义)

【Sample】

It is fun to turn over a big rock on the beach. Make sure you turn the rock back to the position it was in after you moved it. If you don’t turn it back over, all the sea animals under it or clinging to（依附）the underside will die.

You can tell that rocks ________.(B)

A. hurt sea animals

B. protect sea animals

C. won’t be found on beaches

D. can’t be found on beaches

【解题技巧】

1.全面分析

2.忠实原文

3.不选表层信息

【Practice】

1). (2010江苏B)The real problem is that the areas where wolves can live are being used by people．Even if wilderness land is not used directly for human needs, the wolves can’t always find enough food. So they travel to the nearest source, which is often a farm. Then there is

danger. The“big bad wolf”has arrived! And everyone knows what happens next．

The last sentence“ And everyone knows what happens next” implies that in such cases.(B) A．farm animals will be in danger and have to be shipped away

B．wolves will kill people and people will in turn kill them

C．wolves will find enough food sources on farms

D．people will leave the areas where wolves can live

2). (2010全国卷II A）One day, as I was getting her food, Brownie chewed up(咬破) one of Dad’s shoes, which had to be thrown away in the end. I knew Dad would be mad and I had to let her know what she did w as wrong. When I looked at her and said, “Bad girl.” She looked down at the ground and then went and hid. I saw a tear in her eyes.

We can infer from Paragraph 2 that Brownie __.(B)

A. would eat anything when hungry

B. felt sorry for her mistake

C. loved playing hide-and-seek

D. disliked the author's dad

2. How to infer the author’s opinion and attitudes(推断作者观点或态度)

作者观点态度题的解题方法：作者的态度和立场一般分为三大类：支持、赞同、乐观；客观、中立；反对、批评、怀疑、悲观。同学们除了可以通过在文中寻找带有感情色彩的词来判断作者的态度外，有时还需要综合运用一些阅读方法，如：根据文章中与问题相关的细节做出判断，根据作者提供的例证推断其暗示的态度、观点，有时还需要同学们通读全文并把握文章的主旨，最后做出正确选择。

【Sample】

Why isn’t your newspaper reporting any good news？All I read about is murder, bribery(行贿)，and death. Frankly, I am sick of all the bad news.

This author’s attitude towards the newspaper reporting is to _____.(A)

A. complain

B. apologize

C. amuse

D. inform

【解题技巧】

1.注意作者表达感情色彩的形容词、副词、动词及所举的例子

2.推断出作者的弦外之音

3.站在作者的立场或角度

【描述作者态度的词】

objective; neutral; subjective; positive; negative; critical; pessimistic; optimistic; approving; disapproving; indifferent; ironic

下面我们以高考题为例，具体分析作者观点态度题的解题方法。

【Practice】

例1：

On the first day of my visit, we went out with one of my father's friends for lunch at an outdoor café. We walked along that afternoon, did some shopping, ate at the street table, and lauded over my son's funny facial expressions. Gone was my father's critical(挑剔的) air and strict rules. Who was this person I knew as my father, who seemed so friendly and interesting to be around?