Expedient Homemade Firearms - The 9mm Submachine Gun Schematics
比利时FN BDA9 9mm魅力详解
比利时FN BDA9 9mm魅力详解
赵丽琴;郭武奎;张平祥;张建明
【期刊名称】《轻兵器》
【年(卷),期】2005(000)05X
【摘要】比利时FN BDA9 9mm手枪，由比利时FN公司在9mm勃朗宁大威力M35手枪基础上改进而成。
其动作原理和M35一样，采用枪管短后坐式自动方式，枪管偏移式闭锁机构。
主要改进之处：增加了双动发射机构；在套筒两侧设有手动保险杆(兼作击锤待击解脱杆)；弹匣扣可安装在握把的任意一侧；增加了击针保险装置，可防止偶发事故；扳机护圈前部呈凹形，便于双手持枪射击。
【总页数】3页(P23-25)
【作者】赵丽琴;郭武奎;张平祥;张建明
【作者单位】无
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】TJ22
【相关文献】
1.比利时FN BDA-9式9mm手枪击发发射机构分析
2.前途不明的手枪口径小型化的代表作——比利时FN公司57手枪
3.图Sm∨Fn,Fm∨Fn与Wm∨Fn的第一类弱全色数
4.k=2t·3时不存在以(Fn-k,Fn,Fn)为边长的Fibonacci三角形
5.探索以(Fn-k,Fn,Fn)为边长的Fibonacci三角形
因版权原因，仅展示原文概要，查看原文内容请购买。
枪的保险Microsoft Office Word 文档
56半大家都熟悉，保险在扳机上，前推到底就是上保险。
M14A和M1保险也在扳机上，前推是击发态，後扳是保险
莫辛.纳干即53式的保险是拉後面的园钮，然後转向，卡在边上就处于保险态，
毛瑟98类型的枪，保险在枪栓後面，平放是击发态，立起来是保险态。
捷克布尔诺〔BRNO〕枪，保险在枪侧，前推保险，後扳露出红点为击发态。
英国〔INTERARM〕枪，保险也在枪侧，前後推，见红点就是击发态。
芬兰SAKO枪，与前面类似。
奥地利的STEYR-DAIMLER〔斯太尔-戴姆勒〕在上世纪五十年代出的一款步枪，有双重保险装置，右侧纽前後推，露出红点为击发态，枪栓上的保险片平放是击发，立起是保险态。
新手学打枪，第一条就是学习怎样安全用枪，首先要知道每种枪的安全不击发装置在哪里，(也就是我们叫“保险”的东西)它怎么用，大家别以为这是个简单问题，我玩枪时间不短了，在靶场看到一些老枪左看右看还真不知道它的“保险”在什么地方，马上请枪主介绍，更别说新型枪了。更是要多问多学习了。
先介绍步枪的“保险”，个人所知有限，希望大家上帖、上照片补充我的介绍。
哥伦比亚毛瑟，德国二战前为哥伦比Βιβλιοθήκη 军队生产的98，口径为30-06。
南斯拉夫毛瑟，口径为“七九”
瑞典的6.5mm口径96型步枪，保险与毛瑟大同小异，平放击发，立起保险。
日本38式与99式保险在枪栓尾部，向前推再顺时针转一下就位于保险态，解除时前推再反转回来，就是击发态，菊花尾有尖的是38式，凹形是99式。
毛瑟66的保险在枪栓後面的小园柱，左右推，露红色是击发态。
STEYR其他枪保险在右侧，前後推的。
人小鬼大_弹道修正引信让笨弹变聪明
海湾战争之后，美国空军利用ＧＰＳ技术研制了一种弹尾制导组件，将美国库存的大量老式炸弹改造为“杰达姆”制导炸弹，价格只有两万多美元，从而使其敢于放手使用。
精确制导武器使用比例在１９９１年海湾战争时仅为７％，到２００１年阿富汗“持久自由”行动时猛增到６５％。
其实，多年来美国陆军也在尝试为普通炮弹加装一种制导组件，即弹道修正引信，开发自己的“杰达姆”。
弹道修正引信可适用于各种１５５和１０５毫米炮弹，拧在弹上即可使用，而且成本低廉（从１０００至３０００美元不等）。
正在研制中的弹道修正引信有多种，其中包括距离与方向修正（二维）式、距离修正（一维）式和更为简单的试射式。
近年来，随着微机电系统（ＭＥＭＳ）和坚固耐用的小型保密ＧＰＳ接收机的发展，微型化以及抗大过载难题已逐渐克服，各国弹道修正引信研制呈现蓬勃之势。
美国 始作俑者关于在炮弹上应用ＧＰＳ技术的设想，最初是美国在２０世纪８０年代提出的，目的是研制自动试射弹，即在弹鼻锥部装有ＧＰＳ转换器，将飞行中弹丸的位置发回设在炮兵阵地或火炮上的计算机。
这样，射弹的实际弹道就可以标绘出来并与预测弹道相比较，从而可推算出下一发“笨”炮弹的修正量。
到１９９２年，陆军研究实验室内部产生了进一步发展这一技术的想法，具体内容包括以不同的方式为远程火炮系统提供自主的ＧＰＳ导航（例如自主修正）功能、引信定位功能（以最接近的特定坐标位置为基础）和战斗识别功能，或者提供用于弹道描述的靶场测量引信。
后来，陆军研究实验室的工作被并入“低成本有能力弹药”（ＬＣＣＭ）技术基础项目，由设在皮克汀尼兵工厂的美陆军装备研究、发展与工程中心（ＡＲＤＥＣ）领导。
１９９４年，ＡＲＤＥＣ开始积极推进基于ＧＰＳ的自动修正阻力器式（一维距离修正式）和制导式（距离和方向二维修正式）引信研究工作。
一维和二维修正均要依靠对ＧＰＳ和惯性测量数据的处理，前者通过展开某种形状的空气动力减速板，后者通过控制可操纵的鸭式舵来实现弹道修正效果。
koco螺柱焊机使用说明书
Operating ManualKÖCO Compact Stud Welding EquipmentELOTOP8021002170220023002KÖCO Stud Welding GunsCLASSICSK 12K 22K 22-DK 24K 26This operating manual has the part-no. 399-0212-000Declaration of Conformity ECProducer:Köster & Co. GmbHSpreeler Weg 32EnnepetalD-58256Designation of Product: Stud welding equipment series ELOTOP 802 to 3002 withstud welding gun series CLASSIC SK 12 to K 26The above mentioned equipment complies with the requirements of the following directives:Directive 98/37/EC relating to machineryDirective 73/23/EEC amended by 93/68 relating to electrical equipment designed for use within certain voltage limitsDirective 89/336/EEC amended by 91/263/EEC, 92/31/EEC and 93/68/EEC relating to electromagnetic com-patibilityThe above mentioned products observes the following European Standards and therefore compliy with the above mentioned directives:EN 60 204-1 “Electrical equipment of machines“EN 60 974-1 “Safety requirements of arc welding equipment“EN 50 199 “Electromagnetic compatibility - Product standard for arc welding equipment“Köster & Co. GmbHSpreeler Weg 32D-58256 EnnepetalEnnepetal, 2002-04-02SignatureTable of ContentsOperating Manual KÖCO Compact Stud Welding Equipment ELOTOP 802 1002 1702 2002 3002 1 KÖCO Stud Welding Guns CLASSIC SK 12 K 22 K 22-D K 24 K 26 1 Declaration of Conformity EC 2 Table of Contents 3 1Introduction 5 1.1Information for the User 5 1.2Safety Instructions 51.2.1Personal Safety 51.2.2Operational Safety of the Equipment 61.2.3Safety When Working 6 2Drawn Arc Stud Welding 8 2.1Technical Data on ELOTOP Power Sources 9 2.2The Power Source 10 2.3The Welding Gun 10 2.4Technical Data on Stud Welding Guns CLASSIC 11 2.5Setting Guidelines for welding with ceramic ferrule or shielding gas 12 2.6Setting guidelines for short cycle stud welding without weld pool protection or with shielding gas 13 2.7Material requirements 13 3Working with the stud welding equipment 14 3.1Requirements before starting-up 14 3.2Starting-up of the welding gun 14 3.3Starting-up of the Power Source 16 3.4Selecting of settings 16 3.5Welding 17 3.6Weld Testing 17 3.7Maintenance of the Welding Power Source 19 3.8Maintenance of the Welding Gun 19 3.9Maintenance of Welding and Control Cables 19 3.10Shutting-Down 19 4Remedies for Malfunctions 20 4.1Error signals of the Power Source 20 4.2Other Malfunctions 21 5Pictures of the Power Sources ELOTOP 23 6Spare Parts for Welding Power Sources ELOTOP 29 7Pictures of Stud Welding Guns CLASSIC 318Spare Parts for Stud Welding Guns CLASSIC 35 8.1Spare parts list gun SK 12 35 8.2Spare parts list guns K 22, K 22-D, K 24, K 26 36 9Pictures of Cables 38 10Cable Spare Part List 39 11Schematic Circuit Diagrams 40 12Accessories 46 12.1Gun accessories for stud welding guns K 22 to K 26 46 12.2Gun accessories for Gun SK 12 59 13Literature 631 IntroductionDear User,With the KÖCO Stud Welding Equipment ELOTOP you have purchased an appliance of superior quality. It has been constructed according to latest technical principles and complies with all technical regulations and re-quirements in force at the time of delivery. To achieve trouble-free operation at all times we recommend that you observe the following instructions:Before starting-up carefully read through the complete manual and make sure that anyone on your staff handling or operating the appliance has also read and understood the instructions.The safety instructions must be followed at all times.Store this manual in a safe place, with easy access for anyone operating the appliance.Secure the machine against use by unauthorized persons.The appliance may only be operated by sufficiently qualified personnel.Have a trained electrician inspect the mains connection for correct fusing and earthing.if any malfunctions occur which you cannot remedy yourself, call our after-sales service.In case of accidents call for proper medical help, and if necessary, notify accident insurers and/or local trade supervision authorities.1.1 Information for the UserThe manual for your KÖCO stud welding equipment ELOTOP and the KÖCO stud welding guns CLASSIC con-tains any necessary instruction to the equipment, for safe carrying-out of stud welding operations and their as-sessment. All information supplied is given to the best of our knowledge, but without accepting any liability on our part. In particular, we cannot accept any responsibility for welding suitability of workpieces, nor for the suit-ability of the stud welding process for certain applications. In all of these cases reponsibility for welding results rests with the user.We shall be glad to assist you with any questions you may have concerning particular applications or remedies for malfunctions. Any suggestions on your part towards improving this operating manual will also be welcome.Instructions1.2 SafetyThe KÖCO stud welding equipment ELOTOP and the KÖCO stud welding gun CLASSIC is designed for use in drawn-arc stud welding only. It must not be used for any other purpose, with the exception of manual electrode welding, and then only if the appliance is equipped for this purpose. In particular, welding under water is strictly prohibited, nor is it permissible under any circumstances to use the appliance for thawing up frozen water pipes.1.2.1 PersonalSafetyKÖCO stud welding equipment ELOTOP and the KÖCO stud welding guns CLASSIC are approved for welding under increased electrically hazardous conditions, according to DIN EN 60974-1. For his own safety, the opera-tor must wear protective clothing during welding, which includes the following:Dry, insulating shoesNon-flammable, close-fitting working clothes (5) (leather apron)Leather glovesSafety goggles with an adequate degree of protectionA special helmet with neck protection while engaged in overhead weldingNo metallic jewellery (rings, chains, etc.) nor watches may be worn during welding.During the welding process, persons wearing heart pace-makers must be kept at a safe distance from the appliance and the welding cables, because the strong magnetic fields could endanger their lives.In addition to the above, all normal accident prevention regulations must be observed.1.2.2 Operational Safety of the EquipmentFor the mains connection only a suitable mains plug or a fixed mains connection may be used. The installation of a fixed mains connection (including fitting of the mains plug) may only be carried out by a trained electrician.All cable insulation must be in perfect condition. Cables with defective insulation must be replaced im-mediately. Welding cables may carry high currents. At points subject to bending, for example where the ca-ble enters the handle of the welding gun, there is always a risk of the cross-section being gradually reduced due to breakage of individual wires. When subjected to a high pulsed current, a cable thus weakened may suddenly arc over and burn out. This means a risk of burns to the operator, and of inflammable objects nearby being ignited.All parts of the housing must be firmly attached. Operation with an open housing is not permissible, because then there is no protection against touching live parts, and effective ventilation is also prevented.The insulating wheels (casters) must be in perfect condition. If these casters are removed in order to install the equipment in a fixed position, alternative insulation must be provided between the workpiece and the housing. If an electric connection between the workpiece and the housing exists during welding, this may, in case of malfunction, destroy the protective earth-line of the equipment.The interior of the appliance must be kept clean. Especially when working in dusty surroundings, dust will collect on parts of the equipment. Therefore, the housing should be opened at regular intervals (only af-ter first disconnecting the mains plug) and the dust blown out. This is vital in the case of metallic dust, be-cause it can lead to short circuits and thus cause damage to the components. Do not aim the jet of air at any pc boards, but remove the dust from these with a vacuum cleaner.Sufficient cooling. The cooling air is taken in at the bottom and blown out at the rear side. Provide suffi-cient facilities of air ventilation. Do not cover the ventilation openings.The welding gun must be in perfect condition. All connections in the welding circuit must be tight. Make sure that the chuck is firmly seated on the adapter screw and that the stud is firmly seated in the chuck.Otherwise contact scorching may result. Do not operate the gun without rear cap. For adequate protection against welding splashes and smoke the bellows protection must always seal perfectly.Electrical safety: Before opening the appliance always disconnect it from power supply by pulling out the mains plug, making sure that it is not possible to switch it on unintentionally. Prevent moisture or foreign substances from entering the power source. If this happens, the appliance must immediately be discon-nected from the mains power supply. The appliance should also be inspected by a qualified specialist at regular intervals, especially following any malfunction. Make sure that all markings remain visible!1.2.3 Safety When WorkingDo not operate the equipment in areas of fire or explosion danger. Remove all inflammable objects from the surroundings!Keep in mind that welding splashes are likely to ignite inflammable objects, for example cleaning rags soaked with oil, grease or solvent, or packing materials, even at several metres’ distance!In case of doubt check with the security officer in charge and obtain his release before commencing work! Make sure that the operating site has sufficient ventilation!Do not weld without air extraction on any workpieces which may release substances dangerous to health, such as coating materials, zinc, nickel, chromium or cadmium!Do not carry out welding on hollow objects which contain, or have contained, inflammable liquids or gases, or which are under pressure, or inside which a dangerous level of pressure can be generated by welding heat!The heat generated by welding may lead to the release of gases or vapours which are dangerous to health or even explosive. Specialized knowledge is required for this kind of work. Do not carry out such operations unless you possess the necessary knowledge!Keep at a safe distance from any equipment which might be affected by magnetic fields, such as EDP in-stallations (computers), cards with magnetic strips, or timepieces (wrist-watches)Do not weld on the same workpiece (welding potential) simultaneously with other types of welding ma-chines, especially those working with different poles or frequency (alternating current), or welding equipment with high voltage ignition, because this can adversely affect or damage the control unit of the stud welding appliance.Ensure that a flawless safe welding circuit is generated. The earthing cables should be firmly clamped onto the workpiece. If this is not possible or not desirable, make sure that there are no parts in contact with the welding circuit which can be damaged or destroyed by the welding current, such as crane hooks, rolling bearings, clamps with layers of partly insulating material, screws or rivets. Especially dangerous is the de-struction of protective conductors in other electric appliances when they come into contact with the welding current.Whenever the appliance must be placed on sloping ground, secure it against tipping over or rolling downhill. For transporting the equipment, use only the parts specially provided for this purpose. When lifting it by crane, this must be done by using the crane lug. Before attaching it, make sure that the nuts are properly tightened. The handles of the appliance are not designed for transporting it by crane.2 Drawn Arc Stud WeldingDrawn-arc stud welding is used for the welding of metallic parts, generally of cylindrical shape, onto metallic workpieces. For this purpose, a DC power source and a mobile device, the welding gun, are required. Depend-ing on the type of welding-pool protection and welding time range used, the appropriate process may be stud welding with a ceramic ferrule, stud welding with with shielding gas, or short-cycle stud welding, either with or without shielding gas.The welding procedure is illustrated below: Figure 1: Drawn-arc stud welding procedure Explanation:A: Stud welding with ceramic ferruleF: Ceramic ferruleP: ProtrusionL: LiftA 1:The stud contacts the workpiece.A 2: The stud is lifted off under current flow and thus the arc ignited.A 3: The drawn arc melts the tip of the stud and the portion of the workpiece di-rectly beneath it. At the end of welding time the stud is pressed (plunged) into the molten part of the workpiece.A 4: The melt solidifies, resulting in a firm cross-sectional weld. The ceramic ferrule is then removed.B: Stud welding with shielding gas. (B 1 equivalent to A 1)S: Shielding gas supplyC: Short-cycle stud welding with or without shielding gas (C 1 equivalent to A 1)T. Supporting tube2.1 Technical Data on ELOTOP Power SourcesTechnical data 802 1002 1702 2002 3002Stud welding with ceramic ferruleWeldable stud range Ø (mm)3 - 12 3 - 14 3 Ð 20 3 - 22 6 - 25 Short-cycle stud weldingWeldable stud range Ø (mm)3 - 8 3 - 10 3 - 12 3 - 12 6 - 12 Stud welding with shielding gas Weld-able stud range Ø (mm)3 - 10 3 - 12 3 - 16 3 - 16 3 - 16 Max. Current (A) 800 1100 1800 2300 3500 Stepless current adjustment range, (A) 50 - 750 150 - 1000150 - 1600 300 - 2000 300 - 2600 Stepless time adjustment range (ms) 20 - 600 20 - 1000 20 - 1500 20 - 1500 20 - 2000Max. weld rate in studs/min. for ... stud Ø (mm) 32/ 33/ 1249/ 34/ 1450/ 32/ 2052/ 34/ 2250/ 66/ 25Input voltage, three-phase 50/60 Hz (V) 230/400 230/400 230/400 230/400 230/400 Alternative input voltages (V) Option Option Option Option OptionMains plug 400 V (A) 32 32 63 63 /125 1) 125 Mains cable 4-pole, 400 V (m/mm²) 5/4 5/4 5/10 5/16 5/16 Max. extension cable permissible tomains connection (400 V mains, cross-section identical to mains extensioncable) 2)50 40 40 30 30 Time-lag fuse for 230/400 V (A) 35/25 50/35 100/63 160/80 200/125Input performance at ...% ED (kVA) 1,4/3,2/10055/38/7 2,5/7/10073/43/122,25/9/100121/59/172,5/7/100156/93/258/13/100187/145/52Max. welding cable length under given current (A) with given cross-section 2)600 / 25 mat 70 mm²800 / 30 mat 70 mm²1200 / 40m at 70mm²1600 / 40 mat 95 mm²2000 / 50 mat 120 mm²Input voltage tolerance (%) -15/+6 -15/+6 -15/+6 -15/+6 -15/+6 Class of protection IP 23 IP 23 IP 23 IP 23 IP 23 Cooling F F F F 3) F3)Housing dimensions (L x W x H) mm 530x305x350 600x325x370700x415x460805x430x530960x610x625Weight (app. kg) 50 87 160 185 355 Operating under increased electrical hazard permissible, CE-labelling according to EN 60974-11) According to customer’s choice2) The permissible max. lengths of extensions to mains and welding cables may be extended for welding under lower currents than the current given. For mains voltages below 400 V, the mains cable cross-section must be increased proportionately (i.e. by the factor 1.73 for a 230 V input). In case of low current input it may not be possible to use maximum lengths for both mains and welding cable extensions.3) Noise level: 72 db(A)2.2 The Power SourceThe power source consists of a 3-phase transformer, a fully controlled thyristor bridge with constant current control, a choke connected in series, and an electronic control. The standard setting of the appliance is for an input of 400 V (3-phase). Setting for 230 V (3-phase) input can be effected through adjusting the links on the terminal board of the main transformer. Power sources for alternative voltages are also available. How to adjust the appliance to other input voltages is shown on a sticker attached to the terminal board and illustrated in the wiring diagram. All ELOTOP power source models can be supplied with alternative nominal voltages.Nominal output of the equipment can still be reached with an undervoltage of up to minus 10%. However, de-pending on circumstances, it may become necessary to shorten the extension cables, to prevent exceeding the capacity of the constant current control. If the input voltage drops below minus 15%, the appliance can no longer be operated.Because the load-voltage may be considerably lower than the no-load-voltage, especially in case of a weak power supply, in a case of doubt a voltage measuring should be carried out during the welding procedure. When welding with 400 V input, the primary current is approximately 10% of the welding current.Example: welding current 1600 A = primary current abt. 160 A.The mains must be capable of supplying this primary current with minimum fluctuation to voltage. Since the flow of current is only short (max. 1,5 sec) mains fuses of considerably reduced rating may be used, provided, of course, that they operate with sufficient time-lag. Quick acting fuses (including safety cut-out switches) may prevent operation of the appliance.Fuses with lower ratings than indicated under table 2.1 may be used if less than the full capacity of the power source is required in operation.If a mains plug with a lower rating is chosen, for example 63 A instead of 125 A, only mains fuses with a maxi-mum rating equal to that of the mains plug may be used, in this case 63 A. The mains connection cable must have a cross-section sufficiently large to ensure that undervoltage is kept within the margin of tolerance. All cable cross-sections and mains fuses must comply with technical regulations and requirements of electricity suppliers.An overvoltage of 15% should not be exceeded, since otherwise iron losses in the transformer will cause over-heating.2.3 The Welding GunIn drawn-arc stud welding the welding gun is used to generate the arc between stud and workpiece, and to unite the two welding pools at the end of welding time.There is a choice of two different concepts. The guns K 22 to K 26 have an automatic length adjustment facility, i.e. maintenance of the pre-selected lift is guaranteed independent of protrusion, variation of stud lengths within normal tolerance and minor deviations from the vertical position of studs in relation to the workpiece. However in case of very short welding cycles (below 100 ms) the necessary coupling does not react fast enough. Therefore we recommend the SK 12 gun without length adjustment specially for short-cycle stud welding. It should be used for studs with only very minor variations in length and when constant conditions for the positioning of the welding gun apply.In stud welding, lift and protrusion are important parameters. In most cases they can be selected to fit stud di-ameters, according to figure 2. The position of the weld or the kind of surface on the workpiece may necessitate some adjustments. In such cases, optimal settings should be obtained through test welds.The length of lift is the vital factor in determining the form of metal melting at the tip of the stud. In case of major deviation from optimal values, cavities may form in the welding pool. Moreover, if the lift is too small, an in-crease in the number of droplet short circuits will destabilize the welding process. The protrusion (see figure 4) will determine the form of the welding collar around the welded stud. In some cases, especially when welding onto a vertical wall, settings other than those listed may be selected. If the plunge is too shallow, this will lead topores and undercuts in the weld zone. If it is too deep, the welding pool will splash out to the side or upwards with the risk of blockage to the downward movement of the stud. The setting of protrusion is described in sec-tion 3.2.8.For studs above 14 mm the plunging movement should be damped. This is achieved through adjustable plunge damping. (For settings refer to Section 3.2.11).2.4 Technical Data on Stud Welding Guns CLASSICTechnical Data SK 12 K 22 K 22-D K 24 K 26Stud welding with ceramic ferruleWeldable stud range Ø (mm) 1) 4 - 12 4 - 14 4 – 19 13 - 22 13 - 25Short cycle stud weldingWeldable stud range Ø (mm) 3 - 12 6 - 12 -- -- Stud welding with shielding gasWeldable stud range Ø (mm) 3 - 12 3 - 16 -- -- Adjustable hydraulic damping of piston,for studs from abt. 14 mm Ø -Lifting ring system with length adjustment - Adjustment of stud length variations up to ... (mm) - 8 8 8 8Standard support by ... legs 2 2 2 2 3Lifting range from...to (mm) app. 1 - 3 1 - 4,5 1 - 4,52,5 - 6 2,5 - 6Input voltage of lifting coil (V=) 60 - 90 60 - 9075 - 90 75 -90 75 - 90 Welding cable (m/mm²) 5/35 2/50 2/50 2/95 2/120 Welding cable plug (mm²) 35 50/70 50/70 95 120Control cable plug 4-poleControl cable (m/mm²) 5/4x1,0 2/4x1,02/4x1,0 2/4x1,0 2/4x1,0 Length (excluding chuck) (mm) 200 175 175 250 300Body diam. app. (mm) 50 60 60 60 63Height (including handle) (mm) 150 165 165 220 240Weight (excluding connection cables) app. (kg) 0,8 1,3 1,3 1,4 2,6= Standard = optional − = not available1) For very high performance welding and large stud diameters we recommend a larger type of gun. In case of doubt please consult the maker or a sales representative for details.2.5 Setting Guidelines for welding with ceramic ferrule or shielding gasThe settings given in figure 2 have been tested for welds on clean metallic surfaces and standard type studs in downhand position. The decisive parameter is the actual diameter at the welding end of the stud, not the nominal diameter. Under different conditions (other welding position, or oily, scaly or primer-coated surfaces) the optimal settings must be determined by test welds. With difficult surfaces, it may be necessary to considera-bly increase lift and welding time, and to reduce the welding current. When welding in a horizontal position, it is recommended to select higher current, protrusion and plunging speed than the given settings, and at the same time shorter cycles and lift. Please note that at the lower end of the welding range of large appliances it may be necessary to select values higher than those listed in the chart. This is caused by the relatively long phase for building up the current, which means that for a considerable part of the welding cycle the peak current is not yetreached. This must be compensated by lengthening the welding cycle or selecting a highter current.Figure 2: Parameters for current, time, lift, protrusion and dampingThe plunge speed is adjusted by setting the damping of the piston. In case of studs with less than app. 10 mm Ø guns without damper (SK 12 or K 22) should be used, or the damper should be removed (refer to 3.2.11). If the correct damper setting is selected, only very few splashes will occur during plunge, and an even welding collar without undercuts will be formed.Before starting a series of welds, test welds according to DIN EN ISO 14555 should be carried out. For details refer to DVS-leaflet 0902.Explanation: P: protrusion, L: lift, Ø: stud di-ameter, I: current, t: time, v: plunging speed2.6 Setting guidelines for short cycle stud welding without weld poolprotection or with shielding gasShort cycle stud welding is used where it is desirable to keep the penetration on thin workpieces as shallow as possible, normally with studs ranging from M 3 to M 12 (FD type flanged studs according to DIN EN ISO 13918). If the outward appearance of welding collars is not important, protection of the welding pool can be omitted. However, in that case a current of at least app. 100 x the nominal diameter of the stud should be selected, i.e. in case of a M 8 stud the power source should have a minimum output of 800 A. Basically, the current should be as high and the time as short as possible.If the time is extended beyond a certain measure to allow for a weak power source, this will result in uneven, porous welding collars.Welding with shielding gas will result in flawless welding collars and few pores in the welding zone. Acceptable results can also be obtained with longer welding times and lower currents. For welding steel or stainless steel the use of a gas mixture M 21 (82% Ar, 18% CO2) according to EN 439 is recommended.In short cycle stud welding the settings depend not only on the stud diameter, but also on the thickness of the workpiece and the caliber of the gun. In the DVS-leaflet 0904 a table of setting guidelines is given. In principle, one should always start by selecting the highest current and the shortest welding time possible on the power source, and then adjust the settings after some test welds.2.7 MaterialrequirementsIn principle, all materials suitable for fusion welding are also suitable for drawn arc stud welding. However, for some sensitive varieties of steel there is a certain risk that they may harden and become brittle by the quick heating and cooling processes involved. If two different materials are welded together (for example carbon steel with stainless steel) a new alloy will result which may be resistant to further shaping. Because of the short weld-ing time, clean surfaces are essential for good welding results. For further details refer to literature (refer to section 13). So-called “free cutting” steels are generally not suitable for stud welding. In practice, the following combinations have proved satisfactory:Chart 1: Recommended material combinations for drawn arc stud weldingParent metalsStud material Non-alloy steels up to app. 0,24% C,for example S235, S355, 16Mo3 Stainless Austenite steels, such as 1.4301, 1.4401, 1.4541, 1.4571Non-alloy steels up to app. 0,18% C, e.g. S235, 4.8, 16Mo3 Suitable, including for force transfer For stud welding with ceramic ferruleonly limited suitablity for force transferFor short cycle stud welding wellsuitedStainless Austenite steels, such as 1.4301, 1.4401, 1.4541, 1.4571 For stud welding with ceramic ferruleonly limited suitability for force trans-ferwell suited for up to 10 mm Ø withshielding gasFor short cycle stud welding wellsuitedSuitable, including for force transfer 1)1) In fully austenite steels attention should be paid to the relatively high risk of hot cracks.In addition to the material combinations listed above, heat- and scale-resistant studs may also be welded, in special cases also aluminium studs. For material combinations not previously tested, welding suitability must be determined through appropriate test welds. (For further details, refer to section 13, literature).3 Working with the stud welding equipment3.1 Requirements before starting-up1. Ensure adequate power supply, according to instructions under section2.2.2. The power connection must be earthed according to regulations.3. The housing of the welding power source must not have any electrical contact with the workpiece. Makesure that the insulating wheels (casters) are in perfect condition!4. Make sure that the welding power souce is standing firm in a vibration-free, dry area!5. Make sure that there is sufficient cooling! The circulation of air must not be restricted in any way.6. Operating the equipment in a fire or explosion danger area is prohibited. In case of doubt obtain a releasefor the welding operation from the security officer in charge.7. Keep a safe distance from any objects which may be affected by strong magnetic fields, such as EDP instal-lations! Make sure that persons wearing a heart pace-maker do not come close to the welding cables!8. Shielding gas bottles must be secured against falling over.3.2 Starting-up of the welding gun1. Screw the desired chuck on to the adapter screw of the gun, slightly tightening it with a wrench .2. Using the counter-sink screws and washers supplied, attach the two legs to the desired footplate. Initially,do not tighten the screws.3. Insert the desired ceramic ferrule grip (when welding with a ceramic ferrule) or the supporting tube (in caseof short cycle welding or welding with shielding gas) into the footpiece, pushing it to the stop. Secure the ce-ramic ferrule grip or the supporting tube with the screws at the sides of the footplate.4. Insert a suitable stud into the chuck, pushing it up to the stop.5. Slide the footplate with the legs in the damping guides of the gun, so that the tip of the stud reaches ap-proximately the same height as the ceramic ferrule grip or the supporting tube.6. Move the footpiece until the stud is centrally seated in the bore of the ceramic ferrule grip or the supportingtube (see figure 3).Then tighten the counter-sink screws of the footplate. Figure 3: Centering of the footplate Explanation: A: Correct center-ing of the footplateB: Inaccurate cen-tering of the foot-plate will cause blockage of the plunging move-ment of the stud.。
SFC重装机兵MMR全物品搜索攻略隐藏道具要点
S F C重装机兵(M M R)全物品搜索攻略、隐藏道具*全物品搜索攻略*?在大地图上调查随机得到：1G回复胶囊小石子大石子回旋扳手绯牡丹匕首白线手套报废的护甲?各旅馆花盆调查随机得到：生化麦芽?*拉多主角家*?1F?计算机：LOAD（BS功能-升级所需经验值查询）?2F?木箱：7G床头柜：姐姐的毛巾床头柜：姐姐的围裙（需要到罗克买个床头柜40 00G）?床头柜：父亲的衬衣燃气橱柜：消火器水龙头橱柜：杀虫剂?*拉多旅馆*?1F?床头柜：蚊香床头柜：蚊香?2F?床头柜：松的肥皂床：1G回复胶囊小石子大石子回旋扳手绯牡丹匕首白线手套报废的护甲（此床所有物品无限拿）?*拉多明齐家*?冰箱：冰冻细胞水龙头橱柜：消火器?*拉多南洞穴*?1F?木箱：回复胶囊木箱：57G?-1F?木箱：古币木箱：106G木箱：迷彩服战车：37MM炮哈尔900型甲壳虫式电子墙开关：OPEN（打开就关不掉了）?*拉多北洞穴*?1F?木箱：76G木箱：手榴弹木箱：装甲包40（车载）?-1F?木箱：霰弹枪?-2F?木箱：7.7MM机关枪（车载这个箱子下方是个陷阱）?*拉多北关卡*?冰箱：回复饮剂水龙头橱柜：碱性喷雾剂燃气橱柜：碱性车蜡后院的计算机：O PEN（关卡大门的开关需要ID卡C）电视前右边男子：ID卡C（对话选“是”得到必须将战车停在关卡内他才给租来的车无效！）?*麦基番薯田*?耕地：结婚戒指?*麦基民家*?桌前女人：红宝石镜片（用结婚戒指换取）水龙头橱柜：蚊香燃气橱柜：消火器木箱：回复胶囊木箱：7G床头柜：麻痹散?*麦基人类用品店*?木箱：火箭礼花木箱：袜子木箱：白线手套?*麦基传送站右边屋子*?-1F?地面隐藏：铆钉枪（下2左1）?*麦基周边*?地面隐藏：双重链锯（右3上15）地面隐藏：2010G（左10上13）*麦基南海边补给所*?2F?床头柜：蚊香床头柜：蚊香床头柜：中和乳霜?*波布机械师家*?1F?燃气橱柜：消火器水龙头橱柜：蚊香冰箱：回复饮剂冰箱：回复饮剂床头柜：4 4大型左轮床头柜：中和乳霜衣柜：虎皮帽衣柜：皮手套衣柜：高跟鞋?2F?木箱：修理工具箱?*波布旅馆*?床头柜：松的肥皂床头柜：松的毛巾*波布学校*?燃气橱柜：修理工具箱?*波布西林中隐秘村庄*?大屋?床头柜：防护皮甲床头柜：棒球帽床头柜：古币燃气橱柜：消火器水龙头橱柜：杀虫剂?小屋2F?床头柜：皮手套?*波布西林中隐秘村庄周边*?地面隐藏：乌兹冲锋手枪（右6上7面对右边的树）?*波布南机械师爷爷的家*?外屋?冰箱：回复饮剂燃气橱柜：消火器?帐篷?床头柜：DD菠萝弹?*波布东海岸工厂*?1F?计算机：ON（防御机器的开关打开后在1F的3个路口发生战斗）计算机：FLOW 前进BACK后退?2F?计算机：ON（防御机器的开关打开后在2F的2个路口发生战斗）计算机：FLOW 前进BACK后退花盆：柔软果子花盆：柔软果子?3F?战车：花纹座套格林炮哈尔900型甲壳虫TI式?*麦基北巨炮阵地*?巨炮残骸：35MM机关炮（车载）巨炮残骸：35MM机关炮（车载）?*巨炮阵地北老婆婆的家*?燃气橱柜：消火器水龙头橱柜：碱性车蜡?*奥多旅馆楼*?2F?床头柜：麻痹散?*奥多战车服务楼*?2F?木箱：消火器木箱：麻痹散床头柜：碱性车蜡床头柜：修理工具箱衣柜：皮衣冰箱：中和乳霜?*奥多旅馆楼周边*?地面隐藏：沃兹耐尔克SI型（车载右18上173棵树中间！）?*奥多东南帕特港北建筑*?3F?木箱：484G木箱：高跟鞋?*奥多东南帕特港东建筑*?2F?男人亚智：房门钥匙（打败左边屋子的异形他才会给）木箱：万能钥匙（用房门钥匙开门）?*奥多东南帕特港南建筑*?1F?战车：发音盒a160MM未定型炮格林炮沃兹耐尔克II型疾风式?*奥多东南帕特港西建筑*?木箱：火焰枪木箱：纹身贴纸木箱：609G?*罗克旅馆*?2F（这是松的房间住进去需要每人花100G）?床头柜：松的拖鞋床头柜：松的毛巾床头柜：松的肥皂?*罗克周边*?地面隐藏：4880G（下23右23踩到小树上）?*罗克西无敌病院*?1F?水龙头橱柜：冷冻瓶?2F?床头柜：错乱注射器床头柜：麻醉胶囊木箱：回复饮剂木箱：硝化甘油酒瓶衣柜：指挥官风衣?-1F?木箱：ID卡O（用万能钥匙开门）衣柜：马歇尔（他可真会藏！……*_*！）战车：医疗装置哈尔900型巨型公牛式?*罗克东地藏菩萨洞*?木箱：9MM机关枪（车载）?*弗里大楼*?4F?冰箱：冷冻瓶冰箱：冷冻瓶水龙头橱柜：硝化甘油酒瓶水龙头橱柜：硝化甘油酒瓶燃气橱柜：消火器?3F?木箱：换气装置（车载）木箱：西伯利亚大衣冰箱：冰冻细胞冰箱：冻肉冰箱：坚硬细胞冰箱：冰冻细胞（从4F右上角的楼梯下去）?1F?大象站的地方：象牙（车载）木箱：感恩II型（车载）?*弗里东北补给小屋*?后院地洞?地面隐藏：105MM加农炮（车载左1下17）?*弗里周边*?地面隐藏：5500G（这个位置宏观来讲在世界地图的右上角，局部来讲在弗里东北的海角，朋友们看到海边成一个小“V”字形状了吗？站在“V”字形的右边调查就可以了，找不到的话就直接用金属探知机吧，金属探知机在弗里买！）?*弗里东海洞*?1F?地面隐藏：沃兹耐尔克II型（车载上5左6）?-2F（这个-2F不是通往-3F的过道而是个死胡同）?地面隐藏：V24超人式（车载左8上9）?-3F?地面隐藏：工地安全帽（下3右9）地面隐藏：下14右7（车载装甲包80）地面隐藏战车：铅蘑菇4个95MM炮（下13右9铅蘑菇到塔镇洗掉）*弗里北日冕大楼*?6F?木箱：1495G?13F?木箱：金棒?19F?木箱：防毒面具?20F?抽屉：防弹假发箱子：礼帽?*波布东吉田生命研究所*?生产履带：再生胶囊（炸了日冕大楼后坐人类时空传送机就会来到这里开动生产机器前的电脑吧）?*伊尔酒吧*?衣柜：桑拿浴紧身服化妆品台：口红（这个地方坐着人拿不到要得到这个东东可要一步步来①跟娜娜对话选“是”娜娜就是左边坐着的舞女②看表演必须要看但不需要看完③出酒吧再进酒吧④跟后台的男人对话他会让开⑤看演出这时就可以从后台进去拿口红了！……看了“鬼神”的贴才知道有口红拿感谢！）?*伊尔旅馆*?床头柜：松的毛巾床头柜：松的肥皂?*伊尔民居*?左?燃气橱柜：催眠瓶水龙头橱柜：蛊惑瓶?中?燃气橱柜：修理工具箱衣柜：皮衣?右?燃气橱柜：消火器衣柜：消防服?*无歌村旅馆*?床头柜：松的毛巾床头柜：松的肥皂?*无歌村周边*?地面隐藏：固体燃烧弹炮（车载上1右10其实就是无歌村上游渡口的右2上3注意该地点有颗地雷）?*无歌村下游渡口周边*?地面隐藏：V48金刚式（车载下10右3）?*索鲁民居*?左?燃气橱柜：消火器冰箱：冷冻瓶床头柜：麻醉胶囊?右（拿了4号车才能到这边）?床头柜：接地尾线（从后门进）?*索鲁旅馆*?2F?床头柜：碱性喷雾剂木箱：飞车特技装?*索鲁战车补给店*?2F?床头柜：通缉犯照片（电水母）?*索鲁下水道*?木箱：眼镜镜片木箱：金属护腿?*索鲁*?战车：11MM火神炮沃兹耐尔克II型涡轮动力式?*索鲁战车物品店*?计算机：LOAD（BS功能-租车需要租够8辆车而且要用租来的车赚够3850G才能LOAD并不是每辆车都要赚够3850G8辆车加起来够就可以或者用1辆车赚够了就行但是必须租够8辆……当时看了“鬼神”的贴才知道要这样才能LOAD）?*索鲁周边*?地面隐藏：48MM机关炮（车载从索鲁左下边出来是右1上6从索鲁右下边出来是上6）?*东西地铁*?首先大致说一下结构免得转向整个地铁从西至东经过3个地方西端是地狱门中间是索鲁东端是弗里东端的弗里是游戏过程中较早能够到达的地方从弗里向南走就可以看到一个洞进去之后就是地铁最东端了一直往西走会发现地铁车厢需要步行穿过再往西走有个帐篷帐篷里能下载BS功能再往西是索鲁和双子大楼继续往西就是地狱门了地铁内的物品全在索鲁附近?书柜：ID卡P（从索鲁南边的洞下去右12上4面对书柜）帐篷内的计算机：LO AD（BS功能-归还这个帐篷在地铁车厢往左至索鲁的路上）地面隐藏：榴弹冲锋枪（从地铁车厢左端进下层右4上6）地面隐藏：180连环炮（车载从下载BS 功能的帐篷右边向上然后进下层右8上16）?*索鲁双子大楼*?双子大楼进入法：从索鲁镇内部是进不去的1F的4个门都关着只能从索鲁南边的洞下去下去后往上走遇到岔路也都是往上走最后来到双子大楼地下停车场也就是-1F双子大楼分左右两部分东西很多我将在后面注明L和RL代表该物品必须从左边才能拿到R代表右有些地方有防御机器我注明了战斗次数大楼内的计算机和电子门我也做了说明ok,let'sgo!?4F中间的走廊两端各战斗1次?5F?花圃：瘫软种子（无限拿）抽屉：全满饮剂?6FR开锁进入中间的房间后战斗1次?中间房间的6台计算机中2台故障其他4台OPEN后分别打开1F的4个门?7FL?抽屉：麻痹散保险柜：9999G?8F?灰色柜子：碱性喷雾剂保险柜：防弹假发?9FBOSS战如果打开左边的计算机则在电子门战斗1次左边电梯旁战斗1次右边电梯旁战斗1次（只跟开计算机有关跟开不开电子门无关）?打开电子门需要ID卡P（此门形同虚设）打开计算机同样需要ID卡P抽屉：最终风暴枪（不打败BOSS是进不来的）11F?打开电子门也需要ID卡P（同样形同虚设）中间的5台计算机中2台故障（就是载车电梯旁边那2个载人电梯故障）其他3台分别打开左边各楼层的3个载人电梯不同电梯能去的楼层也不同（左11020-32中110-32右1-15载车1-15）? 12F?花圃：瘫软种子（无限拿）抽屉：回复饮剂?14F?抽屉：酸铁炮?15F?燃气橱柜：高温作业服?16FR?抽屉：中和乳霜?17FR?衣柜：冰球面具?18FR?抽屉：染血的记事本?19FL?旅馆（这里必须坐电梯才能来）?20FL?衣柜：聚酰胺耐热服?21FL?抽屉：碱性车蜡（必须坐电梯）?22FL?抽屉：错乱注射器（必须走楼梯）?23FL?衣柜：人造纤维头盔?26FL?衣柜：高腰身甲（必须走楼梯）抽屉：麻醉胶囊（必须坐电梯）?32FL?信息板：261241（开启地狱门的密码）?*伊甸*?帐篷?冰箱：全满饮剂?车厢1?燃气橱柜：消火器?车厢2?燃气橱柜：硝化甘油酒瓶冰箱：冰冻细胞?*伊甸周边*?地面隐藏：5500G（下14右14面对上边的树）?*南北地铁*?自动售票机：ID卡M（从伊甸南边的洞下去后再下一层上27面对上边的窗口）木箱：巨型公牛式（车载）?*电波塔*?2F?木箱：重金属手套?3F?木箱：防弹背心?-1F?偶人（跟它对话选“是”然后就能拖着走了把它还给3F那个男人他会告诉我们“在2F推动红色偶人可以挡住黑色偶人”聪明人没有这句话一样能上到5F）? 5F?计算机1：LOAD（BS功能-回收）计算机2：LOAD（BS功能-卫星攻击需要ID卡M）?*电波塔周边*?地面隐藏：177MM未定型炮（车载下1右7）?*塔镇南大瀑布*?木箱：金棒木箱：大款钱包衣柜：金属格斗装衣柜：高弹力靴冰箱：浓缩酸液水龙头橱柜：汪汪狗食燃气橱柜：蛊惑瓶?战车：皮革坐垫接地链条165MMT型炮15MM机关枪S龙卷风炮（托卢）所罗门2型OHC卡门式*塔镇*?既然来了就不得不提塔镇中的帐篷在打折时会出现一位商人因为必须在整点时才打折所以好多朋友根本没遇到过或是没在意我把这里出售的物品整理一下（这里卖的东西都不错）?TNT风暴炮/12000G光束暴雪枪/15000G狙击手头盔/2100G战斗指套/2850G举重运动靴/2100G?*塔镇帐篷*?衣柜：中东人头巾燃气橱柜：消火器?*塔镇旅馆*?2F?床头柜：蚊香床头柜：蚊香?3F?衣柜：松的女袍衣柜：松的女袍床头柜：松的拖鞋?*塔镇民居*?燃气橱柜：杀虫剂水龙头橱柜：汪汪狗食床头柜：中和乳霜衣柜：钢铁护胸?*塔镇西北绿洲*?2F?床头柜：钢铁束腰胸甲床头柜：兄长的相片（帕鲁）?*塔镇东北有机废弃物投弃场*?1F?电子开关：OPEN（履带开关需要ID卡U打开后会在门口与防御机器发生战斗）灰色柜子：ID卡U?-1F?计算机：ON（履带开关）?-3F?木箱：防护皮甲木箱：手持火神炮?-5F?木箱：浓缩酸液?*塔镇东北垃圾站周边*?地面隐藏：ATM红牡丹导弹（车载上9右2）?*卡拉旅馆*（松的房间）?衣柜：松的女袍衣柜：松的拖鞋衣柜：松的毛巾衣柜：松的女袍床头柜：松的肥皂冰箱：浓缩酸液?*卡拉比米家*?燃气橱柜：消火器?*卡拉民居*?衣柜：重型皮外套床头柜：红牡丹胸甲燃气橱柜：消火器水龙头橱柜：蚊香冰箱：痘痘细胞?*卡拉周边*?地面隐藏：雷电机关枪（车载右4上3）*卡拉北废弃基地*?1F?计算机：OPEN履带总开关（需要ID卡E）计算机：ON（1F履带开关）计算机：FLOW前进BACK后退木箱：西红柿飓风炮（车载）衣柜：咆哮枪?-1F?计算机：ON（-1F履带开关）计算机：FLOW前进BACK后退?-2F?电子门：OPEN（需要ID卡O）战车：180MM火箭炮追击激光机枪LI花生米炮沃兹耐尔克II型飞火卡门式?*卡拉北废弃基地小楼*?3F?衣柜：CVC隔热绝缘服衣柜：凯旋大衣?4F?木箱：防弹背心衣柜：等离子暴雨枪抽屉：ID卡E?*卡拉北博士小屋*?计算机：OPEN（打开小屋的门）亚米博士：激光炮（集齐3-4枚镜片与他对话得到）?*卡拉东遗迹*?首先说一下这里怎么出现&怎么进去：①去塔镇买降水机器人150G②跟卡拉吧台喝酒的男人对话③跟造激光炮的博士对话④回卡拉MMR中可以用传真传回去⑤在山火前使用降水机器人⑥在白色的大门前使用万能钥匙（这个触发条件最早看到时忘了是谁写的后来在专题站看到原作者是“明神”感谢！）?-1F?电子门开关：OPEN（需要ID卡T）?-2F?木箱：光束机关枪（车载）木箱：ID卡T?-3F?木箱：镜头镜片木箱：175MM加农炮（车载）木箱：195MM加农炮（车载）木箱：165MM钢炮（车载）?*卡拉东遗迹周边*?地面隐藏：220MM大地女神炮（车载左3上4）?*地狱门西村周边*?地面隐藏：225MM多头蛇炮（车载下4右17）地面隐藏：诺亚系统No.R型（车载下23左3）*地狱门*?计算机：打开地狱门（输入261241后按OPEN）?*地狱门周边*?地面隐藏：所罗门2型（车载从地狱门左边出来是下19左9从地狱门右边出来是下19左12）地面隐藏：205MM红牡丹炮（车载从地狱门左边出来是下31左1 3从地狱门右边出来是下31左15）*地球救济中心*?1F?4台计算机需要ID卡R并且要输入4个密码4台都OFF后中央控制台的门会打开右上519982右下542397左下195874左上793266密码输入正确后表忘记按O FF?中央控制台有4台电脑可用上边ON（通往地下-16F的大门开关）左边OPEN（门口大铁门的开关）右边2台OFF（门口激光墙的开关这2台电脑是联机的只需O FF其中1台）?木箱：太阳镜片?2F?电脑：密码793266木箱：火箭筒木箱：DD菠萝弹木箱：回复饮剂抽屉：中和乳霜抽屉：全满饮剂抽屉：碱性喷雾剂?3F?电脑：密码519982（需要打开4F的电子门开关）木箱：能量胶囊木箱：装甲包L（车载）木箱：回复饮剂木箱：44大型左轮抽屉：研究工作笔记?4F?电子门开关：3F电子门的开关（需要ID卡R）电脑：密码195874木箱：ID卡R 木箱：金属格斗装木箱：乌兹冲锋手枪衣柜：医师服抽屉：麻痹散?5F?木箱：增强卡门式（车载）木箱：龙息木箱：TNT弹连发箱抽屉：密码备忘录（记载着密码542397）?6F?8门巨炮（把它们沿轨道推下楼去吧）?-16F?木箱：1067G木箱：装甲包L（车载）木箱：V100金刚式（车载）木箱：5177G? -17F?木箱：220MM大地女神炮（车载）木箱：1046G木箱：暴雨气旋炮（车载）木箱：战斗指套?-18F?电子门开关：-17F电子门的开关?-17F流沙陷阱?地面隐藏：突击队战甲（上6左14踩到石头上）地面隐藏：格斗手套（上6右12踩到石头上）*地球救济中心周边*?地面隐藏：烈日中子炮（车载下1左4）地面隐藏：雷暴机关枪（车载右16）*帕鲁的狗洞周边*?地面隐藏：雷电加农炮（车载下21右10）战车问题：1号车主炮位:一个主炮?副炮位:一个副炮?S-E位:一个S-E?底盘极限防御244,6.4T?2号车主炮位:没法开洞?副炮位:一个副炮?S-E位:一个主炮或一个S-E底盘极限防御202,5.4T（可以使用人类装备，建议给第3人用）3号车主炮位:一个主炮或一个S-E?副炮位:一个副炮或一个S-E?S-E位:二个副炮或二个S-E?底盘极限防御179,6.4T?4号车主炮位:一个主炮或一个S-E?副炮位:一个副炮?S-E位:二个S-E?底盘极限防御274,11T?5号车主炮位:一个主炮?副炮位:一个副炮?S-E位:一个副炮或一个S-E?底盘极限防御300,18.2T（战车底盘太重，防御不高，建议不要用。
隐匿便携：SCCY公司CPX-2手枪
隐匿便携：SCCY公司CPX-2手枪作者：孙博，等来源：《轻兵器》 2013年第24期目前在美国的枪支市场上，“ 隐匿式便携手枪”（CCW：Concealed CarryWeapon）的销量急剧攀升，以生产紧凑型手枪起家的SCCY公司近期推出了自己的产品，诠释着人们心中对这一概念手枪的理解——“隐匿式便携手枪”设计典范关于隐匿式便携手枪应具备的特性，总体上说，人们有以下几点要求：首要具备的是100%的安全性与可靠性。
麻雀虽小，五脏俱全。
隐匿式便携手枪虽然外观尺寸较小，但设计一定要精细，安全机构设置不能或缺，以保证携枪的安全性及操枪时的可靠性。
其次，枪支精度也是重要考量因素，不能因其用于近距离射击而忽视了精准性。
再者，隐匿性便携手枪要结实耐用，质量要轻。
最后，要有精美的外观和精致的做工，最好配上漂亮的枪套，尽显“小而精”的风范。
美国SCCY公司的CPX-2手枪就是隐匿式便携手枪的“典范”。
CPX-2手枪亮点扫描SCCY公司是一家小型公司，位于美国佛罗里达州的代托纳海滩。
该公司于2003年创立，创始人是乔?罗巴克。
公司的宗旨是生产安全性能高、使用方便的手枪，目前为止，其生产的所有手枪都归属一个系列——CPX系列。
该系列手枪是一种紧凑型9mm口径手枪，据说，整个CPX 系列的各型号手枪迄今总计生产了近7万支。
2011年，SCCY公司推出了CPX系列的第二代产品——CPX-2手枪，其金属零部件全部由该公司最先进的加工中心加工完成。
CPX-2手枪具有如下几个特征。
枪管由整块416不锈钢材质锻造而成，长406mm，7条右旋膛线。
套筒同样由416不锈钢材质制成，套筒座由美国杜邦公司生产的Zytel尼龙树脂制成，内嵌的金属件为7075-T6航空级铝合金材质。
握把设计符合人体工程学，握把后部还装有缓解后坐力衬垫。
这种衬垫侧面开有几个小孔，小孔并不是贯通的，射击时衬垫能够发生弹性变形，从而吸收一部分后坐力——这一设计别有新意。
李恩菲尔德枪支系列详细介绍（第三版）说明书
Check out our CD and ManualcombosArticle Published Date: 12/19/2007Reviewed By Mark TropeAdobe PDF Downloadable Version of ArticleThe Lee-EnfieldBy: Ian SkennertonUnited States:Arms & Militaria PressPO Box 5014, Grants Pass, OR 97527, USAcell: 541 659 0373 (Bruce Smith) or 541 441 9093/NewBooks.htm (full information on pricing, shipping)ISBN: 978-0-949749-82-6Hardcover, 8 3/4 X 12 inches, 608 pages, 1400 pictures and illustrations, $79.50 in U.S. Dollars (U.S. and Canada only). Shipping is $10.00 each per book for U.S. addresses. For Canada, airmail postage is $22.00. The books weigh 5lb each, and require a special shipping carton.See the web site for listings of UK, Australian and European distributors. The distributors in those countries can supply local pricing.The included chapters are:z Designers-Lee, Medtford & Enfield R.S.A.Fz Magazine Rifle Trialsz The Magazine Lee-Metfordz The Magazine Lee-Enfieldz A Short, The S.M.L.E.z303 Rifles No.4 & No.5z Small Bore Trainersz North American Productionz Australian Productionz Production in India, Pakistan & Nepalz Service, Accessories & Fittingsz Technical Descriptions & Illustrationsz Manufacture & Armourer MarkingsSince the last edition of 1993, these new chapters are included:z Preview, Model Identificationz Lee-Enfield Hybridsz Serial Number Production Rangesz Component Parts Evolutionz An Ammunition SummaryThe Lee Enfield military rifle has been “on-duty” for over 100 years. In some locations, it still continues to serve!This book is the masterful work of Ian Skennerton, the most diligent of Lee Enfield detectives! The previous edition of this book by Skennerton (The Lee Enfield Story) was published in 1993. Not content to rest on his laurels, author Skennerton continued his research. Additional models and documentation continued to surface. This final book is result of 4 years additional investigation. Author Skennerton rightly begins with a full page of acknowledgments to the men, women and organizations, which are located on most every continent, which assisted in the preparation of this most exhaustive work.Every model is covered in detail. The chapter on “Manufacture & Armourer Markings” decodes the large amount of stampings and markings that Lee Enfield rifles are famous for. The chapter entitled “Lee-Enfield Hybrids” got me salivating with pictures and specifications on little known and experimental models. Think you’ll never see one of those rare rifles? Think again! Within the last few months, a reader emailed me and sent a picture of an “odd looking“ Lee-Enfield he picked up rather inexpensively. Skennerton’s book allowed us to quickly discover this lucky reader found a true jewel. One of those rare and almost never seen models!Not only are the guns covered, but also much space is devoted to armourer tools, bayonets, canvas items etc. The chapter on ammunition will warm the heart of any hull stuffer. There is simply too much great information, pictures and illustrations in this fine book to cover in a short review. If you love the Lee Enfield, this book is simply the best reference there is, an invaluable addition to your home library. Remember, this is the final edition, get it now!/NewBooks.htmOn the scale: (1 to 5, 5=great) Organization & Layout 5Readability 5Illustrations/diagrams/photos 5Value 5Appropriate levelBeginner to advanced students and collectors of Lee Enfieldrifles, all military & firearms enthusiastAdobe PDF Downloadable Version of Article。
(2024年)95式自动步枪课件
枪的技巧和注意事项。
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THANKS
感谢观看
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定期保养
分解枪支
按照规定的分解步骤，将枪支 分解为若干部件。
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清洁部件
使用专用清洁剂和擦拭布清洁 各部件，去除积碳、油渍和其 他污垢。
检查磨损
检查各部件的磨损情况，如有 严重磨损或损坏，应及时更换 。
重新组装
按照规定的组装步骤，将各部 件重新组装为完整的枪支，并
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采用觇孔式照门和准星 组成的机械瞄准具，瞄 准迅速，射击精度高。
使用范围
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95式自动步枪主要装备中国 人民解放军和武警部队。
适用于步兵、空降兵、海军陆 战队等部队进行单兵作战和班
组作战。
可用于执行反恐、维稳、处突 等任务。
也可用于射击比赛和军事训练 。
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95式自动步枪结构原理
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实战案例分析
城市巷战
在狭窄的城市环境中，95式自动 步枪的短小精悍和快速射击能力 使其成为巷战利器。通过案例分 析，可以了解如何在复杂环境中
运用该武器。
山地作战
山地地形复杂多变，要求士兵具 备较高的射击技巧和战术素养。 通过案例分析，可以学习如何在 山地环境中利用95式自动步枪进
行战斗。
夜间行动
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95式自动步枪实战应用
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单兵战术应用
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