【语法】名词性从句（二）
高考英语单句语法填空—名词性从句专项练习(2)精选
高考英语单句语法填空—名词性从句专项练习(2)考纲解读：名词性从句是历年高考重要的语法考点之一，也是高中英语教学的重点与难点，它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句.在历年的高考中几乎都涉及到，并且每年的命题各有变化，近两年对名词性从句主要是以语篇填空形式进行考查且考查形式为无提示型填空.高考热点：1.掌握构成名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句）的关系词和连接词等，了解从句的概念、句式结构及语法作用；此外，记住连接词that, whether/if, as if/as though, who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever, when, where, why, how, whenever, however等，然后分析它们在从句中的成分和它们所引导的从句在整个句子中的成分.2. 思考其语法特征和语义特征，注意区分同形或意思相近的连接词.3.名词构词法一）最新高考真题展示（2015）1.（2015福建，29）---I wonder ________Mary has kept her figure after all these years.--- By working out every day.2.（2015湖南，26）You have to know ________you’re going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.3.（2015陕西，19）Reading her biography, I was lost in admiration for ________Doris Lessing had achieved in literature.4.（2015重庆，8）5.（2015四川，8）The exhibition tells us ________we should do something to stop air pollution.6.（2015北京，33）7.（2015安徽，25） A ship in harbor is safe, but that’s not ________ships are built for.8.（2015浙江，6）If you swim in a river or lake, be sure to investigate ________is below the water surface. Often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water.9.（2015江苏，25）______Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some won’t accept it.（二）历年高考真题回顾（2011年至2014年）1.（2014•天津）I think ________impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses．2.（2014•全国大纲）Exactly ________the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565.3.（2014•山东）It is difficult for us to imagine _________life was like for slaves in the ancient world.4.（2014•重庆）-Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?-Yeah, but I have no idea ________he did it; that’s one of his favorite universities.5.（2014•福建）Pick yourself up. Courage is doing ________you’re afraid to do.6.（2014•浙江） “Every time you a sweet, drink green tea.” This is ________my mother used to tell me.7.（2014•湖南）As John Lennon once said, life is ________ happens to you while you are busy making other plans.8.（2014•四川）Grandma pointed to the hospital and said, “That's ________I was born.”9.（2014•陕西）________the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.10.（2013•北京）Experts believe ________people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.11.（2013•天津）________ I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.12.（2013•重庆）________ struck me most in the movie was the father’s deep love for his son.13.（2013•浙江）The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief ________you are better than anyone else on the sports field.14.（2013•湖南）Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell ________close you may be to victory.15.（2013•安徽）From space, the earth looks blue. This is ________about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.16.（2013•江西）________ one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.17.（2013•陕西）e’s policy can be put into practice.18.（2013•四川）19.（2012•安徽）The limits of a person’s in telligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but ________he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.20.（2012•重庆）Evidence has been found through years of study ________children’s early sleeping problemsare likely to continue when they grow up.21.（2012•北京）22.（2012•福建）We promise ________attends the party has a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.23.（2012•陕西）As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose ________ suits you best.24.（2012•湖南）Everyone in the village is very friendly. It doesn’t matter ________you have lived there for a short or a long time.25.（2011•北京）________Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.26.（2011•北京）The shocking news made me realize________ terrible problems we would face.27.（2011•上海） There is clear evidence ________the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain.28.（2011•上海）The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of ________others actually understand.29.（2011•山东）I am afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is ________he never finishes anything.30.（2011•山东）We’ve offered her the job, but I don’t know ________she’ll accept it.31.（2011•江西）The villagers have already known ________we’ll do is to rebuild the bridge.32.（2011•江苏）It was never clear ________the man hadn’t reported the accident sooner.33.（2011•安徽）His writing is so confusing that it’s difficult to make out ________it is he is trying to express.34.（2011•四川）Our teachers always tell us to believe in ________we do and who we are if we want to succeed.35.（2011•辽宁）Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach ________ to read first.36.（2011•辽宁）When the news came________ the war broke out, he decided, to serve in the army.37.（2011•天津）Modern science has given clear evidence________ smoking can lead to many diseases.38.（2011•陕西）I’d like to start my own business–that’s ________I’d do if I had the money.39.（2011•重庆） It is still under discussion _____the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.40.（2011•重庆） It is not always easy for the public to see________ use a new invention can be of to human life.41.（2011•湖南）Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious ________the problem itself is.【提升】It was reported ____1____there was an accident at a corner of the Roman Street this morning. No one saw____2____on earth happened then. A car ran into a truck but fortunately, nobody got injured. ____3____will be responsible for the accident is still under investigation. The police were uncertain about ____4____the driver was guilty. _____5___the police should do now is ____6____they must find out what led to the accident. They said it was difficult for them to judge because _____7___the accident happened is not clear. Perhaps the reason was____8____the driver was too tired to stop the car in time. The driver didn’t admit the fact _____9___he was over-speed driving at the turning. The police doubted ____10____what he said was true and decided to make a further investigation.【答案】1.how 2.where 3.what 4.when 5.why 6.that 7.what 8.what 9.where【答案】 1.what 2.when 3.what 4.why 5.what 6.what 7.what 8.where 9.When 10.that 11.what 12.what 13.that 14.how 15.because 16.Whichever 17.whether 18.what 19.whether 20.that 21.that 22.whoever23.whichever 24.whether 25.What 26.what 27.that 28.what 29.why 30.whether 31.what 32.why 33.what 34.what 35.how 36.that 37.that 38.what 39.whether 40.what 41.what【答案】1.that 2.what 3.Who 4.whether 5.What 6.that 7.how 8.that 9.that 10.whether。
名词性从句
语法专题二：名词性从句1. 名词性从句的基本概念：1) 主语从句：在句中充当主语；亦可用it作形式主语，主语从句置于句末。
2) 宾语从句：在句中充当及物动词或介词的宾语；亦可用it作形式宾语，宾语从句置于句末。
3) 表语从句：在句中充当系动词的表语。
4) 同位语从句：常置于fact, idea, news, promise, doubt, suggestion, possibility, belief等表示有内容的名词后，起解释、说明作用。
2. 注意：1) 名词性从句要用陈述句语序。
2) 名词性从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语时：常用what 导，亦可用which表示选择，用who/whom/whoever指人。
缺少状语：用where（表地点）, when（表时间）, how（表方式）, why（表原因）。
3) 如不缺成份：主语从句、同位语从句用that引导，不能省略；表从、单个动词宾从可省略引导词that；介词宾从、第二个宾从，引导词that一般不省略；it作形式主语或宾语时，引导实际主从或宾从，一般that不省略；当主从、宾从本身为复合句时，引导词that不省略。
如：He told us sadly that what he had done secretly was discovered by his parents.4) 含宾从的复合句中，主句和从句的时态保持一致，但如果从句中表示是客观现象，虽然主句是过去时态，从句仍用一般现在时。
5) 主语从句做主语，谓语动词用单数；如果由and 连接两个或两个以上的主语从句做主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用单数。
6) 当主句是I/We think（或suppose, expect, believe, imagine, guess）时，其后的宾语从句如果是否定的，常常把否定词not从从句中移到主句中。
7) 只能用whether，不能用if表示“是否”的情况如下：(1) 在表语从句和同位语从句中；(2) 在主语从句中，如果用it做形式主语，whether和if都能引导主语从句，否则，只能用whether(3) 在介词之后；(4) 后面直接跟动词不定式；(5) 与or not连用；(6) 引导让步状语从句，只能用whether。
2019年1819 Unit 2 Section Ⅲ Grammar——名词性从句Ⅱ与it作形式主语语文
点
拨
返 首 页
语
境
自
主
二、it 用作形式主语
领
悟
当不定式、动名词、从句等用作主语时，为避免头重脚轻，通常在句首使
随 堂
效
用形式主语 it，而把真正的主语放在句子末尾。
果 落
语 法
1．代替主语从句
实
精
要
it 代替主语从句的常用句式如下：
点
拨
返 首 页
语
境 自
(1)It be＋名词(a pity, a shame, an honour, a good idea, a miracle, a fact,
果
分，这时 what 具有两个含义：
语
落 实
法 精
①保留疑问的意义，即“什么；什么样的”；
要
点 拨
②相当于“the thing(s) that/which”，即“先行词＋定语从句”的含义。
返 首 页
语
另外，what 的此种用法还可以表示时间(the time that)、地点(the place that)、
He didn't attend the meeting.That was because he was ill.他没出席会议。那是
因为他生病了。
返 首 页
语
境
自
主
(4)同位语从句
领
悟
随
I have no idea where he has gone.
堂
效
我不知道他去哪里了。
果
落
语 法
We don't understand the problem why this is the best choice.我们不明白这个 实
高中英语语法-名词性从句精讲(共73张PPT)
Whoever wants the book may have it. I’ll do whatever I can to help him. Buy whichever is cheapest.
连接副词 when, where, how, why
when • When they will start is unknown yet. where • Where she has gone is a mystery. how • How this happened is not clear. why • Why he did that wasn’t quite unclear.
主语从句关联词 连词 that, whether 连接代词 what, who, whom, which 连接副词 when, where, how, why
连词 that, whether
只起连接作用 在从句中不充当任何句子成分
• That he will win is certain.
• It has been reported that sales of beef in China will increase.
宾语从句关联词 连词 that, whether; if 连接代词 what, who, whom, whose, which 连接副词 when, where, how, why
• I doubt _______ he will come soon. • I do not doubt _____ he will come soon. • Do you doubt _____ he will come soon?
• what surprised me was what he said.
赛领考研语法2名词性从句讲解
❖ （2）宾语从句类型 ▪ 1. 及物动词Vt. + 宾语从句
▪ King Juan Carlos of Spain once insisted kings don’t abdicate, they die in their sleep. （2015-1-阅读1）
❖This has created a paradox in that recruiting first-generation students, but then watching many of them fail, means that higher education has continued to reproduce and widen, rather than close achievement gap based on social class, according to the depressing beginning of a paper forthcoming in the journal Psychological Science. （2015-2-阅读2）
▪ Darkness gives me black eyes.
❖主语 + 系动词 + 表语 ▪ 系动词 • Be：is, am, are, was, were • 感官：seem, appear, look, sound, feel, taste, smell • 静态：remain, stay, keep • 动态：turn, become, grow, get, go ▪ 表语 • 形容词 • 名词
▪ 3. 不及物动词Vi. + 介词 + 宾语从句
• To filter out what is unique from what is shared might enable us to understand how complex cultural behavior arose and what guides it in evolutionary or cognitive terms.（12-1-翻译）
[直击高考]【语法专题】第二讲what（几乎高考必考）引导名词性从句的用法[原创首发]
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【语法专题】第二讲what（几乎高考必考）引导名词性从句的用法what引导名词性从句的用法是高考的重要考点之一。
What可以引导名词性从句，即主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句。
what在引导名词性从句时有两个重要的特点：一是它在名词性从句中一定有含义，常表示“什么”，“所…的”，“…的样子”等。
二是它在名词性从句中一定做成分，常做主语，宾语或表语。
一. What在名词性从句中的含义通常有两种：第一：“什么”这是我们最初认识what时它最基本的含义啦：1. I don't know what I should do with the problems. 我不知道该做什么来处理这些问题。
（引导宾语从句，充当do的宾语）2. What you will do next is none of my business. 你下一步做什么不关我的事。
（引导主语从句，充当do的宾语）第二：What在名词性从句中的用法有时相当于一个名词后加一个that引导的定语从句，这也是what为什么不能用在定语从句中的原因。
在这种情况下，what的含义通常有：1. 表示“……的人”，相当于the person that…。
如：He is not what he was a few years ago. （引导表语从句，充当was的表语）他不是几年前的他了。
Who is it that has made Fred what he is now？（引导宾语从句，充当第二个i s的表语）是谁把弗雷德培养成现在这样一个人的？2. 表示“……的地方”，相当于the place that…。
如：This is what they call Salt Lake City. （引导表语从句，充当call之后的宾语补足语）这就是他们称作盐湖城的地方。
What is now the North Sahara Desert was once a civilized world.现在的撒哈拉沙漠的北部曾经是一个文明世界。
名词性从句2
名词性从句名词性从句在复合句中能担任：主语、宾语(介词宾语)、表语、同位语，因此，根据它在句中不同的语法功能，可分为：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一、判断下列为何种从句：1.When we will start is not clear.2.Mrs Black won’t believe that her son has become a thief.3. My idea is that we should do it right now.4.I had no idea that you were her friend.一、判断下列为何种从句：1.主语从句2.宾语从句3.表语从句4.同位语从句二、用适当的连接词填空：1. he is has nothing to do with you.2. ticket this is has not been found out.3. _________we’ll start tomorrow will be told soon.4. __________we can buy oxen is something we need to find out.5._____________he came here is not known.6._________ we can protect the grain from damp needs to be discussed.7. __________he’ll go to see his grandmother depends on the time he can spare.8.It is clear is afraid of having a change in land ownership.9._________ bag it is can not be told.10.__________ India needs is a law to make land ownership fairer.11.It is not yet decided ________cash crop will be produced next year.12.____________ he said was right.13._________ go there must get ready by 6 o’clock.14. I can’t believe he has done such a thing.15.I am interested in he can do it in such a short time.1.Who2.Whose3.When4.Where5.When6.How7.Whether8.who9.Whose 10.What 11.What 12.What 13.Whoever 14.that 15.how考点1：连接词：that 与what 的区别翻译：As John Lennon once said, life is_____ happens to you while you are busy making other plans.当我们正在为生活疲于奔命时，生活已离我们而去。
选择性必修二Unit2重点语法：名词性从句总复习
选择性必修二Unit2重点语法：名词性从句总复习复习名词性从句【基础知识讲解】（1）高频考点：what，that用法区别;各连接词的用法（2）需掌握知识点1.名词性从句的定义，分类;2.连接词的辨别，用法;3.从句语序;4.时态（3）做题思路1. 判断是否为名词性从句2. 看从句缺不缺主干成分缺，用连接代词；不缺，用连接副词或连接词；翻译看意思（4）易错点1.强调句和主语从句的区别: 强调句去掉it is/was…… that/who句子仍完整，主从去掉后不完整2.定语从句和同位语从句区别需掌握知识点:1.定义：主、宾、表、同位语从句2.名词性从句和其他从句的区别：从句在主句中做主语，宾语，表语，同位语，分别对应主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句。
3.连接词1). 从属连词：that, whether/if that：无词义，在宾从中可省（在从句中不做成分）区别：whether/if：有词义：是否例句I think (that) you are right.I don’t know whether (≠ if ) or not I should take his advice .They asked whether (= if ) we need any help.What he wants to tell us is not clear.Who will win the match is still unknown.以及：whoever, whomever, whichever, whateverwhere：哪里3). 连接副词：why：为什么（有词义，在从句how：怎么样中作状语，具体选when：什么时候择按意思）例句It is known to us how he became a writer.Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.以及：wherever, however, whenever注意事项：1. what，that区分：what在从句中可做主语，宾语，表语，有两个意思：东西，什么；而that在从句中不做任何成分，也没有任何意思。
02 名词性从句要点精读与精练-备战2023年中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力双清(通用版)
备战2023年中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力双清(通用版)名词性从句1【名词性从句重难点梳理】①What was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality ．(what 为“所……的事”，相当于“the thing that…；all that…；everything that…”)②After ________ seemed a very long time ，I opened my eye and found myself in bed ．（M ET'93）A.whatB.whenC.thatD.which(what 相当于“the time that”，表示“……时间”)③He is not what he was a few years ago. Who is it that has made Fred what he is now ？ (what 表示“……的人”，相当于“the person that…”)④What is now the North Sahara Desert was once a civilized world ．(what 表示“……的地方”，相当于“the place that…”)⑤Our income is now double what it was ten years ago(what 表示“……的数目”，相当于“the amount ／number that…”)一、单项选择1. —Do you know ________.—He has been stuck on the highway for half an hour.A. why hasn’t he arrived yetB. what happened to him知识强化2C. if he would arrive soonD. how often he exercises2. —What a new headphone! Can you tell me ________?—Just the day before yesterday.A. when you bought itB. how much you paid for itC. where did you buy itD. how long have you had it3. —Can you tell me ________?—Hardly ever. My parents don’t like junk food.A. why your parents dislike eating hamburgersB. if you like hamburgers or pizzaC. how often you eat in McDonaldD. what food you usually order4. — What did your son say to you, Mr. Griffin?— He asked me ________.A. what the life will be like in 500 yearsB. when would we go to Taiwan for a holidayC. if he could play computer games after finishing his homeworkD. who was Mobike invented by5. —I don’t know ________ during the winter vacation. Any advice?—How about doing a part-time Job?A. what should I doB. what I should doC. where should I goD. where I should go6. —Do you know ________.—It was scheduled to be held from September 10 to 25 this year, but it is postponed (推迟).A. when was the 19th Asian GamesB. how long will the 19th Asian Games lastC. when the 19th Asian Games will be heldD. why the 19th Asian Games is postponed7. —Could you tell me ________?—Go along this road and take the second turning on the left.A. where I can get to the restroomB. how can I get to the restroomC. which is the way to the restroomD. where can I get to the restroom8. —Could you please tell me ________?—Sure. First of all, you’d better make sure you’ve got everything you need.A. where can I buy a Chinese lanternB. when the Chinese lantern show isC. how I can make a Chinese lanternD. what is a Chinese lantern made of9. —Can you spare time to have dinner with me this evening?—Well, I’m not sure _______.A. that I can finish the workB. how can I finish the workC. when can I finish the workD. whether I can finish the work by then10. —What a cold day today! Yesterday it was burning outside.—Yes. We hardly know ________ every day in Wuhan.A. what we should wearB. how should we wearC. whether could we wear a T-shirtD. what the weather was like11. —I was wondering __________.—They were just having a heated discussion about the graduation ceremony.A. who hasn’t finished the report yetB. if they had arrived there in timeC. what was going on when I came inD. what they are talking about12. — What did Tom say to you just now, John?— He asked ________.A. why I am so happy todayB. what the matter wasC. who did I play football with after schoolD. if I could go to the movie with him tonight13. —The light in our son’s study is still on. And I wonder ________.—Maybe at midnight again. He always has too much homework before exams.A. when he will finish writingB. if will he finish writingC. when will he finish writingD. if he will finish writing14. —Young people are always told ________.—That’s why they are under too much pressure.A. if they should make the most of their timeB. how should they make more timeC. that they should make the most of their timeD. why should they make the most of their time15. —Could you tell me ________?—Of course, last night.A. how you came to ChinaB. how did you come to ChinaC. when you reached XianningD. when did you reach Xianning16. —David didn’t finish the task on time.— ________ he looks so sad.A. He thinksB. Not matterC. No wonderD. I wonder17. It isn’t what you have or who you are that makes you happy or unhappy, but________ you think about it.A. whetherB. whatC. howD. why18. —I took care of my grandfather in hospital.—Is that ________ you had a few days off?A. whatB. whenC. whyD. where19. A ship is safe if it stays in a harbour(港口). But it is not ________ it is built.A. whatB. howC. whyD. where20. See the flags on top of the building? That was________ we did this morning.A. whenB. whichC. whereD. what21. ―Could we fi nish the task according to the schedule(进度表)?―I doubt that. The problem is________we can raise enough money within a week.A. thatB. howC. whyD. when22. A ship is safe if it stays in a harbor. But this is not ________ it is built for.A. whatB. howC. whyD. where23. A ship is safe if it stays in a harbour. But this is not ___________ it is built.A. whatB. howC. whyD. where24. Pay no attention to those who laugh at you. What matters most is ________ you see yourself.A. whatB. whenC. howD. which25. —Maggie, it seems _______ you like to work with animals.—Yeah, I think animals should _______ as our friends.A. what; regardB. that; regardC. what; be regardedD. that; be regarded26. —Please tell me which restaurant ________.—OK, I will tell you as soon as possible.A. you will go toB. will you go toC. you have gone toD. have you gone to27. —Could you tell me ________?—Of course. I suggest the Center Library.A. where can I buy a storybookB. when I can buy a storybookC. where I can buy a storybook28. —Do you know ________ the new mobile phone last week?—Maybe 900 yuan. I’m not quite sure.A. when she will pay forB. when will she pay forC. how much did she pay forD. how much she paid for29. —Tom’s birthday is coming. I’m thinking about ________ on that day. What about you? —A party sounds nice.A. what present will I give herB. if we would hold a partyC. when we’ll have a big mealD. how I will give her a surprise30. —Cindy, do you know ________ a graduation ceremony?—Yes. It’s going to be held on Friday.A. when we hadB. when did we haveC. when will we haveD. when we will have31. — Excuse me, sir. I wonder ________.—Sorry, I don’t wear a watch, either.A. what time it is nowB. if you know Mr. GreenC. which is the way to the libraryD. when we will have dinner32. —Lingling, do you know ________?—Next Sunday morning.A. when will the school meeting beginB. when the school meeting will beginC. where will the school meeting beginD. where the school meeting will begin33. Our Geography teacher asked us________.A. why the earth went around the sunB. why did the earth go around the sunC. why does the earth go around the sunD. why the earth goes around the sun34. —Could you tell me ________ kind of movies you like best?—I like the movies ________ make me learn more about the world.A. what; whichB. what; whatC. which; whatD. which; where35. —Johnson, could you tell me ________?—I want to travel by high-speed train to feel the vitality (活力) of China.A. how you spent your vacationB. when you are going to travelC. what you will do after the examD. how will you spend your vacation二、完成句子36. 你还记得这座桥是什么时候修建的吗？Do you still remember ________.37. 我实在无法想象我怎么能在网课期间这样无所事事，懒散度日。
高中英语人教版(2019)选择性必修第二册Unit 2 语法名词性从句
●I will just say whatever comes into my mind. ●我想到什么就说什么。 ●Whoever breaks the rules will be punished. ●无论谁违反这些规则都将受到处罚
●⑤The problem is__w_h_o_/w_h_o_m_ we can get to solve this question.
●⑥A straw shows__w_h_ic_h __ way the wind blows. ●⑦Have you decided ___w_h_om__ you are to elect as your
reading. ● ④Let me know___w_h_e_th_e_r__ or not you can come. ● ⑤I don't know _w_h_e_th_e_r_/i_f he still lives there after so many years. ● ⑥We are interested in__w_h_e_th_e_r_ you will attend the meeting. ● ⑦Give me your promise _t_h_at__ you will come to our party this evening. ● ⑧He has made it clear__th_a_t_ he will not give in.
worked. ● ⑤They insisted that everyone (should)come to the party. ● ⑥The proposal that we (should)import more equipment from abroad is to be
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【语法】名词性从句（二） Ⅳ.名词性从句的特殊用法：（一）引导名词性从句只用whether不用if的情况: 1. 引导主语从句置于句首时：e.g. Whether he can finish the work on time is not clear. 2. 引导表语从句时：e.g. The problem is whether the meeting will be held. 3. 引导同位语从句时：e.g. I have no idea whether he is willing to help us. 4. 引导宾语从句前置时：e.g. Whether they will join in the Winter Camp I don’t care. 5. 作介词宾语时：e.g. We aren’t interested in whether he will agree with us or not. 6. 作动词discuss的宾语时：e.g. We are now discussing whether we should group these three companies. 7. 其后接动词不定式时：e.g. Can you tell me whether to go or to stay? 8. 与or not直接连用时，用whether，即whether or not，如果分开时，两者都可以，即whether/ if… or not。e.g. I don’t care whether or not he has a holiday.＝I don’t care whether/ if he has a holiday or not. （二）同位语从句与定语从句的区别: 1. 同位语从句既“说明、修饰”先行词，又“等同”于先行词。定语从句“修饰、限制”先行词，由“关系词”替代先行词，在从句中充当成分。e.g. We are delighted at the news that we are going to spend our summer vacation in Dalian. (同位语从句)Neither of us showed any interest in the news that John told us yesterday. (定语从句) 2. that在从句中的作用同位语从句中that为连接词，只起连接作用，在从句中不作成分，一般也不能省略；定语从句中的that为关系代词，在从句中充当句子成分，可作主语、宾语和表语，作宾语时常可省略。e.g. The news (that) he told me surprised me. (定语从句)The news that he gave in surprised me. (同位语从句) 3. 其他引导词的使用引导同位语从句的词除连接词that外，还可用whether，连接代词who，what及连接副词when, where, how, why等；引导定语从句的词除that外，还有关系代词who, whom, whose, which, as以及关系副词when, where, why。 （三）wh-ever和“no matter＋wh-”:wh-ever既可引导名词性从句，又可引导让步状语从句，而no matter wh-只能引导让步状语从句。e.g. Whatever/ No matter what I said，he wouldn’t listen to me. (让步状语从句)He would believe whatever/ anything that I said. (宾语从句)考点归纳:名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句和表语从句。考查要点主要是连接代词和副词的正确使用，主语、谓语的语序，双重连接词以及特殊句型的使用等。其考点主要包括： 1. 名词性从句的连接词。如：有词义的连接代词who, whose, whom, what, which; 连接副词when, where, why, how; 从属连词that, whether, if, as if; 无词义的that在从句中不担任成分，有时可省略。 2. 名词性从句的语序和时态。 3. it作形式主语、形式宾语的情况。 如：It＋be＋形容词＋that从句，It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句，It＋be＋名词＋that从句，It＋不及物动词(appear, happen等)＋that从句 4. 名词性从句中的虚拟语气。如：It is (was)＋essential (important, natural…)＋that…；It is (was) suggested (demanded, wished, desired…) that…等。 5. what引导名词性从句时的语义功能和语法功能。如：what＝the thing that/ anything that…；what＝the place that…；what＝the time that…；what＝the person that…等。 6. whoever, whatever, whichever引导名词性从句时的语义功能和语法功能。重点考查连接词that, what的用法； 特殊疑问词引导的名词性从句； wh-ever引导的名词性从句。 Ⅴ.名词性从句的热点预测：（一）主语从句: 1. 主要考点: 1. that引导主语从句时, 常用it作形式主语, 常见的句型:①It+ be+形容词+ that从句②It+ be+名词 (短语)+ that从句③It+ be+过去分词(said/told/reported/decided等)+ that从句④It+ 特殊动词 (seems/ appears/ happens/ matters)+ that从句 2. what与that在引导主语从句时的区别:what引导主语从句时在从句中充当句子成分, 如主语、宾语、表语, 而that引导从句, 不充当成分。e.g. What you said yesterday is right. (what引导主语从句, 作said的宾语)That English is important is an undoubted fact. (that引导主语从句, 不作任何成分, 但不可省略) 3. 主语从句若含有“是否”意义, 其引导词只能用whether, 不能用if。e.g. Whether he will be able to come tomorrow remains a question. 1. 突破技巧: 1. 掌握形式主语的句式及变化，根据句意选取合适连接词, 除that在句子中没有意义, 但不能省略外, 其他连接词均在句中有意义。 2. what, that, which, whether连接主语从句的区别。 （二）宾语从句: 1. 主要考点: 1. 动词find, feel, think, consider, take (认为), make, believe, guess, suppose, assume等后面有宾语补足语时, 且宾语是从句时, 需用it作形式宾语而将that引导的宾语从句后置。 2. 宾语从句的语序为陈述语序; 主句谓语动词用一般现在时, 从句谓语动词可以用各种时态; 主句谓语动词用一般过去时, 从句需用过去的相应时态, 但从句若表示客观真理、规律, 用一般现在时。e.g. He said that he had been to the space station. 3. 由whether或if引导的宾语从句, 要保持陈述句语序。此外, whether与if在作“是否”讲时, 一般可以换用, 但在下列情况下一般只能用whether, 不用if。①引导的从句作介词宾语时。e.g. Everything depends on whether we have enough money.②从句中有or或whether or not连用时。e.g. I wonder whether or not he will come.Tell me whether or not I should invite Nick.③后接动词不定式时。e.g. Can you tell me whether to go or to stay? 1. 突破技巧: 1. 把握句意, 选取合适的连接词、时态、语序; 2. 注意whether与if的互换和区别。 （三）表语从句: 1. 考查内容: 1. 表语从句常跟在这些系动词后, 如be, look, remain, seem等。e.g. That is just what I want. 2. 除常用的连接代词、副词外, as if/ though, because, why等也可以引导宾语从句。e.g. It looks as if it’s going to rain. 3. 引导表语从句的that不能省略; if不能用于引导表语从句。e.g. The reason is that he got up late. 1. 突破技巧: 1. 理解句意, 把握语境, 扣准连接词在句中的含义; 2. 掌握系动词后的表语从句辨析that, because, if, whether。 （四）同位语从句: 1. 考查内容: 1. 同位语从句中的名词：在复合句中, 同位语从句说明其前面名词的具体内容, 同位语从句通常由that引导(that不能省略)。可用于同位语从句的名词有advice, demand, doubt, fact, hope, idea, information, message, news, order, problem, promise, question, request, suggestion, truth, wish, word等。e.g. The news that the Shenzhou-Ⅹspaceship set off successfully is exciting.I have no idea when he will come back home.The thought came to him that