英语国家社会与文化第十单元
英语国家社会与文化入门(下册)-答案
Key to Exercises 001
UNIT ❶
I. 1. 毛利人，毛利人的 2. 库克海峡 3. 绿党 4. 《21 世纪议程》 5. 沉浸式强化学习（外语）
II.
1. T
2. F
3. F
4. F
5. T
6. F
7. T
8. F
III. 1. Southwest Pacific; Australia 2. Байду номын сангаасothern; July 3. English, Maori 4. isolation 5. Waitangi Tribunal 6. East Polynesia 7. nuclear-free 8. South Pacific; European
UNIT ❸
I. 1. 中世纪 2. 清教徒 3. 五月花号 4. （白人）契约奴 5. 贵格会，教友派 6. 波士顿倾茶党
II.
1. T
2. T
3. F
6. F
7. T
8. F
III. 1. Letters from An American Farmer 2. Asia, Europe, Africa 3. the Incas, the Mayas 4. 1492 5. John Cabot 6. Martin Luther, John Calvin 7. Virginia 8. tobacco 9. Maryland, Catholic 10. The American Revolution
2. T
3. F
4. F
5. F
6. T
7. F
8. F
III. 1. melting pot; salad bowl 2. New York; Wall 3. Mississippi; Missouri 4. antebellum; agricultural 5. breadbasket; salad bowl 6. colonists; Northern Europeans; Southern Europeans 7. Ireland; Potato Famine 8. literacy 9. Protestant; Catholic 10. John F. Kennedy
九年级英语第十单元PPT教学课件
Different countries have different culture.
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2a Maria is an exchange student. Last night she h ad dinner at an American friend’s house. Listen and check (√) the mistakes Maria made.
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敬礼
(make a salute)
You are supposed to make a salute when you meet them for the first time.
What are you supposed to do when you meet them for the first time?
。
• 2. 了解西方国家的风土人情和习俗。 • 重点:be supposed to的用法 • 难点：中西方人们见面礼仪的差别。
培养学生跨文化交际意识。
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Warming up: What do people do when they meet for the first time.
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A: What are you supposed to do when you meet him from China for the first time?
B: You are supposed to shake hands when you meet him for the first time.
Unit 10 You’re supposed to shake
英语国家社会与文化入门课后题答案
Book1 Unit 11.What was the British Empire? What do you know about it? In what way is the “Empire” still felt in Britain and in the international field?The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates, and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom, that had originated with the overseas colonies and trading posts established by England in the late 16th and early 17th centuries.In the international field, Britain has great voice in politics, economy and culture and so on.2.Why impossible to sum up British people with a few simple phrases: The UK is made up of different elements. It includes 4 parts within the one nation-state. It is now a multiracial society with different religion believes. It is divided economically and it is a society with a class-structure. And within each of the four countries there are different regions. Since this country was so complicated both in history or humanity, it is impossible to sum up their people.3.tribal kindoms of Celtic people. They brought the central Europen culture to Britain. Then in 43AD, Roman Empire invaded Britain and controlled it for slave society but also disseminated their Catholicism. (2)However, in the 5th century, the Roman Empire rapidly waned in power and Britain was conquered by the Angles and the Saxons. In order to defend the Saxons, a great leader—King Arthur appeared. He created the "round table" to satisfy all the knights' requirement of having equal precedence. Thus it gradually formed the monarchy in Britain as a more democratic system. Whether Arthur's a real person in the history or not, Anglo-Saxons did succeed in invading Britain and they were the forefathers of the English. (3)In the 8th century, the Vikings from Denmark controlled the nothern and eastern England. A Anglo-Saxon herio, king Alfred the Great fought against the vikings with the truly English. And that's why there's a certain cultural difference between northerners and southerners in England (4)Later, the Nomans from northern France, under the leading of William of Normandy, killed the king and William became the Frist of England. They imported a rulling class that French-speaking Norman aristocracy rulled Saxon and English-speaking population. In this condition, there weren't a lot of rebellions among the English people. That directly formed an English unique character: a richly unconventional interior life hidden by an external conformity. Even today, we can still find this personality from the British people through their lifestyles.How did they influence culture:[接着上边一起看] (2) a lot of stories of King Arthur, which brought a lot of singers, poets, novelists and filmmakers. Places associated with his legend. Round table was ween as an indicator of the way in which the English have wished to see their monarch as something other than a remote dictator. (3)anglo-saxon invaders were the forefathers of the English. By Vikings' settlements the Enlish heroes were truly English. There remains to this day a certain cultural divide between northerners and southerners in england.(4)Norman aristocracy ruling a largely Saxon and English-speaking population. the legend of Robin Hood.4.General characteristic of Scotland: Scotland is the second largest of the four nations, both in population and in geographical area. It is also the most confident of its own identity because alone amongst the non-English components of the UK it has previously spent a substantial period of history as a unified state independent of the UK. (1) rugged. (2) not conquered by the Romans (3) maintain its separate political identity for more than a hundred years.(4) eager for independence.How Scotland became part of the union of Great Britain: in 1707 by agreement of the English and Scottish parliaments, Scotland joined the Union. In 1745 there was a brutal military response from the British army. The rebel army was destroyed at the battle of Culloden in northern Scotland.5.Describe Wales and the unification with Britain: (1) wales was an important element in Britain's industrial revolution, as it had rich coal deposits. It is successful in attracting investment from abroad. Wales has been dominated by England for longer than the other nations of the union. Despite this nearness and long-standing political integration Wales retains a powerful sense of its difference from England. (2)Wales has been dominated by England for longer than the other nations of the union. Despite this nearness and long-standing political integration Wales retains a powerful sense of its difference from England. In 1536, wales was brought legally, administratively, and politically into the UK by an act of the British parliament. This close long-standing relationship means that modern wales lacks some of the outward signs of difference which Scotland possesses --- its legal system and its education system are exactly the same as in England.6.Differences between England, Scotland and Wales in terms of cultural tradition: [书上说的比较散，建议参考festival那章的答案，这里只有一些零散的不系统的比较] (1) English character: a richly unconventional interior life hidden by an external conformity. But young people are not all stereotypes. But it is certainly true that the lifeless fronts of many english houses conceal beautiful back gardens. (2)The dream of an independent Scotland has not vanished. They are always eager for freedom. Scotland has a great tradition of innovation in the arts, philosophy and science. "Superficially fully integrated into the UK, but concealed beneath this is a still-strong Scottish identity." Some people speak Gaelic.(3)Wales is different, and one of the key markers of that diffenece is the Welsh language -- the old British Celtic tongue which is still in daily use. Modern wales lacks some of the outward signs of difference which Scotland possesses. (its legal system and education system are exactly the same as in England)Unit 21.Why is Northern Ireland so significant in the UK: Though Northern Ireland is small it is significant because of the political troubles there.Its political problem: The problem is in Northern Ireland in 1921 in southern Ireland independence from Britain, Ireland North and South following the separation of issues left over by history, mixed it with historical, political, ethnic and religious conflicts, extremely complex. Ireland’s independence, to remain under British rule within the framework of the 6 in the northern island of Ireland residents of the pro-British Protestant majority (about 51%), the Catholic nationalist minority (about 38%), as a result of the two major forces in Northern Ireland On the contrary position of ownership and lead to confrontation, conflict. [因为发现实在太难sum up了，所以就搜了一下，以下是wikipedia版本]Northern Ireland was for many years the site of a violent and bitter ethno-political conflict —the Troubles —which was caused by divisions between nationalists, who are predominantly Roman Catholic, and unionists, who are predominantly Protestant. Unionists want Northern Ireland to remain as a part of the United Kingdom,[6] while nationalists wish for it to be politically reunited with the rest of Ireland, independent of British rule. [网络其它版本]Until 1921 the full name of the UK was "The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland", not only "Northern Ireland", because the whole island of Ireland was politically integrated with Great Britain, and had been since 1801, while Britain's domination of the Irish dated back centuries even before that date. But Irish desires for an independent Irish state were never lost, and one of the key issues in late nineteenth century British politics was a campaign in parliament for what was called "home-rule"—Irish political control of Irish affairs. The Home Rule Bill was finally passed in 1914, but the process was overtaken by the First World War and was suspended for the duration of the war.2.Factors in Irish and English history that affect the situation in Northern Ireland today: Along with the political campaign for home-rule there were groups who followed a more direct method of pursuing Irish independence, engaging in guerilla or terrorist activities against British institutions and the British military forces. During the First World War and immediately after, this activity increased, sometimes brutally suppressed by British forces.3.Sum up solutions to NI's political problems of different parties and groups in the UK: Margaret Thatcher's government did not give in to this demand for political status and 11 prisoners starved to death. This event revitalised the political campaign of Sinn Fein, the legal political party which supports the IRA's right to fight. Its leaders spoke of a twin campaign for union with Ireland, both political and military, which they called the policy of "The Bullet and the Ballot Box".4.What do you think should be the right solution to the political problem in Northern Ireland: I think they can ask the UN for help. / Keep the present status. Turn to other countries for help. [自由发挥啦]Unit 31.Characteristics of the British constitutional monarchy: The monarch of the country has limited rights because of Bill of Right. For example, while the official head of state is the queen, her powers are largely traditional and symbolic. The government at national and local levels is elected by the people and governs according to British constitutional principles.How the English monarchy evolved to present constitutional monarchy: Originally the power of the monarch was largely derived from the ancient doctrine of the "divine right of kings". For a thousand years Britain has had a hereditary king or queen as the head of the state. While the King in theory had God on his side, in practice even in medieval times it was thought that he should not exercise absolute power. King John was unwilling to receive advice from prominent men, which led battles between the king and other powerful groups. Finally the king granted them a charter, named Magna Carta, of liverty and political rights. The civil war2.The civil war was rooted in a dispute over the power of the king vis-a-vis Parliament. James I and his successor Charles I both insisted on their divine right as kings. They felt Parliament had no real political right to exist, but only existed because the king allowed it to do so. It was the effort to reassert the rights of parliament that led to the civil war.English Revolution: "English Revolution" has been used to describe two different events in English history. The first was the Glorious Revolution of 1688, whereby James II was replaced by William III and Mary II as monarch and a constitutional monarchy established, was described by Whig historians as the English Revolution.[1]In the twentieth-century, however, Marxist historians used the term "English Revolution" to describe the period of the English Civil Wars and Commonwealth period (1640-1660), in which Parliament challenged King Charles I's authority, engaged in civil conflict against his forces, and executed him in 1649. This was followed by a ten-year period of bourgeois republican government, the "Commonwealth", before monarchy was restored in the shape of Charles' son, Charles II, in 1660.3.History of English parliament: Traditionally, when medieval kings wanted to raise money he would try to persuade the Great Council, a gathering of leading, wealthy barons which the kings summoned several times a year. Later kings found this group was so small that they could not make ends meet. So they widened the Great Council to include representatives of counties, cities and towns and get them to contribute. It was in this way that the Great Council came to include the House of Lords(who were summoned) and the House of Commons(representatives of communities).What role did the parliament play in the Civil War: Since James I and Charles I both thought that Parliament didn't need to exist, the Parliament was enraged. Leading politicians and church authorities asked William of Orange to replace them two. In 1689 Parliament passed the bill of Rights which ensured that the King would never be able to ignore Parliament.4.Characteristics of British constitution: Unlike many nations, Britain has no core constitutional documents.Contents: Statute laws(laws passed by Parliament); the common laws(laws which have been established through common practice in the courts); and conventions(rules and practices which do not exist legally but are nevertheless regarded as vital to the workings of government).5.Why parliament is supreme: because it alone has the power to change the terms of the Constitution. There are no legal restraints upon Parliament.Parliament's function: First, it passes laws. Second, it provides the means of carrying on the work of government by voting for taxation. Third, it scrutinises government policy, administration and expenditure. Fourth, it debates the major issues of the day.Queen/King's role: To symbolise the tradition and unity of the British state. To represent Britain at home and broad. To set standards of good citizenship and family life. She is legally head of the executive, an integral part of the legislature, head of the judiciary, commander in chief of the armed forces and "supreme governor" of the Church of England.PM's role: The Prime Minister is the leader of the political party which wins the most seats in a general election. He/She chose usually around 20 MPs to become government ministers in the Cabinet. Together they carry our the functions of policy-making, the coordination of government departments and the supreme control of government.6.The House of Lords: It was below the Queen, consisting of the Lords Spiritual(who are the Archbishops and most prominent bishops of the Church of England) and the Lords Temporal(which refers to those lords who either have inherited the seat from their forefathers of they have been appointed). The lords mainly represent themselves instead of the interests of the public. It is the upper house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, the United Kingdom's national legislature. It remains the relationship with government, debates legislation and has some power to amend or reject bills (has some legislative functions).Unit 41.Anyone who is eligible to vote can stand as an MP. It is necessary only to make a deposit of 500 pounds.Why small parties and independent candidates powerless: V oters will see it as a wasted vote because even if they were to win the seat they would be powerless in parliament against the big parties' representatives. V oting them will prevent the voters from contributing to the competition between the big parties as to which of them will form a government.2.Three big parties in the UK: the Labour party, the Conservative party, the Liberal Democrats.Similarities: Since Conservative began to have a "fartherly" sense of obligation to the less fortunate in society, they didn't dismantle principles the Labour set up. That indicates that thus the difference between the Labour and Conservative is one of degree, not an absolute.Dissimilarities: (1) Labour is a socialist party. They believe a society should be relatively equal in economic terms and that part of the role of government is to act as a "redistributive" agent. They think government should provide a range of public services, therefore high taxes. (2) Conservative is the party that spent most time in power. They are seen as the party of the individual, protectingindividual's right to acquire wealth and to spend it how they choose, therefore low taxes. (3) Liberal Democrats is a party of the "middle", occupying the ideological ground between the two main parties. They are comparatively flexible and pragmatic in their balance of the individual and the social.3.Recent political trends [注意下一小问]: (1) Conservatives won the election under their leader Margaret Thatcher in the 1970s. During that time the economy did badly, with high inflation and low growth. (2) she dismissed being "fartherly", encourages entrepreneurship. One of the major policies was the privatisazion of nationalised industry. (3)part of the mechanism of change was a less redistributive taxation system. Tax rate were cut to allow people to keep more of what they earned.Author's opinion: The 1980s have seen British politics move to the "right", away from the "pulic" and toward the "private"; away from the "social", and toward the "individual", and all parties have had to adjust to those changes.4.How people are divided into different classes: (1) employment: manual(or blue-collar) workers usually call themselves working-class, and office(or white-collar) workers would usually call themselves middle-class. (2) cultural differences: like what newspaper they read. Working-class often read THE SUN, a newspaper with little hard news and more about soap operas, royal family and sports. Middle-class often read THE GUARDIAN, a larger newspaper with longer stories, covering national and international events. (3) education: private school or public school. (4) the UK has also retained a hereditary aristocracy. (5) the way they speak.Compare with the US and China: not similar at all. The UK has also retained a hereditary aristocracy. Among the students at the private schools attended by the upper-middle-class above would be a thin scattering of aristocratic children, who will inherit titles like baronets. This is due to Britain's different history and convention.Unit 51.Absolute decline means recession, developing in a minus speed.Relative decline means that although the UK improved, other countries developed more rapidly than the UK, which made it slid from being the second largest economy to being the sixth.Reasons: (1) The UK had gone into debt after WWII. (2) Britain spent a higher proportion of its national wealth on the military than most of its competitors. (Joining NATO and UN Security Council) (3)The era of empire was over. Former colonial countries announced independence, leaving Britain as a medium-size Euporean country. (4)Britain's industry survived comparatively unaffected, but its competitors did not. So the competitors invested in modern equipment and new products while British industry still continue with older ones.(5) Low rates of investment. The UK lacks a close relationship between industry and banks due to its history. A low rate of domestic industrial investment coupled with a very high rate of overseas investment.2.What did the conservative party under Mrs. Thatcher promise to do to the UK national economy in 1979:A radical programme of reform.What was her radical reform programme: Bureaucracy was reduced, (foreign exchange controls were lifted, rules governing banks loosened, for example). Throughout the 1980s an extensive programme of privatisation was carried out.Was is successful: It seemed in some ways to be successful in that inflation came under control, and business made profits. The negative aspect was a rapid increase in unemployment. The national economy as a whole continued to grow at lower rates than its competitors.3.Main areas in national economies: Primary industries such as agriculture, fishing and mining; secondary industries which manufacture complex goods from those primary products; tertiary/service industries such as banking, insurance, tourism and the retailing.Development of each: (1) agricultural sector is small but efficient. Energy production is an important part of the UK economy. (2)in the secondary sector, manufacturing industry remains important, producing 22% of national wealth.(3)tertiary or service industries produce 65% of national wealth.4.Why relatively shrinking of the important secondary industry and a spectacular growth in tertiary or service industries: A lot of the tertiary or service industries is domestic activity, accounting for about 10% of the world's exports of such services. 70% of the UK's workforce are employed in the service sector.Compare tertiary industries in China in the past 20 years or so: Chinese tertiary industries didn't grow as fast as the UK, though the portion was increasing.How is this growth related to the reform and opening up to the outside world: China was famous for the name of "world factory", which means Chinese workforces can produce products at low paid. China is a developing country, experiencing the transfer of manufacturing is reasonable. However, as China is developing, wages of workforces are also increasing. Comparing to India, we may lose our "advantage" gradually.Unit 61.Why Geoffrey Chaucer's work written in Middle English can still read and studied today: It is notable for its diversity, both in the range of social types amongst the 31pilgrims, and the range in style of the stories they tell.2.Do you think Elizabethan Drama occupies a significant position in British literature: Yes. Elizabethan drama, and Shakespeare in particular, is considered to be among the earliest work to display a "modern" perception of the world: full of moral doubts and political insecurities, where the right of those who wield power to do so is put in question.The most important figure in Elizabethan Drama: William ShakespeareSome of his well-known plays: (tragedies)Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, Macbeth; (comedies)The Taming of the Shrew, A Midsummer Night's Dream, Twelfth Night, the Tempest; (history plays)Richard III, Richard II, Henry IV, Henry V jJulius Caesar, Antony and Cleopatra.3.Some of the features of Romantic Literature: writers of romantic literature are more concerned with imagination and feeling than with the power of reason.4.Modernism: it refers to a form of literature mainly written before WWII. It is characterized by a high degree of experimentation. It can be seen as a reaction against the 19th century forms of Realism. Modernist writers express the difficulty they see in understanding and communicating how the world works. Often they seem disorganized, hard to understand. It often portrays the action from the viewpoint of a single confused individual, rather than from the viewpoint of an all-knowing impersonal narrator outside the action.Postmodernism: After WWII. Postmodernist can be thought of as abandoning the search of buried meaning below confusing surfaces.Examples to illustrate: (modernist) Virginia Woolf "Mrs.Dalloway""to the Lighthouse""Orlando"; wrence "Sons and Lovers" and E.M.Forster "a Passage to India"; (postmodernist)George Orwell "1984", John Fowles "the French Lieutenant's woman"Book I Unit 7, British Education System1.What are the purposes of the British education system? Please comment on thesepurposes. What are the main purposes of the Chinese education system? Are there any differences or similarities in the education of the two nations?Schools in Britain do not just teach the students 3 Rs, (reading, writing and arithmetic), but to provide children with literacy and the other basic skills they will need to become active members of society.2.How does the British education system reflect social class?Firstly, in Britain, the school you attend can refer to your social status.And the school tie is a clear market of social class,3.What are the major changes that have taken place since World War II? Is Britisheducation moving towards more progress or more equality? Pick up some examples from the text to illustrate your points.1)The old education system has disrupted due to the war. So with the help of thechurch and newly powerful trade unions began to reconstruct a new education system.2)The new system emphasizes equality. 1944 education act made entry tosecondary schools and universities meritocratic. Children would be able admitted to schools not because they were of a certain social class or because their parents possessed a certain amount of money, but because of the abilities they displayed. All children were given right to a free secondary education and the main concern was to make sure more children had access to a good education.3)1989, a national curriculum was introduced by the government.4.Why does the author say that universities in Britain have rather elitist?Most students in British universities are from the middle classes, attend good schools, perform well in their A-levels and receive a fully-funded place in a university. And when they graduate, they can become very influential in banking, the media, the arts, education or even the government.5.What is the Open University in Britain? What do you think of this system?The opening university offers a non-traditional route for people to take university level courses and receive a university degree. People can register without having any formal educational qualifications. They follow university courses through textbooks, TV and radio broadcasts, correspondence, videos, residential schools and a network of study centre.I think the system has been quite successful. Thanks to the system, tens ofthousands of Britons, from various statuses attend the Open University each year.And this has improve the equali ty in Britain’s high education.Unit 8 British Foreign Relations1.What and how did the British Empire end? How did the Britain react to thisreality? How did the end of British imperialism influence the psychology of the British and the making of Britain’s foreign policy?1)After the World War II the British could no longer afford to maintain its empire;while Britain had won the war, it had paid a terrible price in terms of lives and in terms of economic destruction. And the British realized that countries should be granted the independence and left to run their own affairs. People and territory should not just be treated as a source of economic resources for the ruling centers of commerce in Europe.2)Many people are still alive who can remember when Britain was one of the mostpowerful and rich nations on earth. It is sometimes hard to think about Britain as it really is today.3)Because Britain lost its empire so recently, british policy makers frequentlyforget that Britain is not as influential as it used to be in world affairs. Historians argue that the British foreign policy makers retain very conservative and traditional views of Britain’s role as a world power and point to many major foreign policy decisions as examples.2.What are the foundations of Brita in’s foreign policy?It is greatly influenced by its imperial history and also by its geopolitical traits.Britain’s imperial history made the policy maker very conservative and traditional.And its geopolitical traits created a sense of psychological isolation in its inhabitants. And as Britain is an island state, it naturally developed as a nation of seafarers who roamed the globe looking for territory and economic opportunities.3.How is Britain’s foreign policy made? Does the government’s foreign policyrepresent the desires of British citizen?1)The prime minister and cabinet decide on the general direction of Britain’sforeign policy. The main government department involved is of course the foreign and commonwealth office but many other government ministries also play a part in formulating and executing the government’s decisions.2)Since Britain is a parliamentary democracy, the government’s foreign policy intheory represented the desires of its electorate , but in fact british citizens are more concerned about issues closer to home. On the whole, they are not very inclined to try to influence the direction of Britain’s foreign policy. There are a number of different interest groups however, and it is interesting that rare occurrences of civil disobedience in the UK often involve foreign policy issues.4.Why does the author say that the decision to join the EC was and remainscontroversial in Britain?1)It is an important psychological decision for the nation because traditionallyBritain had looked beyond its European neighbors felling that really it had more common with the United States on the one hand and the commonwealth on the other. To many Britons, membership in the European community meant turning its back on these “old friends”.。
人教版九年级英语课件：Unit 10 单元话题阅读与写作课件(共13张PPT)
I hope you'll have a wonderful time in our country.
Yours，
Wang Ming
点评：1.本文结构清晰，各要点内容充实； 2.运用First...Then...After that...Second...Also
_So the manners in China are very different from those in your coun_t_r_y._(_高__分__句__型__1_)__L_e_t__m__e__te_l_l _y_o_u__s_o_m__e_th_i_n_g__a_b_o_u_t__th_e__ _customs and manners in our country.
at a dinner or a party. ◆Don't make or answer a call while driving.
For subway passengers ◆You are supposed to wait in line while buying tickets and
getting on the subway. ◆You're not allowed to eat，drink or smoke in the subway. ◆You can‘t take pets in the subway. As we all know, animals
谢谢观赏
You made my day!
我们，还在路上……
●Keep thesubway 4．_____________ ●Offer your seat to
智慧树知到《英语国家社会与文化(吉林联盟)》章节测试答案
智慧树知到《英语国家社会与文化（吉林联盟）》章节测试答案第一章1、Britain doesn’t share any land border with any other countries except ( ).A:the Republic of IrelandB:FranceC:IcelandD:Norway正确答案：the Republic of Ireland2、( ) is known for its Roman-built baths and also its Georgian architecture.A:LondonB:BathC:LiverpoolD:Manchester正确答案：Bath3、”The Athens of the North” refers to ( ).A:GlasgowB:AberdeenC:EdinburghD:Dundee正确答案：Edinburgh4、Scotland is known as “The Land of Green”.A:对B:错正确答案：错5、Ireland is part of Great BritainA:对B:错正确答案：错6、In Britain, the temperature in summer is very high.A:对B:错正确答案：错第二章1、When did Philip II of Spain send the Spanish Armada against England? A:1533B:1571C:1588D:1603正确答案：15882、The Romans invaded Britain from 43 AD to 410.A:对B:错正确答案：对3、Which of the following tribes first came to Britain?A:AnglesB:SaxonsC:JutesD:Teutons正确答案：Jutes4、Excalibur is the name of a sword King Arthur pulled from the stone. A:对B:错正确答案：对5、Robin Hood, a legendary outlaw, was a contemporary of King ( ). A:AlfredB:JohnC:William ID:Henry I正确答案：John第三章1、Old Faithful is the most famous geyser in ( ).A:Yellowstone National ParkB:Yosemite National ParkC:the Everglades National ParkD:the Painted Desert National Park正确答案：A2、Niagara Falls lies between Lake Erie and Lake Ontario.A:对B:错正确答案：A3、In 1607 the Virginia Company sent 105 men to America, they finally landed on the banks of the James River in present-day ( ).A:BostonB:VirginiaC:GeorgiaD:New York State正确答案：B4、To the west of mainland America lies the ( ).A:Atlantic OceanB:Pacifica OceanC:Indian OceanD:Arctic Ocean正确答案：B5、The “Barn of America “refers to the Mississippi River Basin.A:对B:错正确答案：A第四章1、Who is the president who refused to be elected for the third term?A:Thomas Jefferson.B:George Washington.C:Abraham Lincoln.D:Franklin Delano Roosevelt.正确答案：B2、Thomas Jefferson is the second president of the United of State.A:对B:错正确答案：B3、The Emancipation Proclamation announced that slavery in the rebellious states would be abolished from January 1, 1863 and that slaves would become free men.A:对B:错正确答案：A4、What is the miserable economic crisis in America in 1929 called?A:The Great Depression.B:The Great Crisis.C:The Great Economic Crisis.D:The Great Economic Depression.正确答案：A5、Burns night is celebrated with suppers of hash brown and whisky.A:对B:错正确答案：B第五章1、Guy Fawkes Night originated from Gunpowder plot of 1605.A:对B:错正确答案：A2、The haggis is a traditional ( )food.A:ScottishB:WelshC:IrishD:Angles正确答案：A3、The shamrock is a popular symbol of ( ).A:Guy Fawkes NightB:St. Patrick’s DayC:EasterD:Eisteddfod正确答案：B4、Memorial Day honors those soldiers who died while in military service. A:对B:错正确答案：A5、Easter commemorates ( ).A:the birth of Jesus ChristB:the Crucifixion of Jesus ChristC:the coming of springD:the Crucifixion and Resurrection of Jesus Christ正确答案：D第六章1、( ) is the only country in the world that occupies a whole continent. A:New ZealandB:AustraliaC:AmericaD:Canada正确答案：B2、Australia Day is celebrated every year on ( ).A:January 6B:January 16C:January 26D:July 26正确答案：C3、Tasmania is Australia’s largest island.A:对B:错正确答案：A4、Jenolan Caves are the oldest discovered open caves in the world. A:对B:错正确答案：A5、Canberra is a picturesque city on the banks of ( ).A:Lake Burley GriffinB:River MurrayC:River DarlingD:River Brisbane。
Unit10课时1SectionA(1a-2d)(原卷版)
Unit 10 You’re supposed to shake hands.Unit 10 课时1 Section A (1a2d)【学习目标】1. 熟练掌握本课重点词汇：custom, bow, kiss, greet。
2. 初步掌握重点句型be supposed to do sth.并能够正确运用。
3. 能够大致听懂有关国家文化礼仪的简单介绍。
4. 能够在听力活动中获取相关信息，并能模仿输入语言，针对各国的风俗习惯恰当得进行表达。
5. 能了解各国不同的文化习俗，学会在不同场合表现得体，提升跨文化意识。
【教学重难点】1. 教学重点：be supposed to的用法2. 教学难点：中西方人们见面礼仪的差别；培养学生跨文化交际意识。
【预习导学】一、请根据中文意思写出下列重点单词。
1.亲吻；接吻v. & n. _____________2．和……打招呼；迎接v. _____________二、请认真阅读课文，找出下列重点短语。
3. 应当_________________4. 第一次_____________5．握手_________________ 6．用错误的方式问候某人________________ 7．犯错误_______________ 8．欢迎晚会_________________ 9．一……就……______________ 10．伸出某人的手__________________三、请用以上重点短语完成下列句子。
11．——在你的国家，当人们第一次见面时应当怎么做？——你应当握手。
—In your country, what ______ you _______ _______ _______ when you meet someone for the first time?—You _______ _______ ________ shake hands.12．在美国，他们应当握手。
英美国家概况Unit10Sports,HolidaysandFestivalsinBritai
英美国家概况Unit10Sports,HolidaysandFestivalsinBritai<i>英美国家概况参考译文翻译</i>Unit 10 Sports, Holidays and Festivals in Britain(英国的体育运动、节假日)一、本单元重点内容Sports体育:1. football (足球), “Football hooligans” (“足球流氓”) and the FA (足球协会)2. tennis (网球) and Wimbledon (温布尔登)3. cricket and “fair play” （板球与“公平竞争”思想）4. golf (高尔夫球)5. horse racing (赛马): the Grand National {（英国一年一度的）全国越野障碍赛马}the Royal Ascot (皇家阿斯科特赛马会)Holidays and Festivals节假日:1. Christmas (圣诞节) and Three traditions of Christmas (圣诞节的三大传统习俗)2. The Boxing Day and its traditions (节礼日(圣诞节后的第一个工作日)和其传统习俗)3. Easter (复活节)4. Bonfire Night (Guy Fawkes Night) and the traditions{篝火之夜(盖伊福克斯之夜)和其传统习俗}5. The Battle of the Boyne (博茵河战役)6. Orange Marches (“奥伦治游行”)7. St Patrick’s Day (圣帕特里克节) and The Christian Trinity (基督教的三位一体)8. Hogmanay (苏格兰的除夕)9. Burns Night (彭斯之夜)10. Halloween (万圣节前夜)11. The Eisteddfod (威尔士诗歌音乐比赛会)二、本单元重、难点辅导Sports1. football and “football hooligans“ in BritainFootball was invented in Britain.（足球运动起源于英国。
《英语国家社会与文化》课程教学大纲
《英语国家社会与文化》课程教学大纲一、课程基本信息课程名称：英语国家社会与文化课程编号：0311012B课程类别：学科专业基础课程总学时：32总学分：2开课学期：第三学期适用专业：英语先修课程：英语口语，英语听力，英语语法，英语阅读二、课程的性质与任务《英语国家社会与文化》是英语专业的一门学科基础课程，讲授对象为英语专业二年级学生。
其目的在于使学生了解英语国家的社会历史，地理，经济，政治，宗教，教育及其价值观念和习俗文化传统，提高学生对文化差异的敏感度、宽容性、处理文化差异的灵活性，提高学生的跨文化交际能力。
同时帮助学生巩固、提高英语词汇和阅读能力，拓宽学生的知识面。
该课程要求学生重点熟悉和掌握英美两国的基本社会文化知识。
三、课程教学目标通过本门课的学习，使学生对英美国家的地理，历史，政治，文化，社会习俗以及该国人民的思想，态度和生活方式等概况有了进一步的了解，从而为缩小中西方文化差异奠定了基础，有利于学生毕业后能较快适应各个领域中的对外文化交流，在各行各业中发挥积极的作用，以更好满足社会主义市场经济对外语人才的需求。
四、教学方法与手段教学中采用教师为主导、学生为主体的教学模式，采用全英文授课，讨论式、发现式和研究式的教学方法，引导学生勤于思考，勇于评论，培养学生的鉴赏和表达能力。
充分利用现代化的教学手段，开发新的教学资源。
五、考核方式1、考核形式：考查2、过程性考核和期末考试相结合：过程性考核包括考勤、课堂表现及作业。
期末考试范围涵盖所讲授的《英语国家社会与文化》的全部内容最终成绩由平时成绩（20%）和期末考试成绩（80%）按一定比例折算后以百分制计六、课时分配第1章英国简介2第2章英国历史6第3章英国政府2第4章英国政治、阶级与种族2第5章英国经济2第6章英国教育与外交关系2第7章美国简介2第8章美国历史6第9章美国政治2第10章美国经济2第11章美国宗教2第12章美国的社会问题2七、教学内容第一章英国简介【教学目标】1.了解英国的名称、地理位置及组成部分2.理解英国国旗、国歌与国徽的含义3.掌握英国人口与社会等级以及民族价值观的特点【教学内容】1.英国名称、地理位置与组成部分2.英国国旗、国歌与国徽3.英国主要城市4.英国气候特征5.英国人口与社会等级6.英国民族价值观与特征【教学重点】1.英国名称、地理位置与组成部分2.英国人口与社会等级3.英国民族价值观与特征【教学难点】1.英国名称、地理位置与组成部分2.英国国旗、国歌与国徽3.英国民族价值观与特征【学时数】课堂讲述1学时、习题1学时第二章英国历史【教学目标】1.了解英国历史发展的主要阶段2.理解英国历史中的主要事件发生背景、意义与影响3.掌握英国历史中的重要历史事件【教学内容】1.民族的起源(5000BC-1066)2.民族的形成 (1066-1381)3.向现代的转变 (1455-1688)4.大英帝国的崛起与衰落(1688-1945)5.二战后的英国(1945至今)【教学重点】1.凯尔特民族、罗马入侵与盎格鲁-撒克逊民族2.诺曼征服与英国大宪章3.玫瑰战争4.资产阶级革命【教学难点】1.盎格鲁-撒克逊民族入侵2.玫瑰战争3.英国宗教改革4.资产阶级革命【学时数】课堂讲述3学时、课堂讨论1学时、习题2学时第三章英国政府【教学目标】1.了解英国政府的具体内容2.理解英国的宪法及其政治体制3.掌握英国主要政党的基本情况【教学内容】1.西方国家的政治体制2.英国的政治体制3.英国的君主4.英国的议会5.英国的司法部门6.英国三大主要政党【教学重点】1.英国的政治体制2.英国三个主要政党的不同之处与代表人物【教学难点】1.英国宪法的特点2.英国君主的职能3.英国议会的职能4.英国三大主要政党的不同之处【学时数】课堂讲述1学时、习题1学时第四章英国政治、阶级与种族【教学目标】1.了解英国大选的重要性2.理解英国政治发展趋势3.掌握英国社会等级与种族的具体内容【教学内容】1.英国大选2.英国三大主要政党3.英国政治发展趋势4.英国的社会等级5.英国的种族情况【教学重点】1.英国大选2.英国政治发展趋势3.英国社会等级的划分【教学难点】1.英国大选的过程2.英国政治发展趋势3.英国社会等级的划分【学时数】课堂讲述1学时、习题1学时第五章英国经济【教学目标】1.了解英国经济的组成部分2.理解英国经济发展历史与现状3.掌握英国经济不同发展阶段的特点【教学内容】1.英国经济的绝对衰落与相对衰落2.英国经济的现状【教学重点】1.英国经济的绝对衰落与相对衰落2.英国经济的三大产业【教学难点】1.英国经济相对衰落的原因2.英国经济三大产业的不同之处【学时数】课堂讲述1学时、习题1学时第六章英国教育与外交关系【教学目标】1.了解与掌握英国教育发展历史与体制与英国外交关系的发展历史2.理解英国的小学、中学与大学阶段的教育现状3.掌握英国外交政策的基础【教学内容】1.英国教育的目的2.英国教育与社会等级的关系3.宗教对英国教育的影响4.英国教育体制的重要转变5.英国教育的现状6.英国外交政策的基础7.英国外交政策的制定【教学重点】1.英国教育体制发展历史2.英国的高等教育3.英国外交关系发展的历史4.英国外交政策的基础与制定【教学难点】1.英国教育体制发展历史2.英国外交政策的基础与制定【学时数】课堂讲述1学时、习题1学时第七章美国简介【教学目标】1.了解美国的名称、地理位置与组成部分2.理解美国的主要象征，包括国旗、国歌与国徽3.掌握美国文化的基本元素【教学内容】1.美国官方名字2.美国地理位置、国土面积与人口3.美国的州4.美国英语5.美国国旗、国歌与国徽6.美元7.山川、河流与气候8.美国的五大象征【教学重点】1.美国全名、地理位置、五十个州与首都2.美国国旗、国歌与国徽3.美国的地理特征【教学难点】1.美国的地理位置与组成部分2.美国的国旗、国歌与国徽的含义【学时数】课堂讲述1学时、习题1学时第八章美国历史【教学目标】1. 了解美国历史发展的主要阶段2. 理解美国历史中重要历史事件发生的背景与影响3. 掌握美国历史发展中的主要人物与主要事件【教学内容】1.美国历史(1600-1900)2.美国历史(1900-1945)3.美国二战后的历史4.二十一世纪的美国【教学重点】1. 美国独立宣言2. 美国内战的原因与意义3. 美国冷战时期【教学难点】1.美国内战的原因与意义2.美苏争霸时期的主要事件【学时数】课堂讲述3学时、课堂讨论1学时、习题2学时第九章美国政治【教学目标和要求】1.了解邦联条例的不足之处2.理解三权分立原则3.掌握美国宪法的三大原则【教学内容】1.美国宪法2.美国行政机构3.美国立法机构4.美国司法机构5.美国两党制【教学重点】1.邦联条例2.美国宪法3.美国三权分立4.美国权利法案5.美国的两党制【教学难点】1.美国宪法制定的背景2.美国三权分立的特点3.美国两党制的特点【学时数】课堂讲述1学时、习题1学时第十章美国经济【教学目标】1.了解美国经济发展历史2.理解美国经济的现状3.掌握工业革命给美国经济带来的发展【教学内容】1.美国经济简介2.美国经济的发展历史3.美国经济的现状【教学重点】1.工业革命给美国经济带来的主要发展2.美国经济的现状【教学难点】1.工业革命对美国经济发展的主要影响2.美国经济发展的不同阶段【学时数】课堂讲述1学时、习题1学时第十一章美国宗教【教学目标】1.了解美国宗教自由与多样性2.理解美国三大宗教信仰3.掌握美国宗教特征【教学内容】1.基督教简介2.美国宗教的发展进程3.美国的三大信仰及其特点4.美国的宗教特征【教学重点】1.美国历史与宗教自由2.美国三大信仰3.美国宗教特征【教学难点】1.美国的三大信仰及其特点2.美国宗教的三大特征【学时数】课堂讲述1学时、习题1学时第十二章美国的社会问题【教学目标】1.了解美国的主要社会问题2.理解美国种族问题的起源、发展与现状3.掌握美国五大主要社会问题的起源、发展与现状【教学内容】1.美国种族问题2.美国贫穷问题3.美国毒品问题4.美国犯罪问题5.政府与社会机构滥用权力问题【教学重点】1.美国种族问题的起源、发展与现状2.美国贫穷问题的根源与解决方法3.美国毒品问题与犯罪与美国经济的关系【教学难点】1.美国种族问题的起源、发展与现状2.美国贫穷问题的不同内涵【学时数】课堂讲述1学时、习题1学时八、教材及主要参考书1、教材：朱永涛、王立礼. 英语国家社会与文化入门上册[M]. 北京: 高等教育出版社，2011第三版.2、主要参考书：1）陈治刚,张承谟,汪尧田,汪明. 英美概况（新编本）[M]. 上海：上海外语教育出版社,2002.2）来安方.新编英美概况（最新修订版）[M]. 河南：河南人民出版社，2003.3）刘炳善.英国文学简史[M]. 河南：河南人民出版社，1992.4）王佐良.欧洲文化入门[M]. 北京：外语教学与研究出版社，1993.5）吴伟仁.美国文学史及选读[M]. 北京：外语教学与研究出版社，2007.6) 肖惠云.当代英国概况[M]. 上海：上海外语教育出版社，1996.7）张奎武.英美概况[M].吉林：吉林科学技术出版社，2000.8）朱永涛.英美文化基础教程[M]. 北京：外语教学与研究出版社，2002.。
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Live performance
• There are many traditional festivals and activities in Britain.According to statistics, there are 106 national and local festivals throughout the year. The main festivals are: • 1. New Year's Day (New Year's Day), January 1 every Year to celebrate the beginning of the New Year.People hold all kinds of New Year's eve parties, the queen makes New Year's greetings and all kinds of churches are on New Year's eve. • St. Valentine's Day is celebrated on February 14, the anniversary of saint Valentine's death.Lovers exchange gifts on this day, so it is called "valentine's day". • 3. St. Patrick's Day (st. Patrick's Day), on March 17, is a Day of mourning for st. Patrick, the patron saint of Ireland. • 4. Holy Saturday (Holy Saturday) is the day before Easter. • 5. Easter, usually on the first Sunday after the spring equinox, around March 21.The holiday celebrates the resurrection of Jesus Christ, and Easter eggs are eaten during the holidays. • Easter Monday is the second day of Easter. • Good Friday, the Friday before Easter, the church held a ceremony to mark the crucifixion.It is a public holiday in Britain, where people eat hot cross buns.
Film
• In fact, during the more than 100 years of British film history, the Brighton school, the documentary film movement, the free film movement and so on have contth to the world cinema.The top ten films of the British academy of film and acoustics are the highest standards of professional filmmakers.The UK produces more than 90 films a year, with an output value of 800 million pounds, which includes both selfproduced films and overseas co-productions.Excellent directors, excellent actors, highly skilled cinematage techniques and compelling film themes have made British films a world leader in the world of cinema.
• Ascension Day is the 40th Day after Easter, which is also called Holy Thursday. • 9. Pentecost (Pentecost) is the seventh Sunday after Easter, also known as White Sunday. • 10. April Fool 's Day (April Fool's Day), April 1 each year, the festival from celebrating a "vernal equinox" (vernal equinox), on April 1 Fool people by prank called "April Fool" (April Fools).
Music
• Britain's music is made up of four major ethnic groups: England, Scotland, wales and Northern Ireland, each with its own unique national music.In addition, music in the UK incorporates traditional music from the isle of man, Cornwall, the channel islands, and immigrants from Jamaica, India, the Great Britain and the rest of the world.Representative j. dunst, w. Byrd, etc.England and Ireland, where Celtic, jute, Anglo, Saxon, and Norman lived there in history, were consanguinally mixed and settled.In the middle ages, this place had been three kingdoms;There was a period in which certain lands of northern France were once dominated by Britain.As for Britain's relationship with Ireland, there has been a lot of subtle change after Ireland's independence.Therefore, it is more complicated to generalize the British music culture, which usually dates back to the 7th century and began to form a feudal system of the Celtic poets ter, Celtic and the anglo-saxons introduced the Roman Catholic Gregorian chant to England.In the early middle ages, as in many European countries, there was an early polyphonic music, such as ogunon, gilmer, and forbourdon, which was based on the Gregorian chant.In 1226, John of the church of the church of the church of the church of the church of the church of the church of the church in the church of the church of the United States, John composed the simple, pure, secular sixth, the cannon
Chapter 10 Arts and Education
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Arts
• The United kingdom has a rich and diverse culture,with a strong tradition of literature,theatre,popular and orchestral music, and ferforming arts. Performances are going on throughout the counry, but are expecially popular in London.The long-running West End London theatre productions include The Mousetrap and Les Miserables.
Literature
• British literature has a long history and has undergone a long and complicated evolution.In the process, all realistic literary ontology, historical, political, and cultural power happening influence on literature, literary internal to follow the law of its own, after Anglo Saxon, the Renaissance, new classicism, romanticism, realism and modernism, different historical stages.After the war, British literature appeared from realism to experiment and diversified movements.