几何尺寸及公差介绍
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1.2.1 Definition
實際被測要素(線要素)對理想直線的允許變動.
A straightness tolerance is the amount which line elements are permitted to vary from a true line.
13
3.盈餘公差
Bonus Tolerance
盈餘公差是指實際尺寸偏離最大實體尺寸 的大小.
A bonus tolerance equal to the amount that the feature-ofsize departs from MMC.
Feature size 20.4 20.3 20.2 20.1 20.0LMC Straightness Bonus Total Tol. Tol. Tol. 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.714 20.5MMC
12
2.理想邊界狀態
Virtual Condition
由設計給定的具有理想形狀的極限包 容面, 稱為理想邊界狀態.
Virtual condition is the theoretical extreme boundary of a feature-of-size generated by the collective effects of MMC and any applicable geometric tolerances.
Rule #1 (包容原則)
尺寸公差與形位公差相互有關的一種要求. 采用包容要求的尺寸要素其實際輪廓 應遵守最大實體邊界,即其體外作用尺寸 不超出最大實體尺寸,且其局部實際尺寸 不超出最小實體尺寸.
Rule #1 (Envelope rule) For features-of-size, where only a size dimension is specified, the surfaces shall not extend beyond a boundary (envelope) of PERFECT FORM AT MMC.
22
基本原則(3)
Fundamental Rules
Rule #3 (位置度公差應用原則)
對于位置度公差,基準要素為尺寸要素時, 基准符號后必須接有 S , L , M 等符號.
Rule #2 (Tolerance of position rule) For tolerance of position, S , L , or M must be specified in the feature control frame with respect to the tolerance value, datum reference, or both, as applicable. S,L,or M must be specified If the datum is a feature-of-size
26.0
17
分類 & 原則
Classification and Rules
18
分 類
Classification
•五大類
Category:5
•共13小項
(對稱度除外) Quantity:13 (Exwk.baidu.comept for Symmetry)
19
基本原則(1-1)
Fundamental Rules
10
1.尺寸要素 & 非尺寸要素
Feature-of-size and Feature
由一定大小的尺寸確定的要素稱為 尺寸要素
A feature-of-size is one cylindrical of spherical surface or a set of parallel surfaces, each of which is associated with a size dimension.
♦ 距離為平面度公差值t的兩平行平面
之間的區域.
A flatness tolerance zone is the distant between two parallel plane spaced apart a distance equal to the flatness tolerance value.
8
Introduction(5)
優點:
Advantages:
有利于增強彼此之間的交流
Improves communications
有利于產品的設計
Better product designs
有利于零件制造公差的盈餘
Production tolerances increased
9
專門術語
Terminology
4.形位公差框格
Feature Control Frame
Modifier—Denotes shape of Tolerance zone Geometric characteristic symbol Modifier—Denotes Material condition
Tolerance value
5
What is GD&T? • 指被測實際要素對其理想要素的變動量.
The Geometric Tolerance is the amount which true elements are permitted to vary from an ideal element.
6
Introduction(3) 公差的分類
16
6.理論正確尺寸
Basic Dimensions
理論正確尺寸:在設計過程中用來確定 要素的精確位置,在檢測過程中作為計 算形位誤差的依據.
A basic dimension is a numerical value used to describe theoretically exact characteristics of a feature or datum target.
20
基本原則(1-2)
Fundamental Rules
Applied to an external feature-of-size
Applied to an internal feature-of-size
21
基本原則(2)
Fundamental Rules
Rule #2 (獨立原則)
獨立原則就是圖樣上給定的各個尺寸和形 狀.位置要求都是獨立的,應該分別滿足各 自的要求. 獨立原則是尺寸公差和形位公差相互關系 遵循的基本原則.
平面/直線等沒有大小的要素稱為 非尺寸要素
A feature is a general term applied to a physical portion of a part, such as a surface or a line.
11
Explain:
A
C
B
D E
非尺寸要素Feature: D,E 尺寸要素Feature-of-size: A,B,C
Classification of Tolerance
(1). 尺寸公差
Dimension Tolerance
(2). 表面形貌公差(表面粗糙度)
Surface Tolerance (Roughness)
(3). 形狀和位置公差
Geometric Tolerance
7
Introduction(4)
23
基本原則(4)
Fundamental Rules
Rule #4 (除位置度以外幾何公差之應用原則)
對于位置度以外的幾何公差,沒有特殊標識 的以RFS(不相關原則)處理.
Rule #3 (Other than tolerance of position rule) For other than a tolerance of position, RFS applies with respect to the tolerance, datum reference, or both, where no modifier is specified. MMC must be specified in the feature control frame when it is appropriate and desired. RFS applies RFS applies MMC is specified
4
Introduction(2)
What is GD&T? GD&T是一個具有雙重作用的系統.首 先,它是一組用來定義被測要素形位要求 及其公差帶形狀的國際通用符號;另一方 面,它也體現了被測要素的功能要求.
GD&T is a dual purpose system. First it is set of standard symbols which are used to define part features and their tolerance zones. Second it is a philosophy of defining a part based on how it functions.
Datum references
15
5.附加符號
Modifying symbols Term Abbreviation
MMC LMC RFS
Symbol
M L S
Maximum Material Condition Least Material Condition Regardless of Feature size
定義＆應用
Definition and Application
2
簡
介
Introduction
3
Introduction(1)
許多行業上的糾紛起源于溝通的缺乏. 在當今日益激烈的竟爭中,為讓客戶對藍圖不 發生誤解, 運用國際標準的形位公差標注是 最有效的途徑.
Many of Industry’s problems stem from faulty communications. In competitive product market, it is significant to make engineering drawings that are readable - we must make drawings that cannot possibly be MISUNDERSOOD. Using the GD&T is an efficient way.
幾何尺寸及公差介紹
Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing (GD&T)
Kuei-Yang Lin Testing Department 2001.6.19
1
題綱
Outline
簡介
Introduction
專門術語
Terminology
分類＆原則
Classification and Rules
形位公差標準的演變歷程: 最先應用于軍事 工業, 以美國與英國應用最為廣泛,各種不同 的組織相繼出版了各種不同的標準.1966年, 第一部統一的標準--- ANSI Y14.5出版,並經 歷1973,1982和1994三次改版.
In 1966, the first united standard was published by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), known as ANSI Y14.5. It was updated in 1973, 1982,1994.
27
1.1 Flatness
1.1.2 Application
0.1wide flatness tolerance zone
Limits set by Rule #1
The surface must lie between two parallel planes 0.1 apart
28
1.2 Straightness
24
定義 與 應用
Definition and Application
25
1.Form Controls
Form controls never use a datum reference.
26
1.1 Flatness
1.1.1 Definition
實際被測要素對理想平面的允許變動.
A flatness tolerance is the amount which surface elements are permitted to vary from a true plane.
實際被測要素(線要素)對理想直線的允許變動.
A straightness tolerance is the amount which line elements are permitted to vary from a true line.
13
3.盈餘公差
Bonus Tolerance
盈餘公差是指實際尺寸偏離最大實體尺寸 的大小.
A bonus tolerance equal to the amount that the feature-ofsize departs from MMC.
Feature size 20.4 20.3 20.2 20.1 20.0LMC Straightness Bonus Total Tol. Tol. Tol. 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.714 20.5MMC
12
2.理想邊界狀態
Virtual Condition
由設計給定的具有理想形狀的極限包 容面, 稱為理想邊界狀態.
Virtual condition is the theoretical extreme boundary of a feature-of-size generated by the collective effects of MMC and any applicable geometric tolerances.
Rule #1 (包容原則)
尺寸公差與形位公差相互有關的一種要求. 采用包容要求的尺寸要素其實際輪廓 應遵守最大實體邊界,即其體外作用尺寸 不超出最大實體尺寸,且其局部實際尺寸 不超出最小實體尺寸.
Rule #1 (Envelope rule) For features-of-size, where only a size dimension is specified, the surfaces shall not extend beyond a boundary (envelope) of PERFECT FORM AT MMC.
22
基本原則(3)
Fundamental Rules
Rule #3 (位置度公差應用原則)
對于位置度公差,基準要素為尺寸要素時, 基准符號后必須接有 S , L , M 等符號.
Rule #2 (Tolerance of position rule) For tolerance of position, S , L , or M must be specified in the feature control frame with respect to the tolerance value, datum reference, or both, as applicable. S,L,or M must be specified If the datum is a feature-of-size
26.0
17
分類 & 原則
Classification and Rules
18
分 類
Classification
•五大類
Category:5
•共13小項
(對稱度除外) Quantity:13 (Exwk.baidu.comept for Symmetry)
19
基本原則(1-1)
Fundamental Rules
10
1.尺寸要素 & 非尺寸要素
Feature-of-size and Feature
由一定大小的尺寸確定的要素稱為 尺寸要素
A feature-of-size is one cylindrical of spherical surface or a set of parallel surfaces, each of which is associated with a size dimension.
♦ 距離為平面度公差值t的兩平行平面
之間的區域.
A flatness tolerance zone is the distant between two parallel plane spaced apart a distance equal to the flatness tolerance value.
8
Introduction(5)
優點:
Advantages:
有利于增強彼此之間的交流
Improves communications
有利于產品的設計
Better product designs
有利于零件制造公差的盈餘
Production tolerances increased
9
專門術語
Terminology
4.形位公差框格
Feature Control Frame
Modifier—Denotes shape of Tolerance zone Geometric characteristic symbol Modifier—Denotes Material condition
Tolerance value
5
What is GD&T? • 指被測實際要素對其理想要素的變動量.
The Geometric Tolerance is the amount which true elements are permitted to vary from an ideal element.
6
Introduction(3) 公差的分類
16
6.理論正確尺寸
Basic Dimensions
理論正確尺寸:在設計過程中用來確定 要素的精確位置,在檢測過程中作為計 算形位誤差的依據.
A basic dimension is a numerical value used to describe theoretically exact characteristics of a feature or datum target.
20
基本原則(1-2)
Fundamental Rules
Applied to an external feature-of-size
Applied to an internal feature-of-size
21
基本原則(2)
Fundamental Rules
Rule #2 (獨立原則)
獨立原則就是圖樣上給定的各個尺寸和形 狀.位置要求都是獨立的,應該分別滿足各 自的要求. 獨立原則是尺寸公差和形位公差相互關系 遵循的基本原則.
平面/直線等沒有大小的要素稱為 非尺寸要素
A feature is a general term applied to a physical portion of a part, such as a surface or a line.
11
Explain:
A
C
B
D E
非尺寸要素Feature: D,E 尺寸要素Feature-of-size: A,B,C
Classification of Tolerance
(1). 尺寸公差
Dimension Tolerance
(2). 表面形貌公差(表面粗糙度)
Surface Tolerance (Roughness)
(3). 形狀和位置公差
Geometric Tolerance
7
Introduction(4)
23
基本原則(4)
Fundamental Rules
Rule #4 (除位置度以外幾何公差之應用原則)
對于位置度以外的幾何公差,沒有特殊標識 的以RFS(不相關原則)處理.
Rule #3 (Other than tolerance of position rule) For other than a tolerance of position, RFS applies with respect to the tolerance, datum reference, or both, where no modifier is specified. MMC must be specified in the feature control frame when it is appropriate and desired. RFS applies RFS applies MMC is specified
4
Introduction(2)
What is GD&T? GD&T是一個具有雙重作用的系統.首 先,它是一組用來定義被測要素形位要求 及其公差帶形狀的國際通用符號;另一方 面,它也體現了被測要素的功能要求.
GD&T is a dual purpose system. First it is set of standard symbols which are used to define part features and their tolerance zones. Second it is a philosophy of defining a part based on how it functions.
Datum references
15
5.附加符號
Modifying symbols Term Abbreviation
MMC LMC RFS
Symbol
M L S
Maximum Material Condition Least Material Condition Regardless of Feature size
定義＆應用
Definition and Application
2
簡
介
Introduction
3
Introduction(1)
許多行業上的糾紛起源于溝通的缺乏. 在當今日益激烈的竟爭中,為讓客戶對藍圖不 發生誤解, 運用國際標準的形位公差標注是 最有效的途徑.
Many of Industry’s problems stem from faulty communications. In competitive product market, it is significant to make engineering drawings that are readable - we must make drawings that cannot possibly be MISUNDERSOOD. Using the GD&T is an efficient way.
幾何尺寸及公差介紹
Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing (GD&T)
Kuei-Yang Lin Testing Department 2001.6.19
1
題綱
Outline
簡介
Introduction
專門術語
Terminology
分類＆原則
Classification and Rules
形位公差標準的演變歷程: 最先應用于軍事 工業, 以美國與英國應用最為廣泛,各種不同 的組織相繼出版了各種不同的標準.1966年, 第一部統一的標準--- ANSI Y14.5出版,並經 歷1973,1982和1994三次改版.
In 1966, the first united standard was published by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), known as ANSI Y14.5. It was updated in 1973, 1982,1994.
27
1.1 Flatness
1.1.2 Application
0.1wide flatness tolerance zone
Limits set by Rule #1
The surface must lie between two parallel planes 0.1 apart
28
1.2 Straightness
24
定義 與 應用
Definition and Application
25
1.Form Controls
Form controls never use a datum reference.
26
1.1 Flatness
1.1.1 Definition
實際被測要素對理想平面的允許變動.
A flatness tolerance is the amount which surface elements are permitted to vary from a true plane.