培根《论读书》赏析
OfStudy（论读书）FrancisBacon
Of Study (论读书）Francis Bacon弗兰西斯·培根是英国文艺复兴时期博学多才的散文家、哲学家、实验科学的先驱，留有58篇散文传世。
培根下笔，时而洋洋洒洒，时而十分简约，潇洒飘逸，有大将风度，口吻十分自信、认真。
论断分明，又不失诗人奔驰的想象。
不时用上一句拉丁文，使他的文章多了一份书卷气，带上一点古香古色。
培根的散文以准确、清楚、条理分明著称，加上他擅长写出饱含人生的经验和智慧的名言警句，形成了培根散文的独特风格，使其能经久不衰。
【原文】Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of business. For expert men can execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs come best from those that are learned.To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament is affection; to make judgment wholly by their rules is the humor of a scholar. They perfect nature and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need pruning by study, and studies themselves do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experie nce.Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them, for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them and above them, won by observation. Read not to contradict and confuse; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider.Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be ready wholly, and with diligence and attention. Some books also may be read by deputy and extracts made of them by others; but that would be only in the less important arguments, and the meaner sort of books; else distilled books are, like common distilled waters, flashy things.Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. And therefore, if a man write little, he had need have a great memory; if he confer little, he had need have a present wit; and if he read little, he had need have much cunning to seem to know that he doth not.Histories make men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend. Abeunt studia in mores. Nay there is no stond or imped iment in the wit, but may be wrought out by fit studies: like as diseases of the body may have appropriate exercises. Bowling is good for the stone and reins; shooting for the lungs and breast; gentle walking for the stomach; riding for the head; and the l ike. So if a man’s wit be wandering, let him study the mathematics; for in demonstrations, if his wit be called away never so little, he must begin again. If his wit be not apt to distinguish or find differences, let him study the schoolmen; for they are s ymini sectores. If he be not apt to beat over matters, and to call up one thing to prove and illustrate another, let him study the lawyers’ cases. So every defect of the mind may have a special receipt.Abeunt studia in mores: Studies pass into the characterSymini sectores: dividers of cumin seeds, or hair-splitters【译文】读书足以怡情，足以博彩，足以长才。
培根《论读书》---真知灼见智慧灵光
读书足以怡情，足以博彩，足以长才。
其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其傅彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中;其长才也，最见于处世判事之际。
练达之士虽能分别处理细事或一一判别枝节，然纵观统筹、全局策划，则舍好学深思者莫属。
读书费时过多易惰，文采藻饰太盛则矫，全凭条文断事乃学究故态。
读书补天然之不足，经验又补读书之不足，盖天生才干犹如自然花草，读书然后知如何修剪移接;而书中所示，如不以经验范之，则又大而无当。
有一技之长者鄙读书，无知者羡读书，唯明智之士用读书，然书并不以用处告人，用书之智不在书中，而在书外，全凭观察得之。
不可尽信书上所言，亦不可只为寻章摘句，而应推敲细思。
书有可浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则须咀嚼消化。
换言之，有只须读其部分者，有只须大体涉猎者，少数则须全读，读时须全神贯注，孜孜不倦。
书亦可请人代读，取其所作摘要，但只限题材较次或价值不高者，否则书经提炼犹如水经蒸馏、淡而无味矣。
读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，笔记使人准确。
因此不常作笔记者须记忆特强，不常讨论者须天生聪颖，不常读书者须欺世有术，始能无知而显有知。
读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科学使人深刻，伦理学使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学使人善辩:凡有所学，皆成性格。
人之才智但有滞碍，无不可读适当之书使之顺畅，一如身体百病，皆可借相宜之运动除之。
滚球利睾肾，射箭利胸肺，慢步利肠胃，骑术利头脑，诸如此类。
如智力不集中，可令读数学，盖演题须全神贯注，稍有分散即须重演;如不能辨异，可令读经院哲学，盖是辈皆吹毛求疵之人;如不善求同，不善以一物阐证另一物，可令读律师之案卷。
如此头脑中凡有缺陷，皆有特药可医。
《论读书》是《培根随笔集》中的一篇，他对读书的意义、作用和方法都作了透彻的论述。
培根的话语充满着真知灼见，闪烁着智慧之光，既使人们开阔了眼界，也能使人们顿悟。
文章中处处可见通俗易懂的好句子：“读书学习是为了获得享受、养成斯文及发展才干的。
它所获得的享受，主要是表现在独处和索居时；所养成的斯文，主要是表现在谈吐上；所发展的才干，主要表现在办事的决断和处理上。
论读书翻译赏析白话文
论读书翻译赏析白话文阅读是我们获取知识的重要手段，下面是培根著名的关于读书的一篇美文——论读书，同时还为大家带来了翻译。
Of Studies——Francis BaconStudies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of business. For e_pert men can e_ecute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs come best from those that are learned.To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament is affection; to make judgment or of a scholar. They perfect nature and are perfected by e_perience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need pruning by study, and studies themselves do give forth directions too much at large, e_cept they be bounded in by e_perience.Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and en use them, for they teach not their o and above them, e books are to be tasted, others to be se fee books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some fee books also may be read bydeputy and e_tracts made of them by others; but that portant arguments, and the meaner sort of books; else distilled books are, like common distilled akes a full man; conference a ready man; and an. And therefore, if a man emory; if he confer little, he had need have a present uch cunning to seem to knoake men athematics subtle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend. Abeunt studia in mores. Nay there is no stond or impediment in the ay be ay have appropriate e_ercises. Boach; riding for the head; and the like. So if a man’s study the mathematics; for in demonstrations, if his ust begin again. If his study the schoolmen; for they are cymini sectores. If he be not apt to beat over matters, and to call up one thing to prove and illustrate another, let him study the laind may have a special receipt.谈读书——王佐良译读书足以怡情，足以，足以长才。
谈读书的译文比较与赏析
• 4.Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention. • 王译：书有可浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则须咀嚼消化。换言之，有 只须读其部分者，有只须大体涉猎者，少数则须全读，读时须全神贯 注，孜孜不倦。 • 廖译：有些书只需浅尝，有的书可以狼吞，有的书要细嚼烂咽，慢慢 消化。也就是说，有的书只需选读，有的书只需浏览，有的书却必须 全部精读。 • 楫译：有的书浅尝即可，有的书可以狼吞虎咽，少数书籍则须咀嚼消 化。换言之，有的书只须读一部分，另一些读时可不求甚解，但少数 则须通读，且须勤勉而专心。 • 这一段，培根用了一连串有关饮食的比喻来说明不同的读法。王译 精辟之至，令人称道。其他两者的译文各有千秋。可以说，在全篇中， 后两者的译法都融有自己的风格，摆脱了王译的束缚，能与王译争雄 的也就是这段，但也决对不是毫无缺点。
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7.If his wit be not apt to distinguish or find differences, let him study the schoolmen; for they are cymini sectors. 王译：如不能辨异，可令读经院哲学，盖是辈皆吹毛求疵之人。 廖译：假若一个人拙于辨别差异，就让他去请教那些演绎派的大师们，因为 他们正是剖析毫发的人。 楫译：如若不善于析难辨异，可让他学经院哲学，因为那学哲学家无不讲究 细节。 我们认为，培根这里所用的“schoolmen”系贬义，有矫枉过正之意。 cymini sectors即divider of cumin seed, hair- spliters，意思是说：细小的茴 香籽还要分几瓣，头发还要再剖几丝，这里明显着是吹毛求疵，那能再转而 译为什么大师？廖、楫把“schoolmen”译为褒义，有悖愿意。再者，廖译 中使用“请教……大师”恐怕有违上下文逻辑，这些中古经院哲学的“大师” 都已作古数百年，又怎么才能去请教呢？ 综观全篇，众多译者竭尽各种努力试图突破王译、旨在创新，但均未脱离 王译的影子。可见，王译因几乎具有原文本所具有的一切优点，故难于跨越。 后来者的译文（不仅仅局限于本文比较的三篇）充其量是在措词上做些替换、 意义上加以阐释、风格上加以变化，但都不如王译。造成这种现象的原因是 多方面的。首先，译者须是双语、双文化人，精通两门语言文化，这样才能 充分、透彻理解一门语言的文本而以另一门语言表达之，在思想、内容、风 格等各方面都要最大量地接近（appropriate at maximum）于原文本；其次， 译文要在整体神韵、功能等方面，接近于原文本，这就要求译者不要斤斤计 较于一词一字的得失；再次，在两者基础之上，要尽最大量地发挥汉语的表 达优势（manage to take the best Chinese expressions）以保译文在音美、 形美、意美③等方面接近于原文本，最好能做到最大地等同。
培根论读书赏析
培根论读书赏析T o B e a Full Man from ReadingWe all know that study can cultivate a man and even make a full man. A full manshould have a positive view of world, life and value, which is usually based on a balanced knowledge system. And how can we obtain this necessary knowledge Of Studies is theanswer to this question. In Bacon's essay Of Studies, reading piirposes and functions are discussed in detail. Bacon also analyzes the different attitudes to reading and introducesvarious methods of reading. Above all. Bacon tells us how to be a full man from reading.In the very beginning, Bacon points out that reading can serve for delight, for ornament.and for ability. We can see that reading has three functions. It delights you; it beautifies you; and it strengthens your ability. The author also says that their chief use for delight is in private life and retiring. That is to say, when you stay aione, book is your best com panionwhich eases loneliness and brings happiness. If you are really absorbed in the book, you maynot feel lonely. *Tor ornament, is in discourse』When communicating or negotiating withothers, knowledge learned from books can make you decent and educated. In other words.reading beautifies you in that occasion. "And for ability, is in the judgment and disposition/* Faced with affairs, an expert man can judge of particulars one by one. But to general people.he should act decisively. It means he can hold the whole situation and think out a plan.Where does this kind of ability come fromReading. If you read all kinds of books, you are able to taste what might not happen toyou in real life, and then ask yourself what you would do in that situation. Reading helps you make fewer mistakes. For that, you can learn mistake exam pies from books so that you maymake no mistakes when you are in the same situation.According to the essay, reading perfects peopk's nature. Tlie gold have no foot red, the person has no perfect person. Defects can be made up and reading is a superexceHentmethods. Natural abilities are like natural plants that need pruning by study, Reading ten thousand books is like traveling ten thousand miles. You can accumulate knowledge little bylittle and one day you may find yourself wiser than others. This wisdom is not born with youbut acquired after years' effort."Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested?*That is to say, we should choose some book to read, but not read all the books.Some useful books should be read carefully and taken notes. Different books have different functions; the essay is telling us reading different books can bring different knowledge which we lack. And different books have different methods to read. There are countless numbers of books in the bookstores or libraries. You do not have that energy to read all the books. As a wise man, you definitely chooseto select some of them to read, which is of great benefit to you. Basically, these books can give you true knowledge, perfect your personality and help you form right view of life and world. And then you have taken a big step on the way to be a full man.Francis Bacon's Of Studies sa ys “histories make men wise, p oets, witty; the mathematics, subtle; natural philosophy, deep; inoral, grave; logic and rhetoric, able to contend?* That is to say, we read all kinds of books that contribute to perfect our knowledge structure and form critical thinking. So we should read books of various fields to make us be a full man. That also can learn more about our world in all aspects. Reading can make a full man. That is to say, we should read more books which are useful for us. Reading can enlarge our knowledge in different fields.What has been is what will be, and what has been done is what will be done： there is nothing new under the sun. Sometimes the real world is same as the ancient time and the situation we are in isquite like what our forebears suffered. Reading histories makes people learn lessons from the ancient time, avoid making the same mistakes and predict the development of things, People who read histories will be wiser than these who just act according to their own preferences without learning from histories.Reading poems makes people learn the beauty of language, the beautiful classical style of art and live a poetic life. People who read poems will be wittier than these who hadn't feel the beautiful mood and pure life. The modern society is too busy and reading poems can slow down the pace of life and makes people not so impetuous, Putting yourself into poetic conditions, you may lead a different and easy life.Reading mathematics makes people focus on the accurate calculation, develop a scientific attitude, and form a pragmatic spirit. And mathematics makes people attentive and think more and logically when encountering different things no matter it is big or small.People who read mathematics will be more subtle to consider things from all aspects and do things from the drop carefully than these who don't read.Reading natural philosophy makes people pursue truth, explore the unknown mystery.and practice actively. Peopie who read natural philosophy will be deeper than these who don't leani the theoiy of reflecting the truth.Reading moral makes people learn the way of harmony living, form the principle of ethical behaviors and develop correct outlooks on values. In other words, people who read moral know how tolive in the society and how to build relationships with people surrounding them. People who read moral will be graver than these who behave without correct principles aiid can't deal with different relationships.Reading logic makes people master the rules of thinking, dealing with different things and exploring objective reality. People who read logic will be more contend to have clear ideas, mater the principles of objective truth than these who don't act according to niles.Different kinds of reading materials play different roles in making a full man. People should get into different reading fields and train themselves to become a comprehensive talent. Reading will do good to one's physical health according to some reading materials of physical training. What's more important, reading promotes the development of logic thinking and morality. People can be called a full man on condition that they have fine quality, delicate self-cultivation and strict morality. Try to read extensively and become a full man.All in ait reading books of certain field brings certain knowledge and ability we lack.Of StiuUes gives us the method of reading books and being a full man.。
论读书翻译赏析白话文
论读书翻译赏析白话文论读书翻译赏析白话文阅读是我们获取知识的重要手段，下面是培根著名的'关于读书的一篇美文——论读书，同时还为大家带来了翻译。
论读书翻译赏析白话文Of Studies——Francis BaconStudies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of business. For expert men can execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs come best from those that are learned.To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament is affection; to make judgment wholly by their rules is the humor of a scholar. They perfect nature and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need pruning by study, and studies themselves do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience.Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them, for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them and above them, won by observation. Read not to contradict and confuse; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider.Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be ready wholly, and with diligence and attention.Some books also may be read by deputy and extracts made of them by others; but that would be only in the less important arguments, and the meaner sort of books; else distilled books are, like common distilled waters, flashy things.Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. And therefore, if a man write little, he had need have a great memory; if he confer little, he had need have a present wit; and if he read little, he had need have much cunning to seem to know that he doth not.Histories make men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend.Abeunt studia in mores. Nay there is no stond or impediment in the wit, but may be wrought out by fit studies: like as diseases of the body may have appropriate exercises. Bowling is good for the stone and reins; shooting for the lungs and breast; gentle walking for the stomach; riding for the head; and the like. So if a man’s wit be wandering, let him study the mathematic s; for in demonstrations, if his wit be called away never so little, he must begin again. If his wit be not apt to distinguish or find differences, let him study the schoolmen; for they are cymini sectores. If he be not apt to beat over matters, and to call up one thing to prove and illustrate another, let him study the lawyers’ cases. So every defect of the mind may have a special receipt.谈读书——王佐良译读书足以怡情，足以，足以长才。
谈读书培根原文谈读书原文及翻译四篇(实用)
谈读书培根原文谈读书原文及翻译四篇(实用)谈读书培根原文谈读书原文及翻译篇一许多东西都是今天拥有明天失去，唯有从好书中引发的考虑，可以永久的盘踞在你的脑海里。
这些考虑，有可能引起争辩，有的又使人感到妥帖，有的可能引起思潮，有的又可能平静如镜。
将嬉笑怒骂尽收眼底，实在是人生的一大享受。
读一本好书，就如同品味醇香可口的清泉，泉水流经的地方，绿草如茵，花团锦簇，彩蝶飞舞，小鸟欢唱。
这样美丽的景象，无疑可以洗涤自己的灵魂。
假设不慎读到一本坏书，就好似进入一条被污染的河流，流过之处，花不能生草不能长，无一丝活力，只有一片死寂，这只能毒害灵魂。
读书如流水，川流不息，潜移默化，润心有声。
水能载舟，亦能覆舟。
开卷有益，择善而读。
对一本好书，就是一次心灵的远行。
到那有着美丽风景的思想的远方，去共赴一场精神的盛宴；读一本好书如饮醍醐，心灵互相感应，渐渐不再急躁和慌乱。
一本好书像一位智慧长者，让你不至于在这个日趋喧嚣功利的物质年代迷失方向，迷失本性。
它闪烁的光芒无法概括，就如同阳光不能被概括。
正如一位作家所说：“书是一个多情的种子，假设说你一不小心沾惹上了‘她’，这一辈子就休想摆脱‘她’的纠缠。
”书是最好的朋友——在彷徨中它是参谋，在消沉时，它是慰藉。
书是时代的见证，是旅人返乡的航船和骏骑。
书是繁忙者最好的娱乐，是解除疲惫的安神丸，书是心灵最好的说教，也是大自然永久的花园和苗圃。
谈读书培根原文谈读书原文及翻译篇二生活里没有书箱，就好似大地上没有阳光；智慧里没有书箱，就好似鸟儿没有翅膀。
——题记小时候，我们摇头晃脑地背着“鹅鹅鹅，曲项向天歌……”；大点后我们就热衷于各类童话而驰骋在梦的国度；如今我们已经会捧着厚厚的名著跟着爸爸讨论。
那么我闪到底该如何读书呢？我认为：读书有三到：即眼到、口到、心到。
“眼到”，是指我闪读书时要全神贯注。
“口到”，就是指要大声读出来。
古人就是这么摇头晃脑地大声念着“之乎者也”的。
“心到”想必就是最重要的，只有用心读书才能领悟书中的精华。
《论读书》原文、译文语言特色比较
《论读书》原文、译文语言特色比较作者：汪娟来源：《吉林省教育学院学报·上旬刊》 2012年第6期汪娟（贵阳医学院神奇民族医药学院大外部，贵州贵阳550004）摘要：《论读书》是弗兰西斯?培根1653年发表的一篇重要文章，收于《培根随笔》一书中。
王佐良在上个世纪80年代初将其译成中文，自刊出以来，在中国读者中产生了巨大悠久的影响，译文流畅的语言，精炼的表达，略带古文特点的文风，几乎成为外国文学翻译史上的一个里程碑。
笔者将原文与译文做了对照阅读，拟从词汇、句子、修辞手法三方面探讨《论读书》原、译文的语言特色。
关键词：原文；译文；词汇；句子；修辞中图分类号：H315.9文献标识码：A文章编号：1671—1580（2012）06—0143—02一、词汇培根是17世纪的哲学家和散文家，相对于现代英语而言他的英文比较古雅，随笔《论读书》文字简洁，大量使用的古语词展现了其得天独厚的文化修养与底蕴，这跟中国古文中所用的“之乎者也”“亦已焉哉”等语气助词一样具有历史特定的文化元素，从而将文章所体现的内容更庄重、更文雅地表现出来。
从题材上分析，原文《论读书》属于学习、教育一类的论述型语篇。
这类题材的语篇宜使用庄重、正式的语言。
为此，在词汇方而，培根通过利用一些典雅、庄重的长词汇、大词汇，包括那些相较其他文字而言更加规范的拉丁词汇，如: abeunt studia in mores, cymini sectores, 抽象名词的数量也是具体名词的一倍。
王佐良先生作为我国现代著名的语言学家，对英汉语言特征颇有研究，对于翻译培根《论读书》一文，他通过自身修养及对语言文字的敏感，对原文的语言特色和作者的创作风格做出了准确定位，对于那些原文使用了的大量古词汇的情况，在翻译过程中，王佐良先生更是战战兢兢，精心使用了很多简洁精炼的词汇，不仅还原了培根式的古文风韵，更进一步地沿袭了了原文言简意深的行文风格。
例如：例1：Their chief use for delight is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of business.译文：其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其傅彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才也，最见于处世判事之际。
培根《论读书》
培根《论读书》读书足以怡情，足以博彩，足以长才。
其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其傅彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才也，最见于处世判事之际。
练达之士虽能分别处理细事或一一判别枝节，然纵观统筹、全局策划，则舍好学深思者莫属。
读书费时过多易惰，文采藻饰太盛则矫，全凭条文断事乃学究故态。
读书补天然之不足，体会又补读书之不足，盖天生才能犹如自然花草，读书然后知如何修剪移接；而书中所示，如不以体会范之，则又大而无当。
有一技之长者鄙读书，无知者羡读书，唯明智之士用读书，然书并不以用处告人，用书之智不在书中，而在书外，全凭观看得之。
读书时不可存心诘难作者，不可尽信书上所言，亦不可只为寻章摘句，而应推敲细思。
书有可浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则须咀嚼消化。
换言之，有只须读其部分者，有只须大体涉猎者，少数则须全读，读时须全神贯注，孜孜不倦。
书亦可请人代读，取其所作摘要，但只限题材较次或价值不高者，否则书经提炼犹如水经蒸馏、淡而无味矣。
读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，笔记使人准确。
因此不常作笔记者须经历特强，不常讨论者须天生聪颖，不常读书者须欺世有术，始能无知而显有知。
读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科学使人深刻，伦理学使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学使人善辩：凡有所学，皆成性格。
人之才智但有滞碍，无不可读适当之书使之顺畅，一如躯体百病，皆可借适宜之运动除之。
滚球利睾肾，射箭利胸肺，慢步利肠胃，骑术利头脑，诸如此类。
如智力不集中，可令读数学，盖演题须全神贯注，稍有分散即须重演；如不能辨异，可令读经院哲学，盖是辈皆吹毛求疵之人；如不善求同，不善以一物阐证另一物，可令读律师之案卷。
如此头脑中凡有缺陷，皆有特药可医。
培根美文《论读介绍模板》原文及三种译文鉴赏之欧阳数创编
培根美文《论读书》原文及三种译文鉴赏阅读是我们获取知识的重要手段，下面是培根著名的关于读书的一篇美文——论读书，并奉上另外两个版本的译文。
对于好的书，可以多加研读，对于普通书籍，知其大意即可，就像在快速阅读中，阅读是弹性的，你可以选择对内容把握程度的深浅。
“有些书可以浅尝辄止，有些书可以生吞，而有少数书应该细嚼慢咽，融会贯通”——谈读书——王佐良译读书足以怡情，足以博彩，足以长才。
其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其博彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才也，最见于处世判事之际。
练达之士虽能分别处理细事或一一判别枝节，然纵观统筹、全局策划，则舍好学深思者莫属。
读书费时过多易惰，文采藻饰太盛则矫，全凭条文断事乃学究故态。
读书补天然之不足，经验又补读书之不足，盖天生才干犹如自然花草，读书然后知如何修剪移接；而书中所示，如不以经验范之，则又大而无当。
有一技之长鄙读书，无知者慕读书，唯明智之士用读书，然读书并不以用处告人，用书之智不在书中，而在书外，全凭观察得之。
读书时不可存心诘难作者，不可尽信书上所言，亦不可只为寻章摘句，而应推敲细思。
书有可浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则须咀嚼消化。
换言之，有只须读其部分者，有只须大体涉猎者，少数则须全读，读时须全神贯注，孜孜不倦。
书亦可请人代读，取其所作摘要，但只限题材较次或价值不高者，否则书经提炼犹如水经蒸馏，淡而五味矣。
读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，笔记使人准确。
因此不常做笔记者须记忆特强，不常讨论者须天生聪颖，不常读书者须欺世有术，始能无知而显有知。
读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科学使人深刻，论理学使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学使人善辩：凡有所学，皆成性格。
人之才智但有滞碍，无不可读适当之书使之顺畅，一如身体百病，皆可借相宜之运动除之。
滚球利睾肾，射箭利胸肺，慢步利肠胃，骑术利头脑，诸如此类。
如智力不集中，可令读数学，盖演算须全神贯注，稍有分散即须重演；如不能辨异，可令读经院哲学，盖是辈皆吹毛求疵之人；如不善求同，不善以一物阐证另一物，可令读律师之案卷。
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培根《论读书》赏析
【作者小传】
弗兰西斯·培根（1561—1626），英国文艺复兴时期最重要的作家、哲学家，他曾就读于剑桥大学，受到了新思想的影响，后在文学和哲学上取得了不菲成就，还是近代实验科学的创始人。
代表作有《论说文集》《培根随笔》和《自然界的大事》等。
【阅读指导】
本文选自《培根随笔》。
《培根随笔》是英国散文的开山之作，语言简洁，文笔优美，富含哲理，在世界文坛也有较高的地位。
它影响了很多国家的读者，其中不乏颇有成就的文学家和艺术家，如莎士比亚、莫泊桑等。
培根在随笔中表达了个人对生活各个角度的看法和观点，不少名言警句都出自他之手，比如“知识就是力量”。
这篇文章是培根对读书意义、作用和方法的阐述，是一篇教导人们如何读书的名篇。
我们学会读好书、掌握读书方法，这样才能节省自己的精力，从书中攫取更多更丰富的知识。
这篇文章适合在周末闲暇的时候朗读，以此反省自己，是否时刻保持学习的态度，朗读时，语调平缓，注意节奏，边朗读，边自省。
除了这篇文章，《培根随笔》的其他文章也极适合一个人朗读，可以自行找来朗读。
【原文欣赏】
读书可以给人带来快乐，也能陶冶人的情操，是最适合
独处一室的消遣。
读书有助于高谈阔论时旁征博引，读书有助于处世时做出明智的判断。
有的人可以通过丰富的经验对细枝末节进行分析和判断，不过，如果想要统筹全局，还是要进行系统的知识整理和归纳。
读书太慢，会让人产生惰性；太过注重语言的华丽，会显得矫情；照搬书中的条文，会给人一种食古不化的老学究形象。
读书可以弥补后天的缺陷，经验是对书本知识的补充。
那种生而有才的人就像是天生的花草，读书就是对它的枝枝叶叶进行修剪、嫁接；如果只知道读书，而不懂得将知识用于实践，读再多的书也于事无补。
有一技之长的人对读书不屑一顾，无知的人对读书唯有羡慕，只有明智之士才会好好利用读书，但是读书并不是用来四处炫耀的，其用处也不在书本之内，应在书本之外多多观察。
读书时，不必对作者求全责备，但是也不能对书中所言尽信，应对其进行推敲和思考。
有的书浅读即可，有的书囫囵吞枣地读就行，只有少数的书适合一字一句慢慢斟酌。
换而言之，有的书只读一部分，有的书可以了解大概，少数的书需要全部读完，还需全神贯注、孜孜不倦。
读书也可以请人代读，读其所撰写的文章摘要即可，但是这种只限于那些题材较次、价值不太高的书，否则被人提炼过的书像是蒸馏水，淡而无味。
读书让人变得更加充实，讨论让人变得机智，笔记让人变得条理。
那些不做笔记的人需要有很强的记忆力，不爱讨
论的的人需要天生聪慧，不常读书的人需要有高超的欺世之术，才能不显得无知。
读历史让人明智，读诗歌让人变得灵秀，数学让人变得严谨，科学让人变得深刻，伦理让人变得庄重，逻辑修辞让人变得善辩。
你所学皆能有助于性格形成。
人的思路一旦在哪些方面有所阻碍，可以读适当的书籍解惑，就像人的身体，哪里出病症，就用相应的运动来祛除。
踢球有利于强身，射箭有利于拉伸胸部，慢走有利于肠胃……诸如此类。
如果精神不集中，可以让其读数学，因为演算需要全神贯注，精神稍不集中就须重新算。
如果不善于辨别，可以去读哲学，因为研究哲学的人大多吹毛求疵。
如果不善于求同，不善于以一物求证另一物，可以让其多读律师的案卷。
这种心灵上的缺陷，都可以通过读书来改善。