政治用语英语词汇
经济政治法律类英语词汇总结
经济政治法律类英语词汇总结accusation控告acquit宣判无罪amend修正amnesty特赦appeal上诉apprehend拘押，逮捕arbitration仲裁，调停armed conflicts武装冲突attorney律师authorize授权autonomous自治的bilateral talks双边会淡civil law民法code法规，法典confinement关押，禁闭congressman国会议员conspiracy阴谋constitution宪法consul领事convict宣判有罪court法院court of appeal中级法院custody拘留criminal law刑法decree法令defendant被告defender辩护人defuse缓合，平息despot独裁者disarmament解除武装enforce实施，使生效established international practice国际惯例federal government联邦政府hierarchy等级制度humanitarian aid人道主义援助parliament 国会，议会House of Commons 下议院parliamentary debates 议会辩论self-evident principle 不言自明的法则verdict 陪审团的判决arbiter 仲裁者validity 有效性，合法性period terminate 截止日期suspension 中止，悬而未决in-house counsel 内部法律顾问citizenry 公民，国民basic right 基本权利privilege 特权higher up 上级，大人物elitism 杰出人物统治论，精英论bureaucratic 官僚主义的self-governing 自治的，自我管理的espionage 间谍活动spymaster 间谍组织首脑CIA(Central Intelligence Agency)美国中央情报局accusation 控告acquit 宣判无罪amend 修正amnesty 特赦appeal 上诉apprehend 拘押，逮捕arbitration 仲裁，调停armed conflicts 武装冲突attorney 律师authorize 授权autonomous 自治的bilateral talks 双边会淡civil law 民法code 法规，法典confinement 关押，禁闭congressman 国会议员conspiracy 阴谋constitution 宪法consul 领事convict 宣判有罪court 法院court of appeal 中级法院custody 拘留criminal law 刑法decree 法令defendant 被告defender 辩护人defuse 缓合，平息despot 独裁者disarmament 解除武装enforce 实施，使生效established international practice 国际惯例federal government 联邦政府hierarchy 等级制度humanitarian aid 人道主义援助illicit 非法的indemnity 赔偿institution 制度intellectual property.right 知识产权interim government 过渡政府joint declaration 联合声明judicial 司法的judiciary 司法部jury 陪审团lawsuit 诉讼legal liability 法律义务legislation 立法legislative 立法的legislature 立法机构legitimate 合法的litigant 诉讼当事人litigation 诉讼municipal 市政的offense 犯罪parliament 议会pending 未决的petition 请愿plaintiff(民事)原告plead 申诉，辩护probation 缓刑.察看public prosecutor 检查官reconciliation 和解repatriate 遣返Representative 众议院议员ruling(法官等)裁定secretary 部长senate 参议院senator 参议员sovereignty 主权statute 成文法stipulation 条文，规定subpoena 传票suit 起诉suitor(刑事)原告summit meeting 首脑会议峰会terrorist attack 恐怖袭击terrorist organizations 恐怖组织The Capitol 国会大厦the House of Representative 下议院The Pentagon 国防大楼the Senate 上议院undersecretary 次长usurpation 篡夺verdict(陪审团)裁定violation 违犯立法会议legislative sessions行政处罚administrative penalty司法部门enforcement apartment侵犯个人隐私invasion of privacy修改宪法revise the constitution假账deceptive accounting漏税tax evasion刑事诉讼criminal proceeding行贿和受贿take and offer bribes要求索赔claim compensation目无法规defy the law and social disciplines法律监督function as a legal supervisor扰乱治安disturb the social order建立奖励和制约机制establish a incentive and disincentive system物质和精神文明建设material and ideological progress精简机构streamline government organs集思广益pool ones wisdom扩大内需expand the domestic demand经济类词汇总结之一：account：n 账目，账户，报告，记录（僻义n 叙述，说明）accountant：n 会计同义词：relate n 叙述，说明）v 说明，解释，account for占据，成为accountant：会计反义词：auditor：n审计员，旁听生Audit：v审计accumulate：v 积累，堆积：accumulate wealth: 积累财富acquisition：n 收购；mergers and acquisitions\M&A 兼并与联合monopoly：垄断business concentrationaffiliate：v 附属于，n 附属公司，子公司be affiliated to ：隶属于，受..的支配Segregate：aggregate：CongregateComprehend v理解Apprehend：v理解=concern担忧v 使聚集，使积累；总计（记忆：ag=ac 使，greg=走，ate=动词后缀，走到一起）同义词：congregate使集合，聚集；其反义词segregate：se分开：使分离assess：v 评价，估计n assessment评价Estimate value rate weigh ponder calculate appraise evaluatebankrupt：a 破产的；v 破产；bankruptcy n 破产，倒闭barrier：n 障碍，屏蔽；trade and investment barriers：贸易和投资壁垒mass medium：大众媒介owned medium 自有媒介sold mediumearned mediumhijacked mediumboycott：n\v抵制boycott product：抵制产品commerce：n 商业，贸易；domestic：adj 家庭的，国内的domestic violence：家暴domestic commerce 国内贸易；domestic market：国内市场mass market：大众市场e-commerce：电子商务consolidate：vt 巩固，加强；合并，联合；consolidation：n巩固，联合contract：n 合同，契约；v 订合同，收缩，传染bond：n 合同，债券Government Bond：国债deposit：n 押金；存款withdraw：v 取钱，撤销，撤退domestic：a 国内的drastic: a 严厉的economies：n 国家；emerging economies：发展中国家；impoverished economies：发展中国家rich economies：发达国家estimate：n\v 估计，估价；underestimate：v 低估；overestimate：v高估expand：v 扩大，扩张；expansion：n 扩大，扩展；expansive：a 易扩张的exploit：v 剥削；利用，开发；exploit solar energy 利用太阳能energy consumption：耗力time consumption：费时money consumption：费钱energy-intensive：能源密集型labor-intensive：劳动密集型经济类词汇总结之二economic decline：经济衰退，经济下滑；Slowing economy：缓慢的经济softening economy：疲软的经济slackening economy：疲软的经济depression：大萧条stagnant：adj 停滞的supply-cut：切断供应oil shock：石油动荡digit：n 数位（比如12就是double-digit 两个数位）inflation：通货膨胀deflation：通货紧缩push up：价格上涨suspend：v 悬挂；中止（词根记忆：pend：悬，挂，称重，支付）；suspension：n 中止，暂停词根记忆：pend：悬，挂，支付expenditure：ex向外+pend支出+iture 名词后缀n.1.经费，支出retail price：零售价格；whole sale：批发价格sold out：售罄on sale：打折discount：打折，折扣swing：n 摇摆，秋千；v 价格浮动fluctuate：v 价格的波动consumption：消耗量（energy consumption，money consumption，time consumption）inflation：n 通货膨胀；deflation：n 通货紧缩price index：价格指数energy-intensive：能源密集型energy conservation：能源保护commodity price index：物价severe：adj 严重的gross：adj 总的，毛重量n 总额；GDP：gross domestic product：国内生产总值invest：v 投资（invest in real estate：投资房地产）；asset：资产tangible asset：有形资产intangible asset：无形资产liquid asset: 流动资产illiquid \fixed asset：固定资产investment：n 投资；investor：投资者monopoly：n垄断；专营服务anti—monopoly：反垄断；monopoly price：垄断价格；gain\hold\ secure a monopoly：获得\持有\得到专利权；monopolize：v独占，垄断单词记忆：mono=一个，mono+logue（说）=一个人说话，独白；mono+cycle（轮子）=独轮车mono+arch（管理）=君主，帝王mono+oxide氧化物=一氧化碳经济类词汇总结之三monetary policy: 货币政策central banker：中央银行poll：n 民意调查；v 选票slack：v 懈怠；经济萧条capacity utilization：生产利用率incentive：n 刺激，鼓励，激励(act as\create\provide incentive 成为\产生\提供动力）outcome: n 结果是，结果，成果（the outcome of competition is survival of the fittest:竞争的结果是优胜劣汰）A desirable\favorable\an inevitable outcome:称心的\有利的\不可避免的结果plunge：n\v 猛跌（股票的猛跌）；跳进；投入（A plunge into debt: 背债）slump：n\v 暴跌，下降prompt: v 促使，推动，激起a 敏捷的，迅速的proportion：n 部分，份儿；比例；均衡（in proportion to 与...成比例；out of proportion 不成比例）；a large proportion of 相当多quantify：v 定量，量化random：a 任意的，随机的；n 随机，随意；at random：任意地，随机地rebound：n\v 反弹；economic rebound：经济反弹restrict：v 限制，约束triple：n 三倍（tri：前缀，三）；tricycle：三轮车quadruple：四倍（quadru：前缀，四）underway：a 在进行中recovery：n恢复；economic recovery：经济复苏revival：n 复苏；economic revival：经济复苏经济类词汇总结之四administer：v 管理，治理；执行，实施；administration：n 管理，精英analyze: v 分析，研究appraise：v 评定，鉴定，评价；appraisal：n 评价，估计：assets appraisal：资产评估appropriate：a 适当的，恰当的；v挪用，盗用；appropriate public money：挪用公款inappropriate：a 不适当的；appropriation：n 挪用，盗用；拨款array：n 大堆，大量；an array of facts\information: 一连串的事实\信息bond：n 结合（物），连接；债券，契约；Government Bond 国债breach：n 破坏，违反:penalty for breach of contract:违约金\ breach of promise\peace 毁约，食言\扰乱治安；v破坏，违反：breach an agreement 违反约定circulate：v使循环，使流通；circulating capital：流动资本；circulation：n 循环；流通commonwealth：n 政治实体，联邦：commonwealth of Independence State(CIS) 独立国家联合体confidential：a 机密的，秘密的：confidential information\files 机密情报\文件crisis：n 危机，危急关头：economic\financial crisis 经济\财政危机；crisis of belief：信仰危机；come to\reach a crisis 陷入危机；in crisis 在危机中defence：n 防御，保护；辩护，答辩Department of Defense 国防部dispose：v处理；处置；dispose of 处理；处置；disposal：n 处理，处置；disposable a 用完即可丢弃的，一次性的impetus：n 推动力，促进；great\considerable\powerful impetus:大力推动；add\give\provide impetus to 给予、提供推动index：n 索引：alphabetical index：字母索引；指标，指数，标志：CPI(Consumer Price Index) 消费者物价指数；stock index：股票指数manipulate：v 操纵，控制，影响；熟练地使用；manipulation：n 操作，操纵manufacture：n 制造，制造业；v 制造，加工merge：v 使结合，合并；merger n 合并，归并mortgage：n 按揭，抵押贷款（单词记忆：mort死+gage抵押品=按揭，抵押）precede：v 在...之前，先于（单词记忆：pre 在...之前+cede走：走在...之前）；preceding：a 在先的，前面的；precedent：n 先例，范例，惯例经济类词汇总结之五propel：v推进，推动，激励；propeller：n 推进器，螺旋桨prosper：v 繁荣，兴旺，成功；prosperous：a 繁荣的，兴旺的；prosperity：n 富足，兴旺；Common prosperity：共同富裕quantitative：a 数量的，定量的；quantitative analysis：定量分析reciprocal：a 相互的，互惠的resultant：a 作为结果的，因而发生的smuggle：v 走私，偷运；smuggler：n 走私者；smuggling：n 走私活动wholesale：n 批发；the wholesale trade: 批发业；wholesale prices 批发价格yield：n 产量，收获v 屈服，服从；yield to 屈服于...听从allocate：v 分配，分派；housing allocation：住房分配assemble：v 集合，集会；组装，装配benefit：n 利益，好处；v 有益于，使收益；for the benefit of 为了...的利益；be of great benefit to 对...大有裨益commodity：n 商品，物品；fake or inferior quality commodity 假冒伪劣商品；commodity economy：商品经济deficient：a 缺陷的，缺乏的，不足的；deficient funds：租金短缺；deficient supplies：缺乏供应dividend：n 姑息，红利endorse：v 背书；赞同，认可；endorsement ：n 赞同，支持expense：n 花费，消费，费用；income and expense：收支；living expense：生活费用at the expense of...以...为代价generate：v 产生，发生impose：v 把..强加于：do not impose on others what you yourself do not desire:己所不欲勿施于人；征税；impose a fine\tax\restrictions on sb\sth:罚款\征税|强行管制；impose sth on sb 把..强加于inherit：v 继承；inherit sth from sb：从某人那里继承|遗传得到的levy：n 征税，税款：import levy 进口税收v 征收税等：levy taxes on incomes征收所得税经济类词汇总结之5Monetary：a 货币的，金融的：International Monetary Fund: （IMF）国际货币基金组织；monetary policy：货币政策Offset：n\v 补偿，抵消Quota：n 定量，定额，配额：import and export quota system：进出口配额制度Recession：n 经济衰退；an industrial recession：工业衰退Subsidiary：a 辅助的，附带的；n 子公司Tariff：n关税，税率；lower\raise the tariff on imported cars 降低\提高进口汽车的关税Tumble：n 暴跌Withdraw：v 缩回，退出；收回，撤销：withdraw one’s promise\proposal:收回诺言\撤销提议V 提取：withdraw money from an ATM：从ATM机上取钱Advance：n 前进，进步v 推进Bid：n 命令，吩咐；报价，投标；出价：invite for a bid：投标Blackmail：n|v 敲诈，勒索Boom：n 兴旺，迅速发展：there is a boom in.. ..迅速发展Brand：n 商品，品牌，标记Bubble：n 泡沫，虚假，骗局：bubble economy：泡沫经济Capital：n 资金，资本；capitalism：n 资本主义；capitalist：n 资本家Circular：a 圆形的，循环的；circular economy：循环经济Column：n 栏；（报刊）专栏：the financial column：财经专栏curb：v\n 控制，约束：curb housing prices：控制房价；curbing pollution：控制污染Deficit：n 赤字，逆差Surplus：a 过剩的，多余的，盈余的经济类词汇总结之六estate：n 地产，房地产：real estate：房地产gamble：n\v 赌博；投机，冒风险inflation：n 通货膨胀：control\check inflation 控制通货膨胀deflation：n 通货紧缩infrastructure：n 基础结构，基础设施（infra-在...下，低+structure：结构，组织）revenue：n （财政）收入，税收：Internal Revenue Commission 国税局revive：v 使复活，复苏（单词记忆：、re再一次+vive生命）：revive economy\old customs\trends: 复兴经济\再兴旧习惯\重现某趋势；revival：n 复兴：economy revival：经济复苏sanction：v 批准，许可；n 批准，认可：official sanction：正式批准；约束，出发；制裁：economic sanctions：经济制裁；impose\lift sanctions against：实行\取消对...的制裁segment：n 部分，片，段soar：v 高飞，飞翔；物价飞涨，猛增stake：n 利害关系，风险；赌注：be at stake: 利害攸关，在危险中；play for high stakes：下大赌注赌钱standstill：n 停止，停顿：be at\come to\bring sth to a standstill:处于停顿状态statistics：n 统计学；统计；statistical：统计的stock：v 储存；n 备料，库存，现货；股票，公债：stock exchange：证券交易所\\joint stock company：股份公司tangible：a 有形的，实际的，确实的：tangible advantages\proof\assets:实际的优势\确凿的证据\有形资产intangible：a 抽摸不到的，无形的；intangible assets：无形资产transact：v 做交易，办理；transaction：n 交易，业务widespread：a 分布广泛的，普遍的。
专升本政治英语
专升本政治英语政治是重要的一门学科，对于专升本考生来说，政治英语学习更是必不可少的一部分。
本文将为大家介绍一些政治英语学习的方法和技巧，希望能够帮助考生们在考试中取得好成绩。
一、政治英语词汇政治英语词汇的掌握是学习政治英语的基础，以下是一些常见的政治英语词汇：1. 政府机构：government agencies2. 国家元首：head of state3. 国会：parliament4. 民主制度：democratic system5. 选举：election6. 政治犯：political prisoner7. 政治理论：political theory8. 政策实施：policy implementation9. 政治参与：political participation10. 外交关系：diplomatic relations二、政治英语语法政治英语在语法方面也有其一些特点，下面是一些常见的语法结构和用法：1. 表达事实：使用一般现在时表达事实，如：“The government implements various policies.”（政府实施了各种政策。
）2. 表达观点：使用情态动词can、should等来表达观点和建议，如：“Citizens can participate in political activities.”（公民可以参与政治活动。
）3. 表示原因和结果：使用because、so等表示原因和结果，如：“The government promotes economic development because it benefits the country.”（政府促进经济发展是因为这有益于国家。
）三、政治英语阅读材料阅读是提高政治英语能力的有效途径之一，以下是一些推荐的政治英语阅读材料：1. 政治类报纸和杂志：通过阅读政治类报纸和杂志，可以了解最新的政治动态和事件，同时也能够提高政治英语的词汇量和阅读理解能力。
政府部门常见英语词汇-政治英语
政府部门常见英语词汇The people''s Republic of China (P. R. China) 中华⼈民共和国Province (Hebei Province) 省Prefecture (Cangzhou Prefecture) 区Municipality (Beijing Municipality) 市City (Cangzhou City) 市County (Cangxian County) 县Autonomous ⾃治 (Autonomous District [ Prefecture/ County]) Capital (Provincial Capital) 省会Communist Party of China 中国共产党National Party Congress 全国代表⼤会Fifteenth National Congress 第⼗五次全国代表⼤会(⼗五⼤)First Plenary Session 第中央()Central Committee 中央委员会member of the Central Committee 中央委员alternate member of the Central Committee 候补中央委员Political Bureau 政治局member of the Political Bureau 政治局委员alternate member of the Political Bureau 政治局候补委员Standing Committee of the Political Bureau 政治局常务委员会member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau 政治局常委Secretariat of the Central Committee 中央书记处General Secretary 总书记Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 中央纪律检查委员会Military Commission of the Central Committee 中央军事委员会International Liaison Department 对外联络部Organization Department 组织部United Front Work Department 统战部Propaganda Department 宣传部State President 国家主席President of PRC 中华⼈民共和国主席Vice President of PRC 中华⼈民共和国副主席National People''s Congress 全国⼈民代表⼤会Standing Committee 常务委员会Chairman 委员长Vice Chairpersons 副委员长Members of the NPC Standing Committee 常务委员会委员Central Military Committee 中央军事委员会Chairman 主席Vice Chairman 副主席CMC Members 委员Supreme People''s Court ⼈民法院President ⼈民法院院长Supreme People''s Procuratorate ⼈民检察院Procurator-General ⼈民检察院检察长State Council 国务院Premier 总理Vice Premier 副总理State Councillors 国务委员Ministry of Foreign Affairs 外交部Ministry of National Defense 国防部State Development Planning Commission 国家发展计划委员会State Economic and Trade Commission 国家经济贸易委员会Ministry of Education 教育部Ministry of Science and Technology 科学技术部Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense 国防科学技术⼯业委员会State Ethnic Affairs Commission 国家民族事务委员会Ministry of Public Security 公安部Ministry of State Security 安全部Ministry of Supervision 监察部Ministry of Civil Affairs 民政部Ministry of Justice 司法部Ministry of Finance 财政部Ministry of Personnel ⼈事部Ministry of Labor and Social Security 劳动和社会保障部Ministry of Land and Natural Resources 国⼟资源部Ministry of Construction 建设部Ministry of Railways 铁道部Ministry of Communications 交通部Ministry of Information Technology and Telecommunications 信息产业部Ministry of Water Resources ⽔利部Ministry of Agriculture 农业部Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Co-operation 对外贸易经济合作部Ministry of Culture ⽂化部Ministry of Health 卫⽣部State Family Planning Commission 国家计划⽣育委员会People''s Bank of China 中国⼈民银⾏Auditing Administration 审计署Chinese People''s Political Consultative Conference 中国⼈民政治协商会议National Committee 全国委员会Standing Committee 常务委员会Chairman 主席Vice-Chairpersons 副主席democratic party 民主党派Revolutionary Committee of the Kuomintang 中国国民党⾰命委员会（民⾰）China Democratic League 中国民主同盟（民盟）China Democratic National Construction Association 中国民主建国会（民建）China Association Promoting Democracy 中国民主促进会（民进）Chinese Peasants'' and Workers'' Democratic Party 中国农⼯民主党China Zhi Gong Dang 中国致公党Jiu San Society 九三学社Taiwan Democratic self-government 台湾民主⾃治同盟（台盟）people''s organization ⼈民团体All-China Federation of Trade Unions 中华全国总⼯会（全总）Communist Youth League of China 中国共产主义青年团（共青团?All-China Federation of Youth 中华全国青年联合会（全国青联）All-China Students'' Federation 中华全国学⽣联合会（全国学联）China Young Pioneers 中国少年先锋队（少先队）All-China Women''s Federation 中华全国妇⼥联合会（全国妇联）China Association for Science and Technology 中国科学技术协会（中国科协）China Federation of Literary and Art Circles 中国⽂学艺术界联合会（⽂联）All-China Federation of Returned Overseas Chinese 中华全国归国华侨联合会（全国侨联）China Welfare Institute 中国福利会Red Cross Society of China 中国红⼗字会Chinese People''s Liberation Army 中国⼈民解放军Headquarters of the General Staff 总参谋部General Political Department 总政治部General Logistics Department 总后勤部General Armament Department 总装备部。
时事政治英语词汇
时事政治词汇国内时事Domestic Affairs中国共产党第十七次全国代表大会17th National Congress of Communist Party of China (17th NCCPC)中央政治局Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the CPC中央纪律检查委员会Central Commission for Discipline Inspection中共中央委员会CPC Central Committee全国人民代表大会(简称全国人大) National People’s Congress (NPC)九届全国人大四次会议the Fourth Session of the Ninth National People’s Congress全国人大代表deputy to the National People’s Congress全国人民代表大会主席团the NPC Presidium全国人民代表大会常务委员会the NPC Standing Committee全国人民代表大会常务委员会办公厅the general offices of the NPC Standing Committee中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会(简称全国政协) National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC)中国政协委员member of the National Committee of CPPCC最高人民法院Supreme People’s Court最高人民法院院长President of the Supreme People’s Court最高人民检察院Supreme People’s Procuratorate最高人民检察院检察长Procurator-General国务院State Council外交部Ministry of Foreign Affairs国防部Ministry of National Defense国家发展计划委员会State Development Planning Commission国家经济贸易委员会State Economic and Trade Commission教育部Ministry of Education科学技术部Ministry of Science and Technology国防科学技术工业委员会Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense国家民族事务委员会State Ethnic Affairs Commission公安部Ministry of Public Security安全部Ministry of State Security监察部Ministry of Supervision民政部Ministry of Civil Affairs司法部Ministry of Justice财政部Ministry of Finance人事部Ministry of Personnel劳动和社会保障部Ministry of Labor and Social Security国土资源部Ministry of Land and Natural Resources建设部Ministry of Construction铁道部Ministry of Railways交通部Ministry of Communications信息产业部Ministry of Information Technology and Telecommunications水利部Ministry of Water Resources农业部Ministry of Agriculture对外贸易经济合作部Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Co-operation文化部Ministry of Culture卫生部Ministry of Health国家计划生育委员会State Family Planning Commission中国人民银行People’s Bank of China审计署Auditing Administration中共中央总书记General Secretary, the CPC Central Committee政治局常委Member, Standing Committee of Political Bureau, the CPC Central Committee 政治局委员Member, Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee书记处书记Member, secretariat of the CPC Central Committee中央委员Member, Central Committee候补委员Alternate Member省委/市委书记Secretary,…Provincial/Municipal Committee of the CPC党组书记secretary, Party Leadership Group中华人民共和国主席/副主席President/Vice President, the People’s Republic of China全国人大委员长/副委员长Chairman/Vice Chairman, National People’s Congress秘书长Secretary-General主任委员Chairman委员Member（地方人大）主任Chairman, Local People’s Congress人大代表Deputy to the People’s Congress国务院总理Premier, State Council副总理Vice Premier国务委员State Councilor秘书长Secretary-General（国务院各委员会）主任Minister in Charge of Commission for（国务院各部）部长Minister部长助理Assistant Minister司长Director局长Director省长Governor常务副省长Executive Vice Governor自治区人民政府主席Chairman, Autonomous Regional People’s Government地区专员Commissioner, prefecture香港特别行政区行政长官Chief Executive, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region市长/副市长Mayor/Vice Mayor区长Chief Executive, District Government县长Chief Executive, County Government乡镇长Chief Executive, Township Government秘书长Secretary-General办公厅主任Director, General Office（部委办）主任Director处长/副处长Division Chief/Deputy Division Chief科长/股长Section Chief科员Clerk/Officer有中国特色的社会主义民主政治socialist democratic politics with Chinese characteristics邓小平理论Deng Xiaoping Theory三个代表three represents theory (the Party must always represent the requirements of the development of China’s advanced productive forces, the orientation of the development of China’s advanced culture, and the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people in China.)高举邓小平理论伟大旗帜，全面贯彻“三个代表”重要思想hold high the banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory and carry out the important thoughts of "Three Represents"坚持解放思想、实事求是的思想路线，弘扬与时俱进的精神adhere to the ideological guideline of emancipating the mind, seeking truth from facts, and upholds the spirit of advancing with time. 两大历史性课题（提高党的执政能力和领导水平、提高拒腐防变和抵御风险能力）the two major historic subjects of enhancing the abilities of administration and art of leadership and resisting corruption, guarding against degeneration and warding off risks.全面推进党的建设的新的伟大工程forge ahead with the new great project of Party building三讲教育：讲学习，讲政治，讲正气three emphases education (to stress theoretical study, political awareness and good conduct)新闻发布会news conference政府工作报告government’s work report国有企业state-owned enterprises (SOE)人均国内生产总值per-capita gross domestic product (GDP)国民生产总值gross national product (GNP)经济房low-cost housing西部大开发the strategy of developing the western region西部大开发战略develop-the-west strategy扩大住房贷款，助学贷款和大件消费品贷款expand housing loans, student loans and major commodity loans弱势群体disadvantaged groups (对弱势群体给予特殊的就业援助。
2016考研英语复习：常见政治词汇的英译
2016考研英语复习：常见政治词汇的英译中文英文“四个全面”战略布局【释义】全面建成小康社会、全面深化改革、全面依法治国、全面从严治党。
Four-Pronged Comprehensive StrategyThe Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy is to make comprehensive moves to:1) finish building a moderately prosperous society;2) deepen reform;3) advance the law-based governance of China; and4) strengthen Party self-discipline.“两个一百年”奋斗目标【释义】在中国共产党成立一百年时全面建成小康社会，在新中国成立一百年时建成富强民主文明和谐的社会主义现代化国家。
Two Centenary GoalsThe Two Centenary Goals are: to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects by the time the Communist Party of China celebrates its centenary in 2021; and to turn China into a modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, and harmonious by the time the People’s R epublic of China celebrates its centenary in 2049.三期叠加simultaneously deal with the slowdown in economic growth, make difficult structural adjustments,and absorb the effects of previous economic stimulus policies双目标【例】保持中高速增长和迈向中高端水平双目标。
政治英语
第十章政治英语词汇“Agriculture, Countryside and Farmer” issues三农问题"bringing in" and "going out" “引进来”和“走出去”政策"eight do's" and "eight don'ts" “八个坚持、八个反对”Four Cardinal Principles 四项基本原则Four modernizations 四个现代化（农、工、国防、科技）"one china, one Taiwan" “一中一台”“one country, two systems”“一国两制”“south -south cooperation”“南南合作”"Taiwan independence" “台湾独立”"two Chinas" “两个中国”“Three Represents”“三个代表”three direct links (mail, air and shipping services and trad e) （两岸）直接三通the eight-point proposal 八项主张the five principles of peaceful coexistence 和平共处五项原则the fourth plenary session 四中全会the ninth five-year plan (1996-2000) “九五”计划the tenth five-year plan (2001-2005) “十五”计划the third plenary session of the eleventh central committee 十一届三中全会the three major historical tasks 三大历史任务the three Sino-Us joint communiqués《中美三个联合公报》three favorables 三个有利于16th party congress 十六大23 million Taiwan compatriots 两千三百万台湾同胞a well-off standard 小康水平a well-off society 小康社会advance the development of the western region 推进西部大开发advances with the times 与时代发展同步伐at the proper time and to an appropriate degree 适时适度attempts to split the country 各种分裂图谋blazing new trails in a pioneering spirit 开拓创新build a well-off society in an all-round way 全面建设小康社会building a moderately prosperous society in all respects 全面建设小康社会build a clean and honest government 廉政建设build a conservation-minded society 建设(资源)节约型社会china's cross-century development 我国的跨世纪发展china's international standing 我国的国际地位china's overall national strength 我国综合国力citizens' participation in political affairs 公民政治参与civic duty 公民职责civil rights / civil liberties 公民权利、自由civil servants 公务员creativity, cohesion and fighting capacity 创造力、凝聚力和战斗力cross-straits negotiations 两岸谈判cross-straits relations 两岸关系crucial historical juncture 重大历史关头democratic decision-making 民主决策democratic elections 民主选举democratic management 民主管理Democratic Progressive Party 民进党democratic supervision 民主监督Deng Xiaoping theory 邓小平理论deputy to the National People's Congress 全国人大代表extensive and profound 博大精深extravagance and waste 铺张浪费falsification 弄虚作假family planning 计划生育federations of industry 工商联fetters of subjectivism and metaphysics 主观主义和形而上学的桎梏fight against "Taiwan Independence"反对“台独”good-neighborly relationship 睦邻友好government functions 政府职能government institutions 政府机构government intervention 政府干预government organs 政府机构(have) a good government and a united people 政通人和historic breakthrough 历史性突破hold high the great banner of Deng Xiaoping theory 高举邓小平理论伟大旗帜honesty 诚实守信honesty and high efficiency 廉洁高效Hong Kong And Macao special administrative regions 香港、澳门特别行政区ideological and moral education 思想道德建设intellectuals 知识分子intensify functions 强化功能international organizations 国际性组织international situation 国际形势iron out differences 化解歧见keep pace with the times 与时俱进kingpin 支撑long-term peace and order 长治久安long-term social stability and solidarity 长期社会安定团结Macao 澳门Mao Zedong thought 毛泽东思想Marxism Leninism 马克思列宁主义mass organizations 人民团体masters of the country 当家作主material and cultural needs of the people 人民的物质文化需要material and spiritual civilization 物质文明和精神文明media and publicity work 宣传舆论工作moral kingpin 精神支撑morality, intelligence, physique and art 德智体美national rejuvenation through science and education 科教兴国national reunification 祖国统一national spirit 民族精神negotiations on peaceful reunification 和平统一谈判neighborhood committee 居委会NPC member 人大代表our compatriots in Taiwan 台湾同胞our compatriots in the Hong Kong SAR 香港特别行政区同胞our compatriots in the Macao SAR 澳门特别行政区同胞patriots from all walks of life 各界爱国人士patriotic democratic personages 爱国民主人士patriotic united front 爱国统一战线peace and development 和平与发展（副）总统, (vice-)president（副）主席, (vice-)chairman/chairperson总书记, General secretary（副）委员长, (vice)chairman（副）总理, (vice)premier（副）部长, (vice)minister（副）主任, (deputy)director（副）局长, (vice)bureau-director（副）省长, (vice)provincial governor（副）市长, (vice)mayor/mayoress（副）县长, (vice)head of a county（副）处长, (deputy) division chief（副）科长, (deputy)section chief政治思想教育, Political and ideological education思想政治工作, Political and ideological work共产主义道德品质, Communist ethics中共中央, The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China西部开发, The development of China’s west国务院开发研究中心, The Development Research Center of the State Coun cil发展是硬道理, Development is the absolute/cardinal truth.“三个代表”思想, The “Three Represents” theory党的基本路线, The Party’s basic line自觉与党中央保持一致, To conscientiously be in line with the Party ce nter跨世纪领导干部, Cross-century leadership领导干部要讲政治, Leading cadres should be politically minded领导干部要讲学习, Leading cadres should highlight the importance of l earning领导干部要讲正气, Leading cadres should adhere to moral integrity官僚主义工作作风, Working styles of bureaucracy相互包庇, Cover each other’s demerits改革的步子更大些, Take bolder and wider steps in reform政治体制改革, The reform in the political system政治民主化, Political democratization居委会, Neighborhood committee民政部门, The ministry of civil affairs实事求是, Call a spade a spade (to seek truth on the basis of facts)解放思想, Emancipate the mind转变观念, Transform the old mindset在官方的监督下, Under official surveillance地方保护主义, Regional protectionism拜金主义, Money worship/mammonism形式主义, Formalism行贿, Practice bribery索贿, Demand briberies from受礼, Receive gifts反对贪污受贿, To fight against corruption and bribery走过场, Make it a mere ceremony/formality居功自傲, To pride oneself on past achievements/become conceited due to one’s merits唯利是图, Profit-motivated/profit seeking血洗耻辱, To wipe out the disgrace德才兼备, With/showing both professional ability and political integr ity道德准则, Ethical code抓住时机, Seize the right/current opportunity蔚然成风, To become a common practice合法权益, Lawful rights and interests廉洁自律, To perform one’s duty honestly and faithfully反腐倡廉, To combat corruption and build up a clean and honest govern ment廉政建设, To build up a clean government贪污腐败, Corruption惩治腐败, To combat corruption政治腐败, Political corrosion/degeneration腐化堕落, Morally degenerate生活腐化, Lead a lavish and dissolute/dissipated life推卸责任, The shift responsibilities to others豪华住宅, A luxurious residence扫黄运动, An anti-pornography campaign以权谋私, To abuse one’s power for personal interests权钱交易, To trade power for money违法乱纪, Violate laws and disciplines侵吞公款, Embezzlement of public funds公款吃喝, To enjoy banquets on public expense公款出国旅游, Sightseeing tours abroad on public funds不得人心, To lose popularity among the people引起公愤, To provoke popular indignation和稀泥, To blur the line between right and wrong扯皮, Dispute over trifles拉山头, To form a faction穿小鞋, Give sb. a pair of light shoes to wear/make things hard for s b. by abusing one’s power挨整（成为众矢之的）, To become the target of attack/be under fire请客送礼, To invite guests to dinner and give tem gifts拉关系, Try to establish a rapport with sb.走后门, To get in by the back door托人情, Ask an influential figure to help arrange sth.找后台, Seek back stage boss嫉贤妒能, To be jealous and envious of capable persons拖拉的工作作风, Tardy and dilatory working style提高…意识, To heighte n one’s awareness of暂行条例, Interim regulations留党察看, To remain on probation within the party免除党内职务, Removal from posts in the party严重警告, Serious warning对外开放, Open up to the out-side world长治久安, To maintain long-term/lasting stability and security有紧迫感, To have a sense of urgency维持现状, To maintain the status quo跟上时代的步伐, To keep pace of the times/to keep abreast with the ti mes和平演变, Peaceful evolution主权, Sovereignty举动/举措, Move基本法, Basic law香港总督, Governor of Hong Kong行政长官, Chief executive台湾问题, The Taiwan issue各界人士, Public figures from all circles各界代表, Representative personages of various circles一贯立场, Consistent stand和平统一, Peaceful reunification和平建设, Peaceful construction基本出发点, The ultimate aim of …台湾当局, The Taiwan authorities购买军火, To purchase/order ammunitions扩军备战, Arms race军事挑衅, Military provocation历史遗留问题, Questions left over from past history保证顺利回归, To guarantee/ensure the smooth return of完成中华民族统一大业, To achieve the peaceful reunification of the Ch inese nation坚持一个中国立场, To adhere to one-China position反对“两个中国”, To be opposed to “two Chinas”我们神圣的领土台湾回归祖国的怀抱, The return of our sacred territory, Taiwan to the embrace of the motherland与国际接轨, To integrate … with the international standards/norms an d practices/to conform to international norms and practices欧洲议会, European Parliament欧盟, European Union欧洲政治联盟, European Political Union政府机构, Government institutions机构臃肿, Overstaffed government organization人浮于事, Have more hands than needed任人唯贤, To appoint people on their merits国家机关, State agency常务委员会, The standing committee劳动局, Labor bureau劳动部, The ministry of labor人事处, The personnel division少数民族, Ethnic groups民主改革, Democratic reform中国专家, Chinese expert中国问题专家, China expert加强行政管理, Strengthen administrative management办理审批程序, To go through all the procedures of approval简化审批手续, Simplify/streamline the procedures of approval全国大会, National Congress全体会议, A plenary session人民大会堂, The Great Hall of the People全国人民代表大会, The National People’s Congress中国人民政治协商会议, Chinese People’s Political Cons ultative Confer ence国务院主管部门, The competent/incumbent department of the State Counc il中华全国总工会, All-China Federation of Trade Unions世界知识产权组织, World Intellectual Property Organization 中华全国青年联合会, All-China Federation of Youth国家海洋局, The State Oceanographic Administration国家海洋公园, National marine park交通部, The Ministry of Transportation。
政治英语
政治英语request the consent of ...征求…的同意Information service新闻处diplomat外交官diplomatic rank外交官衔diplomatic representative外交代表ambassador大使ambassador-at-large巡回大使special envoy特使counselor参赞consul-general总领事consul领事charge d'affaires代办attache随员commercial attache商务专员cultural attache文化专员military attache武官foreign affairs外交事务diplomatic practice外交惯例diplomatic immunities外交豁免diplomatic privileges外交特权diplomatic channels外交途径diplomatic courier外交信使diplomatic bag外交邮袋diplomatic pouch外交邮袋letter of credence/credentials国书communique公报announcement公告announcement通告letter of introduction介绍书National People's Congress全国人民代表大会Fifteenth National Congress第十五次全国代表大会Standing committee常务委员会National Committee全国委员会Chairman委员长Vice Chairpersons副委员长State Council国务院Premier总理Vice Premier副总理State Councillors国务委员Central Committee中央委员会State President国家主席Chairman主席Vice Chairman副主席General Secretary总书记Central Military Committee中央军事委员会Supreme People's Court最高人民法院Ministry of Finance财政部Ministry of Public Security公安部Ministry of Supervision监察部Ministry of Communications交通部Ministry of Education教育部Ministry of Personnel人事部memorandum/aide-memoire备忘录statement声明mutual recognition互相承认de jure recognition法律承认de facto recognition事实上承认identification card身份证Ministry of Justice司法部Propaganda Department宣传部People's organization人民团体Ministry of Foreign Affairs外交部Consulate-general总领事馆Consulate领事馆Liaison office联络处Military attache's office武官处certificate of appointment委任证书exequatur许可证书proceed to take up one's post赴任express regret表示遗憾object to提出异议take up a matter with向…交涉lodge a protest with向…提出抗议verbal note普通照会circular note通知照会normalization正常化present one's credentials递交国书exchange ambassadors互派大使persona grata受欢迎的人during one's absence离任期间declaration/manifesto宣言letter of recall召回公文note(外交)照会formal note正式照会establish consular relations建立领事关系assume one's post就任。
英语考研时事政治词汇
时事政治词汇出口退税机制Export tax rebate system多年积累的深层次问题Long-standing and deep-seated problems改善缺医少药的状况Alleviate the shortage of medical services and medicines阶段性政策Interim policy 公正Notary service国有商业银行股份制改造试点方案加强农村，支持农业，保护农业Pilot plan to transform state-owned commercial banks into stock entities strengthen, support and protect agriculture粮食风险基金Grain risk fund 盲目投资Haphazard investment南水北调工程东线Eastern route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project农村非农产业Non-agricultural industries in rural areas农村税费改革试点Experimental reform of rural taxes and administrative charges农民人均纯收入Rural per capita net income 配套措施Supporting measures群众体育Amateur sports 森工Logging industry社会投资Nongovernmental investment 贴息贷款Soft loan拖欠工程款Default on construction cost 文化体制改革Cultural restructuring县乡机构改革Reforms of county and township government institutions消费信贷Consumption on credit循环经济和情节生产Recycling industries and clean production 优先安置Hiring preference增强经济发展后劲Increase the potential for economic development政府工作的着力点The government’s priorities执法过错追究制Mechanism for investigating and prosecuting law enforcement improprieties职工代表大会Workers’ conference重大问题集体决策制度、专家咨询制度、社会公式和社会听证制度、决策责任制度Systems for making collective decisions on major issues, for soliciting opinions from experts, for keeping the public informed and holding public hearings, and for accountability in policy-making主辅分离、辅业改制Separate secondary lines of business from core business, turn secondary lines into independent companies做好资源型城市经济转型Transform the resource-based economies of certain cities《城市生活无着的流浪乞丐人员的救助管理办法》Measures for assisting vagrants and beggars with no means of support in cities适当增加中央预算内经常性建设投资Appropriately increase investment from the central budget for regular construction 安全专项整治Carry out more special programs to address safety problems保证物流畅通Ensure unimpeded flow of goods and materials超期羁押Detention beyond the legally prescribed time limits独立自主自办的原则Principle of independence and self-governance供养资金Funding国有企业下岗职工基本生活保障向失业保险并轨Integrate the subsistence allowances for laid-off workers into the unemployment insurance system基本建成覆盖城乡、功能完善的疾病预防控制和医疗救治体系Establish a fully functioning system for disease prevention and control and for emergency medical aid that covers both urban and rural areasreform and opening up and in the modernization drive改革开放和社会主义现代化建设put into practice the guiding principles of the Sixteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) under the leadership of the CPC and the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents 以邓小平理论和”三个代表” 重要思想为指导，贯彻落实党的十六大精神Per capita GDP 人均国内生产总值financial strength grew noticeably 财力明显增强total government revenue 全国财政收入total import and export volume 进出口总额laid-off workers 下岗失业人员urban per capita disposable income 城镇居民人均可支配收入rural per capita net income 农民人均纯收入grew in real terms 实际增长first manned spaceflight 首次载人航天飞行overall national strength 综合国力communicable disease 传染性疾病mobilized the general public throughout the country to control the outbreak在全国范围内实行群防群控primary-level organizations 基层组织prevention and treatment work 预防救治工作anti-SARS campaign 抗击非典斗争expand domestic demand 扩大内需macro-control 宏观调控a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策rectify and standardize the order of the land market 整顿和规范土地市场秩序stop disorderly and unauthorized acquisition of farmland制止乱征滥占耕地deposit-reserve ratio 存款准备金率an appropriate amount of fine-tuning适度微调agriculture, rural areas and farmers "三农"major grain producing areas 粮食主产区important raw and processed materials 重要原材料strategic restructuring of the economy 经济结构战略性调整the second phase of the key water control project at the Three Gorges on the Yangtze River 三峡水利枢纽二期工程transmitting natural gas from the west to the east 西气东输transmission of electricity from the west to the east 西电东送south-to-north water diversion project 南水北调工程large-scale development of the western region 西部大开发social undertakings 社会事业treasury bonds 国债national public health system 全国公共卫生体系public health infrastructure 公共卫生设施pilot projects 试点项目medical care system and medical assistance system 医疗制度和医疗合作制度central budget 中央财政预算modern distance education 现代远程教育strategically important hi-tech research 战略高技术研究industrial application of new and high technologies 高新技术产业化a national medium- to long-range program for scientific and technological development 国家中长期科学和技术发展规划feasibility studies 可行性研究family planning work 计划生育工作land and resources administration 国土资源管理social security work 社会保障工作vital interests 切身利益employment and reemployment 就业再就业college expansion plan 高校扩招计划regular institutions of higher learning 普通高校"two guarantees" (guaranteeing that the living allowances for workers laid off from state-owned enterprises and that the pensions of retirees are paid on time and in full) "两个确保"（确保国有企业下岗职工的基本生活，确保离退休人员的基本生活，保证按时足额发放基本养老金）"three-stage guarantee" for laid-off workers "三条保障线"（国有企业下岗职工基本生活保障、失业保险、城市居民最低生活保障制度三条保障线）subsistence allowances for the urban poor 城市居民最低生活保障special funds 专项资金ex-servicemen 退役军人disabled revolutionary servicemen 革命伤残军人post-disaster reconstruction 灾后重建the problem of wage arrears for migrant rural workers 拖欠农民工工资问题institutional innovation 体制创新state assets 国有资产a mechanism for oversight and management of the banking sector 银行业监管体系administrative examination and approval system 行政审批制度Fresh progress was made in transforming state-owned enterprises into stock companies. 国有企业股份制改革继续推进。
高中阶段的英语政治经济词汇英语知识点
高中阶段的英语政治经济词汇英语知识点1. 政治词汇：政治经济词汇在高中阶段的英语学习中占据重要的地位。
以下是一些常见的政治词汇及其英语表达：1.1 政府（Government）- The government plays a crucial role in implementing policies and providing services to its citizens.- The government is responsible for maintaining law and order in the country.1.2 国家（Nation）- Our nation is known for its rich cultural heritage and diverse population.- The nation's economy has been growing steadily over the past decade.1.3 民主（Democracy）- Democracy allows citizens to participate in decision-making processes and elect their representatives.- In a democratic society, freedom of speech and expression are protected.1.4 政策（Policy）- The government implemented new policies to promote economic growth and reduce unemployment.- The foreign policy of a country determines its relations with other nations.1.5 选举（Election）- Candidates campaign vigorously before the election to gain the support of the voters.- The results of the election will determine the future direction of the country.2. 经济词汇：在高中阶段的英语学习中，了解和掌握一些经济词汇也是非常重要的。
政治英语词汇
政治英语词汇request the consent of ... 征求…的同意Information service新闻处diplomat外交官diplomatic rank外交官衔diplomatic representative 外交代表ambassador大使ambassador-at-large巡回大使special envoy特使counselor参赞consul-general总领事consul领事charge d'affaires代办attache随员commercial attache商务专员cultural attache文化专员military attache武官foreign affairs外交事务diplomatic practice外交惯例diplomatic immunities外交豁免diplomatic privileges外交特权diplomatic channels外交途径diplomatic courier外交信使diplomatic bag外交邮袋diplomatic pouch外交邮袋letter of credence/credentials 国书communique公报announcement公告announcement通告letter of introduction介绍书National People's Congress全国人民代表大会Fifteenth National Congress 第十五次全国代表大会Standing committee常务委员会National Committee全国委员会Chairman委员长Vice Chairpersons副委员长State Council国务院Premier总理Vice Premier副总理State Councillors国务委员Central Committee中央委员会State President国家主席Chairman主席Vice Chairman副主席General Secretary总书记Central Military Committee 中央军事委员会Supreme People's Court最高人民法院Ministry of Finance财政部Ministry of Public Security 公安部Ministry of Supervision监察部Ministry of Communications 交通部Ministry of Education教育部Ministry of Personnel人事部memorandum/aide-memoire 备忘录statement声明mutual recognition互相承认de jure recognition法律承认de facto recognition事实上承认identification card身份证Ministry of Justice司法部Propaganda Department宣传部People's organization人民团体Ministry of Foreign Affairs外交部Consulate-general总领事馆Consulate领事馆Liaison office联络处Military attache's office武官处certificate of appointment委任证书exequatur许可证书proceed to take up one's post 赴任express regret表示遗憾object to提出异议take up a matter with向…交涉lodge a protest with向…提出抗议verbal note普通照会circular note通知照会normalization正常化present one's credentials递交国书exchange ambassadors互派大使persona grata受欢迎的人during one's absence离任期间declaration/manifesto宣言letter of recall召回公文note(外交)照会formal note正式照会establish consular relations建立领事关系assume one's post就任resume diplomatic relations恢复外交关系1 站在新起点on a new starting point2 创新型国家innovation-oriented country3 资源节约型社会resource-conserving society4 资源型城市转型transformation of resource-dependent cities5 区别对待，有保有压the principle of taking different approaches to different situations and encouraging the growth of some sectors while discouraging the expansion of others6 “五个统筹” maintain the "five balances" (balancing urban and rural development, development among regions, economic and social development,development of man and nature, and domestic development and opening up to the outside world)7 鼓励、支持和引导非公有制经济encourage, support and guide the growth of the non-public sector of the economy8 发扬成绩build on our achievements9 环保专项治理special projects to address serious environmental problems10 保护天然林protect virgin forests11 退牧还草return grazing land to grassland阿12 退耕还林还草return farmland to forests or grassland13 石漠化spread of stony deserts14 防沙治沙prevent and control desertification15 生态补偿机制a mechanism for ecological compensation16 农村综合试点改革trials of comprehensive rural reform17 农机具补贴subsidies for agricultural machinery and tools18 良种补贴subsidies for growing superior grain cultivators19 多予少取放活the policy of giving more, taking less and loosening control (to increase rural incomes)20 “三提五统” "three deductio ns" (for public reserve funds, public welfare funds and management fees) and the "five charges" (charges for rural education, family planning, militia training, rural road construction and subsidies to entitled groups)21看病难、看病贵，上学难、上学贵the difficulty and high cost of getting medical treatment and receiving an education22 粮食安全food safety23 农村劳动力转移培训job training for farm laborers looking for urban employment24 防止“一哄而起” avoid herd mentality25 农村信用社体制the system of rural credit cooperatives26 牧业税livestock tax27 资源税resource tax28 农业面源污染widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area29 政策性关闭破产policy-based closure and bankruptcy30 企业分离办社会relieve enterprises of their obligation to operate social programs31 城市和国有企业厂办大集体collectively owned factories operated by state-owned enterprises and cities32 上市公司股权分置改革reform of the shareholder structure of listed companies33 人民币汇率形成机制改革reform of the mechanism for setting the renminbi exchange rate34 利率形成和传导机制setting and transmitting interest rates35 国债余额管理方式the method of outstanding balance management for its national debt36 建立财政性科技投入稳定增长机制establish a mechanism to ensure stable growth of government investment in science and technology37 坚持国家绝对控股keep a controlling share in the state''s hands38 强化银行资本充足率约束strengthen capital requirements for banks39 政府收支分类改革reformation of the classification of government revenue and expenditures40 投资主体和产权多元化investment from various sources and diversified ownership41 完善国有资产监管体制，健全国有资本经营预算制度、经营业绩考核体系和国有资产重大损失责任追究制度strengthen the oversight system for state assets by establishing a sound operating and budget system for state capital, a sound performance evaluation system and a sound system for assigning responsibility for major losses of state assets42 提高系统集成能力improve systems integration43 控制新增产能control expansion of production capacity44 废物综合利用和废旧资源回收利用comprehensive utilization of waste materials and recovery and recycling of used resources45 资源开发补偿机制、衰退产业援助机制mechanisms to compensate for resource depletion and to aid declining industries46 突发公共卫生事件医疗救治体系medical treatment system for public health emergencies47 乡镇卫生院health clinics in towns and townships48 公共文化基础设施culture-related facilities for public use49 城市低保对象urban residents entitled to basic living allowances50 完善城市低保制度improve the system of urban subsistence allowances中国特色词汇库（一）分类:英语学习C采取高姿态show magnanimity采取市场多元化战略adopt the strategy of a multi-outlet market菜篮子工程shopping basket program参政、议政participate in the management of State affairs仓储式超市stockroom-style supermarket草根工业grass root industry (refers to village and township enterprises which take root among farmers and grow like wild grass)层层转包和违法分保multi-level contracting and illegal sub-contracting差额投票differential voting差额选举competitive election拆迁户households or units relocated due to building demolition搀水股票water-down stocks (ordinary stocks that can be bought by persons inside a stock company or a business at a cost lower that their face value)产粮大省granary province产量比1997年增加了2倍the output has increased 3 times (registered a3-fold increase; increased 200%)compared with 1997产品结构product mix产权明晰、权责明确、政企分开、管理科学clearly established ownership, well defined power and responsibility, separation of enterprise from administration, and scientific management产权制度、产权关系property relations; property order产销直接挂钩directly link production with marketing产业的升级换代upgrading of industries产业结构升级upgrading of an industrial structure长二捆LM-2E长期共存、互相监督、肝胆相照、荣辱与共long-term coexistence, mutual supervision, sincere treatment with each other and the sharing of weal or woe 长线产品product in excessive supply畅通工程"Smooth Traffic Project"唱高调mouth high-sounding words超高速巨型计算机giant ultra-high-speed computer超前消费over consuming, excessive consumption彻头彻尾的反动政治势力an out and out reactionary political force城市规划city's landscaping plan; urban planning城市中年雅皮士muppie (由middle-aged urban yuppie缩合而成)城乡信用社credit cooperative in both urban and rural areas城镇社会保障体系urban social security system吃大锅饭egalitarian practice of "everybody eating from the same big pot" 吃皇粮receive salaries, subsidies, or other supports from the government重复建设building redundant project; duplication of similar projects出口创汇能力capacity to earn foreign exchange through exports出口加工区export processing zones出口退税制度the system of refunding taxes on exported goods; export (tax) rebate出口转内销domestic sales of commodities originally produced for exports 传销multi-level marketing创建卫生城市：build a nationally advanced clean city创业园high-tech business incubator; pioneer park吹风会(advanced) briefing春蕾计划Spring Buds Program春运(passenger) transport during the Spring Festival磁悬浮列车Maglev train (magnetically levitated train), magnetic suspension train从粗放经济转变为集约经济shift from extensive economy to intensive economy粗放式管理extensive management促进全球经济一体化foster integration with the global economy存款保证金guaranty money for depositsE恶性通货膨胀hyperinflation恶性循环vicious circle二板市场; 创业板市场second board (on the country's stock market)二次创业start a new undertaking二元经济dual economyF法轮功Falun Gong Cult发烧友fancier; zealot; enthusiastic fan发行股票、债券issue shares and bonds发扬优良传统carry forward the fine traditions发优惠券以促销issue discount shopping coupons to promote sales发展不平衡disparate development发展是硬道理Development is of overriding importance. / Development is the absolute need.发展新兴产业和高技术产业develop rising and high-tech industries发展畜牧业、养殖业、林业develop animal husbandry (livestock farming),aquaculture and forestry法治国家 a country under the rule of law法制国家 a state with an adequate legal system翻两番quadruple反不正当竞争法Law of the People's Republic of China Against Competition by Inappropriate Means反对铺张浪费oppose/combat extravagance and waste反腐倡廉combat corruption and build a clean government反倾销anti-dumping防抱死系统ABS (anti-lock braking system)防洪工程flood-prevention project防止经济过热prevent an overheated economy (overheating of the economy) 防止国有资产流失prevent the loss (devaluation) of State assets防止泡沫经济avoid a bubble economy (too many bubbles in the economy)房管real estate management非对称数字用户环路Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Loop (ADSL)费改税transform administrative fees into taxes分拆上市 A subsidiary company of a corporation is listed on the stock market. 分流reposition of redundant personnel分流下岗人员争取再就业redirect laid-off workers for reemployment分期付款installment payment分税制system of tax distribution（产品）分销sub underwriting, distribution粉领族pink-collar tribe (Women who play major role in certain professions such as office workers, secretaries, models, airline hostesses, etc)风险投资venture capital; risk investment封闭式基金close-ended fund福利彩票welfare lotteries福利分房welfare-oriented public housing distribution system浮动工资floating wages; fluctuating wages扶贫、脱贫poverty reduction and elimination复式住宅duplex apartment; compound apartment (a type of residential housing that maximizes usable space by increasing the number of the storey building)G改革开放和现代化建设的总设计师the chief architect of China's reform, opening and modernization drive改进产业结构和产品结构improve the industrial pattern and product mix该公司股票已经上市the stock of the company have been listed (have gone public, have been launched)改制上市：An enterprise is re-organized according to modern corporate system so that it will get listed on the stock market.赶上或超过国际先进水平catch up with or even surpass advanced world levels 干部队伍革命化、年轻化、知识化、专业化make the ranks of cadres more revolutionary, younger in average age, better educated and professionally more competent港人治港Hong Kong people administering Hong Kong高产优质high yield and high quality高度自治high degree of autonomy高官会Senior Officials Meeting (SOM)高级商务师Certified Business Executive高举邓小平理论的伟大旗帜hold high the greater banner of Deng xiaoping Theory高科技板块high-tech sector高新技术产业开发区high and new technology industrial development zone根本政治制度fundamental political system个人收入应税申报制度the system of the declaration of individual incomes for tax payment个人所得税individual income tax个体户self-employed households /people个体工商业者individual industrialists and businessman跟踪审计follow-up auditing工程公司engineering company工商局industrial and commercial bureau工薪阶层salariat; state employee; salaried person工业控制一体化integrated industrial control; industrial control of integration 工业园区industrial park公费医疗medical services at state expense公告板服务Bulletin Board Service (BBS)公检法public security organs, procuratorial organs and people's courts公积金public accumulation funds, public reserve funds公开喊价市场open outcry markets公款吃喝recreational activities using public funds公司分立与解散separation and dissolution of a company公务员public servants; civil servants; government functionaries; government employees公益林public welfare forest公正、公平、公开just, fair and open公证财产notarize the properties共产党领导下的多党合作与政治协商multi-party cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of Communist Party狗仔队dog packs; paparazzo (singular), paparazzi(plural) (It refers to those journalists who are hunting the news of celebrities.)购买力purchasing power骨干企业key enterprise股本金equity capital股份合作制the joint stock cooperative system股份制the joint stock system股票热降温了the stock craze has abated股市指数the stock market (exchange) index股市指数突破1300点大关the stock index broke the 1300-poit mark股指暴跌，跌幅7.8%，以14.3元探底the index slumped 7.8 percent to 14.3 Yuan鼓励兼并，规范破产encourage mergers and standardize bankruptcy procedures挂职1) take a temporary post (in order to temper oneself)2) serve in a lower level unit for a period while retaining one's position in the previous unit关税壁垒customs barrier; tariff wall光谷optical valley光机电一体化optical, mechanical and electronic integration光盘杂志CD-ROM magazine光通讯photo-communication; optical communication广告电话直销direct response advertising广域网wide area network (WAN)国家公务员制度the system of public services国家经济体制改革委员会the State Commission for Restructuring the Economic Systems国家普通话水平考试National Proficiency Test of Putonghua国家一级保护first-grade State protection国家质量技术监督局the State Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision 国家指定考试government-mandated test国库券treasury bonds国民党Kuomintang国民经济支柱产业pillar industries in national economy国内生产总值/国民生产总值GDP (Gross Domestic Product)/ GNP (Gross National Product)国债专项资金special fund for treasury bond过度开垦excess reclamationH函授大学correspondence university合理引导消费guide rational consumption合议庭collegiate bench核销cancel after verification黑店gangster inn中国特色词汇库（二）分类:英语学习黑客hacker黑社会Mafia-style organizations; gangland恒生指数（香港）宽幅震荡the Heng Sheng index fluctuated violently宏观调控macro-control红包（中）red paper containing money as a gift, (贬) bribe, kickback红帽子企业red cap enterprise (refers to the reputation a private enterprise enjoys by becoming attached to a government department and doing business in the name of a state-run or collective-run enterprise)环太平洋地区Pacific Rim胡子工程long-drawn-out project (a project which takes so long that young workers become bearded)互动广告interactive advertisement户口簿residence booklet户口管理制度domicile system, residence registration system户主head of a household"黄、赌、毒" pornography, gambling and drug abuse and trafficking黄金时段prime time(吃)"皇粮" public grain funds, goods, etc provided by the government; salary paid by the state灰色收入income from moonlighting婚外恋extramarital love活到老，学到老One is never too old to learn.火炬计划Torch Program (a plan to develop new and high technology)货币化monetization货币回笼withdrawal of currency from circulation货到付款cash on deliveryJ机场建设费airport construction fee机构臃肿overstaffing in organizations (government)基本路线要管一百年The basic line must be followed unswervingly for a very long time to come.基本国情fundamental realities of the country基层民主democracy at the grassroots level基层组织organizations at the grass-roots level基础设施工程第一期the first phase of the infrastructure project基因工程genetic engineering积压产品overstocked commodities (inventories)积极培育新的经济增长点actively cultivate new points of economic growth 绩优股blue chip集中精力把经济建设搞上去go all out for economic development计划单列市city specifically designated in the state plan计划生育责任制responsibility system of family planning技术产权交易所technology equity market; technology property right exchange技术/劳动/资本/知识密集型产业technology-intensive/labor-intensive/capital-intensive/knowledge-intensive industries技术更新/改造technological updating /renovation技术下乡spread technological knowledge to farmers加班work extra shifts加快经济结构调整accelerate economic restructuring加密encrypt加权平均值weighted average加强物质文明和精神文明的建设foster both material progress and cultural and ethical (cultural and ideological) progress加强优生、优育improve prenatal and postnatal care加强舆论监督ensure that the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion加速科技成果商品化、产业化进程accelerate the commercialization and industrialization of scientific and technological achievements家庭联产承包责任制the household contract responsibility system家族企业family firm假唱lip-synch假动作deception, feint假日经济holiday economy坚持统一，反对分裂，增加了解，化解歧见persist in reunification, oppose separation, increase understanding and iron out differences监督部门watchdog尖端产品highly sophisticated products艰苦创业的精神the hardworking and enterprising spirit剪彩cut the ribbon剪刀差the scissors gap between the prices of ... and ...减负alleviate burdens on sb.减轻农民负担lighten the burden on the peasants (farmers)减员增效downsizing for efficiency; cut payroll to improve efficiency建设性战略伙伴关系 a constructive strategic partnership讲诚信，反欺诈：honor credibility and oppose cheating教育部社政司Social Science Research and Ideological Work Department of the Ministry of Education街道企业neighborhood enterprise解放生产力emancipate the productive forces解放思想、实事求是的思想路线ideological line of emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts解困基金anti-poverty funds解决他们的温饱问题provide them with adequate food and clothing金融电子化computerize financial services金税工程Golden Tax Project紧密型企业集团tightly-knit groups of enterprises近海渔业offshore fishery进出口商会chamber of import and export trade进口渗透import penetration进修班class for further studies禁渔期closed fishing seasons禁止在任何地方、任何环境进行一切方式的释放核能的核武器试验保爆炸prohibit any nuclear weapon test explosion which releases nuclear energy at any place and in any environment经常项目顺差favorable balance of current account, surplus of current account 经常性贷款commercial lending经常性支出running expenses经济发展全球化的趋势the globalization trend in economic development经济法制化to manage economic affairs according to law; to put economic operation on a legal basis经济技术开发区an economic and technological development zone经济林cash tree经济全球化economic globalization; economic integration经济市场化/私有化the mercerization/privatization of the economy经济失调指数misery index经济体制改革economic restructuring经济头脑commercially minded people; people with business sense经济萎缩/起飞/兴旺an economic depression (slump, recession)/an economic takeoff/an economic boom经济转轨switch to a market economy经营管理高度科学化的现代化大企业modern big enterprise with highly scientific management system精简各级政府机构streamline government departments at all levels精简机构streamline government organs精品competitive products京剧票友Peking Opera fan京剧人物脸谱types of facial make-up in Beijing opera景泰蓝cloisonné九届二次全国人民代表大会the second session of the 9th National People's Congress九届全国人大五次会议the Fifth Session of the Ninth NPC九五攻关State Key Task 95就业前和在职培训pre-employment and on-the-job (in-service) training纠正行业不正之风rectify malpractice in various trades居委会neighborhood committee; residents' committee局域网local area network (LAN)举报电话informants' hot-line telephone拒载refuse to take passengers君子之交淡如水the friendship between gentlemen is as pure as crystal; a hedge between keeps friendship greenK卡丁车kart开放式基金open-ended fund开工不足enterprises running under their production capacity开工典礼commencement ceremony开后门under-the-counter deals; offer advantages to one's friends or relatives by underhand means开题报告opening speech; opening report开小灶give special favor开夜车burn the midnight oil; work over night坎儿井karez抗美援朝战争War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea抗震棚quake-proof shelter考研take part in the entrance exams for postgraduate schools考研热the craze for graduate school科技成果转化为生产力transfer of scientific and technological achievements 科技含量technology content科技是第一生产力Science and technology constitute a primary productive force.科教兴国rely on science and education to rejuvenate the nation科研攻关scientific research and tackle the key research project可持续发展sustainable development刻录机CD writer; disc-carving machine扣除通货膨胀因素后的人均实际年收入the annual per-captia income in real terms (allowing for inflation )跨国公司transnational corporation (transactional, multinational corporation ,multinational)跨世纪工程 a trans-century project跨越式发展great-leap-forward development快讯news flash; flash宽带接入broadband access宽带网broadband networks宽限期grace period亏损企业enterprises running in the red/under deficit困难职工the needy扩大/缩小地区发展差距widen/narrow the gap/disparity betweenregions/localities in terms of development扩大内需，刺激消费expand domestic demand and consumptionL垃圾债券junk bond拉动经济增长fuel economic growth来料加工process materials supplied by clients; accept customers' materials for processing劳动合同制labor contract system劳务输出export of labor services劳务招聘会 a labor fair; a job fair老字号an old and famous shop or enterprise, old name in business离退休人员基本养老金basic pensions for retirees"篱笆墙" barriers/ blockage to inter-regional trading礼尚往来Courtesy calls for reciprocity.理货公司tally company礼仪小姐ritual girl利改税substitution of tax payment for profit delivery利好因素wrinkle立体农业three-dimensional agriculture连续五年丰收bumper harvests for five consecutive years (for five years in a row, for five years running, for five years on end, for the fifth consecutive year) 廉政建设construction of a clean and honest administration廉政、勤政、务实、高效政府an honest, diligent, pragmatic and efficient government廉洁奉公，以正治国(of an official) clean and devoted, and govern the state with hisown example of uprightness联产承包责任制system of contracted responsibility linking remuneration to output; contract system with remuneration linked to output联合兼并conglomeration and merger of enterprises联想集团Legend Group练摊to be a vendor中国特色词汇库（三）分类:英语学习良性循环virtuous circle粮食收购部门(government's) grain procurement (purchasing) agencies粮油关系：grain and oil rationing registration两岸直航促进会Association for Promotion of Cross-Straits Direct Transportation两弹一艇A-bomb, H-bomb and nuclear-powered submarine"两个对等的政治实体" two equal political entities两个文明一起抓place equal emphasis on material and ethical progress两手抓两手都要硬We must address ourselves to the problem of both material and spiritual civilization(both material as well as culture and ideological progress) without any letup."两思"（致富思源，富而思进）to think of the source of getting rich and of making progress after becoming affluence老少边穷地区former revolutionary base areas, areas inhabited by minority nationalities, remote and border areas and poverty-stricken areas劣等品shoddy goods; substandard goods; lemon (口语)零配件spare and accessory parts留职停薪retain the job but suspend the salary留学咨询：consulting on the study abroad流动人口transient population流动图书馆travelling library; bookmobile(行业中的)龙头老大leading enterprise; flagship of the industry乱集资、乱摊派、乱收费unwarranted pooling of funds, arbitrary requisition of donations and exaction of fees from enterprises乱收费、乱摊派、乱罚款arbitrary charges, fund-raising quotas and fines裸机：bare mobile phone绿地覆盖率forest coverage rate绿化afforestation绿色急救通道emergency green path绿色食品green foodM马路菜场入室工程the project to build indoor free market to accommodate street vegetable vendors马太效应the Matthew effect (A phenomenon in specific circles whereby one's accomplishments and reputation tend to snowball, and those with meager accomplishments have greater difficulty achieving accomplishments. )盲流和倒流人员transient from the countryside冒充包装（销售）[指将劣质商品包装成外观像名优产品出售的做法] copycat packaging买一送一two-for-one offer, buy one get one free门前三包be responsible for general sanitation, green covering and keeping good social order in a designated area outside the unit building蒙古包(Mongolian) yurt蒙古大夫quack民办教师citizen-managed teachers (teachers in rural citizen-managed or state-managed schools who do not receive the normal remuneration from the government)民工潮farmers' frenzied hunt for work in cities民进党Democratic Progressive Party民主党派、工商联与无党派人士non-Communist parties, federations of industry and commerce, personages without party affiliation民族凝聚力national cohesion民族委员会ethnic affairs commission民族文化大省 a province with rich ethnic culture名牌产品famous-brand products ,brand named product明明白白消费（2000年保护消费者权益工作主题）transparent consumption母公司/子公司/分公司/办事处the parent company/subsidiary/branch/representative office目标管理management by objectivesNNASDAQ National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations纳米nanometer南水北调South-to-North water diversion南水北调工程the project of diverting water from the south to the north耐用消费品durable consumer items (goods)内环路inner ring road内联企业enterprises with internal connections能官能民be ready to both serve as an official and be one of the common people能进能出，能上能下competent to work both at the top and at the grass roots 能进能出，能上能下,方谓好汉He who knows how to fight and how to retreat deserves to be called a brave man.能上网的手机WAP phone内耗in-fighting年度国家预算annual State budget年同比year-on-year; on an annual basis农村/城市信用合作社rural/urban credit cooperatives农村剩余劳动力surplus rural labour (labourers)农副业产品agricultural (farm) and sideline products牛市/熊市 a bull/bear marketP派出所local police station泡沫经济bubble economy培养跨世纪人才bring up (foster) cross-century (trans-century) specialists配股allotment of shares配套政策supporting policies棚户shacks; family that live in shacks碰钉子get snubbed碰头会brief meeting ( A brief, small-scale, informal meeting with no fixed agenda, the main purpose of which is to exchange information.)疲软股票soft stock皮包公司bogus company票贩子scalper, ticket tout票房box office骗汇、逃汇、套汇obtain foreign currency by false pretenses, not turn over foreign currency owed to the government and illegal arbitrage贫富悬殊polarization of rich and poor平均主义equalitarianism瓶颈制约bottleneck restrictions普选制general election systemQ期房forward delivery housing企业孵化器enterprise incubator企业文化corporate culture敲竹杠fleece, overcharge, make somebody pay through the nose; put the lug on; rob by a trick切入点point of penetration; breakthrough point轻轨火车light rail train情感消费emotional consumption区位商业location-based commerce取消“大锅饭” give up the practice of "eating from the same big pot”; abolish egalitarianism取消福利分房abolish the welfare-oriented distribution (allocation) of public housing全国人大代表deputy to the National People's Congress全国人民代表大会（简称全国人大）National People's Congress (NPC) 全国人民代表大会主席团the NPC Presidium全国人民代表大会常务委员会the NPC Standing Committee全国人民代表大会常务委员会办公厅the general offices of the NPC Standing Committee全面投产开工go into (enter ) full operation; be full operation; be fully operational全民健身计划纲要outline of the nationwide body-building plan全球定位系统global positioning system (GPS)全球通global system for mobile communications全体会议plenary meeting全天候飞机all-weather aircraft全优工程all-round excellent project拳头产品competitive products; knock-out products; blockbuster裙带风nepotism; petticoat influence裙带关系networking through petticoat influence群言堂allow everybody to air his view; let everyone have his say; speak one's mind freely权贵资本主义(又译裙带资本主义或亲朋好友资本主义) crony capitalismR燃油附加税bunker surcharge热岛效应tropical island effect。
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政治用语英语表达
马列主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、“三个代
表”重要思想
Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought,
Deng Xiao-ping Theory, Jiang Zemin “Three
Represent's” important Thought
综合国力
aggregate national strength
经济体制改革和政治体制改革reforms in the
economic and political structure
社会变革social transformation
独立自主的和平外交政策an independent
foreign policy of peace
建设有中国特色的社会主义事业
the cause of building socialism with Chinese
characteristics
中华民族的伟大复兴
the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation
科学技术是第一生产力science and technology are
the primary productive force
党在社会主义初级阶段的基本理论、基本路线、
基本纲领
the basic theory, line and program of our Party
in the primary stage of socialism
社会主义物质文明和精神文明material and
spiritual civilizations of socialism
改革开放政策the policies of reform and
opening to the outside
人民民主专政the people's democratic
dictatorship
国民经济体系national economic system
有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律的公民
citizens with lofty ideals, moral integrity, better
education and good sense of discipline
倡导爱国主义、集体主义、社会主义思想，反
对和抵制拜金主义、享乐主义、极端个人主义等腐
朽思想advocate patriotism, collectivism and
socialism, combat and resist money worship,
hedonism, ultra-egoism decadent ideas
生产力、生产关系、经济基础、上层建筑
productive force, relation of production,
economic base, superstructure constitute
科教兴国战略the strategy of invigorating
the country through science and education
依法治国和以德治国 the rule of law and the
rule of virtue
先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐be concern
about the country and the people before anything
else
全心全意为人民服务、立党为公、执政为民
serve the people heart and soul, work for the public
and assumes power for the people
解放思想、实事求是emancipating the
mind, seeking truth from the facts
社会主义初级阶段the primary stage of
socialism
小康社会、小康生活well-to-do society,
well-to-do life
四项基本原则Four Cardinal Principles