【解析】北京市大兴区2019届高三上学期期末考试英语试题
2019-2020学年北京市第十九中学高三英语上学期期末考试试卷及答案
2019-2020学年北京市第十九中学高三英语上学期期末考试试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIt’s the time of year when we start hiking. As you pack, remember to bring your smartphone. Whether you’re going on a short walk or a long trip, there are a handful of apps that can help.MapMyHikeThis app tracks where you're hiking so you have a mapof your route at the end of the hike. It can also track other fitness information like the distance traveled, speed, pace, and even calories burned. You can save the data for your hike, so you can always access the route you look as well as track improvements to your workout. GaiaGPSYou don't always have cellphone service when hiking, but you always want to know where you are. The GaiaGPS app provides that information. Download maps of different parts of the world, and access the GaiaGPS app in the middle of even the most remote trails. The GPS function makes using the maps simple, and the app will also point to areas of interest.Backpacking ChecklistOne of the worst things is being way out on a trail only to discover you left behind something important. That's why checklists are the best. This checklist app helps you build a customized(定制的) list of things to take with you. Organize different lists based on trail lengths or requirements. Track all your essential items by weight and where you can find them.WildObsUsing WildObs, you can record your observations of plants and animals and add them to the database. You can ask the community to help you identify something and keep track of everything you've met, and most importantly, you can become a citizen scientist. By recording what you've seen with this app, you're helping scientists keep track of what's happening to the natural world.1. What can you do with MapMyHike?A. Record your walking speed.B. Design a suitable hiking route.C. Locate popular tourist attractions.D. Store the data of your daily activities.2. What is WildObs intended to do?A. To provide survival skills.B. To lead the way.C. To identify wildlife.D. To help make preparations.3. Which app is most useful before hiking?A. GaiaGPS.B. MapMyHike.C. WildObs.D. Backpacking Checklist.BThe Chinese philosopher (哲学家) Confucius once said, “Time flows away like the water in the river.” This is especially true as the novel coronavirus pneumonia outbreak has affected millions of people in China, andthe whole nation has been working day and night to fight the epidemic.In late January, when an increasing number of people in Wuhan were suspected to be infected, and hospitals didn't have adequate beds for them, two special hospitals—Lei shenshan Hospital and Huo shenshan Hospital were built. These two makeshift (临时的) hospitals were built to treat pneumonia patients infected with the novel coronavirus.HuoshenshanHospitalhas 1,000 beds and covers 33,900 square meters, andLeishenshanHospitalhas 1,500 beds and a total area of about 79,000 square meters. More than 4,000 workers worked 24/7 in two shifts, and nearly 1,000 large-scale pieces of equipment and transport vehicles helped the project on site. The two hospitals were built in an amazingly short time. It only took 10 days for people to build Huo shenshan, and 14 days for Lei shenshan.This certainly wowed many people overseas. “It's incredible that two hospitals with 2,500 beds can be built in a short period. It's just hard to believe,” a foreigner named Stuart told People's Daily. In the meantime, Chinese companies have also taken actions quickly in this battle.“The automobile industry is highly industrialized with strong capabilities in comprehensive manufacturing, purchasing materials, production lines and output of technologies,” Shi Jianhua, deputy secretary-general of China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, told CCTV News. “In this special time, when the nation needs more masks, it's time for us to quickly respond and shoulder the social responsibilities.”Indeed, a fast response is crucial in any crisis. In this special time,Chinacan't afford to waste a second in the fight against the epidemic. After all, time equals life during this crisis.4. Confucius' saying “Time flows away like the water in the river.” is mentioned to ______.A. arouse readers' interest in the passage.B. introduce the subject of the passage.C. present the background information.D. stress the value of time in epidemic.5. What can we learn about Lei shenshan hospital and Huo shenshan hospital?A. They are new hospitals for health care inWuhan.B. They were built in minimal time.C. Over 4,000 workers worked continuously.D. Stuart found them too massive to believe.6. We can infer from Shi Jianhua's words that the automobile industry inChina______.A. had no medical supplies factories before.B. guarantees whoever in need enough masks.C. has capabilities to give timely response.D. has strong abilities in manufacturing.7. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. China fights epidemic against the clock.B. Twospecial hospitals were constructed.C. Chinese firms acted quickly and effectively.D. Time is crucial for people in overcoming crisis.CBrain cells work to actively forget memories during a specific period of sleep. When we sleep our brains clear out the memories we’ve made while we’re awake, deciding what to keep and what to get rid of. Forgetting is an active process, explained the authors of the study published in the journal Science. But less is known about this process during the different periods of sleep.They found that during the rapid eye movement (REM ) sleep period — or active sleep when we are thought to dream — special nerve cells appear to actively contribute to forgetting. What are known as melanin-concentrating hormone-producing (MCH) neurons (神经元) sit in the hypothalamus (下丘脑): a part of the brain which helps with a range of functions such as sleep, appetite and emotions. Past research has suggested these cells help to control REM sleep patterns: activating the MCH neurons increasing time spentin this period, while preventingthemreducing changes into this period.The scientists looked at MCH cells in mice, and found 52.8 percent were active during REM sleep, compared with 35 percent when the mice were awake. Study co-author Thomas Kilduff, director of the Center for Neuroscience at SRI International, told Newsweek the team was surprised to find that mice performed better on learning and memory tasks when the MCH cells were prevented. “This result suggests that activation of the MCHneurons may affect memory — that is, MCH neurons may facilitate forgetting,” Kilduff explained.When asked what motivated the study, Kilduff said, “We hope the work could deepen our understanding of Alzheimer’s disease. Understanding the neural basis of learning and memory is a huge area of neuroscience research because of its effects on our everyday lives, as well as diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease. Prior to this work, no one suspected that MCH neurons had anything to do with forgetting,” said Kilduff.8. What can we infer from paragraph 1?A. Forgetting is a passive process.B. The forgetting process is known to us.C. Some memories are forgotten while we are awake.D. Certain memories are removed while we are asleep.9. What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. REM sleep patterns.B. Past researches.C. MCH neurons.D. A range of functions.10. Why did Kilduff’s team conduct the research?A. To publish the study in the journal Science.B. To know more about Alzheimer’s disease.C. To contribute to human’s forgetting.D. To explore our everyday lives.11. What can we know about MCH?A. MCH cells takes control of REM sleep patterns .B. MCH neurons may disturb memory consolidation.C. MCH neurons have nothing to do with forgetting.D. MCH cells help mice performing better on learning.DAlex Wong, a junior atMarkKeppelHigh SchoolinAlhambra,California, is working hard on his application to a top college. His resume shows off his nearly straight A’s in difficult classes, experience at a summer program atStanfordUniversity, Eagle Scout project and time on the soccer team as well as the school choir. But his steady progress stopped unexpectedly this year. Aiming to open access to college-level Advanced Placement (大学预科)courses, his schoolbegan using a computer-based lottery to give out spaces. Alex got shut out of all three of the courses he requested.The new system caused anger among families whose children failed to get into AP courses, which many consider important to develop advanced skills, improve grade-point averages and allow students to earn college credit, saving them and their families tuition dollars. Students and parents wrote to administrators to complain, circulated a petition (请愿) and launched a Facebook group for trading classes. “I’M DESPERATE! I’LL GIVE YOU FREE FOOD,” one student, Kirk Hum, posted on the 210-member AP Flea Market Facebook group.AP classes have long been held dear by the most talented and ambitious students.But now they are seen as positive for all students who are willing to push themselves – and schools are increasingly viewing access to them as a basic educational right. But this change has brought challenges.Miracle Vitangcol, a junior atDowntownMagnetsHigh Schoolwith average grades and test scores, is failing her AP US history class. She said she can’t handle the rapid pace and volume of material she needs to remember. But she said she intends to stick it out because the class is teaching her to manage her time, take good notes and work hard. “I’m struggling to adjust,” she said. “But I keep telling myself: ‘It’s OK. You can do it. Just push yourself’.”Some critics worry that the open-access movement is pushing too many unprepared students into AP classes, as shown by higher exam failure rates over the last decade. They also fear that open enrollment (录取) policies are encouraging teachers to weaken courses and give out high grades to students who don’t deserve them. “While expanding access is generally a good thing, we need to make sure we’re not watering down the experience for the high achievers,” said Michael Petrilli, executive vice president of the Thomas B. Fordham Institute, a Washington-based educational policy organization.12. The purpose of the new AP courses system at Alex Wong’s school is to ______.A. make sure all students get access to the AP courses they desire.B. ensure that students have a fair chance to get access to AP courses.C. improve the academic performance of students in AP courses.D. separate high achievers from average students through the new courses.13. According to the article, the AP Flea Market Facebook group is a place where ______.A. students’ parents send their complaints to school administrators.B. students share tips about saving money for college.C. students offer items to trade for the AP courses they need.D. students can find support and guidance on their AP study.14. Which of the following statements would Michael Petrilli agree with?A. Opening AP courses to all students is a bad idea.B. School administrators should maintain high academic standards for AP courses.C. High schools should stop charging students for taking AP courses.D. Access to AP courses is necessary for students applying for top American colleges.15. The author used Miracle Vitangcol’s example to show that ______.A. students need to remember too much in their AP courses.B.AP courses pose a big challenge to unprepared students.C. the secret to success in AP courses is to keep pushing yourself.D. average students don’t deserve their places in AP courses.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年北京十一中学高三英语上学期期末考试试题及答案
2019-2020学年北京十一中学高三英语上学期期末考试试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AOver the years, I’ve been guilty of hastily shutting the front door to many strangers when they came knocking with the intention of selling things. But earlier this year, around Easter time, a dear friend of mine had an experience that changed my mind and perception towards these “intruders”.Linda, who recently moved to a new neighbour hood, had been housebound all week suffering from a severe case of flu when, early one morning, there was the terrible knock on her front door. Peering out the window, she saw two young ladies demurely (端庄地) holding leaflets and a TV set model. She knew of a large TV set establishment nearby and assumed a message was about to be gently delivered. “This is the last thing I need today,” she muttered to herself and hesitantly opened the door.Coughing, she poked her head out and impatiently informed them she wasn’t the slightest bit interested in any TV whatsoever. Furthermore, she added, she was feeling quite unwell and abruptly shut the door. The ladies politely turned and left in silence.A few hours later, another knock. Linda glanced out the window and to her surprise, there were the same two ladies, back again. Really annoyed this time, she opened the door ready togive them a piece of her mind. Before she could speak, with concerned looks on their faces, these women handed Linda what looked to be a dish, saying, “We’re so sorry we disturbed you earlier. We thought you may like this homemade chicken soup. Hopefully it might make you feel a little better.”Linda was taken aback by this lovely gesture. Being new to the area, she didn’t know many neighbours or people who could assist her with shopping or errands (跑腿) so the gesture was all the more appreciated. She could only smile sheepishly and sincerely thanked them. With that, the ladies left.After she related this story to me, I thought about how touching this deed really was. Especially in today’s world where sadly, kindness and thoughtfulness seem so rare. I also realized that thinking about others and showing kindness is the real essence of love.1. What does the expression “give them a piece of her mind”in Paragraph 4 mean?A. Scold them severely.B. Drive them away.C. Refuse them directly.D. Speak out her idea.2. What can be learned about Linda from the passage?A. Linda always hastily shut the front door to many people.B. Linda was not a little interested in any TV whatsoever.C. Linda was very grateful to the ladies for their chicken soup.D. Linda would buy their TV set in reward for the ladies’ chicken soup.3. What’s the best title for the passage?A. A Chicken SoupB. Soup for the soulC. The Real Essence of LoveD. A Friend’s experienceBDogs are often called as “man's best friend”, MacKenzie, a four-pound Chihuahua（吉娃娃）, was named winner of the 2020 American Hero Dog Competition on October 19, 2020.In its tenth year in 2020 the annual contest is the brainchild of American Humane, the country's first national charitable organization founded for the safety and well-being of animals. Often called the “Oscars for dogs”, the award recognizes dogs who make extremely great contributions to society.The competition of 2020 attracted over 400 entries（参赛者）from across the country. These heroic dogs have gone above the call of duty, saving lives, comforting the ill and aged and reminding us of the powerful, age-old ties between animals and people. While all were impressive, it was tiny MacKenzie who wonthe judges' hearts.MacKenzie's growth was not easy. Born with a mouth disability, she had to be fed through a tube（管子）for the first year of her life. Despite her own struggles, she always seemed to think more of other animals in need. “Never have I seen such a will to live. Though sick, she carefully looked after the baby animals at the rescue（救助）center,” said her caretaker.A life-saving operation performed in 2014 gave MacKenzie the ability to eat independently. The seven-year-old chihuahua is now working for the Mia Foundation, an organization that rescues and nurses animals with inborn disabilities. The chihuahua does an excellent job and has raised various animals. She plays nurse, cleans, comforts and hugs them, acting as their mother and teaching them how to socialize, play and have good manners.In addition to her role as an animal caretaker, MacKenzie also visits schools to educate kids about the importance of accepting physical differences in both animals and people. Her heartwarming and inspiring story makes MacKenzie a worthy receiver ofAmerica's top dog honor.4. What can we infer about the American Hero Dog Competition?A. It was first held in 2010B. It was held to honor caretakers of dogs.C. It takes place every ten years.D. It was started by a charitable organization.5. With what quality did MacKenzie win the award?A. Talent and braveryB. Friendliness and care.C. Courage and selflessness.D. Confidence and independence.6. In which aspect can students benefit from MacKenzie's visits?A. Learning from failures.B. Understanding the disabled.C. Valuing physical health.D. Developing practical ability.7. What's the best title for the text?A. Dogs Are Man's Best Friends.B. Treat Dogs the Way We Want to Be Treated.C. Touching Stories between MacKenzie and PeopleD. 2020 American Hero Dog: A TinyChihuahua.CAt any moment, about half the world’s population is wearing denim（牛仔布）clothes. But few realize tiny bits of denim have been adding up to a surprising amount of pollution in water, as a new study shows.Sam Athey, one of the study’s authors, says, “Even though denim is made of a natural material—cotton, it contains chemicals.” Cotton fibers were treated with many types of chemicals, she notes. Some improve its durability and feel. Others give denim its distinctive blue color1 .Athey and her team washed jeans and found that about 50,000 microfibers came off from each pair per wash. Not all of those fibers make their way into the environment. Wastewater treatment plants catch about 83 to 99 percent ofthem. Catching 99 percent may sound pretty good. But one percent of 50,000 is still 500 fibers per wash. And since every pair of jeans is washed again and again, it still adds up to lots of microfibers entering the water environment.Denim microfibers showed up in sediment（沉淀物）from the Great Lakes. More of these fibers polluted a series of shallow lakesin southern Ontario. They even turned up in sediment from the Arctic Ocean in northern Canada. The team found denim accounted for 12 to 23 percent of microfibers in the sediment. There were other microfibers too. But the team focused on denim because so many people wear jeans.“Everyone wears jeans so they could be our largest input of microfibers into our streams and soils,” Athey says. “An easy way to limit that is by washing our jeans less often.” Athey grew up thinking she should wash her jeans after wearing them every couple of times, but most jean companies recommend washing them no more than once a month. “The solution is not that you shouldn’t wear jeans,” she says. “We need to buy fewer denimclothes and only wash them when they truly need it.”8. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Chemicals are contained in natural cotton.B. Chemicals can make denim color1 ful.C. Chemicals prevent fibers from falling.D. Chemicals can make the life of denim longer.9. What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. Denim.B. Sediment.C. Microfibers.D. Chemicals.10. What does the author mainly want to tell us through Athey’s words ?A. To avoid wearing jeans.B. To reduce denim consumption.C. To wash jeans more often.D. To limit input in denim production.11. In which section of a magazine might the text be found?A. Science.B. Entertainment.C. Tourism.D. Geography.DJoy Mangano is now an American inventor. She was divorced and had three kids under age 7 when she was 33, and was barely keeping up payments on her small two-bedroom home by working extra hours as a waitress. “There were times when I would lie in bed and think. I didn't know how I was going to pay that bill,” Mangano says.But she had a special ability for seeing the obvious thing. She knew how hard it was to mop the floor. “I was tired, of bending down, putting my hands in dirty water, wringing (拧) out a mop,” Mangano says. “So, There's gotta be a better way.”How about a “self-wringing” mop? She designed a special tool you could twist in two directions at once, and still keep your hands clean and dry. She set out to sell it, first a few at flea markets.Then Mangano met with the media. But would couch potatoes (电视迷) buy a mop? The experts on shopping TV were less than certain. They gave it a try, and it failed Mangano was sure it would sell if they'd let her do the on-camera display. She said, “Get me on that stage, and I will sell this mop because it's a great item.”So QVC, a multinational corporation specializing in televised home shopping, took a chance on her. “I got onstage and the phones went crazy. We sold every mop in minutes.”Today she's president of Ingenious Designs, a multimillion-dollar company, and one of the stars of HSN, the Home Shopping Network. Talking about the household invention, Mangano says, “It is as natural for me as it is fora parent to talk about their child.”12. What is the first paragraph mainly about?A. Mangano's small home.B. Mangano's work experience.C. Mangano's unhappy marriage.D. Mangano's hard living conditions.13. Mangano sold the mop successfully with the help of ________.A. HSNB. QVCC. couch potatoesD. experts on shopping TV14. What does Mangano think of her invention?A. Normal.B. Special.C. Unsatisfactory.D. Unbelievable.15. What can we learn from the text?A. HSN is a business organization that sells goods on the Internet.B. The experts on shopping TV were confident about Mangano's mop.C. Mangano got the idea of self-wringing mop from her own experience.D Mangano once had to work seven days a week to support her family.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
北京市大兴区高三上学期期末英语试卷(
2022-2023学年北京市大兴区高三（上）期末英语试卷注意事项:1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷（选择题）一、阅读理解（本大题共14小题，共分）AIt's exciting when your bookworm teen announces his or her plans to be a writer.Rather than bombard them with fancy pens and motivational reading，direct them to a comfort zone：the Internet.These sites are great resources and landing spots for future storytellers.FigmentSpecially tailored for the teen reader/ writer，Figment is a community dedicated to reading and writing stories online.Addictively fun，users can rate stories by whether they made them laugh，blush，cry，or just say"wow."The site frequently runs contests and features work from well. -known authors and editors who sometimes drop in for Figment chats with the site's community.WattpadIt is the largest online reading platform，and allows authors to share their work with the world.Well-known writers such as Margaret Atwood and Cory Doctorow even post their work here.Teens can find and follow their favorite authors and release their own works as serial novels.Teen InkSupported by the nonprofit Young Authors Foundation，Teen Ink is the twenty-five-year veteran in the fostering-teen-writers game.The magazine，book series，and website are devoted entirely to writing，art，and photos by teens.It's also a go-to for teens interested in writing and publishing nonfiction essays and articles as well as poetry.One Teen StoryDirect kids here to introduce them to the nonprofit's monthly magazine.Each issue features one short story about the teen experience，usually from a known young adult author.Teens drawn to the short story form can also submit their work for consideration in an annual issue that features a story written by a teen for teens.NaNoWriMoNaNoWriMo is an awesome thirty-day adventure for any writer，but teens might be especially inclined to join.In November，would-be novelists over the world attempt to write a 50 ，000-word（or more）book in thirty days.1. The passage is intended for ______ .A. teachersB. teens .C. parentsD. writers .2. Which sites may provide the chance to interact with recognized writers？______A. Figment and Wattpad.B. Figment and Teen Ink.C. Teen Ink and NaNoW riMo.D. Wattpad and One Teen Story.3. What can be learned from the pasage______A. One Teen Story is a nonprofit's annual magazine.B. Figment regularly features young adult writers' works.C. NaNoWriMo offers teens a thirty-day adventure around the world.D. Teen Ink is the first choice of teens who are keen on writing poems.BMany parents dream of their children growing up and seeing the world.But Edith Lemay，a mother of four from Canada，worried her children were running out of time to do that.When her first child，Mia，was little，she noticed she would bump into things.In 2018，Mia was diagnosed with retinitis pigmentosa（色素性视网膜炎） ."What it does is that the cell in the retina dies over time and they lose their field of vision.There's a chance they will go completely blind by midlife，" said Lemay.The disease is genetic，meaning Lemay's other kids were at risk.She soon noticed two of her sons，Collin and Laurent，had the same symptoms.They were soon diagnosed，too."Of course it was devastating（令人极为震惊的）.And when you have a kid，you always have an imageof what their future is going to be like and all of a sudden，you get that news and you need to erase that and think it over.And it really is a grieving process，" Lemay said.Lemay wanted to prepare her kids for what was to come and thought about filling their visual memory.In March，Lemay，her husband，and her four kids left Canada and embarked on an epic journey，traveling the globe for a whole year-showing their kids the world，before it is too late.During their trip，Lemay is homeschooling her kids.The family also made a bucket list of fun activities they want to accomplish，so each kid can see their dreams come true.Lemay said her kids are not only making visual memories.They're also learning important life lessons，like focusing on the positive. "Sometimes they're tired and there's frustration.It's difficult.But with the travel，I want them to be resilient.""I want them to know that any situation that's hard is temporary，because through their life，they'll need lots of resilience，" she said. "They're going to adapt to a situation with their eyesight and then in a few years later，they'll lose a chunk of their eyesights and they will have to readapt and adapt again and fall and get back again." Lemay continued.Many parents want to give their kids the world and this mom did.4. What risk may the children face in the future？______A. They will bump into things.B. They will be unable to grow up.C. They may get genetic disorders.D. They may totally lose their sight.5. What can we learn from the passage？______A. Lemay tried to erase the devastating news.B. The travel was not easy but helped the kids stay positive.C. The parents filled their kids' visual memory through books.D. The children dropped out of school and were educated at home.6. Which can best describe Lemay？______A. Affectionate and tough.B. Considerate and committed.C. Patient and generous.D. Sympathetic and sensitive.CWe all know that eating later in the day isn't good for our waistlines，but why？A new study weighed in on that question by comparing people who ate the same foods-but at different times in the day."We found that eating four hours later makes a significant difference for our hunger levels，the way we burn calories after we eat，and the way we store fat ，Vujovic said，a researcher at Boston's Brigham and Women's Hospital. "Together，these changes may explain why late eating is associated with increased obesity risk reported by other studies and provide new biological insight into the underlying mechanisms."The study provides support for the concept that circadian（生理节奏）rhythm，which influences key physiologic functions such as body temperature and heart rate，affects how our bodies absorb fuel，researchers said.The study does show eating later results in" an increase in hunger，impacts hormones（荷尔蒙）and also changes gene expression，especially in terms of fat metabolism with a tendency towards less fat breakdown and more fat deposition ，said Dr.Bhanu Prakash Kolla，a professor of psychiatry and psychology at the Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and a consultant to Mayo's Center for Sleep Medicine and Division of Addiction Medicine.The study was small-only 16 overweight or obese people- -but carefully planned to eliminate other potential causes of weight gain，the authors said."While there have been other studies investigating why late eating associates with an increased risk for obesity，this may be the most well controlled，including strictly controlling the amount，composition and timing of meals，physical activity，sleep，room temperature and light exposure，" said senior author Frank Scheer，director of the Medical Chronobiology Program in the Brigham's Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders.All participants were in good health，with no history of diabetes or shift work，which can affect circadian rhythm，and had regular physical activity.Each person in the study kept to a strict healthy sleep/ wake schedule for about three weeks and were provided with prepared meals at fixed times for three days before the lab experiment began. Results showed that hunger pangs doubled for those on a night-eating regime.People who ate later in the day also reported a desire for starchy and salty foods，meat and，to a lesser extent，a desire for dairy foods and vegetables.By looking at the results of blood tests，researchers were able to see why：Levels of leptin，a hormone which tells us when we feel full，were decreased for late eaters versus early eaters.In comparison，levels of the hormone ghrelin，which our appetite，rose.7. According to the passage，the fllowing may contribute to the obesity except ______ .A. the breakdown of less fatB. the changes in gene expressionC. the increase in the levels of leptinD. the disturbance of the circadian rhythm8. In Paragraph 4，the writer intends to ______ .A. highlight the results of the studyB. illustrate the process of the studyC. present the purpose of the studyD. demonstrate the reliability of the study9. What does the underlined word " spike"in Paragraph 5 most probably mean？______A. Stimulate.B. Reduce.C. Maintain.D. Control.10. What can we learn from the passage？______A. Eating late accounts for obesity.B. Obesity can be well controlled by eating late.C. When you eat is irrelevant to how fat you are.D. Eating late may impact the expression function.DAutomation（自动化）was a hot topic.Nearly everyone agreed that people would be working less once computers and other kinds of automatic machinery became widespread.For optimists，this was a promise of liberation：At last humanity would be freed from constant toil，and we could all devote our days to more refined pursuits.But others saw a threat：Millions of people would be thrown out of work，and desperate masses would roam the streets.Looking back from 50 years hence，the controversy over automation seems a quaint and curious episode.The dispute was never resolved.，a leader（and no relation to me），wrote in 1964 ：Automation is not just a new kind of mechanization but a revolutionary force capable of overturning our social order.Whereas mechanization made workers more efficient-and thus more valuable- automation threatens to make them superfluous（过剩的）- and thus without value.The opinions I have cited here represent extreme positions，and there were also many milder views.But I think it's fair to say that most early students of automation，including both critics and enthusiasts，believed the new technology would lead us into a world where people worked much less.As for economic consequences ，worries about unemployment have certainly not gone away-not with job losses in the current recession approaching 2 million workers in our country alone.But recent job losses are commonly attributed to causes other than automation，such as competition from overseas or aroller-coaster financial system.In any case，the vision of a world where machines do all the work and people stand idly by has simply not come to pass.The spread of automation outside of the factory has altered its social and economic impact in some curious ways.In many cases，the net effect of automation is not that machines are doing work that people used to do.Instead we' ve dispensed with the people who used to be paid to run the machines，and we've learned to run them ourselves.These trends contradict almost all the expectations of early writers on automation，both optimists and pessimists.So far，automation has neither liberated us from the need to work nor deprived （剥夺），we re working more than ever.What about trades closer to my own vital interests Will science be automated？Technology already has a central role in many areas of research；for example，genome sequences could not be read by traditional lab-bench methods.Replacing the scientist will presumably be a little harder than replacing the lab technician，but when a machine exhibits enough curiosity and tenacity，I think we'll just have to welcome it as a companion in zealous research.And if the scientist is elbowed aside by an automaton，then surely the science writer can't hold out either.I'm ready for my 15-hour workweek.11. In Paragraph1，the writer mainly wants to convey that ______ .A. automation results in unemploymentB. automation does more harm than goodC. the issue of automation was still in discussionD. automation brings in much convenience in life12. ，we can infer ______ .A. automation is more valuable than what we imagineB. automation is a revolutionary force to better developmentC. the disadvantages of automation far outweigh the advantagesD. the new technology would lead people into working much less13. What's the author's attitude toward automation on jobs？______A. Doubtful.B. Supportive.C. Disapproving.D. Neutral.14. What can we conclude from this passage？______A. People needn't work so hard due to automation.B. Traditional labor force will be replaced in the near future.C. Automation should be accepted reasonably in development.D. Automation results in more job losses in the writer's country.二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共分）Not every day is going to be great.Not every day is going to be your wedding day，graduation，or birthday.We have our routines；we go to school and meet a lot of the same ually long periods of time in our lives are devoted to doing a specific set of things.The stress of life can disconnect us from our surroundings and make it easier to lose touch with our need and emotions. (1) .Essentially，casual magic is practicing the habit of seeing the beauty in small moments of mundane（单调的）life. (2) .In a study that investigated what this does to your mood，282 participants were observed on the positive effect of something they did.Researchers found that being present and focusing on positive moments gave a higher positive effect and resulted in a higher life satisfaction.(3) .Have you ever walked through a patch of forest or seen the sunshine over rooftops and noticed how vibrant the colors were Or have you ever felt a breeze on the side of your face？You just need to learn how to treasure and enjoy these moments.Now this is not to say that life shouldn't be negative and that we should just ignore all the bad things that happen in life. (4) .Such emotion may be a sign that it is time to propel change and growth.Negative things should be considered to be opportunities for learning and should not be dwelled upon.Hence，I urge you to try it. (5) .Appreciate something small：the sunlight resting on a window curtain，how green the leaves are，the happiness of laughing with a friend，the taste of an ice-cream.Not every day is going to be the best day of your life；but it can still be special.，casual magic is the road to happiness.B.To prevent this，apply the concept of casual magic.C.An adequate example to practice casual magic is nature.D.Casual magic instead allows us to listen to and examine any negative feeling.E.Put aside your screen，be present and give yourself a chance to find that special moment.F.We should learn from negative things and move on to appreciating moments of causal magic.G.It is centered around curiosity and focuses the energy on observing and reflecting on the little things.15. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. EF. FG. G16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. EF. FG. G17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. EF. FG. G18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. EF. FG. G19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. EF. FG. G三、完形填空（本大题共10小题，共分）On a Saturday afternoon，you find most kids outside playing games.Kids are made for the (20)，with their endless energy and the easy way in which they make friends.It's not (21) for Kameron，an ordinary，fun-loving 7-year-old girl who loves to draw out the world's longest hopscotch（跳格子）on the sidewalk.But in between (22)，Kameron takes time to do something special for her(23)neighbors whose children have long since left home.Kameron first started waving to them.Most of them smiled back.Then Kameron decided that some of them needed a little(24) .So she ran home，took her violin and made the rounds. "Can I play you a song？" she asked，after knocking on the door.Gustav smiled wide.His wife Vivian，who has had muscular dystrophy（肌肉萎缩）for over 20 years，stood(25)，and had difficulty moving about.It looked terribly uncomfortable.They've(26) their daily walks with afternoon drives，but even those are getting too difficult for Vivian.Gustav let Kameron in，and Vivian (27) both arms of her chair and pulled to it.On the table beside her was a photo of her with Gustav when they were young and energetic. "Want me to play your favorite song？" Kameron asked. "Of course，" Gustav answered.It was the only song Kameron knew.The small violin(28) seriously under Kameron's chin（下巴） .She played as best as she could.Vivian beather leg to keep rhythm for Kameron.Gustav held Vivian's other hand.It was not the performance that was moving，but the (29) it brought.20. A. lessons B. outdoors C. classrooms D. experiences21. A. easy B. normal C. different D. necessary22. A. games B. exams C. destinations D. conversations23. A. young B. proud C. elderly D. lovely24. A. pressure B. emotion C. ambition D. pleasure25. A. honestly B. awkwardly C. gratefully D. determinedly26. A. replaced B. linked C. replied D. combined27. A. took care of B. took charge of C. took out of D. took hold of28. A. rocked B. rested C. jumped D. wandered29. A. styles B. profits C. memories D. adventures第II卷（非选择题）四、语法填空（本大题共3小题，共分）30. Two decades (1) （pass）since newspapers launched websites，and yet here we are.Big papershave gone under，thousands of journalists have lost (2) （they）jobs，and the idea that digital news will eventually become a decent business (3) （feel）like a rumor（谣言）.The reality is this：no social network has come close to matching the success of print readership.(1)(2)(3)31. While Lobby Boy takes its name from a character in the film，the band doesn't want to beknown as anything reductive.But one of the film's ideas that everyone in your life has the incredible power to tell their own story is (1) （amaze）."In my personal life，I try to remember that even if I'm struggling or having a conflict (2) someone，no matter what the interaction is，no matter how small or large it is，this is a story (3) is unfolding in front of me，" he says.(1)(2)(3)32. After 15 years of working to raise climate urgency，I've concluded（1）______the public and world leaders underestimate how rapid，serious climate and ecological breakdown will be if humanity fails（2）______（organize）.There may only be five years （3）______（leave）before humanity expends the remaining "carbon budget" to stay under 1.5 C of（4）______（globe）heating.And there may only be five years before the Amazon rainforest and a large Antarctic ice sheet pass irreversible points.五、阅读表达（本大题共1小题，共分）33. White sand beaches of the Cocos Islands，which are known as a gorgeous tourist destination surrounded by greenish blue water，have now been filled with plastic wastes.Jenifer Lavers，a marine scientist，went to these tropical islands with her research team.Knowing that lots of beaches were polluted by plastic wastes，the team conducted a careful scientific examination on the coast，only to find the problem caused by pieces of trash humans left was worse than expected. Not all plastics are to blame.They are necessary in places like hospitals and airplanes，，other plastics，especially disposable（一次性的）plastics ，account for the growing mess on the beaches.Islands all over the world are jammed with plastics.And the Cocos Islands are no exception. Apparently，demand for disposable plastics must be reduced greatly. "Why don't we carry around bags that we can use over and over again？"asked Richard Gross，a chemist who researches innovative ways to make more sustainable plastics."Let's carry around reusable lunch boxes.We should understand how serious the situation is.Although it is important for individuals to make an effort to avoid using disposable plastics，it is also generally believed that only with international rules can such a deep-rooted，common，and worldwide scourge（灾害）be tackled.However，the U.N. ，which engages in dealing with accelerating climate change and public health crises，obviously isn't paying enough attention to calling for international action on plastic pollution.As a result，billions of plastic products will still be produced every year，many of which will end up in the ocean.It requires the greatest effort of all time to control plastic pollution in modern society.No matter how tall the hurdles（栏架）are，something has to be done.(1) What did Jennifer Lavers and her research team find？______(2) What kinds of plastics lead to the increasing wastes on the beaches？______(3) Please decide which part is false in the following statement，then underline it and explain why. ______➢Individual efforts and international rules are both required to tackle the plastic pollution，and the U.N.pays much attention to calling for international action.(4) As a student，what will you do to reduce white pollution？______六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共分）34. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国笔友Jim来邮件询问你的居家学习和生活情况。
2019-2020学年北师大大兴附中高三英语期末试卷及答案解析
2019-2020学年北师大大兴附中高三英语期末试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AExciting Adventure Options to Choose From!BIRD WALK(Any time of year)-Join us for a private bird walk through our sanctuary(保护区）。
The Bent's grasslands, trees and woods provide great habitat(栖息地）for birds moving from one place to another, such as Warblers, Vireos, Indigo Buntings, Thrushes, Orioles, and more. This walk will be made to the members in your party.Suitable for ages 5 and upProgram Fee:$150NATURE HIKE(Any time of year)-Take a private hike with Bent of the River! Your personal guide will show you notable habitats and wildlife around the center trails. Nature is exciting and always changing, so you never know what we will find along the way! This program is ideal for people who want to enjoy beautiful scenery while hiking.Suitable for ages 8 and upProgram Fee:$150POMPERAUG RIVER EXPLORATION(June and July only)-Many fascinating creatures live in and around the Pomperaug River! During this recreational(休闲的)program, an Audubon naturalist will share the human and natural history of the river and teach you how to catch fish and animals. The Bent will supply you with necessary tools, such as nets, containers, and field guides. Once the animals are caught, we will observe and identify(确定身份)them and learn how they can help show the health of the river before we put them back to the wild.Suitable for ages 8 and upProgram Fee:$150OWL PROWL(January and February only)-Enjoy a special guided adventure in search of one of the most beloved groups of birds-owls(猫头鹰）！We will be prowling for owls on awalk through the grassland and forests in hopes of seeing one of the three owl species known to live in Connecticut: the Great-horned Owl, Barred Owl, or Eastern Screech-Owl.Evening eventSuitable for ages 10 and upProgram Fee:$2251.Which of the programs is suitable for the Browns with a girl of five years old?A.BIRD WALK.B.NATURE HIKE.C.POMPERAUG RIVER EXPLORATION.D.OWL PROWL.2.What will you do with the fish you catch in POMPERAUG RIVER EXPLORATION?A.Find out their health.B.Do a scientific research.C.Cook them as food on the table.D.Set them free back to the river.3.Whom is this text written for?A.Students.B.Teachers.C.Scientists.D.Adventurers.BElonMusk is a symbol of passion, hard work and success. A person may work hard in his life, but when hard work goes along with passion and a new idea, then something is created that astonishes the world. As the founder of big companies like PayPal, SpaceX, and Tesla Motors, Elon Musk is a guide and inspiration for the youth around the world.Elon Musk was born on June 28,1971 inPretoria,South Africa. He was the eldest of three children. His father Errol Musk, a British-born South African, was an engineer. Musk spent his childhood inSouth Africaand at the age of 9, he got his first personal computer. This got Elon interested in programming and he started to learn on his own. At the age of 12, he made his first computer game, Blaster, which earned him $500 when he sold the source code to a magazine.When he was 17, he decided to leave home and had wanted to move to theUnited Statesafter graduating from a secondary school inPretoria. However, he was unable to move to theUnited States. In 1989, Elon Musk moved toCanada, where his mother’s s lived. After obtaining Canadian citizenship, Musk went toMontreal. Due to a lack of money, he found a low-paying job. At the age of 19, he enteredQueensUniversityinKingston,Ontario, studying there for two years. Finally, in 1992, his dream came true—he moved to theUnited States.As a teenager, Musk struggled with depression. But then he realized that the most important thing was presenting himself with the right questions. The day he started doing this, everything started to get easier.Musk thought that a human being had to expand the limits of his consciousness—to ask the right questions and get answers to them; thus he asked the best question of all: what will have the greatest impact on the future of humans? Musk found that these things were the Internet and space exploration.The life of Elon Musk is inspiring. He found success on the Internet, without much formal learning. By reading books and using his willpower and dedication, he reached a level of knowledge that is difficult to imagine. He did not give up until he achieved his dreams. Elon Musk truly stands out among other billionaires because of his leadership abilities, positive attitude, ability to know when to take risks, and belief in futuristic technologies.4. According to the passage, Elon Musk gained knowledge of computer by ________.A. teaching himselfB. learning from his fatherC. taking online coursesD. studying inQueensUniversity5. What made things easier for Elon Musk when he suffered from depression?A. Expanding knowledge by reading books.B. Asking himself the right questions.C. Achieving success on the Internet.D. Designing computer games.6. What can we learn from the passage?A. It’s never too late to learn.B. Youth means limitless possibilities.C. Where there’s a will, there’s a way.D. He who doesn’t advance falls backward.7. Which words can best describe Elon Musk according to the passage?A. Optimistic and generous.B. Ambitious and determined.C. Independent and helpful.D. Adventurous and realistic.CWhen Alex Linwas 11 years old, he read an alarming article in the newspaper, which said that people were burying old computers in backyards, throwing TVs into streams, and dumping (丢弃) cell phones in the garbage. This was dangerous because e-waste contains harmful chemicals that can leak into the environment, getting into crops, animals, water supplies and people.Alex was really worried and decided to make it next project for WIN-the Westerly Innovations Network. Alex and six of his friends had formed this organization to help solve community problems two years before.But what could they do about this project with e-waste? The team spent several weeks gathering information about the harmful chemicals in e-waste and their effects on humans. They learned how to dispose(处置) of e-waste properly and how it could be recycled. Then, they sent out a Survey and found only one in eight know what e-waste was, let alone how to properly dispose of it.Alex and his friends went into action. They advertised in the local newspaper and distributed notices to students, asking residents to bring their unwanted electronics to the school parking lot. The drive lasted two days, and they collected over 9, 500 kilograms of e-waste. The next step was to set up a long-term e-waste drop-offcenter for the town. After some research, they’d learned that reusing is the best way to deal with electronic devices and it is seven times more efficient than recycling. So, they began learning to retrofit (翻新) computers themselves and distributed them to students who didn’t have their own. In this way, they could help students in the area and protect the environment at the same time.For a lasting solution to e-waste, the drop-off center wasn’t enough. Lawswould have to be passed. In 2016, WIN helped push for an e-waste bill in their town, which required companies that manufactured or sold electronics to take back e-waste. The bill clearly forbids the dumping of e-waste. Because of the work of WIN, more and more people, like Alex and his team, are getting the message about safe disposal of e-waste. As Alex says, “Today’s technology should not become tomorrow’s harmful garbage.”8. What was Alex’s worry after he read the article?A. The littering of e-waste.B. The recycling of plastic.C. The change of environment.D. At 11 p.m. on Monday.9. What did Alex do to start the project?A. Set up WIN.B. Collect information.C. Ask friends for help.D. The overuse of old computer.10. Which can best describe the way Alex and his team did their work?A. Traditional.B. Competitive.C. Scientific.D. Convenient.11. What message does the story convey?A. There is no end to perfection.B. success comes through failure.C. Every positive attitude has a reward.D. young people can make a big difference.DChinese archaeologists（考古学家）announced on Saturday that some new major discoveries have been made at the Sanxingdui Ruins site in Southwest China, helping uncover another start of the Chinese civilization.Archaeologists have found six new sacrificial pits（祭祀坑）and unearthed more than 500 treasures dating back 3,000 years at the Sanxingdui Ruins in Sichuan Province. So far, archaeologists have unearthed masses of important cultural items from four of the pits, including pieces of gold masks, gold foil, bronze（青铜）masks, bronze trees and large numbers of ivories. The rest of the newly discovered pits arc still being dug up.“Surprisingly, we have unearthed some never — heard — of — before bronze items," said Lei Yu, from the Sichuan Archaeology Research Institute. 'Tor instance, some large and well-made bronze items have strange-looking dragon or cow designs on them.”In another major discovery, relics of silk products were found for the first time at Sanxingdui, which shows “the ancient Shu Kingdom was one of the important starts of silk in ancient China" according to Tang Fei, head of the digging team.The new pits sit next to two sacrificial pits discovered in 1986, with areas ranging between 3o square meters and 19 square meters. Together they form an area in which people of the ancient Shu civilization held ceremonies to offer sacrifices to heaven, earth and their forefathers, and prayed for good luck and peace.The Sanxingdui Ruins is regarded as one of the greatest archaeological finds of mankind in the 20th century. The site was accidentally discovered by a farmer in the 1920s. The ruins are located in the city ofGuanghan, about 60 kilometers fromChengduand are believed to be the relics of theShuKingdom.12. What can we learn from the text?A. Totally there are 500 treasures unearthed.B. Six new sacrificial pits are under repair.C. The unearthed treasures date from 3000 years ago.D. There are six sacrificial pits at Sanxingdui.13. What does the discovery of the relics of silk products mean?A. Chinese civilization was widely influential.B.AncientShuKingdomwas also the home of silk.C. Chinese silk has a much longer history than known.D.ShuKingdombelonged toChinasince ancient times.14. What was the main function of the sacrificial pits?A. To celebrate festivals.B. To store valuable items.C. To bury important figures.D. To hold sacrifice ceremonies.15. Who first discovered the Sanxingdui Ruins?A. A farmer.B. Lei YuC. Tang Fei.D. Archaeologists.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
北京市大兴区2021届高三英语上学期期末考试试题含解析
大兴区2021～2021度第一学期期末检测高三英语试题第一部分知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节：阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。
（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
将答案写在答题卡的相应位置。
One year ago, I was in great trouble. I worked hard at English and devoted all my spare time to practising it. But I failed to pass the mid term examination, which made me greatly disappointed. So I asked my grandpa ___1___ advice when I got home. Hearing ___2___ I told him, he said, “To some extent, examination results sometimes cannot reflect your study level. You can’t judge your progress by one examination.” He encouraged me to work hard for a long time to check my results， and I ___3___ (take) my grandpa’s advice. Now I realize that the process of ___4___( learn ) is much more important and my English is much ___5___ (good) than before. From my experience, I feel that we should listen to opinions from old people.【答案】1. for 2. what3. took4. learning5. better【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。
【40套试卷合集】北京市达标名校2019-2020学年英语高三上期末模拟试卷含答案
2019-2020学年高三上英语期末模拟试卷含答案 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题，含听力测试）与第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共150分。考试时间120分钟。第Ⅰ卷的答案涂在机读卡上，第Ⅱ卷的答案写在答题纸上。听力不计分。 第Ⅰ卷（共100分） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1．5分，满分7．5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What are the two speakers talking about? A．Taking a walk． B．Taking a bus． C．Animals in the zoo． 2．What relation is the woman to Jack? A．His roommate． B．His wife． C．His mother． 3．How does the woman get along with her work? A．Badly． B．Well． C．Just so-so． 4．What is the woman? A．A saleswoman． B．A waitress． C．An inspector． 5．Why does the man want his money back? A．He wants to use the money to buy some furniture． B．The machine doesn’t have the functions he wanted． C．The machine went wrong within a week． 第二节（共15小题；每小题1．5分，满分22．5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个 选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅 读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What is the man doing? A．Changing seats on the plane． B．Asking for a window seat． C．Trying to find his seat． 7．What is the woman’s seat number? A．6A． B．7A． C．8A． 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8．What is the woman going to do? A．Prepare lunch． B．Have a party． C．Go to a friend’s house for dinner． 9．What does the woman still need? A．A tie． B．Some flowers． C．Some candy． 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．How long has the man been in London? A．One year． B．A few years． C．A couple of months． 11．Why did the woman leave her hometown? A．To lead a city life． B．To open a restaurant． C．To find a job． 12．Where did the woman come from? A．London． B．Airside． C．Lancaster． 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13．What is a daypack? A．A box． B．A bag． C．A lock． 14．What surprises the girl at school? A．A lot of discussions in class． B．Teachers giving little homework． C．Few students asking questions in class． 15．At what time of the school term does the conversation most probably take place? A．At the end of it． B．In the middle of it． C．At the beginning of it． 16．What do we know about the girl? A．She is new to the school． B．She writes for the school newspaper． C．She seldom asks questions in class． 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．What does Mr. Henry Stone do? A．A bank clerk． B．A teacher． C．A writer． 18．What does Henry like doing at airports? A．Watching people． B．Telling stories． C．Reading magazines． 19．What did Henry learn from the newspaper that day? A．A valuable suitcase was missing． B．A man stole money from a bank． C．A woman ran away from home． 20．Why was the woman at the airport? A．She was traveling on business． B．She was seeing the man off． C．She was leaving for Greece． 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分60分） 第一节 （共15小题;每小题3分，满分45分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Canadian short story writer Alice Munro won the Nobel Prize for Literature．Eighty-two-year-old Munro is only the 13th woman to win the 112-year-old prize． Munro didn’t publish her first collection of short stories until she was 37 years old, but her stories have always been well-received．Lots of her stories share similar themes and characters, but each story has its own twists and turns． Even though she’s won Canada’s most famous literary award, the Giller Prize, twice, winning the Nobel Prize for Literature is the cherry on top of Munro’s career．“It brings this incredible recognition, both of her and her career, and of the dedication to the short story,” said one person． Along with the well-respected title comes 1．3 million dollars．Munro said everything was “so surprising and wonderful” and that she was “dazed by all the attention and affection that has been coming my way．” Munro knew she was in the running——she was named the second-most likely person to win this year’s prize, after Haruki Murakami （村上春树）of Japan——but she never thought that she would win． Munro’s win also represents the long way Canadian writers have come．“When I began writing there was a very small community of Canadian writers and little attention was paid by the world．Now Canadian writers are read, admired and respected around the globe,” Munro said on Thursday． She is technically not the first Canadian to win the Nobel Prize for Literature, but many like to think that she is．In 1976 Saul Bellow, who was born in Quebec but moved to Chicago when he was still a child, won the prize．Even though he was born in Canada, he is mostly considered to be an American writer． “This is a win for us all．Canadians, by our very nature, are not very nationalistic,” said Geoffrey Taylor．“But things like this suddenly make you want to find a flag．” She wasn’t sure if she would keep writing if she won the prize, saying that it would be “nice to go out with a bang．But this may change my mind．” 21．What is the feature of Munro’s stories? A．They have their own complicated （复杂的）contents． B．They have similar story backgrounds． C．They have specific themes for children． D．They have the same characters in each book． 22．For Munro, the Nobel Prize is an award for______． A．her love for Canadian culture B．her devotion to the short story C．her special form of writing D．her career of editing short stories 23．What is implied in the sixth paragraph? A．Canadian writers paid little attention to the prize． B．Canadian writers are just a small community． C．Canadian writers have long been ignored． D．Canadians have a long way to win the prize． 24．What does the passage mainly tell us? A．How Alice Munro wins the Nobel Prize B．An introduction to the Nobel Prize in Literature C．Alice Munro wins the Nobel Prize in Literature D．A world famous writer, Alice Munro B
2018-2019年北京市大兴区九年级(上)期末英语试卷(解析版)
2018-2019学年北京市大兴区九年级（上）期末英语试卷一、选择题（共6分，每小题0.5分）1．（.5分）My uncle is a PLA man，and________is always busy．（）A．she B．he C．it D．you2．（.5分）There will be an interesting show in Poly Theatre________8 am this Saturday．（）A．at B．in C．on D．with3．（.5分）Lily did not come to the classroom________the bell rang the second time．（）A．when B．while C．until D．as4．（.5分）﹣________did you talk with your mother on the phone？﹣For about 20 minutes．（）A．How old B．How often C．How much D．How long 5．（.5分）﹣Where can I put these books？﹣You________put them on that empty table．（）A．may B．can C．need D．must6．（.5分）Lisa is a hard﹣working student，but Shirley works even ________than she does．（）A．hard B．harder C．hardest D．more hard 7．（.5分）The sun always________from behind the high mountain．（）A．rise B．rose C．rises D．risen8．（.5分）The girl________the dog when she saw the car accident．（）A．walks B．walkedC．is walking D．was walking9．（.5分）Li Ming________the science museum with his classmates last weekend．（）A．visited B．visitsC．was visiting D．has visited10．（.5分）It________for a week since the Zhangs' came to Beijing for a visit．（）A．rains B．rainedC．has rained D．was raining11．（.5分）He________to work as a volunteer at the book show last summer．（）A．choose B．is chosen C．has chosen D．was chosen 12．（.5分）﹣Did you see________？﹣Yes，I happened to be there and saw the whole thing．（）A．how the police saved the girlB．how did the police save the girlC．how the police save the girlD．how do the police save the girl二、完形填空（共8分，每小题8分）阅读短文，根据短文内容从各题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项．13．（8分）The King and the AntsLong long ago，in a far﹣away eastern land，there lived a great king who was known as the wisest man in all the world．So wise was he that men said he could even understand the （1）of beasts and birds and insects．All the people in his country （2）him so much as well as the people from around the country．One day he was riding out from his city gates with all his high officials of his state and his army leaders （3）him．At that time，the queen of another country called Sheba，was paying him an official visit．She had heard of his great wisdom．They were riding side by side．Now，right in the path of the King's big white horse rose an ant﹣heap．The tiny insects were（4）all over it in a great hurry before the King reached it．It seemed to him that he could hear them saying u Alas! Alas! Here is the greatest and （5）king in all the world coming to trample （踩）on us，and break us down in the dust ! "When he told the Queen of Sheba what he had heard，she said，" It is only right that such small things should be broken down under the （6）of so great a man as you，O King．" The King smiled．" No，" said he，" the wise and strong should never hurt the weak．" Then he turned his horse aside and rode round the ant﹣heap．All those behind him did（7），making a wide curve （弯道）as they rode，and so the little ants were left in peace．The Queen of Sheba （8）her head．" No wonder men call you wise，" saidshe．"It is a happy land whose king thinks even of the poor and lowly and sees that no one hurts them．三、阅读理解（共36分）阅读理解（共26分，每小题6分）阅读短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项．14．（6分）Lynn Canyon ParkThis information is given for your safetyFences are set up here for your safetyDo not smoke anywhere in the park when it is dry．It may cause a fire．When you're asked to do something dangerous hereWear proper footwear（1）You can smoke in the park when it is．A．windyB．dryC．wetD．sunny（2）You'd better wear in the park．A．sandlesB．high heelsC．flip﹣flopsD．sports shoes（3）What can you do in the Lynn Canyon Park？A．Follow all safety warnings．B．Climb the fences．C．Do anything you're asked to do．D．Bring in glass bottles．15．（6分）THE BOY WHO W AS ALWAYS TOO LATE SOLOMON SLOW was the son of a gentleman，who lived on the border of the New Forest．His mother called him Solomon．"Because，" she said，"he is a wise child．" Slow and sure" is sure to do well．"Yes，" said his father，"but he is too slow，and unless he becomes a little more quick，and a little less lazy，I shall never make a man of him．"When he was about ten years old，his father and some friends planned a picnic in the Forest，and hired a large van to take them there．They were to set out at seven in the morning．Solomon knew this，as he had heard his father say so the night before．The sun was shining very brightly when he awoke at six the next morning，but he was as lazy as ever．" If I get up about ten minutes before seven，"said he，"I shall be down in plenty of time．" So he lay still in bed and heard all the party pass his door as they went downstairs．They even called to him；but he gave no answer，and only lazily rolled himself up in the clothes．At last，up he jumped，dressed，and ran down the stairs，but he found the breakfast﹣room empty，and the van gone．Snatching （抓）up his hat，he ran as fast as he could down the road；but there was a high wind，and the dust was in clouds everywhere．He screamed and shouted for the van to stop；but it's useless．No one could hear him and at last，tired with running，and half fed with dust，he walked sadly home．But even this did not cure him．He was a lazy boy，and grew up to be a lazy man；and when in business，though the bus passed his door every day he was seldom ready．Just look at him，in the picture，running up the hill，and shouting "Stop ! stop !"（1）What did the father think of Solomon？A．Wise and hardworking．B．Lazy and too slow．C．Sure to be a gentleman．D．Fast and sure．（2）What happened on the day of the picnic？A．Solomon missed the van．B．Solomon was hurt by a van．C．Solomon's father punished him for running after a van．D．Solomon was forgotten by others and walked to the party．（3）What lesson can you learn from Solomon？A．One should be sure and slow．B．To catch the van，one should get up early．C．We should not be too slow or lazy in our life．D．We should give more help and love to those who have bad habits．16．（6分）FacebookA new study has found that the number of American teenagers using Facebook isdropping．Many turn instead to YouTube，Instagram and Snapchat．The study by Pew Research Center in the U．S．，found that 51 percent of American teens between the ages of13 to 17 said they still use Facebook．This was a large drop from 2015，when 71percent ofteens in that age group reported using the social media service．The study found that YouTube is now the most popular Internet service for teens，with85 percent saying they use it at present．The second﹣most popular is Instagram，at 72percent．Facebook owns Instagram．Sixty﹣nine percent of teens said they use Snapchat，while 32 percent use Twitter．Less than 10percent reported using Tumblr or Reddit．In March，another Pew study found that 68 percent of adults said they were Facebook users．Of those，74 percent said they used the social media service daily．About half of the adults reported using Facebook several times a day．Results of the latest study were based on interviews with 743 teens and more than 1，000 parents during March and April in 2018．The study also found that 95 percent of teensreported they either owned a smartphone or had a way of using one．This marked a 22 percent increase over a similar study from 2015．When asked which services they use most often，35 percent of teens identified Snapchat．About 32 percent said they use YouTube the most，while 15 percent agreed they use I nstagram more than other services．The Pew study found that，in general，teens from different economic and racial （人种的）backgrounds liked the same services．However，the researchers did find some differences．For example，about 70 percent of teens whose families earned less than ﹩30，000 a year said they used Facebook．Among teens from families making over ﹩75，000，just 36 percent of teens reported using it．There were also some differences among males and females．The study found that about 42 percent of girls said Snapchat was the service they used most，compared to 29 percent of boys．More males﹣39 percent﹣said they used YouTube the most，compared to 25 percent of females．Pew's latest study also made certain earlier research that a huge number of teens like to spend time gaming．The company said Facebook can expect to lose up to 2 million users aged 24 and younger in 2018．The company also predicted about 1.6 million users 24 years and younger will be joining Facebook﹣owned Instagram in 2018．（1）The 2 nd paragraph is mainly about．A．where Pew comes fromB．why people like YouTube betterC．Pew's latest study about InstagramD．some results of Pew's study on Internet services（2）The word "identified" in the 3 rd paragraph probably means ""．A．said "yes" toB．said "no" toC．talked aboutD．learned about（3）What can we learn from the passage？A．Facebook is no longer loved by young people．B．Facebook will be replaced by YouTube in the end．C．Facebook together withis still leading in service．D．Facebook can expect to win up to two million users in 2018．17．（8分）The world environmental group Greenpeace reports that plastic and chemical pollution is often found in snow and seawater collected by researchers in Antarctica （南极）．Greenpeace said its scientists collected water and snow from Antarctica during a visit between January to March of this year．Lab tests proved the effect of man on the Antarctic．"It was about one microplastic piece at least per liter （升）．When you think of putting that all out to the size of the Antarctic Ocean，it's really，really worth worrying．said Greenpeace's Louisa Casson．She noted that，in the past，scientists thought the currents （洋流）around the Antarctic Ocean might protect it from plastic pollution．But now，she said，facts are showing that there might be little protection．Microplastics are smallest particles （颗粒）of plastics．They come from the breakdown of bottles and other plastic waste in the world's oceans．In addition to microplastics，the Greenpeace study also proved that there are also other chemicals as well as some harmful matter．These chemicals are widely used in industry，and have something to do with the future generations of wildlife．"That's why we need to take action on land to stop plastic from getting into the ocean，but also create huge ocean protection areas at sea to allow wildlife to recover from these pressures，" Casson said．The United Nations say that 8 million tons of plastic are dropped into the oceans every year．Plastic has been shown to harm wildlife．An example of this happened several days ago in southern Thailand．That was when a pilot whale died after eating up 80 pieces of plastic waste．Tests showed the waste weighed about eight kilograms．International care about plastic pollution is rising．In India，Prime Minister Narendra Modi recently promised to ban （禁止）all single﹣use plastic by 2022．In the city of Mumbai，Bollywood movie stars have been taking part in waste clean﹣up activities at Versova beach．Actress Abigail Pande told reporters she was surprised at the amount of waste she found．"I am having fun （cleaning this place）．But it is also very sad because once I came here，I got to know that the amount of waste is so high that if you dig the ground four feet，you will still find plastic inside．And it will take years to properly clean the beach，"Pande said．Plastic has now been found in every Corner of the world's oceans，from the bottom of the Pacific Mariana Trench （马里亚纳海沟）to Antarctica．In October，world governments will decide to create an Antarctic Ocean Protection Zone．At 1．8million square kilometers，the area would be the largest protected one on Earth．（1）What can probably be right about Antarctic？A．There is plastic rubbish on the beaches of Antarctic．B．Human activities have had bad influence on Antarctic．C．The Greenpeace scientists go to Antarctic all the year round．D．The largest Ocean Protection Zone has been set up on Antarctic．（2）The writer seems to tell us that．A．Greenpeace is doing research on plasticsB．the currents can protect the Antarctic Ocean wellC．more and more people begin to pay attention to plastic pollutionD．it will take years to properly clean up all the beaches in protected areas（3）Why was actress Abigail Pande in India surprised？A．There was so much rubbish on the beach．B．The Prime Minister promised a plastic ban in India．C．All the reporters in Mumbai asked her the same questions．D．So many Bollywood movie stars joined her at Versova beach．（4）Which of the following will be the best title for the passage？A．Lots of Effective Actions Are Taken in India to Deal with Rubbish．B．Greenpeace：Plastic，Chemical Pollution Widespread in Antarctica．C．The Death of a Pilot Whale．D．Microplastics．四、阅读表达（共10分，每小题10分）18．（10分）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题．A group of students who lived through the deadly shooting in Parkland，Florida，announced （宣称）a bus tour to support new gun laws．About 24 of the students from Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School made the announcement on Monday．The event came one day after several in the group graduated from high school．The tour is to begin on June 15 in the Midwestern city of Chicago．The students say their goal is to encourage more young people to vote （投票）so they will support reforms to U．S．gun laws．Cameron Kasky is one of the high school students involved．He noted that four million young Americans will turn 18 years old in 2018．K every single one of those people votes，encourages their friends and family to vote，we can make real change in this country，he said．Eighteen is the lowest age for voting in the United States．The student organizers wore a message on T﹣shirts made for the event．The words "Road to Change " were printed on them．Parkland students and activists Emma Gonzalez and David Hogg also attended the event．The students said the tour will cover districts where elected officials have received a lot of money from the National Rifle Association （全美步枪协会）．The tour is the most recent event in a youth movement against gun danger．The movement developed after student Nikolas Cruz killed 17 people with a gun at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in Broward County，Florida on February 14．In the months following the shooting，many students from the high school have taken part in these activities．They have gone to Florida's capital，Tallahassee，and Washington D．C．On its website，the group says it will visit 20 states on its tour．They also say they will visit every congressional （议会的）district in Florida．The group says it is paying for its tour through donations （捐款）．The related March for Our Lives movement has received money support from popular television and movie stars，such as Oprah Winfrey and George Clooney．（1）When will the bus tour begin？（2）What is the goal of the tour？（3）Who killed 17 people in Florida on February 14？（4）How will they pay for the tour？（5）What do you think of these students？五、书面表达（共10分）文段表达（10分）从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作．文中已给出内容不计入总词数．所给提示词语仅供选用．请不要写出你的校名和姓名．19．（10分）根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作．文中已给出内容不计入总词数．所给提示词语仅供选用．请不要写出你的校名和姓名．假如你是李华，现在正在一所北京的国际学校九年级读书．由于北京的冬季空气质量非常差，你想写一封倡议书张贴在学校的信息栏．倡议书的内容包含写倡议书的原因、具体的建议和希望得到的结果．提7K词语：bike，plant grass and trees，call on （号召）提TTC问题：•Why do you write the letter？•What do you suggest people do？•What is your hope？20．根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作．文中已给出内容不计入总词数．所给提示词语仅供选用．请不要写出你的校名和姓名．创新是社会发展的源泉．生活中你见过不少创新产品．英语课上老师组织了题为"你最喜爱的创新产品"的讨论，并让同学们把讨论结果形成文稿．讨论的内容有：你最喜爱的创新产品是什么；你为什么喜爱它；为了创新你会做些什么．提示词语：the high﹣speed rail，smartphone，comfortable，convenient提示问题：•What is your favorite creation （创新）？•Why do you think so？•What will you do for creation？More and more creations are coming into the world each day．2018-2019学年北京市大兴区九年级（上）期末英语试卷参考答案与试题解析一、选择题（共6分，每小题0.5分）1．【解答】从My uncle 判断是一个男的，用he代替．故选：B．2．【解答】on 指具体的某一天，in 用于年/月/年、月之前．at用于时间之前．表示在几点．根据8 am 表示具体的某个时间点，用介词at．故选：A．3．【解答】根据句意：莉莉直到第二遍铃声响了才来到教室．可知考查句型not…until…直到…才．结合选项，A．什么时候B．当…时C．直到D．作为，选项C 符合题意．故选：C．4．【解答】根据句意：﹣你和你妈妈通了多长时间电话？﹣大约20分钟．由For about 20 minutes可知问的是时间段，用how long提问．结合选项，A．多大B．多久一次C．多少价钱D．多长时间．故选：D．5．【解答】根据句意：﹣我可以把这些书放在哪里？﹣你可以把它们放在那张空桌子上．结合选项，A．可能B．可以C．需要D．必须，选项B符合题意．故选：B．6．【解答】根据句意：丽莎是一个勤奋的学生，但是雪莉甚至比她还勤奋．由than可知是比较级．hard的比较级是harder．故选：B．7．【解答】根据句意"太阳总是从高山后面升起"可知，要用一般现在时，主语是三单，谓语动词用三单形式．故选：C．8．【解答】根据句意"女孩看到车祸时正在遛狗"可知，要用过去进行时，其构成为was/ were doing．故选：D．9．【解答】根据句意"李明上周末和他的同学参观了科学博物馆"可知，要用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式．故选：A．10．【解答】根据句意"自从张先生一家来北京访问以来，已经下了一个星期的雨"可知，要用现在完成时，其构成为has/ have done．故选：C．11．【解答】主语"He"和动词"选择"是被动关系，再结合"去年夏天，他被选为书展的志愿者"和时间状语可知，要用一般过去时的被动语态，其构成为was/ were done．故选：D．12．【解答】考查宾语从句．宾语从句中，从句通常用陈述语序．BD不正确．结合语境"Did you see"可知，这里时态应该用一般过去时．故选：A．二、完形填空（共8分，每小题8分）阅读短文，根据短文内容从各题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项．13．【解答】1．C．考查名词．noises噪音；rules 规则；languages 语言；feelings感觉．根据上文"Long long ago，in a far﹣away eastern land，there lived a great king who was known as the wisest man in all the world"可知，国王是全世界最睿智的人，他甚至能懂动物、鸟类和昆虫的语言．结合下文"When he told the Queen of Sheba what he had heard"可知，他确实能听懂动物（昆虫）的语言，故选C．2．D．考查动词．feared害怕；missed 思念（失去）hated 憎恨；respected尊敬．根据上文"So wise was he that men said he could even understand the （1）of beasts and birds and insects"可知，因为他很睿智，所以国人和他人的人都很尊敬他；结合下文国王对待蚂蚁洞穴的做法，也可说明他们对他非常尊重，故选D．3．B．考查介词．before在……以前（前面）；behind 在……后面；beside在……旁边；below在……下面．根据语境可知，他骑马走出城门，身后跟随着国家的所有高官和军队领导，故选B．4．B．考查动词（现在分词）．sitting坐；running 跑；lying躺；standing站立．根据下文"Here is the greatest and （5）king in all the world coming to trample （踩）on us，and break us down in the dust"可知，蚂蚁们担心国王会踩踏它们的巢穴，所以它们围着洞穴焦躁不安地乱跑，故选B．5．D．考查形容词．richest最富的；rudest 最粗鲁的；funniest最滑稽的；wisest最明智的．根据上文"Long long ago，in a far﹣away eastern land，there lived a great king who was known as the wisest man in all the world"可知，国王是全世界最有智慧的人，故蚂蚁们说：世界上最伟大和最有智慧的国王要来踩踏我们，并把我们踏为粉末，故选D．6．A．考查名词．feet脚；fingers手指；legs大腿；hands手．根据语境可知，确实，在您这样一位伟人的脚下，这种小东西肯定会被踩破的．故选A．7．A．考查the same．the same同样（相同）；the opposite相反；something某事；nothing 没有东西根据上文"Then he turned his horse aside and rode round the ant﹣heap"可知，国王调转马头，从蚂蚁洞穴旁边走过，于是他后面的人也这样做了，故选A．8．C．考查动词．shook摇动；raised 举起；nodded 点头；lowed降低．根据下文"No wonder men call you wise"可知，女王明白了人们管国王叫智者的原因了，故知她点了点头，表示明白了，故选C．三、阅读理解（共36分）阅读理解（共26分，每小题6分）阅读短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项．14．【解答】1．C，细节理解题，根据Do not smoke anywhere in the park when it is dry．It may cause a fire干燥的环境下禁止吸烟，所以潮湿的环境是可以的，故选C．2．D，细节理解题，根据Wear proper footwear．Flip﹣flops，sandals （凉鞋）and high heels can hurt your ankles在公园时，高跟鞋、凉鞋或者人字拖都是不被允许的，故选D．3．A，细节理解题，根据To enjoy a visit here，we wish our visitors to follow all safety warnings希望游客遵守所有的安全规则，故选A．15．【解答】（1）B．细节理解题．根据"Yes，" said his father，"but he is too slow，and unless he becomes a little more quick，and a little less lazy，I shall never make a man of him．""是的，"他的父亲说，"但是他太慢了，除非他变得更快，而且不那么懒，否则我永远不会成为他的男人．故选B．（2）A．细节理解题．根据He screamed and shouted for the van to stop；but it's useless．他尖叫着喊着面包车停下来；但这没用．故选A．（3）C．主旨大意题．根据No one could hear him and at last，tired with running，and half fed with dust，he walked sadly home．But even this did not cure him．He was a lazy boy，and grew up to be a lazy man没有人能听到他，最后，厌倦了跑步，一半被灰尘吞噬，他悲伤地走回家．但即使这样也无法治愈他．他是一个懒惰的男孩，长大成为一个懒惰的人．本文主要是举出Solomon懒惰的例子，来告诉大家生活中不要太慢太懒惰，不然会错失很多东西．故选C．16．【解答】（1）D．主旨大意题．根据The study found that YouTube is now the most popular Internet service for teens，with 85 percent saying they use it at present．The second﹣most popular is Instagram，at 72 percent…该研究发现，YouTube现在是青少年最受欢迎的互联网服务，85%的人表示他们目前正在使用它．排名第二的是Instagram，占72%．可知第二段是在讲PEW对互联网服务研究额的一些结果．故选D．（2）A．词意推断题．根据When asked which services they use most often，35 percent of teens identified Snapchat．当被问及他们最常使用哪种服务时，35%的青少年identified Snapchat．可知35%的青少年选择了Snapchat．故选A．（3）A．细节推断题．根据The company said Facebook can expect to lose up to 2 million users aged 24 and younger in 2018．The company also predicted about 1.6 million users 24 years and younger will be joining Facebook﹣owned Instagram in 2018．该公司表示，Facebook可能会在2018年失去多达200万24岁及以下的用户．该公司还预测，在2018年，24岁及以下的约160万用户将加入Facebook拥有的Instagram．可知Facebook将不再受年轻人喜欢．故选A．17．【解答】1．B 细节推断题．根据"plastic and chemical pollution is often found in snow and seawater collected by researchers in Antarctica "研究人员在南极洲收集的雪和海水中经常发现塑料和化学污染，可知人类的工业活动所产生的污染对南极产生的不好的影响．故选B．2．C 细节理解题．根据" International care about plastic pollution is rising"国际社会对塑料污染的关注正在上升，可知越来越多人开始关注塑料污染．故选C．3．A 细节理解题．根据" she was surprised at the amount of waste she found"她对她发现的垃圾数量感到吃惊，可知是因为垃圾太多．故选A．4．B 主旨大意题．文章由环境保护组织在南极的发现引出塑料污染，讲了化工污染对南极造成的影响，世界各地正采取措施来减少塑料污染，B项：绿色和平组织：塑料，化学污染在南极洲广泛存在，符合题意．故选B．四、阅读表达（共10分，每小题10分）18．【解答】1．On June 15．细节理解题．根据The tour is to begin on June 15 in the Midwestern city of Chicago．这次游行将于6月15日在中西部城市芝加哥开始．可知6月15日在中西部城市芝加哥开始．故答案为On June 15．2．The goal is to encourage more young people to vote．细节理解题．根据The students say their goal is to encourage more young people to vote （投票）so they will support reforms to U．S．gun laws．学生们说，他们的目标是鼓励更多的年轻人投票，以便支持对美国枪支法的改革．可知其目的是鼓励更多的年轻人去投票．故答案为The goal is to encourage more young people to vote．3．Nikolas Cruz．细节理解题．根据The movement developed after student Nikolas Cruz killed 17 people with a gun at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in Broward County，Florida on February 14.2月14日，佛罗里达州布劳沃德县马乔里•斯通曼•道格拉斯高中的学生尼古拉斯•克鲁兹用枪杀死了17人．可知Nikolas Cruz 杀的．故答案为Nikolas Cruz．4．They will pay for the tour through donations．细节理解题．根据The group says it is paying for its tour through donations （捐款）．该组织表示，将通过捐款来支付其游行费用．可知他们将通过捐款来支付游行费用．故答案为They will pay for the tour through donations．5．They are brave and wise．细节理解题．根据整篇文章内容及其句子The event came one day after several in the group graduated from high school．The tour is to begin on June 15 in the Midwestern city of Chicago．The students say their goal is to encourage more young people to vote （投票）so they will support reforms to U．S．gun laws．一天，几名学生从高中毕业．这次参观将于6月15日在中西部城市芝加哥开始．学生们说，他们的目标是鼓励更多的年轻人投票，以便支持对美国枪支法的改革．可知他们既勇敢又聪明．故答案为They are brave and wise．五、书面表达（共10分）文段表达（10分）从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作．文中已给出内容不计入总词数．所给提示词语仅供选用．请不要写出你的校名和姓名．19．【解答】Dear teachers and fellow students，As everybody can see，the air condition in winter here is very bad，It's our time to take some action now（高分句型一）．（开篇点明主题）First，We should try to ride bikes instead of cars or taxis to go to school or go to the parks on the weekends．It can reduce some pollution．Second，we can plant grass and trees on two sides of the streets，it will make our city more greener．Third，we can call on your friends or relatives to join you to do these things together．You know，many hands make light work．（从三个方面去提出建议）If all of us can join together and do as above，then we will enjoy blue skies all the time（高分句型二）．（最后给出期望）Sincerely Yours，Li Hua20．【解答】More and more creations are coming into the world each day．Let me tell you my favorite creations（高分句型一）（开篇点明主题）．My favorite creation are the high﹣speed rail and smartphone．with the developement of technology，the high﹣speed rail has been created in China．and smartphones have been invented around the world．I appreciate the high﹣speed rail because it make us more comfortable to have a long distance travel．and it's very convinent for us to communicate with others via smartphones（高分句型二）．（说明最喜欢的创新产品及其原因）As for me，now I should study hard．I hope I will invent some creations one day．（结尾下定决心以及给出期望）。
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大兴区2018～2019学年度第一学期期末检测高三英语试题第一部分知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节：阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。
（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
将答案写在答题卡的相应位置。
One year ago, I was in great trouble. I worked hard at English and devoted all my spare time to practising it. But I failed to pass the mid term examination, which made me greatly disappointed. So I asked my grandpa ___1___ advice when I got home. Hearing ___2___I told him, he said, “To some extent, examination results sometimes cannot reflect your study lev el. You can’t judge your progress by one examination.” He encouraged me to work hard for a long time to check my results，and I ___3___(take) my grandpa’s advice. Now I realize that the process of ___4___( learn ) is much more important and my English is much ___5___ (good) than before. From my experience, I feel that we should listen to opinions from old people.【答案】1. for 2. what3. took4. learning5. better【分析】这是一篇记叙文。
记叙了作者一年前英语学习效果不理想，回家征求爷爷意见，最终提高了英语成绩的事情。
【1题详解】考查固定短语。
句意：所以当我回到家时，我向爷爷征求意见。
短语ask sb. for advice“向某人征求意见”，故填for。
【2题详解】考查连接词。
句意：听了我的话，他说:“在某种程度上，考试成绩有时不能反映你的学习水平。
本句为宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指代“我的话”，故填what。
【3题详解】考查动词时态。
句意：他鼓励我努力学习一段时间来检查我的结果，我采纳了我爷爷的建议。
根据上文He encouraged me to work hard for a long time to check my results可知应用一般过去时，故填took。
【4题详解】考查非谓语动词。
句意：现在我意识到学习的过程更重要，我的英语比以前好多了。
of为介词后跟动名词做宾语，故填learning。
【5题详解】考查形容词比较级。
句意：现在我意识到学习的过程更重要，我的英语比以前好多了。
根据下文than before可知应填形容词比较级better。
故填better。
【点睛】名词性从句关键在于三点：一、找准从句在主句中充当的成分即分出是名词性从句的主语句、宾语从句、表语从句还是同位语从句。
二、连接词从句中充当的成分（主、宾、定或状语或不做任何成分）三、弄清楚每个连接词的意义。
此外还要注意，近年来高考对于名词性从句的考查多从名词性从句的语序和连接词的用法区别上考查。
如第二小题，本句为宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指代“我的话”，故填what。
With the development of science and technology, intelligent robots will be widely used in the future. At home, robots will help ___6___ (we) do some housework and take care of the elderly, babies and parents. In addition to these ___7___(task), robots will even be able to play chess and do exercise with people. In factories, robots will be used to perform some dangerous jobs___8___(avoid) accidents. Robots will change our future life in many ways, which will make it more colorful and comfortable. However, we shouldn’t dep end on intelligent robots too much, for they ___9___ (make) to help humans rather than replace us. So robots should be used___10___(proper).【答案】6. us7. tasks8. to avoid9. are made10. properly这是一篇说明文。
主要说明了随着科学技术的发展，智能机器人将在未来得到广泛的应用。
【6题详解】考查人称代词。
句意：在家里，机器人将帮助我们做一些家务，照顾老人，婴儿和父母。
本句中做help的宾语应用人称代词宾格形式，故填us。
【7题详解】考查名词的数。
句意：除了这些任务，机器人甚至可以和人类下棋和锻炼身体。
task为可数名词，由these修饰，故填复数tasks。
【8题详解】考查非谓语动词。
句意：在工厂里，机器人将被用来做一些危险的工作，以避免事故。
本句中需要不定式做目的状语，故填to avoid。
【9题详解】考查动词时态语态。
句意：然而，我们不应该太依赖智能机器人，因为它们是用来帮助人类的，而不是代替我们的。
本句中主语they指机器人与谓语动词构成被动关系，且为一般现在时，故填are made。
【10题详解】考查副词。
句意：所以机器人应该被正确使用。
use为动词需要副词修饰，故填properly。
第二节:完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The Gain Is Worth the Pain I was about 9 years old. I was taking Red Cross swimming lessons at our community pool. The day had arrived when I was to be ___11___ to see if I could advance from the Advanced Beginners class to the Intermediate class. Approximately fifteen of us were to take ___12___to swim from one side of the pool to the other and back, doing various strokes（泳姿）and exercises along the way. I watched ___13___ my classmates one by one tried and failed to pass the test. Then it was my turn to ___14___, I mean, my turn to attempt to pass the test. I got about halfway across the pool when I felt the ___15___ sensation you feel when chlorinated (加氯消毒的) water enters your nose. I ___16___ stopped and seized the side of the pool, ___17___my test. One of the instructors was standing ___18___me, a messy haired college student. “Why did you stop?” he ___19___, in a less than merciful voice. “I got water in my ___20___,” I explained.___21___, even if he probably never ___22___he was doing that. Bending down, he shouted, “So?” “So?” The question ___23___me. It had just seemed reasonable to me that the answer to ___24___was to getrid of the thing causing the discomfort. My 9 year old brain had not understood the fact that a valuable goal is worth ___25___ even if we have to go through discomfort to get there. Recognizingmy next ___26___. Seeing me pass the test, almost all of the others did so as well. Life is a journey, and the road won’t always be ___27___. The obstacles, the hardships, the barriers that appear along the way can’t be ___28___ to the goal that waits at the end. We have to focus on the final destination, not the blocks in the road. As one put it, “I consider that our present sufferings are not worth comparing with the ___29___that will be shown in us.” The plan is not to get rid of suffering in our lives, ___30___ to look past it.11. A. urged B. checked C. tested D. placed12. A. chances B. turns C. efforts D. actions13. A. as B. until C. once D. since14. A. escape B. observe C. train D. fail15. A. burning B. dizzying C. freezing D. tiring16. A. hesitantly B. immediately C. frequently D. constantly17. A. starting B. enquiring C. ending D. continuing18. A. beside B. above C. behind D. against19. A. whispered B. announced C. smiled D. yelled20. A. eyes B. ears C. nose D. mouth21. A. lessons B. lectures C. courses D. examples22. A. complained B. admitted C. regretted D. realized23. A. excited B. encouraged C. comforted D. shocked24. A. gain B. pain C. success D. disappointment25. A. having B. changing C. achieving D. setting26. A. attempt B. plan C. show D. activity27. A. tough B. easy C. rough D. busy28. A. attached B. linked C. exposed D. compared29. A. glory B. result C. fun D. sadness30. A. and B. or C. but D. even 【答案】11. C 12. B 13. A 14. D 15. A 16. B 17. C 18. B 19. D 20. C 21. A 22. D 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. C这是一篇记叙文。