化学专业英语常用词1
化学工程专业英语词汇(整理版)
化学工程专业英语词汇(整理版)
1. 介绍
本文档整理了一些化学工程专业常用的英语词汇，旨在帮助学生更好地理解和应用相关词汇。
2. 词汇列表
- Chemical Engineering: 化学工程
- Reactor: 反应器
- Heat Exchanger: 热交换器
- Distillation: 蒸馏
- Extraction: 提取
- Polymerization: 聚合
- Crystallization: 结晶
- Filtration: 过滤
- Evaporation: 蒸发
- Drying: 干燥
- Mass Transfer: 质量传递
- Fluid Mechanics: 流体力学
- Thermodynamics: 热力学
- Reaction Kinetics: 反应动力学
- Process Control: 过程控制
- Chemical Plant: 化工厂
- Safety Regulations: 安全法规
- Waste Management: 废物管理
- Environmental Impact: 环境影响
- Sustainable Development: 可持续发展
- Renewable Energy: 可再生能源
以上是一些化学工程专业常用的英语词汇，希望对学生们的研究和研究有所帮助。
3. 结束语
本文档提供了一个简单的化学工程专业英语词汇列表，供学生们参考和学习使用。
通过掌握这些词汇，学生们将能够更好地理解和应用化学工程相关的知识。
希望本文档对学生们有所帮助，祝大家学业进步！。
化学专业英语词汇表
化学专业英语词汇表本文介绍了化学专业需要用到的英语词汇，包括基础的化学术语、常用的化学分支、常用的化学实验和常用的化学反应。
文章采用表格形式列出了中文和英文对照的词汇，并给出了一些例句和注释，以便于理解和记忆。
文章的目的是帮助化学专业的学生和研究者提高英语水平，更好地阅读和撰写化学相关的文献和报告。
一、基础化学术语中文英文例句或注释化学chemistry Chemistry is the science of matter and its transformations. 化学是研究物质及其变化的科学。
元素element An element is a substance that cannot be decomposed into simpler substances bychemical means. 元素是一种不能通过化学手段分解为更简单物质的物质。
原子atom An atom is the smallest unit of an element that retains the chemical properties of thatelement. 原子是元素的最小单位，保持了该元素的化学性质。
原子核nucleus The nucleus is the central part of an atom, containing protons and neutrons. 原子核是原子的中心部分，包含了质子和中子。
质子proton A proton is a positively charged subatomic particle, found in the nucleus of an atom. 质子是一种带正电的亚原子粒子，存在于原子核中。
中子neutron A neutron is a neutrally charged subatomic particle, found in the nucleus of an atom. 中子是一种不带电的亚原子粒子，存在于原子核中。
化学专业英语词汇
前沿讲座Seminar专业英语Professional English现代分析化学Modern analytical chemistry生物分析技术Bioanalytical techniques高分子进展Advances in polymers功能高分子进展Advances in functional polymers有机硅高分子研究进展Progresses in organosilicon polymers高分子科学实验方法Scientific experimental methods of polymers高分子设计与合成The design and synthesis of polymers反应性高分子专论Instructions to reactive polymers网络化学与化工信息检索Internet Searching for Chemistry & Chemical Engineerin ginformation有序分子组合体概论Introduction to Organized Molecular Assembilies两亲分子聚集体化学Chemistry of amphiphilic aggregates表面活性剂体系研究新方法New Method for studying Surfactant System微纳米材料化学Chemistry of Micro-NanoMaterials分散体系研究新方法New Method for studying dispersion分散体系相行为The Phase Behavior of Aqueous Dispersions溶液-凝胶材料Sol-Gel Materials高等量子化学Advanced Quantum Chemistry分子反应动力学Molecular Reaction Dynamic计算量子化学Computational Quantum Chemistry群论Group Theory分子模拟理论及软件应用Theory and Software of Molecular Modelling & Applicati on价键理论方法Valence Bond Theory量子化学软件及其应用Software of Quantum Chemistry & its Application分子光谱学Molecular Spectrum算法语言Computational Languange高分子化学Polymer Chemistry高分子物理Polymer Physics药物化学Medicinal Chemistry统计热力学Statistic Thermodynamics液-液体系专论Discussion on Liquid-Liquid System配位化学进展Progress in Coordination Chemistry无机材料及物理性质Inorganic Materials and Their Physical Properties物理无机化学Physical Inorganic Chemistry相平衡Phase Equilibrium现代无机化学Today's Inorganic Chemistry无机化学前沿领域导论Introduction to Forward Field in Inorganic Chemistry量子化学Quantum Chemistry分子材料Molecular Material固体酸碱理论Solid Acid-Base Theory萃取过程物理化学Physical Chemistry in Extraction表面电化学Surface Electrochemistry电化学进展Advances on Electrochemistry现代电化学实验技术Modern Experimental Techniques of Electrochemistry金属-碳多重键化合物及其应用Compounds with Metal-Carbon multiple bonds and T heir Applications叶立德化学:理论和应用Ylides Chemistry: Theory and Application立体化学与手性合成Stereochemistry and Chiral Synthesis杂环化学Heterocyclic Chemistry有机硅化学Organosilicon Chemistry药物设计及合成Pharmaceutical Design and Synthesis超分子化学Supramolecular Chemistry分子设计与组合化学Molecular Design and Combinatorial Chemistry纳米材料化学前沿领域导论Introduction to Nano-materials Chemistry纳米材料控制合成与自组装Controlled-synthesis and Self-assembly of Nano-materials前沿讲座Leading Front Forum专业英语Professional English超分子化学基础Basics of Supramolecular Chemistry液晶材料基础Basics of Liquid Crystal Materials现代实验技术Modern analytical testing techniques色谱及联用技术Chromatography and Technology of tandem发光分析及其研究法Luminescence analysis and Research methods胶束酶学Micellar Enzymology分析化学中的配位化合物Complex in Analytical Chemistry电分析化学Electroanalytical chemistry生物分析化学Bioanalytical chemistry分析化学Analytical chemistry仪器分析Instrument analysis高分子合成化学Polymers synthetic chemistry高聚物结构与性能Structures and properties of polymers有机硅化学Organosilicon chemistry功能高分子Functional polymers有机硅高分子Organosilicon polymers高分子现代实验技术Advanced experimental technology of polymers高分子合成新方法New synthetic methods of polymers液晶与液晶高分子Liquid crystals and liquid crystal polymers大分子反应Macromolecules reaction水溶性高分子Water-soluble polymers聚合物加工基础The basic process of polymers聚合物复合材料Composite materials高等化工与热力学Advanced Chemical Engineering and Thermodynamics 高等反应工程学Advanced Reaction Engineering高等有机化学Advanced Organic Chemistry高等有机合成Advanced Organic synthesis有机化学中光谱分析Spectrum Analysis in Organic Chemistry催化作用原理Principle of Catalysis染料化学Dye Chemistry中间体化学与工艺学Intermediate Chemistry and Technology化学动力学Chemical Kinetics表面活性剂合成与工艺Synthesis and Technology of Surfactants环境化学Environmental Chemistry化工企业清洁生产Chemical Enterprise Clean Production化工污染及防治Chemical Pollution and Control动量热量质量传递Momentum, Heat and Mass Transmission化工分离工程专题Separation Engineering耐蚀材料Corrosion Resisting Material网络化学与化工信息检索Internet Searching for Chemistry & Chemical Engineerin g information新型功能材料的模板组装Templated Assembly of Novel Advanced Materials胶体与界面Colloid and Interface纳米材料的胶体化学制备方法Colloid Chemical Methods for Preparing Nano-materia ls脂质体化学Chemistry of liposome表面活性剂物理化学Physico-chemistry of surfactants高分子溶液与微乳液Polymer Solutions and Microemulsions两亲分子的溶液化学Chemistry of Amphiphilic Molecules in solution介孔材料化学Mesoporous Chemistry超细颗粒化学Chemistry of ultrafine powder分散体系流变学The Rheolgy of Aqueous Dispersions量子化学Quantum Chemistry统计热力学Statistic Thermodynamics群论Group Theory分子模拟Molecular Modelling高等量子化学Advanced Quantum Chemistry价键理论方法Valence Bond Theory量子化学软件及其应用Software of Quantum Chemistry & its Application计算量子化学Computational Quantum Chemistry分子模拟软件及其应用Software of Molecular Modelling & its Application分子反应动力学Molecular Reaction Dynamic分子光谱学Molecular Spectrum算法语言Computational Languange高分子化学Polymer Chemistry高分子物理Polymer Physics腐蚀电化学Corrosion Electrochemistry物理化学Physical Chemistry结构化学structural Chemistry现代分析与测试技术(试验为主）Modern Analysis and Testing Technology（experimetally)高等无机化学Advanced Inorganic Chemistry近代无机物研究方法Modern Research Methods for Inorganic Compounds萃取化学研究方法Research Methods for Extraction Chemistry单晶培养Crystal Culture固态化学Chemistry of Solid Substance液-液体系专论Discussion on Liquid-Liquid System配位化学进展Progress in Coordination Chemistry卟啉酞箐化学Chemistry of Porphyrine and Phthalocyanine无机材料及物理性质Inorganic Materials and Their Physical Properties物理无机化学Physical Inorganic Chemistry相平衡Phase Equilibrium生物化学的应用Application of Biologic Chemistry生物无机化学Bio-Inorganic Chemistry绿色化学Green Chemistry金属有机化合物在均相催化中的应用Applied Homogeneous Catalysis with Organometallic Compounds功能性食品化学Functionalized Food Chemistry无机药物化学Inorganic Pharmaceutical Chemistry电极过程动力学Kinetics on Electrode Process电化学研究方法Electrochemical Research Methods生物物理化学Biological Physical Chemistry波谱与现代检测技术Spectroscopy and Modern Testing Technology理论有机化学theoretical Organic Chemistry合成化学Synthesis Chemistry有机合成新方法New Methods for Organic Synthesis生物有机化学Bio-organic Chemistry药物化学Pharmaceutical Chemistry金属有机化学Organometallic Chemistry金属-碳多重键化合物及其应用Compounds with Metal-Carbon multiple bonds and T heir Applications分子构效与模拟Molecular Structure-Activity and Simulation过程装置数值计算Data Calculation of Process Devices石油化工典型设备Common Equipment of Petrochemical Industry化工流态化工程Fluidization in Chemical Industry化工装置模拟与优化Analogue and Optimization of Chemical Devices化工分离工程Separation Engineering化工系统与优化Chemical System and Optimization高等化工热力学Advanced Chemical Engineering and Thermodynamics超临界流体技术及应用Super Critical Liguid Technegues and Applications膜分离技术Membrane Separation Technegues溶剂萃取原理和应用Theory and Application of Solvent Extraction树脂吸附理论Theory of Resin Adsorption中药材化学Chemistry of Chinese Medicine生物资源有效成分分析与鉴定Analysis and Detection of Bio-materials相平衡理论与应用Theory and Application of Phase Equilibrium计算机在化学工程中的应用Application of Computer in Chemical Engineering微乳液和高分子溶液Micro-emulsion and High Molecular Solution传递过程Transmision Process反应工程分析Reaction Engineering Analysis腐蚀电化学原理与应用Principle and Application of Corrosion Electrochemistry腐蚀电化学测试方法与应用Measurement Method and Application of Corrosion Ele ctrochemistry耐蚀表面工程Surface Techniques of Anti-corrosion缓蚀剂技术Inhabitor Techniques腐蚀失效分析Analysis of Corrosion Destroy材料表面研究方法Method of Studying Material Surfacc分离与纯化技术Separation and Purification Technology现代精细有机合成Modern Fine Organic Synthesis化学工艺与设备Chemical Technology and Apparatuas功能材料概论Functional Materials Conspectus油田化学Oilfield Chemistry精细化学品研究Study of Fine Chemicals催化剂合成与应用Synthesis and Application of Catalyzer低维材料制备Preparation of Low-Dimension Materials手性药物化学Symmetrical Pharmaceutical Chemistry光敏高分子材料化学Photosensitive Polymer Materials Chemistry纳米材料制备与表征Preparation and Characterization of Nanostructured material s溶胶凝胶化学Sol-gel Chemistry纳米材料化学进展Proceeding of Nano-materials Chemistry●化学常用词汇汉英对照表1●氨ammonia氨基酸amino acid铵盐ammonium salt饱和链烃saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon苯benzene变性denaturation不饱和烃unsaturated hydrocarbon超导材料superconductive material臭氧ozone醇alcohol次氯酸钾potassium hypochlorite醋酸钠sodium acetate蛋白质protein氮族元素nitrogen group element碘化钾potassium iodide碘化钠sodium iodide电化学腐蚀electrochemical corrosion电解质electrolyte电离平衡ionization equilibrium电子云electron cloud淀粉starch淀粉碘化钾试纸starch potassium iodide paper 二氧化氮nitrogen dioxide二氧化硅silicon dioxide二氧化硫sulphur dioxide二氧化锰manganese dioxide芳香烃arene放热反应exothermic reaction非极性分子non-polar molecule非极性键non-polar bond肥皂soap分馏fractional distillation酚phenol复合材料composite干电池dry cell干馏dry distillation甘油glycerol高分子化合物polymer共价键covalent bond官能团functional group光化学烟雾photochemical fog过氧化氢hydrogen peroxide合成材料synthetic material合成纤维synthetic fiber合成橡胶synthetic rubber核电荷数nuclear charge number核素nuclide化学电源chemical power source化学反应速率chemical reaction rate 化学键chemical bond化学平衡chemical equilibrium还原剂reducing agent磺化反应sulfonation reaction霍尔槽Hull Cell极性分子polar molecule极性键polar bond加成反应addition reaction加聚反应addition polymerization甲烷methane碱金属alkali metal碱石灰soda lime结构式structural formula聚合反应po1ymerization可逆反应reversible reaction空气污染指数air pollution index勒夏特列原理Le Chatelier's principle 离子反应ionic reaction离子方程式ionic equation离子键ionic bond锂电池lithium cell两性氢氧化物amphoteric hydroxide 两性氧化物amphoteric oxide裂化cracking裂解pyrolysis硫氰化钾potassium thiocyanate硫酸钠sodium sulphide氯化铵ammonium chloride氯化钡barium chloride氯化钾potassium chloride氯化铝aluminium chloride氯化镁magnesium chloride氯化氢hydrogen chloride氯化铁iron (III) chloride氯水chlorine water麦芽糖maltose煤coal酶enzyme摩尔mole摩尔质量molar mass品红magenta或fuchsine葡萄糖glucose气体摩尔体积molar volume of gas铅蓄电池lead storage battery强电解质strong electrolyte氢氟酸hydrogen chloride氢氧化铝aluminium hydroxide取代反应substitution reaction醛aldehyde炔烃alkyne燃料电池fuel cell弱电解质weak electrolyte石油Petroleum水解反应hydrolysis reaction四氯化碳carbon tetrachloride塑料plastic塑料的降解plastic degradation塑料的老化plastic ageing酸碱中和滴定acid-base neutralization titration 酸雨acid rain羧酸carboxylic acid碳酸钠sodium carbonate碳酸氢铵ammonium bicarbonate碳酸氢钠sodium bicarbonate糖类carbohydrate烃hydrocarbon烃的衍生物derivative of hydrocarbon烃基hydrocarbonyl同分异构体isomer同素异形体allotrope同位素isotope同系物homo1og涂料coating烷烃alkane物质的量amount of substance物质的量浓度amount-of-substance concentration of B 烯烃alkene洗涤剂detergent纤维素cellulose相对分子质量relative molecular mass相对原子质量relative atomic mass消去反应elimination reaction硝化反应nitratlon reaction硝酸钡barium nitrate硝酸银silver nitrate溴的四氯化碳溶液solution of bromine in carbon tetrachloride 溴化钠sodium bromide溴水bromine water溴水bromine water盐类的水解hydrolysis of salts盐析salting-out焰色反应flame test氧化剂oxidizing agent氧化铝aluminium oxide氧化铁iron (III) oxide乙醇ethanol乙醛ethana1乙炔ethyne乙酸ethanoic acid乙酸乙酯ethyl acetate乙烯ethene银镜反应silver mirror reaction硬脂酸stearic acid油脂oils and fats有机化合物organic compound元素周期表periodic table of elements元素周期律periodic law of elements原电池primary battery原子序数atomic number皂化反应saponification粘合剂adhesive蔗糖sucrose指示剂Indicator酯ester酯化反应esterification周期period族group（主族：main group）Bunsen burner 本生灯product 化学反应产物flask 烧瓶apparatus 设备PH indicator PH值指示剂,氢离子(浓度的)负指数指示剂matrass 卵形瓶litmus 石蕊litmus paper 石蕊试纸graduate, graduated flask 量筒,量杯reagent 试剂test tube 试管burette 滴定管retort 曲颈甑still 蒸馏釜cupel 烤钵crucible pot, melting pot 坩埚pipette 吸液管filter 滤管stirring rod 搅拌棒element 元素body 物体compound 化合物atom 原子gram atom 克原子atomic weight 原子量atomic number 原子数atomic mass 原子质量molecule 分子electrolyte 电解质ion 离子anion 阴离子cation 阳离子electron 电子isotope 同位素isomer 同分异物现象polymer 聚合物symbol 复合radical 基structural formula 分子式valence, valency 价monovalent 单价bivalent 二价halogen 成盐元素bond 原子的聚合mixture 混合combination 合成作用compound 合成物alloy 合金organic chemistry 有机化学inorganic chemistry 无机化学derivative 衍生物series 系列acid 酸hydrochloric acid 盐酸sulphuric acid 硫酸nitric acid 硝酸aqua fortis 王水fatty acid 脂肪酸organic acid 有机酸hydrosulphuric acid 氢硫酸hydrogen sulfide 氢化硫alkali 碱,强碱ammonia 氨base 碱hydrate 水合物hydroxide 氢氧化物,羟化物hydracid 氢酸hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物,羟anhydride 酐alkaloid 生物碱aldehyde 醛oxide 氧化物phosphate 磷酸盐acetate 醋酸盐methane 甲烷,沼气butane 丁烷salt 盐potassium carbonate 碳酸钾soda 苏打sodium carbonate 碳酸钠caustic potash 苛性钾caustic soda 苛性钠ester 酯gel 凝胶体analysis 分解fractionation 分馏endothermic reaction 吸热反应exothermic reaction 放热反应precipitation 沉淀to precipitate 沉淀to distil, to distill 蒸馏distillation 蒸馏to calcine 煅烧to oxidize 氧化alkalinization 碱化to oxygenate, to oxidize 脱氧,氧化to neutralize 中和to hydrogenate 氢化to hydrate 水合,水化to dehydrate 脱水fermentation 发酵solution 溶解combustion 燃烧fusion, melting 熔解alkalinity 碱性isomerism, isomery 同分异物现象hydrolysis 水解electrolysis 电解electrode 电极anode 阳极,正极cathode 阴极,负极catalyst 催化剂catalysis 催化作用oxidization, oxidation 氧化reducer 还原剂dissolution 分解synthesis 合成reversible 可逆的1. The Ideal-Gas Equation 理想气体状态方程2. Partial Pressures 分压3. Real Gases: Deviation from Ideal Behavior 真实气体：对理想气体行为的偏离4. The van der Waals Equation 范德华方程5. System and Surroundings 系统与环境6. State and State Functions 状态与状态函数7. Process 过程8. Phase 相9. The First Law of Thermodynamics 热力学第一定律10. Heat and Work 热与功11. Endothermic and Exothermic Processes 吸热与发热过程12. Enthalpies of Reactions 反应热13. Hess’s Law 盖斯定律14. Enthalpies of Formation 生成焓15. Reaction Rates 反应速率16. Reaction Order 反应级数17. Rate Constants 速率常数18. Activation Energy 活化能19. The Arrhenius Equation 阿累尼乌斯方程20. Reaction Mechanisms 反应机理21. Homogeneous Catalysis 均相催化剂22. Heterogeneous Catalysis 非均相催化剂23. Enzymes 酶24. The Equilibrium Constant 平衡常数25. the Direction of Reaction 反应方向26. Le Chatelier’s Principle 列·沙特列原理27. Effects of Volume, Pressure, Temperature Changes and Catalystsi. 体积，压力，温度变化以及催化剂的影响28. Spontaneous Processes 自发过程29. Entropy (Standard Entropy) 熵（标准熵）30. The Second Law of Thermodynamics 热力学第二定律31. Entropy Changes 熵变32. Standard Free-Energy Changes 标准自由能变33. Acid-Bases 酸碱34. The Dissociation of Water 水离解35. The Proton in Water 水合质子36. The pH Scales pH值37. Bronsted-Lowry Acids and Bases Bronsted-Lowry 酸和碱38. Proton-Transfer Reactions 质子转移反应39. Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs 共轭酸碱对40. Relative Strength of Acids and Bases 酸碱的相对强度41. Lewis Acids and Bases 路易斯酸碱42. Hydrolysis of Metal Ions 金属离子的水解43. Buffer Solutions 缓冲溶液44. The Common-Ion Effects 同离子效应45. Buffer Capacity 缓冲容量46. Formation of Complex Ions 配离子的形成47. Solubility 溶解度48. The Solubility-Product Constant Ksp 溶度积常数49. Precipitation and separation of Ions 离子的沉淀与分离50. Selective Precipitation of Ions 离子的选择沉淀51. Oxidation-Reduction Reactions 氧化还原反应52. Oxidation Number 氧化数53. Balancing Oxidation-Reduction Equations 氧化还原反应方程的配平54. Half-Reaction 半反应55. Galvani Cell 原电池56. Voltaic Cell 伏特电池57. Cell EMF 电池电动势58. Standard Electrode Potentials 标准电极电势59. Oxidizing and Reducing Agents 氧化剂和还原剂60. The Nernst Equation 能斯特方程61. Electrolysis 电解62. The Wave Behavior of Electrons 电子的波动性63. Bohr’s Model of The Hydrogen Atom 氢原子的波尔模型64. Line Spectra 线光谱65. Quantum Numbers 量子数66. Electron Spin 电子自旋67. Atomic Orbital 原子轨道68. The s (p, d, f) Orbital s（p，d，f）轨道69. Many-Electron Atoms 多电子原子70. Energies of Orbital 轨道能量71. The Pauli Exclusion Principle 泡林不相容原理72. Electron Configurations 电子构型73. The Periodic Table 周期表74. Row 行75. Group 族76. Isotopes, Atomic Numbers, and Mass Numbers 同位素，原子数，质量数77. Periodic Properties of the Elements 元素的周期律78. Radius of Atoms 原子半径79. Ionization Energy 电离能80. Electronegativity 电负性81. Effective Nuclear Charge 有效核电荷82. Electron Affinities 亲电性83. Metals 金属84. Nonmetals 非金属85. Valence Bond Theory 价键理论86. Covalence Bond 共价键87. Orbital Overlap 轨道重叠88. Multiple Bonds 重键89. Hybrid Orbital 杂化轨道90. The VSEPR Model 价层电子对互斥理论91. Molecular Geometries 分子空间构型92. Molecular Orbital 分子轨道93. Diatomic Molecules 双原子分子94. Bond Length 键长95. Bond Order 键级96. Bond Angles 键角97. Bond Enthalpies 键能98. Bond Polarity 键矩99. Dipole Moments 偶极矩100. Polarity Molecules 极性分子101. Polyatomic Molecules 多原子分子102. Crystal Structure 晶体结构103. Non-Crystal 非晶体104. Close Packing of Spheres 球密堆积105. Metallic Solids 金属晶体106. Metallic Bond 金属键107. Alloys 合金108. Ionic Solids 离子晶体109. Ion-Dipole Forces 离子偶极力110. Molecular Forces 分子间力111. Intermolecular Forces 分子间作用力112. Hydrogen Bonding 氢键113. Covalent-Network Solids 原子晶体114. Compounds 化合物115. The Nomenclature, Composition and Structure of Complexes 配合物的命名，组成和结构116. Charges, Coordination Numbers, and Geometries 电荷数、配位数、及几何构型117. Chelates 螯合物118. Isomerism 异构现象119. Structural Isomerism 结构异构120. Stereoisomerism 立体异构121. Magnetism 磁性122. Electron Configurations in Octahedral Complexes 八面体构型配合物的电子分布123. Tetrahedral and Square-planar Complexes 四面体和平面四边形配合物124. General Characteristics 共性125. s-Block Elements s区元素126. Alkali Metals 碱金属127. Alkaline Earth Metals 碱土金属128. Hydrides 氢化物129. Oxides 氧化物130. Peroxides and Superoxides 过氧化物和超氧化物131. Hydroxides 氢氧化物132. Salts 盐133. p-Block Elements p区元素134. Boron Group (Boron, Aluminium, Gallium, Indium, Thallium) 硼族（硼，铝，镓，铟，铊）135. Borane 硼烷136. Carbon Group (Carbon, Silicon, Germanium, Tin, Lead) 碳族（碳，硅，锗，锡，铅）137. Graphite, Carbon Monoxide, Carbon Dioxide 石墨，一氧化碳，二氧化碳138. Carbonic Acid, Carbonates and Carbides 碳酸，碳酸盐，碳化物139. Occurrence and Preparation of Silicon 硅的存在和制备140. Silicic Acid，Silicates 硅酸，硅酸盐141. Nitrogen Group (Phosphorus, Arsenic, Antimony, and Bismuth) 氮族（磷，砷，锑，铋）142. Ammonia, Nitric Acid, Phosphoric Acid 氨，硝酸，磷酸143. Phosphorates, phosphorus Halides 磷酸盐，卤化磷144. Oxygen Group (Oxygen, Sulfur, Selenium, and Tellurium) 氧族元素（氧，硫，硒，碲）145. Ozone, Hydrogen Peroxide 臭氧，过氧化氢146. Sulfides 硫化物147. Halogens (Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine) 卤素（氟，氯，溴，碘）148. Halides, Chloride 卤化物，氯化物149. The Noble Gases 稀有气体150. Noble-Gas Compounds 稀有气体化合物151. d-Block elements d区元素152. Transition Metals 过渡金属153. Potassium Dichromate 重铬酸钾154. Potassium Permanganate 高锰酸钾155. Iron Copper Zinc Mercury 铁，铜，锌，汞156. f-Block Elements f区元素157. Lanthanides 镧系元素158. Radioactivity 放射性159. Nuclear Chemistry 核化学160. Nuclear Fission 核裂变161. Nuclear Fusion 核聚变162. analytical chemistry 分析化学163. qualitative analysis 定性分析164. quantitative analysis 定量分析165. chemical analysis 化学分析166. instrumental analysis 仪器分析167. titrimetry 滴定分析168. gravimetric analysis 重量分析法169. regent 试剂170. chromatographic analysis 色谱分析171. product 产物172. electrochemical analysis 电化学分析173. on-line analysis 在线分析174. macro analysis 常量分析175. characteristic 表征176. micro analysis 微量分析177. deformation analysis 形态分析178. semimicro analysis 半微量分析179. systematical error 系统误差180. routine analysis 常规分析181. random error 偶然误差182. arbitration analysis 仲裁分析183. gross error 过失误差184. normal distribution 正态分布185. accuracy 准确度186. deviation偏差187. precision 精密度188. relative standard deviation 相对标准偏差（RSD）189. coefficient variation 变异系数（CV）190. confidence level 置信水平191. confidence interval 置信区间192. significant test 显著性检验193. significant figure 有效数字194. standard solution 标准溶液195. titration 滴定196. stoichiometric point 化学计量点197. end point滴定终点198. titration error 滴定误差199. primary standard 基准物质200. amount of substance 物质的量201. standardization 标定202. chemical reaction 化学反应203. concentration浓度204. chemical equilibrium 化学平衡205. titer 滴定度206. general equation for a chemical reaction化学反应的通式207. proton theory of acid-base 酸碱质子理论208. acid-base titration 酸碱滴定法209. dissociation constant 解离常数210. conjugate acid-base pair 共轭酸碱对211. acetic acid 乙酸212. hydronium ion水合氢离子213. electrolyte 电解质214. ion-product constant of water 水的离子积215. ionization 电离216. proton condition 质子平衡217. zero level零水准218. buffer solution缓冲溶液219. methyl orange 甲基橙220. acid-base indicator 酸碱指示剂221. phenolphthalein 酚酞222. coordination compound 配位化合物223. center ion 中心离子224. cumulative stability constant 累积稳定常数225. alpha coefficient 酸效应系数226. overall stability constant 总稳定常数227. ligand 配位体228. ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid 乙二胺四乙酸229. side reaction coefficient 副反应系数230. coordination atom 配位原子231. coordination number 配位数232. lone pair electron 孤对电子233. chelate compound 螯合物234. metal indicator 金属指示剂235. chelating agent 螯合剂236. masking 掩蔽237. demasking 解蔽238. electron 电子239. catalysis 催化240. oxidation氧化241. catalyst 催化剂242. reduction 还原243. catalytic reaction 催化反应244. reaction rate 反应速率245. electrode potential 电极电势246. activation energy 反应的活化能247. redox couple 氧化还原电对248. potassium permanganate 高锰酸钾249. iodimetry碘量法250. potassium dichromate 重铬酸钾251. cerimetry 铈量法252. redox indicator 氧化还原指示253. oxygen consuming 耗氧量（OC）254. chemical oxygen demanded 化学需氧量(COD) 255. dissolved oxygen 溶解氧(DO) 256. precipitation 沉淀反应257. argentimetry 银量法258. heterogeneous equilibrium of ions 多相离子平衡259. aging 陈化260. postprecipitation 继沉淀261. coprecipitation 共沉淀262. ignition 灼烧263. fitration 过滤264. decantation 倾泻法265. chemical factor 化学因数266. spectrophotometry 分光光度法267. colorimetry 比色分析268. transmittance 透光率269. absorptivity 吸光率270. calibration curve 校正曲线271. standard curve 标准曲线272. monochromator 单色器273. source 光源274. wavelength dispersion 色散275. absorption cell吸收池276. detector 检测系统277. bathochromic shift 红移278. Molar absorptivity 摩尔吸光系数279. hypochromic shift 紫移280. acetylene 乙炔281. ethylene 乙烯282. acetylating agent 乙酰化剂283. acetic acid 乙酸284. adiethyl ether 乙醚285. ethyl alcohol 乙醇286. acetaldehtde 乙醛287. β-dicarbontl compound β–二羰基化合物288. bimolecular elimination 双分子消除反应289. bimolecular nucleophilic substitution 双分子亲核取代反应290. open chain compound 开链族化合物291. molecular orbital theory 分子轨道理论292. chiral molecule 手性分子293. tautomerism 互变异构现象294. reaction mechanism 反应历程295. chemical shift 化学位移296. Walden inversio 瓦尔登反转n297. Enantiomorph 对映体298. addition rea ction 加成反应299. dextro- 右旋300. levo- 左旋301. stereochemistry 立体化学302. stereo isomer 立体异构体303. Lucas reagent 卢卡斯试剂304. covalent bond 共价键305. conjugated diene 共轭二烯烃306. conjugated double bond 共轭双键307. conjugated system 共轭体系308. conjugated effect 共轭效应309. isomer 同分异构体310. isomerism 同分异构现象311. organic chemistry 有机化学312. hybridization 杂化313. hybrid orbital 杂化轨道314. heterocyclic compound 杂环化合物315. peroxide effect 过氧化物效应t316. valence bond theory 价键理论317. sequence rule 次序规则318. electron-attracting grou p 吸电子基319. Huckel rule 休克尔规则320. Hinsberg test 兴斯堡试验321. infrared spectrum 红外光谱322. Michael reacton 麦克尔反应323. halogenated hydrocarbon 卤代烃324. haloform reaction 卤仿反应325. systematic nomenclatur 系统命名法e326. Newman projection 纽曼投影式327. aromatic compound 芳香族化合物328. aromatic character 芳香性r329. Claisen condensation reaction克莱森酯缩合反应330. Claisen rearrangement 克莱森重排331. Diels-Alder reation 狄尔斯-阿尔得反应332. Clemmensen reduction 克莱门森还原333. Cannizzaro reaction 坎尼扎罗反应334. positional isomers 位置异构体335. unimolecular elimination reaction 单分子消除反应336. unimolecular nucleophilic substitution 单分子亲核取代反应337. benzene 苯338. functional grou 官能团p339. configuration 构型340. conformation 构象341. confomational isome 构象异构体342. electrophilic addition 亲电加成343. electrophilic reagent 亲电试剂344. nucleophilic addition 亲核加成345. nucleophilic reagent 亲核试剂346. nucleophilic substitution reaction亲核取代反应347. active intermediate 活性中间体348. Saytzeff rule 查依采夫规则349. cis-trans isomerism 顺反异构350. inductive effect 诱导效应t351. Fehling’s reagent 费林试剂352. phase transfer catalysis 相转移催化作用353. aliphatic compound 脂肪族化合物354. elimination reaction 消除反应355. Grignard reagent 格利雅试剂356. nuclear magnetic resonance 核磁共振357. alkene 烯烃358. allyl cation 烯丙基正离子359. leaving group 离去基团360. optical activity 旋光性361. boat confomation 船型构象362. silver mirror reaction 银镜反应363. Fischer projection 菲舍尔投影式364. Kekule structure 凯库勒结构式365. Friedel-Crafts reaction 傅列德尔-克拉夫茨反应366. Ketone 酮367. carboxylic acid 羧酸368. carboxylic acid derivative 羧酸衍生物369. hydroboration 硼氢化反应370. bond oength 键长371. bond energy 键能372. bond angle 键角373. carbohydrate 碳水化合物374. carbocation 碳正离子375. carbanion 碳负离子376. alcohol 醇377. Gofmann rule 霍夫曼规则378. Aldehyde 醛379. Ether 醚380. Polymer 聚合物。
(完整版)化学专业英语常用词汇
☆常用： ppm: parts per millionppb: parts per billion pH: potential of hydrogen1. 化合物的命名：规则：金属(或某些非金属)元素+阴离子名称(1)MgCl2 magnesium [mæɡ’ni:zj əm] chloride (2)NaNO2 sodium nitrite [‘naitrait](3)KNO3 potassium[p ə’tæsi əm] nitrate [‘naitreit] (4)硝酸 nitric acid(5)NaHCO3 sodium hydrogen carbonate练习：▪ FeBr2 ▪ (NH4)2SO4 ▪ NH4H2PO4▪KMnO4▪亚硫酸▪sulfurous acid▪H2S▪NO2 有机物命名▪Hydrocarbon▪{Aliphatic hydrocarbon; Aromatic Hydrocarbon}▪Aliphatic hydrocarbon (脂肪烃)▪{Alkane (烷); Alkene(烯); Alkyne(炔)}▪Alcohol 醇▪Aldehyde 醛▪Ketone [‘ki:təun] 酮▪Carboxylic acid 羧酸▪Aromatic hydrocarbon(芳香烃)▪{benzene (苯) hydroxybenzene(酚) quinone(醌)无机物中关于数字的写法mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta- hexa-, hepta-, octa-, nona-, deca-一，二，三，四，五，六，七，八，九，十有机物中关于数字的写法meth-, eth-, prop-, but-, pent-, hex-,甲乙丙丁戊已hept-, oct-, non-, dec-, cyclo-, poly-庚辛壬葵环聚练习▪甲烷乙炔▪丙酮丁醇▪戊烷己烯▪庚醛辛烷▪2-甲基壬酸 3,5-二乙基癸醇Lithium [‘liθiəm] n.锂Beryllium [bə’riljəm] n.铍(Be)Sodium [‘səudiəm] n.钠Potassium [pə’tæsiəm] 钾Rubidium [ru:’bidiəm] 铷Caesium [‘si:ziəm] 铯Nucleus[‘nju:kli s] 原子核，是nuclear的复数Halogen[‘hælədʒən] 卤素general chemistry 普通化学positive[‘pƆzətiv] ion 阳离子orbital electron 轨道电子effective nuclear charge 有效核电荷atomic radius 原子半径，raddi的复数ionic radius 离子半径negative ion 阴离子electron cloud 电子云Van der Waals non-bounded radius单质分子晶体中相邻分子间两个非键合原子核间距离的一半称为范德华半径metallic [mi’tælik] character[‘kæriktə] 金属特性electropositive [I’lektrəu’pɔzətiv] a.带正电的Ionization [‘aiənai’zeiʃən] energy 电离能carbon 碳 germanium[dʒə:’meiniəm] 锗tin [tin] 锡 lead [led] 铅sodium[‘səudiəm] 钠 magnesium[mæɡ’ni:zjəm] 镁silicon [‘silikən] 硅 chlorine [’klɔ:ri:n] 氯nonmetallic [‘nɔnmi’tælik]adj.n.非金属的，非金属Electronegativity 电负性Metallic oxide 金属氧化物Metallic hydroxide [hai’drɔksaid] 金属氢氧化物Hydroxyl [hai‘drɔksil] ions 氢氧根离子insoluble[in’sɔljubl] 不溶解的Ionic [ai‘ɔnik] adj. 离子的Transition element 过渡元素Basicity [bə’sisiti] n. 碱性，碱度Oxyacid [,ɔksi’æsid] 含氧酸Carbonate [‘kɑ:bəneit] 碳酸盐Nitrate [‘naitreit] 硝酸盐Sulphate [‘sʌlfeit] 硫酸盐 = sulfateAmphoteric [,æmfə’terik] adj.两性的Acid [‘æsid] n. adj.alkali [‘ælkəlai] n.adj.Hydration [hai’dreiʃən] 水合作用Hydrolyze [‘haidrəlaiz] vi. 水解Oxysalt [‘ɔksisɔ:lt] 含氧酸盐Complex 络合物，复合物句子理解1) Metals are electropositive and have a tendency to loss electrons, if suppliedwith energy: M M+ + e. 金属是电正性的，如果供给能量，有失去电子的趋势。
化学英语词汇大全熟悉化学元素化合物与反应的专业术语
化学英语词汇大全熟悉化学元素化合物与反应的专业术语化学是一门涉及元素、化合物和反应等各个方面的科学，具有广泛的应用领域。
熟悉化学英语词汇对于学习和理解化学知识至关重要。
本文将为您介绍一些常用的化学英语词汇，帮助您更好地掌握化学的专业术语。
一、元素（Elements）1. Hydrogen（氢）: The lightest and most abundant element in the universe. Symbol: H.2. Oxygen（氧）: A colorless and odorless gas that is essential for respiration. Symbol: O.3. Carbon（碳）: A chemical element that is a necessary component ofall living organisms. Symbol: C.4. Nitrogen（氮）: A colorless and odorless gas that makes up about 78% of Earth's atmosphere. Symbol: N.5. Sodium（钠）: A highly reactive metal that is essential for maintaining fluid balance in the body. Symbol: Na.二、化合物（Compounds）1. Water（水）: A clear, colorless, odorless, and tasteless liquid compound composed of hydrogen and oxygen. Chemical formula: H2O.2. Carbon dioxide（二氧化碳）: A colorless gas composed of carbon and oxygen. Chemical formula: CO2.3. Sodium chloride（氯化钠）: A white crystalline solid compound commonly known as table salt. Chemical formula: NaCl.4. Ethanol（乙醇）: A colorless liquid compound commonly used as a solvent and in alcoholic beverages. Chemical formula: C2H5OH.5. Methane（甲烷）: A colorless, odorless gas that is the main component of natural gas. Chemical formula: CH4.三、反应（Reactions）1. Oxidation（氧化）: A chemical reaction in which a substance combines with oxygen.2. Reduction（还原）: A chemical reaction in which a substance gains electrons and reduces its oxidation state.3. Acid-base reaction（酸碱反应）: A chemical reaction in which an acid reacts with a base to form a salt and water.4. Combustion（燃烧）: A rapid chemical reaction between a fuel and an oxidant, usually producing heat and light.5. Polymerization（聚合）: A chemical reaction in which small molecules, called monomers, combine to form a large chain-like structure, called a polymer.总结（Conclusion）本文介绍了一些常用的化学英语词汇，涵盖了元素、化合物和反应等方面的专业术语。
化学常见英语词汇
« 人反应最快的年龄为39岁科学家首次对脸盲症给出了合理的科学解释»化学专业词汇词缀记忆法化学世界 |评论(0) | 942 views | 十一 25th, 2008化学专业词汇前缀Ⅰ、数字一至九一（mono-）uni- 单一meth- 甲二（di-）twi- 二，可通过twice来记忆。
bi/bis 两，双eth- 乙，二也。
amphi- ampho- 两个，两种三（tri-）tris-/ter- 三prop- 丙四（tetra-）quadri- quadru 四but- 丁五（penta-）pento- 五quique- quinqui- 五六（hexa-）sex(i)- 六七（hepta-）septa- hept- 七八（octa-）九（nona-）十（deca-）在由以下数字前缀组成的化学词汇中，最后一个字母为o或a的前缀后若接除a 以外的元音，o、a应省略。
如N2O4（四氧化二氮）: Dinitrogen tetroxide（tetra-中的a被省略）十一至十九（除十一、十二外，其余均为个位数字＋deca-）hendeca- 十一undeca- 十一dodeca 十二trideca- 十三tetradeca- 十四pentadeca，十五hexadeca- 十六heptadeca- 十七octadeca- 十八nonadeca 十九分数deci- 十分之一/cent- 百分之一/killo-， milli- 千分之一，千，毫。
多少oligo- 少pluri- 多，多数poly-，多（常用于高分子）per- 高，高过infra- 下，低于supra- 超，多—>ultra- 超级多，超超。
hyper- 超越，超过，过多，太甚hypo- 低级的，次，下，低，少Ⅱ、化学物质的位置levo- 左mid- 中dextro- dexter- 右inter- intra- intro- endo- 向里。
化工专业英语词汇
化工专业英语词汇化学专业课程中英文对照普通化学General Chemistry分析化学Analytical Chemistry有机化学Organic Chemistry物理化学Physical Chemistry谱学导论Introducton of Spectroscopy无机化学Inorganic Chemistry普通化学和分析化学实验Experiments of General and Analytical Chemistry现在基础化学The Principle of Mordern Chemistry现在基础化学实验Experiments of Modern Fundamental Chemistry有机化学实验Experiments of Organic Chemistry仪器分析和物理化学实验Experiments of Instrumental Analysis and Physical Chemistry 合成化学实验Experiments of Synthetic Chemistry现代化学专题Topic of Modern Chemistry化学综合实验Experiments of Comprehensive Chemistry化工原理Principle of Chemical Engineering化工原理实验Experiments of Chemical Engineering应用化学实验Experiments of Applied Chemistry无机合成化学Synthetic Inorganic Chemistry近代分析化学Modern Analytical Chemistry分离分析化学Separation Analytical Chemistry有机化合物波谱鉴定Spectrum Identification of Organic Compounds有机合成及反应机理Organic Synthesis and Mechanics化学进展Progress in Chemistry化学反应工程Chemical Reaction Engineering应用电化学Applied Electrochemistry工业催化Industrial Catalysis环境化学Environmental Chemistry环境监测Environmental Monitoring化学科技英语Scientific English for Chemistry数理方法在化学中的应用Mathematical Statistics for Chemistry 化工制图Chemical Engineering Cartography计算机与化学测量实验Computer and Chemical Measurement 化学信息学Chemoinformatics or Chemical Informatics应用化学专题Special Topicsin Applied Chemistry一、化工装置常用词汇一概论introduction方案(建议书) proposal可行性研究feasibility study方案设计concept design工艺设计process design基础设计basic design详细设计detail design开工会议kick-off meeting审核会议review meeting 外商投资foreign investment中外合资joint venture中外合营joint venture补偿贸易compensation trade合同合同附件contract卖方vendor买方buyer顾客client承包商contractor工程公司company供应范围scope of supply生产范围production scope生产能力production capacity项目project界区battery limit装置plant公用工程utilities工艺流程图process flow diagram工艺流程方块图process block diagram管道及仪表流程图piping and instrument drawing物料及热量平衡图mass & heat balance d iagram蒸汽及冷凝水平衡图steam & condensate balance d iagram 设备布置图equipment layout设备表equipment list成品(产品) product(final product)副产品by-product原料raw-material设计基础数据basic data for design技术数据technical data数据表data sheet设计文件design document设计规定design regulation现场服务site service项目变更project change用户变更client change消耗定额consumption quota技术转让technical transfer技术知识technical know-howtechnical knowledge技术保证technical guarantee咨询服务consultative services技术服务technical services工作地点location施工现场construction field报价quotation标书bidding book公司利润company profit固定价合同fixed price contract固定单价合同fixed unit price contract成本加酬金合同cost plus award fee contract 定金mobilization银行保证书bank guarantee letter保留金retention所得税income taxes特别承包人税special contractor's taxes城市和市政税city and municipal taxes工作手册work manual工作流程图work flow diagram质量保证程序QA/QC procedures采购计划procurement plan施工计划construction plan施工进度construction schedule项目实施计划project execution plan项目协调程序project coordination procedure 项目总进度计划project master schedule设计网络计划engineering network logic项目质量保证project quality assurance项目质量控制project quality control采购procurement采购周期procurement period会签the squad check计算书calculation sheets询价inquiry检验inspection运输transportation开车start up / commission验收inspection & acceptance校核check审核review审定approve版次version部门department专业specialty项目号project number图号drawing number目录contents序言foreword章chapter节section项itemMR material requisitionSPEC engineering specificationDATA SHEET（技术表）technical data sheetTBA(技术评标）technical bid analysisPDP preliminary design packagePM (项目经理) project managerLDE( 专业负责人) lead discipline engineerMRQ( 材料询价单) Material requisition for quotationMRP(材料采购单) material requisition for purchaseBEP( 基础工程设计包) basic engineering packageP&ID( 管道及仪表流程图) piping and instrument d rawing(diagram) PFD process flow diagramNNF normally no flowFO failure openFC failure closeC/S/A civil/structure/architectureDDP （详细设计阶段）detail design phase二、工艺流程连续过程continuous process间歇过程batch process工艺叙述process description工艺特点process feature操作operation反应reaction副反应side reaction絮凝flocculation浮洗flotation倾析decantation催化反应catalytical reaction萃取extraction中和neutralization水解hydrolysis过滤filtration干燥drying还原reduction氧化oxidation氢化hydrogenation分解decomposition离解dissociation合成synthetics吸收absorption吸附adsorption解吸desorption结晶crystallization溶解solution调节modulate控制control悬浮suspension循环circulation再生regeneration再活化reactivation沥取leaching破碎crushing煅烧caloination沉降sedimentation沉淀precipitation气化gasification冷冻refrigeration固化、结晶solidification 包装package升华sublimation燃烧combustion引烧ignition蒸馏distillation碳化carbonization压缩compression三、化学物质及特性固体solid液体liquid气体gas化合物compound混合物mixture粉powder片状粉未flake小粒granule结晶crystal乳化物emulsion氧化物oxidizing agent还原剂reducing agent有机物organic material真空vacuum母液master liquor富液rich liquor贫液lean liquor萃出物extract萃余物raffinate絮凝剂flocculants冷冻盐水brine酸度acidity浓度concentration碱度alkalinity溶解度solubility凝固点solidificalion point 沸点boiling point熔点melting point蒸发率evaporation rate 粘度viscosity吸水的water absorbent(a) 无水的anhydrous(a)外观appearance无色的colorless(a)透明的transparent(a)半透明的translucent密度density比重specific gravity催化剂catalyst燃烧combustion引燃ignition自然点self-ignition temperature可燃气体combustible gas可燃液体inflammable liquid易燃液体volatile liquid爆炸混合物explosive mixture爆炸性环境explosive atmosphere(environment) 爆炸极限explosive concentration limit废水waste water废液waste liquid废气off-gas噪声noise pollution成分composition挠度deflection力和力矩force and moment弯矩bending moment应力-应变曲线stress-strain diagram百分比percentage环境温度ambient temperature工作温度operating设计温度design temperature(pressure)相对湿度RH=relative humidity油渣、淤泥sludge杂质impurity四、化工设备泵pump轴流泵axial flow pump真空泵vacuum pump屏蔽泵canned pump柱塞泵plunger pump涡轮泵turbine pump涡流泵vortex pump离心泵centrifugal pump喷射泵jet pump转子泵rotary pump管道泵inline pump双作用往复泵double action reciprocating pump计量泵metering pump深井泵deep well pump齿轮泵gear pump手摇泵hand(wobble) pump螺杆泵screw (spiral) pump潜水泵submersible pump斜转子泵inclined rotor pump封闭式电磁泵hermetically sealed magnetic drive pump 气升泵air-lift-pump轴承bearing叶轮impeller虹吸管siphon高压容器high pressure vessel焚化炉incinerator火焰清除器flame arrester工业炉furnace烧嘴burner锅炉boiler回转窑rotary kiln加热器heater电加热器electric heater 冷却器cooler冷凝器condenser换热器heat exchanger反应器reactor蒸馏釜still搅拌器agitator混合器mixer静态混合器static mixers 管道混合器line mixers 混合槽mixing tanks破碎机crusher磨碎机grinder研磨机pulverizer球磨机ballmill过滤器filter分离器separator干燥器drier翅片fins烟囱stack火炬flare筛子screen煅烧窑calciner倾析器decanter蒸发器evaporator再沸器reboiler萃取器extractor离心机centrifuger吸附（收）器adsorber结晶器crystallizer电解槽electrolyzer电除尘器electric precipitator洗涤器scrubber消石灰器slaker料仓bin料斗hopper加料器feeder增稠器thickener澄清器clarifier分级器classifier浮洗器flocculator废液池sump喷射器ejector喷头sprayer成套设备package unit仪器设备apparatus附属设备accessory旋转式压缩机rotary compressor往复式压缩机reciprocating compressor 水环式压缩机nash compressor螺杆式压缩机helical screw compressor 离心式压缩机centrifugal compressor 多级压缩机mutiple stages compressor 固定床反应器fixed bed reactor流化床反应器fluidized bed reactor管式反应器tubular reactor列管式换热器tubular heat exchanger螺旋板式换热器spiral plate heat exchanger 萃取塔extraction column板式塔plate column填料塔packed column洗涤塔scrubber吸收塔absorber冷却塔cooling tower精馏塔fractionating tower汽提塔stripper再生塔regenerator造粒塔prill tower塔附件tower accessories液体分配（布）器liquid distributor填料支持板support plate定距管spacer降液管downcomer升气管chimney顶(底)层塔盘top (bottom) tray挡板baffle抽出口draw nozzle溢流堰weir泡罩bubble cap筛板sieve plate浮阀float valve除沫器demister pad塔裙座skirt椭圆封头elliptical head高位槽head tank中间槽intermediate tank加料槽feed tank补给槽make-up tank计量槽measuring tank电解槽cell溜槽chute收集槽collecting tank液滴分离器knockout drum稀释罐thinning tank缓冲罐surge drum回流罐reflux drum闪蒸罐flash drum浮顶罐floating roof tank内浮顶罐covered floating roof tank 球罐spheroid气柜gas holder湿式气柜wet gas-holder干式气柜dry gas-holder螺旋式气柜helical gas-holder星型放料器,旋转阀rotary valve抽滤器mutche filter压滤器filter press压滤机pressure filter板框压滤器plate-and-fram filter press 转鼓过滤器rotary drum filter带式过滤器belt filter翻盘式过滤器袋滤器bag filter旋风分离器cyclone separator盘式干燥箱compartment tray drier真空干燥器vacuum drier隧道式干燥器tunnel drier回转干燥器rotary drier穿流循环干燥器through circulation drier 喷雾干燥器spray drier气流干燥器pneumatic conveyor drier圆盘式加料器dish feeder螺旋式加料器screw feeder颚式破碎机jaw crusher回转破碎机gyratory crusher滚洞破碎机roll crusher锤式破碎机hammer crusher冲击破碎机rotor impact breaker气流喷射粉碎机jet pulverizer棍磨机rod mill雷蒙机raymond mill锤磨机hammer mill辊磨机roller mill振动筛vibrating screen回转筛rotary screen风机fan罗茨鼓风机root's blower起重机crane桥式起重机bridge crane电动葫芦motor hoist发电机generator电动机motor汽轮机steam turbine五、管道工程piping engineering1阀门valve阀杆stem内螺纹阀杆inside screw阀座valve seat (body seat)阀座环、密封圈sealing ring阀芯(包括密封圈,杆等) trim阀盘disc阀体body阀盖bonnet手轮hand wheel手柄hand level (handle)压盖gland闸阀gate valve平行双闸板double disc parallel seat楔形单闸板split wedge截止阀globe valve节流阀throttle valve针阀needle valve角阀(角式截止阀) angle valveY 型阀(截止阀) Y-valve(Y-body globe valve) 球阀ball valve三通球阀3-way ball valve蝶阀butterfly valve对夹式(薄片型) wafer type偏心阀板蝶阀offset disc (eccentric) butterfly valve 斜阀盘蝶阀canted disc butterfly valve连杆式蝶阀link butterfly valve止回式蝶阀combined non-return butterfly valve 柱塞阀piston type valve旋塞阀plug valve三通旋塞阀three-way plug valve四通旋塞阀four-way plug valve旋塞cock衬套旋塞sleeve cock隔膜阀diaphragm valve橡胶衬里隔膜阀rubber lined diaphragm valve 直通式隔膜阀straight way diaphragm valve夹紧式胶管阀pinch valve止回阀check valve升降式止回阀lift check valve旋启式止回阀swing check valve落球式止回阀ball check valve弹簧球式止回阀spring ball check valve底阀foot valve切断式止回阀stop check valve活塞式止回阀piston check valve翻板止回阀flap check valve蝶式止回阀butterfly check valve安全泄气阀safety[SV]安全泄放阀relief v alve[RV]安全泄压阀safety relief valve杠杆重锤式lever and weight type罐底排污阀flush-bottom tank valve波纹管密封阀bellow sealed valve电磁阀solenoid (operated) valve电动阀electrically(electric-motor)operated valve 气动阀pneumatic operated valve低温用阀cryogenic service valve蒸汽疏水阀steam trap机械式疏水阀mechanical trap浮桶式疏水阀open (top) bucket trap浮球式疏水阀float trap倒吊桶式疏水阀inverted bucket trap自由浮球式疏水阀loose float trap恒温式疏水阀thermostatic trap压力平衡式恒温疏水阀balanced pressure thermostatic trap 热动力式疏水阀thermodynamic trap脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀impulse steam trap放汽阀(自动放汽阀) (automatic) air vent valve换向阀diverting (reversing) valve呼吸阀breather valve减压阀pressure reducing valve控制阀control valve执行机构actuator差压调节阀differential pressure regulating valve切断阀block (shut-off, stop) valve调节阀regulating valve快开阀quick opening valve快闭阀quick closing valve隔断阀isolating valve三通阀three way valve夹套阀jacketed valve非旋转式阀non-rotary valve2管子,管件,法兰管子pipe( 按标准制造的配管用管)tube( 不按标准规格制造的其它用管)钢管steel pipe铸铁管cast iron pipe衬里管lined pipe复合管clad pipe碳钢管carbon steel[C.S.]pipe合金钢管alloy steel pipe不锈钢管stainless steel[S.S.]pipe奥氏体不锈钢管austenitic stainless steel pipe铁合金钢管ferritic alloy steel pipe轧制钢管wrought-steel pipe锻铁管wrought-iron pipe无缝钢管seamless[SMLS] steel pipe焊接钢管welded steel pipe电阻焊钢管electric-resistance-welded steel pipe电熔(弧)焊钢板卷管electric-fusion(arc)-welded steel-plate pipe 螺旋焊接钢管spiral welded steel pipe镀锌钢管galvanized steel pipe排污阀blowdown valve集液排放阀drip valve排液阀drain valve放空阀vent valve卸载阀unloading valve排出阀discharge valve吸入阀suction valve取样阀sampling valve手动阀hand operated(manually-operated) valve(水)龙头bibb;bib;faucet抽出液阀(小阀) bleed valve旁路阀by-pass valve软管阀hose valve混合阀mixing valve破真空阀vacuum breaker冲洗阀flush valve根部阀root (primary, header) valve水煤气钢管water-gas steel p ipe塑料管plastic pipe玻璃管glass tube橡胶管rubber tube壁厚wall thickness[WT]壁厚系列号schedule number[SCH.NO.]加厚的,加强的extra heavy (strong)双倍加厚的,双倍加强的double extra heavy (strong) 弯头elbow异径弯头reducing elbow长半径弯头long radius elbow短半径弯头short radius elbow长半径180°弯头long radius return短半径180°弯头short radius return三通tee异径三通reducing tee等径三通straight tee带支座三通base tee45°斜三通45° lateralY 型三通true"Y"四通cross异径管reducer同心异径管concentric reducer偏心异径管eccentric reducer管接头coupling;full coupling活接头union短管nipple预制弯管fabricated pipe bendU 型弯管"U"bend法兰端flanged end万向接头universal joint对焊的butt welded[BW]螺纹的threaded[THD]承插焊的socket welded[SW]法兰flange[FLG]整体管法兰integral pipe flange钢管法兰steel pipe flange螺纹法兰threaded flange滑套法兰slip-on flange平焊法兰slip-on-welding flange承插焊法兰socket welding flange松套法兰lap joint flange[LJF]对焊法兰weld neck flange[WNF]法兰盖blind flange;blind异径法兰reducing flange压力级pressure rating(class)突面raised face[RF]凸面male face凹面female face全平面;满平面flat face;full face[FF]3.管道特殊件piping speciality粗滤器strainer过滤器filter临时过滤器temporary strainer(cone type) Y 型过滤器Y-type strainerT 型过滤器T-type strainer永久过滤器permanent filter洗眼器及淋浴器eye washer and shower 视镜sight glass阻火器flame arrester喷咀;喷头spray nozzle喷射器ejector取样冷却器sample cooler消音器silencer膨胀节expansion joint波纹膨胀节bellow补偿器compensator软管接头hose connection[HC] 快速接头quick coupling金属软管metal hose橡胶管rubber hose挠性管flexible tube特殊法兰special flange漏斗funnel 8 字盲板spectacle (figure 8) blind 爆破板rupture disk4,其它材料碳素钢carbon steel [C.S.]不锈钢stainless steel[S.S.]铸铁cast iron[C.I.]铝aluminum铜,紫铜copper钛titanium抗拉强度tensile strength非金属材料non-metallic material 塑料plastic陶瓷ceramic搪瓷porcelain enamel玻璃glass橡胶rubber垫片gasket[GSKT]平垫片flat gasket填料packing型钢shaped steel角钢angle steel槽钢channel工字钢I-beam宽缘工字钢或H 钢wide flanged beam扁钢flat bar圆钢round steel; rod钢带strap steel网络钢板checkered plate材料表bill of material[BOM]材料统计material take-off[MTO]散装材料bulk material综合管道材料表consolidated piping material summary sheet[CPMSS]汇总表summary sheet5.设备布置及管道设计中心线center line装置边界boundary limit[BL]区界area limit设备布置equipment arrangement (layout);plot plan标高,立面elevation[EL]支撑点point of support[POS]工厂北向plant north方位orientation危险区hazardous area classification净正吸入压头net positive suction head绝对标高absolute elevation坐标coordinate管道研究piping study管道布置平面piping arrangement p lan[PAP]管道布置piping assembly; layout详图detail"X"视图view "X""A-A" 剖视section "A-A"轴测图isometric drawing索引图key plan管道及仪表流程图piping and instrument diagram[P&ID] 管口表list of nozzles地上管道above ground piping地下管道under ground piping管线号line number总管header; manifold旁路by pass常开normally open常闭normally closed取样接口sampling connection伴热管tracing pipe蒸汽伴热steam tracing热水伴热hot-water tracing电伴热electrical tracing夹套管jacketed line全夹套管full jacketed比例scale图figure草图sketch 图例legend 符号symbol 件号part n。
常用分析化学专业英语词汇
常用分析化学专业英语词汇absorbance 吸光度absorbent 吸附剂absorption curve 吸收曲线absorption peak 吸收峰absorptivity 吸收系数accident error 偶然误差accuracy 准确度acid-base titration 酸碱滴定acidic effective coefficient 酸效应系数acidic effective curve 酸效应曲线acidity constant 酸度常数activity 活度activity coefficient 活度系数adsorption 吸附adsorption indicator 吸附指示剂affinity 亲和力aging 陈化amorphous precipitate 无定形沉淀amphiprotic solvent 两性溶剂amphoteric substance 两性物质amplification reaction 放大反应analytical balance 分析天平analytical chemistry 分析化学analytical concentration 分析浓度analytical reagent (AR) 分析试剂apparent formation constant 表观形成常数aqueous phase 水相argentimetry 银量法ashing 灰化atomic spectrum 原子光谱autoprotolysis constant 质子自递常数auxochrome group 助色团back extraction 反萃取band spectrum 带状光谱bandwidth 带宽bathochromic shift 红移blank 空白blocking of indicator 指示剂的封闭bromometry 溴量法buffer capacity 缓冲容量buffer solution 缓冲溶液burette 滴定管calconcarboxylic acid 钙指示剂calibrated curve 校准曲线calibration 校准catalyzed reaction 催化反应cerimetry 铈量法charge balance 电荷平衡chelate 螯合物chelate extraction 螯合物萃取chemical analysis 化学分析chemical factor 化学因素chemically pure 化学纯chromatography 色谱法chromophoric group 发色团coefficient of variation 变异系数color reagent 显色剂color transition point 颜色转变点colorimeter 比色计colorimetry 比色法column chromatography 柱色谱complementary color 互补色complex 络合物complexation 络合反应complexometry complexometric titration 络合滴定法complexone 氨羧络合剂concentration constant 浓度常数conditional extraction constant 条件萃取常数conditional formation coefficient 条件形成常数conditional potential 条件电位conditional solubility product 条件溶度积confidence interval 置信区间confidence level 置信水平conjugate acid-base pair 共轭酸碱对constant weight 恒量contamination 沾污continuous extraction 连续萃取continuous spectrum 连续光谱coprecipitation 共沉淀correction 校正correlation coefficient 相关系数crucible 坩埚crystalline precipitate 晶形沉淀cumulative constant 累积常数curdy precipitate 凝乳状沉淀degree of freedom 自由度demasking 解蔽derivative spectrum 导数光谱desiccant; drying agent 干燥剂desiccator 保干器determinate error 可测误差deuterium lamp 氘灯deviation 偏差deviation average 平均偏差dibasic acid 二元酸dichloro fluorescein 二氯荧光黄dichromate titration 重铬酸钾法dielectric constant 介电常数differential spectrophotometry 示差光度法differentiating effect 区分效应dispersion 色散dissociation constant 离解常数distillation 蒸馏distribution coefficient 分配系数distribution diagram 分布图distribution ratio 分配比double beam spectrophotometer 双光束分光光度计dual-pan balance 双盘天平dual-wavelength spectrophotometry 双波长分光光度法electronic balance 电子天平electrophoresis 电泳eluent 淋洗剂end point 终点end point error 终点误差enrichment 富集eosin 曙红equilibrium concentration 平衡浓度equimolar series method 等摩尔系列法Erelenmeyer flask 锥形瓶eriochrome black T (EBT) 铬黑T error 误差ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) 乙二胺四乙酸evaporation dish 蒸发皿exchange capacity 交换容量extent of crosslinking 交联度extraction constant 萃取常数extraction rate 萃取率extraction spectrphotometric method 萃取光度法Fajans method 法杨斯法ferroin 邻二氮菲亚铁离子filter 漏斗filter 滤光片filter paper 滤纸filtration 过滤fluex 溶剂fluorescein 荧光黄flusion 熔融formation constant 形成常数frequency 频率frequency density 频率密度frequency distribution 频率分布gas chromatography (GC) 气相色谱grating 光栅gravimetric factor 重量因素gravimetry 重量分析guarantee reagent (GR) 保证试剂high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) 高效液相色谱histogram 直方图homogeneous precipitation 均相沉淀hydrogen lamp 氢灯hypochromic shift 紫移ignition 灼烧indicator 指示剂induced reaction 诱导反应inert solvent 惰性溶剂instability constant 不稳定常数instrumental analysis 仪器分析intrinsic acidity 固有酸度intrinsic basicity 固有碱度intrinsic solubility 固有溶解度iodimetry 碘滴定法iodine-tungsten lamp 碘钨灯iodometry 滴定碘法ion association extraction 离子缔合物萃取ion chromatography (IC) 离子色谱ion exchange 离子交换ion exchange resin 离子交换树脂ionic strength 离子强度isoabsorptive point 等吸收点Karl Fisher titration 卡尔•费歇尔法Kjeldahl determination 凯氏定氮法Lambert-Beer law 朗泊-比尔定律leveling effect 拉平效应ligand 配位体light source 光源line spectrum 线状光谱linear regression 线性回归liquid chromatography (LC) 液相色谱macro analysis 常量分析masking 掩蔽masking index 掩蔽指数mass balance 物料平衡matallochromic indicator 金属指示剂maximum absorption 最大吸收mean, average 平均值measured value 测量值measuring cylinder 量筒measuring pipette 吸量管median 中位数mercurimetry 汞量法mercury lamp 汞灯mesh [筛]目methyl orange (MO) 甲基橙methyl red (MR) 甲基红micro analysis 微量分析mixed constant 混合常数mixed crystal 混晶mixed indicator 混合指示剂mobile phase 流动相Mohr method 莫尔法molar absorptivity 摩尔吸收系数mole ratio method 摩尔比法molecular spectrum 分子光谱monoacid 一元酸monochromatic color 单色光monochromator 单色器neutral solvent 中性溶剂neutralization 中和non-aqueous titration 非水滴定normal distribution 正态分布occlusion 包藏organic phase 有机相ossification of indicator 指示剂的僵化outlier 离群值oven 烘箱paper chromatography(PC) 纸色谱parallel determination 平行测定path lenth 光程permanganate titration 高锰酸钾法phase ratio 相比phenolphthalein (PP) 酚酞photocell 光电池photoelectric colorimeter 光电比色计photometric titration 光度滴定法photomultiplier 光电倍增管phototube 光电管pipette 移液管polar solvent 极性溶剂polyprotic acid 多元酸population 总体postprecipitation 后沉淀precipitant 沉淀剂precipitation form 沉淀形precipitation titration 沉淀滴定法precision 精密度preconcentration 预富集predominance-area diagram 优势区域图primary standard 基准物质prism 棱镜probability 概率proton 质子proton condition 质子条件protonation 质子化protonation constant 质子化常数purity 纯度qualitative analysis 定性分析quantitative analysis 定量分析quartering 四分法random error 随机误差range 全距(极差)reagent blank 试剂空白Reagent bottle 试剂瓶recording spectrophotometer 自动记录式分光光度计recovery 回收率redox indicator 氧化还原指示剂redox titration 氧化还原滴定referee analysis 仲裁分析reference level 参考水平reference material (RM) 标准物质reference solution 参比溶液relative error 相对误差resolution 分辨力rider 游码routine analysis 常规分析sample 样本,样品sampling 取样self indicator 自身指示剂semimicro analysis 半微量分析separation 分离separation factor 分离因数side reaction coefficient 副反应系数significance test 显著性检验significant figure 有效数字simultaneous determination of multiponents 多组分同时测定single beam spectrophotometer 单光束分光光度计single-pan balance 单盘天平slit 狭缝sodium diphenylamine sulfonate 二苯胺磺酸钠solubility product 溶度积solvent extraction 溶剂萃取species 型体(物种)specific extinction coefficient 比消光系数spectral analysis 光谱分析spectrophotometer 分光光度计spectrophotometry 分光光度法stability constant 稳定常数standard curve 标准曲线standard deviation 标准偏差standard potential 标准电位standard series method 标准系列法standard solution 标准溶液standardization 标定starch 淀粉stationary phase 固定相steam bath 蒸气浴stepwise stability constant 逐级稳定常数stoichiometric point 化学计量点structure analysis 结构分析supersaturation 过饱和systematic error 系统误差test solution 试液thermodynamic constant 热力学常数thin layer chromatography (TLC) 薄层色谱titrand 被滴物titrant 滴定剂titration 滴定titration constant 滴定常数titration curve 滴定曲线titration error 滴定误差titration index 滴定指数titration jump 滴定突跃titrimetry 滴定分析trace analysis 痕量分析transition interval 变色间隔transmittance 透射比tri acid 三元酸true value 真值tungsten lamp 钨灯ultratrace analysis 超痕量分析UV-VIS spectrophotometry 紫外-可见分光光度法volatilization 挥发Volhard method 福尔哈德法volumetric flask 容量瓶volumetry 容量分析Wash bottle 洗瓶washings 洗液water bath 水浴weighing bottle 称量瓶weighting form 称量形weights 砝码working curve 工作曲线xylenol orange (XO) 二甲酚橙zero level 零水平异步处理dispatch_async(dispatch_get_glo bal_queue(0, 0), ^{// 处理耗时操作的代码块... [self test1];//通知主线程刷新dispatch_async(dispatch_get_mai n_queue(), ^{//或者说是通知主线程刷新，NSLog(............);});。
常用化学名词-化学专业英语
AppendixTable 1. Names of Chemical ElementsAtomic Number Symbol Element (English)Element (Chinese) 1H Hydrogen氢2He Helium氦3Li Lithium锂4Be Beryllium铍5B Boron硼6C Carbon碳7N Nitrogen氮8O Oxygen氧9F Fluorine氟10Ne Neon氖11Na Sodium钠12Mg Magnesium镁13Al Alumin(i)um铝14Si Silicon硅15P Phosphorous磷16S Sulfur硫17Cl Chlorine氯18Ar Argon氩19K Potassium钾20Ca Calcium钙21Sc Scandium钪22Ti Titanium钛23V Vanadium钒24Cr Chromium铬25Mn Manganese锰26Fe Iron铁27Co Cobalt钴28Ni Nickel镍29Cu Copper铜30Zn Zinc锌31Ga Gallium镓32Ge Germanium锗33As Arsenic砷34Se Selenium硒35Br Bromine溴36Kr Krypton氪37Rb Rubidium铷38Sr Strontium锶39Y Yttrium钇40Zr Zirconium锆41Nb Niobium铌42Mo Molybdenum钼43Tc Techetium锝44Ru Ruthenium钌45Rh Rhodium铑46Pd Palladium钯47Ag Silver银48Cd Cadmium镉49In Indium铟50Sn Tin锡51Sb Antimony锑52Te Tellurium碲53I Iodine碘54Xe Xenon氙55Cs Cesium铯56Ba Barium钡57La Lathanum镧58Ce Cerium铈59Pr Praseodymium镨60Nd Neodymium钕61Pm Promethium钷62Sm Samarium钐63Eu Europium铕64Gd Gadolinium钆65Tb Terbium铽66Dy Dysprosium镝67Ho Holmium钬68Er Erbium铒69Tm Thulium铥70Yb Ytterbium镱71Lu Lutetium镥72Hf Hafnium铪73Ta Tantalum钽74W Tungsten钨75Re Rhenium铼76Os Osmium锇77Ir Iridium铱78Pt Platinum铂79Au Gold金80Hg Mercury汞81Tl Thallium铊82Pb Lead铅83Bi Bismuth铋84Po Polonium钋85At Astatine砹86Rn Radon氡87Fr Francium钫88Ra Radium镭89Ac Actinium锕90Th Thorium钍91Pa Protactinium镤92U Uranium铀93Np Neptunium镎94Pu Plutonium钚95Am Americium镅96Cm Curium锔97Bk Berkelium锫98Cf Californium锎99Es Einsteinium锿100Fm Fermium镄101Md Mendelevium钔102No Nobelium锘103Lw Lawrencium铹104Rf Rutherfordium钅卢105Db Dubnium钅杜106Sg Seaborgium钅喜107Bh Bohrium钅波108Hs Hassium钅黑109Mt Meitnerium钅麦110Ds Darmstadtium钅达111Rg Roentgenium钅仑112Uub Ununbium113Uut Ununtrium114Uuq Ununquadium115Uup Ununpentium116Uuh UnunhexiumTable 2. SI Base UnitsBase Quantity Name of Unit Symbol length meter mmass kilogram kgtime second s electrical current ampere Atemperature kelvin K amount of substance mole mol luminous intensity candela cdTable 3. Derived SI UnitsPhysical Quantity Name of Unit Symbol Definition Area square meter m2Volume cubic meter m3Density kilogram per cubic meter kg/m3Force Newton N kg⋅m/s2Pressure pascal Pa N/m2Energy joule J kg⋅m2/s2 Electric charge coulomb C A⋅s Electric potential difference volt V J/(A⋅s)Table 4. Prefixes Used with SI UnitsPrefix Symbol Meaning Exampleyotta-Y1024 1 yottameter (Ym) = 1 ⨯ 1024 m zetta-Z1021 1 zettameter (Zm) = 1 ⨯ 1021 m exa-E1018 1 exameter (Em) = 1 ⨯ 1018 m prta-P1015 1 prtameter (Pm) = 1 ⨯ 1015 m tetra-T1012 1 tetrameter (Tm) = 1 ⨯ 1012 m giga-G109 1 gigameter (Gm) = 1 ⨯ 109 m mega-M106 1 megameter (Mm) = 1 ⨯ 106 m kilo-k103 1 kilometer (km) = 1 ⨯ 103 m deci-d10-1 1 decimeter (dm) = 1 ⨯ 10-1 m centi-c10-2 1 centimeter (cm) = 1 ⨯ 10-2 m milli-m10-3 1 millimeter (mm) = 1 ⨯ 10-3 m micro-μ10-6 1 micrometer (μm) = 1 ⨯ 10-6 m nano-n10-9 1 nanometer (nm) = 1 ⨯ 10-9 m pico-p10-12 1 picometer (pm) = 1 ⨯ 10-12 m femto f10-15 1 femtometer (fm) = 1 ⨯ 10-15 m atto a10-18 1 attometer (am) = 1 ⨯ 10-18 m zepto z10-21 1 zeptometer (zm) = 1 ⨯ 10-21 m yocto y10-24 1 yoctometer (ym) = 1 ⨯ 10-24 mTable 5. Common Functional Groups and Derivative of Alkanes General Formula Class of Compound ExamplesFunctionalGroupF, Cl, Br, I RF, RCl, RBr, RI haloalkane CH3CH2Cl, chloroethaneOH ROH alcohol CH3CH2OH, ethanolOR'ROR'ether(CH3CH2)2O, diethyl etherNH2+RNH2(primary) amine CH3CH2NH2, ethylamine-CHO RCHO aldehyde CH3CHO, ethanal (acetaldehyde) CO RCOR'ketone CH3COCH2, propanone (acetone) CO2H RCO2H carboxylic acid CH3CO2H, ethanoic acid (acetic acid) CO2R RCO2R ester CH3CO2CH3, methyl acetate CONH2RCONH2amide CH3CONH2, acetamideTable 6. Names of Common Substituents Formula Name Formula Name-CH3methyl-NH2amino-C2H5ethyl-D deuterio-CH2CH2CH31-propyl (n-propyl)-Cl chloro-CH(CH3)22-propyl (isopropyl or sec-propyl))-Br bromo-C(CH3)3tertiary-butyl (tert-butyl)-F fluoro-CH=CH2ethenyl (vinyl)-CN cyano-C6H5phenyl-NO2nitro-OH hydroxylTable 7. Some Common AcidsAcid Acid Name Acid Acid nameHClO4Perchloric acid HCO2H Formic acidHClO Hypochlorous acid CH3CO2H Acetic acidHCl Hydrochloric acid CH3CH2COOH Propanoic acidHF Hydrofluoric acid C6H5CO2H Benzoic acidH2SO4Sulfuric acid HO2CCO2H Oxalic acidH2SO3Sulfurous acid CH3CH(OH)CO2H Lactic acidHNO3Nitric acid(HO)C(CO2H)(CH2CO2H)2Citric acidH3PO4Phosphoric acidHNO2Nitrous acidHCN Hydrocyanic acidTable 8. Selected Hydrocarbons of the Alkane Family Molecular Formula NameCH4methaneC2H6ethaneC3H8propaneC4H10butaneC5H12 (pent- = 5)pentaneC6H14 (hex- = 6)hexaneC7H16 (hept- = 7)heptaneC8H18 (oct- = 8)octaneC9H20 (non- = 9)nonaneC10H22 (dec- = 10)decaneC11H24undecaneC12H26dodecaneC13H28 (tri- = 3)tridecaneC14H30 (tetra- = 4)tetradecaneC15H32pentadecaneC16H34hexadecneC17H36heptadecaneC18H38 (octadec- = 18)octadecaneC19H40nonadecaneC20H42 (eicos- = 20)eicosaneC21H44 heneicosaneC22H46docosaneC23H48tricosaneC24H50tetracosaneC25H52pentacosaneC26H54hexacosaneC27H56heptacosaneC28H58octacosaneC29H60nonacosaneC30H62triacontaneC31H64 hentriacontaneC32H66dotriacontaneC33H68tritriacontaneC34H70tetratriacontaneC35H72pentatriacontaneC36H74hexatriacontaneC37H76heptatriacontaneC38H78octatriacontaneC39H80nonatriacontaneC40H82tetracontaneC41H84 hentetracontaneC42H86dotetracontaneC43H88tritetracontaneC44H90tetratetracontaneC45H92pentatetracontane(continued)C46H94hexatetracontaneC47H96heptatetracontaneC48H98octatetracontaneC49H100nonatetracontaneC50H102pentacontaneC51H104 henpentacontaneC52H106dopentacontaneC53H108tripentacontaneC54H110tetrapentacontaneC55H112pentapentacontaneC56H114hexapentacontaneC57H116heptapentacontaneC58H118octapentacontaneC59H120nonapentacontaneC60H122hexacontaneTable 9. Commonly Used Prefixes and Suffixes in Chemistry1词头附加意义例词anti-反，抗，对，阻，减anticatalystanticancerantibiotics反催化剂抗癌剂抗菌素，抗生素aqu-水aquaticaqueous 水的水性的bi-两个，双，联biphenyl联苯bromo-溴代bromoethane溴乙烷com-共，联合composition组成chloro-氯代chloroacetic acid氯乙酸cis-顺cis-form顺式de-去除，脱decompositiondebrominatedeaquation 分解脱溴脱水di-二，重dichloridedioxidedibasic aciddichromic acid 二氯化物二氧化物二元酸重铬酸dis-分开，除去disappearappeardissociation 消失出现离解（作用）fluoro-氟代fluoro-acid氟代酸hemi-半hemicolloid半胶体hepta-七，庚hepta-tomic七原子的，七元的hexa-六hexavalence六价的hydro-水hydrometerhydroushydrolysis 液体比重计含水的水解作用hypo-次，低hypochlorous acidhypochloritehypotension 次氯酸次氯酸盐低血压im-不，无impermeable不可渗透的in-inactiveinorganic 不活泼的无机的inter-相互，在……之间interchange变换ir-不，无irreversible不可逆的iso-异，同，等isobutaneisoelectronicisotopeisopoly-acid 异丁烷等电子的同位素同多酸meta-偏metaphosphoric acidmetaboric acid 偏磷酸偏硼酸mono-一monohydrate一水合物multi-多multi-componentmultilayer 多组分的多层，多分子层non-非，不，无，防non-metalnonflammablenoncorrodible 非金属不燃的防腐蚀的octa-八，辛octahedron八面体ortho-原，正(ortho)silicic acid原硅酸penta-五，戊dinitrogen pentaoxide五氧化二氮per-过，高peroxideperchloric acid 过氧化物高氯酸peroxy-过氧peroxydisulfuric acid过（氧）二硫酸photo-光，感光的photochemistryphotic 光化学感光的poly-聚，多polyethylenepolysulfide 聚乙烯多硫化物pre-预，前preheatpreconditioning 预热预处理pyro-焦pyrosulfuric acid焦硫酸re-重，复，再生reactivatorreactivate 再生器再活化thio-硫代thio-acidthiosulfate 硫代酸硫代硫酸trans-反式，起，改变transition lawtrans-isomer 转变（定）律反式异构体tri-三tri-iron tetroxide四氧化三铁un-无，非，不undampeduncatalyzedunequal 无阻尼的非催化的不相等的-ic具有某种性质的特征atomic原子的-al experimental实验的-ous fibrous纤维(状)的-ive active活泼的-ent different不同的-less不具有某种特征colourless无色的-or表示人或物indicator指示剂-er oxidizer氧化剂-ate使separate使分离(continued)-fy purify使纯化-en harden使硬-ic某酸hydrochloric acidsulfuric acidnitric acidchloric acid 盐酸硫酸硝酸氯酸-ate某酸某potassium sulfatecopper nitrate 硫酸钾硝酸铜-ide某化某sodium chloridehydroxide 氯化钠氢氧化物-ous亚某酸nitrous acidsulfurous acidphosphorous acidchromous acid 亚硝酸亚硫酸亚磷酸亚铬酸-ite亚某酸盐nitritesodium sulfidestannite 亚硝酸银亚硫酸钠亚锡酸盐Reference1．《英汉双语化学入门》, 申泮文编著，北京，清华大学出版社，2005。
化学专业英语词汇常用前后缀1
化学专业英语词汇常用前后缀-acetal 醛缩醇acetal- 乙酰acid 酸-al 醛-alcohol 醇-aldehyde 醛alkali- 碱allyl 丙烯基alkoxy- 烷氧基-amide 酰胺-amide 酰胺amino- 氨基的-amidine 脒-amine 胺-ane 烷anhydride 酐anilino- 苯胺基aquo- 含水的-ase 酶-ate 含氧酸的盐、酯-atriyne 三炔azo- 偶氮benzene 苯bi- 在盐类前表示酸式盐bis- 双-borane 硼烷bromo- 溴butyl 丁基-carbinol 甲醇carbonyl 羰基-caboxylic acid 羧酸centi- 10-2chloro- 氯代chloro- 氯代cis- 顺式condensed 缩合的、冷凝的cyclo- 环deca- 十deci- 1/10di- 二-dine 啶dodeca- 十二-ene 烯epi- 表epoxy- 环氧-ester 酯-ether 醚ethoxy- 乙氧基ethyl 乙基fluoro- 氟代form 仿-glycol 二醇hemi- 半hendeca- 十一hepta- 七heptadeca- 十七hexa- 六hexadeca- 十六-hydrin 醇hydro- 氢或水hydroxyl 羟基hypo- 低级的，次-ic 酸的，高价金属-ide 无氧酸的盐，酰替胺，酐-il 偶酰-imine 亚胺iodo- 碘代iso- 异，等，同-ite 亚酸盐keto- 酮ketone 酮-lactone 内酯mega- 106meta- 间，偏methoxy- 甲氧基methyl 甲基micro- 10-6milli- 10-3mono- ( mon-) 一，单nano- 10-9nitro- 硝基nitroso- 亚硝基nona- 九nonadeca- 十九octa- 八octadeca- 十八-oic 酸的-ol 醇-one 酮ortho- 邻，正，原-ous 亚酸的，低价金属oxa- 氧杂-oxide 氧化合物-oxime 肟oxo- 酮oxy- 氧化-oyl 酰para- 对位，仲penta- 五pentadeca- 十五per- 高，过petro- 石油phenol 苯酚phenyl 苯基pico- 10-12poly- 聚，多quadri- 四quinque- 五semi- 半septi- 七sesqui 一个半sexi- 六sulfa- 磺胺sym- 对称syn- 顺式，同，共ter- 三tetra- 四tetradeca- 十四tetrakis- 四个thio- 硫代trans- 反式，超，跨tri- 三thio- 硫代trans- 反式，超，跨tri- 三trideca- 十三tris- 三个undeca- 十一uni- 单，一unsym- 不对称的，偏位-yl 基-ylene 撑(二价基，价在不同原子上)-yne 炔化学英语词汇Bunsen burner 本生灯product 反应产物flask 烧瓶apparatus 设备PH indicator PH值指示剂，氢离子（浓度的）负指数指示剂matrass 卵形瓶litmus 石蕊litmus paper 石蕊试纸graduate, graduated flask 量筒，量杯reagent 试剂test tube 试管burette 滴定管retort 曲颈甑still 蒸馏釜cupel 烤钵crucible pot, melting pot 坩埚pipette 吸液管filter滤管stirring rod 搅拌棒丙酮：acetone异丙醇：isopropyl alcohol叔戊醇：amylene alcohol杂质：impurity水分：water content moisture content ;watercontent ;watercontent硅烷：silicane苯甲腈：cyanobenzene 丙烷基, 丙基propyl氰基胍, 二聚氨基氰dicyandiamide物理化学英语词汇BET公式BET formulaDLVO理论DLVO theory HLB法hydrophile-lipophile balance methodpVT性质pVT propertyζ电势zeta potential阿伏加德罗常数Avogadro’number阿伏加德罗定律Avogadro law阿累尼乌斯电离理论Arrhenius ionization theory阿累尼乌斯方程Arrhenius equation阿累尼乌斯活化能Arrhenius activation energy阿马格定律Amagat law艾林方程Erying equation 爱因斯坦光化当量定律Einstein’s law of photochemical equivalence爱因斯坦－斯托克斯方程Einstein-Stokes equation安托万常数Antoine constant 安托万方程Antoine equation 盎萨格电导理论Onsager’s theory of conductance半电池half cell半衰期half time period饱和液体saturated liquids饱和蒸气saturated vapor饱和吸附量saturated extent of adsorption饱和蒸气压saturated vapor pressure爆炸界限explosion limits比表面功specific surface work 比表面吉布斯函数specific surface Gibbs function比浓粘度reduced viscosity标准电动势standard electromotive force标准电极电势standard electrode potential标准摩尔反应焓standard molar reaction enthalpy标准摩尔反应吉布斯函数standard Gibbs function of molar reaction标准摩尔反应熵standard molar reaction entropy标准摩尔焓函数standard molar enthalpy function标准摩尔吉布斯自由能函数standard molar Gibbs free energy function标准摩尔燃烧焓standard molar combustion enthalpy 标准摩尔熵standard molar entropy标准摩尔生成焓standard molar formation enthalpy标准摩尔生成吉布斯函数standard molar formation Gibbs function标准平衡常数standard equilibrium constant标准氢电极standard hydrogen electrode标准态standard state标准熵standard entropy标准压力standard pressure标准状况standard condition表观活化能apparent activation energy表观摩尔质量apparent molecular weight表观迁移数apparent transference number表面surfaces表面过程控制surface process control表面活性剂surfactants表面吸附量surface excess表面张力surface tension表面质量作用定律surface mass action law波义尔定律Boyle law波义尔温度Boyle temperature 波义尔点Boyle point玻尔兹曼常数Boltzmann constant玻尔兹曼分布Boltzmann distribution玻尔兹曼公式Boltzmann formula玻尔兹曼熵定理Boltzmann entropy theorem玻色－爱因斯坦统计Bose-Einstein statistics泊Poise不可逆过程irreversible process不可逆过程热力学thermodynamics of irreversible processes不可逆相变化irreversible phase change布朗运动brownian movement 查理定律Charle’s law产率yield敞开系统open system超电势over potential沉降sedimentation沉降电势sedimentation potential沉降平衡sedimentation equilibrium触变thixotropy粗分散系统thick disperse system催化剂catalyst单分子层吸附理论mono molecule layer adsorption单分子反应unimolecular reaction单链反应straight chain reactions弹式量热计bomb calorimeter 道尔顿定律Dalton law道尔顿分压定律Dalton partial pressure law德拜和法尔肯哈根效应Debye and Falkenhagen effect德拜立方公式Debye cubic formula德拜－休克尔极限公式Debye-Huckel’s limiting equation 等焓过程isenthalpic process 等焓线isenthalpic line等几率定理theorem of equal probability等温等容位Helmholtz free energy等温等压位Gibbs free energy 等温方程equation at constant temperature低共熔点eutectic point低共熔混合物eutectic mixture 低会溶点lower consolute point低熔冰盐合晶cryohydric第二类永动机perpetual machine of the second kind第三定律熵third-law entropy 第一类永动机perpetual machine of the first kind缔合化学吸附association chemical adsorption电池常数cell constant电池电动势electromotive force of cells电池反应cell reaction电导conductance电导率conductivity电动势的温度系数temperature coefficient of electromotive force电动电势zeta potential电功electric work电化学electrochemistry电化学极化electrochemical polarization电极电势electrode potential 电极反应reactions on the electrode电极种类type of electrodes 电解池electrolytic cell电量计coulometer电流效率current efficiency电迁移electro migration电迁移率electromobility电渗electroosmosis电渗析electrodialysis电泳electrophoresis丁达尔效应Dyndall effect 定容摩尔热容molar heat capacity under constant volume 定容温度计Constant voIume thermometer 定压摩尔热容molar heat capacity under constant pressure 定压温度计constant pressure thermometer定域子系统localized particle system动力学方程kinetic equations 动力学控制kinetics control 独立子系统independent particle system对比摩尔体积reduced mole volume对比体积reduced volume对比温度reduced temperature 对比压力reduced pressure对称数symmetry number对行反应reversible reactions 对应状态原理principle of corresponding state多方过程polytropic process多分子层吸附理论adsorption theory of multi-molecular layers二级反应second order reaction 二级相变second order phase change法拉第常数faraday constant 法拉第定律Faraday’s law反电动势back E.M.F.反渗透reverse osmosis反应分子数molecularity反应级数reaction orders反应进度extent of reaction 反应热heat of reaction反应速率rate of reaction反应速率常数constant of reaction rate范德华常数van der Waals constant范德华方程van der Waals equation范德华力van der Waals force 范德华气体van der Waals gases范特霍夫方程van’t Hoff equation范特霍夫规则van’t Hoff rule 范特霍夫渗透压公式van’t Hoff equation of osmotic pressure 非基元反应non-elementary reactions非体积功non-volume work非依时计量学反应time independent stoichiometric reactions菲克扩散第一定律Fick’s first law of diffusion沸点boiling point沸点升高elevation of boiling point费米－狄拉克统计Fermi-Dirac statistics分布distribution分布数distribution numbers分解电压decomposition voltage分配定律distribution law分散系统disperse system分散相dispersion phase分体积partial volume分体积定律partial volume law 分压partial pressure分压定律partial pressure law 分子反应力学mechanics of molecular reactions分子间力intermolecular force 分子蒸馏molecular distillation 封闭系统closed system附加压力excess pressure弗罗因德利希吸附经验式Freundlich empirical formula of adsorption负极negative pole负吸附negative adsorption复合反应composite reaction 盖·吕萨克定律Gay-Lussac law盖斯定律Hess law甘汞电极calomel electrode 感胶离子序lyotropic series 杠杆规则lever rule高分子溶液macromolecular solution高会溶点upper consolute point隔离法the isolation method格罗塞斯－德雷珀定律Grotthus-Draoer’s law隔离系统isolated system根均方速率root-mean-square speed功work功函work content共轭溶液conjugate solution 共沸温度azeotropic temperature构型熵configurational entropy 孤立系统isolated system固溶胶solid sol固态混合物solid solution固相线solid phase line光反应photoreaction光化学第二定律the second law of actinochemistry光化学第一定律the first law of actinochemistry光敏反应photosensitized reactions光谱熵spectrum entropy 广度性质extensive property 广延量extensive quantity广延性质extensive property 规定熵stipulated entropy过饱和溶液oversaturated solution过饱和蒸气oversaturated vapor过程process过渡状态理论transition state theory过冷水super-cooled water过冷液体overcooled liquid 过热液体overheated liquid 亥姆霍兹函数Helmholtz function亥姆霍兹函数判据Helmholtz function criterion亥姆霍兹自由能Helmholtz free energy亥氏函数Helmholtz function 焓enthalpy亨利常数Henry constant亨利定律Henry law恒沸混合物constant boiling mixture恒容摩尔热容molar heat capacity at constant volume恒容热heat at constant volume 恒外压constant external pressure恒压摩尔热容molar heat capacity at constant pressure恒压热heat at constant pressure 化学动力学chemical kinetics 化学反应计量式stoichiometric equation of chemical reaction化学反应计量系数stoichiometric coefficient of chemical reaction化学反应进度extent of chemical reaction化学亲合势chemical affinity 化学热力学chemical thermodynamics化学势chemical potential化学势判据chemical potential criterion化学吸附chemisorptions环境environment环境熵变entropy change in environment挥发度volatility混合熵entropy of mixing混合物mixture活度activity活化控制activation control 活化络合物理论activated complex theory活化能activation energy霍根-华森图Hougen-Watson Chart基态能级energy level at ground state基希霍夫公式Kirchhoff formula基元反应elementary reactions 积分溶解热integration heat of dissolution吉布斯－杜亥姆方程Gibbs-Duhem equation吉布斯－亥姆霍兹方程Gibbs-Helmhotz equation吉布斯函数Gibbs function吉布斯函数判据Gibbs function criterion吉布斯吸附公式Gibbs adsorption formula吉布斯自由能Gibbs freeenergy吉氏函数Gibbs function极化电极电势polarization potential of electrode极化曲线polarization curves 极化作用polarization极限摩尔电导率limiting molar conductivity几率因子steric factor计量式stoichiometric equation 计量系数stoichiometric coefficient价数规则rule of valence简并度degeneracy键焓bond enthalpy胶冻broth jelly胶核colloidal nucleus胶凝作用demulsification胶束micelle胶体colloid胶体分散系统dispersion system of colloid 胶体化学collochemistry胶体粒子colloidal particles 胶团micelle焦耳Joule焦耳-汤姆生实验Joule-Thomson experiment焦耳-汤姆生系数Joule-Thomson coefficient焦耳-汤姆生效应Joule-Thomson effect焦耳定律Joule`s law接触电势contact potential接触角contact angle节流过程throttling process 节流膨胀throttling expansion 节流膨胀系数coefficient of throttling expansion结线tie line结晶热heat of crystallization 解离化学吸附dissociation chemical adsorption界面interfaces界面张力surface tension浸湿immersion wetting浸湿功immersion wetting work精馏rectify聚（合）电解质polyelectrolyte 聚沉coagulation聚沉值coagulation value绝对反应速率理论absolute reaction rate theory绝对熵absolute entropy绝对温标absolute temperature scale绝热过程adiabatic process绝热量热计adiabatic calorimeter绝热指数adiabatic index卡诺定理Carnot theorem卡诺循环Carnot cycle开尔文公式Kelvin formula柯诺瓦洛夫－吉布斯定律Konovalov-Gibbs law 科尔劳施离子独立运动定律Kohlrausch’s Law of Independent Migration of Ions可能的电解质potential electrolyte可逆电池reversible cell可逆过程reversible process可逆过程方程reversible process equation可逆体积功reversible volume work可逆相变reversible phase change克拉佩龙方程Clapeyron equation克劳修斯不等式Clausius inequality克劳修斯－克拉佩龙方程Clausius-Clapeyron equation控制步骤control step库仑计coulometer扩散控制diffusion controlled拉普拉斯方程Laplace’s equation拉乌尔定律Raoult law兰格缪尔－欣谢尔伍德机理Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism兰格缪尔吸附等温式Langmuir adsorption isotherm formula雷利公式Rayleigh equation 冷冻系数coefficient of refrigeration冷却曲线cooling curve离解热heat of dissociation离解压力dissociation pressure 离域子系统non-localized particle systems离子的标准摩尔生成焓standard molar formation of ion 离子的电迁移率mobility of ions 离子的迁移数transport number of ions 离子独立运动定律law of the independent migration of ions离子氛ionic atmosphere离子强度ionic strength理想混合物perfect mixture 理想气体ideal gas接触电势contact potential接触角contact angle节流过程throttling process 节流膨胀throttling expansion 节流膨胀系数coefficient of throttling expansion结线tie line结晶热heat of crystallization 解离化学吸附dissociation chemical adsorption界面interfaces界面张力surface tension浸湿immersion wetting浸湿功immersion wetting work精馏rectify聚（合）电解质polyelectrolyte 聚沉coagulation聚沉值coagulation value绝对反应速率理论absolute reaction rate theory绝对熵absolute entropy绝对温标absolute temperature scale绝热过程adiabatic process绝热量热计adiabatic calorimeter绝热指数adiabatic index卡诺定理Carnot theorem卡诺循环Carnot cycle开尔文公式Kelvin formula柯诺瓦洛夫－吉布斯定律Konovalov-Gibbs law科尔劳施离子独立运动定律Kohlrausch’s Law of Independent Migration of Ions可能的电解质potential electroly 可逆电池reversible cell可逆过程reversible process可逆过程方程reversible process equation可逆体积功reversible volume work可逆相变reversible phase change克拉佩龙方程Clapeyron equation克劳修斯不等式Clausius inequality克劳修斯－克拉佩龙方程Clausius-Clapeyron equation控制步骤control step库仑计coulometer扩散控制diffusion controlled 拉普拉斯方程Laplace’s equation拉乌尔定律Raoult law兰格缪尔－欣谢尔伍德机理Langmuir-Hinshelwoodmechanism兰格缪尔吸附等温式Langmuir adsorption isotherm formula雷利公式Rayleigh equation 冷冻系数coefficient of refrigeration冷却曲线cooling curve离解热heat of dissociation离解压力dissociation pressure 离域子系统non-localized particle systems离子的标准摩尔生成焓standard molar formation of ion 离子的电迁移率mobility of ions离子的迁移数transport number of ions离子独立运动定律law of the independent migration of ions离子氛ionic atmosphere离子强度ionic strength 理想混合物perfect mixture理想气体ideal gas理想气体的绝热指数adiabatic index of ideal gases理想气体的微观模型micro-model of ideal gas理想气体反应的等温方程isothermal equation of ideal gaseous reactions理想气体绝热可逆过程方程adiabatic reversible process equation of ideal gases理想气体状态方程state equation of ideal gas理想稀溶液ideal dilute solution理想液态混合物perfect liquid mixture粒子particles粒子的配分函数partition function of particles连串反应consecutive reactions链的传递物chain carrier链反应chain reactions量热熵calorimetric entropy 量子统计quantum statistics 量子效率quantum yield临界参数critical parameter 临界常数critical constant临界点critical point临界胶束浓度critical micelle concentration临界摩尔体积critical molar volume临界温度critical temperature 临界压力critical pressure临界状态critical state零级反应zero order reaction 流动电势streaming potential 流动功flow work笼罩效应cage effect路易斯－兰德尔逸度规则Lewis-Randall rule of fugacity 露点dew point 露点线dew point line麦克斯韦关系式Maxwell relations麦克斯韦速率分布Maxwell distribution of speeds麦克斯韦能量分布MaxwelIdistribution of energy 毛细管凝结condensation in capillary毛细现象capillary phenomena米凯利斯常数Michaelis constant摩尔电导率molar conductivity摩尔反应焓molar reaction enthalpy摩尔混合熵mole entropy of mixing摩尔气体常数molar gas constant摩尔热容molar heat capacity摩尔溶解焓mole dissolution enthalpy摩尔稀释焓mole dilution enthalpy内扩散控制internal diffusions control内能internal energy内压力internal pressure能级energy levels能级分布energy level distribution能量均分原理principle of the equipartition of energy能斯特方程Nernst equation 能斯特热定理Nernst heat theorem凝固点freezing point凝固点降低lowering of freezing point凝固点曲线freezing point curve凝胶gelatin 凝聚态condensed state凝聚相condensed phase浓差超电势concentration over-potential浓差极化concentration polarization浓差电池concentration cells 帕斯卡pascal泡点bubble point泡点线bubble point line配分函数partition function 配分函数的析因子性质property that partition function to be expressed as a product of the separate partition functions for each kind of state碰撞截面collision cross section碰撞数the number of collisions偏摩尔量partial mole quantities平衡常数（理想气体反应）equilibrium constants for reactions of ideal gases平动配分函数partition function of translation平衡分布equilibrium distribution平衡态equilibrium state平衡态近似法equilibrium state approximation平衡状态图equilibrium state diagram平均活度mean activity平均活度系统mean activity coefficient平均摩尔热容mean molar heat capacity平均质量摩尔浓度mean mass molarity平均自由程mean free path平行反应parallel reactions破乳demulsification 铺展spreading普遍化范德华方程universal van der Waals equation其它功the other work气化热heat of vaporization气溶胶aerosol气体常数gas constant气体分子运动论kinetic theory of gases气体分子运动论的基本方程foundamental equation of kinetic theory of gases气溶胶aerosol气相线vapor line迁移数transport number潜热latent heat强度量intensive quantity强度性质intensive property亲液溶胶hydrophilic sol氢电极hydrogen electrodes区域熔化zone melting热heat热爆炸heat explosion热泵heat pump热功当量mechanical equivalent of heat热函heat content热化学thermochemistry热化学方程thermochemical equation热机heat engine热机效率efficiency of heat engine热力学thermodynamics热力学第二定律the second law of thermodynamics热力学第三定律the third law of thermodynamics热力学第一定律the first law of thermodynamics热力学基本方程fundamental equation of thermodynamics热力学几率thermodynamic probability 热力学能thermodynamic energy热力学特性函数characteristic thermodynamic function热力学温标thermodynamic scale of temperature热力学温度thermodynamic temperature热熵thermal entropy热效应heat effect熔点曲线melting point curve 熔化热heat of fusion溶胶colloidal sol溶解焓dissolution enthalpy 溶液solution溶胀swelling乳化剂emulsifier乳状液emulsion润湿wetting润湿角wetting angle萨克尔－泰特洛德方程Sackur-Tetrode equation三相点triple point三相平衡线triple-phase line 熵entropy熵判据entropy criterion熵增原理principle of entropy increase渗透压osmotic pressure渗析法dialytic process生成反应formation reaction 升华热heat of sublimation实际气体real gas舒尔采－哈迪规则Schulze-Hardy rule松驰力relaxation force松驰时间time of relaxation速度常数reaction rate constant 速率方程rate equations速率控制步骤rate determining step塔费尔公式Tafel equation态－态反应state-state reactions 唐南平衡Donnan equilibrium 淌度mobility特鲁顿规则Trouton rule特性粘度intrinsic viscosity 体积功volume work统计权重statistical weight统计热力学statistic thermodynamics统计熵statistic entropy途径path途径函数path function外扩散控制external diffusion control完美晶体perfect crystalline 完全气体perfect gas微观状态microstate微态microstate韦斯顿标准电池Weston standard battery维恩效应Wien effect维里方程virial equation维里系数virial coefficient稳流过程steady flow process 稳态近似法stationary state approximation无热溶液athermal solution无限稀溶液solutions in the limit of extreme dilution物理化学Physical Chemistry 物理吸附physisorptions吸附adsorption吸附等量线adsorption isostere 吸附等温线adsorption isotherm吸附等压线adsorption isobar 吸附剂adsorbent吸附量extent of adsorption吸附热heat of adsorption吸附质adsorbate析出电势evolution or deposition potential析因子性质property that partition function to be expressed as a product of the separate partition functions for each kind of state稀溶液的依数性colligative properties of dilute solutions稀释焓dilution enthalpy系统system系统点system point系统的环境environment of system相phase相变phase change相变焓enthalpy of phase change相变化phase change相变热heat of phase change 相点phase point相对挥发度relative volatility 相对粘度relative viscosity相律phase rule相平衡热容heat capacity in phase equilibrium相图phase diagram相倚子系统system of dependent particles悬浮液suspension循环过程cyclic process压力商pressure quotient压缩因子compressibility factor压缩因子图diagram of compressibility factor亚稳状态metastable state盐桥salt bridge盐析salting out阳极anode杨氏方程Young’s equation液体接界电势liquid junction potential液相线liquid phase lines一级反应first order reaction一级相变first order phase change依时计量学反应time dependent stoichiometric reactions 逸度fugacity逸度系数coefficient of fugacity阴极cathode荧光fluorescence永动机perpetual motion machine永久气体Permanent gas有效能available energy原电池primary cell原盐效应salt effect增比粘度specific viscosity憎液溶胶lyophobic sol沾湿adhesional wetting沾湿功the work of adhesional wetting真溶液true solution真实电解质real electrolyte真实气体real gas真实迁移数true transference number振动配分函数partitionfunction of vibration振动特征温度characteristic temperature of vibration蒸气压下降depression of vapor pressure正常沸点normal point正吸附positive adsorption支链反应branched chain reactions直链反应straight chain reactions指前因子pre-exponential factor质量作用定律mass action law 制冷系数coefficient of refrigeration中和热heat of neutralization 轴功shaft work转动配分函数partition function of rotation转动特征温度characteristic temperature of vibration 转化率convert ratio转化温度conversion temperature状态state状态方程state equation状态分布state distribution状态函数state function准静态过程quasi-static process 准一级反应pseudo first order reaction自动催化作用auto-catalysis 自由度degree of freedom自由度数number of degree of freedom自由焓free enthalpy自由能free energy自由膨胀free expansion组分数component number最低恒沸点lower azeotropic point最高恒沸点upper azeotropic point最佳反应温度optimal reaction temperature最可几分布most probabledistribution最可几速率most基础化学常用英语词汇1. The Ideal-Gas Equation 理想气体状态方程2. Partial Pressures 分压3. Real Gases: Deviation from Ideal Behavior 真实气体：对理想气体行为的偏离4. The van der Waals Equation 范德华方程5. System and Surroundings 系统与环境6. State and State Functions 状态与状态函数7. Process 过程8. Phase 相9. The First Law of Thermodynamics 热力学第一定律10. Heat and Work 热与功11. Endothermic and Exothermic Processes 吸热与发热过程12. Enthalpies of Reactions 反应热13. Hess’s Law 盖斯定律14. Enthalpies of Formation 生成焓15. Reaction Rates 反应速率16. Reaction Order 反应级数17. Rate Constants 速率常数18. Activation Energy 活化能19. The Arrhenius Equation 阿累尼乌斯方程20. Reaction Mechanisms 反应机理21. Homogeneous Catalysis 均相催化剂22. Heterogeneous Catalysis 非均相催化剂23. Enzymes 酶24. The Equilibrium Constant 平衡常数25. the Direction of Reaction 反应方向26. Le Chatelier’s Principle 列·沙特列原理27. Effects of V olume, Pressure, Temperature Changes and Catalystsi. 体积，压力，温度变化以及催化剂的影响28. Spontaneous Processes 自发过程29. Entropy (Standard Entropy)熵（标准熵）30. The Second Law of Thermodynamics 热力学第二定律31. Entropy Changes 熵变32. Standard Free-Energy Changes 标准自由能变33. Acid-Bases 酸碱34. The Dissociation of Water 水离解35. The Proton in Water 水合质子36. The pH Scales pH值37. Bronsted-Lowry Acids and Bases Bronsted-Lowry 酸和碱38. Proton-Transfer Reactions 质子转移反应39. Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs 共轭酸碱对40. Relative Strength of Acids and Bases 酸碱的相对强度41. Lewis Acids and Bases 路易斯酸碱42. Hydrolysis of Metal Ions 金属离子的水解43. Buffer Solutions 缓冲溶液44. The Common-Ion Effects 同离子效应45. Buffer Capacity 缓冲容量46. Formation of Complex Ions 配离子的形成47. Solubility 溶解度48. The Solubility-Product Constant Ksp 溶度积常数49. Precipitation and separation of Ions 离子的沉淀与分离50. Selective Precipitation of Ions 离子的选择沉淀51. Oxidation-Reduction Reactions 氧化还原反应52. Oxidation Number 氧化数53. BalancingOxidation-Reduction Equations 氧化还原反应方程的配平54. Half-Reaction 半反应55. Galvani Cell 原电池56. V oltaic Cell 伏特电池57. Cell EMF 电池电动势58. Standard Electrode Potentials 标准电极电势59. Oxidizing and Reducing Agents 氧化剂和还原剂60. The Nernst Equation 能斯特方程61. Electrolysis 电解62. The Wave Behavior of Electrons 电子的波动性63. Bohr’s Model of The Hydrogen Atom 氢原子的波尔模型64. Line Spectra 线光谱65. Quantum Numbers 量子数66. Electron Spin 电子自旋67. Atomic Orbital 原子轨道68. The s (p, d, f) Orbital s（p，d，f）轨道69. Many-Electron Atoms 多电子原子70. Energies of Orbital 轨道能量71. The Pauli Exclusion Principle 泡林不相容原理72. Electron Configurations 电子构型73. The Periodic Table 周期表74. Row 行75. Group 族76. Isotopes, Atomic Numbers, and Mass Numbers 同位素，原子数，质量数77. Periodic Properties of the Elements 元素的周期律78. Radius of Atoms 原子半径79. Ionization Energy 电离能80. Electronegativity 电负性81. Effective Nuclear Charge 有效核电荷82. Electron Affinities 亲电性83. Metals 金属84. Nonmetals 非金属85. Valence Bond Theory 价键理论86. Covalence Bond 共价键87. Orbital Overlap 轨道重叠88. Multiple Bonds 重键89. Hybrid Orbital 杂化轨道90. The VSEPR Model 价层电子对互斥理论91. Molecular Geometries 分子空间构型92. Molecular Orbital 分子轨道93. Diatomic Molecules 双原子分子94. Bond Length 键长95. Bond Order 键级96. Bond Angles 键角97. Bond Enthalpies 键能98. Bond Polarity 键矩99. Dipole Moments 偶极矩100. Polarity Molecules 极性分子101. Polyatomic Molecules 多原子分子102. Crystal Structure 晶体结构103. Non-Crystal 非晶体104. Close Packing of Spheres 球密堆积105. Metallic Solids 金属晶体106. Metallic Bond 金属键107. Alloys 合金108. Ionic Solids 离子晶体109. Ion-Dipole Forces 离子偶极力110. Molecular Forces 分子间力111. Intermolecular Forces 分子间作用力112. Hydrogen Bonding 氢键113. Covalent-Network Solids 原子晶体114. Compounds 化合物115. The Nomenclature, Composition and Structure of Complexes 配合物的命名，组成和结构116. Charges, Coordination Numbers, and Geometries 电荷数、配位数、及几何构型117. Chelates 螯合物118. Isomerism 异构现象119. Structural Isomerism 结构异构120. Stereoisomerism 立体异构121. Magnetism 磁性122. Electron Configurations in Octahedral Complexes 八面体构型配合物的电子分布123. Tetrahedral andSquare-planar Complexes 四面体和平面四边形配合物124. General Characteristics 共性125. s-Block Elements s区元素126. Alkali Metals 碱金属127. Alkaline Earth Metals 碱土金属128. Hydrides 氢化物129. Oxides 氧化物130. Peroxides and Superoxides过氧化物和超氧化物131. Hydroxides 氢氧化物132. Salts 盐133. p-Block Elements p区元素134. Boron Group (Boron, Aluminium, Gallium, Indium, Thallium) 硼族（硼，铝，镓，铟，铊）135. Borane 硼烷136. Carbon Group (Carbon, Silicon, Germanium, Tin, Lead)碳族（碳，硅，锗，锡，铅）137. Graphite, Carbon Monoxide, Carbon Dioxide 石墨，一氧化碳，二氧化碳138. Carbonic Acid, Carbonates and Carbides 碳酸，碳酸盐，碳化物139. Occurrence and Preparationof Silicon 硅的存在和制备140. Silicic Acid，Silicates 硅酸，硅酸盐141. Nitrogen Group (Phosphorus, Arsenic, Antimony, and Bismuth) 氮族（磷，砷，锑，铋）142. Ammonia, Nitric Acid, Phosphoric Acid 氨，硝酸，磷酸143. Phosphorates, phosphorus Halides 磷酸盐，卤化磷144. Oxygen Group (Oxygen, Sulfur, Selenium, and Tellurium) 氧族元素（氧，硫，硒，碲）145. Ozone, Hydrogen Peroxide臭氧，过氧化氢146. Sulfides 硫化物147. Halogens (Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine) 卤素（氟，氯，溴，碘）148. Halides, Chloride 卤化物，氯化物149. The Noble Gases 稀有气体150. Noble-Gas Compounds 稀有气体化合物151. d-Block elements d区元素152. Transition Metals 过渡金属153. Potassium Dichromate 重铬酸钾154. Potassium Permanganate 高锰酸钾155. Iron Copper Zinc Mercury 铁，铜，锌，汞156. f-Block Elements f区元素157. Lanthanides 镧系元素158. Radioactivity 放射性159. Nuclear Chemistry 核化学160. Nuclear Fission 核裂变161. Nuclear Fusion 核聚变162. analytical chemistry 分析化学163. qualitative analysis 定性分析164. quantitative analysis 定量分析165. chemical analysis 化学分析166. instrumental analysis 仪器分析167. titrimetry 滴定分析168. gravimetric analysis 重量分析法169. regent 试剂170. chromatographic analysis 色谱分析171. product 产物172. electrochemical analysis 电化学分析173. on-line analysis 在线分析174. macro analysis 常量分析175. characteristic 表征176. micro analysis 微量分析177. deformation analysis 形态分析178. semimicro analysis 半微量分析179. systematical error 系统误差180. routine analysis 常规分析181. random error 偶然误差182. arbitration analysis 仲裁分析183. gross error 过失误差184. normal distribution 正态分布185. accuracy 准确度186. deviation偏差187. precision 精密度188. relative standard deviation 相对标准偏差（RSD）189. coefficient variation 变异系数（CV）190. confidence level 置信水平191. confidence interval 置信区间192. significant test 显著性检验193. significant figure有效数字194. standard solution 标准溶液195. titration 滴定196. stoichiometric point化学计量点197. end point 滴定终点198. titration error 滴定误差199. primary standard 基准物质200. amount of substance 物质的量201. standardization 标定202. chemical reaction 化学反应203. concentration 浓度204. chemical equilibrium 化学平衡205. titer 滴定度206. general equation for a chemical reaction化学反应的通式207. proton theory of acid-base 酸碱质子理论208. acid-base titration 酸碱滴定法209. dissociation constant 解离常数210. conjugate acid-base pair 共轭酸碱对211. acetic acid 乙酸。
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Chemical nomenclature 化学命名法Chemical symbol 化学符号International Union of Pure and Applied Chemists (IUPAC) 国际纯粹与应用化学联合会Commission on the Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry (CNIC) 无机化学命名法委员会Carbon ['kɑːb(ə)n] n 碳Sulfur ['sʌlfə] n 硫Iron ['aiən] / ferrum ['ferəm] n 铁Copper ['kɔpə] n 铜Silver ['silvə] / Argentum [ɑː'dʒentəm] n 银Tin [tin] / Stannum ['stænəm] n 锡Platinum ['plætinəm] n 铂Gold [gəuld] / Aurum ['ɔːrəm] n 金Mercury ['mɜːkjəri] /Hydrargyrum [hai'drɑːdʒirəm] n 汞Lead [liːd] / Plumbum ['plʌmbəm] n 铅Chlorine ['klɔːriːn] n 氯Chromium ['krəumiəm] n 铬Rubidium [ru'bidiəm] n 铷Rhodium ['rəudiəm] n 铑Indium ['indiəm] n 铟Iodine ['aiədiːn; -ain; -in] n 碘Caesium ['siːziəm] n 铯Iridium [i'ridiəm; ai-] n 铱Thallium ['θæl iəm] n 铊Hydrogen ['haidrədʒ(ə)n] n 氢Nitrogen ['naitrədʒ(ə)n] n 氮Oxygen ['ɔksidʒ(ə)n] n 氧Phosphorus ['fɔsf(ə)rəs] n 磷Zinc [ziŋk] n 锌Fluorine ['fluəriːn; 'flɔː-] n 氟Bromine ['brəumiːn] n 溴Antimony ['æntiməni] / Stibium ['stibiəm] n 锑Osmium ['ɔzmiəm] n 锇Helium ['hiːliəm] n 氦Selenium [si'liːniəm] n 硒Palladium [pə'leidiəm] n 钯Tellurium [te'ljuəriəm] n碲Cerium ['siəriəm] n铈Uranium [ju'reiniəm] n铀Neptunium [nep'tjuːniəm] n镎Plutonium [pluː'təuniəm] n钚Titanium [tai'teiniəm; ti-] n 钛Vanadium [və'neidiəm] n 钒Cobalt ['kəubɔːlt; -ɔlt] n 钴Nickel ['nik(ə)l] n 镍Arsenic ['ɑːs(ə)n ik] n 砷Niobium [nai'əubiəm] n 铌Promethium [prə'miːθiəm] n钷Tantalum ['tæntələm] n 钽Wolfram ['wulfrəm] / Tungsten ['tʌŋst(ə)n] n 钨Thorium ['θɔːriəm] n钍Curium ['kjuəriəm] n锔Einsteinium [ain'stainiəm] n锿Fermium ['fɜːmiəm] n镄Mendelevium [,mendə'liːviəm; -'leiviəm] n钔Nobelium [nə(u)'biːliəm; -'bel-] n 锘Lawrencium [lɔ'rensiəm] n铹Rutherfordium [,rʌðə'fɔːdiəm] n钅卢，鈩Seaborgium钅喜Bohrium ['bəuəriəm] n 铍Meitnerium ['maitnəriəm] n钅麦Roentgenium钅仑Copernicium 鎶Magnesium [mæg'niːziəm] n 镁Manganese ['mæŋgəniːz] n 锰Strontium ['strɔntiəm; 'strɔnʃ(i)əm] n 锶Cadmium ['kædmiəm] n 铬Yttrium ['itriəm] n 钇Erbium ['ɜːbiəm] n铒Terbium ['tɜːbiəm] n铽Ytterbium [i'tɜːbiəm] n镱Holmium ['həulmiəm] n钬Thulium ['θ(j)uːliəm] n铥Scandium ['skændiəm] n钪Gallium ['gæliəm] n 镓Germanium [dʒɜː'meiniəm] n锗Ruthenium [ru'θiːniəm] n钌Europium [ju(ə)r'əupiəm] n铕Lutetium [luː'tiːʃiəm; -siəm] n镥Hafnium ['hæfniəm] n铪Rhenium ['riːniəm] n铼Polonium [pə'ləuniəm] n钋Francium ['frænsiəm] n钫Americium [,æmə'risjəm] n镅Berkelium [bɜː'kiːliəm; 'bɜːkliəm] n锫Californium [,kæli'fɔːniəm] n锎Dubnium ['duːbniəm] n钅杜Hassium ['hæsiəm] n钅黑Darmstadtium 鐽Beryllium [bə'riliəm] n铍Boron ['bɔːrɔn] n 硼Sodium ['səudiəm] n 钠Aluminium [æl(j)u'miniəm] n 铝Silicon ['silik(ə)n] n 硅Potassium [pə'tæsiəm] n 钾Calcium ['kælsiəm] n 钙Zirconium [zɜː'kəuniəm] n锆Molybdenum [mə'libdənəm] n钼Barium ['beəriəm] n 钡Samarium [sə'meəriəm] n钐Gadolinium [,gædə'liniəm] n 钆Lithium ['liθiəm] n 锂Technetium [tek'niːʃiəm] n 锝Lanthanum ['lænθənəm] n镧Praseodymium [,preiziə(u)'dimiəm] n镨Dysprosium [dis'prəuziəm] n镝Bismuth ['bizməθ] n铋Astatine ['æstətiːn] n砹Radium ['reidiəm] n镭Actinium [æk'tiniəm] n锕Protactinium [,prəutæk'tiniəm] n镤Neon ['niːɔn] n氖Argon ['ɑːgɔn] n 氩Krypton ['kriptɔn] n 氪Xenon ['zenɔn; 'ziː-] n氙Radon ['reidɔn] n氡Unnilquadium [,ju:nil'kwɔdiəm] n 104号元素Unnilpentium [,ju:nil'pentiəm] n 105号元素Unnilhexium [,ju:nil'heksiəm] n 106号元素Unnilseptium [,juːnil'septiəm] n 107号元素Unniloctium [,ju:ni'lɔktiəm] n 108号元素Unnilennium [,ju:ni'leniəm] n 109号元素Ununnilium n 110号元素Unununium n 111号元素Ununbium n 112号元素Ununtrium n 113号元素Ununquadium n 114号元素Ununpentium n 115号元素Ununhexium n 116号元素Ununseptium n 117号元素Ununoctium n 118号元素Alkali metal 碱金属Alkaline earth metal 碱土金属Pnicogen 碳族元素Chalcogen 氧族元素Halogen 卤族元素Noble gas 稀有气体Lanthanoid 镧系元素Actinoid 锕系元素Rare earth element 稀土元素Transition metal 过渡金属Pnictide ['niktaid] n 碳族化合物Chalcogenide ['kælkədʒənaid] n 氧族化合物Halogenide ['hælədʒinaid] / halide ['heilaid] n 卤化物Isotope ['aisətəup] n同位素Deuterium [djuː'tiəriəm] n氘Tritium ['tritiəm] n氚Polyatomic [,pɑliə'tɑmik] n 多原子的Ammonium [ə'məuniəm] n 铵Oxoanion n 含氧阴离子Sulfate ['sʌlfeit] n 硫酸根Sulfite ['sʌlfait] n亚硫酸根Nitrate ['naitreit] n 硝酸根Nitrite ['naitrait] n 亚硝酸根Isopolyacid 同多酸Thioacid 硫代酸Base [beis] 碱Hydrate ['haidreit] 水合物Coordination complex 络合物Ligand ['lig(ə)nd] n 配体Coordination number 配位数Monodentate 单齿配体Bidentate [bai'denteit] n 双齿配体Polydentate 多齿配体chelate ['kiːleit] n 螯合物Linear ['liniə] n 线性的Square planar 平面正方形的Tetrahedral [,tetrə'hiːdrəl] adj 四面体的Octahedral [,ɑktə'hidrəl] adj 八面体的Trigonal bipyramidal 三角双锥的。