真实条件状语从句与非真实条件状语从句

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if引导的非真实性条件状语从句即虚拟语气

if引导的非真实性条件状语从句即虚拟语气

if 引导的非真实性条件状语从句即虚拟语气通过动词形式的变化来表示说话人对发生的动作或存在的状态所持的态度或看法的动词形式称为语气。

.英语中的语气分三种:陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气。

虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实,而是一种祝愿,建议,与事实相反的假设或实际可能性不大的情况等(即非真实的假设)。

If 引导的条件状语从句分为真实和非真实条件句(虚拟条件句)。

真实条件句表示在假设的条件下,有可能实现的情况。

非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况,故采用虚拟语气。

If he does n’t hurry up, he will miss the bus.( 真实条件状语)If he was free, he asked me to tell stories.(真实条件状语)If I were you, I would go at once.(非真实条件状语从句)If there was no air, people would die.(非真实条件状语从句)1)非真实条件句中虚拟语气的基本形式。

假设类型条件从句的动词结果主句的动词与现在事实相反动词过去式(be只用were)would/should/could/might + 动词原形与过去事实相反had+过去分词would/should/could/might + have + 过去分词与将来事实相反动词过去式/(should/were to)+动词原形would/should/could/might + 动词原形①与现在事实相反If I had time, I would go for a walk.如果我有时间,我就会去散步。

(实际情况:我现在没有时间,也不会去散步。

)If I were you, I would take an umbrella.假如我是你的话,我会带上雨伞。

(事实上我不可能是你。

)I would say no if someone asked me to be in a movie.假如有人请我当电影演员,我会表示拒绝。

if引导的非真实性条件状语从句即虚拟语气(最新整理)

if引导的非真实性条件状语从句即虚拟语气(最新整理)

if 引导的非真实性条件状语从句即虚拟语气通过动词形式的变化来表示说话人对发生的动作或存在的状态所持的态度或看法的动词形式称为语气。

.英语中的语气分三种:陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气。

虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实,而是一种祝愿,建议,与事实相反的假设或实际可能性不大的情况等(即非真实的假设)。

If 引导的条件状语从句分为真实和非真实条件句(虚拟条件句)。

真实条件句表示在假设的条件下,有可能实现的情况。

非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况,故采用虚拟语气。

If he doesn’t hurry up, he will miss the bus.( 真实条件状语)If he was free, he asked me to tell stories.(真实条件状语)If I were you, I would go at once.(非真实条件状语从句)If there was no air, people would die.(非真实条件状语从句)1)非真实条件句中虚拟语气的基本形式。

假设类型条件从句的动词结果主句的动词与现在事实相反动词过去式(be只用were)would/should/could/might + 动词原形与过去事实相反had+过去分词would/should/could/might + have + 过去分词与将来事实相反动词过去式/(should/were to)+动词原形would/should/could/might + 动词原形①与现在事实相反If I had time, I would go for a walk.如果我有时间,我就会去散步。

(实际情况:我现在没有时间,也不会去散步。

)If I were you, I would take an umbrella.假如我是你的话,我会带上雨伞。

(事实上我不可能是你。

)I would say no if someone asked me to be in a movie.假如有人请我当电影演员,我会表示拒绝。

(完整版)if引导的非真实性条件状语从句即虚拟语气

(完整版)if引导的非真实性条件状语从句即虚拟语气

if 引导的非真实性条件状语从句即虚拟语气通过动词形式的变化来表示说话人对发生的动作或存在的状态所持的态度或看法的动词形式称为语气。

.英语中的语气分三种:陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气。

虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实,而是一种祝愿,建议,与事实相反的假设或实际可能性不大的情况等(即非真实的假设)。

If 引导的条件状语从句分为真实和非真实条件句(虚拟条件句)。

真实条件句表示在假设的条件下,有可能实现的情况。

非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况,故采用虚拟语气。

If he does n’t hurry up, he will miss the bus.( 真实条件状语)If he was free, he asked me to tell stories.(真实条件状语)If I were you, I would go at once.(非真实条件状语从句)If there was no air, people would die.(非真实条件状语从句)1)非真实条件句中虚拟语气的基本形式。

假设类型条件从句的动词结果主句的动词与现在事实相反动词过去式(be只用were)would/should/could/might + 动词原形与过去事实相反had+过去分词would/should/could/might + have + 过去分词与将来事实相反动词过去式/(should/were to)+动词原形would/should/could/might + 动词原形①与现在事实相反If I had time, I would go for a walk.如果我有时间,我就会去散步。

(实际情况:我现在没有时间,也不会去散步。

)If I were you, I would take an umbrella.假如我是你的话,我会带上雨伞。

(事实上我不可能是你。

)I would say no if someone asked me to be in a movie.假如有人请我当电影演员,我会表示拒绝。

高考英语语法必考考点(12)状语从句(含解析)

高考英语语法必考考点(12)状语从句(含解析)

2019年高考英语语法必考考点(12):状语从句含解析李仕才【考点解读】在复合句中,修饰主句或主句谓语的句子叫作状语从句。

状语从句可位于主句之前,也可位于主句之后。

状语从句可分为时间、地点、原因、结果、条件、方式、让步、比较和目的等九大类。

一、状语从句引导词列表从句类型从属连词时间状语从句as, after, before, once, since, till, until, when, whenever, while, as soon as地点状语从句where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere原因状语从句because, since, as, now (that), seeing that, considering that, in that 结果状语从句that, so that, so/such ...that ...目的状语从句so that, in order that, for fear that, in case, for the purpose that条件状语从句if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that, in case, provided that 比较状语从句than, as ...as, not so/as ...as方式状语从句as, as if/though, how让步状语从句though, although, even if/though, however, whatever, as, while【点睛】(1)上述有些连词除了能引导状语从句外,还可引导定语从句和名词性从句。

在使用的时候,要根据句子结构和句意来判别和区分不同的从句,正确使用引导词。

以where为例,试比较下列多种从句的区别。

You are to find it where you left it. (地点状语从句)Tell me the address where he lives. (定语从句,先行词为the address)I don’t know where he came from. (宾语从句)Where he has gone is not known yet. (主语从句)This place is where they once hid. (表语从句)(2)在两个分句间要有一个且只有一个连词,千万不能按汉语习惯。

if-引导的非真实性条件状语从句-即-虚拟语气

if-引导的非真实性条件状语从句-即-虚拟语气

if 引导的非真实性条件状语从句即虚拟语气通过动词形式的变化来表示说话人对发生的动作或存在的状态所持的态度或看法的动词形式称为语气。

.英语中的语气分三种:陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气。

虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实,而是一种祝愿,建议,与事实相反的假设或实际可能性不大的情况等(即非真实的假设)。

If 引导的条件状语从句分为真实和非真实条件句(虚拟条件句)。

真实条件句表示在假设的条件下,有可能实现的情况。

非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况,故采用虚拟语气。

If he does n’t hurry up, he will miss the bus.( 真实条件状语)If he was free, he asked me to tell stories.(真实条件状语)If I were you, I would go at once.(非真实条件状语从句)If there was no air, people would die.(非真实条件状语从句)1)非真实条件句中虚拟语气的基本形式。

假设类型条件从句的动词结果主句的动词与现在事实相反动词过去式(be只用were)would/should/could/might + 动词原形与过去事实相反had+过去分词would/should/could/might + have + 过去分词与将来事实相反动词过去式/(should/were to)+动词原形would/should/could/might + 动词原形①与现在事实相反If I had time, I would go for a walk.如果我有时间,我就会去散步。

(实际情况:我现在没有时间,也不会去散步。

)If I were you, I would take an umbrella.假如我是你的话,我会带上雨伞。

(事实上我不可能是你。

)I would say no if someone asked me to be in a movie.假如有人请我当电影演员,我会表示拒绝。

高中英语虚拟语气句型

高中英语虚拟语气句型

常见的虚拟语气句型1.if条件句条件状语从句可分为真实条件句,即条件满足,事实就发生的情况;和非真实条件句,即与事实相反或难以实现的假设情况。

虚拟语气的基本句型,即是这If I had got up early, I wouldn’t have been late.If I were to do it, I should do it at once.【说明】①在非正式英语中,条件从句中的第一、第三人称单数主语后可用was代替were。

If I was you, I would accept the invitation.②主句中的would可用于各种人称,而should只用于第一人称。

③在主句中也可用情态动词could,might代替would,should。

If I had had enough time, I might have done it better.④条件从句中的谓语动词含有were,had,should时,可以省略从属连接词if,然后采用倒装结构,把were,had,should移到主语前面。

Should you pass this way, do drop in for a visit.= If you should pass this way,……Had I known it, I wouldn’t had made such a silly mistake.= If I had known it,……Were it left to me to decide whether I should have a job immediately or go on to study at college, I wouldn’t hesitate a moment to choose the latter.= If it were left to me to decide……..⑤在同一个句子中不能一部分表示真实条件,另一部分表示非真实条件。

初中英语中的条件句与虚拟条件句用法

初中英语中的条件句与虚拟条件句用法在初中英语的学习中,条件句和虚拟条件句是非常重要的语法点。

理解并正确运用这两种句型,对于提高我们的英语语言能力和表达准确性有着至关重要的作用。

首先,我们来了解一下条件句。

条件句通常由两部分组成,即条件状语从句和主句。

根据条件的可能性,条件句可以分为真实条件句和非真实条件句。

真实条件句表示的是一种很有可能实现的条件和结果。

比如,“If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home”(如果明天下雨,我就待在家里。

)在这个句子中,“it rains tomorrow”是条件状语从句,“I will stay at home”是主句。

这里假设的“明天下雨”是有可能发生的情况。

真实条件句中,从句和主句的时态有一定的规则。

当条件状语从句是一般现在时的时候,主句通常用一般将来时、祈使句或者含有情态动词的句子。

接下来,我们看看非真实条件句,也就是虚拟条件句。

虚拟条件句表示的是与事实相反或者不太可能实现的假设。

比如,“If I were you, I would study harder”(如果我是你,我会更努力学习。

)这里“我是你”是与事实相反的假设。

虚拟条件句有三种情况,分别是与现在事实相反、与过去事实相反以及与将来事实相反。

与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句,从句用一般过去时(be 动词用were),主句用“would / could / should / might +动词原形”。

例如:“If I had enough money now, I would buy a new car”(如果我现在有足够的钱,我会买一辆新车。

)但实际上“我现在没有足够的钱”。

与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句,从句用过去完成时,主句用“would/ could / should / might + have +过去分词”。

比如:“If you had come earlier, you would have caught the bus”(如果你来得早一点,你就赶上公交车了。

if 引导的非真实性条件状语从句 即 虚拟语气

if 引导的非真实性条件状语从句即虚拟语气通过动词形式的变化来表示说话人对发生的动作或存在的状态所持的态度或看法的动词形式称为语气。

.英语中的语气分三种:陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气。

虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实,而是一种祝愿,建议,与事实相反的假设或实际可能性不大的情况等(即非真实的假设)。

If 引导的条件状语从句分为真实和非真实条件句(虚拟条件句)。

真实条件句表示在假设的条件下,有可能实现的情况。

非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况,故采用虚拟语气。

If he does n’t hurry up, he will miss the bus.( 真实条件状语)If he was free, he asked me to tell stories.(真实条件状语)If I were you, I would go at once.(非真实条件状语从句)If there was no air, people would die.(非真实条件状语从句)1)非真实条件句中虚拟语气的基本形式。

假设类型条件从句的动词结果主句的动词与现在事实相反动词过去式(be只用were)would/should/could/might + 动词原形与过去事实相反had+过去分词would/should/could/might + have + 过去分词与将来事实相反动词过去式/(should/were to)+动词原形would/should/could/might + 动词原形①与现在事实相反If I had time, I would go for a walk.如果我有时间,我就会去散步。

(实际情况:我现在没有时间,也不会去散步。

)If I were you, I would take an umbrella.假如我是你的话,我会带上雨伞。

(事实上我不可能是你。

)I would say no if someone asked me to be in a movie.假如有人请我当电影演员,我会表示拒绝。

if引导的非真实性条件状语从句即虚拟语气(可编辑修改word版)

if 引导的非真实性条件状语从句即虚拟语气通过动词形式的变化来表示说话人对发生的动作或存在的状态所持的态度或看法的动词形式称为语气。

.英语中的语气分三种:陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气。

虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实,而是一种祝愿,建议,与事实相反的假设或实际可能性不大的情况等(即非真实的假设)。

If 引导的条件状语从句分为真实和非真实条件句(虚拟条件句)。

真实条件句表示在假设的条件下,有可能实现的情况。

非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况,故采用虚拟语气。

If he doesn’t hurry up, he will miss the bus.( 真实条件状语)If he was free, he asked me to tell stories.(真实条件状语)If I were you, I would go at once.(非真实条件状语从句)If there was no air, people would die.(非真实条件状语从句)1)非真实条件句中虚拟语气的基本形式。

假设类型条件从句的动词结果主句的动词与现在事实相反动词过去式(be 只用were)would/should/could/might + 动词原形与过去事实相反had+过去分词would/should/could/might +have + 过去分词与将来事实相反动词过去式/(should/were to)+动词原形wo u l d/s h o u l d/c o u l d/m i g h t + 动词原形①与现在事实相反If I had time, I would go for a walk.如果我有时间,我就会去散步。

(实际情况:我现在没有时间,也不会去散步。

)If I were you, I would take an umbrella.假如我是你的话,我会带上雨伞。

(事实上我不可能是你。

)I would say no if someone asked me to be in a movie.假如有人请我当电影演员,我会表示拒绝。

if引导的条件句 与 虚拟语气 的 区别

if引导的条件句与虚拟语气的区别if引导的从句什么时候用虚拟语气最佳答案if引导的条件状语从句的分类及虚拟条件句的判断1、可以把条件句分为两类:1).真实条件句(Sentences of Real Condition):凡是假设的情况发生性可能很大,就是真实条件句。

例如:⑴、If I have time , I will help you with this work.如果我有时间会帮助你做此工作的。

⑵、As long as I say anything wrong, you must point it out.只要我说了什么错话,你一定要指出来。

⑶、If time permits, we'll go fishing together.(如果有时间的话,我们就一起去钓鱼。

)2).虚拟条件句(Sentences of Unreal Condition):当假设是不大可能实现时,就是虚拟条件句。

例如:⑴、If I were you , I would have attended the meeting. 如果我是你的话,就去参加会议了。

⑵、If he had come here yesterday, he would have seen his old friend.假如他昨天来这儿的话,就会看见他的老朋友。

⑴、If it had rained yesterday, we would have stayed at home.(如果昨天下雨的话,我们就会留在家里。

)2、.if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。

只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。

通过句子意思,看假设的条件是否能够实现,能够实现是真实条件句,不能使用虚拟语气;假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气。

判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。

通常有三种情况:①与过去事实相反。

②与现在事实相反。

③与将来事实可能相反。

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真实条件状语从句与非真实条件状语从句 eg . If he doesn ' t hurry up, he will miss the bus. 女口果他不快点,

他将错过巴士。(真实条件状语)(不是虚拟语气) If he is free, he will ask me to tell stories. 如果他是空闲的,

他会要求我讲故事。(真实条件状语)(不是虚拟语气) If I were you, I would go at o nee. 如果我是你,我马上就会去。

(非真实条件状语从句) If there were no air, people would die. 女口果没有空气,人就会

死亡。(非真实条件状语从句) 用法及动词形式 1、表示与现在事实相反的情况:

if+ 主语 + 过去时 + 其他 + 主语 +should/would/could/might+do+ 其他

例: 1.If I were you, I would take an umbrella. 如果我是你,我会带

把伞。(事实:我不可能是你) 2.If I knew his teleph one nu mber, I would tell you. 女口果我知

道他的电话号码,我就会告诉你。(事实:不知道) 3.lf there were no air or water, there would be no livi ng

thi ngs on the earth. 如果没有水和空气,地球上就不会有生物。 (事实:

地球上既有空气也有水) 4.If I had any money with me, I could lend you some. 女口果我带

钱了,我就会借给你些。(事实:没带钱) 5.If he studied harder, he might pass the exam. 女口果他再努力

些, 就能通过考试了。(事实:没有努力 2、表示与过去事实相反的情况 if+ 主语 +had done + 其他 + 主语 +should/would/could/might+have done+ 其

他 例: 1. If I had got there earlier, I should/could have met her.

如果我早到那儿,我就会见到她。(事实:去晚了) 2.If he had take n my advice, he would not have made such a mistake.如果他听我的劝告的话,就不会犯这样的错误了。(事实:没有 听我的话)

3、表示对将来情况的主观推测

① if+ 主语 +were to do+sth.+ 主语 +should/would/could/might+do+ 其他 ② if+ 主语 +did/be(were)+sth.+ 主语 +should/would/could/might+do+ 其他 ③ if+ 主语 +should+do+sth.+ 主语 +should/would/could/might+do+ 其他 例: 1.If he should come here tomorrow, I should/would talk to him.

如果他哪天来这儿的话,我就跟他谈谈。 (事实:来的可能性很小) 2.lf there were a heavy snow n ext Sun day, we would not go skati ng. 如果下

周日下大雪,我们就不能去滑冰了。(事实:不知能否下 雪) 3.If she were to be there n ext Mon day, I would tell her about the matter. 如果

她下周一来这儿的话,我就会告诉她这件事的始末。 在表示建议、命令、要求等含义的 宾语从句,谓语动词常用虚拟语气, "should +动词原形"构成,should 可省略。

4、 有时,虚拟条件句中,结果主句和条件从句的谓语动作若不是同时

发生时,虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整 。 ① 从句的动作与过去事实相反,而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的 事实不符。如: If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engin eer, too. 如果我在学校学习

刻苦的话,我现在也会成为一个工程师了 If they had in formed us, we would not come here now. 女口果他

们 通知过我们的话,我们现在就不会来这里了。 ② 从句的动作与现在事实相反,而主句的动作与过去事实不符 。如: If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beiji ng. 如

果他今天有空的话,我们会已经派他去北京了。 If he knew her, he would have greeted her. 要是他认识她的话,

他肯定会去问候她了。 ③ 从句的动作与过去发生的情况相反,而主句的动作与现在正在发生的 情况相反。如: If it had not bee n raining too much, the crops would be growi ng much better. 如果天不下太多的雨的话,庄稼会长得更好。 If he had bee n work ing hard, he would be work ing in the office now. 要是他一直努力工作的话,他现在已进了办公室了。 5、 当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有 were, should, had 时,if可以省

略,这时条件从句要用倒装语序,即将 were, should, had 等词置于句首, 这种多用于书面语。女口: Should he agree to go there, we would send him there. 要是他

答应去的话,我们就派他去。 Were she here, she would agree with us. 如果她在这儿的话,她

会同意我们的。 Had he lear nt about computers, we would have hired him to work here. 如果她懂一些电脑知识的话,我们已经聘用他来这里工作了。

6、 非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表达出来,只暗含在副词、介词 短语、上

下文或其他方式表示出来,这种句子叫做含蓄条件句,在多数情况 下,条件会暗含在短语中,如 without….,but for ….等 But for his help, we would be work ing now. 要不是他的帮助,

我们还会在工作呢。 Without your in struct ion, I would not have made such great progress.要是没

有你的指导,我不会取得如此大的进步。 We didn' t know his telephone number; otherwise we would have telepho ned him. 我们不知道他的电话号码,否则我们就会给他打电话。

7、 有时,虚拟条件句中,主、从句可以省略其中的一个,来表示说话 人的一种

强烈的感情。 ① 省略从句 He would have fin ished it. 他本该完成了。

You could have passed this exam. 你应该能通过这次考试了。

② 省略主句 If I were at home now. 要是我现在在家里该多好啊。

If only I had got it. 要是我得到它了该多好啊。、

编辑本段虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood) 的其他用法

用在wish后的宾语从句 a、 表示与现在事实相反的愿望,谓语动词用过去式

eg. I wish I had your brains. 我希望我有你那样的头脑。 (事实:我

根本比不上你) b、 表示与过去事实相反的愿望,谓语动词: had+done(动词过去分词)

eg:.I wish I had known the truth of the matter. 我希望我原来知

道这件事的真相。(事实:原来不知道) c、 表示将来难以实现的愿望

谓语动词:should/would + 动词原形 eg. I wish I should have a cha nee aga in. 我希望我还能有一次这

样的机会。(事实:很难再有这样的机会了) (注:if only 和as if/as though 也有相同用法) 用在目的状语从句中

1. 在for fear that, in case, lest 引导的,若用虚拟语气时,从句

谓语为:should + 动词原形。并且should不能省略 She exam ined the door aga in for fear that a thief should come in. 她又把门

检查了一遍,以防盗贼的进入。 He started out earlier lest he should be late. 他很早就出发了

以防迟到。 2、 在so that, in order that 所引导的目的状语从句中,从句中的

谓语为:can / may / could / might / will / would / should + 动词 原形。 He goes closer to the speaker so that he can hear him clearer.

他走近说话的人以便能听得更清楚。 He read the letter carefully in order that he should not miss a word.他把信读得

很仔细以便不漏掉一个单词。

其他用法 1、一想要(desire)二宁愿(prefer)三命令(order. comma nd)四建议 (advice. suggest. propose) 五要求(demand. require. request. desire.i nsist) 中,无论主句谓语动词为何种时态,从句的谓语动词都用 :

“ should + 动词原形”或只用“动词原形 ”。 如 He suggested that we (should) take the teacher ' s advice. He insisted that we (should) take the teacher ' s advice. He dema nd that we (should) take the teacher ' s advice. He ordered that we (should) take the teacher ' s advice.

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