2012年英语专业八级真题_word版_可打印

合集下载

专八改错(2012)

三. 改错答案统计分析
• 1. 从错词词类上看，分布比较均匀，英语八大词类中均有涉及，具体来说： • 每年涉及至少5种词类的修改； • 动词每年都有，至少一个； • 形容词副词每年至少有一个； • 冠词代词每年至少有一个(01年除外) • 介词(搭配)每年至少一个 • 2.从修改方法上看，每年10道改错题呈6，7--1，2---1，2的分值分布，即，修改单词6-7个，增加单词1-2个，删除单词1-2个（2005年除外）
1. 介词短语 2. 动词，形容词和名词形成的固定搭配错误 5 误用（因果，转折，让步，并列，选择连词的误用）
代词
介词
连词
常见错误类型: 从词类看-语法词
词类---实词常见错误
动词
1.时态错误, 主谓不一致 2.现在分词和过去分词的混淆 3.动词短语中成分的缺失 4. 动词词义误用 1.比较级和原级的误用 1.副词的冗余 2.副词短语 1.近义，多义名词的误用
词法是基础---靠记忆，靠积累，靠语感语法是药方---概况，总结，举一反三是捷径语篇是语言的思维
• • • • • •
一. 改错题的注意事项二. 改错文章统计分析三. 改错答案统计分析四. 解题步骤五.常见错误类型六. 复习建议
一.注意事项:
1.三改: • 添词 ∧ • 减词 / • 改词 2.三不改: • 不改两词 • 不改词序 • 不改拼写
校对与改错
Proofreading & error correction
英语专业八级
改错在试卷中的比重
序号
I
题号
(A1 ) – (A10) 1-10
题名
听力 A讲座 B会话 C新闻阅读 10 5 5 20 10

英语专业八级真题完整答案及详细解析word版

英语专业八级真题完整答案及详细解析word版TEST FOR ***** MAJORS (20XX年)GRADE EIGHT TIME LIMIT: 195 MINPART I *****NG *****ENSION***** A MINI-*****In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Some of the gaps may require a maximum of THREE words. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may refer to your notes while completing the task. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.Now, listen to the mini-lecture.Classifications of CulturesAccording to Edward Hall, different cultures result in different ideas about the world. Hall is an anthropologist. He is interested in relations between cultures.I. High-context cultureA. feature- context: more important than the message- meaning: (1)__________i.e. more attention paid to (2) ___________ than to the message itself B. examples- personal space- preference for (3)__________- less respect for privacy / personal space- attention to (4)___________- concept of time- belief in (5)____________ interpretation of time- no concern for punctuality- no control over timeII. Low-context cultureA. feature- message: separate from context- meaning: (6)___________B. examples- personal space- desire / respect for individuality / privacy- less attention to body language- more concern for (7)___________- attitude toward time- concept of time: (8)____________- dislike of (9)_____________- time seen as commodityIII. ConclusionAwareness of different cultural assumptions- relevance in work and lifee.g. business, negotiation, etc.- (10)_____________ in successful communication参考答案：(1) context of message(2) what's happening / the context(3) closeness to people(4) body language(5) poly-chronic(6) message itself(7) the message(8) mono-chronic(9) lateness(10) great influence / significanceTIPS：(1) 根据原文中一句“A high-context culture is a culture in which thecontext of the message, or the action, or an event carries a large part of its meaning and significance.”可知答案。

英语专业八级改错真题(1999-2012)完整含答案版本解析

99年改错Part Ⅱ Proofreading and Error Correction (15 min)The following passage contains TEN errors. Each line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way.For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line.For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “∧” sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line.For an unnecessary word cross out the unnecessary word with a slash “/’ and put the word in the blank provided at the end of the line.ExampleWhen∧art museum wants a new exhibit, (1) anit never／buys things in finished form and hangs (2) neverthem on the wall. When a natural history museumwants an exhibition, it must often build it. (3) exhibitThe hunter-gatherer tribes that today live as our prehistoric 1.______ human ancestors consume primarily a vegetable diet supplementing 2._____with animal foods. An analysis of 58 societies of modem hunter-gatherers, including the Kung of southern Africa, revealed that onehalf emphasize gathering plant foods, one-third concentrate on fishingand only one-sixth are primarily hunters. Overall, two-thirdsand more of the hunter-gatherer’s calories come from plants. Detailed 3.______ studies of the Kung by the food scientists at the University ofLondon, showed that gathering is a more productive source of foodthan is hunting. An hour of hunting yields in average about 100 4.______ edible calories, as an hour of gathering produces 240. 5.______ Plant foods provide for 60 percent to 80 percent of the Kung 6._______ diet, and no one goes hungry when the hunt fails. Interestingly, ifthey escape fatal infections or accidents, these contemporaryaborigines live to old ages despite of the absence of medical care. 7._______ They experience no obesity, no middle-aged spread, little dentaldecay, no high blood pressure, on heart disease, and their bloodcholesterol levels are very low( about half of the average American 8._______ adult), if no one is suggesting what we return to an aboriginal life 9.________ style, we certainly could use their eating habits as a model for 10.________ healthier diet.2000改错The grammatical words which play so large a part in Englishgrammar are for the most part sharply and obviously different 1._______ from the lexical words. A rough and ready difference which mayseem the most obvious is that grammatical words have“ lessmeaning”, but in fact some grammarians have called them 2._______“empty” words as opposed in the “full” words of vocabulary. 3.________ But this is a rather misled way of expressing the distinction. 4._________ Although a word like the is not the name of something as man is,it is very far away from being meaningless; there is a sharp 5._________ difference in meaning between “man is vile and” “the man isvile”, yet the is the single vehicle of this difference in meaning. 6.________ Moreover, grammatical words differ considerably amongthemselves as the amount of meaning they have, even in the 7.________ lexical sense. Another name for the grammatical words has been“little words”. But size is by no mean a good criterion for 8._________ distinguishing the grammatical words of English, when weconsider that we have lexical words as go, man, say, car. Apart 9.________ from this, however, there is a good deal of truth in what somepeople say: we certainly do create a great number of obscurity 10.________ when we omit them. This is illustrated not only in the poetry ofRobert Browning but in the prose of telegrams and newspaper headlines.2001改错During the early years of this century, wheat was seen as thevery lifeblood of Western Canada. People on city streets watchedthe yields and the price of wheat in almost as much feeling as if 1._______ they were growers. The marketing of wheat became an increasing 2._______ favorite topic of conversation.War set the stage for the most dramatic events in marketingthe western crop. For years, farmers mistrusted speculative grainselling as carried on through the Winnipeg Grain Exchange.Wheat prices were generally low in the autumn, so farmers could 3._______ not wait for markets to improve. It had happened too often thatthey sold their wheat soon shortly after harvest when farm debts 4.________ were coming due, just to see prices rising and speculators getting rich. 5._______ On various occasions, producer groups, asked firmer control, 6._______ but the government had no wish to become involving, at 7.______ least not until wartime when wheat prices threatened to runwild.Anxious to check inflation and rising life costs, the federal 8.______ government appointed a board of grain supervisors to deal withdeliveries from the crops of 1917 and 1918. Grain Exchangetrading was suspended, and farmers sold at prices fixed by theboard. To handle with the crop of 1919, the government appointed 9.______ the first Canadian Wheat Board, with total authority to 10.______ buy, sell, and set prices.2002改错There are great impediments to the general use of a standardin pronunciation comparable to that existing in spelling (orthography).One is the fact that pronunciation is learnt “naturally”and unconsciously, and orthography is learnt 1__________ deliberately and consciously. Large numbers of us, in fact,remain throughout our lives quite unconscious with what our speech 2.__________ sounds like when we speak out, and it often comes as a shock 3.__________ when we firstly hear a recording of ourselves. It is not a voice we 4._________ recognize at once, whereas our own handwriting is somethingwhich we almost always know. We begin the natural learning 5.__________ of pronunciation long before we start learning to read or write,and in our early years we went on unconsciously imitating and 6.__________ practicing the pronunciation of those around us for many morehours per every day than we ever have to spend learning even our 7.___________ difficult English spelling. This is “natural”, therefore, that our 8.__________ speech-sounds should be those of our immediate circle; after all,as we have seen, speech operates as a means of holding a community 9.__________ and giving a sense of 'belonging'. We learn quite early torecognize a “stranger”, someone who speaks with anaccent of a different community-perhaps only a few miles far. 10.__________2003改错Demographic indicators show that Americans in the postwarperiod were more eager than ever to establish families. They quicklybrought down the age at marriage for both men and women and broughtthe birth rate to a twentieth century height after more than a hundred (1)______ years of a steady decline, producing the “baby boom.” These young(2)_______ adults established a trend of early marriage and relatively largefamilies that Went for more than two decades and caused a major (3)_______ but temporary reversal of long-term demographic patterns. Fromthe 1940S through the early 1960s, Americans married at a high rate (4)________ and at a younger age than their Europe counterparts. (5)________ Less noted but equally more significant, the men and women on who (6)________ formed families between 1940 and 1960 nevertheless reduced the (7)________ divorce rate after a postwar peak; their marriages remained intact toa greater extent than did that of couples who married in earlier as well (8)________ as later decades. Since the United States maintained its dubious (9)_________ distinction of having the highest divorce rate in the world, thetemporary decline in divorce did not occur in the same extent in (10)_________ Europe. Contrary to fears of the experts, the role of breadwinner andhomemaker was not abandoned.2004改错One of the most important non-legislative functions of the U.S Congressis the power to investigate. This power is usually delegated to committees - either standing committees, special committees set for a specific (1)________ purpose, or joint committees consisted of members of both houses. (2)________ Investigations are held to gather information on the need forfuture legislation, to test the effectiveness of laws already passed,to inquire into the qualifications and performance of members andofficials of the other branches, and in rare occasions, to lay the (3)________ groundwork for impeachment proceedings. Frequently, committeesrely outside experts to assist in conducting investigative hearings (4)_________ and to make out detailed studies of issues. (5)_________ There are important corollaries to the investigative power. Oneis the power to publicize investigations and its results. Most (6)_________ committee hearings are open to public and are reported (7)__________ widely in the mass media. Congressional investigationsnevertheless represent one important tool available to lawmakers (8)__________ to inform the citizenry and to arouse public interests in national issues.(9)________ Congressional committees also have the power to compeltestimony from unwilling witnesses, and to cite for contemptof Congress witnesses who refuse to testify and for perjurythese who give false testimony. (10)_________2005改错The University as BusinessA number of colleges and universities have announced steeptuition increases for next year much steeper than the current,very low, rate of inflation. They say the increases are needed becauseof a loss in value of university endowments heavily investing in common 1 stock. I am skeptical. A business firm chooses the price that maximizesits net revenues, irrespective fluctuations in income; and increasingly the 2 outlook of universities in the United States is indistinguishable from those of 3 business firms. The rise in tuitions may reflect the fact economic uncertainty 4 increases the demand for education. The biggest cost of beingin the school is foregoing income from a job (this is primarily a factor in 5 graduate and professional-school tuition); the poor one's job prospects, 6 the more sense it makes to reallocate time from the job market to education,in order to make oneself more marketable.The ways which universities make themselves attractive to students 7 include soft majors, student evaluations of teachers, giving studentsa governance role, and eliminate required courses. 8 Sky-high tuitions have caused universities to regard their students as customers. Just as business firms sometimes collude to shorten the 9 rigors of competition, universities collude to minimize the cost to them of the athletes whom they recruit in order to stimulate alumni donations, so the best athletes now often bypass higher education in order to obtain salaries earlierfrom professional teams. And until they were stopped by the antitrust authorities, the Ivy League schools colluded to limit competition for the best students, by agreeing not to award scholarships on the basis of merit rather than purelyof need-just like business firms agreeing not to give discounts on their best 10 customer.We use language primarily as a means of communication withother human beings. Each of us shares with the community in which welive a store of words and meanings as well as agreeing conventions as 1_______ to the way in which words should be arranged to convey a particular 2______ message: the English speaker has in his disposal vocabulary and a3_______ set of grammatical rules which enables him to communicate his4______ thoughts and feelings, in a variety of styles, to the other English 5_______ speakers. His vocabulary, in particular, both that which he uses activelyand that which he recognizes, increases in size as he growsold as a result of education and experience. 6______ But, whether the language store is relatively small or large, the systemremains no more, than a psychological reality for tike inpidual, unlesshe has a means of expressing it in terms able to be seen by another 7_______ member of his linguistic community; he bas to give tile system aconcrete transmission form. We take it for granted rice’ two m ost8_______ common forms of transmission-by means of sounds produced by ourvocal organs (speech) or by visual signs (writing). And these are 9___ ___ among most striking of human achievements. 10_______From what has been said, it must be clear that no one canmake very positive statements about how language originated.There is no material in any language today and in the earliest 1records of ancient languages show us language in a new and 2emerging state. It is often said, of course, that the language 3 ___ originated in cries of anger, fear, pain and pleasure, and the 4 necessary evidence is entirely lacking: there are no remotetribes, no ancient records, providing evidence ofa language with a large proportion of such cries 5than we find in English. It is true that the absenceof such evidence does not disprove the theory, but in 6other grounds too the theory is not very attractive.People of all races and languages make rather similarnoises in return to pain or pleasure. The fact that7such noises are similar on the lips of Frenchmenand Malaysians whose languages are utterly different,serves to emphasize on the fundamental difference8__________ between these noises and language proper. We maysay that the cries of pain or chortles of amusementare largely reflex actions, instinctive to large extent, 9whereas language proper does not consist of signsbut of these that have to be learnt and that are10__________ wholly conventional.2008年改错The desire to use language as a sign of national identityis a very natural one，and in result language has played a 1__________ prominent part in national moves．Men have often felt the need 2__________ to cultivate a given language to show that they are distinctive 3____________ from another race．whose hegemony they resent．At the time the 4.___________ United States split off from Britain，for example，therewere proposals that independence should be linguistically accepted by 5._________ the use of a different language from those of Britain． 6.__________ There was even one proposal that Americans should adopt Hebrew．Others favoured the adoption of Greek，though，as one man put it，things would certainly be simpler for Americans if they stuck on to 7.___________ English and made the British learn Greek．At the end，as everyone 8.___________ knows，the two countries adopted the practical and satisfactorysolution of carrying with the same language as before．Sincenearly two hundred years now，they have shown the 9.____________ world that political independence and national identity can be 10.___________ complete without sacrificing the enormous mutual advantages of a common language．2009年改错The previous section has shown how quickly a rhyme passesfrom one school child to the next and illustrates the further difference (1)__ ___ between shcool lore and nursery lore. In nursery lore a verse, learntin early childhood, is not usually passed on again when the little listener (2)__ ___ has grown up, and has children of their own, or even grandchildren. (3)___ __ The period between learning a nursery rhyme and transmittingIt may be something from twenty to seventy years. With the playground (4)__ ___ lore, therefore, a rhyme may be excitedly passed on whtin the very hour (5)__ ___ it is learnt; and in the general, it passes between children of the (6)___ __ same age, or nearly so, since it is uncommon for the difference in agebetween playmates to be more than five years. If therefore, a playgroundrhyme can be shown to have been currently for a hundred years, or (7)___ __ even just for fifty, it follows that it has been retransmitting overand over; very possibly it has passed along a chain of two or three (8)__ ___ hundred young hearers and tellers, and the wonder is that it remains live (9)___ __ after so much handling, to let alone that it bears resemblance to the (10)__ __ original wording.2012PART IV PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION (15 MIN) The passage contains TEN errors．Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error．In each case, only ONE word is involved．You should proof-read the passage and correct it in the following way:For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line.For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a "L" sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line.For an unnecessary word, cross the unnecessary word with a slash "/" and put the word in the blank provided at the end of the line.EXAMPLEWhen A art museum wants a new exhibit, (1) anit never buys things in finished form and hangs (2) neverthem on the wall．When a natural history museumwants an exhibition, it must often build it．(3) exhibitProofread the given passage on ANSWER SHEET TWO as instructed.The central problem of translating has always been whether to translate literally or freely．The argument has been going since at least the first (1) ______ century B.C．Up to the beginning of the 19th century, many writersfavoured certain kind of “free” translation: the spirit, not t he letter; the (2) _______ sense not the word; the message rather the form; the matter not (3) _______ the manner．This is the often revolutionary slogan of writers who (4) _______ wanted the truth to be read and understood．Then in the turn of 19th (5) _______ century, when the study of cultural anthropology suggested thatthe linguistic barriers were insuperable and that the language (6) _______ was entirely the product of culture, the view translation was impossible (7) _______ gained some currency, and with it that, if was attempted at all, it must be as (8) _____ literal as possible．This view culminated the statement of the (9) _______ extreme “literalists” Walter Benjamin and Vladimir Nobokov.The argument was theoretical: the purpose of the translation, thenature of the readership, the type of the text, was not discussed．Toooften, writer, translator and reader were implicitly identified witheach other．Now, the context has changed, and the basic problem remains．(10)_____答案部分改错部分:1999年1. 答案：as → like2. 答案：supplementing → supplemented3. 答案：and → or4. 答案：in → on5. 答案：as → while / whereas6. 答案：删去for，或改成about7. 答案：删去第一个of8. 答案：half ∧→ that9. 答案：if → While / Although / Though10. 答案：for ∧→ aPart Ⅱ Proofreading and Error Correction1.答案：as→like【详细解答】as our prehistoric human ancestors意为“作为人类史前的祖先那样”，但是根据上下文，此处应表达的意思是“像人类史前的祖先那样”，故应该将as改为介词like。

作文范文之2012专八作文真题

2012专八作文真题【篇一：2012年英语专业八级写作范文(环球时代版)】 2012年英语专业八级写作范文writing (45 min)a recent survey of 2,000 college students asked about their attitudes towards phone calls and text-messaging (also known as short service) and found the students? main goal was to pass along information in as little time, with as little small talk, as pos sible. “what they like most about their mobile devices is that they can reach other people,” says naomi baron, a professor of linguistics at american university in washington, d.c., who conducted the survey. “what they like least is that other people can r each them.” how far do you agree with professor baron? in this first part of your essay you should state clearly your main argument, and in the second part you should support your argument with appropriate details. in the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary. you should supply an appropriate title for your essay.marks will be awarded for content, organization, language and appropriateness. failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.write your essay on answer sheet four.a mixed blessing“we have in our mortal hand a power to destroy poverty and all forms of human life.” john f. kennedy said in his inaugural address some 50 years ago. indeed, science and technology has always been a mixed blessing. the same is true of cell phones, one of spectacular gadgets ever invented by humans in the past perhaps 100 years or so. cell phones have two ambivalent faces, mostly benevolent, lovely and grim, even macabre sometimes. that is exactly what naomi baron, a professor of linguistics at american university in washington, d.c. described, when he said, “what people likemost about their mobile devices is that they can reach other people. what they like least is that other people can reach them.” professor baron?s conclusion cannot be too true.while mobile devices today are facilitating our life in ways unimagined, they pose problems, too. one of these is that our private life can be encroached at any time and place. for example, suppose one is taking hard-earned holidays at a seaside resort when he receives a call from his boss, who told him that something goes wrong with his work or his client runs into trouble. all of a sudden, his pleasure is totally spoiled. at this moment, modern devices of communications show their gloomy and ghastly face. blockage to such calls can be hardly possible unless you have decided to leave your present job.the second quandary brought about by the mobiles is that people are cut off from contact with one another. this is a paradox. this happens most often in the world ofbusiness. with the help of these gadgets, many people stay home on workdays. at the click of their fingers, they can receive and send their work on the cell phones. with a mobile, even their salaries can be automatically credited to their accounts. few people nowadays stand in line receiving their paychecks. they don?t have to see people in person to do all these and other things. economical and convenient as it is, people are more isolated from each other.regrettably, the gloomy paradoxical aspect of mobiles goes beyond the field of our work. it also happens in our almost every facet of life. music used to be a very good social event. but now, most people build a wall of music around them by listening to on-line music or songs downloaded and saved in their cell phones. watching a film also becomes a detached process. modern phones are almost almighty, with which they can enjoy the latest box hits in the isolation of theliving room. they don?t have to go out, let alone joining with friends. communications in person are saved when, with omnipotent ?i-phone?, students can learn a lot of subjects alone instead of discussing problems with their classmates, friends and brothers and sisters and parents. they even don?t have to go classes to acquire all these things where rich human communication can occur.【篇二：历年专八翻译真题】历年专八翻译真题（一）1997年:english to chineseopera is expensive: that much is inevitable. but expensive things are inevitably the province（范围） of the rich unless we abdicate（退位、放弃）society’s power of choice. we can choose to make opera and other expensive forms of culture, accessible（易接近的，可达到的） to those who cannot individually pay for it. the question is: why should we? nobody denies the imperatives（必要的）of food, shelter, defence, health and education. but even in a prehistoric cave, man-kind stretched out a hand of not just to eat, drink or fight, but alsoto draw. the impulse（冲动） towards culture, the desire to express and explore the world through imagination andrepresentation（表述、陈述）is fundamental. in europe, this desire has found fulfillment（完成、成就） in the masterpieces of our music, art, literature and theatre. these masterpieces are the touchstones（标准、试金石） for all our efforts; they arethe touchstones for the possibilities to which human thought and imagination may aspire（立志、追求目标、渴望）; theycarry the most profound （深厚的、深刻的）messages that can be sent from one human to another.【参考答案】 english to chinese译文1：欣赏歌剧是一种奢侈：你必须为此支付昂贵的票价。

2012年英语专业8级考试预测试卷(8)-中大网校

2012年英语专业8级考试预测试卷(8)总分：100分及格：60分考试时间：195分PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN) SECTION A MINI-LECTURE(1)<OBJECT id=audioplayer10 codeBase=/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0, 0,0 type=application/x-shockwave-flash height=24 width=290 classid=clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11cf-96B8-444553540000><embedsrc="/examfiles//ks/v2011/js/audioplayer.swf?playerID=10&soundFile=/tin gli_233_mp3/tem8/Test8.mp3" quality="high" menu="false" wmode="transparent" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" width="290" height="24" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" swliveconnect="true" pluginspage="/go/getflashplayer"> </embed></OBJECT><SCRIPT src="/examfiles//ks/v2011/js/audioplayer.js"></SCRIPT>(2)__________(3)__________(4)__________(5)__________(6)__________(7)__________(8)_________(9)__________(10)__________SECTION B INTERVIEW(1)回答{TSE}题{TS}Which of the following is CORRECT about the accident?A. The young lady was thrown through the windscreeB. The young lady didn't wear a seatbelt despite Simpson's advicC. The two passengers were driven to hospital by M SimpsoD. Simpson's wife got more serious injuries than the young lad(2)Mr. Simpson stopped at the pedestrian crossing becauseA. the lighting was very good along the stretcB. he was riding with two ladies at the momenC. he wanted to ensure the safety of two passers-bD. he was a new driver who tends to be cautiou(3)What leads the policeman to believe that Mr. Simpson didn't drink alcohol before driving?A. A breathalyzer tesB. A blood tesC. The certainty of his claiD. No smell of wine in his breat(4)What is the most probable cause of the accident?A. M Simpson's speedinB. The two pedestrians at the junctionC. The other driver's drunk drivinD. M Simpson's drunk drivin(5)What will Mr. Simpson probably do after being asked all the questions by the policeman?A. Meet his wife in the hospitaB. Take his wife to hospital by taxC. Write a written statement to the policD. Have his damaged car repaireSECTION C INTERVIEW(1)(2)(3)What was the consequence of the 2001 protests in Argentina?A. Butchers and supermarkets were affecteB. The ex-president was overthrowC. Roads to the capital were blockeD. Export taxes for farm products were cu(4)(5)According to Howard Catton, why do more nurses tend to work in Australia?A. Because of attractive salaries and a series of incentiveB. Because of starting salaries and recruitment activitC. Because of the convenient air travel between two countrieD. Because of the permanent residency and accommodatioPART ⅡREADING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)(1)回答{TSE}题(2)Which of the following is NOT cited as an example of the mayor's support for tall buildings?[A] Drivers were charged a toll to enter the city on weekdays.[B] A 40-story tower was completed this year.[C] A handful other tall buildings have received the planning permission.[D] A dozen more tall buildings have been proposed.(3)According to the passage, London Bridge Tower[A] is 264 meters tall. [B] is designed by Norman Foster.[C] would be by far the tallest building in Europe. [D] would surpass American or Asian skyscrapers.(4)In the public square of London Bridge Tower you can NOT[A] have dinners.[B] have a bird's eye view of London.[C] visit art galleries.[D] watch movies.(5)According to Sellar, London Bridge Tower won government approval mainly because of[A] Briton's increasing enthusiasm for tall buildings.[B] the developer's close association with the government.[C] its high-quality design from a top world name.[D] a desire not to repeat mistakes as before.(6)The last paragraph implies that[A] people's preference for skyscrapers is increasing rapidly.[B] people made mistakes in constructing tall buildings in the past.[C] tall buildings in the 1960s and 1970s were welcomed by Londoners.[D] tall buildings in the 1960s and 1970s left people deep impression.(7)回答{TSE}题(8)According to the passage, connoisseurs of the old schoolA. bought art works on the advice of auctioneerB. had their own judgment of the value of art workC. collected for the purpose of investmenD. collected in order to achieve social statu(9)Edouard Manet's Races in the Bois de Boulogne is similar to Picasso's works in all the following aspects EXCEPTA. vigoB. authoritC. harmony in the color schemD. the same high pric(10)According to the passage, __________ creates an Expressionist effect.A. Fleurs Darts un Vase VertB. La Femme aux Bras CroisésC. Races in the Bois de BoulogneD. Boats on the Strand(11)"The Matisse bears a kinship of sorts to one of Paul Signac's..." in the last paragraph meansA. Matisse has a blood relationship with Paul SignaB. Matisse's work is completely distinct from that of Paul SignaC. Matisse's work is similar to that of Paul Signac in many aspectD. Matisse and Paul Signac are descended from the same ancestor(12)回答{TSE}题(13)According to the passage, __________ endow the English park scenery with a sacred atmosphere.A. vast lawnsB. enormous treesC. winding brooksD. rural temples(14)Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. The English have studied Nature intently and know it very welB. There is nothing that can be more impressive than the splendor of English park scenerC. The English are good at decorating the unostentatious abodes of middle lifD. If Love came, it must prefer the residence of rich people to the cottage of an English peasan(15)The word diffuse in the fourth paragraph meansA. spreaB. scatteC. dispersD. injec(16)(17)The word undaunted in the first paragraph meansA. frighteneB. discourageC. dishearteneD. courageou(18)The first permanent English settlement in America was established atA. SagadahoB. JamestowC. Chesapeake BaD. Island of Roanok(19)Which of the following is NOT true about the Jamestown colony?A. It was founded in 1607 by the London CompanB. The number of the first settlers at Jamestown was 105.C. The settlers sent gold from the colony to England and made a fortunD. Disease, starvation and misadventure killed over half of the settlers in 1607.(20)According to the passage, the earliest colonial venturesA. generated huge profitB. caused great financial losseC. rewarded the investors heavilD. repaid the investor's principaPART ⅢGENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)(1)In 1689, the Bill of Rights, which ensured that the King would never be able to ignore Parliament, was passed under the reign ofA. Charles Ⅰ.B. William of OrangC. James Ⅱ.D. Oliver Cromwel(2)The symbol marking the declination of the British Empire isA. World War Ⅱ.B. The Suez Canal CrisiC. The independence of British ColonieD. The establishment of the Commonwealt(3)The American government is divided Into three branches: the legislative, the executive and the judicial. They are represented by __________，__________，and __________，respectively.A. the Supreme Court, the Congress, the PresidencyB. the Congress, the Supreme Court, the PresidencyC. the Congress, the Presidency, the Supreme CourtD. the Presidency, the Congress, the Supreme Court(4)The colonists first settled in__________ in Australia.A. South AustraliaB. QueenslandC. TasmaniaD. Victoria(5)In the 20th century, under the influence of Freud's theory of psycho-analysis, a number of writers adopted the __________ method of novel writing.A. stream of consciousnessB. SymbolismC. ImagismD. Naturalism(6)The character of__________ is representative of the English bourgeoisie at the earlier stages of its development.A. Tom JonesB. SamsonC. Robinson CrusoeD. Roderick Random(7)Which of the following is considered an American masterpiece?A. The Last of the MohicanB. The Legand of the Sleepy HolloC. The Masque of the Red DeatD. Moby Dic(8)Second Language Acquisition concentrates onA. codB. meaninC. competencD. performanc(9)__________ refers to an approach adopted by structural semanticists in describing the meaning of words and phrases.A. Predication analysisB. Immediate constituent analysisC. Componential analysisD. Syntax(10)The semantic relation of rose and. flower is calledA. hyponymB. synonymC. polysemD. homonymPART ⅣPROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION (15MIN) (1)回答{TSE}题：(2)（2）__________(3)（3）__________(4)（4）__________(5)（5）__________(6)（6）__________(7)（7）__________(8)（8）__________(9)（9）__________(10)（10）__________PART ⅤTRANSLATION (60 MIN) SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH(1)翻译：SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE(1)PART ⅥWRITING (45 MIN)(1)答案和解析PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN) SECTION A MINI-LECTURE (1) :听力原文<STRONG></STRONG>答案及解析：1. in their seats / seated(2) :30 minutes(3) :first served(4) :special treatment【解析】此题中的例子讲的是bribe不会得到any special treatment．由此可知答案。

英语专业八级真题试卷

英语专业八级真题试卷English Major Level 8 Test PaperAs an English major, the Level 8 test paper is a crucial milestone in our academic journey. It not only serves as a comprehensive assessment of our language proficiency, but also reflects our dedication and hard work in mastering the English language.The test paper covers a wide range of topics, including reading comprehension, writing, listening, and speaking. Each section challenges us to demonstrate our understanding of English literature, grammar, and vocabulary, as well as our ability to communicate effectively in both written and spoken forms.In the reading comprehension section, we are required to analyze and interpret complex texts, demonstrating our ability to understand the nuances of language and the deeper meanings within the written word. This section not only tests our reading skills, but also our critical thinking and analytical abilities.The writing section challenges us to express our thoughts and ideas in a clear and coherent manner. Whether it's crafting a persuasive essay, a descriptive passage, or a formal letter, this section demands precision and creativity in our writing. It also assesses our command of grammar, syntax, and vocabulary, as well as our ability to structure and organize our thoughts effectively.The listening and speaking sections test our ability to comprehend spoken English and communicate verbally. This involves not only understanding the content of spoken passages, but also being able to respond and expressourselves fluently and confidently. These sections require us to demonstrate our listening comprehension, pronunciation, and conversational skills, as well as our ability to articulate and express our thoughts in a clear and articulate manner. Preparing for the Level 8 test paper is no easy feat. It requires months of dedicated study, practice, and perseverance. We must immerse ourselves in English literature, engage in regular conversations with native speakers, and constantly challenge ourselves to expand our vocabulary and refine our language skills.However, the rewards of passing the Level 8 test paper are immeasurable. It not only validates our proficiency in the English language, but also opens up a world of opportunities for us. Whether it's pursuing further studies, pursuing a career in language-related fields, or simply broadening our horizons and enriching our lives, the Level 8 test paper serves as a stepping stone to a brighter future.In conclusion, the Level 8 test paper is a testament to our dedication, passion, and commitment to mastering the English language. It challenges us to push our boundaries, refine our skills, and strive for excellence. With perseverance and determination, we can conquer this milestone and emerge as stronger, more confident, and more proficient English majors.。

2012年天津外国语大学英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷.doc

2012年天津外国语大学英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷.doc2012年天津外国语大学英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷(总分：42.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、填空题(总题数：17，分数：34.00)1. 1by 2records the history of modern civilization advancing on the receding wilderness, and its basic conflict is between the protagonist who insists on man"s old forest freedom and the judge who believes that man remains savage without law and order.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________2."To speak truly, few adult persons can see nature. Most persons do not see the sun. At least they have a very superficial seeing. The sun illuminates only the eye of the man, but shines into the eye and the heart of the 1. " These lines are taken from Nature by 2.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________3.Isabel Archer, who comes to Europe with a will to live a free life only to become the victim of two American expatriates" scheming, is the protagonist of 1by 2.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________4.In 1, Stephen Crane has 2as the historical setting to faithfully represent the cowardice and fear of the protagonist who tries to flee from the combat.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________5."The Burial of the Dead," "A Game of Chess," "The Fire Sermon," " Death by Water," and "What the Thunder Said" compose the five parts of the poem 1.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________6. 1"s play 2successfully portrays the Wingfields as a family of escapists who are indulged in their own illusory worlds.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________7.Most of 1"s heroes are Jewish intellectuals or writers who, facing violence and victimization, try to discover "the queerness of existence" and overcome it.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________8.In 1, the unnamed African American who is trapped in a coal-filled manhole recalls his past experiences from a small southern town to New York.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________9. 1is regarded by many critics as the earliest narrative poem in the history of British literature.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________10.John Bunyan is an English novelist of the 17th century. The main narrative technique he uses in his famous work The Pilgrim"s Progress is 1.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________11.In the 18th century, heroic couplet as a poetic medium reached its perfection in the hands of（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________12.In 1"s 2, the protagonist begins as a man of integrity anda pillar of his countiy, but ends with a tragic vision of human existence, voicing that " Life is a tale told by an idiot, full of sound and fury, signifying nothing. "（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________13.The poem 1 by Samuel Taylor Coleridge literally relates how a king commands a palace to be built, but thematically suggests that a great poet has to touch hell and the unconsciousin order to see into the essence of things and compose great poetry.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________14. 1by 2 traces the growth of young Pip from innocence to experience and from immaturity to maturity.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________15.In "My Last Duchess," Robert Browning employs 1as the poetic form to have the speaker reveal his inner psychology.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________16.The three major characters in 1"s masterpiece 2represent three different human archetypes in education, taste, and attitude toward life, with Stephen Dedalus the most cultured, Leopold Bloom in the middle of the social and educational ladder, and Molly settling comfortably at the bottom.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________17. 1is an example of paradox.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________二、分析题(总题数：4，分数：8.00)18.By Aristotle"s definition of tragedy, a tragic character suffers the change of fortune from good to bad, order to disorder, and this change is a result not of vice but of some great error or frailty in character. Analyze the tragic flaw of a character in American or British literature.（分数：2.00）________________________________________________________________ __________________________ 19.As a theorist of short story, Edgar Allan Poe proposes that the first sentence should help bring out the single effect of the story. Explain what is the single effect of "The Fall of the House of Usher" and how it is achieved through the beginning sentence.（分数：2.00）________________________________________________________________ __________________________ 20.Define and illustrate what the omniscient point of view is with reference to one novel by Jane Austen or Charles Dickens.（分数：2.00）________________________________________________________________ __________________________ 21.Writers or poets are often lumped together as a group for the same artistic assertion they share or the same significant social event(s)they are influenced by. The Lost Generation is a particular term referring to the writers and artists who spoke for the young people that came of age during and shortly after the First World War, alternatively known as the World War I generation. Please describe the characteristics of " The Lost Generation" with references to writers and literary works.（分数：2.00）________________________________________________________________ __________________________。

英语专业八级试卷

英语专业八级试卷一、听力理解（35分）（一）Mini - lecture（10分）题目：The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Language Learning。

Fill in the blanks according to what you hear.The development of artificial intelligence has brought significant changes to language learning. AI - based language learning tools canprovide (1) _personalized_ learning experiences. For example, they can analyze learners' (2) _strengths and weaknesses_ and offer tailored study plans.These tools also offer a wide range of learning resources, such as (3) _interactive exercises_ and real - life language examples. Moreover, AI can simulate (4) _conversational partners_, which helps learners improve their speaking skills.However, there are also some challenges. One concern is the (5)_accuracy_ of the language models. Sometimes, they may generate incorrector inappropriate responses. Another issue is that over - reliance on AItools may lead to a lack of (6) _independent thinking_ in language learning.In conclusion, while AI has great potential in language learning, learners should use it (7) _wisely_ and combine it with traditionallearning methods.（二）Listening Comprehension（25分）Section A（15分）There are three news items in this section. Listen to each item carefully and answer the questions that follow.News Item 1.1. What is the main topic of this news item?A. A new scientific discovery.B. A political event.C. An environmental issue.2. Where did the event take place?A. In Asia.B. In Europe.C. In America.News Item 2.3. What has been announced by the company?A. A new product launch.B. A job cut.C. A merger.4. How will this announcement affect the employees?A. They will get a pay raise.B. Some of them may lose their jobs.C. They will have more working hours.News Item 3.5. What is the purpose of the new policy?A. To promote tourism.B. To protect local culture.C. To control population growth.6. What are the main measures of the policy?A. Restricting the number of visitors.B. Offering more cultural events.C. Building more hotels.Section B（10分）You will hear a conversation between a student and a professor. Listen carefully and answer the questions.1. Why did the student come to see the professor?A. To discuss a course assignment.B. To ask for a letter of recommendation.C. To complain about a grade.2. What is the student's main concern about the assignment?A. The topic is too difficult.B. He doesn't have enough time.C. He doesn't understand the requirements.3. What does the professor suggest the student do?A. Change the topic.B. Read more reference books.C. Ask for help from classmates.4. When is the assignment due?A. Next week.B. In two weeks.C. At the end of the semester.5. What will the student do next?A. Start working on the assignment immediately.B. Go to the library to find books.C. Talk to his classmates.二、阅读理解（30分）（一）Multiple - choice Questions（14分）Read the following passage and answer the questions.Passage 1.The Internet has revolutionized the way we communicate, learn, and do business. It has made information more accessible than ever before. However, it also brings some problems. One of the major issues is the spread offalse information.With the ease of sharing information on the Internet, anyone can post something without proper verification. This has led to the proliferation of fake news, which can have a significant impact on society. For example, false information about a company can cause its stock price to drop, or misinformation about a political candidate can influence an election.Another problem is privacy. As we use various online services, our personal information is often collected and sometimes misused. Companies may sell our data to third parties without our consent, which poses athreat to our privacy.1. What is the main idea of this passage?A. The advantages of the Internet.B. The problems caused by the Internet.C. The development of the Internet.2. According to the passage, what can fake news do?A. Improve a company's reputation.B. Increase a stock price.C. Influence an election.3. What is a threat to our privacy according to the passage?A. Using the Internet.B. Companies misusing our personal data.C. Sharing information online.（二）Short - answer Questions（16分）Read the following passage and answer the questions in no more than 10 words each.Passage 2.The concept of sustainable development has gained increasing attention in recent years. It aims to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.One of the key aspects of sustainable development is environmental protection. This includes reducing pollution, conserving natural resources, and protecting biodiversity. Another aspect is social development, which involves improving people's living standards, education, and health.Economic development is also an important part of sustainable development. However, it should be achieved in a way that is environmentally and socially sustainable.1. What is the aim of sustainable development?2. What are the key aspects of it?3. How should economic development be achieved?三、语言知识（15分）（一）Error Correction（10分）The following passage contains ten errors. Identify and correct them.In modern society, the importance of education are widely recognized. Education not only imparts knowledge but also shape a person's character. A well - educated individual is more likely to contribute to society in positive ways.However, there are still some problems in the education system. One problem is that the curriculum is often too theoretical, lacking of practical applications. Another issue is that some students do not receive equal educational opportunities due to their family background or geographical location.To solve these problems, governments should invest more in education, especially in rural areas. Teachers should also be trained to improve their teaching methods, make the classroom more interesting and effective.（二）Word Formation（5分）Fill in the blanks with the appropriate form of the given words.1. (create) - The artist's _creativity_ is shown in his unique paintings.2. (lead) - A good _leader_ should be able to inspire his team.3. (decide) - His _decision - making_ ability is very important in this project.四、翻译（15分）（一）汉译英（8分）中国的茶文化源远流长。

专八19912012历年作文真题及范文汇总(tem8 writng)

1991 – 2012 (TEM 8 WRITNG)历年英语专业八级作文真题及范文汇总2012—WRITING: A recent survey of 2,000 college students asked about their attitudes towards phone calls and text-messaging (also known as Short Message Service) and found the students’ main goal was to pass alon g information in as little time, with as little small talk, as possible. “What they like most about their mobile devices is that they can reach other people,” says Naomi Baron, a professor of linguistics at American University in W ashington, D.C., who cond ucted the survey. “What they like least is that other people can reach them.” How far do you agree with Professor Baron? (400 words)One possible version: Be ware our favorite telephoneDo you like phones? When college students are asked this question, and I suppose what they will answer. The recent survey about college student’s attitude toward phones aroused my interest. A result that what college students like phone most is that they can reach others and what they like least is that others can reach them is given by a professor. I am partially agree with the professor’s opinion as a college students and a member among the been survey group, what I like phone most is that I can reach others and what I like least is not others can reach me but it brings me potential problems.In modern society, I can’t get by without my cell phone and I view it as a necessary tool to reach others. To begin with, I came to college and I am away from my families. Cell phones allow parental communication which can make me feel more secure. Besides, even if the crime rates are low, as a student I may find myself in situations where I feel unsafe. Phones allow me to all for help when I feel unsafe. Cell phones allow me to call for help when I feel I need an escort. In a real emergency, where I need medical attention, a cell phone could prove lifesaving, and it brings me a safe .what’s more telephones allow me to have an always –on connection to my social network. I can use short time and few words to reach others at any time. I like phones which really bring me great convenience.However, for me, what I like phone least is that it brings me potential problems. I waste lots of time on mobile phones, obsessing with the QQ zone, wrapping in the games, chatting with others and so on. These are the visible effects. I think others also have this problem. What’s worse, phone brings indifference and distance between us, and this invisible effect is more awful. when my friend sand I have no phones, we get together playing and talking, but now we talking little when we get together. Everyone has a small screen, and we prefer engraining in the virtual world rather than communicating with our friends sitting beside us. A group of people sit together and play without communication. How awful that was. It is telephone that reducing our communication and bringing a gap between us. I found the telephone is the real subtle poison which is destroying people’s relationship .but few of us has realized this. Most of us just see it’s advantages a nd college students are addicted into it.Beware our favorite phone which is destroying our relationship. As college students we need realizing this and using our phone properly. 2011—WRITING: According to a recent newspaper report, many famous sites of historical interest in China have begun or are considering charging tourists higher entry fees during peak travel seasons. This has aroused a lot of public attention and also public debate. What is your opinion? Should famous Chinese sites of historical interest charge higher fees during peak travel seasons? (400 words)One possible version: Higher entry fees should be charged during peak travel season With social and economic development, our people have more time and money to visit famous sites of historical interest. Their visits, on the one hand, can enrich their own life and meanwhile bring the sites substantial incomes. On the other hand, too many visits, especially during peak travel peak when there are more visitors, have caused huge problems. One solution to this is to charge higher fees during peak travel seasons, which I think is necessary and I am in complete favor of this decision.As we all know, today there is no entrance fee charged for many parks in our country while almost all famous sites of historical interest still need an entry fee. Some people can not accept this for they think that both parks and famous sites of historical interest are part of public services. They should have free access to them or at least shouldn’t pay too much for the visit since they have already paid taxes to the government. Then it is far impossible for those people to allow the sites to charge higher fees during peak travel seasons.On the surface, the arguments that people opposing to entry fees charged for famous sites of historical interest hold seem reasonable. But in fact, those people have ignored the unique features of famous sites of historical interest which normally imply ample historical and cultural values. Those sites differ from common parks. The relics in these sites are precious and fragile to destroy, and usually need special and professional preservation and administration, which turn out to be an expensive exercise that constantly demands resources. Entry fees must be charged. During peak travel seasons, there is no better measure than raising the entry fees to reduce the number of tourists. The purpose of charging higher fees is to stop some people’ visits so as to better protect the valuable relics and at the same time ensure the safety of the tourists. It is obvious that some people will give up their visits considering the higher fees. Here economic means are applied to conserve precious things at the sites of historical interest in an appropriate and sustainable way.In a word, due to the unique features of relics and the need of the sustainable protection of sites of historical interest, we must control the number of visitors, especially during the peak travel seasons when there are too many tourists, to diminish the impact of human activities on these sites to its lowest level. And charging higher fees during the peak travel seasons, an effective economic means of regulation will be of great importance.2010—WRITING: Recently newspapers have reported that officials in a little-known mountainous area near Guiyang, Guizhou Province wanted to turn the area into a "central business district" for Guiyang and invited a foreign design company to give it an entirely new look. The design company came up with a blueprint for unconventional, super-futuristic buildings. This triggered off different responses. Some appreciated the bold innovation of the design, but others held that it failed to reflect regional characteristics or local cultural heritage. What is your view on this? (400 words)One possible version: Maybe We Have a Better IdeaFew things can add as much colors to the regional features of a city as the look of its CBD. Hence, we know Manhattan of Big Apple, Pudong of Shanghai. Indeed, they are the most typical sights projecting a skyline of a modern city. However, should a CBD in the world look all like? Who told us it should solely be made up of unconventional, super-futuristic buildings? And should they stand out from their surroundings? Answers to these questions are universally and unequivocally No.A CBD is not a detached but integral part of a city. To prevent it from being too extreme or monstrous, it supposedly goes with the general style of the rest parts of the city. In the past, we Chinese have learnt so many hard and painful lessons. We could have had a Beijing with more Chinese traditional characteristics, more valuable cultural heritage preserved and above all more integral and harmonious Tian An-men Square to present to the world. If our grand fathers had been more willing to listen to the advice of some personages, mankind could have known another Paris of a totally different style in the world.Secondly, with more and more mortals being aware of the value of eco-friendliness, those unconventional, super-futuristic buildings made especially of steel, concrete structures and other eco-unfriendly materials are being increasingly questioned, suspected and forsaken. A China southern city like GY should, perhaps, model its CBD on that of Davos rather than New York or Shanghai. Instead of erecting skyscrapers and towers, GY ought to make its CBD delicate and pleasing, offering bankers and businessmen from across the world comfortable and cozy offices.Finally, a trend that has caught on since some time ago is that regional is international. The world is world nowhere because of its unity and sameness but because of its diversity and variety. To add her own measure of colors to the world, CBD in GY should be local, regional and reflecting the distinctive features of the city. Just a look would give one familiar with her an intimacy “That’s GY all over!” The day when such a CBD is completed, she can be a resort of another sort riveting people all over the world doing business in the area while enjoying her beauty and warm comfort.Therefore, the municipal and city-developers ought to give it a serious thought before turning whatever foreign design company’s blue print to concrete and steel. Maybe we can come up with a better idea – a new type of CBD, eco-friendly, amiable and economical, might set a new precedent! 2009—WRITING:Mandarin, or putonghua, is the standard service sector language in our country. But recently, employees at a big city's subway station have been busy learning dialects of other parts of the country. Proponents say that using dialects in the subway is a way to provide better service. But opponents think that encouraging the use of dialects in public counters the national policy to promote putonghua. What is your opinion?Are Dialects Just as Acceptable in Public Places?(400 words)One possible version: Are Dialects Just as Acceptable in Public Places?As is well known, mandarin, or Putonghua, is the standard service sector language in China. Lately，however, some employees of a metropolitan subway company start using dialects to cater to the needs of people from different areas. This act gave rise to a heated debate around the country. Advocates deem it as an effort to render better service while opponents see the countering effects of such a movement to the national policy of promoting Putonghua across China.When asked of my opinion, I truly find it difficult to offer because I am not adequately informed of the way those employees of the subway company use the dialects. If they just learn dialects in an effort to understand customers better, while insisting speaking Mandarin at the same time, I believe it is absolutely acceptable. However, if they voluntarily talk to customers in dialects, I believe it is unnecessary and really goes against the national policy of promoting Putonghua around the country. Basically, I believe, the former is the case. So, it can be said that I am of the opinion that dialects should be tolerated in public places.Truly, mandarin, which means "common language", is the country's predominant language and is widely used in China, but dialects still enjoy popularity in most parts of the country. Except for some residents in metropolises like Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou, people in most parts of the country communicate in dialectical Chinese in their daily life. For those less educated people in underdeveloped areas, their dialect is their only language. If it were forbidden in public places, they could not communicate at all.Of course, we should promote the use of Putonghua in public places, but we should understand that it takes time. We cannot expect that everyone in the countryside automatically has the ability to speak Putonghua when he or she steps into the big city. They need a process of learning, while subway or bus stations are usually their first class to learn Putonghua. As primary students, they should be allowed the chance to learn step by step. While trying to communicate in Putonghua with customers, workers in service sectors should first learn to understand their customers. So it is nothing to blame for them to learn some daily expressions in various dialects.Therefore, it can be said that the opponents of the practice mentioned above are just making a fuss. And, most possibly, they failed to realize the fact that subway companies are just service sectors, whose primary task is to provide service instead of promoting a language.2008—WRITING: In a few months’ time you are going to graduate from university. How do you think your college years have prepared you for your future life? What I have learned from my years at university?(400 words)One possible version: What I have learned from my years at university?As my college life is drawing to an end, it is about time to raise the question “what have I learned from my years at university？”.To be frank, I did not learn too much.First, as to my professional knowledge, I just followed the flow of curriculum, neither lagged behind nor excelling in the class. I only find myself better in English than in high school or than most of those non-English-majors. I can speak English, but not very fluently; I can write in English, but just some easy articles; I can understand most of the materials in the textbooks, but not very professional or colloquial expressions; I can read in English, but often need to look up words in dictionaries.Secondly, I did not improve myself a lot in other qualities, such as leadership, team-spirit or communicative skills. The only society I joined was a so-called “Broadcast Art League”, in which I worked for only half a year. The only one substantial working experience was interviewing a first-prize winner in a singing contest on campus. The unreasonable pride of the singer offended me and discouraged me from working on.Nor did I acquire any other abilities. I cannot work on computer skillfully. I learned nothing more than English and my second foreign language Japanese. I didn’t win any prize except one to encourage students who have made progress in their study---I once promoted my position in the class from beyond 20 to within 10.So, you may say I am one of those idlers in college and may despise me. But my performance is justifiable.About four years ago, an excellent high school graduate with a fairly high score in the national exams for college admission missed his target in college enrollment. He was denied the chance to enter his first-choice university and was even deprived of the chance to study his first-choice major. He was allocated to his present university to study English, which even did not happen in his dream. Coming from a poor rural family, he had neither the vision nor the power to change his fate. That student is me.Therefore, I may conclude that the greatest harvest in my years in college is depression. But I do not deem it a totally negative thing. Actually, it is a kind of pressure and will transform into motivation in the future. The day I am freed from the present cage, I will utilize my freedom and choose a profession I truly like and make up for all the time I have idled away in college.Behind all this is a lesson I learned from my life in college, that is, however grave a setback one meets, he should not sigh over it for too long. Instead, he should collect himself in time and find out all advantages around him or find a new target and head for it with all his strength. 2007—WRITING: Some people think that financial disparity affects friendship. What do you think?(200 words)One possible version: Financial Disparity: a Barrier for FriendshipFriends are the most important treasures in the world. Throughout our lives, we never stop making friends. Some people think that financial disparity affects friendship. It is difficult for people of different economic backgrounds to become good friends. Without a second thought, some people may rush to dispute this. However, given more rational consideration and careful observation, it has to be admitted that financial disparity is a barrier for friendship.First of all, it is hard for people of different financial backgrounds to share to same interests. Common interest is thought to be the basic bond between two friends, because a friend is someone we spend them together with and we do things together with. For example, a girl from a rich family will probably develop some “expensive” interests like piano-playing or ballet-dancing; while a girl from a poor one may only be able to afford to enjoy some “cheap” hobbies like reading books or collecting used stamps. Therefore, it is rare for the two to meet on the same road of friendship, and it is even rarer for the two to walk down the road side by side. After all, “birds of a feather flock together”.Secondly, financial disparity will make mutual understanding difficult to reach between the rich and the poor. The economically superior ones will not understand why their friends do “not want” to go to the concert with them, why they “prefer” to dine at the dirty and noisy roadside restaurant, and why they “like to wear” the same clothes for several days. I guess they will never underst and if they do not put into their poor friends’ condition. How can you ask a man who has never tasted green apples to tell how tart they are? Obviously, on understanding, no friendship. It is neither the fault of the rich nor that of the poor. It is just that they seem to belong to different worlds.Besides, financial disparity will cause the feeling of being inferior and discriminated for the relatively poor one. Equality is the most important nutrition in friendship, based on which the flower of friendship can bud and blossom. However, because of the disparity in financial matters, the relatively poor one will often live under great pressure and always feel inferior, through which their self-esteem is greatly hurt and the feeling of inequality grows. Without a feeling of equality, friendship is just like a castle in the air.Needless to say, it is difficult for people of different financial backgrounds to become good friends, because it is hard for them to share the same interests and to understand the feelings of each other. No one does not crave for friendship, but remember to plant your flower of friendship in the hearts of those who have similar backgrounds as you, where the flower can live long and blossom lively.2006—WRITING: Joseph Epstein, a famous American writer, once said, “W e decide what is important and what is trivial in life. W e decide (so) that what makes us significant is either what we do or what we refuse to do. But no matter how indifferent the universe may be to our choices and decisions, these choices and decisions are ours to make. W e decide. W e choose. And as we decide and choose, so are our lives formed. In the end, forming our own destiny is what ambition is about.” Do you agree or disagree with him? Ambition (400 words)One possible version: AmbitionWhat is ambition? Answers to this question may differ from person to person. Joseph Epstein, a famous American writer, gave his reply as he said, “We decide what is important and what is trivial in life. We decide (so) that what makes us significant is either what we do or what we refuse to do. No matter how indifferent the universe may be to our choices and decisions, these choices and decisions are ours to make. … In the end, forming our own destiny is what ambition i s about.”I totally agree with Epstein.Life is a series of choices and decisions. Of course, you cannot choose your parents, your color, your race or your nationality. Nor can you decide the brand of diaper you use while you are a baby, or the kindergarten you go to as a kid. They are choices and decisions of your parents. But as you grow up, you begin to make your own decisions. You choose the brand and style of your shoes, you choose the girl or the boy you date with, you choose the cat or the lizard you keep as a pet and you choose the college or university you go to.What is critical here is that you should make sure that you are the decision maker of your own life and do not pass on the right to others, even your parents, because, as Joseph said, ambition is to form your own destiny. A story goes that a disabled young man managed to reach the peak of every famous high mountain in the world before he was 28. He did all this just as his parents told him to do in their will. But the young man committed suicide in the end and his last words were: “now I have nothing to do with all my goals achieved and my fame well established. I have no new goals.” The major cause of the young man’s ruin was, I believe, his lack of consciousness or ability to make his own decisions.Actually, a number of personalities in history at both home and abroad went against the will of their families and risked being discarded by them, but they had scored tremendous success in the end. Chairman Mao Zedong is a case in point. When he was young, he plunged himself into the tide of revolution in China, though his father objected to his choice. Finally, Chairman Mao fulfilled his ambition and led Chinese people to success.To sum up, we should not let ourselves easily influenced by others; we should be the master of our own fate. 2005—WRITING: Interview is frequently used by employers as a means to recruit prospective employees. As a result, there have been many arguments for or against the interview as a selection procedure. What is your opinion? (400 words)One possible version: Interview: An Essential Step in RecruitingThere is no denying the fact that interview is a frequently used means in recruiting prospective employees. Both employers and job-seekers attach increasing importance to this procedure. The former allocate special time and staff for this task while the latter spend a lot of time and energy figuring out answers to possible questions, not to mention the money spent on dress.However, people’s views differ sharply as to the role of interview as a selection procedure. Some hold the positive view. They claim that it is an essential step in selecting talents, while others think light of this method. Personally, I believe that job interview plays an essential role in recruiting.First, interview is of vital importance in recruiting employees for such positions as actors or actresses, shopping assistants, air hostesses, models, etc, which have special demands for physical appearances, bearing and presence. These elements cannot be judged only according to self-description in the resume. This is where the proverb “to see is to believe” works.Secondly, interview reveals more about a prospective employee in such aspects as communicative skills and personalities. There is no doubt that communication is of striking importance in such a society featured by increasingly fine division of labor. Weakness in communication and co-operation would hinder the development and success of an entire team. Some people may be excellent in single work, but they may not be good at coordinating with others. Besides, some may have drawbacks in personalities. Yet this can hardly be seen through the resume. Therefore, interview is needed.Thirdly, through interview, the employer can have a better understanding of the prospective employee’s level of professional knowledge. In a society of increasingly fierce competition, some are tempted to forge diplomas and certificates or exaggerate their capacities. Interview can work as a guard against these liars. Some companies arrange a written test that goes along with job interview. This serves as an effective touchstone.It is true that interview may also prove unreliable. For instance, some interviewees may exert every effort to present themselves as knowledgeable and competent during the interview while actually they are not. However, if they can lie during an interview, they may also cheat in exams or be dishonest in their resumes. An interview wouldn’t add to the risk of recruiting a wrong employee. Actually, it serves as a second check against liars.To sum up, interview is indispensable in recruiting employees in that it can tell more about a candidate.2004—WRITING: It was reported in the press some time ago that a few second-and third-year students in a provincial university decided to try their hands at business in order to get prepared for the future. They opened six small shops near their university. Their teachers and classmates had different opinions about this phenomenon. Some thought that the s tudents’business experience would help them adapt better to society after graduation, while others held a negative view, saying that running shops might occupy too much of the students’ time and energy which should otherwise be devoted to their academic study. What do you think? Should University Students go in for Business? (300 words)One possible version: Should University Students Go in for Business?Nowadays, you may encounter students who are selling stationery or newspapers when you are walking on campus. Some of them have even opened different types of small shops. They assume that in this way they may accumulate some social experiences and get well prepared for their future jobs. However, they can hardly achieve that purpose. What's even worse is that they will waste a lot of time they could have used for study. Therefore, in my opinion, university students should not go in for business because of the following two reasons.Firstly, university students usually have a heavy task of theoretical study. They have a lot of courses to take, a pile of books to read, and all types of homework to finish. These tasks are essential for them to build up a profound and theoretical foundation. After all, university era is the best time when a student can learn theoretical knowledge. They have many years to practice it later, but if they miss the chance to master it systematically, they will certainly regret wasting their best years. Doing business will take them too much time when they can spend on physical exercises, on books and on activities which will make them better people in the future. No matter whether the business turns out successful or ends up a failure, it will eventually distract students from their academic study. So in the end the students will lose much more than what they earn.Secondly, a complete social service network has been established on campus, and the students usually have no chance to compete with the supermarkets which offered much better service and commodities of high quality. These supermarkets sell goods ranging from pens, paper to quilts, from biscuits to cooked meals. Y ou can almost buy whatever you will use in daily life there. Besides, these things are usually cheap. What type of shops the students can run? Most of them do the same business as the supermarkets. What type of goods they offer? Nothing better than those in the supermarkets. As a result, the business run by the students usually end in bankruptcy. Except bitter experiences, they earn nothing.In a word, if university students go in for business, they will inevitably lose not only energy but also time. Therefore, the school authority should forbid the students to run business, and teachers should try their best to persuade the students not to take the risk so early. 2003—WRITING: An English newspaper is currently running a discussion on whether young people in China today are (not) more self-centered and unsympathetic than were previous generations. And the paper is inviting contributions from university students. You have been asked to write a short article for the newspaper to air your views. (300 words)One possible version: A Self-conscious and Sympathetic GenerationIt seems to have become a common consent that young people today are more self-centered and unsympathetic than were previous generations. Many complain that young people are no longer obedient to their parents and always have their own ways of doing things. Some even accuse that young people today seldom show sympathy to others, especially when their own benefits are threatened.I don’t agree with these kinds of opinions. I think young people today are more self-conscious, not self-centered, as some people say. They have better self-esteem and therefore they are able to respect and sympathize with others better.For many older people, they were taught to always put others interests first and ignore their own feelings, even to the sacrifice of their own families. Self-value was unheard of for most of them. Young people today, however, are very blessed to realize that they were born first as individuals and then members of the society. They are supposed to love and respect themselves first and thus learn to love and respect others. They love their parents but don’t agree that they belong to their parents. They have their own wills and own ways of living.Owing to awakening of self-consciousness, young people today show more respect to other people’s choices. One of the many ways by which they express their sympathy is to respect other people’s privacies, encouraging but never prying. They are also very willing to give material and financial supports to the poor. I know two young ladies who have been helping different kids in remote countryside pay their tuition fees for many years and I’ve also worked as a volunteer to help the orphans. Thousands of young volunteers for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games are another case in point for the spirit of devotion in the younger generation.Being self-centered and being self-conscious are two different things and sympathy can be expressed in many different ways. In every generation, there are people who are self-centered and never sympathize with others. Generally speaking, most of the young people today are not like that. Besides respecting their own value, they are kind and sympathetic.。

2012年AMC8真题及英文详解

1. Rachelle uses 3 pounds of meat to make 8 hamburgers for her family. How many pounds of meat does she need to make 24 hamburgers for a neighborhood picnic?Solution 1Since Rachelle uses pounds of meat to make hamburgers, she uses pounds ofmeat to make one hamburger. She'll need 24 times that amount of meat for 24hamburgers, or .Solution 2Rachelle uses meat for hamburgers in the ratio. If we multiply this ratio on top and bottom by 3 to get 24 hamburgers on thebottom, we get. Therefore, she uses 9pounds of meat for 24 hamburgers, making the answer.2. In the country of East Westmore, statisticians estimate there is a baby born every hours and a death every day. To the nearest hundred, how many people areadded to the population of East Westmore each year?There are births and one death everyday in East Westmore. Therefore, the population increases by people everyday. Thus, thereare people added to the population every year. Rounding, we findthe answer is .3. On February 13 The Oshkosh Northwester listed the length of daylight as 10hours and 24 minutes, the sunrise was , and the sunset as . The length of daylight and sunrise were correct, but the sunset was wrong. When did the sun really set?The problem wants us to find the time of sunset and gives us the length of daylight and time of sunrise. So all we have to do is add the length of daylight to the time of sunrise to obtain the answer. Convert 10 hours and 24 minutes into in order to add easier.Adding, we find that the time of sunsetis .4. Peter's family ordered a 12-slice pizza for dinner. Peter ate one slice and shared another slice equally with his brother Paul. What fraction of the pizza did Peter eat?Peter ate slices. The pizza has slices total. Taking the ratio of the amount of slices Peter ate to the amount of slices in the pizza, we find that Peterate of the pizza.5. In the diagram, all angles are right angles and the lengths of the sides are given in centimeters. Note the diagram is not drawn to scale. What is , in centimeters?The figure is the same height on both sides, so the sum of the lengths contributing to the height on the left side will equal the sum of the lengths contributing to the height on the left side.Thus, the answer is .6. A rectangular photograph is placed in a frame that forms a border two inches wide on all sides of the photograph. The photograph measures 8 inches high and 10 inches wide. What is the area of the border, in square inches?First, we start with a sketch. It's always a good idea to start with a picture, although not as detailed as this one.In order to find the area of the frame, we need to subtract the area of the photograph from the area of the photograph and the frame together. The area of the photograph is square inches. The height of the whole frame (including the photograph) would be , and the width of the whole frame, . Therefore, the area of the whole figure wouldbe square inches. Subtracting the area of the photograph from thearea of both the frame and photograph, we find the answer tobe .7. Isabella must take four 100-point tests in her math class. Her goal is to achieve an average grade of 95 on the tests. Her first two test scores were 97 and 91. After seeing her score on the third test, she realized she can still reach her goal. What is the lowest possible score she could have made on the third test?Isabella wants an average grade of on her 4 tests; this also means that shewants the sum of her test scores to be at least (if she goes over this number, she'll be over her goal!). She's already taken two tests, which sumto , which means she needs more points to achieve her desiredaverage. In order to minimize the score on the third test, we assume that Isabella will receive all points on the fourth test. Therefore, the lowest Isabella couldhave scored on the third test would be .8. A shop advertises everything is "half price in today's sale." In addition, a coupon gives a 20% discount on sale prices. Using the coupon, the price today represents what percentage off the original price?Solution 1: With AlgebraLet the original price of an item be .First, everything is half-off, so the price is now .Next, the extra coupon applies 20% off on the sale price, so the price after this discount will be of what it was before. (Notice how this is not applied to the original price; if it were, the solution would be applying 50% + 20 % = 70% off the original price.)The price of the item after all discounts have been applied is . However, we need to find the percentage off the original price, not the currentpercentage of the original price. We then subtract from (the originalprice of the item), to find the answer, .Solution 2: FakesolvingSince the problem implies that the percentage off the original price will be the same for every item in the store, fakesolving is applicable here. Say we are buying an item worth 10 dollars, a convenient number to work with. First, it is clear that we'll get 50% off, which makes the price then 5 dollars. Taking 20% off of 5 dollars gives us 4 dollars. Therefore, we have saved a totalof9. The Fort Worth Zoo has a number of two-legged birds and a number offour-legged mammals. On one visit to the zoo, Margie counted 200 heads and 522 legs. How many of the animals that Margie counted were two-legged birds?Solution 1: AlgebraLet the number of two-legged birds be and the number of four-legged mammals be . We can now use systems of equations to solve this problem.Write two equations:Now multiply the latter equation by .By subtracting the second equation from the first equation, we findthat . Since there were heads, meaning that therewere animals, there were two-legged birds.Solution 2: Cheating the SystemFirst, we "assume" there are 200 two-legged birds only, and 0 four-legged mammals. Of course, this poses a problem, as then there would onlybe legs.Now we have to do some swapping--for every two-legged bird we swap for afour-legged mammal, we gain 2 legs. For example, if we swapped one bird for one mammal, giving 199 birds and 1 mammal, there would be legs.If we swapped two birds for two mammals, there would be legs. If we swapped 50 birds for 50 mammals, there would be legs. Notice that we must gain legs. This means we must swapout birds. Therefore, there must be birds. Checking our work, we find that , and we are correct.10. How many 4-digit numbers greater than 1000 are there that use the four digits of 2012?For this problem, all we need to do is find the amount of valid 4-digit numbers that can be made from the digits of , since all of the valid 4-digit number will always be greater than . The best way to solve this problem is by using casework.There can be only two leading digits, namely or .When the leading digit is , you can make such numbers.When the leading digit is , you can make such numbers.Summing the amounts of numbers, we find that there are such numbers.Notice that the first digit cannot be , as the number is greater than . Therefore,there are three digits that can be in the thousands.The rest three digits of the number have no restrictions, and therefore thereare for each leading digit.Since the two 's are indistinguishable, there are suchnumbers .11. The mean, median, and unique mode of the positive integers 3, 4, 5, 6, 6, 7, and are all equal. What is the value of ?Since there must be an unique mode, and is already repeated twice, cannot beany of the numbers already listed (3, 4, 5, 7). (If it were, the mode would not be unique.) So must be , or a new number.Solution 1: Guess & CheckWe can eliminate answer choices and , because of the above statement. Now we need to test the remaining answer choices.Case 1:Mode:Median:Mean:Since the mean does not equal the median or mode, can also be eliminated. Case 2:Mode:Median:Mean:We are done with this problem, because we have found when , the conditionis satisfied. Therefore, the answer is .Solution 2: AlgebraNotice that the mean of this set of numbers, in terms of , is:Because we know that the mode must be (it can't be any of the numbers alreadylisted, as shown above, and no matter what is, either or a new number, it willnot affect being the mode), and we know that the mode must equal the mean, we can set the expression for the mean and equal:12. What is the units digit of ?The problem wants us to find the units digit of , therefore, we can eliminate the tens digit of , because the tens digit will not affect the final result. So our new expression is . Now we need to look for a pattern in the units digit.We observe that there is a pattern for the units digit which recurs every four powers of three. Using this pattern, we can subtract 1 from 2012 and divide by 4. Theremainder is the power of three that we are looking for, plus one. dividedby leaves a remainder of , so the answer is the units digit of , or . Thus,we find that the units digit of is .13. Jamar bought some pencils costing more than a penny each at the school bookstore and paid . Sharona bought some of the same pencils and paid . How many more pencils did Sharona buy than Jamar?We assume that the price of the pencils remains constant.Convert and to cents. Since the price of the pencils is more than one penny, we can find the price of one pencil (in cents) by taking the greatest commondivisor of and , which is . Therefore, Jamar bought pencilsand Sharona bought pencils. Thus, Sharonabought more pencils than Jamar.14. In the BIG N, a middle school football conference, each team plays every other team exactly once. If a total of 21 conference games were played during the 2012 season, how many teams were members of the BIG N conference?This problem is very similar to a handshake problem. We use theformula to usually find the number of games played (or handshakes). Now we have to use the formula in reverse.So we have the equation . Solving, we find that the number of teams in the BIG N conference is15. The smallest number greater than 2 that leaves a remainder of 2 when divided by 3, 4, 5, or 6 lies between what numbers?To find the answer to this problem, we need to find the least common multipleof , , , and add to the result. The least common multiple of the four numbersis , and by adding , we find that that such number is . Now we need to find theonly given range that contains . The only such range is answer , and so ourfinal answer is .16. Each of the digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 is used only once to make two five-digit numbers so that they have the largest possible sum. Which of the following could be one of the numbers?In order to maximize the sum of the numbers, the numbers must have their digits ordered in decreasing value. There are only two numbers from the answer choiceswith this property: and . To determine the answer we will have to use estimation and the first two digits of the numbers.For the number that would maximize the sum would start with . The firsttwo digits of (when rounded) are . Adding and , we find that the firstthree digits of the sum of the two numbers would be .For the number that would maximize the sum would start with . The firsttwo digits of (when rounded) are . Adding and , we find that the firstthree digits of the sum of the two numbers would be .From the estimations, we can say that the answer to this problem is .In order to determine the largest number possible, we have to evenly distribute the digits when adding. The two numbers that show an example of thisare and . The digits can be interchangeable between numbers because we only care about the actual digits.The first digit must be either or . This immediately knocks out .The second digit must be either or . This doesn't cancel any choices.The third digit must be either or . This knocks out and .The fourth digit must be or . This cancels out .This leaves us with .17. A square with integer side length is cut into 10 squares, all of which have integer side length and at least 8 of which have area 1. What is the smallest possible value of the length of the side of the original square?The first answer choice , can be eliminated since there must be squares with integer side lengths. We then test the next largest sidelength which is . The square with area can be partitioned into squares with area and two squareswith area , which satisfies all the conditions of the problem. Therefore, the smallest possible value of the length of the side of the original square is .18. What is the smallest positive integer that is neither prime nor square and that has no prime factor less than 50?The problem states that the answer cannot be a perfect square or have prime factors less than . Therefore, the answer will be the product of at least twodifferent primes greater than . The two smallest primes greaterthan are and . Multiplying these two primes, we obtain the number ,which is also the smallest number on the list of answer choices. So we are done, andthe answer is .19. In a jar of red, green, and blue marbles, all but 6 are red marbles, all but 8 are green, and all but 4 are blue. How many marbles are in the jar?Let be the number of red marbles, be the number of green marbles, and be the number of blue marbles.If "all but 6 are red marbles", that means that the number of green marbles and the number of blue marbles amount to . Likewise, the number of red marbles and bluemarbles amount to , and the number of red marbles and the number of greenmarbles amount to .We have three equations:We add all the equations to obtain a fourth equation:Now divide by on both sides to find the total number of marbles:Since the sum of the number of red marbles, green marbles, and blue marbles is thenumber of marbles in the jar, the total number of marbles in the jar is .Notice how we never knew how many of each color there were (there is 1 green marble, 5 blue marbles, and 3 red marbles).20. What is the correct ordering of the three numbers , , and , in increasing order?The value of is . Now we give all the fractions a common denominator.Ordering the fractions from least to greatest, we find that they are in the order listed.Therefore, our final answer is .Instead of finding the LCD, we can subtract each fraction from to get a commonnumerator. Thus,All three fractions have common numerator . Now it is obvious the order of thefractions. . Therefore, our answeris .21. Marla has a large white cube that has an edge of 10 feet. She also has enough green paint to cover 300 square feet. Marla uses all the paint to create a white square centered on each face, surrounded by a green border. What is the area of one of the white squares, in square feet?If Marla evenly distributes her square feet of paint between the 6 faces, eachface will get square feet of paint. The surface area of one of the faces of the cube is square feet. Therefore, there willbe square feet of white on each side.22. Let be a set of nine distinct integers. Six of the elements are 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, and 14. What is the number of possible values of the median of ?First, we find that the minimum value of the median of will be .We then experiment with sequences of numbers to determine other possible medians.Median:Sequence:Median:Sequence:Median:Sequence:Median:Sequence:Median:Sequence:Median:Sequence:Any number greater than also cannot be a median of set .There are then possible medians of set .23. An equilateral triangle and a regular hexagon have equal perimeters. If the area of the triangle is 4, what is the area of the hexagon?Let the perimeter of the equilateral triangle be . The side length of the equilateral triangle would then be and the sidelength of the hexagon would be .A hexagon contains six equilateral triangles. One of these triangles would be similar to the large equilateral triangle in the ratio , since the sidelength of the smallequilateral triangle is half the sidelength of the large one. Thus, the area of one of the small equilateral triangles is . The area of the hexagon isthen .Let the side length of the equilateral triangle be and the side length of the hexagonbe . Since the perimeters are equal, we must have which reducesto . Substitute this value in to the area of an equilateral triangle toyield .Setting this equal to gives us . Substitue into the area of a regular hexagon to yield .Therefore, our answer is .The area of an equilateral triangle with side length is .The area of a regular hexagon with side length is .24. A circle of radius 2 is cut into four congruent arcs. The four arcs are joined to form the star figure shown. What is the ratio of the area of the star figure to the area of the original circle?Draw a square around the star figure. The sidelength of this square is , because the sidelength is the diameter of the circle. The square forms -quarter circles aroundthe star figure. This is the equivalent of one large circle with radius , meaning that the total area of the quarter circles is . The area of the square is . Thus, thearea of the star figure is . The area of the circle is . Taking the ratio of thetwo areas, we find the answer is .25. A square with area 4 is inscribed in a square with area 5, with one vertex of the smaller square on each side of the larger square. A vertex of the smaller square divides a side of the larger square into two segments, one of length , and the other of length . What is the value of ?The total area of the four congruent triangles formed by the squares is .Therefore, the area of one of these triangles is . The height of one of these triangles is and the base is . Using the formula for area of the triangle, wehave . Multiply by on both sides to find that the value of is .To solve this problem you could also use algebraic manipulation.Since the area of the large square is , the sidelength is .We then have the equation .We also know that the sidelength of the smaller square is , since its area is . Then,the segment of length and segment of length form a right triangle whose hypotenuse would have length .So our second equation is .Square both equations.Now, subtract, and obtain the equation . We can deduce that the value of is .。

1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。

1 TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2012) -GRADE EIGHT- PART II READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)

In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. TEXT A I used to look at my closet and see clothes. These days, whenever I cast my eyes upon the stacks of shoes and hangers of shirts, sweaters and jackets, I see water. It takes 569 gallons to manufacture a T-shirt, from its start in the cotton fields to its appearance on store shelves. A pair of running shoes? 1,247 gallons. Until last fall, I'd been oblivious to my "water footprint", which is defined as the total volume of freshwater that is used to produce goods and services, according to the Water Footprint Network. The Dutch nonprofit has been working to raise awareness of freshwater scarcity since 2008, but it was through the "Green Blue Book" by Thomas M. Kostigen that I was able to see how my own actions factored in. I've installed gray-water systems to reuse the wastewater from my laundry, machine and bathtub and reroute it to my landscape - systems that save, on average, 50 gallons of water per day. I've set up rain barrels and infiltration pits to collect thousands of gallons of storm water cascading from my roof. I've even entered the last bastion of greendom -installing a composting toilet. Suffice to say, I've been feeling pretty satisfied with myself for all the drinking water I've saved with these big-ticket projects. Now I realize that my daily consumption choices could have an even larger effect –not only on the local water supply but also globally: 1.1 billion people have no access to freshwater, and, in the future, those who do have access will have less of it. To see how much virtual water 1 was using, I logged on to the "Green Blue Book" website and used its water footprint calculator, entering my daily consumption habits. Tallying up the water footprint of my breakfast, lunch, dinner and snacks, as well as my daily dose of over-the-counter uppers and downers - coffee, wine and beer- I'm using 512 gallons of virtual water each day just to feed myself. In a word: alarming. Even more alarming was how much hidden water I was using to get dressed. I'm hardly a clotheshorse, but the few new items I buy once again trumped the amount of water flowing from my faucets each day. If I'm serious about saving water, I realized I could make some simple lifestyle shifts. Looking more closely at the areas in my life that use the most virtual water, it was food and clothes, specifically meat, coffee and, oddly, blue jeans and leather jackets. Being a motorcyclist, I own an unusually large amount of leather - boots and jackets in particular. All of it is enormously water intensive. It takes 7,996 gallons to make a leather.jacket, leather being a byproduct of beef. It takes 2,866 gallons of water to make a single pair of blue jeans, because they're made from water-hogging cotton. Crunching the numbers for the amount of clothes I buy every year, it looks a lot like my friend's swimming pool. My entire closet is borderline Olympic. Gulp. My late resolution is to buy some items used. Underwear and socks are, of course, exempt from this strategy, but 1 have no problem shopping less and also shopping at Goodwill. In fact, I'd been doing that for the past year to save money. My clothes' outrageous water footprint just reintbrced it for me. More conscious living and substitution, rather than sacrifice, are the prevailing ideas with the water footprint. It's one I'm trying, and that's had an unusual upside. I had a hamburger recently, and I enjoyed it a lot more since it is now an occasional treat rather than a weekly habit. 2

(One gallon =3.8 litres) 11. According to the passage, the Water Footprint Network A. made the author aware of freshwater shortage. B. helped the author get to know the Green Blue Book. C. worked for freshwater conservation for nonprofit purposes. D. collaborated with the Green Blue Book in freshwater conservation. 12. Which of the following reasons can best explain the author's feeling of self-satisfaction? A. He made contribution to drinking water conservation in his own way. B. Money spent on upgrading his household facilities was worthwhile. C. His house was equipped with advanced water-saving facilities. D. He could have made even greater contribution by changing his lifestyle. 13. According to the context, "...how mv own actions factored in" means A. how I could contribute to water conservation. B. what efforts I should make to save fresh water. C. what behaviour could be counted as freshwater-saving. D. how much of what I did contributed to freshwater shortage. 14. According to the passage, the author was more alarmed by the fact that A. he was having more meat and coffee. B. his clothes used even more virtual water. C. globally there will be less fresh water. D. his lifestyle was too extravagant. 15. "My entire closet is borderline Olympic" is an example of A. exaggeration. B. analogy. C. understatement. D. euphemism. 16. What is the tone of the author in the last paragraph'? A. Sarcastic. B. Ironic. C. Critical. D. Humorous. TEXT B In her novel of "Reunion, American Style", Rona Jaffe suggests that a class reunion "is more than a sentimental journey. It is also a way of answering the question that lies at the back of nearly all our minds. Did they do better than I?" Jaffe's observation may be misplaced but not completely lost. According to a study conducted by social psychologist Jack Sparacino, the overwhelming majority who attend reunions aren't there invidiously to compare their recent accomplishments with those of their former classmates. Instead, they hope, primarily, to relive their earlier successes. Certainly, a few return to show their former classmates how well they have done; others enjoy observing the changes that have occurred in their classmates (not always in themselves, of course). But the majority who attend their class reunions do so to relive the good times they remember having when they were younger. In his study, Sparacino found that, as high school students, attendees had been more popular, more often regarded as attractive, and more involved in extracurricular activities than those classmates who chose not to attend. For those who turned up at their reunions, then, the old times were also the good times! It would appear that Americans have a special fondness for reunions, judging by their prevalence. Major league baseball players, fraternity members, veterans groups, high school and college graduates, and former Boy Scouts all hold reunions on a regular basis. In addition, family reunions frequently attract blood relatives from faraway places who spend considerable money and time to reunite. Actually, in their affection for reuniting with friends, family or colleagues, Americans are probably no different from any other people, except that Americans have created a mind-boggling number and variety of institutionalized forms of gatherings to facilitate the satisfaction of this desire. Indeed, reunions have increasingly become formal events that are organized on a regular basis and, in the process, they have also become big business.