Unit 16 Firms and factories
中国制造英文作文
中国制造英文作文Made in China。
With the rapid development of China's economy, "Made in China" has become a well-known label around the world. From small household items to large industrial equipment, the "Made in China" label can be found in every corner of the globe. However, the perception of "Made in China" has evolved over the years, from being associated with low-quality products to now being synonymous with innovation, efficiency, and high-quality manufacturing.China has a long history of manufacturing, dating back to ancient times when the country was known for its exquisite silk, porcelain, and other luxury goods. In recent decades, China has become the world's largest manufacturing powerhouse, producing a wide range of products for both domestic and international markets. The country's manufacturing industry has grown rapidly, driven by advancements in technology, infrastructure, and skilledlabor.One of the key factors behind the success of "Made in China" is the country's ability to adapt and innovate. Chinese manufacturers have embraced new technologies and production methods, allowing them to produce high-quality goods at competitive prices. The country has also invested heavily in research and development, leading to breakthroughs in various industries such as electronics, automotive, and aerospace.In addition to innovation, China's manufacturing industry is known for its efficiency and scale. The country's vast network of factories and supply chains allows for mass production of goods, enabling Chinese manufacturers to meet the demands of global markets. This has made China a key player in the global supply chain, with many multinational companies outsourcing their manufacturing to Chinese firms.Furthermore, China's manufacturing industry has also made significant strides in sustainability andenvironmental protection. The government has implemented strict regulations and standards to ensure that factories operate in an environmentally friendly manner. Many manufacturers have also adopted green technologies and practices to reduce their carbon footprint and minimize waste.Despite the many successes of "Made in China," thelabel still faces challenges and criticisms. One of the main issues is the perception of low-quality andcounterfeit products. While this may have been true in the past, Chinese manufacturers have made significant efforts to improve quality control and adhere to international standards. Many Chinese companies have also focused on building their own brands and reputation for quality, rather than simply being known for low-cost manufacturing.In conclusion, "Made in China" has evolved from a symbol of cheap and low-quality products to a mark of innovation, efficiency, and high-quality manufacturing. The country's manufacturing industry has made significant contributions to the global economy and has become anintegral part of the world's supply chain. With continued investment in technology, sustainability, and quality control, "Made in China" will continue to be a driving force in the global manufacturing landscape.。
中国擅长出口的产品和原因 英文作文
中国擅长出口的产品和原因英文作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1China's Top Export Stars and Why They ShineChina is really good at making lots of things and selling them to other countries. I'm going to tell you about some of the top products China exports and why they are so successful.Electronics and ComputersOne of China's biggest exports is electronics like smartphones, computers, and TVs. Companies like Huawei, Oppo, Xiaomi, and Lenovo make really nice and affordable devices that people all over the world want to buy. China can make these products cheaply because there are many big factories with lots of workers. The workers get paid less than in other countries, so the products don't cost as much. China also has easy access to many of the raw materials needed to make electronics.Clothing and TextilesChina is like the world's biggest clothing factory! Tons of clothes, shoes, and textile products are made in China and exported everywhere. China has huge numbers of factories set up just for making clothes, and again, the labor costs are lower than other countries. Leading brands can get their clothes produced very inexpensively in China. Plus, China has long been skilled at textile manufacturing, so they know what they're doing.Machinery and EquipmentMachinery and industrial equipment is another major Chinese export category. China produces everything from construction machinery to factory equipment for all kinds of industries globally. Once again, China can manufacture these heavy-duty machines affordably due to lower operating costs. Many of the world's biggest machinery brands have manufacturing bases in China to take advantage of this.Toys and GamesIf you look at the toys and games you have at home, there's a good chance at least some were made in China! China produces a massive amount of toys, games, and sporting goods that get shipped all around the globe. Whether it's plush toys, action figures, board games, or sporting equipment, China hasbecome a powerhouse at manufacturing all of these inexpensively yet skillfully.What Makes China So Good at Exporting?Okay, so those are some of China's biggest exports. But why is China so successful at producing and exporting all of these goods? Here are some of the key reasons:Low Labor CostsOne of the biggest advantages for China is that wages and labor costs are relatively low compared to many other countries. This allows companies to manufacture products very inexpensively in China.Skilled WorkforceWhile wages are lower in China, the workers are very skilled, especially in industries like electronics, clothing, and machinery manufacturing where China has been doing it for a long time.Abundant Raw MaterialsChina has a lot of natural resources like coal, iron ore, petroleum, and various minerals. This ready supply of raw materials helps China's export industries.Efficient TransportationChina has heavily invested in infrastructure like ports, airports, rail, and highways. This efficient transportation system allows exported goods to be delivered quickly.Government SupportThe Chinese government provides a lot of support to major exporting industries through policies, subsidies, and building up industrial zones. This helps facilitate mass export production.So in summary, China has become one of the world's biggest exporting nations by taking advantage of its low costs, skilled labor, natural resources, solid infrastructure, and government assistance for industries geared towards exports. China's "export machine" helps bring affordable products to consumers globally!篇2What Are China's Best Exports?Hello friends! My name is Lily and I'm going to tell you all about the amazing products that China is really good at exporting to other countries around the world. China has become a manufacturing powerhouse and there are several reasons why certain industries have thrived there. Let me explain!Clothing and TextilesHave you ever noticed the labels on your shirts, pants, or jackets? A huge amount of clothes and textiles are made in China before being shipped everywhere. China excels at clothing exports for a few key reasons:There is a large workforce available for labor-intensive industries like clothing manufacturing. China has a very big population, so there are lots of people to work in the factories.Wages in China, while increasing, are still relatively low compared to many other countries. This helps keep production costs down for companies.China has invested heavily in modern factories and equipment for the textile industry over recent decades. Their operations are very efficient now.There is an established network of raw material suppliers, factories, and transportation routes within China to support this industry.ElectronicsAnother massive export from China is electronics like computers, smartphones, TV screens and so much more. You've probably owned or used lots of electronic devices made in China. Here are some of the reasons this sector thrives:China has positioned itself at the center of global supply chains for electronics manufacturing by offering incentives to major companies.Labor costs in China, while rising, are still economical for labor-intensive assembly of electronics.Clusters of specialized suppliers, factories and skilled workers have developed in certain cities and regions to create productive ecosystems.Investments in advanced manufacturing plants, automation and research help drive innovation in this industry within China.MachineryFrom industrial robots to automotive parts to high-tech equipment, China manufactures and exports a stunning array of machinery. Why is it so strong in this field?China has deliberately worked to move its industries up the value chain into more advanced manufacturing over time.Strategic investments in research, development and education support innovation in machinery and other high-tech sectors.Joint ventures and partnerships have helped transfer important expertise from foreign companies to Chinese firms.Preferential policies like tax incentives have nurtured growth of advanced manufacturing in targeted industries.Renewable Energy ProductsOn a related note, China has rapidly emerged as a global leader in production of solar panels, wind turbines and other renewable energy equipment. How did this happen?The Chinese government has made renewable energy a key national priority to address environmental issues and achieve energy independence.Major investments into R&D, production capability and domestic supply chains have been made to build up this strategic industry.Renewable energy product manufacturing benefits from many of the same factors attracting other high-tech sectors to locate in China.As a large market itself, firms can efficiently manufacture renewable tech for both domestic use and global export.Toys, Games and Sporting GoodsWhen you think of kids' toys, games and sporting equipment, you probably imagine a lot of it being labelled "Made in China", right? Me too! China dominates exports in these areas due to a few reasons:Low production costs, especially for labor-intensive assembly of toys and other consumer goods.Massive economies of scale, as humongous numbers of units can be produced for global markets.Clusters of specialized suppliers, factories and logistics channels have grown up around this industry.Policies have helped China become the world's factory for toys, sporting goods and related products over the past few decades.In SummarySo in conclusion, some of China's biggest and best exports where it really excels are clothing/textiles, electronics, machinery, renewable energy products, and toys/sporting goods. The main reasons China thrives in these industries include its large workforce, low labor costs, advanced manufacturing capabilities, specialized supply chains, investments in R&D and technology,government policies nurturing certain sectors, and massive scale of production. Fascinating, isn't it?While China has achieved so much economic progress, I think it's important that workers get treated fairly with good pay and conditions. Environmental issues tied to industrialization are a big concern too. But overall, China's vast export engine has helped bring affordable products from around the globe. Pretty cool, huh? Let me know if you have any other questions!篇3What China Exports and WhyChina is a country that makes and sells lots of different products to other countries around the world. Some of the top things China exports, which means they make them in China and then ship them to be sold in other places, are electronics, clothes, toys, shoes, and furniture. Let me tell you more about each of these!ElectronicsChina is really good at making all sorts of electronics like computers, smartphones, TVs, and other gadgets. Companies from America, Japan, and other countries actually design a lot of these electronics, but then they have factories in China buildthem. The reason is that labor is cheaper in China, meaning companies don't have to pay workers as much money to build the electronics there. Plus, China has gotten very skilled and efficient at manufacturing electronics over time.You might have an iPhone, PlayStation, or laptop that was assembled in a factory in China. Parts come from different places around the world, but China is great at putting everything together into the final product. So when you buy electronics from Apple, Sony, Microsoft, or other big brands, those products were likely made in China even if the brand is based somewhere else.ClothesPeople all over the world wear clothes, pants, shirts, dresses, and shoes made in China. China has huge clothing factories where workers operate sewing machines to stitch together fabric into shirts, blouses, pants, skirts, and more. China can make clothes very inexpensively because labor is low cost. That's why so many clothing brands have their products manufactured in China rather than in their own countries where labor would cost more.You've probably seen t-shirts, hoodies, or jeans you own that have a "Made in China" label inside. Brands like Nike, Adidas,Gap, Old Navy, and many others get tons of their inventory produced at massive clothing factories in China before shipping it worldwide to stores. China is skilled at low-cost, high-volume clothing manufacturing.ToysA huge number of toys, both traditional toys and high-tech toys, come from China too. China makes plush stuffed animals, dolls, action figures, toy cars, building block sets, board games, video game consoles and accessories, and much more. Toy companies take advantage of China's efficient toy manufacturing capabilities and low labor expenses.So the next time you're playing with a Barbie doll, LEGO set, remote control car, or video game system, check the packaging or product info - it was likely made in China! Big toy brands like Hasbro, Mattel, and others rely heavily on China for toy production.ShoesChina is one of the world's top producers and exporters of shoes and footwear too. All types of shoes from athletic sneakers to dress shoes to sandals are made in huge shoe factories acrossChina. Well-known athletic shoe brands like Nike, Adidas, Puma, and Skechers have their shoes manufactured in China.The shoe factories in China use cost-effective labor to stitch, glue, and assemble all the components that go into each pair of shoes. It's cheaper than making the same shoes in countries like the United States where labor costs would be much higher. That affordability makes China incredibly productive atmass-producing athletic shoes, boots, heels, and footwear of all kinds for sale globally.FurnitureFinally, furniture used around the home and in offices is another major export from China. China makes bookcases, couches, chairs, tables, beds, and pretty much any other wood, metal, or upholstered furniture you can imagine. Many large furniture brands and distributors place their manufacturing orders with Chinese factories.China has ready access to natural resources like wood as well as cost-efficient labor to build furniture pieces. Massive furniture factories employ thousands of workers to cut, assemble, stain, and package furniture for export worldwide. When you buy inexpensive furniture from stores like IKEA, there's a good chance it was made in China.So those are some of the top products and categories of goods that China exports in huge volumes around the world - electronics, clothing, toys, shoes, and furniture. The major reasons that China dominates manufacturing in these areas are:Large skilled labor force able to work in factoriesVery low labor costs compared to other countriesMassive factory production capabilities and capacityEfficient logistics and supply chains for exportsAccess to natural resources like woods, metals, etc.Perfecting high-volume, low-cost manufacturing over timeChina can make things inexpensively but in massive quantities to supply products affordably around the globe. While quality used to be an issue years ago, China has improved tremendously at producing good quality items too, especially for larger brands with strict standards.No matter where you live, odds are many of the electronics, clothes, toys, shoes, and furniture you use and enjoy came from hardworking factories in the manufacturing powerhouse of China! The ability to export affordable goods in great volumes is one of the biggest reasons China has such a strong economy.。
unit16 Travel and Transport 1
• 8 周末n. • 9 假期n. • 10 交通,来往的 车辆n. • 11 覆盖, 掩盖v. • 12传, 递v. • 13等候v. • 14 提供v.
8. weekend 9. vacation 10. traffic 11. cover 12. pass 13. wait 14. provide
• • • • • • •
15 tourist 16 expense 17 schedule 18 passport 19 baggage 20 ticket 21 flight
22 locate 23 board 24 fly 25 drive 26 ride 27 walk 28 cover
8. provide sb with sth/provide sth for sb 9. arrive at/in 10. be located in 11. cover an area of 12. places of interest 13. make progress 14 a way of doing sth. = a way to do sth.
A: What are you going to do in winter vacation? B: I plan to travel aboard. A: Wow, it sounds so great. By the way, which country do you want to go? B: UK. It is said that UK is a beautiful country. I want to see it on my own. A: Yeah, it worths a visit. Have a good time!
15 在去某地的 15 on one’s way to sw. 16 leave for … 路上 16 动身去某地
Unit8-复旦曾道明研究生综合英语(1)(修订版)
Unit 8 The Business World as a Hunting Ground
shipping bound for Britain. In April 1940 Germany occupied several Norwegian ports and all of Denmark. On May 10 the major German offensive in the west began with a lightning weep through the Netherlands and Belgium into France; by June 22 three-fifths of France, including Paris, was occupied, and the rest had become a neutral state with its government at Vichy. During August-September the German Luftwaffe (Air Force) launched massive bombing raids on Great Britain in an attempt to soften it up for a cross-Channel invasion. The Battle of Britain was won by the Royal Air Force, however, and Hitler postponed the invasion indefinitely.
marries?
Unit 8 The Business World as a Hunting Ground
Additional lnformation for the Teacher’s Reference
大学英语综合教程 U6课件
Made in China
Innovation English
Integrated Course Book 4
01 Lead-in 03 After-reading
content
02 Text A Detailed study of the text From structure to text
0
Text A
2
Text A
Intensive Reading
Detailed Study of the Text From Structure to Text
Text A
Going Global: Chinese Firms Abroad
① Amid the torrent of clothes, electronics and toys surging out of China comes a little noticed export: international companies. ② For centuries, individual Chinese have sought their fortunes abroad, creating Chinatowns around their restaurants and shops. Now, Chinese firms are going global, pushed by government economic policies, pulled by untapped markets and armed with bundles of money from a thriving economy back home. ③ Auto plants are popping up in Latin America. A sprawling commodity bazaar promises a provincial Swedish city new life. A car parts distributor is snapping up ailing companies in the U.S. Rust Belt, a TV factory hums in South Africa and a hightech firm is contracts to revamp the Persian Gulfs networks.
初级商务英语听说 unit 16Business Culture
B Listen to the second part of the interview. Try to get as much information as possible and then match the persons in Column A with the deeds in Column B.
B Work in pairs and find out which one of you two can memorize more rules or customs.
3.2 Business meetings
A Listen to the passage about different rules in business meetings, and decide whether the following statements are true or false by putting a tick (√) in the correct box.
4.2 Business dining in different countries /regions
A Listen to a woman talking about business entertaining in the United States and decide whether the following statements are true or false by putting a tick (√) in the correct box.
2.2Two colleagues are talking about some “dos” and “don’ts” about business culture when doing business in Malaysia, China and Cuba.
雅思写作task2议论文--1
Task 2——议论文题型介绍•There is a tendency that news reports in the media focus on problems and emergencies rather than positive developments, which is harmful to the individual and to society.To what extent do you agree or disagree?•Governments should give financial support to art projects such as theaters and museums, while others suggest that the money should be spent on health care and education.Discuss both views and give your own opinion.•In the future, there will be a higher proportion of elderly people than younger people in many countries.Do you think the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?•In most cities and towns, the high volumes of road traffic have become a problem.What are the causes of that and what actions could be taken to solve this problem?写作步骤•准确理解题意（题材+题型）•勾画关键词•双方构思•确定结构题目分析(1)There is a tendency that news reports in the media focus on problems and emergencies rather than positive development, which is harmful to the individual and to society.To what extent do you agree or disagree? (2012-04-14 )•双方构思∙报道社会问题/ 紧急情况有害引起恐慌对社会发展失去信心∙报道社会问题/ 紧急情况有益唤起重视，提高意识发现问题才能解决问题•同类题型范文赏析Traffic and housing problems in major cities would be solved by moving big companies, factories and their employees to the countryside.Do you agree or disagree?In major cities, problems with transportation and living conditions are problems most people have to face every day.Some people hold that the principal reason for these problems lies with the big companies and factories located in the city proper. They believe that these companies, factories and even their employees should be moved to the countryside.This is not a satisfactory solution, though.Like anyone else, people engaged by big companies and factories do cause some traffic jams if they drive cars on their way to and from work, and some of them also have difficulty finding an ideal house to dwell in. Great as the number of such employees is, they only constitute a small proportion of the entire population, which consists of more people living in the cities and working in other sectors, such as small firms and schools. In consequence, moving those in big companies and factories to the countryside may ease the transportation and living conditions to a certain extent, but it will not lead to a radical change of the already-existing situation.Moreover, the real cause of traffic and housing problems is that the infrastructure at the moment cannot meet the demand of the rapid development of the cities. Moving companies and employees out only brings about a temporary solution, but does not affect a long-lasting cure. Policies should be made to allow more roads, overpasses, and skyscrapers to be built so as to accommodate the increasing number of automobiles and citizens.In conclusion, actions to implement the improvement of the current traffic and housing problems should await the participation of governments, big and small companies and factories, and people from all walks of life rather than that of a small proportion of employees.❶ 典型结构——同意与否• 开头段写作 In major cities, problems with transportation and living conditions are problems most people have to face every day.Some people hold that the principal reason for these problems lies with the big 话题引入1对反方观点的驳2对己方观点的论3重申己方观点480 90 4050companies and factories located in the city proper. They believe that these companies, factories and even their employees should be moved to the countryside.This is not a satisfactory solution, though.话题引入+主要观点+作者观点A criticism often heard these days is that the subjects taught in schools tend to be too academic, and contribute little to preparing a young person for the real-life tasks.They say that academic subjects are rooted in the past, and are not useful for solving modern problems.I disagree with this point of view for three reasons.话题引入+主要观点+作者观点•开头段写法：∙简单的背景介绍引入话题∙双方对立观点或一方主要观点∙作者观点引起下文•开头段写作举例∙题目:There is a tendency that news reports in the media focus on problems and emergencies rather than positive development, which is harmful to the individualand to society.∙范例:For many people, news is a regular part of life, but today, it is important to note that content of different news including national, local, politics and traffic (背景)∙News tends to be full of negative information instead of positive progress. It has been argued that news reports about social problems and emergencies should beminimized or even restricted. （引入话题）I agree on this suggestion based on the following concerns. （个人观点）•主体段写作From the time they are little girls, females learn about nurturing.First with dolls and later perhaps with younger brothers and sisters, girls are given the role of career. Girls see their mothers in the same roles and so it is natural that they identify this as a female activity.Boys, in contrast, learn competitive role far removed from what it means to nurture.While boys may dream of adventures, girls conditioning means they tend to see the future in terms of raising families.In addition, we needn’t directly associate clothes with our cultural heritage.C hina’s glorious civilization can be illustrated in many different ways, and some ofthem are vanishing.For example, in order times, the Spring Festival was always accompanied by the sound of firecrackers. But now, many cities have banned them. Tradition, including clothing, is changing.。
unit-4-地球不眠之夜-中英对照翻译
第12页，共34页。
Steam burst from holes in the ground. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt.
地上一些洞穴冒出了蒸气。石头山变 成了泥沙河。
第13页，共34页。
农夫注意到，水井的井壁上有深深的裂 缝，裂缝里冒出臭气。
第3页，共34页。
In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat. 在农家大院里，鸡，甚至猪都太紧
张而不想吃食。
第4页，共34页。
Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide. Fish jumped out of their bowls and ponds.
begin-began-begun-beginning
第9页，共34页。
Eleven kilometers directly below the city the greatest earthquake of the 20th century had begun.
二十世纪最大的一次地震就在唐 山市正下方11公里处发生了.
老鼠从田地里跑出来找地方藏身. 鱼从鱼缸和池塘里跳出来.
run-ran-run-running
第5页，共34页。
At about 3:00 am on july 28,1976, some people saw bright lights in the sky.
在1976年7月28日凌晨3点左右，有些
hear-heard-heard-hearing vt. 听到，听见；听说
雅思阅读预测真题库2解析
Music：language we all speak背景词汇：Intervals n间隔Harmoniousness n和谐Ratios n比例Algorithms n算法Emulate n反射；回声Sculpture n雕塑Underlying adj.潜在的Affinity n密切关系Intrigue v密谋Evolutionary adj进化的Frippery n无用的东西Neuroscience 神经系统同义替换：27-31 list of heading27、music isn’t necessary for getting through the day,, and if it aids in reproduction, it does so only in highly direct ways.Scientists have always been intrigued by the connection between music and language28、some 2,500 years ago, Pythagoras was the first to note a direct relationship between the harmoniousness of a tone combination.29、This music is mouth idea is often accompanied by the notion that music formally speaking at least.30、Previous studies have found that many laboratory animals don’t show a great affinity for the human variety of music31、Is as deeply rooted in our biology and in our brains as language is.Regardless of what language they speak the voice all mothers use with babies is the same,something between speech and song.32-38 人物信息matching32、对应在section A第三段：while language has long been considered essential to unlocking the mechanisms of human intelligence.33、对应在B的第二段：Musicologists have long emphasized that while each culture stamps a special identity onto its music;music it self has some universal qualities.=common feature despite cultural influences on it34、对应在B段第三段：Pythagoras was the first to note a direct relationship between the harmoniousness of a tone combination and the physical dimensions of the object that produced it35、对应在C段第一段：the explanation of music , like the explanation of any product of the mind, must be rooted in biology, not in numbers per se.36、对应在D段第二段：Marc Hauser and Josh Mcdermott of Harvard argued in the July issue of Nature Neuroscience that animals don’t create or perceive music the way we do37、对应在C段第一段：Charles Rosen discussed the long------standingnotion that while painting and sculpture reproduce, at least some aspects of the natural world, and writing describes thoughts and feelings we are all familiar with music is entirely abstracted from the world in which we live.38、对应在E段第二段：for babies,music and speech are on a continuum. Mother use musical speech to regulate infants emotional states.39、40、根据主题：the function of music in human societyFacial Expression28-33段落信息matching28、对应在C段：some faces are often falsely read as expressing some emotion, even when they are neutral,.....29、对应在A段：facial expressions are a from of nonverbal communication....but also occur in most other mammals and some other animal species.30、对应在D段：he supports his data with statistics on the relation between the blink rates of presidential candidates and their success in their races31、对应在H段：findings on contempt(which is social)are less clear, though there is at least some preliminary evidence that this emotion and its expression are universally recognized.32、对应在D段：Nervousness can also be measured by examining each candidate’ s perspiration, eye contact and stiffness.34-38 Summary34、对应在G段：the study concluded that certain facial expressions correspond to particular emotions and cannot be covered.=be related to36-38对应在G段：regardless of cultural background, and regardless of whether or not the culture has been isolated or exposed to the mainstream39-40 多选题略Biomimetic Design背景词汇：同义替换：1-5 判断题：1、对应在A段：parker had come here to discover precisely how it does this, not from surly biological interest, but with a concrete purpose in mind......NG2、对应在A段：thewater’s spreading out incredibly fast....Its skin is far more hydrophobic than I thought.\3、对应在4、对应在E段：in reality, gecko feet aren’t sticky---they’re dry and smooth to the touch---and owe their remarkable adhesion to some two billion.spatula-tipped filaments per square centimeter on their toe pads, each filament only a hundred nanometers thick.5、NG6、对应在最后一段：For all the power of the biomimetics paradigm, and the brilliant people who practice it , bio-inspiration has led to surprisingly few mass-produced products and arguably only on e houshold word-----velcro7、对应在最后一段：Velcro, which wa填空题8-138、9、对应在D段：it rumples if you breathe on it and must be reinforced with carbon-fiber spars.10、对应在F段：he also crafted Stickybot’s legs and feet with a process he calls shape deposition manufacturing.11、对应在G段：Stickybot now walks up vertical surfaces of glass, plastic and glazed ceramic.12、对应在G段：the department of defense’s defense advanced research projects agency(DARPA), which funds the project, ha it in mind for surveillance13、对应在G段：I would like to see Stiekybot have a real-world function. Whether it’s a toy or another application. Sure, it would be great if it eventually has lifesavingor humanitarian roleTV Addiction背景词汇：同义替换：14-17 判断题14、对应在A段：Even researchers who study TV for a living marvel at the medium’s hold on them personally.15、对应在A段最后一句：Less attention has been paid to the basic allure of the small screen-----the medium, as opposed to the message16、对应在B段第一句：the term”TV addiction” is imprecise and laden with value judgments, but it captures the essence of a very real phenomenon.17、NG18-20多选题21-24人物信息matching21、对应在A段：Percy Tannenbaum of the University of California at Berkeley has written:”Among life ‘s more embarrassing moments have been countless occasions when I am engaged in conversation in a room while a TV set is on....’22、对应在E段：the attraction seems to spring from our biological“orienting response”First described by Ivan Pavlov in 192723、对应在F段：Esther Thorson of the University of Missouri and their colleagues began to study whether the simple formal features of television24、对应在G段：Annie Lang’s research team at Indiana University has shown that heart rate decreases for four to six seconds after an orienting stimulus25-27 summary25、对应在A段：however stands out for its prominence and ubiquity---the world’s most popular pastime.26、对应在Theory of mind in children14-20人物信息matching14、对应在H段：Schatz studied the spontaneous speech of three-year-olds and found that these children used mental terms.15、对应在B段：Most children under four years gave the incorrect answer that Maxi will look in the green cupboard.16、对应在F段：Lewis investigated older children living in extended families in Crete and Cyprus. They found that children who socially interact with more adults, who have more friends.17、对应在C段：younger children may have been affected by the complexity and too much information of the story in the task described above.=sophisticated reasoning18、对应在E段：Meins and her colleagues have found that what they term mindmindedness in maternal speech to six-month old infants is related to both security o attachment and to TOM abilities.19、对应在F段：young children are more likely to talk about their thoughts and feeling with peers than with their mother.20、对应在最后一段：a different explanation has been put forward by Harris. Summary 21-2721、对应在A段：A considerable amount of research since the mid 1980s has been concerned with what has been termed children ’s theory of mind.22、对应在B段：Maxi left some chocolate in a blue cupboard before he went out.23、对应在B段：Most children under four years gave the incorrect answer that Maxi will look in the green cupboard.24、对应在C段：most normally-developing children are unable to pass the tasks until around age four25、对应在F段：Lewis investigated older children living in extended families in Crete and Cyprus26、对应在F段：They found that children who socially interact with more adults27、对应在F段：it is likely to be more challenging because other children.....Lost tribes of the green Sahara背景词汇Realm n领域Scatter v 分散Rovers n 漫游者Dune n沙丘Inexorable adj 无情的Wick 依靠毛细作用Intermittent 间歇地adjHead off 阻止Desolate 荒无人烟的adjAcquaint with 与...熟悉Skeptical adj 怀疑Interloper 闯入者Intrigue adj好奇的Burial n 埋葬Excavate v 挖掘Strenuous 紧张的Femur 大腿骨Perceptible 可察觉的adjHerder 牧人同义替换：1-3判断题1、对应在4-6简答题7-13summaryCompany Innovation背景词汇：Subscriber 捐献者nProspect 希望；前景nGauge n. 测量仪器；测量标准Innovative 创新的；革命的adj innovation 创新n Merger n (企业等的)合并Consultant n 顾问，咨询者Venture capital n风险投资Entrepreneur n 企业家Pharmaceutical 药物的；制药的adjClinical trials 临床试验Cannibalization n.为修配而拆用旧设备的部件Intrapreneurs n 企业内部强人Property n财产Revenue n税收Shareholder n股东Branches n分支同义替换：28-33 段落信息matching28、F段: devolving power and setting up internal ideas-factories and tracking stocks so that talented staff will not leave.=retain best employees29、C段：trading intangible assets=innovation 无形的财产30、30、G段：....can hinder the sort of innovative behaviour31、B段：The stars of American business tend today to be innovators such as Dell, Amazon and Wal-Mart.=Example of three famous American32、F段：Procter&Gamble is now shifting its entire business focus from countries to products=change its concentration33、E: with plenty of cheap venture capital.....entrepreneurs can conduct early-stage research, selling out to the big firms when they reach expensive.34-37 判断34.对应A段第四行：U magic Systems is a young firm, setting up websites that will allow clients to consult the virtual versions of these personalities=new representative of....35.对应B段第五行：Amazon and Wal-mart, which have produced ideas or products that have changed their industries 不同于e xchanged their innovation experience36.对应 E段take it first to a big company.和题目small company不相符37.对应I段：he tried to hawk his ‘virtual experts’ idea three years ago to the idea labs of firms such as IBM hawk v 兜售38-40 选择38.对应C段倒数第三行trading in intangible assets in the United States has risen from $15 billion 1990 to $100 billion in 1998, with an increasing proportion of the rewards going to small firms and individuals =It is getting more important39.对应D段：In the management of creativity, size is your enemy.文中又举例：大小公司的时间对比：Gillette spent ten years ....It took a British supermarket only a year or so...40对应I段：Sceptical=uncertain含糊的；怀疑的Making copes背景词汇：Clay tablets n黏土便笺Facsimile n传真；复写Press n印刷机Antiques store n古董店Copying press n复印机Typewriter n打字机Carbon paper n 复写纸Shining infrared light n红外线Triumph n成功Ink n 墨水Document n 文件；文档Xerography n 静电复印技术；静电射线透照术Billboard n 宣传板；广告牌Duplicate v 复制stylus 铁笔nPortable adj 便携的Reproducible adj 可再生的同义替换：14-19 判断14、对应在A段第四行：when the Sumerians firstly transposed spoken words into stylus marks on clay tablets. 题目所提到papyrus 纸莎草纸n15、对应在B段：NG 没有提到关于时间的对比和先后顺序16、对应在C段：the machines were displaced, Beginning in the late 1800s...NG17、对应在D段：these machines and their successors were welcomed by secretaries18、对应在D段倒数第三行：All required expensive chemically treated papers.Expensive=costly19、对应在E段倒数第五行：unlike its numerous competitors made sharp,permanent copies on ordinary paperNumerous competitors=earlier copying inventions ordinary paper=plain20-26 summary20对应在E段第二行：introduced its first xerographic, which it called the Model A With many drawbacks=comically difficult to operate21对应在F段第一行：conceive=propose 构想22对应在F段中间：major=big23对应在F段: Carlson’s invention was indeed a commercial triumph24由数字10对应在G段：when he was 10,his favorite possession was a toy typewriter.When he was 10= at the age of 10 fancy=favorite25由New York定位到G段：he would learn there might be useful to him when he became an inventor26对应在G段：his charities business during the final decade of his life was prodigiousLanguage strategy in Multinational company背景词汇：Harmonization n 和谐；融洽Negotiation n 谈判；转让Allowance n. 津贴Vulnerable n.易受攻击的Bonding 结合的Frustration n挫折Functional multilingualism 功能性的多语言Pidgin 详细Transaction n交易Legislation n 方法Aspiration n 渴望；抱负Ambiguity n 含糊Rhetorical 修辞的Pre-requisite n 提前必不可少的东西Negotiation n 谈判Endeavour v努力同义替换：27-32选择类型matching27、对应在B段：a survey of British exporting companies found that over a third used English 3exclusively in dealing with foreign customers.28、29、对应在C段：relying on a mix of languages, pidgins and gestures to communication being regular punctuated.30、对应在C段：16% of international business transaction：are conducted in a cocktail of Languages.31、32、对应在D段：these can be very expensive with a top simultaneous.32、对应在D段：they will of course endeavor to provide a hi-fidelity translation but in this circumstance the interpreter and guess work.33-39 简答题：33、Proto-writing背景词汇：Quipu n古秘鲁人的结绳文字Tally n 帐；记分Ice Age Symbol 冰川时代标志Amerindian pictograms 象形文字Clay tokens 黏土象征Conifer 针叶树Flock paper 毛面纸Excavation n 挖掘Bulla n 垂饰Proto n 原型Decimal system n 小数单位Imperial clerk 帝国职员Notch n刻痕；凹口；峡谷Knot n绳子结Calendar n日历Boulder n卵石Lunar notation n 月亮标记Civilization n 文明Script n 脚本答案更正：28 B29 D30 A31 C32 B33 C34 D35 FALSE36 TRUE37 NOT GIVEN38 TRUE39 NOT GIVEN40 FALSEEducation Philosophy of Children背景词汇：Statistic n 数据Pre-industrial 未工业化的Agrarian economy 农耕经济nMiddle class n 中产阶级Industrial Revolution 工业革命Psychology 心理学Feral children 野孩儿Civilize v使开化Kindergarten n 幼儿园Innocent n 无辜的；清白的Infancy n婴儿期；幼儿infant 婴儿nHomelike adj 在自己家似的Mute n 哑巴; adj哑的，沉默的Naked adj裸体的Embark on....走向Philosophy n哲学同义替换段落信息matching1、A段：对应在第三行：there is evidence that as many as 30 percent of all children died before they were 14 days old.2、C段: his writings on the role of government are seen as foundational to many political movements and activities .....His ideas are equally foundatioanl to several areas of psychology.Politics=political movements3.D段：Jean Jacquesd Rousseau lived during an era of ......Johan Heinrich Pestalozz lived during the early stages of ....=two famous educator4、E段：one of the best documented cases of all the so-called feral children concerned a young man who was captured in a small town in the south of .....Feral children=wild kid5-8 年代信息matching5、对应在B段：for the poorest children, ....as additional in come was needed to help support the family and young children were forced into early employment.=need to work6、对应C段：coupled with the creation of a middle class and the redefinition of roles of family members 1800s7、对应F段：By the time of Froebel’s death in 1852, dozens of kindergartens had created in Germany.8、对应F段：their use increased in Europe and the movement eventually reached and flourished in the United Stated in 20th century人物信息matching9-129、对应在E段倒数第四行：But, after five years and despite all of his efforts, Itard considered the experiment to be a failure=not successful10、对应D段Rousseau observed children and adolescents extensively and spoke of children’s individuality but he based much of his developmental theory on observation in writing the book11、对应B段：the theory was designed to create a emotionally healthy homelike learning environment=promote some emotional activities between school and family 12、对应D段：In the original state of nature,...people were “noble savages”, innocent，free and uncorrupted=corruption is not a characteristic。
新教材unit 16 Scientists at work
Listening
1. Listen to the tape. Tick the things that Mrs. Zhu talks about.
(√ ) safety in the lab ( ) gloves (√ ) long hair
(√ ) experiments ( ) car accidents ( ) shoes ( ) liquids ( √ ) flames (√ ) gases
Cons
Nuclear waste is dangerous for people’s health and environment / expensive to build and keep functioning safely / unnecessary
Speaking
Example:
Building a High-speed Maglev Train
Advantages fast and clean / it has no wheels and no engine / it doesn't’t make any noise It’ a waste of money. It’s much too expensive.
Cons
Dangerous and unnecessary / unnatural / people look the same /
Nuclear energy
Pros
The best way to make electricity instead of coal and oil / limitless resource / clean and doesn‘t’t pollute the air / cheap and good for the economy / used in military affairs (军事）