职称英语考试《卫生类》章节练习题精选及答案0523-125
职称英语考试《卫生类》章节练习题精选及答案0523-75
职称英语考试《卫生类》章节练习题精选及答案0523-751、PopulationThe advantages and disadvantages of large population have long been a subject of discussion among economists. It has been argued that the supply of good land is limited . To feed a large population, inferior land must be cultivated and the good land worked intensively. produces less and this means a lower average income than could be obtained with a smaller population . Other economists have argued that a large population gives more scope for specialization and the development of facilities such as ports, roads and railways, which are not likely to be built unless there is a big demand to justify themOne of the difficulties in carrying out a worldwide birth control program lies in the fact that official attitudes to population growth vary from country to country depending on the level of industrial development and the availability of food and raw materials. In the developing country where a vastly expanded population is pressing hard upon the limits of food, space andnatural resources, concern of government to plane a limit on the birth rate, whatever the consequences may be. In a highly industrialized society the problem may be more complex. A decreasing birth rate may lead to unemployment ____. When the pressure of population on housing declines, prices also decline and the building industry is weakened. Faced with considerations such as these, the government of a developed country may well prefer to see a slowly increasing population, rather than one which is stable or in decline.【单选题】A.which are not likely to be built unless there is a big demand to justify themB.It has been argued that the supply of good land is limitedC.it will be the first concern of government to plane a limit on the birth rate, whatever the consequences may beD.Thus, each person produces less and this means a lower average income than could be obtained with a smallerpopulationE.A small population may mean lower productivity, but a higher average incomeF.because it results in a declining market for manufactured goods正确答案:F答案解析:根据空白处前面的半句话可以找出在语义上和逻辑上都与之连贯的选项。
职称英语考试《卫生类》章节练习题精选及答案0523-157
职称英语考试《卫生类》章节练习题精选及答案0523-1571、Happy Marriage, Happy HeartHappily married people have lower blood pressure than unhappily married people or singles, a Brigham Young University study says.On the other hand, even having a supportive social network did not translate into a blood pressure benefit for singles or unhappily married people, according to the study."There seems to be some unique health benefits from marriage. It's not just being named that benefits health-what's really the most protective of health is having a happy marriage," study author Julianne Holt Lunstad, a psychologist who specializes in relationships and health, said in a prepared statement.The study included 204 married and 99 single adults who wore portable blood - pressure monitors for 24 hours. The monitors recorded blood pressure at random intervals and provided a total of about 72 readings."We wanted to capture participants' blood pressure doingwhatever they normally ____ in everyday life. Getting one or two readings in a clinic is not really representative of the fluctuations (波动) that occur throughout the day," Holt Lunstad said.Overall, happily married people scored four points lower on the blood pressure readings than single adults. The study also found that blood pressure among married people, especially those in happy marriages dropped more during sleep than in single people."Research has shown that people whose blood pressure remains high throughout the night are at much greater risk of heart disease than people whose blood pressure drops," Holt Lunstad said.The study was published in the March 20 issue of the journal Annals (年刊) of Behavioral Medicine.The study also found that unhappily married adults have higher blood pressure than both happily married and single adults. Holt Lunstad noted that married couples can encourage healthy habits in one another, such as eating a healthy diet and having regular doctor visits. People in happy marriages also have a source of emotional support, she said.【单选题】A.takeB.doC.makeD.want正确答案:B答案解析:本题难度不大，考查词义辨析。
职称英语考试《卫生类》章节练习题精选及答案0523-179
职称英语考试《卫生类》章节练习题精选及答案0523-1791、Parkinson's Disease1 Parkinson's disease affects the way you move. It happens when there is a problem with certain nerve cells in the brain. Normally, these nerve cells make an important chemical called dopamine. Dopamine sends signals to the part of your brain that controls movement. It lets your muscles move smoothly and do what you want them to do. When you have Parkinson's, these nerve cells break down. Then you no longer have enough dopamine, and you have trouble moving the way you want to.2 No one knows for sure what makes these nerve cells break down. But scientists are doing a lot of research to look for the answer. They are studying many possible causes, including aging and poisons in the environment. Abnormal genes seem to lead to Parkinson's disease in some people. But so far, there is not enough proof to show that it is always inherited.3 Tremor may be the first symptom you notice. It is one of the most common signs of the disease, although not everyone hasit. More importantly, not everyone with a tremor has Parkinson's disease. Tremor often starts in just one arm or leg or only on one side of the body. It may be worse when you are awake but not moving the affected arm or leg. It may get better when you move the limb or you are asleep. In time, Parkinson's affects muscles all through your body, so it can lead to problems like trouble swallowing or constipation. In the later stages of the disease, a person with Parkinson's may have a fixed or blank expression, trouble speaking, and other problems. Some people also have a decrease in mental skills (dementia).4 At this time, there is no cure for Parkinson's disease. But there are several types of medicines that can control the symptoms and make the disease easier to live with. You 'may not even need treatment if your symptoms are mild. Your doctor may wait to prescribe medicines until your symptoms start to get in the way of your daily life. Your doctor will adjust your medicines as your symptoms get worse. You may need to take several medicines to get the best results.Paragraph 3____【单选题】A.Tips for Patients with the Diseasemon Treatment for the DiseaseC.Means of Diagnosis of the DiseaseD.Typical Symptoms of the DiseaseE.Possible Causes of the DiseaseF.Definition of Parkinson's Disease正确答案:D答案解析:第三段的大意即：帕金森综合征的典型症状是什么？因此选D。
职称英语考试《卫生类》章节练习题精选及答案0523-20
职称英语考试《卫生类》章节练习题精选及答案0523-201、Parkinson's Disease1 Parkinson's disease affects the way you move. It happens when there is a problem with certain nerve cells in the brain. Normally, these nerve cells make an important chemical called dopamine. Dopamine sends signals to the part of your brain that controls movement. It lets your muscles move smoothly and do what you want them to do. When you have Parkinson's, these nerve cells break down. Then you no longer have enough dopamine, and you have trouble moving the way you want to.2 No one knows for sure what makes these nerve cells break down. But scientists are doing a lot of research to look for the answer. They are studying many possible causes, including aging and poisons in the environment. Abnormal genes seem to lead to Parkinson's disease in some people. But so far, there is not enough proof to show that it is always inherited.3 Tremor may be the first symptom you notice. It is one of the most common signs of the disease, although not everyone has it. More importantly, not everyone with a tremor has Parkinson's disease. Tremor often starts in just one arm or leg or only on one side of the body. It may be worse when youare awake but not moving the affected arm or leg. It may get better when you move the limb or you are asleep. In time, Parkinson's affects muscles all through your body, so it can lead to problems like trouble swallowing or constipation. In the later stages of the disease, a person with Parkinson's may have a fixed or blank expression, trouble speaking, and other problems. Some people also have a decrease in mental skills (dementia).4 At this time, there is no cure for Parkinson's disease. But there are several types of medicines that can control the symptoms and make the disease easier to live with. You 'may not even need treatment if your symptoms are mild. Your doctor may wait to prescribe medicines until your symptoms start to get in the way of your daily life. Your doctor will adjust your medicines as your symptoms get worse. You may need to take several medicines to get the best results.Paragraph 4____【单选题】A.Tips for Patients with the Diseasemon Treatment for the DiseaseC.Means of Diagnosis of the DiseaseD.Typical Symptoms of the DiseaseE.Possible Causes of the DiseaseF.Definition of Parkinson's Disease正确答案:B答案解析:第四段的大意即：如何治疗帕金森症？因此选B。
职称英语考试《卫生类》章节练习题精选及答案0523-58
职称英语考试《卫生类》章节练习题精选及答案0523-581、Hurricanes1 Did you know that before 1950, hurricanes had no names? They were simply given numbers. The first names ware simply Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, etc. But in 1953, female names were given because of the unpredictability factor of the storms. In 1979, realizing the sexist nature of such named, the lists were expanded to include both men and women.2 Hurricanes and typhoons are the same things. If they form in the Atlantic, we call these strong storms hurricanes, from the West Indian word hurricane, meaning "big wind. " And if they are pacific storms, they are called typhoons from the Chinese taifun, meaning "great wind. " To be classified as a hurricane, the storm must have maximum winds of at least 75 mph. These storms are big, many hundreds of miles in diameter.3 Hurricanes get their power from water vapor as it gives out its stored-up energy. All water vapor gives out heat as it condenses from a gaseous state to a liquid state over fixed points on the equator. To make a hurricane, you must have extremely wet,warm air, the kind of air that can only be found in tropical regions.4 Scientists have determined that the heat given out in the process of water condensation can be as high as 95 billion kilowatts per hours. In just one day alone, the storm can produce more energy than many industrialized nations need in an entire year! The problem is that we don't know how to make such great energy work for us.5 Predicting the path of a hurricane is one of the most difficult tasks for forecasters, it moves at a typical speed of 15 mph. But not always. Some storms may race along at twice this speed, then suddenly stop and remain in the same location in the ocean for several days. It can be maddening if you live in a coastal area that may be hit.6 The biggest advance in early detection is continuous watch from weather satellites. With these, we can see the storms form and track them fully, from birth to death. While they can still kill people and destroy property, hurricanes will never surprise any nation again.Paragraph 2____【单选题】A.A Short History of Naming HurricanesB.Harnessing the Hurricane EnergyC.Difficulty in Forecasting the Course of a HurricaneD.Huge Energy Stored in a HurricaneE.Forecast a Hurricane Through Satellite WatchingF.No Much Difference Between Hurricane and Typhoon正确答案:F答案解析:由于大风发生的地点不同，其名称也不同。
职称英语考试《卫生类》章节练习题精选及答案0523-174
职称英语考试《卫生类》章节练习题精选及答案0523-1741、Reduce PackagingPressure increased recently on British supermarkets and retailers to reduce packaging as part of an anti - waste campaign. ____ Britain generates 4.6 million tons of household waste every year by packaging.Dozens of people have expressed anger at the excess of plastic wrapping. Campaigners have called on Britain to learn from other European countries, In Belgium, when you buy something in a plastic or glass container, you make a deposit. When returned bottles are put in a vending machine 自动售货机, the deposit is refunded. Environmentalists warn that Britain lags behind in this.There were reports of growing unease among consumers over the amount of packaging they have to deal with. Trade standards officers also object to excessive packaging. This is because too much padding can give buyers a false impression of what they are buying.In response to a campaign by Britain's The Independent newspaper, leading supermarkets have pointed to various initiatives to win the public confidence. tons of cardboard a year by switching to reusable plastic crates 装货箱for transporting its fresh produce.But campaigners said retailers and the government could learn much from anti - waste practices on the Continent. In Sweden, non - recyclable batteries have been taxed since 1991 to encourage a switch to alternatives. This has resulted in a 74 percent reduction in sales. In Germany, plastic bags are unheard of in supermarkets and deposits are paid for reusable plastic and glass beverage bottles.【单选题】A.If a product is over packaged, don't buy it.B.In Belgium, when you buy something in a plastic or glass container, you make a deposit.C.This is because too much padding can give buyers a false impression of what they are buying.D.This has resulted in a 74 percent reduction in sales.E.Tesco said it was saving 112,000 tons of cardboard a year by switching to reusable plastic crates (装货箱) for transporting its fresh produce.F.The campaign was initiated by The Independent newspaper.正确答案:F答案解析:本题难度不是很大，选项意义差异大，比较好排除，本题可以看选项，等到信息提示，使用排除法和代入法。
职称英语考试《卫生类》章节练习题精选及答案0523-59
职称英语考试《卫生类》章节练习题精选及答案0523-591、Importance of Children's Oral HealthFebruary is National Children's Dental(牙齿的) Health Month, but in children good oral(口部的) care is critical every day. The first comprehensive study on the nation's oral health, released recently by the Office of the U. S. Surgeon General, calls dental and oral diseases a "silent epidemic (流行病)", even in children. The report states that more than 51 million school hours are lost each year to dental - related illness. In fact, a recent study pointed to dental care as the most common unmet health need among American children.To help counter this, the American Academy of Periodontology (牙周病学) (AAP) is launching an effort to educate children and parents about the prevention of dental diseases in children. "This is important because oral problems can impact self -esteem for children and lead to problems of eating, speaking and attending to learning," said Michael McGuire, president ofCommon dental problems seen in children are cavities (龋洞) and gingivitis (龈炎), which are found in the majority of U. S. children. "When these problems are not caught early and treated, they can develop into more severe problems and cause unnecessary suffering," said McGuire. "However, much of the time, oral problems are avoidable problems."In the Rio Grande Valley in Texas, a group of more than 120 dentists(牙医) volunteers to deliver dental care to thousands of low - income children each year with its Mobile Dental Unit that travels from school to school."According to the Surgeon General's Report, about 37 percent of children have not had a dental visit before starting school," said McGuire. When children don't see dentists, they miss the opportunity to have problems caught early before they develop into larger, more expensive problems to treat, and parents miss the opportunity to learn how to promote good oral habits in their children.Oral problems in children can develop into more severe problems.【单选题】B.WrongC.Not mentioned正确答案:A答案解析:本题难度不大，答案依据比较明显，带者题干信息词回文章定位，答案依据在文章第四段第二句：When these problems are not caught early and treated，they can develop into more severe problem and cause unnecessary suffering谈到这些问题如果没能及早发现和治疗，会发展成更严重的问题，所以本题和原文句意相符，答案是A。
职称英语考试《卫生类》章节练习题精选及答案0523-101
职称英语考试《卫生类》章节练习题精选及答案0523-1011、Life Expectancy in the Last Hundred YearsA hundred years ago, life expectancy in developed countries was about 47 in the early 21st century, men in the United States and the United Kingdom can expect to live to about 74. Women to about 80, and these ages are rising all the time. What has brought about these changes? When we look at the life span of people 100 years ago, we need to look at the greatest ____ of the time. In the early 20th century, these were the acute and oftenhighly infectious diseases such as smallpox. Many children died very young from these diseases and others, and the weak and elderly were always at risk.In the developed world these diseases are far less deadly today, and in some cases have almost disappeared. A number of factors have led to this: improvements in sanitation and hygiene, the discovery and use of antibiotics, which make bacterial diseases much less dangerous, and vaccinations against common diseases. In addition , people's general health hasimproved with improvements in our general environment: cleaner air, better means of preserving food, better and warmer housing, and better understanding of nutrition. Genetically, we should all be able to live to about 85 but while people do live longer today, there are still some big killers around that are preventing US from consistently reaching that age. The problems that affect people today are the more chronic illnesses, such as heart disease and strokes, and those spread by viruses, such as influenza and AIDS. Of course, cancer is a huge killer as well. In most cases these diseases affect older people, but there are worrying trends in the developed world with problems such as obesity leading to more heart disease and illnesses such as diabetes at younger ages.The killers today can be classed as "lifestyle diseases", which means that it may be possible to halt their progress.【单选题】A.peopleB.killersC.inventionD.nation正确答案:B答案解析:从下一句可以看出此处应指那些不治之症。
职称英语考试《卫生类》章节练习题精选及答案0523-172
职称英语考试《卫生类》章节练习题精选及答案0523-1721、Smallpox virusIt's now a fair bet that we will never see the total extinction of the smallpox virus. The idea was to cap the glorious achievement of 1980, when smallpox was eradicated in the wild, by destroying the killer virus in the last two labs that are supposed to have it—one in the US and one in Russia. If smallpox had truly gone from the planet, what point was there in keeping these reserves?In reality, of course, it was naive to imagine that everyone would let go of such a potential weapon. Undoubtedly several nations still have a few vials. And the last “official” stocks of live virus bred mistrust of the US and Russia, for no obvious gain. Now American researchers have found an animal model of the human disease, opening the way for tests on new treatments and vaccines. So one again there's a good reason to keep the virus—just in case the disease puts in a reappearance.How do we deal with the mistrust of the US and Russia? Simple.Keep the virus under international auspices in a well-guarded UN laboratory that's open to all countries. The US will object, of course, just as it rejects a multilateral approach to just about everything. But it doesn't ____ the idea is wrong. If the virus is useful, then let's make it the servant of all humanity—not just a part of it.【单选题】A.sayB.meanC.stateD.declare正确答案:B答案解析:“It?doesn't?mean?that”是一种固定的表达法，也可以说“It?doesn't mean?to?say?that…”。
职称英语考试《卫生类》章节练习题精选及答案0523-165
职称英语考试《卫生类》章节练习题精选及答案0523-1651、Smallpox virusIt's now a fair bet that we will never see the total extinction of the smallpox virus. The idea was to cap the glorious achievement of 1980, when smallpox was eradicated in the wild, by destroying the killer virus in the last two labs that are supposed to have it—one in the US and one in Russia. If smallpox had truly gone from the planet, what point was there in keeping these reserves?In reality, of course, it was naive to imagine that everyone would let go of such a potential weapon. Undoubtedly several nations still have a few vials. ____ the last “official” stocks of live virus bred mistrust of the US and Russia, for no obvious gain.Now American researchers have found an animal model of the human disease, opening the way for tests on new treatments and vaccines. So one again there's a good reason to keep the virus—just in case the disease puts in a reappearance.How do we deal with the mistrust of the US and Russia? Simple. Keep the virus under international auspices in a well-guarded UN laboratory that's open to all countries. The US will object, of course, just as it rejects a multilateral approach to just about everything. But it doesn't mean the idea is wrong. If the virus is useful, then let's make it the servant of all humanity—not just a part of it.【单选题】A.AndB.WhileC.WhereasD.Although正确答案:A答案解析:上一句句末的标点符号表明本句是一个独立的句子。
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1
职称英语考试《卫生类》章节练习题精选及
答案0523-125
1、The two banks have announced plans to merge next year.【单
选题】
A.combine
B.sell
C.close
D.break
正确答案:A
答案解析:题干大意：两家银行已宣布了明年合并的计划。
merge意为“联合”，如：Rover?is?to?merge?with?the?BMW.
2
（罗孚要和宝马公司合并。）combine意为“合并”，最符合
题意，如：combine?theories?with?practical?experiences（将
实践经验和理论相结合）。sell意为“出售”，如：
How?can?you?sell?out?an?old?car?（你怎样能将这辆老车卖
出去？）close意为“关闭”，如：Close?the?door?please.（请
关门。）break意为“打碎”，如：break?a?vase（打破花瓶）。
1、The main purpose of this meeting is to elect a new chairman.
【单选题】
A.dominant
B.minor
C.key
D.major
正确答案:D
3
答案解析:main和major同义：主要的；dominant:占统治地
位的、占优势的；minor:次要的；key:重要的、关键的。
1、I?propose?that?we?discussed?this?at?the?next?meeting.
【单选题】
A.request
B.suggest
C.demand
D.order
正确答案:B
答案解析:题干大意：我建议我们在下次的会议上讨论这个问
题。句中propose意为“建议”，四个选项中，suggest与propose
同义。request和demand意思相近，表示要求；order意为
4
“命令”。propose，suggest，request和demand后的从句需
要用虚拟语气，即(should)＋动词原形。
1、Her father was a quiet man with graceful manners.【单选题】
A.polite
B.similar
C.usual
D.bad
正确答案:A
答案解析:她的父亲温文尔雅，是一个安静的人。本题难度不
大，是送分题。graceful是“典雅的，文雅的”，和polite“礼
貌的”意思相近，其他三项都是常用词，和答案意义差异大，
干扰性不强
5
1、Her?father?was?a?quiet?man?with?graceful?manners.【单
选题】
A.polite
B.similar
C.usual
D.bad
正确答案:A
答案解析:题干大意：她的父亲话语不多，举止优雅。graceful
意为“优雅的”，如：The?dancer?was?light?and?graceful.（舞
者的舞姿轻盈优美。）polite意为“有礼貌的”，最符合题意，
如：a?polite?behavior（有礼貌的行为）。similar意为“类似
的”，如：a?word?or?phrase?of?similar?meaning（意义相近
的词或词组）。usual意为“通常的”，如：