2017年招收攻读硕士研究生入学考试试题1
2017年天津城建大学攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题A卷
考试科目代码：813 考试科目名称：环境工程微生物学招生专业：083000环境科学与工程；085229 环境工程（专业学位）--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------提示：所有答案一律写在答题纸上一、 不定项选择题（本题共10小题，每题1.5分，共15分）本题为不定项选择题，多选、少选、错选均不得分1．主动运输过程，营养物质运动（）。
A、顺浓度梯度B、与浓度梯度一致C、消耗能量D、向低分子浓度区域2. 细菌的基本结构包括（）。
A、细胞膜B、细胞质C、细胞壁D、鞭毛，藻类为细菌提供氧气，两者构成了（）。
3. 氧化塘中，细菌为藻类提供CO2A、捕食关系B、互生关系C、寄生关系D、共生关系4．质粒可应用于（）。
A、生物育种B、基因工程C、转化D、转导5．可用于评价水体自净程度的指标包括（）。
A、P/H指数B、氧浓度昼夜变化幅度和氧垂曲线C、硫细菌数量D、TN、TP6．PCR技术的特点有（）。
A、选择性的体内扩增DNA或RNAB、普适性的体外扩增DNA或RNAC、选择性的体外扩增DNA或RNAD、普适性的体内扩增DNA或RNA7．蓝细菌属于（）。
A、真菌B、革兰氏阳性菌C、真核生物D、原核生物E、光能自养微生物8．自来水加氯消毒时，进入微生物体内起消毒作用的主要是（）。
A、OCl-B、HOClC、Cl-D、Cl29．污泥消化过程中，活性污泥中微生物大多处于（）生长阶段。
A、对数期B、稳定期C、衰亡期D、缓慢期10．分子遗传学的中心法则中，储存在DNA上的遗传信息（）为RNA，（）考试科目代码：813 考试科目名称：环境工程微生物学招生专业：083000环境科学与工程；085229 环境工程（专业学位）------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 为蛋白质。
山东师范大学2017年硕士研究生入学考试试题(333 教育综合)
山东师范大学2017年硕士研究生入学考试试题（333 教育综合）
一、名词解释（5分*6=30分）
1、教学评价
2、上位学习
3、成就动机
4、教育准备说
5、苏湖教法
6、平民教育思潮
二、辨析题（10分*3=30分）
1、课程内容即教材内容
2、智力水平高的人，创造力也高
3、蔡元培改革北大的“思想自由，兼容并包”指所有思想无所不包
三、简答题
1、教师角色冲突的表现
2、文化对教育的制约与影响
3、课程目标的几种基本陈述方式
4、有意义学习的条件
5、夸美纽斯教育思想的主要内容
6、比较察举制和九品中正制的异同
四、论述题
1、材料分析，教育对人的发展作用
2、评述苏格拉底法。
2016、2017年硕士研究生考试试题
长安大学2016年硕士研究生入学试题一、名词解释（20分，每个2分）1.汽车的最高车速2.空气阻力3.发动机的负荷率4.比功率5.制动器的热衰退6.转向盘角阶跃输入的瞬态响应7.中性转向点8.附着椭圆9.侧倾转向10.最小离地间隙二、简答题（7x5分=35分）1.画出具有5挡变速器的汽车驱动力——行驶阻力平衡图，并说明如何根据该图确定其在某一道路上行驶时的动力性指标，分析越野车、小轿车、城市公交车对动力性的不同要求。
2.试说明如何用发动机的最小燃油消耗率曲线和克服行驶阻力需要提供的功率曲线，确定无级变速器的调速原理，以达到最佳燃油经济性的目的。
3.简要分析最小传动比对动力性个经济性的影响，并绘图说明如何进行最小传动比的选择。
4.汽车在光滑路面上高速制动时，为何后轮抱死是一种危险的工况？对于轻型火车满载与空载两种情况下，哪一种更容易出现后轮抱死的现象？为什么？5.横向稳定杆的作用是什么？给汽车前悬架加装横向稳定杆对操作稳定性有什么影响？6.分析平顺性常用的振动响应量有哪些？人体对水平与垂直振动的敏感频率为多少？在平顺性评价的方法中如何考虑这些区域？7.简述挂钩牵引力的定义和作用？分析说明地面接触面积相同的轮胎和履带具备什么样的特点，哪个能产生较大的挂钩牵引力？三、论述推导题（5x10分=35分）1.什么是燃油经济性——加速时间曲线？根据图1，要求加速时间在14s 以内应选取哪一种发动机，为什么？根据图2，分析如何选择变速器和确定汽车的最佳主减速比？图1 图22.画出线性二自由度的汽车模型，表示出汽车的受力运动关系。
3.分析前悬架采用钢板弹簧的汽车，在车厢侧倾时汽车操纵稳定性的变化。
4.从汽车操纵稳定性分析，高速轿车特别是赛车，为什么采用超宽断面的轮胎？画图说明汽车车轮外倾时为什么会产生回正力矩，并分析为什么正的外倾角会产生负的回正力矩？5.什么是汽车的横摆角速度增益？列出横摆角速度增益和稳定性因素的公式，并以此为据分析：（1）装载后汽车重心后移对汽车转向特性的影响；（2）前轮充气气压大于标准气压对汽车转向特性的影响；（3）在侧向力的作用下，后轴左右车轮载荷的变化对汽车转向特性的影响； （4）后轮气压低于标准气压对汽车转向特性的影响； 四、计算题（45分）1.某轿车，已知：m ＝1600kg,d C ＝0.45,A ＝22m ,δ＝1.0,a ＝1450mm,b ＝1250mm,g h =630mm ，1g i =3.58，0i =4.08，η=0.9，r=300mm ，m 140max ⋅=N T tq ， 低速行驶时V （km/h ）随时间t （s ）的变化拟合曲线V=20-0.45t 。
广东海洋大学2017年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试《农业综合知识四》342试卷(含答案和注释)
广东海洋大学2017年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试《农业知识综合四》(342)试卷（请将答案写在答题纸上，写在试卷上不给分。
本科目满分150分）一、填空题(每空1分，共20分)1、农业多功能性是指农业除了具有提供（食物）和纤维等多种商品的功能外，同时还具有其它经济、社会和环境等方面的（非商品）产出功能，这些功能所产生的有形结果和无形结果的价值无法通过市场交易和产品价格来体现。
农经p62、农产品（供给）是指农产品生产经营者在一定时间内、在一定价格条件下愿意并可能出售的某种商品农产品的（数量）。
农经3、土地产权是指由土地制度界定的关于土地这一财产的一切（权利）的总和。
包括土地（所有权）、占有权、使用权、处置权、收益权等。
农经p1304、乡城人口迁移的（动机）决定于城乡预期收入的差异，差异越大，流入（城市）的人口就越多；距离越短，流入的量就越大。
农经p1535、农业家庭经营是指以农民家庭为相对（独立）的生产经营单位，以家庭（劳动力）为主所从事的农业生产经营活动，因此又称其为农户或家庭农场。
农经p1996、不同的农业产业化经营组织形式，其形成与否主要看内部组织费用和市场交易费用的（比较）。
如果组织费用低于交易费用，那么（纵向）一体化组织就会得以产生和发展；反之，如果组织费用高于交易费用，那么一体化组织就会萎缩解体或难以产生与发展。
农经p2347、危害分析与关键控制点是鉴别、评价和控制对（）安全有重要危害的一种（）性管理制度。
8、在种植业中，粮食生产为畜牧业服务的趋势正日趋明显；经济作物、水果、疏菜、饮料作物在种植业中的比重日益（增大），观赏植物，花卉盆景等生产部门的发展速度也在（加快）。
9、技术进步是农业可持续发展的源泉，但它只是必要条件而（非充分）条件。
要使技术得到广泛有效的利用，并使技术本身的进步得到充分的激励，还必须进行产权、政策等制度方面的（创新）。
农经p29510、（中国生态）农业是从系统的思想出发，按照生态学原理、经济学原理和生态经济学原理，运用现代科学技术成果和现代管理手段以及传统农业的有效经验建立起来，以期获得较高的经济效益、生态效益和社会效益的现代化的农业发展（模式）。
暨南大学2017年《353卫生综合》考研专业课真题试卷
2017年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题******************************************************************************************** 招生专业与代码：流行病与卫生统计学100401、劳动卫生与环境卫生学100402、营养与食品卫生学100403、儿少卫生与妇幼保健学100404、卫生毒理学100405、公共卫生（专业学位）105300考试科目名称及代码：卫生综合353考生注意：所有答案必须写在答题纸（卷）上，写在本试题上一律不给分。
一、最佳选择题（从4个备选答案中选1个正确的答案，每题4分，共152分。
）1. 流行病学的病因定义是( )A. 只要疾病发生，必然有病因存在B. 病因存在，必然引起疾病C. 引起病理变化的因素D. 引起疾病发生概率升高的因素2. 某病的续发率是指( )A. (接触者中发病人数/接触者总人数)×100％B. (同等身份的接触者中发病人数/同等身份人数)×100％C. (一个潜伏期内接触者中发病人数/接触者总人数)×100％D. (一个潜伏期内接触者中患有该病人数/接触者总人数)×100％3. 关于患病率的叙述，下列哪项是错误的?( )A. 患病率的增加不一定表示发病率的增加B. 患病率的调查对于病程短的疾病没有多大用途C. 患病率的用途没有发病率大D. 患病率的单位是人年4. 下列哪种情况，某种疾病的患病率与发病率之比值将增大?( )A. 病死率高B. 该病病程长C. 该病病程短D. 暴露时间长5. 描述性研究不包括( )A. 生态学研究B. 横断面调查C. 队列研究D. 个例调查6. 病例对照研究的缺点是( )A. 不适于研究发病率低的疾病B. 选择合适的病例与对照困难C. 不能判定某因素与疾病的可能因果关系D. 很难避免某些偏倚的发生考试科目：卫生综合共7页，第1页。
翻译硕士英语2017年南京航空航天大学硕士研究生考试真题
南京航空航天大学2017年硕士研究生入学考试初试试题 A卷 科目代码:211满分:100 分科目名称:翻译硕士英语注意: ①认真阅读答题纸上的注意事项；②所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在本试题纸或草稿纸上均无效；③本试题纸须随答题纸一起装入试题袋中交回！I. Vocabulary and Structure (20 points)Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A., B., C. and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then write down your answer on the Answer Sheet.1. Only after he handed in his paper _____ he had made a few spelling mistakes.A. he realizedB. has he realizedC. did he realizeD. would he realize2. ____ is most touching in O Henry’s stories is the bravery with which ordinary people struggle to maintaintheir dignity.A. WhichB. WhatC. ThatD. One3.______ we have everything ready, we should begin right now.A. Since thatB. Since nowC. By nowD. Now that4. “John told me that he was late for school this morning.” “Oh, he rarely used to be late, ______?”A. wasn’t heB. was heC. didn’t heD. did he5. “Mrs. White is quite unfriendly.” “I think she’s ____ than unfriendly.”A. shyerB. shyC. more shy ratherD. more shy6. If the fire alarm is sounded, all residents are requested to ______ in the courtyard.A. combineB. uniteC. mobilizeD. assemble7. Such a change would not _____ to the present wishes of the great majority of people.A. comfortB. complyC. conformD. confirm8. Your dislike for women drivers has no logical foundation: it is due only to ______..A. preferenceB. prejudiceC. psychologyD. propaganda9. The doctor carefully examined the driver who suffered ______ all over his body in a car accident.A. scarsB. scratchesC. bruisesD. wrenches10. Police officer assures us ______ will be taken to guard against the recurrence of such incidents.A. preventionB. preparationC. predictionD. precaution11. A baby might show fear of an unfamiliar adult, _____ he is likely to smile and reach out to another infant.A. asB. ifC. wheneverD. whereas12. One of the most beautiful natural wonders in the United States is the Grand Canyon, ______ located innorthwestern Arizona.A. beingB. whereC. which isD. and13. His acceptance speech was _______, eliciting thunderous applause at several points.A. tediousB. cowardlyC. well-receivedD. loud14. During the war, the shipping lanes proved _____ to attack.A．vulnerable B．dangerous C．futile D．difficult15. After speaking for two hours, the lecturer found he could scarcely talk, so he had become______.A．hoarse B．inarticulate C．speechless D．tongue-tied16. We decided to ______ the program.A. carry awayB. adhere toC. give inD. get at17. He is very cute and always _____ giving offence.A. cautious ofB. aware ofC. certain aboutD. good at18. Diamonds that are _____ or are too small for jewelry are used to cut very hard metals.A. flawedB. perfectC. luminousD. crude19. Leaves are not distributed _____ on a plant stem, but are arranged in a very precise way that assures them the maximum light.A. dangerouslyB. randomlyC. denselyD. linearly20. Accountants record all information ______ the economic aspects of an organization’s activities.A. submitted toB. limitingC. pertinent toD. taxingII. Reading Comprehension (30 points)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A., B., C. and D. You should decide on the best choice and write down your answer on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1The standardized educational or psychological tests, which are widely used to aid in selecting, assigning or promoting students, employees and military personnel, have been the target of recent attacks in books, magazines, the daily press, and even in Congress. The target is wrong, for, in attacking the tests, critics divert attention from the fault that lies with ill-informed or incompetent users. The tests themselves are merely tools, with characteristics that can be measured with reasonable precision under specified condition. Whether the results will be valuable, meaningless, or even misleading depends partly upon the tool itself but largely upon the user.All informed predictions of future performance are based upon some knowledge of relevant past performance. How well the predictions will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted. Anyone who keeps careful score knows that the information available is always incomplete and that the predictions are always subject to error.Standardized tests should be considered in this context: they provide a quick, objective method of getting some kind of information about what a person has learned, the skills he has developed, or the kind of person he is. The information so obtained has, qualitatively, the same advantages and shortcomings as other kinds of information. Whether to use tests, other kinds of information, or both in a particular situation depends, therefore, upon the empirical evidence concerning comparative validity and upon such factors as cost and availability.In general, the tests work most effectively when the traits or qualities to be measured can be most precisely defined ( for example, ability to do well in a particular course of training program ) and least effectively when what is to be measured or predicted cannot be well defined, for example, personality or creativity. Properly used, they provide a rapid means of getting comparable information about many people. Sometimes they identify students whose high potential has not been previously recognized.1. In this passage, the author is primarily concerned with _________.A. the necessity of standardized testsB. the validity of standardized testsC. the method used to interpret standardized tests’ results.D. the theoretical grounds of standardized tests.2. The author’s attitude toward standardized tests is _______.A. criticalB. vagueC. optimisticD. positive3. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Standardized tests should no longer be used.B. Standardized tests’ results accurately reflect testees’ abilities.C. The value of standardized tests lies in their proper interpretationD. Special methods must be applied to evaluate standardized tests.4. According to the passage, an informed prediction _______.A. can surely be validated by later performanceB. is based on abundant and the most reliable informationC. always tends to be wrong like other predictions tooD. don’t need any interpretation5. According to the passage, standardized tests work most effectively when ____________.A. the objectives to be measured are most precisely defined.B. the user knows how to interpret the results in advance.C. the persons who take the test are intelligent or skillful.D. they measure the traits or qualities of the testsPassage 2A quality education is the basic liberator. It can free people from poverty, giving them the power to greatly improve their lives and take a productive place in society. It can also free communities and countries，allowing them to jump forward into periods of wealth and social unity that otherwise would not be possible. For this reason，the international community has devoted itself to getting all the world’s children into primary school by 2015，a commitment known as Education for All.Can education for All be achieved by 2015? The answer is undoubtedly “yes”，although it is a difficult task．If we now measure the goal in terms of children successfully completing a minimum five years of primary school，instead of just enrolling（注册）for classes，which used to be the measuring stick for education，the challenge will become even more difficult．Only 32 countries were formerly believed to be at risk of not achieving education for all on the basis of enrollment rates．The number rises to 88 if completion rates are used as the standard. Still，the goal is achievable with the right policies and the right support from the international community．59 of the 88 countries at risk can reach universal primary completion by 2015 if they bring the efficiency and quality of their education systems into line with standards observed in higher-performing systems．They also need significant increases in external financing and technical support．The 29 countries lagging farthest behind will not reach the goal without unprecedented rates of progress．But this is attainable with creative solutions，including the use of information technologies，flexible and targeted foreign aid，and fewer people living in poverty．A new plan for achieving global education targets is to be put to development and finance ministers at ameeting of the World Bank’s Development Committee.A key lesson of experience about what makes development effective is that a country’s capacity to use aid well depends heavily on its policies，institutions and management．Where a country scores well on these standards，foreign assistance can be highly effective．The new action plan calls on governments to show their commitment by transforming their education systems. Meanwhile, external partners would provide financial and technical support in a transparent manner.6．In the first paragraph，the author says a quality education has the function of_________．A. helping countries free from foreign rulesB. letting people get rid of any exploitationC. giving people more freedomD. speeding up the progress of society7．According to the international community, the goal of Education for All is to ____.A. get all children to achieve education on the base of enrollment ratesB. make all the children in the world go to primary school by 2015C. let poor children have the same chances as rich ones to go to schoolD. support those countries determined to transform their education systems8. In the past, the enrollment of students for classed played a part of ______.A. ensuring children to complete five years’ education successfullyB. measuring the standard of educationC. measuring teachers’ teaching levelsD. attempting to make all the children in poor countries well educated9. According to the passage, which of the following belongs to the right policy of achieving Education for All?A. Setting up more primary schools.B. Speeding up the development of economy first.C. Using information technologies.D. Increasing the internal financing.10. We can know from the last paragraph that the high efficiency of foreign aid ______.A. depends on a country’s high standards of policies, institutions and managementB. is mainly achieved in those observing high-performing educational systemsC. is the most essential for helping the poor get rid of povertyD. is the most important policy for achieving Education for AllPassage 3.We sometimes think humans are uniquely vulnerable to anxiety, but stress seems to affect the immune defenses of lower animals too. In one experiment, for example, behavioral immunologist (免疫学家)Mark Laudenslager, at the University of Denver, gave mild electric shocks to 24 rats. Half the animals could switch off the current by turning a wheel in their enclosure, while the other half could not. The rats in the two groups were paired so that each time one rat turned the wheel it protected both itself and its helpless partner from the shock. Laudenslager found that the immune response was depressed below normal in the helpless rats but not in those that could turn off the electricity. What he has demonstrated, he believes, is that lack of control over an event, not the experience itself, is what weakens the immune system.Other researchers agree. Jay Weiss, a psychologist at Duke University School of Medicine, has shown thatanimals who are allowed to control unpleasant stimuli don’t develop sleep disturbances or changes in brain chemistry typical of stressed rats. But if the animals are confronted with situations they have no control over, they later behave passively when faced with experiences they can control. Such findings reinforce psychologists’ suspicions that the experience or perception of helplessness is one of the most harmful factors in depression.One of the most startling examples of how the mind can alter the immune response was discovered by chance. In 1975 psychologist Robert Ader at the University of Rochester School of Medicine conditioned (使形成条件反射) mice to avoid saccharin（糖精）by simultaneously feeding them the sweetener and injecting them with a drug that while suppressing their immune systems caused stomach upsets. Associating the saccharin with the stomach pains, the mice quickly learned to avoid the sweetener. In order to extinguish this dislike for the sweetener, Ader re-exposed the animals to saccharin, this time without the drug, and was astonished to find that those mice that had received the highest amounts of sweetener during their earlier conditioning died. He could only speculate that he had so successfully conditioned the rats that saccharin alone now served to weaken their immune systems enough to kill them.11. Laudenslager’s experiment showed that the immune system of those rats who could turn off theelectricity____.A. was strengthenedB. was not affectedC. was alteredD. was weakened12. According to the passage, the experience of helplessness causes rats to______ .A. try to control unpleasant stimuliB. turn off the electricityC. behave passively in controllable situationsD. become abnormally suspicious13. The reason why the mice in Ader’s experiment avoided saccharin was that ______.A. they disliked its tasteB. it affected their immune systemsC. it led to stomach painsD. they associated it with stomachaches14. The passage tells us that the most probable reason for the death of the mice in Ader’s experiment wasthat_____ .A. they had been weakened psychologically by the saccharinB. the sweetener was poisonous to themC. their immune systems had been altered by the mindD. they had taken too much sweetener during earlier conditioning15. It can be concluded from the passage that the immune systems of animals_______.A. can be weakened by conditioningB. can be suppressed by drug injectionsC. can be affected by frequent doses of saccharinD. can be altered by electric shocksPassage 4As one works with color in a practical or experimental way, one is impressed by two apparently unrelated facts. Color as seen is a mobile changeable thing depending to a large extent on the relationship of the color to other colors seen simultaneously. It is not fixed in its relation to the direct stimulus which creates it. On the other hand, the properties of surfaces that give rise to color do not seem to change greatly under a wide variety of illumination colors, usually looking much the same in artificial light as in daylight. Both of these effects seem to be due in large part to the mechanism of color adaptation mentioned earlier.When the eye is fixed on a colored area, there is an immediate readjustment of the sensitivity of the eye to color in and around the area viewed. This readjustment does not immediately affect the color seen but usually does affect the next area to which the gaze is shifted. The longer the time of viewing, the higher the intensity, and the larger the area, the greater the effect will be in terms of its persistence in the succeeding viewing situation. As indicated by the work of Wright and Schouten, it appears that, at least for a first approximation, full adaptation takes place over a very brief time if the adapting source is moderately bright and the eye has been in relative darkness just previously. As the stimulus is allowed to act, however, the effect becomes more persistent in the sense that it takes the eye longer to regain its sensitivity to lower intensities. The net result is that, if the eye is so exposed and then the gaze is transferred to an area of lower intensity, the loss of sensitivity produced by the first area will still be present and appear as an "afterimage" superimposed on the second. The effect not only is present over the actual area causing the "local adaptation" but also spreads with decreasing strength to adjoining areas of the eye to produce "lateral adaptation." Also, because of the persistence of the effect if the eye is shifted around from one object to another, all of which are at similar brightness or have similar colors, the adaptation will tend to become uniform over the whole eye.16. This selection is concerned primarily with ____.A. the adaptation of the eye to colorB. the color of colorsC. the properties of colored surfacesD. the effect of changes in color intensity17. Whether a colored object would, on two viewings separated in time, appear to the viewer as similar or different would depend mostly on ____.A. the color mechanism of the eye in use at the time of each viewingB. what kind of viewing had immediately preceded each of the viewingsC. the properties of the surfaces viewedD. the individual's power of lateral adaptation18. If a person's eye has been looking at an object in bright sunlight for some time, and then shifts to an object not well lit --- such as a lawn or shrub in shadow --- we can expect ____.A. a time lag in the focusing ability of the eyeB. some inability to see colors of the latter---named objects until loss of sensitivity has been regainedC. the immediate loss of the "afterimage" of the first objectD. the adaptation in the central area of the eye but little adaptation in the lateral areas to the new intensitylevel19. The present selection has apparently been preceded by some explanation of ____.A. some experiments with color pigmentsB. the nature of colorC. the color properties of various surfacesD. the mechanism of the eye's adaptation to color20. This selection tells us all the following EXCEPT that ____.A. color depends on what other colors are seenB. the adjustment of the eye to the color it sees affects the next color it seesC. since properties of surfaces that give rise to color do not change, the surfaces of objects always look justthe same in artificial light as in daylightD. the adjustment of the eye is affected by three variables: size of areas, intensity of color and length of timeIII. Translation A (20 points)Directions: Translate the following passages into Chinese. Please write your version in the corresponding space on your Answer Sheet.1.Despite these distinctions, the similarities between manufacturing and service organizations are compelling.Every organization has processes that must be designed and managed effectively. Some type of technology, be it manual or computerized, must be used in each process. Every organization is concerned about quality, productivity, and the timely response to customers. A service organization, like a manufacturer, must make choices about the capacity, location, and layout of its facilities. Every organization deals with suppliers of outside services and materials, as well as scheduling problems. Matching staffing levels and capacities with forecasted demands is a universal problem. Finally, the distinctions between manufacturing and service organizations can get cloudy.2.Anger is good for you, as long as you keep it below a boil, according to a new psychology research basedon face reading. People who respond to stressful situations with short-term anger or indignation have a sense of control and optimism that lacks in those who respond with fear. Therefore, in maddening situations in which anger or indignation are justified, anger is not a bad idea, and the thinking goes.IV. Translation B (15 points)Directions: Translate the following passages into English. Please write your version in the corresponding space on the ANSWER SHEET.1.二战后，日本开始重建时，政府选定汽车、钢材、化学品、造船及机械制造作为支持产业。
青岛科技大学2017年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题考试科目：概率论与数理统计
青 岛 科 技 大 学二○一七年硕士研究生入学考试试题考试科目：概率论与数理统计注意事项：1．本试卷共 9 道大题（共计 16 个小题），满分 150 分；2．本卷属试题卷，答题另有答题卷，答案一律写在答题卷上，写在该试题卷上或草纸上均无效。
要注意试卷清洁，不要在试卷上涂划；3．必须用蓝、黑钢笔或签字笔答题，其它均无效。
﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡1、（10分）有三个朋友去喝咖啡，他们决定用掷硬币的方式确定谁付账：每人掷一枚硬币，如果有人掷出的结果与其他两人不一样，那么由他付账；如果三个人掷出的结果是一样的，那么就重新掷，一直这样下去，直到确定了由谁来付账．求以下事件的概率：（1）进行到了第2轮确定了由谁来付账；（2）进行了3轮还没有确定付账人.2、（15分）某人忘记了电话号码的最后一个数字，因而随机的拨号，求他拨号不超过三次而接通所需电话的概率是多少？如果已知最后一个数字是奇数，那么此概率是多少？3、（20分）甲、乙、丙三人同时对飞机进行射击，三人击中的概率分别为0.4，0.5，0.7.飞机被一人击中而被击落的概率为0.2，被两人击中而被击落的概率为0.6，若三人都击中，飞机必定被击落，求飞机被击落的概率.4、（15分）设连续随机变量的密度函数是一个偶函数，为的分布函数， X ()p x ()F x X 求证：对任意实数，有：0a >（1）；0()1()0.5()aF a F a p x dx -=-=-⎰（2）；(||)2()1P X a F a <=-（3）.(||)2[1()]P X a F a >=-5、（15分）设二维随机变量（X , Y ）的概率密度函数为: (2)2,0,0.(,)0,.x y e x y f x y -+⎧>>⎪=⎨⎪⎩其他（1）求分布函数； （2）求概率(),F x y {}.P Y X ≤6、（15分）设随机变量（X ，Y ）的概率密度函数为：⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧+∞<<<<=+-其它,00,10,),()(y x be y x f y x （1）试确定常数b ；（2）求边缘概率密度f X (x )，f Y (y )；（3）求函数U =max (X , Y )的分布函数.7、（25分）设随机变量（X 1，X 2）具有概率密度函数为：， 0≤x ≤2, 0≤y ≤2 )(81),(y x y x f +=求：E (X 1)，E (X 2)，COV （X 1，X 2），.12()D X X +8、（20分）设X 1，X 1，…，X n 为总体X 的一个样本，总体的密度函数为:, 其中c >0为已知，θ>1，θ为未知参数. (1),()0,c x x c f x θθθ-+⎧>=⎨⎩其它求： （1）参数θ的矩估计量；（2）参数θ的极大似然估计量.9、（15分）某化肥厂用自动包装机包装化肥，每包的质量服从正态分布，其平均质量为100 kg ，标准差为1.2 kg. 某日开工后，为了确定这天包装机工作是否正常，随机抽取9袋化肥，称得质量如下：99.3 98.7 100.5 101.2 98.3 99.7 99.5 102.1 100.5．设方差稳定不变，问这一天包装机的工作是否正常（取α = 0.05）？参考数据： ，0.05 1.645u =0.025 1.96u =。
山东理工大学材料工程2017年硕士学位研究生入学考试试题参考
山东理工大学2017年硕士学位研究生入学考试试题（材料工程）_________________________________________________________________________________________________________一、名词解释（指出概念之间的区别，每题6分，共30分）1.稳定扩散与不稳定扩散2.晶粒生长与二次再结晶3.桥氧与非桥氧4.网络形成体与网络变性体5.置换固溶体与填隙固溶体二、判断(每题3分，共30分)1.扩散的推动力是化学位梯度而不是浓度梯度，所以物质可以从低浓度向高浓度扩散。
(T)2.3T图中的临界冷却速率越小，则意味着熔体容易形成玻璃析晶而难以析晶。
( T)3.杨德尔方程只适用于粉状物料固相反应初期。
( T)4.同一种离子在不同的晶体结构中的配位数不一定相同。
(√)5.离子极化的结果往往使配位数下降。
(T )6.在烧结过程中，任何扩散传质均可导致坯体的收缩。
(F)7.非化学计量化合物的产生与气氛的性质和压力的大小无关。
(X )8.所有共价键化合物都能形成玻璃。
F9.在固液界面的润湿中，增加固体表面的粗糙度一定有利于润湿。
（X)10.以蒸发-凝聚传质为主要传质手段的烧结，延长时间可达到坯体致密化的目的。
(F)三、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1.当液体与固体相接触时，若固体被液体所润湿，则两相的表面张力关系为: （C）A.r sv-r sl <r lvB.r sv-r sl >r IvC. r sv>r sl D、r sv<r sl2.高岭石、蒙脱石、伊利石三种粘土矿物的阳离子交换容量顺序是。
（B）A.高岭石>蒙脱石>伊利石B.蒙脱石>伊利石>高岭石C.伊利石>高岭石>蒙脱石D.伊利石>蒙脱石>高岭石3.粘士吸附下列阳离子，其ξ电位最大的是( c )A、K+B、NH+C、Li+D、Na+4.对烧结与晶粒生长说法错误的是（B）A、二者往往同时发生B、二者的推动力相同C、烧结温度过高易导致晶粒二次再结晶D、控制晶粒生长速度有利于气孔的。
2017年全国硕士研究生考试考研历史真题与答案
2017年全国硕士研究生历史入学统一考试真题与答案一、单项选择题：1~20小题，每小题2分，共40分。
1.主要分布于黄河上游地区的新石器文化是()。
A.仰韶文化B.龙山文化C.马家窑文化D.河姆渡文化2.西汉与匈奴的“和亲”始于()。
A.汉高祖B.汉文帝C.汉武帝D.汉元帝3.魏晋时期玄学盛行，玄学家研究的三个重要文本被称为“三玄”，它们是()。
A.《周礼》《诗经》《论语》B.《大学》《中庸》《论语》C.《论语》《孟子》《孝经》D.《老子》《庄子》《周易》4.东林书院著名楹联“风声雨声读书声，声声人耳；家事国事天下事，事事关心”的作者是()。
A.李贽B.王守仁C.顾炎武D.顾宪成5.明清之际兴起了一批手工业发达、商业繁盛的市镇，其中号称“天下四大镇”是()。
A.佛山镇、景德镇、汉口镇、朱仙镇B.佛山镇、景德镇、汉口镇、盛泽镇C.佛山镇、景德镇、盛泽镇、朱仙镇D.景德镇、汉口镇、朱仙镇、盛泽镇6.普遍装备洋枪洋炮的清朝军队开始出现在()。
A.第一次鸦片战争期间B.太平天国战争期间C.中法战争期间D.甲午中日战争期间7.下列文献中，首先提出了建立“中华共和国”的是()。
A.《兴中会宣言》B.《警世钟》C.《革命军》D.《中国同盟会革命方略》8.袁世凯之后，依次继任中华民国大总统的是()。
A.黎元洪、冯国璋、段棋瑞、徐世昌、曹锟B.段棋瑞、黎元洪、冯国璋、曹锟、徐世昌C.黎元洪、冯国璋、黎元洪、曹锟、徐世昌D.黎元洪、冯国璋、徐世昌、黎元洪、曹锟9.20世纪20年代，中国共产党正式确立国共合作的方针是在()。
A.中共一大B.中共二大C.中共三大D.中共四大10.20世纪60年代开始，中国进行以战备为中心的“三线建设”，下列属于“大三线”的省区是()。
A.四川、贵州、云南B.湖北、吉林、云南C.山东、贵州、福建D.四川、江西、贵州11.古埃及新王国时期，曾率军在麦吉多与卡迭什为首的联军会战的是()。
A.图特摩斯一世B.图特摩斯三世C.雅赫摩斯D.拉美西斯二世12.世界历史上已知最早的法典是()。
杭州师范大学_353卫生综合2017年_考研专业课真题试卷
杭州师范大学2017年招收攻读硕士研究生入学考试题考试科目代码： 353考试科目名称：卫生综合说明：考生答题时一律写在答题纸上，否则漏批责任自负。
一、单项选择题（每题2分，共220分）1. 构成职业性有害因素致病模式的三个因素是（）A. 劳动者、职业性有害因素、作用条件B. 易感者、病原、作用途径C. 易感者、接触机会、接触强度D. 接触方式、劳动者、有害因素种类E. 以上都不是2. 生产过程中的职业性有害因素按性质可分为（）A. 异常气象条件、噪声与震动、辐射线B. 化学性因素、物理性因素、生物性因素C. 生产过程性有害因素、劳动过程有害因素、劳动环境有害因素D. 细菌、病毒、霉菌毒素E. 劳动组织不合理、劳动强度过大、工具性因素3. 铅引起机体的主要早期变化之一是（）A. 小血管痉挛B. 卟啉代谢障碍C. 对神经鞘细胞作用D. 大脑神经细胞变性E. δ氨基r-酮戊酸的分解增加4. 目前国内驱铅治疗的常用解毒剂是（）A. 二巯基丙磺酸钠B. 亚硝酸钠－硫代硫酸钠C. 二巯基丁二酸D. 依地酸二钠钙E. 二巯基丙醇5. 可反映机体近期苯接触程度的指标是（）A. 尿马尿酸B. 尿酚C. 尿甲基马尿酸D. 尿苯基硫迷氯酸E. 尿葡萄糖醛酸6. 水溶性小的刺激性气体是（）A. SO2、Cl2B. 氮氧化物、光气C. 氮氧化物、SO2D. 甲醛、SO2、NO2E. 光气、Cl2、SO27. 热射病的主要发病机制为（）A. 大量出汗导致血容量不足B. 机体脱水后补充大量淡水C. 机体蓄热导致中枢体温调节功能障碍D. 外周血管扩张致脑供血不足E. 头部受强热辐射直接照射致脑组织水肿8. 有关石棉肺病理改变，不正确的是（）A. 以肺间质弥漫性胶原纤维增生为主要特征B. 胸膜受累较常见C. 组织切片或痰液中可检出其独有的含铁小体D. 病变后期大体肺切面可见灰白色纤维化索条和网架E. 胸膜斑的大小和数量与肺内纤维化病变可不一致9.某男，33岁，热水瓶厂喷漆工，近五年来常感头昏乏力，失眠，多梦，牙龈出血，皮下偶可见到紫癜，其可能与接触何种毒物有关（）A. CS2B. CCl4C. 正已烷D. 二甲苯E. 苯10.某男性，磨床操作工，工龄15年，例行检查胸片可见不规则小阴影，调离原接尘岗位1年后复查，小阴影密度减低，数量减少，考虑该患者为（）A. 尘肺B. 化学性肺炎C. 粉尘沉着症D. 变态反应性肺泡炎E. 以上都不是11. 自然环境的基本构成是（）A. 物质环境和自然环境B. 物质环境和原生环境C. 非物质环境和社会环境D. 自然环境和生活环境E. 原生环境和次生环境12. 环境组成因素按其属性可分为（）A. 化学因素、物理因素、放射性因素、社会因素B. 化学因素、生物因素、放射性因素、社会因素C. 化学因素、物理因素、生物因素、社会心理因素D. 有机污染物、无机污染物、放射性因素、社会心理因素E. 致癌物、致突变物、放射性因素、内分泌干扰物13. 次生环境是指（）A. 受动物活动影响的天然环境B. 受人为活动影响的自然环境C. 未受人类活动影响的环境D. 以人类为中心的环境E. 以人类为中心的社会环境14. 下列属于二次污染物的是（）A. 铅笔厂排放到大气中的铅尘B. 居民日常采暖向大气排放的烟尘C. 工业废水中排放的无机汞D. 工业燃料燃烧排放的SO2形成的酸雨E. 汽车运行时向大气中排放的碳氢化合物15. 生物地球化学疾病是（）A. 自然疫源性疾病B. 种族遗传性疾病C. 区域内的传染病D. 地质环境因素导致的疾病E. 严重环境污染导致的公害病16. 大气污染对健康产生间接危害的是（）A. 慢性中毒B. 变态反应C. 急性中毒D. 肺癌E. 全球气候变暖17. 不属于大气污染对健康危害的是（）A. 呼吸道炎症B. 呼吸系统疾病死亡率升高C. 免疫功能下降D. 微量元素缺乏E. 肺癌18. 能形成酸雨的前体化学物是（）A. PAHB. O2C. CH4D. SO2E. Fe19. 大量使用氯氟烃（CFCs）造成全球环境主要卫生问题是（）A. 海洋温度上升，水生生物死亡B. 臭氧层破坏，皮肤癌、白内障等疾病发病率上升C. 生物多样性锐减，导致生态失调D. 呼吸系统的发病率上升E. 植被破坏，导致沙漠化20. 下列属于生物地球化学性疾病的是（）A. 地方性甲状腺肿B. 痛痛病C. 布氏菌病D. 佝偻病E. 甲型肝炎21. 下列有关营养不良的描述，错误的是（）A. 营养缺乏是营养不良的一种表现形式B. 中国居民面临宏量营养素缺乏和微量营养素过剩的双重挑战C. 营养素过量摄入对健康有危害作用D. 营养不良可表现为营养缺乏和营养过剩E. 肥胖是一种营养不良疾病22. 可以满足人群中50%个体对该营养素需要的指标是（）A. 营养素参考摄入量B. 平均需要量C. 推荐摄入量D. 适宜摄入量E. 可耐受最高摄入量23. 含维生素D相对较少的食物是（）。
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B 结石 D 损伤
B 贫血 D 消瘦．乏力
B 骨巨细胞瘤 D 骨纤维肉瘤
皮肤消毒
D 皮试液配置
57．人们面对压力, 通常采用心理防卫机制抵抗应激源的损害，应用的第二道 防线是： A 生理防卫 C 自我帮助 E 成功适应 58．第一部护理法是 A 国际护士委员会——护理法专著 C WHO——护理立法研究报告 E 法国——法国护理 59．休克患者立即采取 A 平卧位 B 中凹卧位 B 英国——英国护理法 D 美国——美国护理法 B 心理防卫 D 专业帮助
50．烧伤现场急救的首要任务是 A 脱离热源 C 抢救生命 E 纠正低血容量 51．诊断直肠癌最重要的检查方法是 A 直肠指检 C 钡剂灌肠 E 癌胚抗原 52．胆绞痛病人不宜使用的药物是 A 阿托品 C 安定 E 33％硫酸镁 B 吗啡 D 哌替啶 B 内镜检查 D CT 检查 B 保持呼吸道通畅 D 保护创面
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9．该患者目前最主要的护理问题是 A 疼痛：胸痛 C 知识缺乏 E 焦虑 10．该患者最合适的饮食是 A 低盐饮食、低脂肪饮食 C 低蛋白饮食 E 高维生素和蛋白质的清淡饮食 11．患者，男，50 岁，因乏力、纳差半年、进行性上腹饱胀伴反复鼻出血 1 月 就诊。患病以来体重无明显变化。体检：面色灰暗、巩膜轻度黄染，颈部及前 胸见 3 颗蜘蛛痣，肝脏缩小，质地坚硬，脾脏中等大，腹壁膨隆，移动性浊音 （+） ，腹壁静脉曲张。乙肝三系检测结果：大三阳。该患者病情若进一步发展， 晚期最严重的并发症、最常见的死亡原因是 A 肝性脑病 C 原发性肝癌 E 功能性肾衰 12．慢性胃炎最主要的病因是 A 幽门螺杆菌感染 C 服用非甾体类抗炎药 E 自身免疫 13．护士对肾盂肾炎患者健康指导正确的是 A 少饮水以减轻肾脏负担 C 口服磺胺药物后，多饮水 E 无症状后就可停药 14．慢性肾功能衰竭患者在透析过程中出现了恶心呕吐、面色苍白、出汗，其 处理措施为 B 磺胺药物不宜与碳酸氢钠同服 D 绝对卧床休息 B 刺激性饮食 D 十二指肠液反流 B 感染 D 上消化道出血 B 高热量、高维生素饮食 D 高蛋白、低胆固醇饮食 B 体温过高 D 活动无耐力
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2017 年招收攻读硕士研究生入学考试试题
考试科目代码：308 考试科目名称：护理综合 考生须知：
1 答题时请按有关说明填写清楚、完整； 2 考生答题时一律写在答题纸上，否则漏批责任自负； 3 请考生认真审题。 一、单项选择题（80 题，每题 1.5 分，共 120 分。每一考题下有 A、B、C、D、 E 五个备选答案，请从中选择一个最合适的答案） 1．成人普通感冒（俗称伤风）最常见的病原体是 A 鼻病毒 C 副流感病毒 E 肺炎链球菌 2．哮喘典型的临床表现为 A 吸气性呼吸困难 C 混合性呼吸困难 E 咳嗽咯血 3-5 题共用题干 患者，男，75 岁，反复咳嗽咳痰二十余年。1 周前受凉后咳 嗽、 咳痰加剧， 痰液由白色黏痰转为黄色黏痰。 2 天前出现发热， T 最高达 39℃， 痰液明显增多且不易咳出，伴呼吸费力，不能平卧，自服“阿莫西林”无效前 来就诊，以“COPD、慢性支气管炎急性发作”收住入院。 3．该患者应给予何种氧疗 A 持续高流量吸氧 C 高压氧舱 E 间歇低流量吸氧 4．护士指导其腹式呼吸正确的是 试卷共（20）页 本页第（1）页 B 持续低流量吸氧 D 间歇高流量吸氧 B 发作性呼气性呼吸困难 D 咳嗽咳痰 B 流感病毒 D 溶血性链球菌
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E 滴注右旋糖酐 34．颅中窝骨折的主要表现是 A 熊猫眼征 C 听觉减退 E 乳突瘀斑 35．成人患者高热昏迷三天不能进水，尿少比重高，应先静滴 A 5%G.N.S C 3%氯化钠液 B 林格液 D 5%.GS B 脑脊液耳漏 D 嗅觉减弱
E 等渗盐水 36．器械护士和巡回护士共同完成的工作是 A 安置手术体位 C 清洗手术器械 E 敷料包扎伤口 37．颅内压增高最早最主要的症状是 A 意识障碍 C 喷射状呕吐 E 视神经乳头水肿 38．甲状腺术后并发甲状腺危象多发生于术后 A 36～72 小时 C E 12～36 小时 6～7 天 B 8～10 小时 D 4～5 天 B 头痛 D 生命体征变化 B 手术间消毒 D 清点器械物品
E 适当增加钠盐摄入，以减轻组织充血、水肿 21．甲状腺功能亢进病人饮食不宜
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A 高热量 C 高糖 E 高纤维素
B 高蛋白 D 高维生素
22．鼓励类风湿性关节炎病人缓解期进行关节功能锻炼的目的是 A 避免肌肉萎缩、关节废用 C 延缓关节破坏 E 保持关节功能位 23．SLE 患者最具特征性的皮肤、黏膜改变是 A 日光过敏 C 蝶形红斑 E 口腔溃疡 24．下列属于甲类传染病的是 A 艾滋病 C 流行性感冒 E 传染性非典型肺炎 25．决定传染病患者隔离期限的重要依据是 A 病原体特性 C 潜伏期 E 前驱期 26．通过血液、体液传播的一组肝炎是 A 甲肝、乙肝、丙肝 C 乙肝、丙肝、丁肝 E 乙肝、丙肝、戊肝 27．感染过程最常见的表现形式是 A 显性感染 C 病原携带状态 B 隐性感染 D 病原体被清除 B 丙肝、丁肝、戊肝 D 甲肝、乙肝、戊肝 B 流行病学特征 D 传染期 B 人禽流感 D 霍乱 B 盘状红斑 D 雷诺现象 B 防治疾病活动 D 减少晨僵发生
53．间歇性无痛性全程血尿最常见的原因是泌尿系统
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A 肿瘤 C 结核 E 炎症 54．食管癌进展期的典型症状为 A 哽咽感 C 进行性吞咽困难 E 胸骨后针刺样疼痛或烧灼感 55．最常见的原发性恶性骨肿瘤是 A 骨髓瘤 C 骨肉瘤 E 尤文肉瘤 56．做皮内试验前第一步是 A 选择注射部位 C 询问过敏史 E 解释 B
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E 潜伏性感染 28．患者，男，65 岁，睡觉醒来发现不能说话，一侧肢体瘫痪，无意识障碍， CT 示低密度灶，该患者发生了 A 蛛网膜下腔出血 C 脑血栓形成 E 脑出血 29．某患者，女，30 岁，舞厅蹦迪突然出现剧烈头痛，恶心呕吐，面色苍白， 出冷汗，急送医院，CT 示高密度影，查体脑膜刺激征阳性，其可能的诊断为 A 脑出血 C 脑栓塞 E 脑血栓 30．癫痫发作期护理不妥的是 A 抽搐时用力按压保护好患者 C 必要时约束带适当约束 E．缓慢就地放倒 31．关于等渗性缺水下列哪项错误 A 消化液急性丧失可引起 C 水钠呈比例丧失 E 血清钠低于正常值 32．下列哪项变化提示有血容量不足 A BP↓ CVP↓ C BP↓ CVP 正常 E BP 正常 CVP↑ 33．血栓性静脉炎的护理措施哪项错误 A 抬高患肢 C 局部按摩 B 50%硫酸镁湿敷 D 停止患肢输液 B BP↓ CVP↑ D BP 正常 CVP↓ B 外科最常见的缺水 D 血容量不足为主要症状 B 纱布置于口腔一侧臼齿处 D 取下假牙和眼镜 B 蛛网膜下腔出血 D 短暂性脑缺血发作 B 脑栓塞 D 短暂性脑缺血发作
E 给高热量、高维生素、营养丰富的饮食 18．再生障碍性贫血属于 A 溶血性贫血 C 小细胞低色素性贫血 E 正常细胞性贫血 19．李女士，患糖尿病 3 年，昨日发生糖尿病酮症酸中毒，其呼吸特点为 A 呼吸浅慢 C 呼吸音响异常 E 浮浅性呼吸、有大蒜味 20．对甲状腺功能亢进症重度浸润性突眼的护理不错误的是 A 睡觉或休息时抬高头部 C 生理盐水纱布湿敷 B 外出时用眼罩 D 睡前涂抗生素眼膏 B 深快、有烂苹果味 D 叹息样呼吸 B 大细胞性贫血 D 小细胞高色素性贫血
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C 半坐卧位 E 侧卧位 60．导致压疮发生最主要的原因是： A 垂直压力 C 营养不良 E 大小便失禁
D 头底足高位
B 剪切力 D 使用夹板
61．当病人吸入氧气流量为 3L/min 时其氧浓度是 A 29% B 33% C 37% D 41% E 35%
62．护士为一农药中毒患者洗胃过程中，突然发现患者面色苍白、出冷汗，洗 出液呈血性，护士应立即 A 停止洗胃 C 安置休克卧位，继续洗胃 E 加快洗胃速度 63．王某，男，28 岁，多发性损伤，在输血过程中出现输血反应，并已进入溶 血反应的第二阶段，这时患者出现的主要临床症状 A 四肢麻木 C 胸闷、呼吸急促 E 黄疸或血红蛋白尿 64．休克病人入病室后护士首先应 A 填写各种卡片 B 询问病史，评估发病过程 B 腰背剧痛 D 少尿或无尿 B 把血性洗出液送检 D 调节压力后再洗胃
39．瘢痕性幽门梗阻最突出的表现是 A 上腹部胀痛 C 上腹部膨隆 E 便秘 40．典型的 Charcot 三联症为腹痛、寒战高热及 B 大量呕吐宿
A 呕吐 C 腹泻 E 胸痛 41．绞窄性肠梗阻腹痛的特点是 A 阵发性绞痛 C 全腹胀痛 E 持续性腹痛、阵发性加剧 42．急性阑尾炎最典型的症状为 A 转移性右下腹痛 C 固定性脐周疼痛 E 腹痛位置无规律 43．结肠癌的好发部位，最多见于 A 乙状结肠 C 升结肠 E 横结肠 44．膀胱结石的典型症状是 A 膀胱刺激征 C 血尿 E 恶心、呕吐 45．下列病人属于亚急性感染的是 A 患阑尾炎一周 C 患胰腺炎一月 E 患腹膜炎二周 46．急性乳房炎最常见于 A 妊娠期妇女 C 哺乳半年后的妇女
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A 加快透析血流速度 C 停止透析
B 快速滴注甘露醇 D 观察，不作处理
E 减慢透析血流速度，平躺，抬高床尾，吸氧 15．肾病综合征患者易形成血管内血栓和栓塞，其中最多见的为 A 肠系膜栓塞 C 下肢血栓 E 肾静脉血栓 16．白血病病人口腔护理的主要目的是 A 去除氨味 C 预防感染 E 使病人舒适 17．血液病患者出现发热时护理措施不妥的是 A 保证液体入量 C 药物降温 B 卧床休息 D 乙醇擦浴 B 擦除血痂 D 增进食欲 B 脑栓塞 D 肺栓塞
涕、咳嗽等症状，自服“感冒药”后症状缓解。今日起出现胸闷、心悸、疲乏 无力，活动后加重。体检：T38℃，P116 次/分，R24 次/分，BP100/68mmHg； 双肺未闻及干湿性啰音；心率 120 次/分，心尖部第一心音减弱，偶尔闻及期前 收缩。心电图示：窦性心动过速，低电压，T 波低平。血清柯萨奇病毒 IgM 抗 体滴度明显增高。 8．该患者最可能的疾病诊断是 A 急性心包炎 C 病毒性心肌炎 E 风湿性心肌炎 B 扩张型心肌病 D 风湿性心脏病