高考英语阅读理解中的推断题
高考英语阅读技巧推理判断
阅读技巧推理判断题推理判断题要求考生根据文章提供的线索和事实进行逻辑推理，推测作者未提到的事实或某事发生的可能性，将间接论据连贯起来，得出一个合理的结论。
合理，是指准确地从原文中推理，而不是读者主观认为的合理或文章已提供的明显的事实。
推理判断题常以infer，imply，suggest，conclude，learn，intend，mean，describe，purpose 等词提问。
提问中含有表示推测的情态动词，如can，could，might，would等和其他表示可能性的动词，如probably，most likely等。
推理判断题常见的问题形式有：1. It can be inferred / concluded from the passage that …2. The passage suggests / implies that …3. The author may probably agree with / support …4. By the first sentence of the second paragraph, the author means …5. T he author seems to be in favour of / be against …6. The author’s purpose of writing this passage is…推理判断题的解题技巧：所谓推断就是从已知的事情中推测未知的事情。
这里所说的未知是指文章或作者没有直接说明但暗示出来，或者根据作者提供的信息，可能引出的必然性结论。
所以推断类型的题尽管不能在文章中直接找到答案，但我们可以在文章中找到可供推论的依据。
还有一个重要的技巧就是排除法的适当运用。
很多错误选项的排除要靠我们对于文章事实和细节的准确把握。
因此我们也要相应加强对于文章事实细节的训练。
推理判断题主要题型：针对细节的逻辑推断针对主题思想、作者意图的推断针对作者态度、观点等的推断〔一〕细节推理题：抓住某一段话中的关键信息，即某些关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断，结合上下文或上下句，推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。
高考英语大二轮复习专题一阅读理解2推理判断题课件
√A.The people.
B.The plays.
C.The characters.
D.The costumes.
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第五段内容可知，作者最喜欢戏剧项目中的人。 故选A。
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4.What can be a suitable title for the text? A.The Senior Play Project
√B.Acting for the First Time
C.What Makes a Good Actor D.A Lesson Learnt Through Acting
解析 标题归纳题。根据文章第一段“On Wednesday，January 13th，I performed on stage for the first time.”及全文内容可知，文章主要叙述了作者 第一次登台表演的经历。故选B。
My first character is a man named Roger who is a senior advisor to a presidential candidate in a play called“The Spot”.He’s a short-tempered guy who says what he wants and takes what he wants to assist his candidate in today’’s on the set of The Spot，an advertisement for the candidate，to make sure everything runs smoothly and that any problems are dealt with quickly and efficiently.
高中英语阅读理解技巧点拨根据上下文推断语篇中的隐含意义——言外之意题
高中英语阅读理解技巧点拨根据上下文推断语篇中的隐含意义——言外之意题《普通高中英语课程标准（2017年版2020年修订）》中规定，根据上下文推断语篇中的隐含意义是选择性必修阶段学生需要掌握的语言技能之一，同时这也是高考英语阅读理解的考查技能之一。
考查这种技能的题型一般我们称之为推理判断题，又可细分为言外之意题、语篇类型题、观点态度题、写作意图题及文章寓意题等。
本期我们结合高考真题，就如何解答言外之意题进行相关技巧的点拨。
言外之意题要求考生在理解原文信息和线索的基础上，对作者未言明或未知的信息，经过分析和思考，进行推理和判断，从而得出答案。
解答言外之意题的技巧如下：1. 立足已知推断未知，正确选项一定能在原文中找到依据或理由；2. 直接陈述文章信息、对文章内容进行断章取义、对原文信息进行了增补和篡改、原文未提及的信息、仅针对文章部分信息进行了推断概括的选项多为干扰项；3. 忌主观臆断，以自己的想法代替作者的观点；4. 忌过度推断，不人为将问题复杂化，进行多步推断。
例1：（2020年新高考英语全国I卷C篇，保留原题号，下同）...This is a quick look at life in Uzbekistan, made of friendliness and warmth, but also its darker side of society. In Samarkand, Mr Bissell admires the architectural wonders, while on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when suspected of drug dealing. In Ferghana, he attends a mountain funeral ( 葬礼) followed by a strange drinking party. And in Karakalpakstan, he is saddened by the dust storms, diseases and fishing boats stuck miles from the sea....10. Which of the following best describes Mr Bissell's road trip in Uzbekistan?A. Romantic.B. Eventful.C. Pleasant.D. Dangerous.【分析】本文是说明文。
2022年高考英语二轮复习阅读理解技能保分练(四)推理判断题——写作意图、文章出处类
阅读理解技能保分练(四)推理判断题——写作意图、文章出处类A[2021·太原市二模]Food Allergies and Special Dietary NeedsOur district will have a School Nutrition Program which shall provide individualized menus or food preparations for students who are unable to have the meals normally served at our school as required by their individual education plan (IEP) or health plan. Read the following information carefully so that we can be on the same page.PARENTAL ASSISTANCEYou will be asked to：·Inform the school principal of any food allergy or special dietary needs related to a disabling condition or medical necessity.·Provide medical information from a districtapproved recognized medical authority (RMA).·Offer updated medical information as requested by the district.·Participate in any meeting or discussion regarding the students' meal plan.·Notify the school of any change related to the food allergy or special dietary needs.SCHOOL SITE RESPONSIBILITIES·Find out children requiring special dietary change.·The principal shall refer students with special dietary needs to special services as required by law.·The nurses shall make teachers and students aware of allergy alert identification. Prevention related to field trips and classroom parties is needed. Strategies necessary to promote student safety are also required.·Monitor and update the IEP or health plan as needed.DISTRICT NUTRITION SERVICE RESPONSIBILITIES·We will provide food item services and individualized menus for students according to medical need. Menus will not be changed because of personal preference.·We will train school medical staff in how to react to food allergies and foodrelated emergencies and how to change menus.·We will maintain special dietary information on each student identified as having special dietary needs and update this information as needed.1．Who will probably be served with an individualized menu?A．All disabled students.B．Each unhealthy student.C．Students with a food allergy.D．Students with a taste preference.2．Which of the following statements is true?A．RMA is involved in planning students' meals.B．Students are required to update the health plan.C．The teachers train students to identify allergies.D．The district provides services and specific instructions.3．Where can this text be possibly found?A．A clinic notice. B．A guideline for parents.C．A medical journal. D．A school yearbook.B[2021·武汉市高三质量检测]A 15yearold Colorado high school student and young scientist who has used artificial intelligence (AI) and created apps to address polluted drinking water and other social problems has been named Time magazine's firstever “Kid of the Year”．Rao told The Associated Press in an interview from her home that the prize is “nothing that I could have ever imagined. And I'm so grateful and just so excited that we're really taking a look at the upcoming generation and our generation, since the future is in our hands.”Time said Rao stood out for creating a global community of young innovators and inspiring them to pursue their goals. Rao insisted that starting out small doesn't matter, as long as you're passionate about it.She told Time contributing editor Angelina Jolie in an interview that her science pursuits started early as a way to improve social conditions. The drinking water crisis in Flint, Michigan, inspired her to develop a way to detect pollutants and send those results to a mobile phone, she said.“I was like 10 when I told my parents that I wanted to research carbon nanotube (纳米管) sensor technology at the Denver Water quality research lab, and my mum was like, ‘A what？’”Rao told Jolie. She said that work “is going to be in our generation's hands pretty soon. So if no one else is gonna do it, I'm gonna do it.”In a world where science is increasingly questioned or challenged, Rao insisted that its pursuit is an act of kindness, the best way that a younger generation can better the world.“We have science in everything we're involved in, and I think that's the biggest thing to put out there, that science is cool, innovating is cool, and anybody can be an innovator，” Rao said. “Anybody can do science.”4．What did Rao think of the award she received?A．It was a mark of social progress.B．It was a recognition of her work.C．It was an inspiration to the youth.D．It was a title beyond her expectation.5．Why would Rao start to pursue science?A．To encourage people to aim high.B．To pursue her passion for research.C．To change the society for the better.D．To stop science from being questioned.6．Which word can best describe Rao?A．Cool. B．Kind.C．Independent. D．Creative.7．What's the purpose of the text?A．To report a young genius.B．To introduce new inventions.C．To improve social conditions.D．To present artificial intelligence.C[2021·昆明市高三“三诊一模”]As digital devices (设备) have taken over society, “Keyboard activity is now often recommended as a substitute for early handwriting，” a new study notes. The idea is that typing may be easier for young children.“Some schools in Norway have become completely digital，” notes Audrey Van der Meer, the new study's leader, who measures brain activity to better understand learning and behaviors. She works at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology in Trondheim. The human brain has developed to interact with the world inas many ways as possible, she notes. She believes that young children should learn to write by hand successfully, and, at the same time learn to manage a keyboard.Using a pen involves more of the brain than using a keyboard, her new findings show. This is because writing and printing involve complex movements that activate more areas of the brain. The increased brain activity, “gives the brain more ‘hooks’ to hang your memories on，” she explains.Think about it. The same movement is required to type each letter on a keyboard. By comparison, when we write, our brain needs to think about and recover memories of the shape of each letter. We also need to use our eyes to watch what shapes we're writing. And we need to control our hands to press a pen or pencil to shape the different letters. All of this uses and connects more areas of the brain.Along the way, these processes appear to “open the brain up for learning”，says Van der Meer. So learning through only one format — digital —could be harmful, she worries.Van der Meer also points out that taking notes by hand stimulates (激发) “visual notetaking”. Rather than typing blindly, the visual notetaker has to think about what is important to write down. Then, key words can be “interlinked by boxes, and arrows, and supplemented by small drawings”．8．What is the main idea of the text?A．Digital devices are popular with students.B．Handwriting beats typing in taking notes.C．The process of taking notes changes thinking.D．The new study makes contributions to science.9．What should young kids do according to Van der Meer?A．Communicate with the world.B．Rely on keyboard activity.C．Learn to write by hand.D．Master basic drawing skills.10．How does the author draw the conclusion?A．By studying how the brain develops.B．By observing social phenomena.C．By assessing functions of senses.D．By comparing ways of taking notes.11．In which section of a newspaper may the text appear?A．Relationship. B．Fashion.C．Culture. D．Science.阅读理解技能保分练（四）A语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会——社会生活——营养计划中父母、学校和地方的责任【文章大意】我们所在的区域将实施学校营养计划，为有特殊食物要求的学生提供服务。
2023年高考一轮复习英语阅读理解满分攻略考点11--推理判断之引申推断(教师版)
考点11--推理判断之引申推断--讲考点--胸有成竹【2022年推理判断之引申推断考点归纳】【2023年高考命题预测】推理判断之引申推断考点是高考中的必考点。
每年的高考阅读理解中都会有引申推断题以考查学生的推理判断能力，推理判断题的答案是通过对文章中材料的分析得出的结论，它不是文章中直接的事实。
预测在2023高考中，引申推断会继续在高考阅读理解中呈现。
【推理判断之引申推断考点指南】规律方法：常见的设问方式：1. What can be inferred about the ......?2．What can be inferred about ......from the last paragraph?3．What can we learn from ......?4．What can we infer about ...... from the text?如何解决引申推断题？引申推断题属于深层理解题，要求根据语篇内容，推断具体细节。
做此类题目关键是要正确把握文章的内在关系，理解文章的真正含义，要忠实于原文，千万不能主观臆断，随意揣测，更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点。
此类题目的题干一般包括六个动词：infer(推断)，indicate(象征，暗示)，imply(暗示)，suggest(暗示)，assume(假定，设想)和conclude(推断，做出结论)。
考例分析：D【2022·全国高考乙卷】The Government's sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money as Ministers first predicted it would generate, the first official data on the policy has shown.First announced in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per100ml, was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity（肥胖）. It is believed that today's children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar, putting them at a higher risk of the disease.Initially the sugar tax was expected to make £520m a year for the Treasury. However, data of the first sixmonths showed it would make less than half this amount. At present it is expected to generate £240m for the year ending in April 2019, which will go to school sports.It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers（制造商）so they can avoid paying the tax. Drinks now contain 45 million fewer kilos of sugar as a result of manufacturers' efforts to avoid the charge, according to Treasury figures. Since April drinks companies have been forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or import, depending on the sugar content.However, some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola, have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers. Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax, as are small companies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per year.Today's figures, according to one government official, show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities（设施）and healthier eating in schools. Helping the next generation to have a healthy and active childhood is of great importance, and the industry is playing its part.15. What can be inferred about the adoption of the sugar tax policy?A. It is a short-sighted decision.B. It is a success story.C. It benefits manufacturers.D. It upsets customers.【答案】15. B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。
2020年高考英语之高频考点解密十四 阅读理解之推理判断题
2020年高考英语之高频考点解密14 阅读理解之推理判断题考点详解推理判断题属于主观题，是层次较高的设题。
它包括判断和推理题。
这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了得出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。
推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。
推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。
所以，推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写(paraphrase)或综合。
常见的题干有：1. It can be inferred from the text that…2. We can conclude that…3. When the writer talks about..., what he really means is that…4. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?从历年的高考阅读理解题分析来看，推理判断题所占的比例大概在7％-10％，一般可以归纳为五大题型：细节推断题、因果推断题、人物性格、预测想象推理题和写作意图推测题。
下面就这五大类型的题目进行剖析：题型一细节推断题：常见的设问方式：It can be inferred from the passage/text that_________.The author mainly suggests that ________.It can be concluded from the passage that_______.The writer implies but not directly states _______.What does the author imply about newspapers?细节判断题属于深层理解题，要求根据语篇内容，推断具体细节。
全攻略高中英语阅读理解题型体裁解读解题技巧及练习附答案
高考英语阅读理解技巧点拨—推理判断题（一）题型复习阅读理解归纳为以下四大题型，根据阅读理解题考查角度的不同，可采用不同的解题技巧来应付。
Ⅰ.事实细节题Ⅱ.猜测词义题学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
在阅读解题时要注意从以下七个方面着手：1）根据定义或解释、说明猜测生词的词义2）根据对比关系猜测生词的词义3）通过因果关系猜测词义4）根据生活常识猜测词义5）根据同等关系猜测词义6）根据列举的事例猜测词义7）根据构词法知识猜测词义Ⅲ.推理判断题做这类题要求考生在阅读理解整体语篇的同时，又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点。
不要主观臆断，凭空想象，任意发挥，而走入误区。
学生要学会运用主题句去推测、揣摩文字背后作者的意图，运用归纳、对比、演绎技能，运用背景知识去挖掘文章深层含义，从而正确理解作者的言外之意，同时认真体会文章的语气与感情基调(如：否定、厌恶、反问、讽刺等)。
这类试题常以如下句式发问：①Whatcanyouconclude/implyfromthispassage?②What’stheauthor’sattitude（态度）towards...?③Wecaninfer/learnfromthepassagethat...Ⅳ.主旨大意题这种题型要求考生能够把握文章的总体，并真正理解主题和中心；要求能较好地运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维方法解题，难度较大，属于高层次题。
一般主旨大意题可以分为两类：1．确定文章的标题和主题(titleortopic)标题位于文章之首，用来高度概括文章内容，点明文章主题。
它可以是单词，短语，也可以是句子。
要确定文章标题，首先，要在阅读原文的基础上，考虑标题是否与主题密切相关；其次，看标题是否能概括全文内容。
不能只概括短文中的某些事实或细节；然后，要注意标题范围不应太大或太小；最后，标题应简练并能吸引读者。
高中英语阅读之推理判断题的解题技巧
高考阅读理解专题：推理判断题的解题技巧推断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，做这类题目时，考生要严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语气，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词句，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论.近年的高考题中常出现以下五种推理判断题:1。
这类题干中通常含有learn( ），infer( ）, suggest( ），imply( ）, conclude（）, indicate（)等标志性词语, 常见的提问方式有：1)．We can know from the passage that ________．2）。
We can infer from the （first/last）passage that ________．3）．The passage/author implies/suggests that ______．4）．It can be concluded from the passage that ________．5)．The underlined sentence indicates that ________2. 解题技巧①针对细节推断: 在原文中找到相关的信息源-——对具体内容分析——推理判断得出结论实例1：Did you ever hear a strange sound coming from the wall？Did it sound like a clock? If so, it may have been made by a beetle. Long ago people thought the ticking meant that someone was about to die。
Thus the beetle is called “the deathwatch beetle."1. It can be inferred from the text that the sound of this beetle ________。
高考英语阅读理解推理判断题答题
高三英语教研（8.30）高考英语阅读理解推理判断题答题技巧主讲人：杜玉阅读理解推理判断题要求在理解原文字面意义的基础上，通过对文中细节的暗示和语篇逻辑关系的分析做出一定的判断和推理，从而理解作者所要传达的信息、得出文章的深层意义及隐含意义的过程。
它主要考查考生理清上下文逻辑关系的能力和考生的识别能力。
解答推理判断题要以文字信息为依据，既不能作出在原文中找不到依据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息进行多余推理。
也就是说，要做到判断有据，推论有理，忠实原文。
切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论。
推理判断题常见的提问形式：通常以infer，indicate, imply，conclude, suggest, assume, intend, learn, purpose, mean等词提问，同时还包括一些表示推测的情态动词，如：can, could,would等。
一、细节推断题是推理判断题中比较简单的一类试题，它要求考生根据语篇中具体的内容和信息点，推断出文章中具体的细节，如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件等。
解答此类试题时，一般可根据短文所提供的信息或者借助生活常识进行推理判断。
考生只要正确把握文章的内在关系，理解文章的真正含义，就可作出准确的推断。
对于细节推断题来说，根据文章中的关键信息点进行推断是解答此类试题的关键。
考生不但要理解文章的字面含义，还要运用逻辑判断能力，推断出文章更深层的含义。
同时还要根据文章内容进行推断，不能凭空猜测。
考生要注意站在文章作者或文中人物的立场上，设身处地地考虑实际情景，并据此展开合理的想象和推理。
主观臆断是许多考生做这类题时普遍存在的一个问题。
二、作者态度或观点的推断类型题目考查考生是否了解文中作者或文中人物对某事物所持的观点或态度。
要求考生具有在正确理解文意的基础上，对观点或态度倾向进行分析、识别的能力。
该类型题目的选项一般含有以下三类词：①中性词：uninterested(不感兴趣的)，neutral(中立的)，indifferent(漠不关心的)等；②褒义词：positive(积极的)，supportive(支持的)，humorous(滑稽有趣的)，enthusiastic(热情的)，admiring(赞赏的)等；③贬义词：disgusted(厌恶的)，critical(批评的)，negative(否定的，消极的)，disappointed(失望的)等。
阅读理解之推断及细节类题型 2023高考英语二轮复习
方法
1）审题 注意事项： 注意提问主体 注意题干中的有效信息 (人物，时间，地点，否 定，代词，数词等) 2）把题干中所有信息对应回文章
方法
3）就近原则把选项对应回题干找到的位置四周 注意事项： 1）注意不要答非所问 (选项内容正确，但不能 回答问题) 2）注意选项与原文中的同义或反义词语替换 3）注意选项与原文中的句义转换
others’ suggest that hard ecology and the accumulation of
cultural knowledge could act together to produce a human-sized
brain. 题：Why
don’t
many
animals
have
பைடு நூலகம்
3．人物性格、心情处境、态度及观点等推断题
（1）由表及里地准确把握字里行间的意思，切 勿用自己的主观想法或观点代替作者的思想观 点。 （2）特别注意那些描写环境气氛的语言，以及 表达感情，态度观点的词语。要特别注意作者 在文章中的措辞，尤其是感情色彩的形容词。 （3）能结合自己平时积累的有关英语国家的文 化传统、风俗习惯等背景知识来识别评价。
injuries. 题：How
does
the
device
mainly
work?
本题为原文给出细节，选项需要进行总 结的类型。由本段内容可知，这个设备
A. By reducing the effects of falling
能够检测到使用者的臀部动作，一旦检
B. By speeding up bone recovery C. By predicting road conditions D. By preventing people from falling
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高考英语阅读理解中的推断题，要求考生在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，作出一定的判断和推理，从而得出文章的隐含意义和深层意义。
推断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，做这类题目时，同学们要严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语气，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词句，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。
根据近几年高考英语推断题的考查情况，接下来主要对隐含意义的推断、作者观点的推断、写作目的推断等三种类型分析。
1).How to infer the implied meanings(推断隐含意义)
提问方式：It can be inferred from the text that______.
According to…, we can infer that______.
【解题技巧】
1.全面分析
2.忠实原文
3.不选表层信息
【Sample】
Recently, Samuel performed a piece during a special event at his college. The piece had more than a thousand notes. The audience was impressed by his amazing performance. He is now learning a piece that is so difficult that many professional pianists can’t play it. Samuel says confidently,” It’s all about super memory---I guess I have that gift.”
What can we infer about Samuel in this paragraph ?
A.He became famous during a special event at his college.
B.He is proud of his ability to remember things accurately.
C.He plays the piano better than many professional pianists.
D.He impressed the audience by playing all the musical pieces.
3).How to infer the writing purpose(推断写作目的)
【写作目的归纳】
to entertain readers 娱乐读者，让人发笑,常见于故事类的文章。
to persuade readers说服读者接受某种观点,常见于广告类的文章。
to inform readers 告知读者某些信息,多见于科普类﹑新闻报道类﹑文化类或社会类文章. 4)
【Sample】。