文体学重点

1. What is stylistics?

Stylistics is the "study of the use of language in literature"

Stylistics is defined as “study of the use of language in literature” and is a "meeting-ground of linguistics and literary study"

Stylistics is an area of study which straddles two disciplines: literary criticism and linguistics. It takes literary discourse (text) as its object of study and uses linguistics as a means to that end.

2. Procedure of stylistic analysis:

A stylistic analysis involves description, interpretation and evaluation. When discussing components of literary criticism, Short has pointed out: "the three parts are logically ordered: Description ← Interpretation ← Evaluation"

3. What is style?

① Style is deviance. The difference of a literary text resides in its departure from the characteristics of what is communicatively normal. This has led to approaches to style as deviance.

② Style is choice. By style as choice is meant that style " results from a tendency of a speaker or writer to consistently choose certain structures over others available in the language". It concerns the characteristic choices in a given context.

③Style is foregrounding ,which is a concept of pictorial arts, referring to that part of composition that appears to be closest to the view.

Foregrounding 的定义与分类

Definition : foregrounding is a concept of pictorial arts, referring to that part of the composition that appears to be closest to the view.

Classification: deviation and overregularity

Deviation includes phonological, graphological, syntactic, lexical and semantic deviation.

Overregularity is a surface structure phenomenon and therefore exists mainly at the phonological and syntactic levels of language.

4.修辞格

①oxymoron ②paradox ③synecdoche ④metonymy ⑤metaphor

⑥overstatement ⑦understatement ⑧irony ⑨repetition ⑩parallelism

5.the cooperative principle 合作

⑪ the maxim of quantity ⑫ the maxim of quality

⑬ the maxim of relation ⑭ the maxim of manner