一般现在时与现在进行时的用法及区别

一般现在时的用法：
1.表示习惯的、永久性的或经常、反复发生的动作，常与often, always, usually,
every day, sometimes, every week, once a day等时间状语连用。例如：
I am a teacher.
We are Chinese.
She goes to work every day.
He always helps others.

2.表示客观事实或普遍真理。例如：
There are seven days in a week.
The earth goes round the sun.
The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
The water boils at 100℃.
Actions speaks louder than words. 行动胜于言辞。（谚语）

3.表示主语的特征、性格、能力等。
Tom studies very hard.
She is always ready to help others.
I major in English.

4.用在某些表达法中，表示现在正在发生的动作或存在的状态。例如：
Here comes the bus!
There goes the bell!
How it rains!

5. 表示现在时刻存在着的状态，这种状态带有一定的持续性。例如：
They are busy.
The apple tastes good.
What’s the matter with you?

6.在连词when, before, if, as soon as, until 等引导的表示将来的行为的状语
从句中，常用一般现在时表示将来的动作。例如；
If it is fine tomorrow, we’ll have a football match.
I’ll ring you up before I leave the office.
When I finish my homework, I’ll tell you a story.

7.表示安排或计划好的未来的动作，只限于go, come, leave, move, start, stay,
return, arrive, begin 等表示位置移动变化的动词。例如：
My train leaves at 6:30 this morning.-
How long do you stay here?
We start at 8 tomorrow morning for Beijing.

8.一般现在时还可用在新闻标题、戏剧或电影的评论及情节介绍、体育比赛
的解说以及图片的说明等场合。
Tom carries the ball to the left. 汤姆把球带到左方。
The picture shows us how they built the motorway last year.
这张照片给我们展示了他们去年如何建设高速公路。

现在进行时的用法：
1. 表示说话时正在进行而尚未完成的动作或状态
Performances are going on.
The children are singing a fine song.
2. 表示现阶段一直在进行的动作，但说话时不一定正在进行
My uncle is attending a conference in Beijing.
He is translating a book.
3. 有时可表示即将发生的动作，只限于go, come, leave, move, start, stay, begin
等动词
My father is leaving for Kunming tomorrow.
They are coming back here in a few minutes.
4. 与always, continually, constantly, perpetually, forever等频度状语连用，表示带
有感情色彩的现阶段经常发生的动作
You are always forgetting the important things.
You are constantly finding fault with me.
5. 有些表示感觉、情感、认知的词，不能用进行式，通常用一般现在时表示说
话时正在发生的动作，如：know, believe, understand, love, like, hate, feel, hear,
see, desire, wish, hope, want, refuse, remember, forget, belong, prefer, miss(想
念),have(有), think(认为)等动词
I don’t understand this sentence.
It surprises me to see the repair work going so fast.

I have a pen.
We are having a talk now. (have表示“举行”)
I think they are right.
What are you thinking about? (think表示“想，思考”)

现在进行时与一般现在时用法比较：
1. 现在阶段正在进行的动作和陈述情况说明事理
He is reading the newspaper.
He reads the newspaper every day.
2. 暂时性的动作和经常性的动作
For this week we are starting work at 7:30 am.
We start work at 7:30 am.
3. 短暂性的动作和永久性的动作
She is living in Shanghai.
She lives in Shanghai.
4. 带有感情色彩的和不带感情色彩的
She is always helping me in the kitchen.
She always helps me in the kitchen.