英语专业四级阅读理解题型分类解析
专业英语四级(阅读)模拟试卷33(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷33(题后含答案及解析) 题型有： 5. READING COMPREHENSIONPART V READING COMPREHENSION (25 MIN)Directions: In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.People traveling long distances frequently have to decide whether they would prefer to go by land, sea, or air. Hardly can anyone positively enjoy sitting in a train for more than a few hours. Train compartments soon get cramped and stuffy. Reading is only a partial solution, for the monotonous rhythm of the wheels clicking on the rails soon lulls you to sleep. During the day, sleep comes in snatches. At night, when you really wish to go to sleep you rarely manage to do so. Inevitably you arrive at your destination almost exhausted. Long car journey are even less pleasant, for it is quite impossible even to read. On motorways you can, at least, travel fairly safely at high speeds, but more often than not, the greater part of the journey is spent on narrow, bumpy roads which are crowded with traffic. By comparison, trips by sea offer a great variety of civilized comforts. You can stretch your legs on the spacious decks, play games, swim, meet interesting people and enjoy good food—always assuming, of course, that the sea is calm. If it is not, and you are likely to get seasick; no form of transport could be worse. Even if you travel in ideal weather, sea journeys take a long time. Relatively few people are prepared to sacrifice up to a third of their holidays for the pleasure of traveling on a ship. Airplanes have the reputation of being dangerous and expensive. But nothing can match them for speed and comfort. Traveling at a height of 30,000 feet, far above the clouds, and at over 500 miles an hour is an exhilarating experience. For a few hours, you settle back in a deep armchair to enjoy the flight. The real escapist can watch a free film show and sip champagne on some services. But even when such refinements are not available, there is plenty to keep you occupied. An airplane offers you an unusual and breathtaking view of the world. You soar effortlessly over high mountains and deep valleys. You really see the shape of the land. If the landscape is hidden from the view, you can enjoy the extraordinary sight of unbroken cloud plains that stretch out for miles before you, while the sun shines brilliantly in a clear sky. The journey is so smooth that there is nothing to prevent you from reading or sleeping. However you decide to spend your time, one thing is certain: you will arrive at your destination fresh and uncrumpled.1．The author indicates that reading can help lessenA．the boredom of being in the train.B．the tiresome clicking of the wheels.C．the sleeplessness during the journey.D．the poor ventilation of the compartment.正确答案：A解析：第1段第4句表明阅读is a partial solution，这表明阅读有助于解决一些问题，而该段第2句和第3句都提到的坐长途火车会让人觉得烦闷，由此可见，本题答案应为A。
英语四级阅读理解技巧大全!一看就会!
相信大家都应该有体会，上了大学，除了学好专业课和谈恋爱外，有不少重要的大型考试也是需要我们注意的！比如英语四六级、计算机二级什么的。
经常看到有人抱怨英语四级难，那话不多说，这不巧了吗？我四级不光是一次过的，而且阅读拿了218分，说起来，对阅读还是有些复习心得的。
那今天就给大家分享一些四级阅读理解技巧的干货！在进入正题之前，先给大家看一下英语四级考试题型及分值，见下图：由上图总结一下，英语四级阅读的各题型及分值为：①选词填空占5%，共有10个小题，每小题3.55分。
②长篇阅读占10%，共有10个小题，每小题7.1分。
③仔细阅读占20%，共有10个小题，每小题14.2分。
接下来给想要过级的小伙伴讲一下一下复习资料和做题技巧吧！首先是推荐的复习资料：词汇书——闪过英语《四级词汇闪过》真题书——巨微英语《四级真题逐句精解》建议利用2个月时间把词汇好好的过一遍，打个基础，单词要掌握好哦！如果你觉得备考时间比较紧张的话，建议你们记重点词汇就行，很省时间。
我当时用的单词书是闪过英语《四级词汇闪过》，里面的单词是按照考频划分的频考词、基础词、偶考词和超纲词，重点词汇是频考词，其他词汇过一遍，保证考试时有个印象就差不多了。
然后听到很多人觉得四级的阅读太难，那学姐后面就根据每个题型给大家分享下具体的英语四级阅读理解技巧吧，建议收藏哟！1、选词填空篇（1）先给选项标注词性。
注意部分单词会出现多个词性的情况，一般考四大词性：名词、动词、形容词、副词，副词只有2-3空，形容词2-5空。
（2）再根据空格前后的单词判断空格的词性。
（3）最后结合词性和上下文意思，确定所填单词，先从最明显的副词（-ly结尾）开始填，用排除法做。
2、长篇阅读篇（1）先看题干，标记出题干中的大写字母、带有连字符的特殊符号、名词及名词短语、形容词等，可圈出或划线标记出来。
（2）带着读题干时标记的内容，再去大致浏览文章，回到原文中去匹配，与题干中划出的关键词的匹配度越高，就是正确答案段落。
2007英语专业四级阅读理解答案及详解(2)
2007 英语专业四级阅读理解答案及详解(2)TEXT CI am afraid to sleep. I have been afraid to sleep for the last few weeks. I am so tired that, finally, I do sleep, but only for a few minutes. It is not a bad dream that wakes me ; it is the reality I took with me into sleep . I try to think of something else. Immediately the woman in the marketplace comes into my mind.I was on my way to dinner last night when I saw her . She was selling skirts. She moved with the same ease and loveliness I often saw in the women of Laos. Her long black hair was as shiny as the black silk of the skirts she was selling . In her hair, she wore three silk ribbons, blue ,green, and white. They reminded me of my childhood and how my girlfriends and I used to spend hours braiding ribbons into our hair.I don’t know the word for “ribbons”, so I put my hand to my own hair and , with three fingers against my head , I looked at her ribbons and said “Beautiful. ” She lowered her eyes and said nothing.I wasn’t sure if she understood me (I don’t speak Laotian very well).I looked back down at the skirts. They had designs on them: squares and triangles and circles of pink and green silk. They were very pretty. I decided to buy one of those skirts, and I began to bargain with her over the price. It is the custom to bargain in Asia. In Laos bargaining is done in soft voices and easy moves with the sort of quiet peacefulness.She smiled, more with her eyes than with her lips. She was pleased by the few words I was able to say in her language, although they were mostly numbers,and she saw that I understood something about the soft playfulness of bargaining.We shook our heads in disagreement over the price ; then, immediately, we made another offer and then another shake of the head. She was so pleased that unexpectedly, she accepted the last offer I made. But it was too soon. The price was too low. She was being too generous and wouldn’t make enough money.I moved quickly and picked up two more skirts and paid for all threeat the price set ; that way I was able to pay her three times as much before she had a chance to lower the price for the larger purchase. She smiled openly then, and, for the first time in months, my spirit lifted. I almost felt happy.The feeling stayed with me while she wrapped the skirts in a newspaper and handed them to me. When I left, though, the feeling left, too. It was as though it stayed behind in marketplace. I left tears in my throat. I wanted to cry. I didn’t , of course.I have learned to defend myself against what is hard ; without knowing it, I have also learned to defend myself against what is soft andwhat should be easy.I get up, light a candle and want to look at the skirts. They are still in the newspaper that the woman wrapped them in. I remove the paper, and raise the skirts up to look at them again before I pack them. Something falls to floor. I reach down and feel something cool in my hand. I move close to the candlelight to see what I have. There are five long silk ribbons in my hand, all different colors. The woman in the marketplace! She has given these ribbons to me!There is no defense against a generous spirit, and this time I cry, and very hard, as if I could make up for all the months that I didn’t cry.89. According to the writer, the woman in the marketplace ____B____ .A. refused to speak to her.B. was pleasant and attractive.C. was selling skirts and ribbons.D.recognized her immediately.解析：B。
英语专业四级考试阅读理解试题及参考答案(4)
2016英语专业四级考试阅读理解试题及参考答案（4）For a long time, researchers have tried to nail down just what shapes us--or what, at least,shapes us most. And over the years, they've had a lot of exclamation moments. First it was ourparents, particularly our mothers. Then it was our genes. Next it was our peers, who show up lastbut hold great sway. And all those ideas were good ones--but only as far as they went.Somewhere, there was a sort of temperamental dark matter exerting an invisible gravitationalpull of its own. More and more, scientists are concluding that this unexplained force is our siblings.From the time we are born, our brothers and sisters are our collaborators and co-conspirators, our role models and cautionary tales. They are our scolds, protectors, goads,tormentors, playmates, counselors, sources of envy, objects of pride. They teach us how toresolve conflicts and how not to; how to conduct friendships and when to walk away from them.Sisters teach brothers about the mysteries of girls; brothers teach sisters about the puzzle of boys.Our spouses arrive comparatively late in our lives; our parents eventually leave us. Our siblingsmay be the only people we'll ever know who truly qualify as partners for life. "Siblings," says familysociologist Katherine Conger, "are with us for the whole journey."Within the scientific community, siblings have not been wholly ignored, but research has beenlimited mostly to discussions of birth order.Older sibs were said to be strivers;younger onesrebels;middle kids the lost souls.The stereotypes were broad，if not entirely untrue，and therethe discussion mostly ended.But all that’s changin9.At research centers in the U.S.，Canada，Europe andelsewhere，investigators are launching a wealth of new studies into the sibling dynamic，lookingat ways brothers and sisters steer one another int0—or awayfrom--risky behavior how they forma protective buffer(减震器)against family upheaval;how they educate one another about theopposite sex;how all siblings compete for family recognition and come to terms--or blows--oversuch impossibly charged issues as parental favoritism.From that research，scientists are gaining intriguing insights into the people we become asadults.Does the manager who runs a harmonious office call on the peacemaking skills learned inthe family playroom? Does the student struggling with a professor who plays favorites summonup the coping skills acquired from dealing with a sister who was Daddy’s girl? Do husbands andwives benefit from the inter —gender negotiations they waged when their most important partnerswere their sisters and brothers? All that is under investigation.“Siblings have just been off theradar screen until now，”says Conger.But today serious work is revealing exactly how ourbrothers and sisters influence us.1.The beginning of the passage indicates thatA.researchers have found out what shapes us.B.our peer is the last factor influencing us.C.what researchers found contributes in a limited way.D.what researchers found is good and trustworthy.2.In the third paragraph, the author tries to demonstrate that our siblingsA.offer us much useful information.B.have great influences on us.C.are the ones who love us completely.D.accompany us throughout our life.3.In scientific community, previous research on siblingsA.mostly focused on the sibling order.B.studied the characteristics of the kids.C.studied the matter in a broad sense.D.wasn’t believable and the discussion ended.4.Which of the following is NOT sibling dynamic?A.A brother cautions his sister against getting into trouble.B.Sisters have quarrels with each other.C.Siblings compete for parental favoritism.D.Older kids in a family try hard to achieve.5.From the last paragraph，we can conclude thatA.managers learned management skills from the family playroom.B.spouses learnednegotiation skills from their siblings.C.studies on siblings are under the way。
专业英语四级(阅读)模拟试卷56(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷56(题后含答案及解析) 题型有： 5. READING COMPREHENSIONPART V READING COMPREHENSION (25 MIN)Directions: In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.Climbing to the top of my nearest hill in San Francisco, my purpose is not to enjoy the view but to experience a bit of fresh air and nature. Some birds dwell in these urban islands of trees, bushes and soil. So few people are there, but they are happy, relaxed and friendly(unless insane and out to rob). I find the view of San Francisco Bay and the metropolis most disturbing, seeing in all directions the industrial activity and oil-fueled trade of questionable imported products. Massive port facilities dwarf the human scale of sustainable import/export. A very small number of sailboats for pleasure can’t quite offer a vision of renewable-energy travel and exchange. Passenger planes take off, military jets show off their ear-splitting capabilities, all against the backdrop of polluted air that is warming in general thanks to commercial activity and the mindless consumption by the individual. The hills are full of roads and energy-wasting houses. It’s not like this everywhere; the hills around Kyoto are pitch black at night, for they consist of forest, trails and small, outdoor temples. Seven million people surround me in this metropolitan area. Those among them who really care whether Barry Bonds used steroids to hit baseballs, or what pregnant celebrity has checked into a drug rehabilitation facility, are not likely to be trying to live lightly on the planet. Normal citizens under the spell of mass media want to consume, and be given answers and easy fixes. They may get what they want tonight, and again, and again, but it will come to an abrupt end, and will people pick up a shovel to plant food or pick up the gun to take others’ food? That depends on the area affected, the culture(urban U.S. or otherwise), and population size. Why should I be disturbed by what I see now, when all is basically calm? Or feel uneasy as I stroll about in the safety of my comfortable home? Is not San Francisco and the surrounding area a great city, with many wonderful people and activities to appreciate? What about the noble struggles of valiant, compromised hard-working people, or the dysfunctional and disabled folk who are really kind? The social injustice that is still pervasive, in our boastful age of scientific and technological power, is outrageous and occupies many of the best hearts and minds in the world who live in our very midst. Much of what ails people, it is thought, is that they do not have enough cheap, affordable energy or material things that are supposed to both satisfy and uplift. More public funds for health care, through an end to costly, imperialist wars, would be the ticket to a healthy society, in the eyes of more and more. Except, that selfless aspiration is becoming clouded with the uncertainty and fright growing around ourawakening to climate change. In the buzzing Bay Area and every other large and small city, we are behaving as if there is no threat to the climate and thus our future survival as a species. Just looking around at the unceasing traffic, it is clear that basic, radical but easy solutions are being kept on the shelf or buried. Tiny changes, usually just initiatives that don’t threaten the current life style(e.g., different engines), are called “green”. Green this and green that. But the big “greening”will be the rediscovery of community and working with others as if our survival depends on our collaboration as equals. Our bosses and political leaders have been as useful in the needed transition as—to borrow an expression from my late father—tits on a bull.1．What do the “few people” do on top of the hill?A．They are the rich residents of the city.B．They are there to enjoy the natural beauty.C．They are attracted by the view of San Francisco Bay.D．They attack the tourists and rob them.正确答案：B解析：根据第1段第3句的happy，relaxed and friendly及第1、2句的内容可以推断这些few people和作者一样上山是为了呼吸新鲜空气和亲近自然的，由此看来，B与原文内容最接近，选B。
专四新题型-阅读简答题
定位关键信息后，注 意筛选与问题无关的 信息。
回原文寻找与问题相 关的关键信息，注意 时间、数字、人物等 细节。
提炼答案要点
提炼关键信息，注意信息的逻辑性和 条理性。
注意答案的简洁性，避免冗长和重复。
避免直接引用原文，而是用自己的语 言概括要点。
语言简练准确
使用简练的语言表达答案，避 免过多的修饰和解释。
模拟练习
01
模拟题来源
模拟练习题可以由专业教师或考试机构编写，旨在模拟真实考试情境，
帮助考生熟悉题型和提高应试能力。
02
题目难度
模拟练习题的难度应与真题相当，既要包含基础题，也要有一定难度的
挑战题，以全面检验考生的阅读能力和应试技巧。
03
答题反馈
考生在完成模拟练习后，应得到及时的答题反馈，包括答案解析和得分
阅读理解能力提升
总结词
阅读理解能力的提升需要考生进行大量的阅读练习。
详细描述
考生可以选择各类英文文章进行阅读，如新闻报道、小说、科普文章等，通过 不断的练习，提高阅读速度和理解能力。同时，考生应注重培养对文章结构和 逻辑关系的把握能力，以便更好地解答简答题。
答题速度与准确率训练
总结词
答题速度和准确率是考试中非常重要的因素，需要进行有针对性的训练。
专四新题型-阅读简 答题
目录
• 简答题题型概述 • 简答题解题技巧 • 常见错误类型及应对策略 • 真题解析与模拟练习 • 备考建议与展望
01
简答题题型概述
题型特点
01
02
03
题干简短
简答题的题干通常比较简 短，只给出问题，不提供 具体信息或上下文。
答案明确
简答题的答案通常比较明 确，要求考生直接回答问 题，不绕弯子。
专四阅读常考类型
专四阅读常考类型 引导语：为了帮助大家更好的备考专业英语四级考试，应届毕业培训网整理了一些专四阅读常考题型，以供大家参考学习。 一、主旨类 实考真题 In an article some Chinese scholars are described as being “tantalized by the mysterious dragon bone hieroglyphics.” Tantalized is one of many English words that have their origins in myths and legends of the past (in this case, Greek and Roman ones). The meaning of the verb tantalize is a very particular one: “to promise or show something desirable to a person and then take it away; to tease by arousing hope.” Many (but not all) English dictionaries give you a brief indication of a word’s origins in brackets before or after the explanation of the meaning. For tantalize the following explanation is given: [> Tantalus]. This means that you should look up the name Tantalus to fi nd out the word’s origins, and if you do, you will find out that in Greek mythology, Tantalus was a king who was punished in the lower world with eternal hunger and thirst; he was put up to his chin in water that always moved away when he tried to drink it and with fruit on branches above him placed just a little bit out of his reach. Can you see why his name was changed into a verb meaning “to tease or torment by arousing desire”? Another example is the word siren, familiar to us as the mechanical device that makes such an alarming sound when police cars, ambulances, or fi re engines approach. This word also has its origins in Greek mythology. The traveler Odysseus (Ulysses to the Romans) made his men plug their ears so that they wouldn’t hear the dangerous voices of the sirens, creatures who were half bird and half woman and who lured sailors to their deaths on sharp rocks. So the word came to be associated both with a loud sound and with danger! When someone speaks of a “jovial mood” or a “herculean effort”, he or she is using words with origins in mythology. Look these words up to fi nd their meaning and relationship to myths. Many common words, such as the names for the days of the week and the months of the year, also come from mythology. Wednesday derives from the ancient Norse king of the gods, Woden, and Thursday was originally Thor’s day, in honour of Thor, the god of thunder. As a matter of fact, all the planets, except the one we live on, bear names that come from Roman mythology, including the planet that is farthest away from the sun and for that reason was called after the Roman god of the dead. This god has also given his name to one of the chemical elements. Several other elements have names that come from mythology, too. It seems that myths and legends live on in the English language. 89. Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage? A. Greek and Roman Mythology in Language. B. Mythological Origins of English Words. C. Historical Changes in Word Meanings. D. Mythology and Common Words. 解析：答案B。主旨类。作者以“tantalize”，“siren”，“jovial mood”，“herculean effort”等词或短语为例，阐述了英语里的许多单词都来源于神话和传说这一事实。 实考真题 The kids are hanging out. I pass small bands of students, in my way to work these mornings. They have become a familiar part of the summer landscape. These kids are not old enough for jobs. Nor are they rich enough for camp. They are school children without school. The calendar called the school year ran out on them a few weeks ago. Once supervised by teachers and principals, they now appear to be “self care”. Passing them is like passing through a time zone. For much of our history, after all, Americans arranged the school year around the needs of work and family. In 19th-century cities, schools were open seven or eight hours a day, 11 months a year. In rural America, the year was arranged around the growing season. Now, only 3 percent of families follow the agricultural model, but nearly all schools are scheduled as if our children went home early to milk the cows and took months off to work the crops. Now, three-quarters of the mothers of school-age children work, but the calendar is written as if they were home waiting for the school bus. The six-hour day, the 180-day school year is regarded as something holy. But when parents work an eight-hour day and a 240-day year, it means something different. It means that many kids go home to empty houses. It means that, in the summer, they hang out. “We have a huge mismatch between the school calendar and realities of family life,” says Dr. Ernest Boyer, head of the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. Dr. Boyer is one of many who believe that a radical revision of the school calendar is inevitable. “School, whether we like it or not, is educational. It always has been.”
英语专业四级阅读段落结构
英语专业四级阅读段落结构在英语专业四级考试中，阅读部分是考生们需要着重准备和关注的部分。
了解和掌握阅读段落结构对于提高阅读理解能力和答题效率是非常重要的。
本文将介绍英语专业四级阅读段落的一般结构，以帮助考生更好地理解和应对考试。
1. 引言段（Introduction）引言段位于每个阅读段落的开头，用于引出文章的主题或话题，并提供一些背景信息。
引言段通常由1-2句话组成，用来吸引读者的注意力，并为下文的主要内容做铺垫。
2. 主体段（Body）主体段是阅读段落的核心部分，用来详细阐述和分析文章的主题或话题。
主体段可根据不同文章的结构和类型进行变化，以下为几种常见的主体段结构：- 递进结构（Progressive Structure）: 采用时间或空间的顺序，按照从前到后或从左到右的方式组织内容。
这种结构常出现在叙述性文章中。
- 对比结构（Comparative Structure）: 通过对比两个或多个事物的相似和差异来进行分析，以展示作者的观点和观点支持。
这种结构常出现在议论性文章中。
- 问题-答案结构（Question-Answer Structure）: 将文章主题以问题的形式提出，并通过后续内容给出答案或解决方案。
这种结构常出现在说明性文章中。
- 因果结构（Cause-Effect Structure）: 阐述某个事件或现象的原因和结果，以展示因果关系。
这种结构常出现在分析性文章中。
3. 结论段（Conclusion）结论段位于阅读段落的结尾，用于总结和概括主体段中的内容。
结论段通常由2-3句话组成，用来强调作者的观点或总结文章的主旨。
在结论段中，也可以提出一些展望或建议，以增添文章的深度和广度。
通过了解和掌握英语专业四级阅读段落的一般结构，考生们可以更好地理解文章的组织方式和逻辑关系，有助于提高阅读理解能力和找到正确的答案。
在备考阶段，考生们可以通过大量阅读和实践来熟悉和应用这些结构，同时也要关注文法和词汇的积累，以提高自己的语言表达能力。
四级考试题型详细介绍
四级考试题型详细介绍
四级考试（CET-4）是中国大陆高等教育自主招生考试中的一种，也是为英语专业学生所参加的全国性英语考试。
下面是CET-4考试的题型详细介绍：
1. 听力部分（Listening）
听力部分分为两个部分：短对话和长对话。
短对话通常包含
两个人的简短对话，考生需要根据对话内容选择最佳的答案。
长对话一般是一个较长的对话，考生需要根据对话内容回答问题。
2. 阅读部分（Reading）
阅读部分分为三个部分：短文理解、中长篇阅读和短文填空。
短文理解是阅读一篇短文，根据问题选择正确的答案。
中长篇阅读是阅读一篇长一些的文章，根据问题选择正确的答案。
短文填空是阅读一篇短文，根据文章内容选择正确的词语填入空格。
3. 写作部分（Writing）
写作部分分为两个部分：作文和翻译。
作文要求考生根据题
目要求写一篇150-200字的文章。
翻译要求考生翻译一篇英语
短文为中文。
4. 词汇和语法部分（Vocabulary and Grammar）
词汇和语法部分主要测试考生对英语词汇和语法的掌握情况。
题型包括选择最佳答案、填入正确的词语和句子改错等。
总体来说，CET-4考试要求考生具备听力、阅读、写作和语法词汇方面的基本能力。
考生需要具备一定的英语听说读写能力，对词汇和语法知识掌握扎实。
备考时可以利用专门的考试辅导书籍和模拟题进行练习，积累常见的词汇和表达方式，提高自己的英语水平。
2005年英语专业四级阅读理解答案及解析
2005年英语专业四级阅读理解答案及解析TEXT AIt was 1961 and I was in the fifth grade. My marks in school were miserable and, the thing was, I didn't know enough to really care. My older brother and I lived with Mom in a dingy (dark and dirty 又黑又脏的；昏暗的；肮脏的adjective: squalid, grimy, dim) multi-family house in Detroit. We watched TV every night The background noise of our lives was gunfire and horses' hoofs from "Wagon Train (a long line of wagons and horses, used by people travelling west in N America in the 19th century （19 世纪美国人向西部迁移的）马拉篷车队)" or "Cheyenne (夏安族人a member of a North American Indian people living on the western plains)" , and laughter from " I Love Lucy" or " Mister Ed". After supper, we'd sprawl on Mom's bed and stare for hours at the tube.But one day Mom changed our world forever. She turned off the TV. Our mother had only been able to get through third grade. But she was much brighter and smarter than we boys knew at the time. She had noticed something in the suburban houses she cleaned—books. So she came home one day , snapped off the TV , sat us down and explained that her sons were going to make something of themselves. "You boys are going to read two books every week , " she said. "And you're going to write me a report on what you read. "We moaned and complained about how unfair it was. Besides, we didn't have any books in the house other than Mom's Bible. But she explained that we would go where the books were: "I'd drive you to the library."So pretty soon, there were these two peevish (easily annoyed by unimportant things; bad-tempered 爱生气的；易怒的；脾气坏的adjective: sullen, petulant, morose, testy, crabbed, pettish, fretful, grumpy, querulous) boys sitting in her white 1959 Oldsmobile (2000年通用汽车决定放弃旗下品牌奥斯莫比尔Oldsmobile) on their way to Detroit Public Library. I wandered reluctantly among the children's books.I loved animals, so when I saw some books that seemed to be about animals, I started leafing through (匆匆翻阅；浏览) them.The first book I read clear through was Chip the Dam Builder. It was about beavers (an animal with a wide flat tail and strong teeth.Beavers live in water and onland and can build dams(= barriers across rivers), made of pieces of wood and mud. 河狸；海狸). For the first time in my life I was lost in another world. No television program had ever taken me so far away from my surroundings as did this verbal visit to a cold stream in a forest and these animals building a home.It didn't dawn on ((of an idea) to occur to somebody; to be realized开始（被人）理解，渐渐（使人）明白) me at the time, but the experience was quite different from watching TV. There were images forming in my mind instead of before my eyes. And I could return to them again and again with the flip of a page.Soon I began to look forward to visiting this hushed (of a place 地方quiet because nobody is talking; much quieter than usual 寂静的；宁静的; voices 嗓音speaking very quietly 轻的；低声的) sanctuary (noun: shrine, refuge, asylum, shelter, temple, sanctum) from my other world. I moved from animals to plants, and then to rocks. Between the covers of all those books were whole worlds, and I was free to go anywhere in them. Along the way a funny thing happened I started to know things. Teachers started to notice it too. I got to the point where I couldn't wait to get home to my books.Now my older brother is an engineer and I am chief of pediatric neurosurgery (小儿神经外科) at John Hopkins Children's Center in Baltimore. Sometimes I still can't believe my life's journey, from a failing (below acceptable in performance; "received failing grades") and indifferent (not very good 不很好的；一般的) student in a Detroit public school to this position, which takes me all over the world to teach and perform critical surgery.But I know when the journey began: the day Mom snapped off the TV set and put us in her Oldsmobile for that drive to the library.文章精析：本文是叙述文体裁。
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英语专业四级阅读理解题型分类解析 专四阅读除了掌握一定的答题技巧外，我们还可以从题型特点出发，针对不同类型的考题进行备考练习。根据考纲的要求，阅读题型可以分为六类，分别是主旨类、态度类、细节类、推理类、词汇类和指代类。
1. 主旨类 主旨类题型要求考生能从整体上把握文章大意，能准确无误地理解作者的观点、论述方式和逻辑。此类题型常见的提问形式有
What is the main idea (subject) of this passage ? What is this passage mainly (primarily)concerned with ? The main theme of this passage is . The main point of the passage is . It is clear from this passage that . 解答此类题型，需要完整阅读全文，最好的办法是列出提纲和小标题，先在心里自己总结一下全文的主旨，再对比选项进行选择。此类题型常见的干扰项有几种。一种是基本观点错误，即选项表述的内容与阅读文章中的观点相左，这是比较容易判断的一类。另一种是观点表述不全面，选项中的陈述仅选取了文章中的分论点之一进行说明，而忽略了文中其他主要内容，以偏概全，这样的干扰项因为与文章内容相似度高，观点准确，因此迷惑性较大，需要缜密地思维和谨慎地判断。第三种干扰项是对主题的总结过于宽泛，涵盖了文章中没有涉及的内容，这一类型虽然不常见，但却是最隐蔽、最容易造成判断失误的陷阱。
2. 态度类 此类题型比主旨类题型稍难，因为需要在把握全文大意的基础上，体会作者想要表达的态度。解答此类题目，首先需要对描述态度的词汇熟悉，否则就根本无法答题。以下是常见的态度题型选项中出现的词汇：
表示赞许、支持、喜爱的 positive 肯定的，实际的，积极的，确实的 favorable 赞成的，有利的，赞许的，良好的 approval 赞成，承认，正式批准 enthusiastic 狂热的，热心的，积极的 supportive 支持的，支援的 defensive 为„„而辩护;防守的 表示否定、反对、批评的 negative 否定的，消极的 disapproval 不赞成 objection 异议 opposition 反对 hostile 敌对的，有敌意的 critical 批评的 contemptuous 轻蔑的，侮辱的 ironic 说反话的，讽刺的 sarcastic 反讽的 表示质疑、不解的 suspicious 可疑的，怀疑的 doubtful 可疑的，不确的，疑心的 puzzling 使迷惑的，使莫明其妙的 表示客观、中立、公平的 objective 客观的 neutral 中立的 impartial 公平的，不偏不倚的 disinterested 无私的 impersonal 非个人的 unprejudiced 没有偏见的 unbiased 没有偏见的 detached 不含个人偏见的 其他 reserved 有所保留的，保留意见的 radical 激进的 moderate 适度的，适中的 mild 温和的，温柔的，轻微的，适度的 indignant 愤怒的，愤慨的 concerned 关注的 subjective 主观的 pessimistic 悲观的 unconcerned / indifferent 不关心的 / 漠然的 有的文章中，作者观点明确，文章基调清楚，只要抓住关键词，就可以准确无误地回答。而有的文章中，作者仅仅暗示对某一问题的态度和观点，通过列举论证等展现，需要阅读时仔细琢磨。解答这类文章的态度题时，首先应注意篇章中起连接手段作用的那些词语;其次应注意是否出现了上文所列出的表明作者观点的词汇，包括其形容词、副词、名词和动词的变形。
常见的提问句式有： What’s the writer’s attitude to/ opinion of „? What’s the tone of the passage? The author’s view is ______. 这种题目对考生而言难度较大，迷惑性也较强，因为命题专家多是针对整篇文章中的口吻设问，考生要把握主线观点，不能依赖于某个部分的分观点，同时要理解分观点与主要观点之间是什么关系，即不可张冠李戴，也不可以偏概全。例如作者在谈一件事时使用的全是正面的、积极的词汇，这可以是表示赞成支持的态度，但也可以是为了达到反讽的效果而故意为之。所以，对此类题目作答，最好是先不看选项，阅读全文时对作者的态度做出独立判断，之后选择最符合自己判断的选项，这样可以将错误选项的干扰降到最低。
答题时可以先从文章中直接表达态度的句子入手，对比具有明显感情色彩的词语出现的位置和句群间的关系，做出判断。最后要仔细阅读第一段和最后一段，作为对自己判断的检验，看心中所想的答案逻辑上是否与这两段的内容相符。 最后需要提醒的是，做文章作者态度题时，千万不要把答题者自己的态度与文章作者的态度混为一谈，同时也要注意区分作者本人的态度与作者引用的观点态度。偶尔考题中会针对文中引用人物的态度出题，但是大部分情况考查的都是作者的态度。
3. 细节类 细节类题目考查的是文章某一部分出现的信息，比如何时、何地、发生何事、和谁相关、结果如何等等。回答这类问题的首要任务是从问题中或给出的选项里找到定位关键词，确定返回文章中的哪里去寻找答题所需的信息，比如文章段号、人名或其他专有名
词、时间、地点等等。此类问题常见的表述方式有： Which of the following is NOT true according to the information in the passage? Which of the following is mentioned in the passage? What is the example of ... as described in the passage? According to the passage, when (where, why, how, who, etc. ) . According to this paragraph, ... 细节题在考试中出现的频率很高，但是由于每道题涉及的范围通常比较有限，所以并非难点，只要多加练习，准确率会在短期内有所提高。
细节题的答题关键取决于是否能够快速定位和准确理解文中给出的信息。答题技巧首先是定位关键词。值得注意的是，并非经常出现的词都是我们寻找的目标。出现频率过高的词汇，可能对于信息出处的定位反而不利，所以几乎出现在每段的涉及文章主题的这类关键词往往对细节题形式的回答没有帮助，不要在这些词上浪费时间。答题者需要的是在文中以某段主题出现的关键词，文章的小标题，或者自己阅读时摘录的文章大纲都是很好的定位工具。找到题目询问的信息出处后，就可以开始细读、比较和判断了。细读时要特别注意句子的时态和语态，事件何时发生，是否发生等信息都可以通过这些语法标签直接了解到，无需推断。
其次，一般说来，正确选项中会尽量避免出现与文中同样的词汇，而会使用近义词或同义表述代替，所以重复文中同样词汇的选项是干扰项的可能性更大。当然，以此作为答题的惟一依据是有风险的，这个判断必须与其他技巧共同使用。
另外，细节题的判断基准是作者在文中给出的明确信息，不需要读者调动自己的知识储备，或根据逻辑进行推理，所以选项中如果涉及文中未出现的信息，则必为错误选项。
有时还会出现更具迷惑性的选项，即选项中提到文章中的概念，但所涉及的关键点却不同，这也属于对原文信息的不正确解读。
4. 推理类 推理类题目常见的提问方式有： The writer implies (but not directly states) that ______. It can be inferred from the passage that ______. The author strongly suggests that ______. What can be inferred about X? Which of the following can be inferred about X? According to Paragraph X, which of the following can be inferred about X? Based on the information in Paragraph X, the author implies that ______. We can tell from this/figure out / guess/ expect that ______. The writer seems to expect ______. Pick the answer that seems most reasonable to you. You can assume ______. You can conclude from this paragraph/passage that ______. 此类题目的解答需要依赖逻辑判断，即答案选项中并非直接出现的信息，而是需要答题者通过理解和常识对陈述进行判断，需要注意的是推断过程一般都不会太复杂，只需一步即可，需要多步推论的情况在考题中几乎从未出现过，所以不要把问题想得太复杂，以致影响答题的速度和准确性。
针对不同的干扰项，答题的技巧有几种。当选项含有文章中直接出现的词语时，要特别注意对比与该词语相关的信息(比如事件、时间、地点、因果、顺序等等)是否发生了改变，没有完全正确地复述原文内容的选项就是干扰项。另外，选项本身所陈述的逻辑可能很符合常识，但是如果这样的推论中包含了原文中未出现的信息，也一定不是正确答案。这类干扰项具有较大迷惑性，回答时要切记与原文对照，不要想当然。
5. 词汇类 词汇类题目考查的主要是根据上下文推断词义的能力，以及对构词方式的了解。常见的问题表述有： According to the author, the word “„” means . Which of the following is nearest in meaning to “„”? The term “...” in Paragraph... can be best replaced by ... 扎实的基本功是解答这类题目的关键，唯一的技巧就是能够在文章中找到帮助阐释词汇意义的关键词，比如以同样成分出现在并列句式中的词汇往往是所考词语的近义词，或者是在转折连词后出现的内容，一