2022-2023学年广东省惠州市博罗县博罗中学高三英语第一学期期末质量检测试题含解析

2022-2023高三上英语期末模拟试卷考生须知：1．全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。

选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。

2．请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。

3．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Nowadays, more and more young ladies, figures most are fine enough, are going on a diet.A．who B．whoseC．of whose D．of whom2．The steamboat was fully furnished with life preservers. The passengers might be saved __________ accidents.A．in spite of B．instead ofC．in case of D．in place of3．The police are offering ______ reward of $50,000 for information leading to the arrest of _____ murderer.A．the; the B．a; a C．the; a D．a; the4．Yet _______ in the process of development did they stop to consider the impact of their “progress” on nature.A．in no time B．at no pointC．as likely as not D．more often than not5．The number of stay-at-home fathers reached a record high last year, new figures show, _______ families saw a rise in female breadwinners.A．if B．asC．because D．though6．—I am searching one online shopping site after another for a computer.—So __________I before I decided to buy a new camera.A．had B．have C．am D．would7．Different tastes among tourists from outside the mainland ________ the list of the country's attractions．A．top B．shape C．lead D．show8．To make extra-class education run on the right track, China is tightening _____ of after-school training institutions.A．application B．regulationC．adaptation D．cooperation9．He ________ in a university for five years, but now he runs a company of his own. A．has taught B．had taughtC．taught D．has been teaching10．—Iris is always kind and ________ to the suffering of others.—No wonder she chooses to be a relief worker.A．allergic B．immuneC．relevant D．sensitive11．A grand banquet w as held by Elizabeth II _____ President Xi’s current state visit to the UK.A．in terms of B．in honor ofC．in favor of D．in memory of12．Though our football boys are faced with four goals behind, they are still struggling hard in the field to ______.A．face the music B．save faceC．cost their arm and leg D．land on their feet13．—I am wondering ________ makes you study so hard?—To go to my dream university.A．what is it that B．that is whatC．what is that D．what it is that14．—What did she want to know, Tom?—She wondered we could complete the experimentA．when was it that B．it was when thatC．it was when D．when it was that15．In the forest, sound is the best means of communication over distance ________ in comparison with light, it won't be blocked by trees when travelling.A．while B．becauseC．when D．though16．Having been treated in the hospital for as long as six months, the man injured in the car crash is now eventually back _______ his feet.A．at B．inC．on D．to17．— Mum, little Ray broke his toys again!—It doesn't matter. You see, accidents _____happen.A．shall B．should C．must D．will18．When we have a chance to travel, we tend to ______ as many sights into the trip as we can--- seven countries in ten days, for example.A．squeeze B．sneeze C．subscribe D．substitute19．—What was it that caused the party to be put off?—________ the invitations.A．Because Tom delayed sendingB．Tom delayed to sendC．That Tom delayed sendingD．Tom delayed sending20．There are lots of examples of English idioms ________ animals are used. A．which B．whenC．whose D．where第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

21．（6分）We should all let the sunshine in as much as possible--not just because it makes us feel good. Exposure to sunlight produces vitamin D in our skin. This is why we call vitamin D the “sunshine vitamin.”Vitamin D is good for everybody. In fact, research shows this "sunshine vitamin" could help women with breast cancer live longer.Breast cancer patients who have high blood levels of vitamin D have a better prognosis(/a)than women who don't. A prognosis is how quickly a doctor expects a patient to recover or how long a doctor expects a patient to live.Researchers found that these women had less aggressive cancers. They were also 30 percent less likely to die from the cancer or to get it again.Researcher Song Yao led the study for the Roswell Park Cancer Institute. He said the study showed that high vitamin D levels improved the patients' prognosis no matter what type or how advanced their cancer wasBesides fighting breast cancer, vitamin D helps the body in other ways. Most importantly, vitamin D controls how the body absorbs calcium. It also makes sure the body's immune system works normally.Several studies show that vitamin D also strengthens the immune system and helps the body fight disease Vitamin D may help reduce your risk of developing heart disease, according to a 2008 study published in the journal Circulation. And it may also help protect you against getting the flu. Other studies have shown that vitamin D might helppeople suffering from depression.Factors in the environment may limit our exposure to sunlight and, therefore, vitamin D．These factors include pollution, using too much sunscreen, spending too much time inside and living in areas with little sunlight.So if you can't get enough sunshine, eat foods that are rich in vitamin D: egg yolks, cheese and fatty fish h as salmon, sardines, tuna or mackerelHow much vitamin D you need is a much-debated topic. The best way to know if you need more vitamin D is to get tested by a doctor.1、According to the research, women with high blood levels of vitamin D ______. A．live longer than women without B．never get cancer againC．have less aggressive cancers D．can recover from cancer earlier2、The benefits of vitamin D are _______.a. strengthening the immune systemb. killing cancer cellsc. promoting the absorption of calciumd. protecting against getting the fluA．abc. B．acdC．abd. D．abcd.3、To get more vitamin D, people can__________.A．eat more food and do more exerciseB．get exposure to more sunlight and eat foods rich in itC．drink more water and eat more foods rich in itD．eat more food and keep positive4、How does the author support the theme of the passage?A．By providing research results B．By stating argumentsC．By explaining statistical data. D．By giving examples.22．（8分）While smartphones stand accused of a variety of crimes, these pocket computers can certainly be a force for good. Y our phone is always with you, making it the perfect device to push you into a more beneficial way of living. Here are some of the best apps that can help.HabiticaHabitica turns the goal of forming good habits into a game, with its own charactersand scoring. It’s a lot of fun，and the app also lets you build habits with friends and family. In addition to regular repeating habits, you can add a more general to-do list, and the rewards you get can be customized too — you could treat yourself to a meal out or an extra hour of games.Smoke FreeIf you’ve got a specific habit in mind，then you’ll usually find sp ecific apps to help, like Smoke Free. If you’re determined to give up smoking, then this is one of the most comprehensive apps for giving you that extra push you need to make a permanent change. The app offers a host of useful features for people wanting to go smoke-free ：The ability to see your progress over time，charts showing how your health is improving，day-by-day encouragement，and some advice on techniques for giving up smoking.MyFitnessPalYou can find a ton of health and fitness apps for your phone, but MyFitnessPal stands out not just because it is easy to use, but because it makes practical suggestions for you. It can take in a host of data, from the calories (卡路里)you’re taking in to the number of swims you’re doing per week, and offer reports on calorie consumption and macronutrient (大量营养素）breakdown.1、What can Habitica help you to do?A．Win a tough game. B．Start a lasting friendship.C．Find a fancy restaurant. D．Develop a pleasant habit.2、Which of the following can Smoke Free provide?A．The freedom to smoke. B．The ability to make progress. C．Advice on how to quit smoking. D．Charts about your excellent health. 3、What can we learn about the three apps mentioned in the text?A．They’re cheap.B．They’re practical.C．They’re free.D．They’re interesti ng.23．（8分）University of Pennsylvania researchers say that for the first time they have linked social media use to increases in depression and loneliness．The idea that social media is anything but social when it comes to mental health has been talked about for years，but not many studies have managed to actually link the two．To do that，Penn researchers，led by psychologist Melissa Hunt，designed a study thatfocused on WeChat，Snapchat and Instagram．The study was conducted with 143 participants，who before they began，completed a mood survey and sent along photos of their battery screens，showing how often they were using their phones to access social media．"We set out to do a much more complete study which attempts to imitate real life．" Hunt said．The study divided the participants into two groups：The first group was allowed to maintain their normal social media habits．The other，the control group，was restricted to 10 minutes per day on social media．The restrictions were put in place for three weeks and then the participants returned and were tested for outcomes such as fear of missing out，anxiety，depression and loneliness．The results showed a very clear link between social media use and increased levels of depression and loneliness．"Using less social media than you normally do would lead to significant decreases in both depression and loneliness，" Hunt said．Social media invites what Hunt calls "downward social comparison．" "Whenyou're online，it can sometimes seem that everyone else is cooler and having more fun and included in more things and you're left out，" Hunt said．And that's just generally discouraging．"Every minute you spend online is a minute you are not doing your work or not meeting a friend for dinner or having a deep conversation with your roommate．" And these real life activities are the ones that can encourage self﹣esteem and self﹣worth，Hunt added．"People are on their devices，and that's not going to change，" she said．But as in life，a bit of control goes a long way．1、Before the study was conducted，the participants completed a survey to．A．imitate people's real lifeB．link loneliness to depressionC．show their use of social mediaD．prove social media is important2、The results of the study showed using less social media would result in．A．people's fear of missing outB．higher levels of depressionC．obvious relief in lonelinessD．lower levels of happiness3、In Hunt's opinion，which activity benefits more to mental health？A．Hiking out with friends．B．Making comparison with others．C．Playing computer games in spare time．D．Logging onto social media and having fun．4、Which can be the best title of the passage？A．A Study on Social Media．B．How to Improve Mental Health．C．People Addicted to Social Media．D．Social Media Influences Mental Health．24．（8分）SYDNEY-Visitors to an Australian tourist hotspot have been advised to use umbrellas to protect themselves against dingo attacks, according to a research.Fraser Island, off the coast of Queensland, offers a rare opportunity to observe the native wild dogs, but people can occasionally meet dingoes acting in a threatening or aggressive manner toward them, resulting in human injury and, in one tragic case, death, according to a research paper published on Thursday in the Pacific Conservation Biology scientific journal.Reviewing a wide range of measures to help manage wild animals, the researchers said moves to minimize harm from dingoes have included electric fencing and warning signs. However, “strong umbrellas” and “mild ch emical irritant (刺激性的) sprays” could also offer personal protection.Australian dingoes, which feature ratably in native culture but are also viewed as a threat to livestock in some areas, are listed as an endangered species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. The medium-sized dogs have broad heads, pointed muzzles, and red or yellow coats, and are found across the country except Tasmania, according to government agency Tourism Australia.Fraser Island, stretches over 123 kilometres in length and 22 kilometres at its widest point. With an area of 184 000 hectares, it is the largest sand island in the world. The island prides attractions such as its superb scenery and humpback whales, and is also home to the most pure strain of dingoes remaining in eastern Australia.By bringing up instances of how an umbrella “rapidly opened in front of charging bears was enough to cause them to stop or move back”, the researchers said “an open,strong umbrella may also serve as useful protection against a dingo making a very close approach”.1、Which of the following is true about Australian dingoes?A．They are fierce and big.B．They are native and famous in Australia.C．They can be found in every island of Australia.D．They often cause harm to humans and livestock.2、They are all attractions of Fraser Island EXCEPT .A．bears B．dingoesC．scenery D．humpback whales3、We can infer from the last paragraph that .A．dingoes are as dangerous as bears in AustraliaB．people always use umbrellas to frighten away bearsC．if umbrellas work on bears, so do they on dingoesD．the umbrellas are specially designed against bears and dingoes25．（10分） A new study has discovered that meditation（冥想）and oxygen sport together reduce depression. The Rutgers University study found that this mind and body combination, done twice a week for only two months, reduced the symptoms for a group of students by 40 percent.“We are excited by the findings because we saw such a meaningful improvement in both clinically depressed and non-depressed students,” said lead author Dr. Brandon Alderman. “It is the first time that both of these two behavioral ways have been looked at together for dealing with depression.”Researchers believe the two activities have an interactive effect on combating depression. Alderman and Dr. Tracey Shors discovered that a combination of mental and physical training (MAP) enabled students with major depressive disorder not to let problems or negative thoughts defeat them.Rutgers researchers say those who participated in the study began with 30 minutes of focused attention meditation followed by 30 minutes of oxygen sport. They were told that if their thoughts drifted to the past or the future they should refocus on their breathing, enabling those with depression to accept moment-to-moment changes in attention.Shors, who studies the production of new brain cells in the hippocampus—part of the brain involved in memory and learning—says scientists have shown in animal models that oxygen sport exercise keeps a large number of certain cells alive.The idea for the human intervention（干预）came from her laboratory studies, she says, with the main goal of helping individuals acquire new skills so that they can learn to recover from stressful life events.By learning to focus their attention and exercise, people who are fighting depression can acquire new learning skills that can help them process information and reduce the overwhelming recollection of memories from the past, Shors says.“We know these treatments can be practiced over a lifetime and t hat they will be effective in improving mental health.” said Alderman. “The good news is that this intervention can be practiced by anyone at any time and at no cost.”1、What made the research so different?A．Adopting a way of meaningful talk.B．Combining the two behavioral ways to treat depression.C．Treating depression with special medicine.D．Comparing the depressed with the non-depressed.2、The underlined word “combating” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by ______. A．fighting B．identifyingC．distinguishing D．examining3、What did the participants do in the research?A．They did oxygen sport half an hour before thinking.B．They thought quietly and then took exercise.C．They took exercise longer than they thought.D．They took exercise while thinking quietly.4、What is Shors’ main purpose of her studies?A．To find out certain brain cells of humans.B．To study the production of new brain cells.C．To offer people a new method to treat stress.D．To decide the links between stress and exercise.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）While most students in the USAare worrying about getting into their dreamuniversities, others worry about a bigger problem. Students brought to the USA illegally, who have to leave a 36 on applications that need their Social Security number, know they will not be accepted 37 their outstanding grades and performance. The young immigrants 38 from the U.S. school system, but only up through high school. Their education often 39 there due to a 1996 federal law that bans states from offering in-state tuition rate(学费) to illegal immigrants 40 the state also offers it to all U.S. citizens. However, there may be some hope because of the DREA M Act, which will be voted on in Congress (国会).The DREAM Act is a/an 41 aid program for the young illegal immigrants who entered the U.S. before they were 16. Those who apply for this program can get 42 and temporary residing (居住) status, which can be changed, once 43 , to a green card after six years. These immigrants can then use their newly acquired status to seek green cards for their 44 .In this way, it can also provide citizenship for the illegal foreigners who brought their children to the US.“I don’t l ive in fear of being driven out of this 45 ,” says Juan, a high school junior born in Mexico. “I live a normal life here 46 that now everyone is getting their driver’s license, and I can’t.”Juan came to the U.S. with his mother and older brother at eight. He is hoping for the DREAM Act to be 47 . While he admits that there is no obvious prejudice in high school, Juan 48 faces unfair racial treatment.“It 49 me when people joke around and ask me for my green card,” Juan explains. “I 50 , but deep down I know they are offending me for 51 I have no control over. I was born in Mexico, but my 52 is here.”His brothernow attends a community (社区) college and plans to enter a university. Juan hopes to take a 53 path. “For long,I have no 54 that I can go to university” Juan says. “I know it’s going to be hard, but as long as I stay in this country,I have a/an 55 .”1、A．blank B．track C．name D．message2、A．because of B．instead of C．in terms of D．regardless of3、A．suffer B．benefit C．learn D．graduate4、A．stops B．begins C．continues D．changes5、A．if B．until C．unless D．after6、A．legal B．international C．seasonal D．educational7、A．low B．conditional C．stable D．regular8、A．denied B．lost C．bought D．earned9、A．children B．parents C．friends D．relatives10、A．school B．program C．system D．country11、A．with B．in C．except D．now12、A．introduced B．discussed C．passed D．corrected13、A．almost B．still C．even D．only14、A．bothers B．worries C．confuses D．surprises15、A．laugh B．cry C．shout D．sigh16、A．everything B．nothing C．something D．anything17、A．success B．origin C．life D．experience18、A．similar B．right C．different D．direct19、A．confidence B．idea C．interest D．doubt第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。