托福阅读常用介词短语汇总

托福 TOEFL IBT GRE GMAT 必备语法高效总结

形容词+补足语：(构成形容词短语)形容词+介词短语：A jacket similar to yoursDarwin had a phrase to describe those ignorant of evolution: they “look at an organic being as a savage looks at a ship, as at something wholly beyond his comprehension.形容词+不定式短语：Parents eager to support their children’s efforts形容词+动名词短语：A waiter busy serving the guests形容词+that：If a diamond is heated without oxygen , it will turn to graphite , a form of carbon so soft that it is used as a lubricant.多形容词并列修饰：(后置)We can easily point to inequalities, social and economic, but there is still a deep-seated belief that, no matter what his wealth or his job, each man is fundamentally equal with every other.多形容词与“形容词+补足语”并列：John was a ranchman, big, quiet, unlettered, and strong as horse.The+最高级+of+所属范围：Certain zoologists regard crows the most intelligent of birds. Of all metals, gold is the least useful.of属格的逻辑语义关系:主谓关系：从右往左翻译（不及物动词）The arrival of my mother动宾关系：从左往右翻译（及物动词）America’s invasion of Iraq同位关系：（二者互相说明）The city of RomeThe news of the team’s victory基本句型：（一）主语+系动词+表语系动词：链接主语和后面成分的词表语：又称主语补足语，在动词后面补充说明主语性质的成分(名词、形容词)Learning English is very important.He became a teacher.The leaf will turn yellow in autumn.简单句叠加为复杂难句：（定语复杂化）✓Vitamins are organic compounds.✓Vitamins are organic compounds necessary for the normal growth of life. (添加形容词短语)✓Vitamins are organic compounds necessary for the normal growth and maintenance of life of animals, including man. （形容词短语复杂化）✓Vitamins are organic compounds necessary in small amounts in the diet for the normal growth and maintenance of life of animals, including man. （介词短语插入）（二）主语+谓语（不及物动词）+【状语】状语：用来修饰说明动作发生的原因、方式、地点、时间的成分（副词、介词短语）They shouted loudly(方式状语)He died at home (地点状语)He died in 2007(时间状语)简单句叠加为复杂难句：（定语从句复杂化）✓This trend began during the Second World War.✓This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came to this conclusion. （定语从句）✓This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came to this conclusion that the specific demands cannot generally be foreseen in detail. （添加同位语从句）✓This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands thata government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannotgenerally be foreseen in detail. (添加定语从句) (make demands of 对…提出要求)（三）主语+谓语+宾语These children are playing football.简单句叠加为复杂难句：✓The emphasis helped to obscure the great importance.✓The emphasis given by both scholars and statesman helped to obscure the great importance. (分词短语作定语)✓The emphasis given by both scholars and statesman to the presumed disappearance of the American frontier helped to obscure the great importance. (介词短语作定语)✓The emphasis given by both scholars and statesman to the presumed disappearance of the American frontier helped to obscure the great importance of changes in the conditions an consequences of international trade. (介词短语作定语)✓The emphasis given by both scholars and statesman to the presumed disappearance of the American frontier helped to obscure the great importance of changes in the conditions an consequences of international trade that occurred during the second half of the nineteenth century. (添加定语从句)（四）主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语（双宾语）间接宾语：人，动作的接受者。

托福综合写作词汇总结

托福综合写作词汇总结一、表示观点类。

1. Opinion（[əˈpɪnjən]，名词）- 例句：His opinion on this issue is very different from mine.2. View（[vjuː]，名词）- 例句：The author's view in the passage is quite convincing.3. Standpoint（[ˈstændpɔɪnt]，名词）- 例句：We should consider this problem from different standpoints.4. Perspective（[pəˈspektɪv]，名词）- 例句：From a historical perspective, this event has great significance.二、表示支持类。

1. Support（[səˈpɔːt]，动词/名词）- 例句：The evidence in the lecture supports the idea in the reading.（动词）- 例句：We need more support for this project.（名词）2. Back up（[bæk ʌp]，动词短语）- 例句：The data from the research backs up the author's claim.3. Endorse（[ɪnˈdɔːs]，动词）- 例句：Many experts endorse this new theory.三、表示反对类。

1. Oppose（[əˈpəʊz]，动词）- 例句：Some people oppose the construction of the new factory.2. Object to（[ˈɒbdʒɪkt tuː]，动词短语）- 例句：He objects to the new policy.3. Contradict（[ˌkɒntrəˈdɪkt]，动词）- 例句：The lecturer's statement contradicts what is written in the reading.四、表示比较类。

托福阅读50条必备短语汇总

托福阅读50条必备短语汇总托福阅读该如何提高?新东方在线托福网带来托福阅读50条必备短语汇总，希望对考生托福阅读备考有所帮助!更多托福备考资料请查看新东方在线托福网更多精彩内容。

想要让托福考试之路更加顺利，你就必须不断的积累托福词汇。

不仅仅是单词，一些常用的短语也是非常重要的。

1. a couple of 两三个，几个Although he thought of the key idea in 1951, the first maser was not completed until a couple of years later.2. account for 解释Variations of clay composition and the temperatures at which they are fired account for the differences in texture and appearance.3. adapt to 使适应于They have been able to adapt to ecological changes.4, adorn with sth 用…装饰Some pots were adorned with incised or stamped decorations.5.appeal to 吸引Publishing literature consisting of exciting stories that would appeal to both children and adults6.apply to 适用于Ethological theory began to be applied to research on children in the 1960’s.7.at best 充其量，最多Hunting is at best a precarious way of procuring food, even when the diet is supplemented with seeds and fruits.8.at intervals 相隔一定距离However, at intervals of 10 to 100 years, these glaciers move forward up to 100 times faster than usual.9.at the expense of sth 在损害…的情况下A multitude of microorganisms make their livings directly at the expense of other creatures.10.at the height of sth 在…最鼎盛时期The violin had reached the height of its popularity by the middle of the eighteenth century.11.back and forth 来回地They then spiral back and forth between the Earth's magnetic poles very rapidly.12.be absent from 缺席，不在Lacking the right to vote and absent from the seats of power, women line were not considered an important force in history.13.be capable of 能…的Many animals are capable of using objects in the natural environment as rudimentary tools.14. be characterized by 以…为特征The nervous system of vertebrates is characterized by a hollow, dorsal nerve cord that ends in the head region as an enlargement, the brain.15.be composed of 由…组成Ocean life is primarily composed of plants.16.be concerned with 与某事物有关Ethnology is concerned with the study of adaptive, or survival, value of behavior and its Evolutionary history.17.be distinct from 与…不同Jupiter and the other giant planets are of a low-density type quite distinct from the terrestrial planets18.be essential to 对…不可缺少Public performance is essential to verbal art.19.be exposed to 使接触，使遭受Body contact reduces the surface area exposed to the cold air.20.be far from 离…很远，根本不是But far from being random, molt is controlled by strong evolutionary forces that have established an optimal time and duration.21. be hostile to 极不友好的，极厌恶的Ocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans22.be regarded as 被认为是Humanity's primal efforts to systematize the concepts of size, shapes, and number are usually regarded as the earliest mathematics.23.be related to 与…有关的，相联系的Why is dancing closely related to popular music in the United States?24. be responsible for 对…负责In fact, nuclear reactions that convert hydrogen to helium are responsible for most of the energy that stars produce.托福阅读50条必备短语汇总二25. be sensitive to 对…敏感的Ants can be extremely sensitive to these signals.26.be subjected to 经历，遭受Oil is formed when organic material trapped in sediments is slowly buried and subjected to increased temperatures and pressures, transforming it into petroleum.27. be superior to 优越于Natural vitamins are superior to synthetic ones28 .be traced to 找出根源The ancestry of the piano can be traced to the early keyboard instruments of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries.29. be/become aware of 意识到，认识到People became aware of the new service by word of mouth or newspaper advertisements.30. be/become/get accustomed to 习惯于In the harsh environment of northern Europe, Scandinavian women had been accustomed to practicing forms of shifting cultivation, and they immediately understood Native American horticulture.31. be/become/get involved in 与…有关联的Two distinct processes are involved in molting.32.benefit from 从…中受益Students benefit from schools, which require long hours and homework.33.break down 分解All of these forces slowly break down the Earth's exposed rocky crust into smaller and smaller pieces that eventually become clay.34.by far 到目前为止Marine sediment is by far the most important environment for the preservation of fossils.35.by means of 通过，凭借The topic of the passage is developed primarily by means of Adividing the discussion into two major areas.36.by virtue of 由于Many are uninhabitable, by virtue of their small size and particular characteristics37.confine to 限制在一定范围之内The delivery service was at first confined to cities.38.conform to 符合Parks should be designed to conform to the topography of the area39.contribute to 有贡献，有助于Transportation contributed to the development and maintenance of trade.40.cope with 对付Under certain circumstance the human body must cope with gases at greater-than-normal atmospheric pressure.41.date back to 始于In the United States, rent controls date back to at least World War II.42. depend on 依靠The gulls depend on the falcons for protection.43. deprive sb/sth of sth 剥夺..某事物Plant stems die when deprived of water.44.derive from 获得，起源于Babies obviously derive pleasure from sound input.45.due to 由于，因为Due to their dense structure, iron meteorites have the best chance of surviving an impact, and most are found by farmers plowing their fields.46. evolve from/out of 从...进化来，从…发展来The one most widely accepted today is based on the assumption that drama evolved from ritual.47.extract from 提取It turns out that some fossils can be extracted from these sediments by putting the rocks in an acid bath.48.feed on 以…为食物Predators are animals that capture and feed on other animals.49.focus on 集中(注意力)于They focus on the meaning of their parents' words.50. get rid of 处理掉Atoms or molecules get rid of excess energy by themselves, without any outside intervention.以上就是新东方在线托福网整理发布的托福阅读50条必备短语汇总。

托福阅读技巧：100个阅读必会短语

托福阅读技巧：100个阅读必会短语为了帮助大家熟悉托福阅读短语，高效备考托福考试，新东方在线托福网为大家带来托福阅读技巧：100个阅读必会短语一文，希望对大家托福备考有所帮助。

更多精彩尽请关注新东方在线托福网!1. a couple of 两三个，几个Although he thought of the key idea in 1951, the first maser was not completed until a couple of years later.2. account for 解释Variations of clay composition and the temperatures at which they are fired account for the differences in texture and appearance.3. adapt to 使适应于They have been able to adapt to ecological changes.4, adorn with sth 用…装饰Some pots were adorned with incised or stamped decorations.5.appeal to 吸引Publishing literature consisting of exciting stories that would appeal to both children and adults6.apply to 适用于Ethological theory began to be applied to research on children in the 1960’s.7.at best 充其量，最多Hunting is at best a precarious way of procuring food, even when the diet is supplemented with seeds and fruits.8.at intervals 相隔一定距离However, at intervals of 10 to 100 years, these glaciers move forward up to 100 times faster than usual.9.at the expense of sth 在损害…的情况下A multitude of microorganisms make their livings directly at the expense of other creatures.10.at the height of sth 在…最鼎盛时期The violin had reached the height of its popularity by the middle of the eighteenth century.11.back and forth 来回地They then spiral back and forth between the Earth's magnetic poles very rapidly.12.be absent from 缺席，不在Lacking the right to vote and absent from the seats of power, women line were not considered an important force in history.13.be capable of 能…的Many animals are capable of using objects in the natural environment as rudimentary tools.14. be characterized by 以…为特征The nervous system of vertebrates is characterized by a hollow, dorsal nerve cord that ends in the head region as an enlargement, the brain.15.be composed of 由…组成Ocean life is primarily composed of plants.16.be concerned with 与某事物有关Ethnology is concerned with the study of adaptive, or survival, value of behavior and its Evolutionary history.17.be distinct from 与…不同Jupiter and the other giant planets are of a low-density type quite distinct from the terrestrial planets18.be essential to 对…不可缺少Public performance is essential to verbal art.19.be exposed to 使接触，使遭受Body contact reduces the surface area exposed to the cold air.20.be far from 离…很远，根本不是But far from being random, molt is controlled by strong evolutionary forces that have established an optimal time and duration.21. be hostile to 极不友好的，极厌恶的Ocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans22.be regarded as 被认为是Humanity's primal efforts to systematize the concepts of size, shapes, and number are usually regarded as the earliest mathematics.23.be related to 与…有关的，相联系的Why is dancing closely related to popular music in the United States?24. be responsible for 对…负责In fact, nuclear reactions that convert hydrogen to helium are responsible for most of the energy that stars produce.25. be sensitive to 对…敏感的Ants can be extremely sensitive to these signals.26.be subjected to 经历，遭受Oil is formed when organic material trapped in sediments is slowly buried and subjected to increased temperatures and pressures, transforming it into petroleum.27. be superior to 优越于Natural vitamins are superior to synthetic ones28 .be traced to 找出根源The ancestry of the piano can be traced to the early keyboard instruments of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries.29. be/become aware of 意识到，认识到People became aware of the new service by word of mouth or newspaper advertisements.30. be/become/get accustomed to 习惯于In the harsh environment of northern Europe, Scandinavian women had been accustomed to practicing forms of shifting cultivation, and they immediately understood Native American horticulture.31. be/become/get involved in 与…有关联的Two distinct processes are involved in molting.32.benefit from 从…中受益Students benefit from schools, which require long hours and homework.33.break down 分解All of these forces slowly break down the Earth's exposed rocky crust into smaller and smaller pieces that eventually become clay.34.by far 到目前为止Marine sediment is by far the most important environment for the preservation of fossils.35.by means of 通过，凭借The topic of the passage is developed primarily by means of Adividing the discussion into two major areas.36.by virtue of 由于Many are uninhabitable, by virtue of their small size and particular characteristics37.confine to 限制在一定范围之内The delivery service was at first confined to cities.38.conform to 符合Parks should be designed to conform to the topography of the area39.contribute to 有贡献，有助于Transportation contributed to the development and maintenance of trade.40.cope with 对付Under certain circumstance the human body must cope with gases at greater-than-normal atmospheric pressure.41.date back to 始于In the United States, rent controls date back to at least World War II.42. depend on 依靠The gulls depend on the falcons for protection.43. deprive sb/sth of sth 剥夺..某事物Plant stems die when deprived of water.44.derive from 获得，起源于Babies obviously derive pleasure from sound input.45.due to 由于，因为Due to their dense structure, iron meteorites have the best chance of surviving an impact, and most are found by farmers plowing their fields.46. evolve from/out of 从...进化来，从…发展来The one most widely accepted today is based on the assumption that drama evolved from ritual.47.extract from 提取It turns out that some fossils can be extracted from these sediments by putting the rocks in an acid bath.48.feed on 以…为食物Predators are animals that capture and feed on other animals.49.focus on 集中(注意力)于They focus on the meaning of their parents' words.50. get rid of 处理掉Atoms or molecules get rid of excess energy by themselves, without any outside intervention.51.give access to 向…开放To connect the pueblos and to give access to the surrounding tableland, the architects laid out a system of public roads with stone staircases for ascending cliff faces.52.give birth to 使诞生，引起Most insects lay eggs, but some give birth to live young.53.give off 发散，发出If Jupiter were larger, it would give off much less heat.54.give rise to 引起，导致The musical Renaissance was too short to give rise to a new musical style.55.go beyond 超过，越过An interviewer can go beyond written questions and probe for a subject's underlying feelings and reasons.56.go out of business 停业，关门The shop went out of business.57.have nothing to do with 与…无关A species’survival may have nothing to do with its ability or inability to adapt.58.impart to 传授给They functioned as sanctuaries where the elders impart tribal lore to the younger generation.59.impose on 强加于New regulations were imposed on nontraditional education.60.in common 共同No two comets ever look identical, but they have basic features in common.61.in favor of 赞同，支持The artist was in favor of a traditional style of painting.62.in quantity 大量，大批There were also a number of poor-quality figurines and painted pots produced in quantity by easy, inexpensive means.63.in season 当季Before the mid-nineteenth century, people in the United States ate most foods only in season.64.in spite of 尽管，任凭In spite of problems with their condition, restoration, and preservation many panel paintings have survived.65.in the absence of 在缺乏…的情况下The concentrations at which the adverse effects appear will be greater than the concentrations that the pollutants would have in the absence of human activities.66.in view of 由于In view of the rate at which the radio sources emit energy, they should disappear in a few million years.67.instead of 代替Instead of working with light, however, he worked with microwaves.68.invest in 投资He started to invest in the town’s cultural development.69.lead to 导致，引起In fact, there is wide agreement that it is the rate of change humans are inflicting, even more than the changes themselves that will lead to biological devastation.70.leave out 排除Explanations of animal behavior that leave out any sort of consciousness at all and ascribe actions entirely to instinct leave many questions unanswered.71.off the mark 不正确This analogy is not far off the mark.72.on behalf of 代表Satire serves to prod people into an awareness of truth though rarely to any action on behalf of truth.73. on the basis of 在…的基础上Antoine Lavisher, on the basis of careful experimentation, was led to propose a different theory of burning74.owing to 由于，因为Marine sediment is by far the most important environment for the preservation of fossils, owing to the incredible richness of marine life.75.perceive sth as sth 认为Although art deco in its many forms was largely perceived as thoroughly modern, it was strongly influenced by the decorative arts movements that immediately preceded it.76.pick up 学会Adults make it as easy as they can for babies to pick up a language by exaggerating such cues.77.put off 推迟Some tasks could not be done in the winter, other had to be put off during harvest time.78.regardless of 不顾Ultimately, literature is aesthetically valued, regardless of language, culture, or mode of presentation.79.result from 因..而产生Most functions result from the needs of the local area and of the surrounding.80.result in 结果，导致The upward movement of fieldstones should result in pure soil.81.set about 开始，动手African American artists of this period set about creating a new portrayal of themselves and their lives in the United States.82. set aside 留下将来用Certain parts of town were restricted to residential use, while others were set aside for industrial or commercial development.83.so far 到目前为止The Paris Exhibition of 1889 included both the widest span and the greatest height achieved so far.84.sort out 把…分类Clay particles are sorted out by size and weight.85.spring up 涌现In the early colonial day in North America, small cities sprang up along the Atlantic Coastline.86.stem from 起源于It can be argued that much of New York City’s importance stems from its early and continuing advantage of situation.87.stretch out 伸展，伸出The residues from these explosions left huge black marks on the face of Jupiter, some of which have stretched out to form dark ribbons.88.strive for 为…而奋斗As they began to strive for social and cultural independence，their attitudes toward themselves changed.89.take account of sth./take sth into account 考虑到Artists are recognizing the distinction between public and private spaces, and taking that into account when executing their public commissions.90.take advantage of 利用Many families could take advantage of previously unavailable fruits, vegetables, and dairy products to achieve more varied fare.91.thanks to 由于kiwis smell out earthworms thanks to nostrils located at the tip of their beaks.92.to some extent 某种程度上Their attitudes toward themselves changed, and, to some extent, other segments of American society began to change their attitudes toward them.93.turn out 结果是，证明是Some potash was exported from Maine and New Hampshire in the seventeenth century, but the market turned out to be mainly domestic.her in 宣告…的来临Autumn could be ushered in by severe frost.95. wear away 磨损Natural forces wear away the Earth's crust96.wipe out 消灭，肃清Entire crops can be wiped out by fungal attacks both before and after harvesting.97.with respect to 在…方面The year 1850 may be considered the beginning of a new epoch in America art, with respect to the development of watercolor painting.98. with the advent of 随着…的出现With the advent of high-resolution radio interferometers during the late 1970's, part of the answer became clear.99.with the aid of 借助于It is now taught with the aid of computers.100.with the exception of 除..以外With the exception of printing patterns directly onto the cloth, whether by block, roller, or screen, all of these are based on dyeing; that is, the immersion of the fabric in a dye bath.以上就是新东方在线托福网为你带来的托福阅读技巧：100个阅读必会短语，更多精彩敬请关注新东方在线托福网。

实例讲解托福阅读备考必备100个短语用法

实例讲解托福阅读备考必备100个短语用法为了帮助大家更好的备考托福阅读，能够在托福阅读考试中高效的阅读和答题，在这里小编为大家整理了托福阅读中必须要学会的100个短语/词组，并附有范例。

希望对大家托福阅读提分有帮助，大家备考时可以认真记忆。

1. a couple of 两三个，几个Although he thought of the key idea in 1951, the first maser was not completed until acouple of years later.2. account for 解释Variations of clay composition and the temperatures at which they are fired account forthe differences in texture and appearance.3. adapt to 使适应于They have been able to adapt to ecological changes.4, adorn with sth 用…装饰Some pots were adorned with incised or stamped decorations.5.appeal to 吸引Publishing literature consisting of exciting stories that would appeal to both children andadults6.apply to 适用于Ethological theory began to be applied to resea rch on children in the 1960’s.7.at best 充其量，最多Hunting is at best a precarious way of procuring food, even when the diet is supplementedwith seeds and fruits.8.at intervals 相隔一定距离However, at intervals of 10 to 100 years, these glaciers move forward up to 100 timesfaster than usual.9.at the expense of sth 在损害…的情况下A multitude of microorganisms make their livings directly at the expense of other creatures.10.at the height of sth 在…最鼎盛时期The violin had reached the height of its popularity by the middle of the eighteenthcentury.11.back and forth 来回地They then spiral back and forth between the Earth's magnetic poles very rapidly.12.be absent from 缺席，不在Lacking the right to vote and absent from the seats of power, women line were notconsidered an important force in history.13.be capable of 能…的Many animals are capable of using objects in the natural environment as rudimentarytools.14. be characterized by 以…为特征The nervous system of vertebrates is characterized by a hollow, dorsal nerve cord thatends in the head region as an enlargement, the brain.15.be composed of 由…组成Ocean life is primarily composed of plants.16.be concerned with 与某事物有关Ethnology is concerned with the study of adaptive, or survival, value of behavior and itsEvolutionary history.17.be distinct from 与…不同Jupiter and the other giant planets are of a low-density type quite distinct from theterrestrial planets18.be essential to 对…不可缺少Public performance is essential to verbal art.19.be exposed to 使接触，使遭受Body contact reduces the surface area exposed to the cold air.20.be far from 离…很远，根本不是But far from being random, molt is controlled by strong evolutionary forces that haveestablished an optimal time and duration.21. be hostile to 极不友好的，极厌恶的Ocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans22.be regarded as 被认为是Humanity's primal efforts to systematize the concepts of size, shapes, and number areusually regarded as the earliest mathematics.23.be related to 与…有关的，相联系的Why is dancing closely related to popular music in the United States?24. be responsible for 对…负责In fact, nuclear reactions that convert hydrogen to helium are responsible for most of theenergy that stars produce.25. be sensitive to 对…敏感的Ants can be extremely sensitive to these signals.26.be subjected to 经历，遭受Oil is formed when organic material trapped in sediments is slowly buried and subjected toincreased temperatures and pressures, transforming it into petroleum.27. be superior to 优越于Natural vitamins are superior to synthetic ones28 .be traced to 找出根源The ancestry of the piano can be traced to the early keyboard instruments of the fifteenthand sixteenth centuries.29. be/become aware of 意识到，认识到People became aware of the new service by word of mouth or newspaper advertisements.30. be/become/get accustomed to 习惯于In the harsh environment of northern Europe, Scandinavian women had beenaccustomed to practicing forms of shifting cultivation, and they immediately understoodNative American horticulture.31. be/become/get involved in 与…有关联的Two distinct processes are involved in molting.32.benefit from 从…中受益Students benefit from schools, which require long hours and homework.33.break down 分解All of these forces slowly break down the Earth's exposed rocky crust into smaller andsmaller pieces that eventually become clay.34.by far 到目前为止Marine sediment is by far the most important environment for the preservation offossils.35.by means of 通过，凭借The topic of the passage is developed primarily by means of Adividing the discussion intotwo major areas.36.by virtue of 由于Many are uninhabitable, by virtue of their small size and particular characteristics37.confine to 限制在一定范围之内The delivery service was at first confined to cities.38.conform to 符合Parks should be designed to conform to the topography of the area39.contribute to 有贡献，有助于Transportation contributed to the development and maintenance of trade.40.cope with 对付Under certain circumstance the human body must cope with gases at greater-than-normal atmospheric pressure.41.date back to 始于In the United States, rent controls date back to at least World War II.42. depend on 依靠The gulls depend on the falcons for protection.43. deprive sb/sth of sth 剥夺..某事物Plant stems die when deprived of water.44.derive from 获得，起源于Babies obviously derive pleasure from sound input.45.due to 由于，因为Due to their dense structure, iron meteorites have the best chance of surviving an impact,and most are found by farmers plowing their fields.46. evolve from/out of 从...进化来，从…发展来The one most widely accepted today is based on the assumption that drama evolved fromritual.47.extract from 提取It turns out that some fossils can be extracted from these sediments by putting the rocksin an acid bath.48.feed on 以…为食物Predators are animals that capture and feed on other animals.49.focus on 集中(注意力)于They focus on the meaning of their parents' words.50. get rid of 处理掉Atoms or molecules get rid of excess energy by themselves, without any outsideintervention.51.give access to 向…开放To connect the pueblos and to give access to the surrounding tableland, the architectslaidout a system of public roads with stone staircases for ascending cliff faces.52.give birth to 使诞生，引起Most insects lay eggs, but some give birth to live young.53.give off 发散，发出If Jupiter were larger, it would give off much less heat.54.give rise to 引起，导致The musical Renaissance was too short to give rise to a new musical style.55.go beyond 超过，越过An interviewer can go beyond written questions and probe for a subject's underlyingfeelings and reasons.56.go out of business 停业，关门The shop went out of business.57.have nothing to do with 与…无关A species’ survival may have nothing to do with its ability or inability to adapt.58.impart to 传授给They functioned as sanctuaries where the elders impart tribal lore to the youngergeneration.59.impose on 强加于New regulations were imposed on nontraditional education.60.in common 共同No two comets ever look identical, but they have basic features in common.61.in favor of 赞同，支持The artist was in favor of a traditional style of painting.62.in quantity 大量，大批There were also a number of poor-quality figurines and painted pots produced in quantityby easy, inexpensive means.63.in season 当季Before the mid-nineteenth century, people in the United States ate most foods only inseason.64.in spite of 尽管，任凭In spite of problems with their condition, restoration, and preservation many panelpaintings have survived.65.in the absence of 在缺乏…的情况下The concentrations at which the adverse effects appear will be greater than theconcentrations that the pollutants would have in the absence of human activities.66.in view of 由于In view of the rate at which the radio sources emit energy, they should disappear in a fewmillion years.67.instead of 代替Instead of working with light, however, he worked with microwaves.68.invest in 投资He started to invest in the town’s cultural development.69.lead to 导致，引起In fact, there is wide agreement that it is the rate of change humans are inflicting, evenmore than the changes themselves that will lead to biological devastation.70.leave out 排除Explanations of animal behavior that leave out any sort of consciousness at all andascribe actions entirely to instinct leave many questions unanswered.71.off the mark 不正确This analogy is not far off the mark.72.on behalf of 代表Satire serves to prod people into an awareness of truth though rarely to any action onbehalf of truth.73. on the basis of 在…的基础上Antoine Lavisher, on the basis of careful experimentation, was led to propose a differenttheory of burning74.owing to 由于，因为Marine sediment is by far the most important environment for the preservation offossils, owing to the incredible richness of marine life.75.perceive sth as sth 认为Although art deco in its many forms was largely perceived as thoroughly modern, it wasstrongly influenced by the decorative arts movements that immediately preceded it.76.pick up 学会Adults make it as easy as they can for babies to pick up a language by exaggerating suchcues.77.put off 推迟Some tasks could not be done in the winter, other had to be put off during harvest time.78.regardless of 不顾Ultimately, literature is aesthetically valued, regardless of language, culture, or mode ofpresentation.79.result from 因..而产生Most functions result from the needs of the local area and of the surrounding.80.result in 结果，导致The upward movement of fieldstones should result in pure soil.81.set about 开始，动手African American artists of this period set about creating a new portrayal of themselvesand their lives in the United States.82. set aside 留下将来用Certain parts of town were restricted to residential use, while others were set aside forindustrial or commercial development.83.so far 到目前为止The Paris Exhibition of 1889 included both the widest span and the greatest heightachieved so far.84.sort out 把…分类Clay particles are sorted out by size and weight.85.spring up 涌现In the early colonial day in North America, small cities sprang up along the Atlantic Coastline.86.stem from 起源于It can be argued that much of New York City’s importance stems from its early andcontinuing advantage of situation.87.stretch out 伸展，伸出The residues from these explosions left huge black marks on the face of Jupiter, some ofwhich have stretched out to form dark ribbons.88.strive for 为…而奋斗As they began to strive for social and cultural independence，their attitudes towardthemselves changed.89.take account of sth./take sth into account 考虑到Artists are recognizing the distinction between public and private spaces, and taking thatinto account when executing their public commissions.90.take advantage of 利用Many families could take advantage of previously unavailable fruits, vegetables, and dairyproducts to achieve more varied fare.91.thanks to 由于kiwis smell out earthworms thanks to nostrils located at the tip of their beaks.92.to some extent 某种程度上Their attitudes toward themselves changed, and, to some extent, other segments ofAmerican society began to change their attitudes toward them.93.turn out 结果是，证明是Some potash was exported from Maine and New Hampshire in the seventeenth century, butthe market turned out to be mainly domestic.her in 宣告…的来临Autumn could be ushered in by severe frost.95. wear away 磨损Natural forces wear away the Earth's crust96.wipe out 消灭，肃清Entire crops can be wiped out by fungal attacks both before and after harvesting.97.with respect to 在…方面The year 1850 may be considered the beginning of a new epoch in America art, with respectto the development of watercolor painting.98. with the advent of 随着…的出现With the advent of high-resolution radio interferometers during the late 1970's, part ofthe answer became clear.99.with the aid of 借助于It is now taught with the aid of computers.100.with the exception of 除..以外With the exception of printing patterns directly onto the cloth, whether by block, roller, orscreen, all of these are based on dyeing; that is, the immersion of the fabric in a dye bath.以上100个托福阅读必备的100个词组大家在备考的时候多花些时间进行复习，不仅对于托福阅读有帮助，对于写作也是有帮助。

英语考试常用介词短语

英语考试常用介词短语
英语里友谊类词语要特别注意——介词。

下面店铺为大家整理了相关的英语考试常用介词短语，希望能帮到大家。

第一组
by accident 偶然
on account of 因为，由于
in addition 另外
in addition to 除…… 之外
in the air 在流行中，在传播中
on (the/an) average 平均，一般来说
on the basis of 根据，在…… 的基础上
at (the) best 充其量，至多
for the better 好转，改善
on board 在船 ( 车、飞机 ) 上
out of breath 喘不过气来
on business 因公，因事
in any case 无论如何，总之
in case of 假使，万一
in case 假如，以防 ( 万一 ) 免得
in no case 决不
第二组
by chance 偶然，碰巧
in charge (of) 负责，主管
(a) round the clock 昼夜不停地
in common 共用，共有，共同
in conclusion 最后，总之
on condition that 在…… 条件下
in confidence 信任
in connection with/to 关于
in consequence 因此，结果。

托福考试阅读常考词组及短语(1)汇总

托福考试阅读常考词组及短语（1）1． a couple of 两三个，几个Although he thought of the key idea in 1951， the first maser was not completed until a couple of years later．2． account for 解释Variations of clay composition and the temperatures at which they are fired account for the differences in texture and appearance．3． adapt to 使适应于They have been able to adapt to ecological changes．4， adorn with sth 用…装饰Some pots were adorned with incised or stamped decorations．5．appeal to 吸引Publishing literature consisting of exciting stories that would appeal to both children and adults6．apply to 适用于Ethological theory began to be applied to research on children in the 1960’s．7．at best 充其量，最多Hunting is at best a precarious way of procuring food， even when the diet is supplemented with seeds and fruits．8．at intervals 相隔一定距离However， at intervals of 10 to 100 years， these glaciers move forward up to 100 times faster than usual．9．at the expense of sth 在损害…的情况下A multitude of microorganisms make their livings directly at the expense of other creatures．10．at the height of sth 在…最鼎盛时期The violin had reached the height of its popularity by the middle of the eighteenth century．11．back and forth 来回地They then spiral back and forth between the Earth’s magnetic poles very rapidly．12．be absent from 缺席，不在Lacking the right to vote and absent from the seats of power，women line were not considered an important force in history．13．be capable of 能…的Many animals are capable of using objects in the natural environment as rudimentary tools．14． be characterized by 以…为特征The nervous system of vertebrates is characterized by a hollow，dorsal nerve cord that ends in the head region as an enlargement，the brain．15．be composed of 由…组成Ocean life is primarily composed of plants．16．be concerned with 与某事物有关Ethnology is concerned with the study of adaptive， or survival，value of behavior and its Evolutionary history．17．be distinct from 与…不同Jupiter and the other giant planets are of a low－density type quite distinct from the terrestrial planets18．be essential to 对…不可缺少Public performance is essential to verbal art．19．be exposed to 使接触，使遭受Body contact reduces the surface area exposed to the cold air．20．be far from 离…很远，根本不是But far from being random， molt is controlled by strong evolutionary forces that have established an optimal time and duration．21． be hostile to 极不友好的，极厌恶的Ocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans22．be regarded as 被认为是Humanity’s primal efforts to systematize the concepts of size，shapes， and number are usually regarded as the earliest mathematics．23．be related to 与…有关的，相联系的Why is dancing closely related to popular music in the United States?24． be responsible for 对…负责In fact， nuclear reactions that convert hydrogen to helium are responsible for most of the energy that stars produce．25． be sensitive to 对…敏感的Ants can be extremely sensitive to these signals．26．be subjected to 经历，遭受Oil is formed when organic material trapped in sediments is slowly buried and subjected to increased temperatures and pressures，transforming it into petroleum．27． be superior to 优越于Natural vitamins are superior to synthetic ones28 ．be traced to 找出根源The ancestry of the piano can be traced to the early keyboard instruments of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries．29． be/become aware of 意识到，认识到People became aware of the new service by word of mouth or newspaper advertisements．30． be/become/get accustomed to 习惯于In the harsh environment of northern Europe， Scandinavian women had been accustomed to practicing forms of shifting cultivation， and they immediately understood Native American horticulture．31． be/become/get involved in 与…有关联的Two distinct processes are involved in molting．32．benefit from 从…中受益Students benefit from schools， which require long hours and homework．33．break down 分解All of these forces slowly break down the Earth’s exposed rocky crust into smaller and smaller pieces that eventually become clay．34．by far 到目前为止Marine sediment is by far the most important environment for the preservation of fossils．35．by means of 通过，凭借The topic of the passage is developed primarily by means of Adividing the discussion into two major areas．36．by virtue of 由于Many are uninhabitable， by virtue of their small size and particular characteristics37．confine to 限制在一定范围之内The delivery service was at first confined to cities．38．conform to 符合Parks should be designed to conform to the topography of the area39．contribute to 有贡献，有助于Transportation contributed to the development and maintenance of trade．40．cope with 对付Under certain circumstance the human body must cope with gases at greater－than－normal atmospheric pressure．41．date back to 始于In the United States， rent controls date back to at least World War II．42． depend on 依靠The gulls depend on the falcons for protection．43． deprive sb/sth of sth 剥夺．．某事物Plant stems die when deprived of water．44．derive from 获得，起源于Babies obviously derive pleasure from sound input．45．due to 由于，因为Due to their dense structure， iron meteorites have the best chance of surviving an impact， and most are found by farmers plowing their fields．46． evolve from/out of 从．．．进化来，从…发展来The one most widely accepted today is based on the assumptionthat drama evolved from ritual．47．extract from 提取It turns out that some fossils can be extracted from these sediments by putting the rocks in an acid bath．48．feed on 以…为食物Predators are animals that capture and feed on other animals．49．focus on 集中（注意力）于They focus on the meaning of their parents’ words．50． get rid of 处理掉Atoms or molecules get rid of excess energy by themselves，without any outside intervention．。

中考【英语】高频介词短语汇总

中考【英语】高频介词短语汇总介词短语，是以介词开头的短语，在英语阅读和考试中随处可以遇到，学好介词短语不仅可以更好的应对考试，而且对我们阅读英语文章和英语写作都有非常大的作用。

at 短语at last 最后，终于arrive at 到达……(小地方)point at/to 指向laugh at 嘲笑knock at/on 敲……at the moment 现在，此时at times 不时be angry at sth. 对某事生气look at 看，注视after 短语look after 照看，照顾run after 追赶；追求name after 以……的名字命名on 短语call on 拜访，看望hang on 稍等，别挂断on display 在展出keep on 继续come on 快点儿；加油live on 以……为食，靠……生活agree on (通过协商)达成共识on holiday 度假，休假put on 穿上；戴上turn on 打开，旋开（收音机、电灯、煤气等）work on 从事于，致力于play a joke on 和……开玩笑，戏弄……to 短语get to 到达go to bed 上床睡觉do harm to 对……有害处compare...to... 把……与……作比较pay attention to 注意from...to... 从……到……write to... 写信给……lead to 通往；导致take...to... 把……带到/给……to one’ssurprise 使某人吃惊的是agree to 同意，答应，接受（计划、建议、条件、安排等）in 短语drop in 顺便拜访arrive in 到达……（大地方）hand in 交上，上交in a moment 马上，立即in danger 在危险中join in 参加take pride in 以……为荣in surprise 吃惊地，惊讶地take part in 参加of 短语instead of 代替；而不是take care of 照顾；处理hear of 听说……be afraid of 害怕speak of 谈到，提起think of考虑；想出；认为make fun of 嘲笑……about 短语think about 考虑care about 担心；关心be worried about 担心for 短语leave for... 前往……，去……care for 关怀，照顾fight for 为……而战except for 除了……之外look for 寻找call for 需要，要求；提倡，号召send for 派人去请for a moment 一会儿pay for sth. 为……付款away 短语take away 拿走，带走put away 收好，放好throw away 扔掉give away 分发；赠送out 短语go out 出去give out 分发out of breath 上气不接下气run out 用完find out 发现point out 指出sell out 卖完send out 发出make out 理解，明白take out 取出，拿出set out 动身，出发；开始，着手work out 算出；解决turn out 证明是，结果是break out （火灾、战争等)突然发生，爆发with 短语keep up with 赶上be angry with sb. 生某人的气deal with 处理；对待catch up with 赶上,追上come up with 提出，想出be filled with 充满......agree with sb. 同意某人make friends with sb. 与某人交朋友help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事be covered with 被……覆盖get along/on (well) with sb. 与某人相处（融洽）over 短语look over 检查go over 复习，温习；检查fall over 跌倒think over 仔细考虑come over 顺便来访turn over 把……翻过来；移交，转交down 短语get down 下来pull down 拆毁cut down 砍倒；削减，压缩go down 下落，下降take down 记下，拆卸put down 放下；写下write down 写下，记下set down 放下；记下break down 损坏；中断turn down 关小，调低shut down 把……关上，关闭from 短语learn from... 向......学习break away from... 脱离...... tell...from... 区分/辨别......和.....be different from... 与......不同hear from... 收到......的来信across from... 在......的对面up 短语fill up 填满，装满call up 打电话；想起grow up 长大（成人）cheer up 使……振奋look up 查阅，查找；向上看fix up 修理：安装go up 上升，上涨bring up 提出，呕吐，养育，教育pick up (sb.) 拾起；搭载/接载（某人）hurry up 赶快，赶紧set up 创立，建立put up 举起，挂起：张贴：搭建stay up 不睡，熬夜save up 存钱，积蓄show up 出席，露面think up 想出shut up 住嘴sit up 坐起来tidy up 整理speak up 大声说turn up 开大，调大（音量）make up one’s mind 决定，决心off 短语put off 推迟fset off 出发，启程get off 下车take off 脱下give off 发出（光、热、气味等）hurry off 匆匆离去show off 显示；夸耀see sb. off 为某人送行all off 从……跌落turn off 关掉(收音机、电灯、煤气等)重叠式短语from door to door 挨家挨户day after day 日复一日arm in arm 臂挽着臂less and less 越来越少bit by bit 一点一点地，逐渐地face to face 面对面again and again 再三地，反复地all day and all night 整日整夜here and there 到处，处处step by step 逐步from house to house 挨家挨户one by one 一个接一个地neck and neck 并驾齐驱，不分上下side by side 肩并肩；一个接一个。

托福语法指导整合

托福语法指导整合词性混淆误用始终是TOEEL考题中最重要的命题形式，我整理了关于真题要点解析的语法指导，下面我就和大家共享，来观赏一下吧。

托福语法指导-词性变化及真题要点解析词性混淆常考题型及解题要点来源：考试大1. 并列连词and but or结构要求词性统一来源：考试大全真例题分析来源：考试大(1) Bigness. Boastful. And strong. Frontiersman Mike Fink was the subject of many folk tales. (93.3)[答案] A 并列连词and连接三个形容词，故(A)Bigness应改为Big。

(2) The success of a naval ship is determined by its seaworthiness, speedy ,and maneuverability. (92.10)[答案] D 并列连词and连接三个名词，而speed是形容词，故应改为speed。

(3) Regulation of public utilities in the United States is carried out by locally state and federal governments. (92.5)[答案] D 并列连词and连接三个形容词性质的词，共同修饰后面的中心词governnenrfs 。

而locally是副词，应改为local。

来源：考试大(4) In Middle Ages. Books called bestiaries were prepared in an attempt to describe animals, real or imagine, that exemplified human traits. (92.5)[答案] B 并列连词or前面是形容词real。

之后亦应是形容词imaginary。

托福考试阅读核心词组、短语整理(一)

托福考试阅读核心词组、短语整理（一） 1. a couple of 两三个，几个 Although he thought of the key idea in 1951， the first maser was not completed until a couple of years later.

2. account for 解释 Variations of clay composition and the temperatures at which they are fired account for the differences in texture and appearance.

3. adapt to 使适应于 They have been able to adapt to ecological changes. 4， adorn with sth 用…装饰 Some pots were adorned with incised or stamped decorations. 5.appeal to 吸引 Publishing literature consisting of exciting stories that would appeal to both children and adults

6.apply to 适用于 Ethological theory began to be applied to research on children in the 1960’s.

7.at best 充其量，最多 Hunting is at best a precarious way of procuring food， even when the diet is supplemented with seeds and fruits.

8.at intervals 相隔一定距离 However， at intervals of 10 to 100 years， these glaciers move forward up to 100 times faster than usual.