2015年上海各区高三英语一模分类汇编：翻译及答案
上海市各区2014--2015学年高三英语一模题型汇编--完形填空(可编辑修改word版)
2014-2015 学年高三英语一模汇编 --- 完形填空III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases markedA,B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The most exciting kind of education is also the most personal. Nothing is beyond the joy of discovering for yourself something that is a big 51 to you! It may be an idea or a bit of information you come across accidentally or a sudden understanding, fitting together pieces of information or working through a problem. Such personal 52 are the "payoff" in education.A teacher may direct you to learning and even 53 you in it-but no teacher can make the excitement or the joy happen. That is 54 you.A research paper, assigned in a course and perhaps checked at 55 stages by an instructor, leads you beyond classrooms, beyond the texts for classes and into a 56 where the joy of discovery and learning can come to you many times. Preparing the research paper is an active and individual process, and 57 learning process. It provides a structure within which you can make exciting discoveries, of knowledge and of self, which are basic to education. The research paper also gives you a chance to individualize a school assignment, to 58 a piece of work to your own interests and abilities, to show others what you can do. Writing a research paper is 59 just a classroom exercise. It is an experience in searching out, understanding and synthesizing ( 综合), which forms the 60 of many skills applicable to both academic and nonacademic tasks. It is, in the fullest sense, a discovery, an education. So, to produce a good research paper is both a useful and a 61 satisfying experience!To some, the thought of having to write an 62 number of pages, often more than ever produced before, is disturbing. To others, the very idea of having to work independently is63 . But there is no need to approach paper assignment with 64 , and nobody should view the research paper as an obstacle to overcome. 65 , consider it a goal to accomplish, a goal within reach if you find great pleasure in it.51.A. mistake B. deal C. plan D. challenge52.A. behaviours B. opportunities C. encounters D. entertainments53.A. encourage B. assess C. emphasize D. affect54. A. familiar to B. suitable for C. considerate of D. dependent on55. A. similar B. unbelievable C. flexible D. various56. A. outcome B. process C. achievement D. position57. A. ideal B. complicated C. competitive D. causal58. A. devote B. lead C. suit D. adopt59. A. no more than B. less than C. none other than D. more than60. A. evidence B. basis C. impression D. experience61. A. hardly B. skillfully C. thoroughly D. vividly62. A. assigned B. limited C. established D. fixed63.A. inspiring B. rewarding C. frightening D. threatening64.A. anxiety B. interest C. excitement D. embarrassment65.A. Furthermore B. Instead C. However D. Therefore51-65. DCADD BACDB CADABIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases markedA,B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Digital fingerprinting, fluctuations（波动）in the dollar exchange rate, and a mass of online information are some of the ways making travel to the United Nations in 2010 a different51 for international visitors than it was earlier in the 21st century.These 52 are evident before the visitor leaves his or her country.In 2004, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security(DHS)——a department of the federal government established by laws and regulations in late 2002, after the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks——established a new series of security 53 for the international visitors holding non-U.S. passports or visas.54 when these visitors apply for a visa, the officer 55 them reviews their application and supporting papers and collects both digital fingerprints and a digital photograph.Recently, the waiting time for these interviews has been significantly 56 . According to Geoff Freeman, a senior vice president of public affairs of U.S. Travel, the trade organization for the U.S. travel industry, many prospective visa applicants now wait fewer than 30 days for an interview, 57 more than 100 days in the past.The Visa Waiter Program(VWP)—which 58 citizens from countries that meet various security and other requirements from obtaining a visa for visits to the United States of 90 days or fewer for business or pleasure— 59 36 countries such as Australia, Austria, Belgium and so on.A traveler from a country 60 in the VWP must obtain an Electronic System for Travel Authorization(ESTA), an online travel authorization, established by DHS. ESTA determines, before the traveler boards a flight, whether the traveler is 61 to travel to the United States under the VWP and whether such travel poses any law implementation or security risks.When an international traveler arrives in the United States, he or she must subject one of the two 62 to the U.S. Customs and Boarder Protection(CBP)officer: either a white Form I-94, if the traveler has a visa, or a green Form I-94W, if the traveler is a VWP participant. The CBP officer asks the traveler questions about his or her stay, scans the traveler’s fingerprints, and takes a digital photograph. 63 , VWP travelers, who are not required to obtain a visa, will soon need to pay a fee. The travelers keeps a portion of the I-94 or I-94W form after the CBP 64 and returns it to CBP upon departure from the United States.In 2007 Congress authorized the consumption of $40 million on a “Model Ports of Entry” program, designed to improve the 65 procedures of foreign travelers at the 20 U.S. airports with the highest number of international visitors. The program aims to improve staffing, queuemanagement, signage, and infrastructure at the top 20 U.S. international airports and to hire atleast 200 new CBP officers.51. A. experiment B. examination C. experience D. excursion52. A. changes B. fluctuations C. fingerprints D. communications53. A. explanations B. registrations C. applications D. procedures54. A. Surprisingly B. Specifically C. Hopefully D. Occasionally55. A. inspecting B. instructing C. interviewing D. investigating56. A. reduced B. resolved C. reviewed D. released57. A. owing to B. compared to C. according to D. added up to58. A. protects B. stimulates C. promises D. relieves59. A. leads to B. applies to C. depends on D. makes up60. A. persevering B. previewing C. participating D. promoting61. A. accessible B. acceptable C. available D. adaptable62. A. participants B. decisions C. documents D. photographs63. A. For instance B. As a result C. In addition D. On the contrary64. A. check B. project C. design D. proposal65. A. queue B. program C. arrival D. departure51-65 CADBC ABDBC BCCACIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases markedA,B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Leadership is a word getting a lot of attention these days. It appears in the title of new advice, how-to, and business books with amazing 51 . Definitions vary, but most of the ones I’ve seen don’t help much. It’s a totally 52 subject: You think A is a great leader; I like B’s53 better. That is, you may not be able to 54 it, but you know it when you see it.So this is my take on the elusive (难以捉摸的) concept:Years ago, leadership had 55 to do with a specific ability. “Leader” was the 56 given to the emperor of the organization. The person was the commander, the 57 with complete control. But 58 there is another way to establish yourself as a leader.Here is my definition: Leadership is the ability to get others to do what you want, need, or expect them to do, and feel good about doing it. It is the 59 part (feeling good about doing it) that is so elusive.If I am in charge, I can certainly demand you do what I expect you to do and insist you get it done. I can give orders. 60 , I am the boss, and everyone knows what that means. It is a sure way to destroy the atmosphere of the 61 .Today, I believe that approach is on the way 62 , although it will always be with us. When people hate the boss, sure, the boss is c alled “leader”—but not a good one, because the followers are an unhappy bunch. If they had another, 63 job to go to, they would be gonein a minute.Here is a list of the qualities I believe it 64 to be a good leader: 1. Likable; 2. Trustworthy; 3. Competent and experienced; 4. Part of the team; 5. Able and willing to participate; 6. Ready to 65 ; 7. Adaptable to change; 8. Eager to share credit.51.A. activity B. regularity C. reality D. sensitivity52.A. wrong B. unnecessary C. objective D. subjective53.A. system B. style C. sample D. speech54.A. define B. understand C. analyze D. summarize55.A. a lot B. something C. nothing D. everything56.A. rank B. type C. title D. honor57.A. authority B. candidate C. specialist D. assistant58.A. reasonably B. hopefully C. sadly D. fortunately59.A. first B. second C. former D. whole60.A. Above all B. After all C. For instance D. On the contrary61.A. friendship B. school C. company D. workplace62.A. over B. in C. along D. out63.A. money-saving B. highly-demanding C. decent-paying D. far-reaching64.A. endures B. takes C. minds D. describes65.A. please B. change C. listen D. follow51-65 BDBAC CADBB DDCBCIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases markedA,B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Radio began as a point-to-point communication device. In 1919, Radio Corporation of American would charge a fee if you sent a message from one radio to another. Either the senders or the recipients pay the fee. The purpose was basically to undercut the telegraph, and they made their money 51 , not by providing radio as a 52 but by selling hardware.In about 1922, radio 53 into a broadcast mechanism. For broadcasting, in the simple sense, there was a 54 and it broadcast, and lots of people could hear it. But broadcasting was seen as a way to drive business to the radio hardware makers. The stations were 55 by people who made radios or 56 , by churches and universities that wanted to get their57 out but weren’t going to make money.And there was a lot of stuff which sounds very 58 today about how this medium was going to 59 . And in the 20s, Radio Broadcast Magazine 60 a $500 prize for the best essay that answered the question: “Who is going to pay for broadcasting, and how?” The winner suggested a 61 on radio listeners. Now, it sounds a little strange to us, but that’s actually the British model. The BBC supports itself by a tax on TV and radio sets.There was some discussion about 62 , and Herbert Hoover, the Secretary of Commerce then, was strongly against this idea. He said it was 63 that we should allow so great a possibility for service 64 by advertising chatter. The Commerce Department was 65 radio at the time. After the creation of national radio networks then the pressure – advertisers wanted to go on with it, people who owned the radio network wanted to sell ads, and that’s how radio developed as an advertising medium.51. A. briefly B. naturally C. basically D. eventually52. A. listener B. service C. broadcaster D. applicant53. A. developed B. extended C. made D. drove54. A. magazine B. platform C. stop D. station55. A. wanted B. made C. sponsored D. sold56. A. in some cases B. in return C. on the contrary D. on the whole57. A. way B. message C. profit D. opinion58. A. critical B. persuasive C. familiar D. great59. A. communicate B. broadcast C. emerge D. survive60. A. offered B. won C. missed D. abandoned61. A. reward B. tax C. fine D. rent62. A. broadcasting B. advertising C. chattering D. modeling63. A. essential B. inconvenient C. difficult D. unbelievable64. A. sent B. created C. drowned D. suggested65. A. regulating B. producing C. providing D. developing51-65 CBADC ABCDA BBDCAIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases markedA,B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The next great land area that man hopes to control is the moon. In size it is nearly 51 to the area of North and South America. However, it presents a hostile (不友好的) environment. Temperatures 52 +120 to -150 degrees Centigrade ( 摄氏). There is no air, and no water.Today there are 53 scientific speculation ( 思索) about living on the moon. When man will begin life on the moon surface is still not 54 . But experts believe that settlement will take place in three steps. First, there will be increasing periods of exploration with temporary55 . These periods will be followed by longer stays with housing under the surface of the moon and systems necessary to 56 life brought by the colonizers themselves. Finally, colonies that are ecologically and 57 self-supporting will be established.The principal job of the early settlers will be to stay 58 . They will have to bulid shelters to 59 an atmosphere like that of earth. They will have to plant crops under huge domes to produce food and 60 and find water sources. After this is done, the settlers will have time to explore the possibilities of commercial development and to make discoveriesimportant to science.The characteristics of the moon that make it bad for human staying alive may make it61 for certain kinds of manufacturing. Operations that require a vacuum or extreme cold, are an 62 . Precision ball bearing, industrial diamonds, or certain medicines might be produced on the moon.The most immediate interest in the moon, however, is a scientific one. Geologists can explore the history and composition of the 63 . Meteorologists will have opportunities to forecast weather on earth. Cosmologists can study the origin of the solar system. Astronomers(天文学家) can use their optical telescopes and radio telescopes 64 of atmospheric and man-made distortions. And perhaps at some distant date the moon can serve as a base from which space explorers can travel to other planets in the earth’s s olar system and to worlds 65 .51.A. superior B. essential C. equal D. fertile52.A. range B. restore C. sort D. rise53.A. sociable B. inevitable C. mysterious D. considerable54.A. determined B. occupied C. initiated D. resembled55.A. monuments B. shelters C. rockets D. houses56.A. sacrifice B. support C. spare D. risk57.A. economically B. sociably C. imaginarily D. enthusiastically58.A. active B. attractive C. alive D. ambitious59.A. mention B. motivate C. maintain D. monitor60.A. mineral B. oxygen C. protein D. medicine61.A. ideal B. complicated C. difficult D. expensive62.A. explanation B. excursion C. executive D. example63.A. earth B. star C. satellite D. planet64.A. full B. conscious C. lack D. free65.A. beyond B. highly C. else D. ahead51-65 CADAB BACCB ADCDAIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases markedA,B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Music produces profound and lasting changes in the brain. Schools should add music classes, not cut them. Nearly 20 years ago, a small study advanced the 51 that listening to Mozart’s Sonata(奏鸣曲) could boost mental functioning. It was not long 52 trademarked “Mozart effect” products began to appeal to anxious parents aiming to put toddlers (刚学步的孩子) on the fast track to prestigious universities like Harvard and Yale. Georgia’s governor even53giving every newborn there a classical CD or cassette.The 54 for Mozart therapy turned out to be weak, perhaps nonexistent, although the55 study never claimed anything more than a temporary and limited effect. In recent years,56 , scientists have examined the benefits of a continuous effort to study and practice music,in contrast to playing a Mozart CD or a computer-based“brain fitness” game 57 in a while.Advanced monitoring 58 have enabled scientists to see what happens inside your head when you listen to your mother and actually practice the violin for an hour every afternoon. And they have found that music 59 can produce profound and lasting changes that 60 the general ability to learn. These results should 61 public officials that music classes are not a mere decoration, ready for being given up in the budget crises that constantly troubles public schools.Studies have shown that 62 instrument training from an early age can help the brain to63 sounds better, making it 64 to stay focused when absorbing other subjects, from literature to mathematics. The musically experienced are better able to 65 a biology lesson despite the noise in the classroom or, a few years later, to finish a call with a client when a colleague in the next office starts screaming a subordinate(下属). They can be engaged in several things at once, which is an essential skill in this era of multitasking.51. A. notice B. note C. idea D. impression52. A. that B. until C. since D. before53. A. proposed B. pushed C. submitted D. subjected54. A. witness B. evidence C. symptom D. context55. A. recent B. advanced C. original D. latest56. A. however B. moreover C. then D. therefore57. A. quite B. once C. often D. much58. A. management B. techniques C. information D. mechanics59. A. subjects B. models C. causes D. lessons60. A. enhance B. introduce C. ensure D. instruct61. A. convey B. convince C. communication D. conclude62. A. urgent B. casual C. diligent D. occasional63. A. proceed B. process C. prefer D. predict64. A. easier B. harder C. tougher D. faster65. A. count on B. concentrate on C. insist on D. depend on51-65CDABC ABBDA BCBABIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases markedA,B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.It is one of the most terrifying moments for any urban cyclists: the first time a huge, high-sided construction truck lumbers alongside, the driver 51 within their high cab （驾驶室）. Now a leading cycling group hopes it has 52 with a solution -- the cyclist-friendly lorry.The draft design, to be unveiled （揭幕）on Wednesday by the London Cycling Campaign, reduces the overall height of the lorry, 53 the driving position, and greatly 54 the side windows of the cab, stretching them as close to road level as possible. 55 drivers of the traditional lorry have to rely on 56 and sensors to spot cyclists or pedestrians close to the front offside of the vehicle, if they can detect them at all, the new design all but 57 this blind spot.It is undoubtedly a big 58 , especially in London, where lorries form about 5% of vehicle traffic 59 are responsible for about half of all cyclist deaths, with a large 60 of these involving construction lorries, often turning left into a cyclist. In 2011, of the 16 cyclist deaths in London, nine involved lorries, of which seven were construction vehicles.If elements of the London Cycling Campaign's design look familiar that is 61 they are already in use – many 62 rubbish lorries already feature low-silled glass doors, allowing the drivers to look out for both staff 63 bins and other pedestrians. This demonstrated how construction companies could change if they wanted to.A study 64 last month by Transport for London said construction trucks were disproportionately （ 不成比率地） involved in cyclist accidents and recommended 65 such as giving drivers delivering goods to building sites more realistic time slots to avoid them being tempted into recklessness.51. A. inaccessible 52. A. break away 53. A. totally 54. A. strengthens B. inconvenient B. put down B. especially B. extends C. invisible C. come up C. generally C. increase D. inexact D. get along D. probably D. improves 55. A. While B. Since C. However D. Before 56. A. windows B. drawers C. carriages D. mirrors 57. A. calculates B. disapproves C. implements D. eliminates 58. A. solution B. method C. issue D. highlight 59. A. so B. orC. butD. and 60. A. deal B. number C. amount D. burden 61. A. because B. until C. unless D. whether 62. A. realistic B. domestic C. academic D. traffic 63. A. participating B. associating C. assembling D. collecting 64. A. released B. reflected C. motivated D. hunted 65. A. differencesB. problemsC. factorsD. measures51-65. CCBBA DDCCB ABDADIII. Reading Comprehension Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Surprising new research suggests it can actually be good to feel bad at work, and that feeling good in the workplace can lead to negative outcomes.The study of emotions in the workplace, edited by University of Liverpool researchers Drs. Dirk Lindebaum and Peter Jordan, is the 51 of a Special Issue of the journal Human Relations.They found that the 52 held assumption that positivity in the workplace produces positive outcomes, while negative emotions lead to negative outcomes, may be in need for53 . This is partly due to this assumption 54 to take into account the differences in work contexts which affect outcomes.For instance, anger does not always lead to negative outcomes and can be used as a force for good through acting upon injustices. In some 55 , anger can be considered a force for good if motivated by perceived violations(违背) of moral standards. An employee, for example, could express anger constructively after a manager has treated a fellow worker 56 . In such cases, anger can be useful to 57 these acts of injustice repeating themselves in the future.Likewise, being too positive in the workplace, 58 resulting in greater well-being and greater productivity, can lead to self-satisfaction and superficiality(肤浅).One article within the issue also finds that, within team situations, negativity can have a good effect, leading to less 59 and therefore greater discussion among workers which 60 team effectiveness.An interesting contradiction(矛盾) is identified in another study of the special issue. Here, people gain 61 from doing “good” in the context of helplines by providing support to people in times of emotional distress. 62 , they are negatively affected by their line of work due to people trying to avoid them in social situations.Lindebaum said, “The findings of the studies published in this Special Issue63 the widely held assumption that in the workplace positive emotions 64 a positive outcome, and vice verse. This Special Issue adds to our knowledge and understanding of how the positive and negative emotions affect the 65 environment and has practical application and relevance in the workplace.”51.A. application B. topic C. cause D. objective52.A. basically B. logically C. commonly D. blindly53.A. reconsideration B. recommendation C. recognition D. reassurance54.A. stopping B. failing C. tending D. managing55.A. aspects B. companies C. cultures D. cases56.A. gently B. strangely C. irregularly D. unfairly57.A. prevent B. keep C. find D. have58.A. in spite of B. apart from C. instead of D. owing to59.A. agreement B. thinking C. production D. initiative60.A. determines B. enhances C. reduces D. influences61.A. independence B. knowledge C. satisfaction D. strength62.A. Moreover B. Therefore C. Otherwise D. However63.A. support B. challenge C. include D. confirm64.A. contribute to B. result from C. fit in with D. get over65.A. social B. surviving C. natural D. working51-65 BCABD DACAB CDBADIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases markedA,B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.When you say that someone has a good memory, what exactly do you mean? Are you saying that the person has fast recall or that he or she 51 information quickly? Or maybe you just mean that the person remembers a lot about her or his childhood. The truth is that it is 52 to say exactly what memory is. Even scientists who have been studying memory for decades say they are still trying to 53 exactly what it is. We do know that a particular memory is not just one thing stored somewhere in the brain. 54 , a memory is made up of bits and pieces of information stored all over the brain. Perhaps the best way to 55 memory is to say that itis a process—a process of recording, storing, and getting back information. Practice and repetition can help to 56 the pieces that make up our memory of that information.Memory can be 57 affected by a number of things. 58 nutrition can affect a person’s ability to store information. Excessive alcohol use can also weaken memory and cause permanent 59 to the brain over the long term. A vision or hearing problem may affect a person’s ability to notice certain things, thus making it 60 to register information in the brain.When people talk about memory, they often 61 short-term memory and long-term memory.If you want to call a store or an office that you don’t call often, you look in the telephone book for the number. You dial the number, and then you forget it! You use your short-term memory to remember the number. Your short-term memory lasts about 30 seconds, or half a minute. 62 , you don’t need to look in the telephone book for your best friend’s number, because you already know it. This number is in your long-term memory, which 63 information about things you have learned and experienced through the years.Why do you forget things sometimes? The major reason for forgetting something is that youdid not learn it well enough 64 . For example, if you meet some new people and right away forget their names, it is because you did not 65 the names at the first few seconds when you heard them.51. A. collects B. processes C. publishes D. absorbs52. A. necessary B. important C. difficult D. convenient53. A. figure out B. take out C. put out D. give out54. A. After all B. Instead C. By contrast D. Besides55. A. recall B. refresh C. describe D. decrease56. A. lose B. organize C. identify D. strengthen57. A. positively B. negatively C. actively D. directly58. A. Poor B. Adequate C. Special D. Various59. A. benefit B. offence C. effect D. damage60. A. easier B. more impressive C. harder D. more convenient61. A. refer to B. apply for C. come across D. break down62.A. Furthermore B. However C. Consequently D. Otherwise63.A. leaks B. transmits C. checks D. stores64.A. in the middle B. at the end C. in the beginning D. ahead of time65.A. restore B. record C. replace D. respond51-65 D C A B C DBADC ABDCBIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases markedA,B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Gallup used to conduct a poll(投票) that asked students to name the school subject that they considered to be the most difficult. Not 51 , mathematics came out on top of the difficulty chart. So what is it about math that makes it difficult? defines the word “difficult” as “not easily or readily done; requiring much52 or planning to be performed successfully.” This definition gets to the point of the problem when it comes to math. What makes math difficult is that it takes patience and persistence. For many students, math is not something that comes 53 . It takes effort. It is a subject that sometimes requires students to devote lots and lots of time and 54 .This means, for many, the problem has little to do with brain power; it is mostly a matter of staying power. And since students don’t make their own timelines, they can 55 the time as the teacher moves on to the next topic.In fact, there is also an element of brain style in the big picture, according to many scientists. They believe that people are born with 56 math understanding skills. Logical, left-brain thinkers tend to understand things in sequential bits, while artistic, intuitive, right- brainers are more 57 . They take in a lot of information at one time and allow time to let it “sink in”. So left-brain students may grasp concepts 58 while right-brain students don’t. To the right brain student, time loss can make them feel confused and behind. Unfortunately in busy classrooms with too many students, students are not always 59 enough time. We have to move on, ready or not.Math know-how is also cumulative( 积累), which means it works much like a pile of building blocks. You have to gain enough 60 in one area before you can effectively go on to “build upon” another area. Our first mathematical building blocks are established in primary school, when we learn 61 for addition and multiplication, and those first concepts become our 62 . These mathematical concepts or knowledge has to sink in and become 63 before students can move on to challenge the next stage of new concepts. However, teachers don’t have time to ensure that every single student understands every single concept. So some students move to the next level with really shaky knowledge system. 64 , as they climb the ladder, they may meet with more and more difficulties and might 65 complete failure at some。
2015届普陀区高三英语一模试卷及答案(官方版)
普陀区2014学年第一学期高三英语质量调研（考试时间 120分钟试卷满分 150分）第I卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection A Short ConversationsDirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the questionyou have heard.1. A. Twins. B. Classmates. C. Friends. D. Colleagues.2. A. At a gas station. B. In a workshop.C. At an art gallery.D. In a department store.3. A. She’s written some books about classics.B. She’s learned a lot from the l iterature class.C. She’s met some of the world’s best writers.D. She’s just returnedfrom a trip round the world.4. A. Ten years. B. Twenty years.C. Forty years.D. A hundred years.5. A. The woman followed the man’s advice.B. The woman wasgoing to have a haircut.C. The man didn’t care if the woman had her hair cut.D. The man didn’t want the woman to have her hair cut.6. A. She just read only part of the book.B. She was interested in reading novels.C. She seldom read books from cover to cover.D. She wasanxious to know what the book was about.7. A. Young people lose their jobs easily.B. Young people are too eager to succeed.C. Young people seldom stay long on the same job.D. Young people are too quick in making decisions.8. A. Worried. B. Relieved. C. Doubtful. D. Thankful.9. A. Quit delivering flowers. B. Work at a restaurant.C. Bring her flowers every day.D. Leave his job to work for her.10. A. Tony could not continue the experiment.B. Tony finished the experiment last night.C. Tony thought the experiment was well done.D. Tony had expected the experiment to be easier.Section B PassagesDirections:In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passage. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. She missed her grandfather greatly.B. She seldom talked with her mother.C. Her mother didn’t love her as much as her grandfather did.D. Her mother was the subject of talks with her grandfather.12.A. Co-workers cannot be your close friends.B. People will be pleased if you call them at 2:00 AM.C. You can't discuss your problems with a distant family.D. The one you can call at 2:00 AM is someone close to you in spirit.13.A. Parents should understand their kids.B. There are many ways to make friends.C. The earth is an inhabited garden if you have close friends.D. There is a difference between a lonely desert and an inhabited garden.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. The prison gates are always open. B. Its prisoners can work outside.C. The prison has no armed guards.D. The prison is open to the public.15. A. It has no security measures.B. It is run on the principle of trusting prisoners.C. The prisoners are provided with jobs on release.D. Its prisoners are seldom made to work overtime.16. A. Doubtful. B. Positive. C. Critical. D.Neutral.Section CLonger ConversationsDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Left HandednessWhat do Leonardo da Vinci, Marie Curie, and Albert Einstein have in common? They were all left-handed, along with other famous people including Barack Obama. In fact, an estimated 13 percent of the world’s population (25)______ be left-handed.Most people are right-handed. This fact also seems to have held true (26)______ history. In 1977, scientists studied works of art made at various times starting with cave drawings from 15,000 B.C. and ending with paintings from the 1950s. Most of the people (27)______ (show) in these works of art are right-handed.Many researchers claim (28)______ (find)relationships between left-handedness and various physical and mental characteristics. However, (29)______ of these connections are very weak, and others have not been proven.What makes a person become right-handed rather than left-handed? As yet, no one really knows for sure. (30)______ ______ ______ reasons may be behind it, people’s attitudes toward left-handedness have changed a lot over the years. There are even a number of shops (31)______ (specialize) in selling products for left-handed people, such as left-handed scissors, can openers, guitars, and even aleft-handed camera.In 1976, Left-Handers International, a group of left-handed people in Topeka, Kansas, in the United States, decided to start (32)______ annual event in order to clear up misunderstandings about left-handedness.(B)Motivating Students(33)______ ______ a young child might be nervous about starting school, he or she is often excited on the first day of school. Perhaps that excitement lasts through the first few years of school. But over time, many children are much (34) ______ (excited) about going to school because school becomes a place of “all w o r k a n d n o p l a y.”A s t h e y e a r s g o b y,s t u d e n t s (35)______(pressure) to do more work and to do it better, make better test scores, and have a higher class rank. It is therefore not surprising that by middle school many students lose interest in school and learning.Teachers face a big challenge in such a situation. When they enter a classroom (36)______ ______ most of the students do not want to be there and do not want to study, how can they teach? Some teachers may be tempted to focus their energy on the handful of students in the classroom who show an interest in (37)______(learn). Other teachers have to reward “good” students and punishing “bad”students in the hope (38)______ this may somehow motivate all students to try harder.Through his own teaching experience, Dr. Richard Lavoie became interested in the problem of motivating students. He (39)______(wonder) what motivates some students to want to learn. In studying this question, Dr. Lavoie discovered that other people have done a lot of research into this question already. However, those people do not work in schools. The people who seemed to know the most about (40)______ motivates kids were researchers who work for companies that were advertising products such as toys and music for children.Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.“Once we spread out into space and establish independent colonies, our future should be safe,”Stephen Hawking says.Stephen Hawking, one of the world’s most important scientists, believes that to __41__, humans must move into space.Today, the United States, India, China, and Japan are all planning to send astronauts back to Earth’s closest __42__: the moon. Each country wants to create space stations there between 2020 and 2030. These stations will __43__prepare humans to visit and later live on Mars or other Earth-like planets.Robert Zubrin, a rocket scientist, thinks humans should __44__ space. He wants to start with Mars. Why? There are several advantages: for one, sending people to the moon and Mars will allow us to learn alot—for example, whether living on other planets is possible. Then, we can eventually__45__ new human societies on other planets. In addition, the __46__ we make for space travel in the fields of science, technology, medicine, and health can also benefit us here on Earth.But not everyone thinks sending humans into space is a(n)__47__ idea. Many say it’s too expensive to send people, even on a short __48__. And most space trips are not short. A one-way trip to Mars, for example, would take about six months. People travelling this kind of distance face a number of health problems. Also, for many early space __49__, life would be extremely difficult. On the moon’s surface, for example, the air and the sun’s rays are very dangerous. People would have to stay indoors most of the time.Despite these __50__, sending people into space seems certain. In the future, we might see lunar(月球上的) cities and maybe even new human cultures on other planets.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.When you say that someone has a good memory, what exactly do you mean? Are you saying that the person has fast recall or that he or she__51__ information quickly? Or maybe you just mean that the person remembers a lot about her or his childhood. The truth is that it is __52__ to say exactly what memory is. Even scientists who have been studying memory for decades say they are still trying to __53__ exactly what it is. We do know that a particular memory is not just one thing stored somewhere in the brain. __54__, a memory is made up of bits and pieces of information stored all over the brain. Perhapsthe best way to __55__ memory is to say that it is a process—a process of recording, storing, and getting back information. Practice and repetition can help to __56__ the pieces that make up our memory of that information.Memory can be __57__ affected by a number of things. __58__ nutrition can affect a person’s ability to store information. Excessive alcohol use can also weaken memory and cause permanent __59__ to the brain over the long term. A vision or hearing problem may affect a person’s ability to notice certain things, thus making it __60__ to register information in the brain.When people talk about memory, they often__61__ short-term memory and long-term memory. If you want to call a store or an office that you don’t call often, you look in the telephone book for the number. You dial the number, and then you forget it! You use your short-term memory to remember the number. Your short-term memory lasts about 30 seconds, or half a minute. __62__, you don’t need to look in the telephone book for your best friend’s number, because you already know it. This number is in your long-term memory, which __63__ information about things you have learned and experienced through the years.Why do you forget things sometimes? The major reason for forgetting something is that you did not learn it well enough __64__. For example, if you meet some new people and right away forget their names, it is because you did not __65__ the names at the first few seconds when you heard them.51. A. collects B. processes C. publishes D. absorbs52. A. necessary B. important C. difficult D. convenient53. A. figure out B. take out C. put out D. give out54. A. After all B.Instead C.By contrast D. Besides55. A. recall B. refresh C. describe D. decrease56. A. lose B. organize C. identify D. strengthen57. A. positively B. negatively C. actively D. directly58. A. Poor B. Adequate C. Special D. Various59. A. benefit B. offence C. effect D. damage60. A. easier B. more impressive C. harder D. more convenient61. A. refer to B. apply for C. come across D. break down62. A. Furthermore B. However C.Consequently D. Otherwise63. A. leaks B. transmits C. checks D. stores64. A. in the middle B. at the end C. in the beginning D. ahead of time65. A. restore B. record C. replace D. respondSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)In 1991, high in the mountains of Europe, hikers made a discovery: a dead man partly frozen in the ice. However, the police investigation soon became a scientific one. Carbon dating indicated that the man died over 5,300 years ago. Today he is known as the Iceman and has been ni cknamed “Ötzi” for the Ötztal Alps where he was found. Kept in perfect condition by the ice, he is the oldest complete human body on the earth.Scientists think he was an important person in his society. An examination of his teeth and skull tells us that he was not a young man.His arms were not the arms of a laborer. His dagger(匕首) was made of stone, but he carried a copper axe. This implies wealth, and he was probably from the upper classes.We know he could make fire, as a fire-starting kit was discovered with him. Even the food he had eaten enabled scientists to reason exactly where in Italy he lived.But why did the Iceman die in such a high and icy place? There have been many theories. Some said he was a lost shepherd. Others thought he was killed in a religious ceremony. Over the years since he was found, tiny scientific discoveries have led to great changes in our understanding of the story of the Iceman. The newest scientific information indicates that he was cruelly murdered. “Even five years ago, the story was that he fled up there and walked around in the snow and probably died of exposure,” said Klaus Oeggl, a scientist at the University of Innsbruc k in Austria. “Now i t’s all changed. It’s more like a…crime scene.”In June 2001, an X-ray examination of the body showed a small dark shape beneath the Iceman’s left shoulder. It was the stone head of an arrow. It had caused a deadly injury that probably killed him very quickly. In 2003, an Australian scientist discovered the blood of four different people on the clothes of the Iceman. Did a bloody fight take place before his murder? Injuries on his hand and head indicate that this may be true. One theory, put forward by archeologist(考古学家) WalterLeitner, says that the Iceman’s murder was the end of a fight for power among his people. However, this idea is certainly debatable.66. What does “Ötzi”refer to ________.A. the oldest perfectly preserved human bodyB. the most famous tourist attractionÖtztal AlpsC. an important discovery by the police of EuropeD. the person living in Ötztal Alps for a long time67. After the examination of the Iceman, scientists believe that ________.A. he died at an early ageB. he made a fire-starting kitC. he had a higher social statusD. he was born at a village in Italy68. According to Klaus Oeggl, the Iceman died from________.A. a serious diseaseB. a snow disasterC. a religious faithD. a terrible murder69. What is the passage mainly talking about?A. The life of ancient people in the AlpsMountains.B. The cruel religious life of the Europeans in the past.C. The discovery andpossiblecause of death of the Iceman.D. The application of carbon dating technology to the Iceman.(B)Cambridge Schools Conference 2015 - book your place todayInspiring teachers, inspiring learners: How we prepare learners for a lifetime of learning.Dear ColleagueThe Cambridge Schools Conference is taking place in Colombo, Sri Lanka from 3-5 Jan 2015. Booking for the conference closes on 24December 2014, book now to secure your place.Feedback from schools that attended our recent conference in Cambridge includes:“Outstanding keynote presentation by Guy Claxton”Roland Ebiye-Koripamo, Cita International School“A Cambridge Conference shoots up the expectation level of the representativesand when it not just reaches that level but surpasses it with excellence, you define it as the Cambridge Schools Conference, 2015!”SeemaAnis, Al Waha International School, Jeddah“I have met so many interesting people. Having the opportunity to meet educators from all over the world is a unique experience.”Luciana Fernandez, ESSARP, ArgentinaThe conference brings together a community of teachers representing schools from many different countries and contexts, to consider approaches to common challenges. Our programme is designed to support professional learning by offering a range of perspectives on the conference theme. Discuss and debate these in our panel sessions (小组会议) and explore their implications in group discussions and workshops.We look forward to welcoming you to Colombo.Events TeamCambridge International ExaminationsFollow @CIE_Education for news and information about the conference. Use the hashtag#csconf15 to join the conversation.Forward to a friend|Unsubscribe© 2014 Cambridge International Examinations70. The theme of the Cambridge Schools Conference 2015 is about _________.A. lifelong learningB. teaching approachesC. common challengesD. inspiring teachers71. The letter is most probably for those who _________.A. are the members of CIEB. work in education institutesC. givefeedback to the conferenceD. can offer a range of perspectives72. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. The conference closes on 24December 2014.B. The conferenceis held in University of Cambridge.D. The conference encourages various views on lifelong learning.C. The conference provides the most effective approaches on lifelong learning.(C)Big trees are incredibly important ecologically. For a start, they provide food for countless other species and shelter for many animals. With their tall branches in the sun, they capture vast amounts of energy. This allows them to produce massive crops of fruit and flowers that sustain much of the animal life in the forest.Only a small number of tree species have the genetic abilityto grow really big. The biggest are native to North America, but big trees grow all over the globe, from the tropics to the forests of the high latitudes(纬度). To achieve giant size, a tree needs three things: the right place to establish its seedling, good growing conditions and lots of time with low adult death rate. Lose any of these, and you will lose your biggest trees.In some parts of the world, populations of big trees are dwindling because their seedlings cannot survive. In southern India, for instance, an aggressive non-native bush, Lantana camara, is invading thefloor of many forests. Lantana grows so thickly that young trees often fail to take root. With no young trees to replace them, it is only a matter of time before most of the big trees disappear.Without the right growing conditions, trees cannot get really bigand there is some evidence to suggest tree growth could slow in a warmer world, particularly in environments that are already warm. Having worked for decades at La Selva Biological Station in Puerto Viejo de Sarapiqui, Costa Rica, David and Deborah Clark and colleagues have shown that tree growth there declines markedly in warmer years. “During the day, their growth shuts down when it gets too warm, and at night they consume more energy because their metabolic(新陈代谢的) ra te increases,” explains David Clark. With less energy produced in warmer years and more being consumed just to survive, there is even less energy available for growth.The Clarks’ theory, if correct, means tropical forests would shrink over time.The largest, oldest trees would progressively die off and tend not to be replaced. According to the Clarks, this might cause a destabilization of the climate; as older trees die, forests would release some of their stored carbon into the atmosphere, causing a cycle of further warming, forest shrinkage and carbon emissions.Besides, big trees face threats from elsewhere.73. According to the passage, big trees make great contributions to theecosystem because ________.A. they can capture large amounts of energyB. they determine the change of global climateC. they provide the essentials for many creaturesD. they can avoid a new cycle of further warming74. All the following factors are a must for making big trees EXCEPT ______.A. no deadly damageB. genetic contributionC. ideal environmentfor growthD. high-latitude location75. The word “dwindling” (paragraph3) is closest in meaning to “______”.A. explodingB. growingC. changingD. declining76. What is the best title of the passage?A. Big trees in trouble.B. Advantages of big trees.C. Results of big trees’ disappearing.D. Importanceof big trees to humans.77. What will the author most probably discuss after the last paragraph?A. More threats to the existence of big tress.B. The effect of human activities on big trees.C. Benefits of big trees to the whole atmosphere.D. Comparison between common trees and big ones.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Different people may find that different learning methods work best for them. While some would turn to tutoring in order to get better grades, others choose to join study groups. In fact, many universities encourage their students to form study groups and make good use of them.“Two heads are better than one.” That’s the simple idea behind study groups. By participating in a study group, students can benefit from some of their best academic resources: other students. They get to pick each other’s brains and improve their own understanding of different problems. Moreover, study groups can create the slightly tense atmosphere in which it’s good to study. For example, some students tend to procrastinate (拖延) when they are studying by themselves; however, by joining a study group, they get to observe their peers who are working diligently and are likely to thus have motivation for working harder.Study groups work best when they are small, but not too small—four to five participants is about right. And it’s necessary to make sure everyone has the same goal, to prepare for a particular test, to discuss class readings or to review the week’s lecture notes. Besides, socializing in the group would make studying more fun as long as it took up only a small portion of group study time.In addition, to maximize the efficiency, some study groups like to assign members certain roles, and thus efficiency will be promoted. Besides an organizer, who gets group members to agree to a common purpose and a convenient time and place, there often is a group member playing the role of a source-seeker, whose duty is to remind group members to identify their sources. For instance, when a group member says “I read somewhere that ... ,” the source-seeker should ask for specifics. This person reminds the group that it’s important to know who said what and where it was said. And a gatekeeper, who tries to make sure that all group members are participating, may ask a direct question to help a shy person participate, or find a way to get a dominating member to listen.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)78. Many universities encourage students to take advantage of ________ for better grades rather than learning alone.79. Peers are not only the best academic resources but also motivate each other to _________ when learning in groups.80. According to paragraph 3, besides the small size, what are the other two factors that could help a study group work best?81. All the members in the study group will be assigned different roles because people believe that it will result in _______.第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1、孩子们总是对圣诞节的礼物充满好奇。
上海市青浦区2015届高三英语一模试卷及答案（官方版）
______________________________________________________________ 跃龙学堂 您身边的中小学生辅导专家 1 青浦区2014学年第一学期期末考试试卷高 三 英 语（考试时间120分钟，满分150分。
请将答案填写在答题纸上）第Ⅰ卷 (共103分) I. Listening Comprehension （略）（略）（略） II. Grammar and V ocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. (A) During the summer days my mother built her fire in the shadow of our cabin. In the early morning our simple breakfast (25) (spread) upon the grass. The morning meal was our quiet hour. At noon, several (26) chanced to be passing by stopped to rest, and to share our luncheon with us. I loved (27) (well) the evening meal, for that was the time old stories were told. I was always glad when the sun hung low in the west, for then my mother sent me to invite the neighboring old people to eat supper with us. "Yes, yes, gladly, gladly I shall come!" each replied. My mission done, I ran back, (28) (skip) and jumping with delight. At the arrival of our guests I sat close to my mother, and did not leave her side. I ate my supper in quiet, listening patiently to the talk of the old people, wishing all the time that they would begin the stories. At last, when I (29) not wait any longer, I whispered in my mother's ear, "(30) them to tell an Iktomi story, mother." Then my mother said aloud, "My little daughter is anxious to hear your stories." As each in turn began to tell a legend, I pillowed my head in my mother's lap; and lying flat upon my back, I watched (31) stars one by one. The increasing interest of the tale aroused me, and I sat up eagerly listening for every word. The old women made funny remarks, and laughed so heartily (32) I could not help joining them. (B) The 43rd U.S. president George W. Bush stepped back into the spotlight when a library and museum dedicated to him opened to the public on May 1. the George W. Bush Presidential Library and and Museum Museum Museum is is is dedicated dedicated dedicated (33) (33) the the campus campus campus of of of Southern Southern Southern Methodist Methodist Methodist University University University in in Dallas, Texas. The library and museum is plentiful with exhibits on the historical events. “About 3000,000 visitors (34) (expect)”,said the library and museum spokesman. Presidential libraries are not libraries in the traditional sense. People cannot go to the George . W . Bush Bush Bush Presidential Presidential Presidential library library library (35) (35) (check) (check) out out out a a a book. preserve preserve documents documents documents and governing. (36) (36) preserved at a presidential library is available to the public to see and study because presidential libraries are public property (37) (38) conditions, (39) heritage. He also donated a potion of his estate in Hyde PARK, New York, (40) used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. It's the customary bedtime practice every parent would feel fearful----being asked to read the same book for many times. But while the 41 repetition might be boring for mum or dad, it such as The Very Hungry Caterpillar or The Gruffalo will 42 recognize and and 43 read three 44 appeared the same 45 over and over had 46 learned 3.6 of the new words. While those 47 those in the ‘ 48 ’ group.e showing that less is more, to a point. And, 49 , the more times Speaking of the 50 A. number B. recall C. constant D. addition E. achieve F. different G . exposed H. obviously I. precious J. variety K. typically Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. been a move this fast in education,”education,” said Elliot Soloway, a professor of education and computersci said Elliot Soloway, a professor of education and computersci______________________________________________________________跃龙学堂 您身边的中小学生辅导专家 4 ____65___, Mr. Pearce said.“I can’t can’t take my kid take my kid playing one more hour of video games, but if the children are exploring coding, I tell him I can live with that all night long.”51. A. temptation B. movement C. motion D. proposition 52. A. introduced B. appealed C. recognized D. calculated 53. A. In addition B. However C. Therefore D. Thus 54. A. rewards B. prizes C. credits D. funds 55. A. costly B. critical C. insecure D. hot 56. A. result from B. work out C. pick up D. lead to 57. A. before B. while C. when D. after 58. A. virtually B. extensively C. potentially D. annoyingly 59. A. warnings B. responsibility C. admission D. compliments 60. A. superior B. inferior C. fiercer D. broader 61. A. collected B. developed C. mentioned D. sacrificed 62. A. declare B. cover C. call D. deepen 63. A. forbid B. resist C. urge D. direct 64. A. sensible B. reliable C. significant D. common 65. A. efficient B. measurable C. productive D. stable Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) POETRY BY HEART By Andrew Motion (Viking £16.99) For three years, a terrific national competition has encouraged pupils aged 14 to 18 to learn and recite poetry — and this fat collection is the pool of 200 poems from which they have to make their choice. This anthology makes a fine present for anyone interested in poetry, ranging from the earliest English poem through every century to current poetry with many themes and from different ethnic backgrounds. Some of the choices seem odd to me — but that’s part of the fun, as you wonder why. The notes make the book really useful. Every home should have a copy. ______________________________________________________________跃龙学堂 您身边的中小学生辅导专家 5POEMS THAT MAKE GROWN MEN CRYEdited by Anthony and Ben Holden (Simon & Schuster £16.99) This is a fascinating, wide-ranging selection of poems chosen by 100 well-known men — simply because they find them deeply moving. But grown men aren’t supposed to cry, are they? Some of the poems are about loss, as you’d expect, but others are about deeply held political passions or intense observations of nature. Each is introduced by the chooser, usually with frank personal detail. BLACK COUNTRY by Liz Berry (Chatto £10) This is a writer I’m thrilled to discover — someone who takes a pride in the Midlands, where she lives. Berry uses some of the dialect words she heard as a child, turning ordinariness into something direct, tender and beautiful.The disagreeable Brummie accent becomes music in the hands of this fine young poet.LEARNING TO MAKE AN OUD IN NAZARETH by Ruth Padel (Chatto £10) Padel is one of our most talented writers. Poet, naturalist, musician and travel writer, she turns her multi-layered poetic attention to the Middle East, seeking peace and harmony through sensitive and moving poems that offer hope even as they reflect upon struggle. Her prolific and passionate creativity is proof that ‘making is our defence against the dark’.66. Of the four books mentioned above, who are the creators of the poems? A. Andrew Motion and Liz Berry C. Anthony and Ben Holden Ramo is a professor of law at Golden Gate University. “There is a real drive to make money, to have employment. When there’s a real job that’s available and a theoretical risk of awin out, business wins out.”71. What can we infer from the scientists’ finding twenty years ago?A. Chromium VI surroundings help surgeons have more casual life. B. More skillful and capable doctors were needed. generally involve leaning over computer keyboard. The The device device device contains plus a monitor to shake. It connects to an iOS app via Bluetooth so that wearers can see their bad A. An accompanying app. B. A necklace C. Computer keyboard. D. A remote control 75. Besides allowiong people to set goals, the iOS app also_____. Meanwhile , a report earlier this year from NHS England found that all patients are 12 percent more likely to die if admitted to hospital at the weekend ------this was because fewer senior staff were available and there was a lack of access to key physical examination tests, such as scans. which food passes from the mouth to the stomach, say Steven Mann, a gastroenterologist at the Royal Free London Trust. Acid reflux can also become a problem at the weekend you cannot bear because of less regular Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 参考答案及评分标准78.. because there is a lack of access to key physical examination tests. 79. a change in one’s 80. a chemical messenger 3. As As many many many students students students as as as possible possible possible are are are expected expected expected to to to participate participate participate in in in the the the theme theme theme activities activities activities of of “personal career planning”. 4. If If too too too much much much pressure pressure pressure has has has influenced influenced influenced your your your sleep, sleep, sleep, you you you had had had better better better consult consult consult the the the psychology psychology II. Guided Writing （共25分）档次档次 内容内容 语言语言 组织结构组织结构 A 9-10 9-10 5-4 B 7-8 7-8 3 C 5-6 5-6 2 D 3-4 3-4 1 E 0-2 0-2 0 评分标准：评分标准：1. 本题总分为25青浦校区一、Grammar and Vocabulary 分析 题号 考查内容 易错点（难点） 解题思路与技巧分值 25 动词时态语态 语态根据句意理解 1 26定语从句Several 作为先行词名词后的一个句子为定语从句修饰1 27 形容词的比较级和最高级 最高级在三餐中比较，为最高级 1 28 现在分词 双写 伴随状语1 29情态动词过去式主语和not 之间为情态动词1 30 动词的语态及时态 祈使句暗含主语 祈使句1 31 冠词 无 名词前应该用冠词 1 32 状语从句 固定搭配 so…that… 1 33介词固定搭配On/in the campus 1 34 动词的语态及时态被动作谓语1 35 不定式无目的状语1 1 36 主语从句What还是whatever 根据句意文中是anything 1 37 现在分词句子结构分析Belong是表示属于，为主动38 代词句意理解His second term 1 39 连词易错为定语从句谓语的并列1 1 40 定语从句非限制定语从句句型结构为从句再要考虑句意理解第41题，名词前缺少一个形容词，根据句意“尽管不断重复念同一本书可能让妈妈或爸爸感觉头脑麻木，但这是幼童学习新词汇的最佳方法。
[资料]2015上海市高三英语一模--宝山区
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[资料]2015上海市高三英语一模--宝山区Section A( A )One day Gene and Hannah Bortnick heard piano music (25) ______ (come) from their living room. They thought their 3-year-old son Ethan (26)______ (listen) to a CD. Then they walked into the room. To their amazement, they found him playing music on his toy piano!Having discovered his remarkable talent, Ethan’s parents changedtheir minds and agreed to his previous begging for piano lessons. They turned to a family member who taught piano, and she began working with Ethan. It wasn’t long, however, (27) ______ the teacher knew that he was no ordinary student. Ethan was a piano prodigy (神童) and needed someone who understood his special talents and abilities. The family found Dr. Irena Kofman, (28) ______ immediately recognized his talentand intelligence.With Dr. Kofman’s help, Ethan learned about piano technique and different types of music. Before long, he was beingasked to perform for many events. Later he was receiving invitations from the likes of Jay Leno and Oprah. Ethan was 6 and in kindergarten (29) ______ he first appeared on The Tonight Show with Jay Leno. At that time, he already had over 200 songs (30) ______ (memorize) and was developing a CD.Today, at the age of 13, it seems there is (31) ______ Ethan cannot do. He plays piano, sings, composes songs and acts. He has entertained audiences around the world with music (32) ______ (range) from Beethoven to Bieber.In 2010, Ethan became (33) ______ (young) musician to create andhost his own TV concert special.Then in 2013, the performer starred in and wrote music for the movie Anything is Possible.( B )Tasui is a teenager who lives in Africa. When he was young, he had polio (小儿麻痹症). Although he wants to go toschool, he must work.Tasui is only on e of millions of children who can’t go to school. Many (34) ______ work to support their families. Therefore, more than 100 million children will never receive an education. Can anything be done? Global Campaign for Education (GCE) thinks so. It was formed to solve this problem. The government aims to give every person, especially those in poverty, (35) ______ opportunity to get an education.Established in 1999, GCE is made up of 120 organizations with members in almost 100 countries. Education is a basic human right, and GCE campaigns to realize this right. It works with governments (36)______ (improve) education in each country.Today, nearly 1 (37) ______ 6 people around the world cannot read or write. Not being able to read impacts a person’s job opp ortunities andincreases poverty. GCE seeks to provide (38) ______ (teach) materials in primary students’mother tongues.Around the world, many girls face neglect and are often denied an education. GCE aims to give women the same opportunities as men.Every spring, GCE leads the Global Action Week. During this week, GCE highlights people who (39) ______ (deny) educational opportunities. This year the Global Action Week focuses on providing an education to disabled people.GCE believes (40) ______ quality education can change lives.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. studiesB. reachingC. familiarD. foldedE. complicationsF. monitorsG. probably H. helpful I. exploring J. discussions K. particularlyGoogle Inc. is searching for a better way for millions of diabetics (糖尿病患者) to manage their disease by developinga contact lens that (41) ______ glucose (葡萄糖) levels in tears.The “smart” contact lens uses a tiny wireless chip and small glucose sensor that is (42) ______ into two layers of soft contact lens material.Google is in (43) ______ with the Food and Drug Administration, the company said. But the contact lenses could be years from (44) ______ the public. The prototype (原型) can bring about a reading once per second, which could be very(45) ______ for diabetics who must pay close attention to theirblood sugar and adjust their dose of insulin (胰岛素).Google is also (46) ______ whether the lenses could be an “early warning” for diabetics by equipping them with tiny LED lights thatlight up when insulin levels get too high or low.“You’ve (47) ______ heard that diabetes is a huge and growing problem — affecting one out of every nineteen peopleon the planet. But you may not be (48) ______ with the dailystruggle that many people with diabetes face as they try to keep their blood sugar levels under control. Uncontrolled blood sugar puts peopleat risk for a range of dangerous (49) ______ , some short-term andothers longer-term, including damage to the eyes, kidneys and heart,” Google said in a blog post. “It’s still early days for this technology, but we’ve completed multiple clinical research (50) ______, which are helpingto improve our prototype. We hope this could someday lead to a new way for people with diabetes to manage their disease.”III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Residents of urban areas often make use of public transportation on their way to school or the office. But when their final __51__ isn’t near a bus stop or subway station, those folks have a problem. Transportation experts often __52__ to thisas the “last mile” problem — finding a way to close the gap between public transportation stops and one’s destination.With the last mile problem in mind, the makers of the URB-E __53__ a compact electric vehicle that weighs around 13 kilograms. Unlike bikes, which often don’t fit on crowded buses or trains, the URB-E collapses into a form __54__ tocarry-on luggage. And since the URB-E can be carried __55__ anywhere, it’s not as vulnerable(易受攻击的) to thieves asbikes are.Depending on usage, the URB-E can travel for 32 kilometers on asingle __56__, reaching a top speed of 24 kilometers per hour. Although there are other vehicles attempting to __57__ the last mile issue, the URB-E __58__ for its ease of use, portability and affordable price. For the price of a nice laptop, you could have an URB-E to drive to the office.The URB-E is made from aircraft-grade aluminum and comes in twobasic models: the URB-E Commuter and the URB-E GP. The main __59__between the two is that the Commuter model has two rear wheels while the GP has only one. That means the Commuter offers greater stability, as__60__ to the GP’s ability to make sharper turns like a bicycle.Both models come with accessories(配件) __61__ LED front and rear lights and a shock-absorbing seat. They also__62__ a smartphone holder and USB charging port right on the steering column. In fact, smartphones play a big role in the URB-E app to do things like monitor battery charge or control the lights. __63__ accessories include a cup holder and a folding luggage shelf.At this year’s international Consumer Electronic Show (CES) in Las Vegas, tech website The Verge awarded theURB-E with its “Best Personal Transportation” award. Singing the URB-E’s __64__, Verge editor Ben Popper said, “TheURB-E felt like the kind of vehicle an enlightened citizen of 2030 would own.” So why wait that long, when the URB-E is__65__ for order now?51. A. purpose B. destination C. transportation D. vehicle52. A. refer B. accustom C. attach D. stick53. A. discovered B. introduced C. designed D. manufactured54. A. convenient B. efficient C. objective D. similar55. A. constantly B. eventually C. mainly D. practically56. A. charge B. tourism C. competition D. distance57. A. cover B. develop C. address D. conquer58. A. breaks away B. stands out C. invests in D. perseveres in59. A. difference B. characteristic C. shortcoming D. advantage60. A. familiar B. strange C. important D. opposed61. A.as a result of B. such as C. in all D. in addition to62. A. install B. explore C. feature D. equip63. A. Optional B. Critical C. Essential D. Unique64. A. influences B. contributions C. praises D. achievements65. A. accessible B. flexible C. fascinating D. availableSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Rugby looks like a mixture of soccer and American football. In Rugby, players carry the ball, kick the ball and tackle(拦截抢球) one another. Men, women and children play it in more than 120 countries.Legend says rugby was invented in 1823 at a school in the town of Rugby, England. One of the school’s students, ayoung man named William Webb Ellis, was playing in a soccer match.But he got bored with just kicking the ball, so he picked it up and ran with it. Before long, this new way of playing soccer became popular at the school. When the school’sstudents finished their studies, they moved to other parts of Britain, taking the new game, which they called rugby, with them. Before long, they and others established rugby clubs throughout Britain and in British colonies around the world.By the 1870s, there were many rugby clubs in Britain and elsewhere, but they weren’t all playing rugby the same way. To solve this problem, representatives from twenty-two teams met and agreed on official rugby regulations. They also founded an association of rugby teams, called the Rugby Football Union (RFU).Today,Rugby Union World Cup tournaments are held every four years. The first one occurred in 1987 with Australia and New Zealand hosting. The next World Cup will happen in 2015 and will be hosted by England. Thousands of fans will travel to attend the matches and cheer on their favorite teams. Believe it or not, not one team who’s won the R ugby WorldCup has managed to win the next World Cup! But players and fans don’t mind. They just enjoy the game.66. What is this article mainly about?A. An institution for disabled youngsters.B. An activity which provides recreation.C. A yearly competition with huge prizes.D. A community with an interesting history.67. What did William Webb Ellis do differently?A. He kicked the ball repeatedly.B. He beat balls after matches.C. He held the ball in his hands.D. He threw the ball really well.68. What did the clubs finally confirm in the 1870s?A. A united legal defenseB. Plans for new stadiumsC. Standard rules of playD. Backing for other sports69. What does this article tell us about the Rugby Union World Cup?A. How frequently it takes placeB. How mechanical it’s becomeC. How officials plan to change itD. How well journalists cover it(B)The Internet of Things (IoT) aims to get everything and everyone talking. Attaching sensors to “things”, such as cows,cars and refrigerator, and then assigning them unique IP addresses allow them to “talk” to the Internet. Of course, the IoT will involve much more than a handful of sensors. Networking company Cisco estimates that 50 billion Internet-connecteddevices and objects will be sending over data by 2020.Specific BenefitsThe IoT will allow people to track things and processes like never before. Airplane manufacturers will be able to continuously track the condition of airplane parts, allowing them to do preventivemaintenance and avoid costly downtime. Consumers could install smart meters in their homes to monitor energy usage and observe energy price changes in real time. That would allow people to adjust their habits and use electrical appliances during lower-priced hours.Some FearsSome critics fear that the IoT could end up being a fashion that people lose interest in over time. Having Twitter feeds on refrigerator doors may sound cool at first, but the attraction could fade as quickly as the excitement over last year’s smartphone! Other critics are doubtful that companies making Internet-connected appliances will provide long-term software updates. If that happens, arefrigerator or washing machine that should last 10 years or more could last two or three due tosoft ware that’s outdated.A Positive ExampleEarly this year, owners of the Tesla Model S electric car received a recall notice alerting them to a charger plug needing to be fixed. Amazingly, owners of the Model S sat back while the company performed an “over the air” wireless update. Customers confirmed the update by tapping on the car’s touchscreen console to see that the Model S was running the latest software version. No trip to the dealer was required!Perhaps Tesla’s remote fix is a sign of things to come. Someday soon, people’s lives might become a lot more efficient and convenient thanks to the IoT.70. How do researchers get everything and everyone talking?A. By establishing the IoT and launching a handful of sensors.B. By connecting sensors with them and appointing them unique IP addresses.C. By communicating with them all the time through the IoT.D. By sending people to track them day and night and collect useful data.71. According to the article, which of the following is NOT TRUE?A. IoT can help people do preventive maintenance and save money.B. IoT can help people monitor energy usage and observe price changes timely.C. IoT can help people adjust their habits and use electrical appliances more smartly.D. IoT can help people investigate things and update a lot of important data.72. What else do critics worry about the IoT besides its probably ending up being a fashion?A. People will lose interest in it as quickly as the thrill over last year’s smartphone.B. Refrigerators and washing machines will be replaced by other devices in a few years.C. Whether related companies will provide long-term software updates or not.D. The software provided by companies will be outdated easily and quickly.73. According to the passage, when owners of the Tesla Model S electric received a recall notice, they ______.A. just waited in the car while the maintenance is being donethrough wireless updateB. were required to go to the nearest 4s store to make some adjustments or repairsC. could definitely depend on the IoT to send them the charger plug to be fixedD. had to confirm the update with the help of the equipment provided by the company( C )The $19 billion that Facebook Inc. is paying for a smartphone application made jaws drop, even in Silicon Valley. But analysts say the purchase of WhatsApp could pay off for Facebook as it takes on Google Inc. and othertechnology giants in the race to be the next big thing in mobile.The battle for mobileTechnology giants are fighting for their future as consumers switch their loyalties from personal computers to mobile devices. By 2015, 5billion people are expected to be carrying around the tiny computers in their pockets.As a result, quick startups that have outpaced their grown-up rivals in building popular mobile services have become takeover targets.Just last year Facebook offered $3 billion for Los Angeles-based messaging company Snapchat, but was turned down. WhatsApp, a tiny California company, was a far bigger prize.With 450 million users, WhatsApp is the market leader in mobile messaging. Chief Executive Jan Koum says his company’s goal from the start was “to be on every single smartphone in the world.”Facebook is betting WhatsApp can help it go beyond competitors in messaging, the new communication medium of choice.Survival at stake (在紧急关头)The stakes could not be higher for Facebook. More people are communicating on their mobile devices rather than sending information to hundreds of friends on social networks. Its very survival depends on its ability to obtain the new ways people are connecting and sharing.By that logic, the price Facebook is paying for WhatsApp isn’t so bubbly (多泡的), said David Wessels, a financeprofessor at the University of Pennsylvania.“As a s tand-alone company, WhatsApp is clearly not worth $19billion, period,” Wessels said. “But by no means would I consider this unreasonable. Would you give away 10 percent of your company to extend the life of your company?”A wise investment?At first, Facebook investors did experience what analyst Arvind Bhatia called “sticker shock” after learning that Facebook planned to pay $19 billion for WhatsApp, a company that had declared it had no plans to make money any time soon.But investors quickly neglected concerns. Shares of Facebook briefly hit a record high the day after the sale was announced.Facebook is certainly not alone in placing sky-scraping evaluations on unproven startups, analysts say.Blogging service Tumblr sold to Yahoo Inc. for more than $1 billion. Dozens more startups are valued at $1 billion or more.Facebook is quick to point out that WhatsApp reached 450 million users faster than any company in history.74. The phrase “take on” in the second paragraph most probably means ______.A. show offB. compete withC. cooperate withD. object to75. Why do the technology giants start the battle for mobile according to the passage?A. Because they all want to become number one in the field of technology.B. Because all of them wish every customer to use tiny computers.C. Because consumers prefer mobile devices to computers.D. Because mobile devices are the latest technology at present.76. According to the passage, what does the author imply?A. Facebook’s decision is correct and re asonable.B. Facebook’s decision is incorrect and unreasonable.C. Facebook’s decision is acceptable but unreasonable.D. Facebook’s decision is bright but adventurous.77. What is the best title for the passage?A. The Revolutionary about Mobile DevicesB. Facebook Inc. and WhatsAppC. How Technology Giants GrowD. What’s Up with WhatsAppSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.For senior adviser Kathryn Cramer, author of Lead Positive: What Highly Effective Leaders See, Say, and Do, the best way to inspire followers is to focus on the positive. Cramer developed a methodology called Asset-Based Thinking (ABT) based on this message of positive thinking, and describes in her book how leaders:, see the positive in the past, present and future;, say the positive with communications with substance, enthusiasm and soul;, do the positive by responding with intention (not reacting), using their qualities and driving positive change over thelong term.The see-say-do framework is at the heart of Cramer’s Asset-Based Thinking methodology, which offers acomprehensive framework for leaders to respond to a wide variety of challenges and situations. In Lead Positive, Cramerdescribes a range of ABT techniques and guidelines for applying the framework.The “force field analysis”, for example, is a technique used to learn from a past situation that successfully worked, and is built around four questions:, “What forces were working for us?” With this question, youshould identify five positive, promoting forces, Cramerwrites., “What forces were working against us?” This question should lead to one or two negative forces., “What did we do to use the promoti ng forces and eliminate or sidestep the negative forces?”, “What behavior do we want to repeat and knowledge do we want to carry forward? Which situational assets do wewant to recreate, and which situational traps must we avoid?”These questions will give the leader and his or her team a clear memory of how they used positive “situational forces” and overcame negative ones to achieve success. Cramer’s force field analysis is both informational and inspiring.One of the recurring (一再出现) approaches in C ramer’s ABT methodology is the Self-Other-Situation framework, inwhich leaders take into account themselves, others and the situation in question. For example, to help leaders “see” thepositive in the present, Cramer writes that they need to consider what makes them feel strong and capable, how they develop meaningful connections with other people, and what gives them a sense of progress or achievement .(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. What is the highlight of Cramer’s ABT technique?79. The “force field analysis” can help leaders_________________________________________.80. How does the author like Cramer’s force field analysis?81. In Self-Others-Situation framework, leaders should__________________________________.第II卷 (共47分)2014学年第一学期高三英语测试参考答案及听力文字材料听力录音文字Section A Short Conversations1. W: Hurry up, please, or I’ll miss the plane.M: Sorry, madam, but we are in the rush hour.Q: Where is the woman?2. W: What jobs have you done in the past five years?M: Many kinds of jobs. I was once an official and later an engineer. Up till now I have been ajournalist for three years.Q: What’s the man’s present job?3. W: Does the play start at 6:15?M: It starts at 6:30 and ends at 8:00.Q: How long does the play last?4. W: Why didn’t you stop when the light had changed red?M: I’m terribly sorry that I was absent-minded. Do I have to pay a fine?Q: What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?5. W: Can you dri ve me to the Anderson’s party Friday night?M: It depends on if I get my car back from the shop.Q: What can we learn from the conversation?6. W: Did you hear? They are moving Kathy to the New York office.M: They are? That’s news to me.Q: What does the man mean?7. W: I really like this green dress. The fit is perfect, but I’m not sure about the color.M: Try another one. It’s the same style, but blue suits you better.Q: What does the man mean?8. W: You are taking a course with Professor Johns on. What’s your impression so far?M: Many students could hardly stay awake in his class without first drinking a cup of coffee.Q: What does the man imply?9. W: Would you mind taking a picture of me in front of the fountain?M: Not at all. But I’m no t sure how this camera works.Q: What will probably happen next?10. W: I’m afraid this is the only room in the hotel we have freeat this time, sir.M: I guess I’ll take what I can get. Next time I’ll be sure tocall in advance and make areservation.Q: What can be inferred about the man?Section B Passages stToday I’d like to mention an interesting television program that will be shown on January 1. It’s about the brain. It’s apublic television show produced in New York City. The program will investigate how the brain functions and malfunctions.Some interesting topics that will be discussed are dreaming, memory and depression. Computers will be used to make theexplanation easy to follow. The show is not for children but don’t worry. It’s not i ntended for scientists, either. I think the program will be very helpful with the work we are doing in class onthe brain. I hope you’ll watch it. Remember it’s on stJanuary 1.Questions:11. Who is the speaker? st12. What will be broadcast on television on January 1?13. What will be the main purpose of the show?The most obvious purpose of advertising is to inform the consumer of available services. The second purpose is to sellthe product. To the manufactures the second purpose might be more important. They try to persuade customers to buy theproduct by creating a desire for it.In general, many purchases are rational, or carefully thought out. People usually consider the economy andconvenience when they are buying a product. At other times, the reason behind a purchase may not be clear to a consumer.Consumers may be influenced by an advertisement on TV showing a sports hero using the product. They may want to copythe hero by using the product and so choose it.Of course, need remains the most important reason for buying something. Food is a real need, but what about thesugar-coated breakfast food advertised on TV? It’s neither necessary nor nutritious. What causes the shopper to buy this product? Most likely it is an emotional motive.Knowing the reasons behind decisions to buy things makes you a wiser shopper. A person should try to become a moreintelligent and rational consumer, one who spends what is worth spending.Questions:14. To the manufactures, what’s the main purpose of a dvertising?15. What do most consumers do before buying a product?16. If you know the reason behind decisions to buy things, what will you do?Section C Longer Conversations( A )M: Are you studying here?W: Yes, I’m studying in the East Asia Langu ages Department. M: What are you majoring in?W: I’m majoring in Japanese.M: Is it difficult to learn?W: Yes, the language is hard to learn, but it’s interesting. M: Do you know anything about the country?W: Yes, I’m reading a lot of books about Jap an. I like its culture. It’s quite different from ours. M: Yes, it is. It’s important to learn the culture of a nation if you want to learn its language well. W: You are right.M: Do you want to do business or to teach in that country? W: I’m working in a company that does a lot of business with Japan. M: Oh, I see. Good luck, then.( B )M: Next. Your passport, please.W: Okay. Here you are.M: Uh, what is the purpose of your visit?W: I’m here to attend a business conference for the first part of my trip, and then I plan on touringthe capital for a few days.M: And where will you be staying?W: I’ll be staying at a hotel downtown for the entire week. M: And uh, what do you have in your luggage?W: Well, just, just my personal belongings um, ... Clothes, a few books, a camera and a computer.M: Okay. Well, please open your bag.W: Sure.M: Okay ... Everything is fine. Uh, by the way, is this your first visit to the country? W: Well, yes.M: I’m sure you will like our country. Enjoy your trip.W: Thanks.。
2015届上海市虹口区高三英语一模
虹口区2014学年度第一学期高三年级英语学科期终教学质量监控测试卷2015.1第I 卷(共103分)I. Listening ComprehensionII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Don’t Take the Fun Out of Youth SportsWhen I joined a private football league a few years ago, the sport meant everything to me. My coach said that I had lots of potential(潜力), and I became captain of my team. That was before all the fun __25__(take) out of playing.At first, everyone on the team got equal playing time. Then the team moved up to the top division after winning all its games, and the pressure started. Some parents, who __26__(pay) the coach extra __27__return for their daughters‟ private one-on-one training, got angry when she didn't give them more playing time in our matches. The coach was replaced. The new coach, however, took all the fun out of the game: All we did during practice was run. We ran so much that, afterwards, we had trouble __28__(breathe). Younger people shouldn‟t be doing exercises __29__(design) for 18-year-olds.I was very thin before I started football, but as a member of this team I wouldn't eat much, because I thought to __30__ that I was afraid of being too full to run. Finally, I ended up leaving the football team. Four other girls did the same, and two of __31__ stopped playing football completely. That's sad because they had so much potential. They were just burned-out with all the pressure they felt from the coach or their parents.I continued playing football at school and rediscovered my love for it. I joined a private team and the coach told me I needed to relax because I looked nervous. After I calmed down, I played better. When you enjoy something, it's a lot __32__(easy) to do it well.(B)How to Be a WinnerSteven Redgrave -- Winner of 5 Olympic Gold Medals“In 2012 I was found to have developed lung disease．__33__(believe) my career was over, I felt extremely low．Then one of the specialists said there was no reason why I should stop training and competing．That was it -- the encouragement I needed．I could still be a winner __34__ __34__ __34__ I believed in myself．I am not saying that it isn‟t difficult sometimes．But I wanted to prove to myself that hard __35__ the condition was, I wasn‟t finished yet. Nothing is to stand in my way.”Karen Pickering -- Swimming World Champion“I swim 4 hours a day, 6 days a week. I manage that sort of workload by putting it on top of my diary．This is the key to success -- you __36__ not bear follow a career in any field without being well-organized．List __37__ you believe you can achieve. Trust yourself, write down your goals for the day, however small they are, and you‟ll be a step closer to achieving them.”Kirsten Best -- Poet ＆Writer“When things are getting hard, a voice inside my head tells me that I can‟t achieve something. Then, there are other distractions(干扰), such as family or hobbies．The key is to concentrate，__38__ helps a lot to repeat words such as …calm‟, …peace‟ or …focus‟, either out loud or silent ly in my mind when I feel tense. It makes me __39__(feel) more in control and increases my confidence. This is a habit that can become second nature quite easily and is __40__ powerful psychological(心理的) tool.”Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. involvedB. figuresC. inevitablyD. initiatedE. appointedF. averageG. transformed H. reasonable I. remarkably J. indications K. chargeLong after the 2010 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still criticizing the unfair refereeing (裁判) decisions that denied victory to their team. A researcher was __41__ to study the performance of some top referees(裁判).The researcher organized experimental matches which __42__ four youth teams. Each match lasted an hour, divided into three periods of 20 minutes during which different referees were in __43__.Observers noted down the referees' errors, of which there were 61 over the matches. When __44__ into a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a(n) __45__ high number.The researcher then studied the videotapes to have a detailed analysis of the matches, and __46__ are that the errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident. When the officials got it right, they were, on average, 17 meters away from the action. The average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters. The research __47__ show that the best distance is about 20 meters.There also seemed to be an __48__ speed. Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2 meters per second. The __49__ speed for errors was 4 meters per second.If FIFA, football's international ruling body, wants to improve the standard of refereeing at the World Cup, referees should be __50__ into the rule of keeping their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rushing to keep up with the ball, the researcher argues.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The most exciting kind of education is also the most personal. Nothing is beyond the joy of discovering for yourself something that is a big __51__ to you. It may be an idea or a bit of information you come across accidentally -- or a sudden insight, fitting together pieces of information or working through a problem. Such personal __52__ are the "payoff" in education. A teacher may direct you to learning and even __53__ you in it -- but no teacher can make the excitement or the joy happen. That is __54__ you.A research paper, assigned in a course and perhaps checked at __55__ stages by an instructor, leads you beyond classrooms, beyond the texts for classes and into a(n) __56__ where the joy of discovery and learning can come to you many times. Preparing the research paper is an active and individual process, and __57__ learning process. It provides a structure within which you can make exciting discoveries, of knowledge and of self, that are basic to education. But the research paper also gives you a chance to individualize a school assignment, to __58__ a piece of work to your own interests and abilities, to show others what you can do. Writing a research paper is __59__ just a classroom exercise. It is an experience in searching out,understanding and synthesizing(综合), which forms the __60__ of many skills applicable to both academic and non-academic tasks. It is, in the fullest sense, a discovering education. So, to produce a good research paper is both a useful and a __61__ satisfying experience!To some, the thought of having to write an __62__ number of pages, often more than ever produced before, is disturbing. To others, the very idea of having to work independently is __63__. But there is no need to approach the research paper assignment with __64__, and nobody is supposed to view the research paper as an obstacle that is impossible to overcome. __65__, consider it a goal to accomplish, a goal within reach and you will find great pleasure in it.51. A. mistake B. deal C. plan D. challenge52. A. behaviours B. opportunities C. encounters D. entertainments53. A. encourage B. assess C. emphasize D. affect54. A. familiar to B. suitable for C. considerate of D. dependent on55. A. similar B. unbelievable C. flexible D. various56. A. outcome B. process C. achievement D. position57. A. ideal B. complicated C. competitive D. casual58. A. devote B. lead C. suit D. adopt59. A. no more than B. less than C. none other than D. more than60. A. evidence B. basis C. impression D. experience61. A. hardly B. skilfully C. thoroughly D. vividly62. A. assigned B. limited C. established D. fixed63. A. inspiring B. rewarding C. frightening D. threatening64. A. anxiety B. interest C. excitement D. embarrassment65. A. Furthermore B. Instead C. However D. ThereforeSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)PEOPLE NOBLE SMUGGLERThis Thursday, Irena Sendler will be honoured for her work as a smuggler（偷运者）.During World WarⅡ, the Polish social worker smuggled nearly2,500 Jewish children outof the Warsaw ghetto（聚居区）. She gave them new identities, found them safe places withgood-hearted Christians, and kept the children‟s real names buried in jars in herneighbours‟ gardens.（The play, Life in a Jar, based on her story, is being performed.）At 93,Sendler lives in a Warsaw nursing home and is too weak to travel to Washington D.C., toreceive the 2003 Jan Karski Award for Valorand Compassion from the American Center ofPolish Culture. One of the children she saved will accept the award for her.You risked your life to save the children.I was taught by my father that when someone is drowning, you don‟t ask if they can swim，you just jump in and help. During the war, everyone was drowning, but mostly the Jewish children.How did you persuade parents to give up their children？I had to answer honestly that I didn‟t even know if we would get past the guards.What was the most frightening moment？When I saw a priest（牧师）in charge of an orphan age for Jewish children in the ghetto walk with themout to be killed. The children were in then best Sunday suits. The priest was killed with them.How did you get the children to behave as you smuggled them out？I told the older children to act as if they were sick and sometimes gave the younger ones a sleeping pill. They were told to remember their new names. I also told the children to tell guards they had only been visiting a servant in the ghetto and were going back to their real homes outside.Did you tell your own two children what you did？I never told them. Only when my daughter went to Israel did she learn all about me. I thought it was only normal to do so. And it was a very painful subject. It was always on my mind that I couldn‟t do more.——Samantha Levine66. We can learn from the passage that Irena Sendler ________.A. will go to Washington to accept the award with her daughterB. was caught a few times while she was rescuing the Jewish childrenC. told those parents that their children's lives would be guaranteedD. saved thousands of Jewish children at the risk of her ownlife67. The expression “everyone was drowning” can best be replaced by“______”.A. everyone was involved in the warB. all the people were drownedC. all the people were facing danger and deathD. Jewish children were being killed68. Which of the following could NOT be expected when Sendler was smuggling the Jewish children？A. The children pretended to be brothers and sisters from one big family.B. Some children pretended to be returning home after visiting servants in the ghetto.C. The children were asked to remember and use new names instead of real ones.D. Some children were told to pretend to be sick in front of the guards.69. Which of the following is best for the blank in the title?A. DISASTER SURVIVORB. NOBLE SMUGGLERC. AWARD RECEIVERD. SECRET DEFENDER(B)70. LIPITOR is a medicine _____.A. specially designed for young kidsB. to cure serious liver problemsC. that can lower the risk for heart attackD. for mothers-to-be to lower cholesterol 71. Which of the following is most likely to be a bad sign for LIPITOR takers?A. Drinking alcohol twice a day.B. Changes in medical tests.C. Discomfort and ache in muscles.D. Feeling tired after a day's work. 72. If it has been over 12 hours since you missed a dose, you should _______.A. change the amount of your next doseB. take the next dose at your regular timeC. have a dose as soon as you rememberD. eat more when taking your next dose73. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?LIPITOR atorvastatin calcium tabletsWHO IS LIPITOR FOR? Who can take LIPITOR:• People who cannot lower their cholesterol (胆固醇) enough with diet and exercise • Adults and children over 10Who should NOT take LIPITOR:• Wo men who are pregnant, may be pregnant, or may become pregnant. LIPITOR may harm your unborn baby. If you become pregnant, stop LIPITOR and call your doctor right away• Women who are breast -feeding. LIPITOR can pass into your breast milk and may harm your baby• People with liver problems or allergic (过敏的) to anything in LIPITORHOW TO TAKE LIPITOR Do:• Take LIPITOR at any time of day, with or without food• If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. But if it has been more than 12 hours since your missed dose, wait. Take the next dose at your regular time Don’t:• Do not change or stop your dose before talking to your doctor• Do not give your LIPITOR to other people. It may harm them even if your problems are the samePOSSIBLE SIDE EFFECTS OF LIPITOR Serious side effects in a small number of people:• Muscle problems that can lead to kidney problems, including kidney failure. Your chance for muscle problems is higher if you take certain other medicines with LIPITOR • Liver problem s. Your doctor may do blood tests to check your liver before you start LIPITOR and while you are taking itCall your doctor right away if you have: • Unexplained muscle weakness or pain, especially if you have a fever or feel very tired• Allergic react ions including swelling (肿胀) of the face, lips, tongue, and/or throat that may cause difficulty in breathing or swallowing which may require treatment right away• Nausea, vomiting, or stomach pain • Feeling more tired than usual• Your skin and the whit es of your eyes turn yellow• Allergic skin reactionsCommon side effects of LIPITOR are: • Diarrhea （腹泻） • Muscle and joint pain • Upset stomach• Changes in some blood testsNEED MORE INFORMATION?• Ask your doctor or health care provider • Go to It was a horrible feeling; I was having a heart attack. Now I ’mexercising, watching my diet, and trust my heart to LipitorA. LIPITOR should never be taken with other food at the same time.B. Skipping is the best choice for those who have missed one dose.C. Recommendation is encouraged if one feels LIPITOR to be good.D. People can consult the professionals for details of the medicine.(C)In Japan many workers for large corporations have a guarantee of lifetime employment. They will not be laid off during recessions(经济萧条) or when the tasks they perform are taken over by robots. To some observes, this is capitalism at its best, because workers are treated as people not things. Others see it as necessarily inefficient and believe it cannot continue if Japan is to remain competitive with foreign corporations more concerned about profits and less concerned about people.Defenders of the system argue that those who call it inefficient do not understand how it really works. In the first place not every Japanese worker has the guarantee of a lifetime job. The lifetime employment system includes only “regular employees”. Many employees do not fall into this category, including all women. All businesses have many part-time and temporary employees. These workers are hired and laid off during the course of the business cycle just as employees in the United States are. These “irregular workers” make up about 10 percent of the nonagricultural work force. Additionally, Japanese firms maintain some flexibility through the extensive use of subcontractors(分包单位). This practice is much more common in Japan than in the United States.The use of both subcontractors and temporary workers has increased markedly in Japan since the 1974-1975 recession. All this leads some to argue that the Japanese system is not all that different from the American system. During recessions Japanese corporations lay off temporary workers and give less business to subcontractors. In the United States, corporations lay off those workers with the least seniority(资历). The difference then is probably less than the term “lifetime employment” suggests, but there still is a difference. And this difference cannot be understood without looking at the values of Japanese society. The relationship between employer and employee cannot be explained in purely contractual(合同的) terms. Firms hold on to the employees and employees stay with one firm. There are also practical reasons for not jumping from job to job. Most retirement benefits come from the employer. Changing jobs means losing these benefits. Also, teamwork is an essential part of Japanese production. Moving to a new firm means adapting to a different team and at least temporarily, lower productivity and lower pay.74. According to the passage, a woman in Japan _______.A. cannot get a lifetime jobB. is impossible to get a part time jobC. will be employed for lifeD. is among the regular workers75. Which of the following is NOT the reason why Japanese workers stay with one firm?A. they don‟t want to lose their retirement benefits.B. they are not adaptable people.C. any change of jobs will make them less paid.D. they get used to the teamwork.76. It can be inferred from the passage that _______.A. those who want to change jobs frequently in Japan should think twiceB. those who are first laid off by American corporations are temporary workersC. the use of subcontractors makes Japanese firms less flexibleD. the Japanese system is totally different from the American system77. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. The extremely hard situation during recessions.B. The extensive use of subcontractors in Japan.C. The characteristics of corporations in the United States.D. The features of lifetime employment in Japan.Section CDirections:Read the following passage and then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.All of us rely on what we see. We say to ourselves，“I know，I was there; I saw it happen”and that seems to settle the matter. Or does it? Can we really trust the evidence of our eyes?Take competitive sports. Fans who see the same game will not agree with each other and will the disagree with the referee（裁判）.“He was out of bounds when he caught the pass，”says one fan. Says another，“You are crazy. I saw it with my own eyes. He was five feet in bounds. You must be blind.”The referee rules that the receiver did step out of bounds. But thousands of fans are still not convinced—because they were there!It's the same story in the courtroom. Trial(审判) procedure depends on witnesses giving sworn testimony(证词). But just how reliable is the testimony of a person who reports what he has seen? In a recent study，ten thousand witnesses were asked to describe the man they saw commit a crime. The study reveals that ，on the average，the witnesses overestimated the man s height by five inches，his age by eight years，and gave the wrong hair colour in83percent of the cases. These witnesses didn‟t play tricks on them!What can we do to keep error to a minimum? First of all, don‟t let your emotions interfere with your vision. Don‟t see something because you want to see it. Secondly，try to stay relaxed. If you are tense，you are likely to see red when the colour is blue. And finally，it helps to make notes of what you see. Don‟t rely on your memory alone. Take pictures，make recordings，and use any other aid to reduce distortion（歪曲）.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)78. The reason why fans disagree with each other at sports events is that few of them ___________.79. The word “them” in Para. 3 refers to _________________.80. What are the other two solutions to keeping visual error to minimum besides not letting your emotionsinterfere with your vision?81. It can be inferred from the passage that the author takes sports events and courtroom as examples in orderto illustrate ____________?第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 我从未想到我校篮球队会在决赛中败北。
高三英语上海各区一模翻译题汇编含答案
高三英语上海各区一模翻译题汇编含答案2 0 1 9 上海英语各区一模卷句子翻译汇编虹口区72、他刚要关电脑，就在这时手机响了。
(when)73、他将代表全班同学在新年晚会上向老师们表示真诚的感谢。
(on behalf of)74、我们付出的每一次努力末必都能成功，但是但凡值得我们做的事情都值得做好。
(worth)75、不只是一个人的日常言谈举止，就连他目前正在读的那本书都清楚地向我们表明了他是一个怎样的人。
(as well as) Translation72 He was about to turn off/shut down the computer when the mobile phone rang.73 On behalf of the whole class / all his classmates, he will express / show /extend sincere gratitude/thanks to the teachers at the New Year' s party.74 Every effort that we make can /may not be successful, but whatever is worth our /us doing is worth our /us doing well.75 The book a person is reading at present as well as his daily words and deeds /actions clearly indicates/ shows / suggests what kinds of person he is .静安区72. 您可联系校办公室了解更多信息。
（contact）73. 玛丽迫不及待地要使用刚下载的软件。
（wait）74. 维生素片能否替代食物为我们提供足够能量仍然未知。
上海高考一模英语翻译全部(含答案)
2016一模翻译I. Translation（杨浦）Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.为了赶时髦，一些年轻人花费一个月的工资去购买新发行的电子产品。
（spend）2.人们理所当然地认为颜值高的人更有可能受到雇主的青睐。
（grant）3.网购存在风险，因此下单之前的深思熟虑有助于避免不必要的损失。
（exist）4.消息传来在新西兰发生地震后，中国政府立即租用直升机实施救援，为此国人感到十分自豪。
（Word）Translation1.To follow the fashion, some young people spend one-month salary in buying anewly-released electronic product.2.It’s taken for granted that those with good physical appearance are morelikely to be favored by their employers.3.There exist risks in online shopping, so careful consideration before placingan order can help avoid unnecessary losses.4.Word came that the Chinese government rented helicopters to rescue victims/carry out rescue operations immediately after the earthquake hit New Zealand, which made Chinese people very proud.V.Translation （徐汇）Direction: Translate the following sentences into English ,using the words given in the brackets.72.我以为你会和我一起乘高铁去北京（think）73.每月她都会留出一部分钱以备不时之需。
上海市各区2015-2016年高三英语一模汇编----选词填空-老师版(已经校对)
Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.John Nash, a Nobel Prize winner and mathematical genius whose struggle with mental illness was documented in the Oscar-winning film “A Beautiful Mind”, was killed in a car accident on Saturday. He was 86. The accident __41__ when the taxi Nash was traveling in ran into another car on the New Jersey Turnpike. Neither of the two drivers involved in the accident underwent life-__42__ injuries.At Princeton, Nash published a 27-page essay about the field of game theory, which led to __43__ in economics, international politics, and evolutionary biology. His signature solution found that competition among two opponents is not necessarily governed by zero-sum logic. Two opponents can, for instance, each achieve their maximum __44__ through cooperating with the other, or gain nothing at all by refusing to cooperate. This simple understanding is now regarded as one of the most important social science ideas in the 20th century, and a proof to his almost unique __45__ gifts.But in the late 1950s, Nash began a slide into mental illness and each therapy failed to cure him, and for much of the next three decades, Nash __46__ freely on the Princeton campus, scratching his hands on empty blackboards and staring blankly ahead in the library. Robert Wright remembers Nash as “some math genius that went crazy” who wore colorful shoes and quietly watched people. His mental illness removed him __47__ from his work. By the time Nash was awarded the Nobel Prize in Economics in 1994, he hadn’t published a paper in 36 years.But like a child cured of a terrible dream by the switch of a light, Nash recovered from his illness seemingly by choosing not to be sick anymore. Five years later, the __48__ of the film “A Beautiful Mind”, based on Sylvia Nasar’s 1998 book of thesame name, expanded Nash’s __49__ life story to an international audience. He continued to work, travel, and speak at conferences for the rest of his life.It’s tempting to wonder what Nash might have __50__, had mental illness not robbed him of so many productive years. “Because the ideas I had about super natural beings came to me the same way that my mathematical ideas did,” said Nash. “So I took them seriously.”Keys:41. D 42. I 43. B 44. F 45. C 46. A 47. K 48. H 49. E 50. JDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Chinese traders were recorded as making voyages to the north coast of Australia from the 1750s, but were probably visiting Australia long before. Chinese men arrived in Australia in small numbers after the 1788 British settlement as free settlers and criminals. A small population grew rapidly after 1848 under a system of indentured （契约的）labour, after China had __41__ its ports to foreign trade in 1842. They worked in rural New South Wales as cooks, farm labourers and etc.Indentured Chinese __42__ worked in all colonies variously as station hands, plantation workers, miners, on public works, cabinet makers, personal servants and in laundries. Most came from the south-eastern provinces of Guangdong and Fujian.Due to labour __43__ in West Australia, the Colonial Government organized Chinese contract labour between 1847 and 1898, most working as labourers, cooks and gardeners. Many Chinese people came from rural backgrounds and brought with them __44__ and water management skills. By 1885, there were 54 Chinese market gardens in Sydney. By 1901, 67% of New South Wales market gardeners were Chinese.Gold rushes in Victoria in the 1850s and New South Wales in the 1860s significantly __45__ the population of Chinese immigrants in Australia; about 45,000 prospectors arrived in Victoria alone in 1854-58. Numbers continued to increase as gold and other __46__ were discovered in Queensland, Northern Territory and Tasmania.When mining became less __47__, many Chinese people worked successfully to provide goods and services such as furniture making, market gardening, fishing and, particularly, store-keeping including the import and export of goods from overseas. Chinese goods, especially tea, silk, vegetables, herbs and other spices were highlysought after items of trade by non-Chinese people. Tea rooms, importing and selling many varieties of tea, were very popular. Chinese silk was turned into __48__ evening wear and cloaks by Chinese tailors and seamstresses.Today there is a culturally diverse Chinese __49__ in Australia with links to south-eastern China as well as Vietnam and Hong Kong. The Chinese communities in Australia are brought together every year by __50__ of Lunar New Year.Keys:41-45 KGEBH 46-50 ACJIFDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.SEATTLE—For the more than 10 million Americans with colorblindness, there’s never been a treatment, let alone a cure, for the condition that leaves them unable to distinguish certain colors.Now, for the first time, two University of Washington professors have teamed with a California biotech firm to develop what they say may be a ___41___: a single shot in the eye that can reveal the world in full color.Jay and Maureen Neitz, who have studied the vision disorder for years, have found a new way to deliver genes that can replace missing color-producing proteins in certain cells, called cones, in the eyes.The trouble will ___42___ when people are born without one or more of the three types of color-sensing proteins normally present in the cones of the retina（视网膜）. The most common type is red-green colorblindness, followed by blue-yellow colorblindness. A very small proportion of the population is ___43___ colorblind, seeing only shades of gray.Colorblindness is often a/an ___44___ disorder. It affects mostly men, who can inherit a mutation(变异) on the X chromosome（染色体）that weakens their perception of red and green. A much smaller part of cases are in women, who have two X chromosomes, which gives them a better chance of avoiding effects of any genetic imperfection.Most people think of colorblindness as a/an ___45___ or disability, mainly causing problems with unmatched shirts and socks. But the Neitzes say the condition can have profound impacts—limiting choices for education or careers, making driving dangerous, and forcing continual ___46___ to a world designed for color vision.“There are an awful lot of people who feel like their life is ___47___ because they don’t see color,” said Jay Neitz,61, a professor, who confirmed in 1989 that dogs are colorblind, too.People may not ___48___ as commercial pilots, for instance, if they’re colorblind. Other careers that can be ___49___ include those of chefs, decorators, electricians and house painters, all of which require detailed color vision.Undoubtedly, the Neitzes’ findings have brought great benefits to those who are born unable to distinguish between red and green. But that technique is ___50___, requiring surgery, so the Neitzes are looking for another way to do the job.Keys41. B 42. I 43. K 44. D 45. H 46. C 47. G 48. J 49. E 50. ADirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.When young people begin to live independently, home-hunting can involve some stress. But they would do well to remember that a new 41 is available—micro-homes.Fondly called “tiny houses,” these houses have all living necessities in a small package, including kitchen, bedroom and bathroom. Generally under 50 square meters, most tiny houses 42 just one or two people though some claim the space for more. What’s lost in size is not lost in design as these homes are often quite unique and modern in design.Besides an attractive appearance, tiny houses can also 43 unique practical features. Making the best of urban space, the 72-to 122-centimeter-wide Keret House in Warsaw, the world’s narrowest home, filled in an alley (小巷). The sample home Ecocapsule uses solar power, wind power and rainwater collection to enable its owner to live practically anywhere. A system of rails allows the DALE micro-home to 44 room size and number as well as adding the option of an open or 45 courtyard.As visually 46 as micro-homes are, there are a few disadvantages to consider before getting comfortable on a minicouch. Moving into a tiny house requires the 47 of most non-essentials, no matter the emotional connection to them. Guests will also mostly be out of the question as the limited space may even cause a(n) 48 individual to experience some cabin fever. And finally, a micro-home is likely a temporary living option for most people since they will probably start families and acquire more 49 .Though the limitation will scare some, there is usually a benefit. A small size results in a small price tag and small bills, making tiny houses easier to save up for and 50 . And though you won’t have much stuff around the house, this can provide the comfort of simple living and maintenance. Micro-homes are also practically mobile and claim eco-friendliness that can’t be matched by other homes. They probably aren’t f or everyone or forever, but when it comes to your next (or first) home, they could be just what you need.Keys:41-45 BACIF 46-50 JEKHDFive【20161徐汇区】Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. deliveryB. alternativeC. enormouslyD. floatingE. analyzedF. processG. determine H. visible I. messy J. disturbingly K. patternsEveryone knows that the Internet has changedhow business operate, governments function andpeople live. However, a new, less 41 technological trend is just as transformative: “big data.” Big data starts with the fact that there is a lot more information 42 around these days than ever before and it is being put to extraordinary new uses.Consider language translation, for example. When IBM first started to work on machine translation in the 1990s, it just fed a small number of high-quality translation into a computer and programmed it to infer which word in one language is the best 43 for another. Although this 44 revolutionized the task of translation, the result was far from being perfect. Then, in 2006, Google burst in. Instead of millions of pages of texts, the search giant 45 billions, from corporate websites to documents in every language from the European Union. The result is that its translations are much better than IBM’s were and it covers 65 languages. Large amounts of 46 data defeated small amounts of cleaner data.Another good example of how big data can be 47 helpful is online shopping. Using data collected from customer shopping habits, today, Amazon can 48 who is most likely to purchase what and when. Details such as your history and wish list help the company gain a glimpse (一瞥) into your interests. Goods will then be dispatched to a logistics center(物流中心) near you and get packed before you even order, meaning that when you do make an online purchase, same-day 49 would be possible.With big data, instead of trying to understand exactly why an engine breaks down or why a drug’s side effect disappears, researchers can instead collect and analyze massive quantities of information about such events and everything that is associated with them, looking for 50 that might help predict future occurrences.Big data answers not why but what. Finally, it will mark the moment when the “information society” finally fulfills the promise implied by its name.KEYS:41. H 42. D 43. B 44. F 45. E 46. I 47. C 48. G 49. A 50. KSection BDogs Used to Be More Like CatsResearchers studying fossils (化石) of the early ancestors of dogs that lived up to 40 million years ago believe the predators(捕食性动物) evolved as a direct consequence of climate change. The study claims the (41)______ transformed man’s best friend from a creature that behaved more like a cat, into the canine (犬) we know and love today.Ancestors of dogs living in North America 40 million years ago were ambush (伏击式) predators—in a(n) (42)______ way to cats’. But a million years later, the thick forest that once covered the continent began to give way to grasslands. This led to a(n) (43)______ in the body shape and hunting behavior of dogs, turning them into animals that no longer (44)______ their prey (猎物), but chased it down instead.This evolutionary transition was (45)______ by the scientists who examined the elbows and teeth of 32 species of dogs that lived between 40 million and two million years ago.“The elbow is a really good (46)______ of what carnivores (食肉动物) are doing with their forelimbs (前肢), which tells their entire (47)______ abilities,” said Brown University’s Christine Janis, who led the study.The research was based on an analysis of fossil specimens (标本) in the American Museum of Natural History in New York. It suggests dog evolution was directly related to climate change. After all, it was not (48)______ to operate as a pursuit-and-pounce predator until there was room to run.If predators evolved with climate change over the last 40 million years, the authors argue they may continue to (49)______ in response to the present globalwarming trend. In this way, the results of the study could help (50)______ how animals may look in the future.KEYS41-45 CIGKF 46-50 ADJEBSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. purchasesB. agriculturalC. narrowD. pouringE. deliveredF. coincideG. dedicatedH. calculatingI. en thusiastsJ. salesK. prioritiesAlibaba Group Holding Ltd said on Thursday that it will create another online shopping event in the next two months to tap further into rural consumption.The e-commerce giant, which generated a gross merchandise volume of 91.2 billion yuan ($14.3 billion) in the 24-hour sales event on Wednesday, said it will hold a similar festival to __41__ with the upcoming Spring Festival in February.Zhang Yong, chief executive officer of Alibaba, said like urban residents, many rural consumers have also become online shopping __42__. "The soon-to-be-launched shopping event will better serve rural consumers and bring more __43__ products to the dining tables of urban consumers," he said.The Hangzhou-based firm said the Spring Festival event will be launched by its customer-to-customer site Taobao and its Rural Taobao business unit, which is __44__ to online shoppers in rural areas.Sun Lijun, vice-president of Alibaba who is in charge of Rural Taobao, said the Spring Festival shopping gala will help __45__ the gap between urban and rural consumers."We want villagers to celebrate Lunar Chinese New Year with seafood from New Zealand and wine from France. That said, we also want urban residents to enjoy high-quality fresh produce __46__ directly to their doorsteps," he said.Alibaba has mad e globalization and going-rural its top __47__ for further development. Last year, it said it will invest 10 billion yuan over the next three to five year s to provide e-commerce services in about 100,000 villages.Rural shoppers proved their buying power by __48__ more than 10 million yuanin the first eight minutes of the Nov 11 online shopping festival. People in 8,000 villages participated in the 24-hour __49__ on Wednesday. The most expensive order of the day was an order for a Porsche at about 500,000 yuan.Alibaba didn't disclose the specific __50__ made by rural shoppers, but said that items such as TV sets, air conditioners, shampoos and oil were very popular in villages.…KEYS:41-50FIBGC EKDJADirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.We are familiar with pop culture, but what is peep culture? In pop culture, we turn on the TV and watch our favouritecelebrities __41__ us with their performances. In peep cult ure, we turn on the computer, we move through people’s lives on reality TV, blogs, Face book and You Tube. Instead of getting our entertainment from scripted performances, we get our entertainment from peeping into other people’s lives. It can be friends a nd family. But it’s just likely to be people we have never met from around the world.Suddenly, we spend all of our time __42__ other people. And we also invite them to watch us! People __43__ themselves to get attention and to feel like they are part of a community. In peep culture, ordinary people are turned into celebrities.This has never happened before, turning the spotlight on __44__regular people. There aren’t secrets anymore. The notion of private life has changed.As society has become __45__ fast-paced, most of us are really unaware of these changes in our lives. We are moving into a time when our __46__ personality is going to be more important than our actual physical __47__. What we have online is going to be more important than what we do offline. We are now socially judged by our virtual profiles.In the age of “ peep culture, ” a tell-all, show-all, know-all digital phenomenon is __48__ changing notions of privacy, individuality, security, and even humanity. Susan Boyle became a(n) __49__ celebrity because of peep culture. The entire world was staring at her after her __50__ from a resident of a small Scottish town to a global celebrity. We like the story because she’s like a movie,but she’s real.Keys:41-45 CHGKD 46-50 JFBEIDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.As further proof that you can now 3D-print anything, a company called Natural Machines has introduced a 3D printer for food.The “Foodini”, as it’s called, isn’t too different from a regular 3D printer, but instead of printing with plastics, it prints eatable ingredients 41 out of steel capsules(容器): “It’s the same technology,” says Lynette Kucsma, co-founder of Natural Mac hines, “but with plastics there’s just one42 point, while with food it has different temperatures and consistencies (粘稠度). Also, 43works a little bit against us, as food doesn’t hold the shape as well as plastic.”At the Web Summit technology conference in Dublin, the Barcelona-based startup is showing off the machine, which it says is the only one of its kind capable of printing a wide range of dishes.“In fact, this is a mini food manufacturing plant 44 down to the size of an oven,” Kucsma s aid, pointing out that at least in the initial stage the printer will be 45 mostly at professional kitchen users, with a consumer version to follow.In principle, the Foodini sounds like the final 46 aid: press a button to print your food. But Natu ral Machines is quick to point out that it’s designed to take care only of the difficult and 47parts of food preparation that discourage people from cooking at home, and that it promotes healthy eating by requiring fresh ingredients prepared before printing.Nevertheless, the company is working with major food manufacturers to createpre-packaged plastic capsules that can just be loaded into the machine to make food, even though they assure these will be free of preservatives, with a shelf life 48 to five days.The printing process is slow, but faster than regular 3D printing. Other than being capable of creating complex designs, the Foodini can be useful for recipes that require accuracy and skillfulness, like homemade pizza or filled pasta.Currently, the device only prints the food, which must be then cooked as usual. But a(n) 49model will also cook the preparation and produce it ready to eat.The idea also comes with a social 50 too. “There’s a touchscreen on the front that connects to a recipe site in the cloud, so it’s an internet-of-things, connected kitchen appliance,” said Kucsma. Users will also be able to control the device remotely using a smartphone, and share their recipes with the community.Keys:41-45 DGEAI 46-50 BKCJHDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Being sociable looks like a good way to add years to your life. Relationships with family, friends, neighbours, even pets, will all do the trick, but the biggest longevity (长寿) boost seems to come from marriage or a(n) __41__ relationship. The effect was first __42__ in 1858by William Farr, who wrote that widows (寡妇)and widowers were at a much higher risk of dying than their married peers. Studies since then suggest that marriage could add as much as seven years to a man’s life and two to a woman’s. The effects __43__ for all causes of death, whether illness, accident or self-harm.Even if the odds are stacked against you, marriage can more than compensate. Linda Waite of the University of Chicago has found that a married older man with heart disease can __44__ to live nearly four years longer than an unmarried man with a healthy heart. Likewise, a married man who smokes more than a pack a day is likely to live as long as a div orced man who doesn’t smoke. There’s a flip side, however, as partners are more likely to become ill or die in the couple of years following their spouse’s death, and caring for a spouse with mental disorder can leave you with some of the same __45__ problems. Even so, the odds favour marriage. In a 30-year study of more than 10,000 people, Nicholas Christakis of Harvard Medical School describes how all kinds of social networks have similar effects.So how does it work? The effects are, __46__ affected by socio-economic factors, health-service provision, emotional support and other more physiological (生理的) mechanisms. For example, social contact can boost development of the brain and immune system, leading to better health and less chance of __47__ later in life. People in supportive relationships may __48__ stress better. Then there are the psychological benefits of a supportive partner.A life partner, children and good friends are all __49__ if you aim to live to 100. The ultimate social network is still being __50__ out, but Christakis says: “People are interconnected, so their health is interconnected.”KEYS:41-50: EJFDK BCIHGDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.In an experiment that exposed healthy volunteers to a cold or flu virus, researchers found that people with a generally sunny temper were less likely to fall ill.The findings were built on evidence that a "positive emotional style" can help to ___41___the common cold and other illnesses.Researchers believe the reasons may be both objective as in happiness ___42___ immune function and subjective as in happy people being less disturbed by a ___43___ throat or running nose."People with a positive emotional style may have active immune responses to the virus," explained lead study author Dr. Sheldon Cohen of Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh. "And when they do get a cold, they may ___44___ their illness as being less severe."Based on the previous study results, Cohen and his colleagues have been ___45___certain that pleasant people are, for most cases, less likely to catch a cold, but some questions rema ined as to whether a person’s___46___itself brings about the effect.For the new study, the researchers had 193 healthy adults complete standard measures of personality tendency, self-___47___ health and emotional "style." Those who tended to be happy, energetic and easy-going were judged as having a positive emotional style, while those who were often unhappy, tense and opposed had a negative style.The researchers gave them nasal(鼻子的) drops ___48___ either a cold virus or a particular flu virus. Over the next six days, the volunteers reported on any aches, pains, or other symptoms they experienced, while the researchers collected ___49___,like daily mucus(唾液) production. Cohen and his colleagues found that based on objective analysis of nose___50___, happy people were less likely to develop a cold.Keys:41-45 HGADI 46-50 KEBFCSection BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.You never see him, but they’re with you every time you fly. They record where you are going, how fast you’re traveling and whether everything on your airplane is(承受) almost any 42 makes them seem like something out of a magic book. They’re known as the black box.When planes fall from the sky, as a Yemeni airliner did on its way to Comorosfive days later, the discovery marked a huge step toward determining the cause of a tragedy in which 152 passengers were killed.In 1958, Australian scientist David Warren developed a flight-memory recorder that would45 basic information like altitude and direction. That was the first mode for a black box, which became a requirement on all U.S. 46 flights by 1960. Early models often failed to withstand crashes, however, so in 1965 the box was completely redesigned and moved to the back of the plane—the area least affected by impact—from its 47 position in the landing wells (起落架舱). The same year, the Federal Aviation Authority required that the boxes, which were never 48black, be painted orange or yellow to aid visibility.Modern airplanes have two black boxes: a voice recorder, which is designed tofuel levels, engine noises and other operating functions that help investigators reconstruct the aircraft’s final moments. Placed in an insulated (隔绝的) case and surrounded by a quarter-inch-thick panels of stainless steel, the boxes can withstand huge 50 and temperatures up to 2,000℉. When in deep water, they’re also able to send signals from depths of 20,000 ft. Experts believe the boxes from Air France Flight 447, which crashed near Brazil on June 1,2009, are in water nearly that deep, but stat istics say they’re still likely to turn up. In the approximately 20 deep-sea crashes over the past 30 years, only one plane’s black boxes were never recovered.Keys:41---50: D J G A H C F E I BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.There’s nothing that will ruin your day faster than being stuck in a traffic jam all morning, and it’s even worse when there’s (41) ________ no reason for it. There’s a lot of interesting science behind traffic, though, and while understanding it might not make sitting in it any better, it can teach you how to avoid some of the mistakes we all make behind the wheel.1. The way we merge (合并) causes problemsWhether you’re merging from the left or the right, (42) ________ are good that you’re doing it wrong and causing all sorts of problems. When most people see that they need to merge, their first (43) ________ is to do it right away. They brake, slow down, speed up, and change lanes in between oncoming traffic. According to the Minnesota department of Transportation, that’s completely wrong. Sudden (44) ________ causes traffic to back up, a problem that’s made worse by sudden lane changes and other cars braking to (45) ________ the merging traffic.So what should you do? Exactly what you probably blame drivers for doing: waiting until the last minute. If you do that, traffic will fall into a more natural pattern called a “zipper merge”, meaning there are no surprises, no sudden braking, and a smoother transition from one lane to another, which cuts down on backups. This does, of course, rely on other drivers to let you in at the last minute and be polite enough not to cut you off, which causes all sorts of other problems.2. You are causing the traffic Jams you hate。
2015年上海奉贤区高三一模英语试卷-学生用卷
2015年上海奉贤区高三一模英语试卷-学生用卷一、语法填空1、【来源】 2015年上海奉贤区高三一模第1题Are you a bookworm?Do you love to read? Your teachers probably tell you how important reading is all the time. And guess what? They're right! Reading helps you in many ways beyond just1(be) able to read and get good grades in tests. Being an eager reader helps you become a good speller and writer. In fact, the more you read, the better you’ll do in all your subjects.Do you have friends who always have books in their hands? We bet they arecaught2(read) almost all the time. Sometimes those people who love reading and even collecting books are called bookworms. Is it really3they look like earthworms? No! So where did that nickname come from?The term “bookworm4(use) since the 1500s. Way back then, libraries did not have the modern air conditioning systems5(control)the environment6(surround) the books. As a result, some old libraries became musty and attracted various pests, some of which then took the form ofinsects and worms loving to eat paper and stay inside ofbooks,7hey would spend their entire lives. It was just natural to transfer the “bookworm” idea to humans who loved to consume books as much as these pests did.So if you see a trip to the library8an adventure and can’t wait to read a new book, you’re probably a bookworm. And that’s OK! You are not alone and there are millions and even billions of us in the world.2、【来源】 2015年上海奉贤区高三一模第2题The Sunken CityEgypt is famous for its giant pyramids rising in the desert, but some of the nation's treasures from the past are hidden underwater. It is on the ocean floor near Egypt's northerncoast1 a long-lost city of more than 2,700 years old lies. Now researchers are bringing its remains to the surface to share the sunken civilization with the world.Clues to the PastSome ancient texts describes a city called Heracleion,2was located at the mouth of the Nile River and disappeared beneath the waves 1,200 years ago. But for centuries, no one knew for sure if such3unbelievable city ever really existed. Then in 2000, Scientist Frank Goddio and his team discovered the ruins of the city. Since then, to uncover the city, they have been busy removing layers of sand, which had kept many of its treasurewell4(preserve). They've uncovered gold coins, jewelry, giant statues, ships and a sign. These items provide clues to help find out5life was like in Heracleion.Secret of the DeepBut so far, the sinking of this city remains a mystery. Goddio isn't sure how the city sank. He thinks that earthquakes or tidal waves6have caused it to fall into the sea. "Stories from long ago tell of other cities in this area disappearing because of eitheror7of those things," explains Goddio. With many of Heracleion's treasures still buried under the sea, it may be many years before all its secrets8(reveal). "We've barely scratched the surface with this city." another scientist Robinson says.二、选词填空3、【来源】 2015年上海奉贤区高三一模第3题With its wonderful Georgian and Victorian architecture, and winding medieval streets, it's easy to see why Edinburgh has been listed as a World Heritage Site.The1of Edinburgh is fascinating. Edinburgh Castle dominates the urban skyline, lying on the cliff of an ancient volcano right in the center of the city. Yet Edinburgh isnot2in the past. And neither is it all about bagpipes, shortbread, whisky and tartan.In fact, the city is one of the most vibrant, international cities in Europe andis3voted as one of the most desirable places to live in the world. The capital is4with arts, culture, sports and attractions and is famous for playing host to the world's largest arts festival. After dark Edinburgh has a lively nightlifewith5bars and pubs, restaurants, clubs and live entertainment to rival any European city.In Edinburgh, there's plenty of open space too, with a large number of public parks and green spaces6in the busy city center. For active types, there's a（n）7and varied choice of activities and sports in Edinburgh and thesurrounding area. Or if you just want to8your wallet, the capital is a great place to shop. This is a city that knows how to be both9and modern.The capital of Scotland is a great place to live and study in, with a wide range of theatres, galleries, clubs and shops to10, not to mention the plenty of arty bars and cafes.A. exploreB. extensiveC. regularlyD. filledE. exerciseF. ancientG. settingH. stuckI. rightJ. stylishK. basically三、完形填空4、【来源】 2015年上海奉贤区高三一模第4题Music produces profound and lasting changes in the brain. Schools should add music classes, not cut them. Nearly 20 years ago, a small study advanced the1that listening to Mozart’s Sonata(奏鸣曲) could boost mental functioning. It was notlong2trademarked “Mozart effect” products began to appeal to anxious parents aiming to put toddlers (刚学步的孩子) on the fast track to prestigious universities like Harvard and Yale. Georgia’s governor even3giving every newborn there a classical CD or cassette.The4for Mozart therapy turned out to be weak, perhaps nonexistent,although the5study never claimed anything more than a temporary and limited effect. In recent years,6, scientists haveexamined the benefits of a continuous effort to study and practice music, in contrast to playing a Mozart CD or a computer-based “brain fitness” game7in a while.Advanced monitoring8have enabled scientists to see what happens inside your head when you listen to your mother and actually practice the violin for an hour every afternoon. And they have found that music9can produce profound and lasting changes that10the general ability to learn. Thes e results should11public officials that music classes are not a mere decoration, ready for being given up in the budget crises that constantly troubles public schools.Studies have shown that12instrument training from an early age can help the brain to13sounds better, makingit14to stay focused when absorbing other subjects, from literature to mathematics. The musically experienced are better able to15 a biology lesson despite the noise in the classroom or, a few years later, to finish a call with a client when a colleague in the next office starts screaming a subordinate(下属). They can be engaged in several things at once, which is an essential skill in this era of multitasking.A. noticeB. noteC. ideaD. impressionA. thatB. untilC. sinceD. beforeA. proposedB. pushedC. submittedD. subjectedA. witnessB. evidenceC. symptomD. contextA. recentB. advancedC. originalD. latestA. howeverB. moreoverC. thenD. thereforeA. quiteB. onceC. oftenD. muchA. managementB. techniquesC. informationD. mechanicsA. subjectsB. modelsC. causesD. lessonsA. enhanceB. introduceC. ensureD. instructA. conveyB. convinceC. communicationD. concludeA. urgentB. casualC. diligentD. occasionalA. proceedB. processC. preferD. predictA. easierB. harderC. tougherD. fasterA. count onB. concentrate onC. insist onD. depend on四、阅读理解5、【来源】 2015年上海奉贤区高三一模（A篇）第5题It's a typically Snoopy card: cheerful message, bright colors, though a little yellow and faded now. Though I've received fancier, more expensive card over the years, this is the only one I've saved. One summer, it spoke volumes to me.I received it during the first June I faced as a widow to raise two teen age daughters alone. In all the emotional confusion of this sudden single parenthood, I was overwhelmed with, of all things, the simplest housework: leaky taps, oil changes, even barbecues. Those had always been my husband's jobs. I was embarrassed every time I hit my thumb with a hammer or couldn 't get the lawnmower started. My uncertain attempts only fueled the fear inside me: How could I be both a father and mother to my girls? Clearly, I lacked the tools and skills.On this particular morning, my girls pushed me into the living room to see something.（I prayed it wasn't another repair job.）The "something "turned out to be an envelope and several wrapped bundles on the carpet. My puzzlement must have been plain as I gazed from the colorful packages to my daughter 's bright faces."Go ahead! Open them! "They urged. As I unwrapped the packages, I discovered a small barbecue grill and all the necessary objects including a green kitchen glove with a frog pattern on it."But why? " I asked."Happy Father's Day!" they shouted together."Moms don't get presents on Father's Day". I protested."You forgot to open the card". Jane reminded. I pulled it from the envelope. There sat Snoopy, on top of his dog house, merrily wishing me a Happy Father's Day. "Because", the girls said, "you've been a father and mother to us. Why shouldn't you be remembered on Father's Day? "As I fought back tears, I realized they were right, I wanted to be a "professional" dad, who had the latest tools and knew all the tricks of the trade. The girls only wanted a parent they could count on to be there, day after day, performing repeatedly the maintenance tasks of basic care and love.The girls are grown now, and they still send me Father's Day cards, but none of those cards means as much to me as that first one. Its simple message told me being a great parent didn't require any special tools at all—just a willing worker.(1) By "it spoke volumes to me", （Para. 1） the mother in the story means theCard.A. conveyed significant meanings to herB. aroused great sorrow in herC. brought her pleasant feelingsD. made her feel important(2) After her husband's death, the mother found it was the hardest to.A. handle the emotional shockB. face the terrible lonelinessC. Keep harmony of the familyD. Fulfill a male role in the house(3) The girls gave their mother a barbecue set probably because.A. It was what their mother wantedB. it was a proper Father 's Day giftC. barbecue was their favorite foodD. they wanted their mother to barbecue(4) Which of the following statements is true about the first Father's Day card?A. It made the mother eager to get the latest toolsB. It praised the mother as a professional dadC. Its fancy design impressed the mother mostD. It showed the girl's appreciation for their mother's love6、【来源】 2015年上海奉贤区高三一模（B篇）第6题Disneyland Half Marathon Weekend presented by CigaSunday, September 6, 2015Start/Finish:Disneyland ResortCelebrate the 10th Anniversary of the Happiest Race on Earth!It's the moment you've been training for. Your 13.1 mile run on a magical course in the Happiest Race on Earth takes you through Disney California Adventure Park along legendary Main Street, U.S.A. In Disneyland Park, and then on to the streets of Anaheim. You'll complete your Disneyland Half Marathon race with an exciting finish near the Disneyland Hotel. It all adds up to miles of smiles, unforgettable memories, and a perfect ending to a magical DisneylandThe Disneyland Half Marathon HighlightsTimed Half Marathon race13.1-mile course through Disneyland Resort and the City of Anaheim, CaliforniaDisney Characters and Entertainment on-courseFamily Reunion Area with live entertainment and characters at the Finish LineRace within walking distance when you stay at a Disneyland Resort HotelEvent transportation included when you stay at select Anaheim Area HotelsDisneyland Half Marathon Race Participants ReceiveChampion Short-Sleeved Tech Shirt in Women's or Men's Cut*Half Marathon Finisher Medal*Official Digital Event Guide*iGiftBagPersonalized bib （Must register before June 2, 2015 for name to appear on bib）*On-course and post-race refreshmentsChronoTrack B-tag timed race with live runner tracking signup for friends and familyPersonalized results website and finisher certificateTo receive the Dumbo Double Dare Finisher Medal, you must register for the Dumbo Double Dare. Registering for the 10K and Half Marathon individually will not make you eligible to receive the Dumbo Double Dare Finisher Medal.To compete, you must be 14 years of age or older and able to complete the Half Marathon in three and a half（3.5） hours or less（16-minute mile pace）.To receive the Dumbo Double Dare Finisher Medal, you must register for the Dumbo Double Dare. Registering for the 10K and Half Marathon individually will not make you eligible （合适的） to receive the Dumbo Double Dare Finisher Medal.Dates, times, prices and inclusions subject to change. All races are subject to capacity limits and may close at any time before the percentage can be updated. Registrations are non-refundable and non-transferable. Disney reserves the right to refuse the entry into, and/or revoke any registration for, any race for any reason in its sole discretion with refund of any applicable registration fees being the sole remedy of any such refusal and/or revocation.* Participants must attend Packet Pick-up at the run Disney Health & Fitness Expo to receive their race packet, bib, and tech shirt. Finisher medals will be distributed to finishers during the race. None of these items will be mailed to registrants.(1) You can read all the following except in the article.A. The course description of Half MarathonB. The distance of the Half MarathonC. The entry fee of the Half MarathonD. The time limits of the completion of the Half Marathon(2) We can infer from the advertisement that whoever runs the Half Marathon canget.A. the Dumbo Double Dare Finisher MedalB. Half Marathon Finisher MedalC. Personalized bibD. iGiftbag(3) Which of the following statements is true?A. Half Marathon races is open to all citizensB. One must be able to cover the Half Marathon within 3.5 hours.C. Registering for Half Marathon individually will enable you to receive the Dumbo Double Dare Finisher Medal.D. The Half Marathon is bound to start on time.(4) Where probably is this passage taken from?A. A handbook of MarathonB. The official website of DisneyC. Advertisement section in a newspaperD. A sports magazine7、【来源】 2015年上海奉贤区高三一模（C篇）第7题Once upon a time, staying a healthy weight was easy. To lose weight you simply had to practice the reverse of home economics—spend more than you earned. Unfortunately for many, but perhaps not surprisingly, it turns out that people are rather more complicated than bank accounts.To stay a healthy weight, you need a hormone（荷尔蒙）called lepton to work properly. It sends"I'm full" messages from the fat cells up to the brain, where they go, among other places, to the same pleasure centers that respond to drugs like cocaine. Fat people produce plenty of lepton, but the brain doesn.t seem to respond to it properly.Last year researchers at the Oregon Research Institute scanned the brains of overweight people and found their reward circuit（线路） were underactive. They were eating more to try to get the enjoyment they were missing.There's a lot of evidence for the fact that most, if not all, of us have a set point around which our weight can vary by about seven to nine kilos, but anything beyond that is a real struggle. Making changes is hard, particularly if your body is working against you. So why not reject the traditional approaches and try some new method, based on the latest research, that work with your body rather than against it.Several years ago researchers at the National Institute on Aging in Baltimore reported that when they gave rats very little food one day and allowed them to eat plenty the next, they showed virtually all the benefits of a permanent calorie restriction diet. The same goes for humans, according to Dr. James Johnson.How does it work? Besides forcing the body to burn fat,it may also cause hormonal changes. Most people say that the diet takes a bit of getting used to, but is not as grinding as trying to cut back on an everyday basis.Older dieters may remember something called brown fat. Unlike the undesirablewhite stuff; this was a dieter's dream. Instead of storing excess energy as fat, brown-fat tissue burned it off to keep you warm-at least in mice. Brown fat fell out of favor because researchers couldn't find much in humans but now, thanks to the New England journal of Medicine, it's back in fashion. The idea is to expose people to cold temperatures. They then make more brown fat and their weight drops.(1) According to the findings of the Oregon Research Institute,.A. Overweight people get less pleasure from eating the same amount.B. Overweight people enjoy eating more than the others doC. People will become overweight if they eat more than they needD. People are more likely to be overweight if they produce less lepton(2) The method used by the National Institute On Aging can be summarized as"" .A. No diet at allB. Diet on a daily basisC. Diet every other dayD. Diet permanently(3) The word "grinding" in the paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to.A. EffectiveB. RealisticC. UnreliableD. Miserable(4) What is the passage mainly about?A. Comparing the various ways of cutting caloriesB. Recommending new methods of losing weightC. Pointing out the misconceptions of losing weightD. Clarifying the common myth about weight loss五、任务型阅读8、【来源】 2015年上海奉贤区高三一模第8题The $11 billion self-help industry is built on the idea that you should turn negative thoughts like "I never do anything right" into positive ones like "I can succeed." But was positive thinking advocate Norman Vincent Peale right? Is there power in positive thinking?Researchers in Canada just published a study in the journal Psychological Science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have the opposite effect: it can simply highlight how unhappy they are. The study's authors, Joanne Wood and John Lee of the University of Waterloo and Elaine Perunovic of the University of New Brunswick,begin by citing older research showing that when people get feedback which they believe is overly positive, they actually feel worse, not better. Ifyou tell your dim friend that he has the potential of an Einstein, you're just underlining his faults. In one 1990s experiment, a team including psychologist Joel Cooper of Princeton asked participants to write essays opposing funding for the disabled. When the essayists were later praised for their sympathy, they felt even worse about what they had written.In this experiment, Wood, Lee and Perunovic measured 68 students' self-esteem. Theparticipants were then asked to write down their thoughts and feelings for fo ur minutes. Every 15 seconds, one group of students heard a bell. When it rang, they were supposed to tell themselves, "I am lovable."Those with low self-esteem didn't feel better after the forced self-affirmation. In fact, their moods turned significantly darker than those of members of the control group, who weren't urged to think positive thoughts.The paper provides support for newer forms of psychotherapy （心理治疗） that urge people to accept their negative thoughts and feelings rather than fight them. In the fighting, we not only often fail but can make things worse. Meditation （静思） techniques, in contrast, can teach people to put their shortcomings into a larger, more realistic perspective. Call it the power of negative thinking.（Note: Answer the question or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 12 WORDS）(1) The self-help industry is based on.(2) The finding of the Canadian researchers is that.(3) From the experiment of Wood, Lee and Perunovic, we know that.(4) From the last paragraph, we know that may prove to be a good form of psychotherapy.六、翻译9、【来源】 2015年上海奉贤区高三一模第9题翻译(1) 基于真实故事的小说往往更能感动人心。
2024上海市高三英语一模各区《句子翻译》分类汇编
2024届上海市16区高三英语一模分类汇编翻译2024届上海市宝山区高三上学期一模英语试卷V.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the word given in the brackets.72.坦白说，你昨天在会上表达的观点还是有争议的。
(controversial)73.不管他怎么辩解，也无法说服在场的人认同他是无辜的。
(persuade)74.在填写高考志愿时，如果你的意见和父母的意见相左时，你会怎样妥善处理？(agree)75.现在，上海很多小区都开了便民食堂，这无疑给居民带来了很大的便利，特别是孤寡老人和工作繁忙顾不上做饭的人。
(which)2024届上海市静安区高三上学期一模英语试卷V.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.72.如果不好好准备，周五的演讲可能会变得一塌糊涂。
(preparation)73.市民们呼吁废纸回收再利用，以减少对原材料的消耗。
(call for)74.电影里出现了许多主人公穿越沙漠的场景，象征着一种自我发现和成长的过程。
(there)75.艺术博物馆位于中国著名的文化城市杭州，在那里游客们可以欣赏风格多样的艺术作品，仿佛置身于艺术的海洋之中。
(where)2024届上海市闵行区高三上学期一模英语试卷V.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.72.这道菜趁热吃味道最好。
(taste)73.除了特效之外，这部电影的情节和演员的表演也可圈可点。
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2015年上海各区高三英语一模分类汇编：翻译及答案宝山区1.你能告诉我你热衷于网络游戏的原因吗？(crazy)2.宁大家满意的是，政府采取的措施比预期的要更有效。
(measure)3.谈到向别人表达感谢时，除了“谢谢”外，还有许多更有创意的方式。
(come)4.对于一再挑战极限的人来说，冒险是一种生活方式。
(challenge)5.任何人仅凭背单词是不可能考出好成绩的，更不用说具有和老外交流的能力。
(Only) 静安区1.你今晚能来参加我的生日聚会吗？(possible)2.桌上有本最新版的英语字典。
(On)3.意识到健康重要性的人们正在越来越关注他们的饮食。
(aware)4.正式我国宇航员的精神才使我们克服了所有的艰难险阻。
(enable)5.每天仅允许两百名游客进入博物馆参观，因为里面的物品非常珍贵。
(admit)普陀区1.孩子们总是对圣诞节的礼物充满好奇。
(curious)2.我们不确定能否按时完成任务。
(sure)3.对学生而言，身心健康与在学业表现中取得的进步同样重要。
(as…as)4.评委及专家们对他昨天在表演时脸部表情及手势动作的印象极为深刻。
(impress)5.大家一致认为任何有责任心和毅力的人都有资格申请该职位。
(whoever)闸北区1.Mary的表演从来没有这样令人印象深刻。
(Never)2.谁到的最晚，就得为今天的晚餐买单。
(Whoever)3.据报道，父母之间的关系将大大影响孩子的学习成绩。
(It)4.在世界许多地方，重男轻女的现象令女性在教育就业方面处于劣势。
(phenomenon)5.商家制造的一年一度的消费节为老百姓提供了花小钱买高品质商品的机会。
嘉定区1.学生们轮流到附近的火车站做志愿者。
(turn)2.他肯定早就意识到了英语的重要性，所以英语那么好。
(aware)3.不管多忙，我们每天都应给家人腾出些时间来。
(spare)4.我认为就此问题与那些固执己见的人争论下去没有意义了。
(point)5.进入丛林不远，只见一条清澈的小溪映入了我们的眼帘。
(before)长宁区1.均衡的膳食是保持健康的关键.(key)2.没有什么风景比我现在看到的更好。
(than)3.每个人都要为自己的人生负责，因为人生就是一系列的选择。
(responsible)4.学生应该学会如何保护自己以防止意外伤害的建议是很有用的。
(suggestion)5.无论遇到什么困难，只要你坚持不懈的努力，你所有的梦想都会实现。
(Whatever) 黄浦区1. 前天，许多物理学家出席了颁奖典礼。
(present)2. 选举结果出乎意料，这令大多数人颇为失望。
(which)3. 只有相关各方更多的关注青少年，他们才能形成正确的价值观。
(Only)4. 他从没想到保护水资源的文化和社会因素也应被列入考虑范围内。
(occur)5. 虽然大多数孩子喜欢吃快餐，但科学研究表明汉堡和披萨缺少身体健康和成长所必需的矿物质和维生素。
(Although)青浦区1.这项慈善基金的设立旨在在中国推广青少年足球。
(promote)_2.要不了多久我的同学们定能学会抵制网络游戏的诱惑。
(It)3.期望尽可能多的同学参与到“个人职业生涯规划”的主题活动中去。
(participate)4.如果压力过大影响了睡眠，最好还是咨询心理医生；不然的话，你可能会有麻烦。
(consult)5.随着电影“Interstellar”的发行，人们愈来愈意识到地球所面临的环境危机，从而开始一起行动起来去拯救地球。
（With）虹口区1.我从未想到我校篮球队会在决赛中败北。
(occur)2.那只迷路的猴子得到了村民们的精心照顾。
(care)3.他在也无法忍受没有被晋升为部门经理的事实。
(No longer)4.就教师而言，没有什么能比看到学生取得进步更令人高兴的了。
(than)5.尽管这项计划的初衷是为了提高人民的生活水平，但由于种种原因未能实施。
(intend)崇明县1. 我可以向你保证目前一切都在掌控之中。
(assure)2. 你认为人类定居另一颗行星的梦想会实现吗？(come true)3. 面对这样突如其来的灾难，这个国家完全措手不及。
(unprepared)4. 没有证据证明受过良好教育的孩子将来就一定会成为非常成功的人。
(proof)5. 智能手机不仅让你了解世界上发生的事情，而且可以让你随时随地上网购物。
(Notonly)奉贤区1. 基于真实故事的小说往往更能感动人心。
(base)2. 在告别会上，他含着眼泪向全体同事表示感谢。
(gratitude)3. 生活的美妙不在于你有多快乐，而在于你能给别人带来多少快乐。
(depend)4. 电脑技术正变得如此先进以至于它使电脑尺寸越来越小，速度越来越快。
(So…)5. 毫无疑问在如今这个充满竞争的社会，保持幽默有助于减少压力并促进创造性思维。
(contribute)杨浦区1. 每位同学就坐后老师才开始上课。
(until)2. 与有不同价值观的人接触对孩子的成长有好处。
(expose)3. 那支足球队为了熟悉糟糕的天气状况提前到达了主办城市。
(familiar)4. 中国学生现在可以申请五年期的美国签证，而不用每年续签。
(instead of)5. 人们普遍认为丰富的想象力可以在很大程度上弥补材料的缺乏。
(acknowledge)2015年一模翻译答案宝山区1.Can you tell me the reason why you are so crazy about online games?2.To the satisfaction of all people, the measures taken by the government are more effectivethan expected.3.When it comes to thanking people, there are many more creative ways besides “thank you”,4.Rise-taking is a way of life for those who repeatedly challenge the limits.5.Only by reciting words is it impossible for anyone to get a good grade in the exam, not tomention the ability to communicate with foreigners.静安区1.Is it possible for you to attend/come to my birthday party this evening?2.On the table lies an English dictionary of the latest issue.3.People who are aware of the importance of health are paying closer attention to their diets.4.It was the astronauts’ spirit of our country that enabled us to overcome all the difficulties.5.Only two hundred visitors can be admitted into the museum a day because the items in itare very precious.普陀区1.The kids are always curious about Christmas presents.2.We are not sure whether the task can be finished on time.3.For students, mental and physical health is as important as the progress made in academicperformance.4.His facial expressions and gestures in the performance yesterday greatly impressed thejudges and the experts.5.It is thought that whoever has a sense of responsibility and perseverance/persistence isqualified to apply for the position.闸北区1.Never has Mary’s performance been so impressive.2.Whoever arrives the latest will have to pay for today’s dinner.3.It’s reported that the relationship between parents can greatly affect their kid’s academicscores.4.In many parts of the world, the phenomenon of valuing sons over daughters has put manywomen at a disadvantage in education and employment.5.The annual spending holiday produced by merchants provides common people with achance to buy high-quality goods at low prices.嘉定区1.The students take turns to do voluntary work/to work as volunteers at the nearby railwaystation.2.He must have been aware of the importance/significance of English, so he has a goodcommand of it.3.No matter how/However busy we are, we should spare some time for our family (members)every day.4.I think there is no point in keeping arguing about this issue with those who arestubborn/opinionated.5. A little clear stream came into view/ met our eyes before we had gone far into the woods.长宁区1. (Having) a balanced diet is the key to maintaining healthy/the key to good health.2. No other scenery is better than what I am enjoying here.3. Everyone should be responsible for his decision, because life is a series of choices.4. The suggestion that students should learn about how to protect themselves from unexpected injuries is quite useful.5. Whatever difficulty you may meet with, all your dreams will come true, as long as you keep on working hard.黄浦区1.Many physicists were present at the awarding ceremony the day before yesterday.2.The outcome/result of the election was out of expectation, which made most people feeldisappointed.3.Only if parties concerned pay more attention to the younger generation will teenagers formproper values.4.It never occurred to him that the cultural and social aspects of protecting the water resourceshould also be taken into account/consideration.5.Although most children enjoy eating fast food, scientific researches have shown (us) thatburgers and pizzas can lack essential minerals and vitamins for health and growth.青浦区1. The charitable fund is/was conducted to promote youth soccer in china.The charitable fund aims/aimed to promote youth soccer in china.The charitable fund is /was committed to promoting youth soccer in china.Youth soccer=adolescent football=teenager football2. It won’t be long before my classmates (fellow students) can lea rn to resist the temptation of (playing) online games.3. As many students as possible are expected to participate in the theme activities of “personal career planning”.4. If too much pressure has influenced your sleep, you had better consult the psychology teacher, otherwise/or, you are likely to get into trouble .5. With the release of the film interstellar, people are more and more aware of the environmental crisis that/which the Earth is facing and thus begin to take action together to save the Earth.虹口区1. It never occurred to me that the basketball team of my school would be defeated in the final.2. That lost monkey was taken good care of by the villagers.3. No longer can he bear the fact that he wasn’t promoted to department manager.4. As for the teachers, there is nothing more joyful than witnessing the progress made by the students.5. Although this plan had been intended to improve the living standards of our people, it wasn’t implemented for some reasons.崇明县6.I can assure you that everything is under control at present.7.Do you think the dream of human beings’ settling on another planet/the dream that man willsettle on another planet will come true?8.The country was completely unprepared to face the unexpected disaster.Facing the sudden disaster, the country was totally unprepared.9.There is no proof that children with goo education/ children who receive good education/well-educated children can surely be/ are certain to be very successful people in the future. 10.Not only do smartphones inform you of what is happening in the world, but also they enableyou to do online shopping anytime and anywhere.奉贤区6.Novels based on real/true stories are more likely to touch readers.Novels based on real/true stories tend to touch readers more deeply.7.At the farewell party, he showed/expressed his gratitude to all the colleagues with tears in hiseyes.8.The beauty of life doesn’t depend on how happy you are but how much happiness you canbring to others.The beauty of life doesn’t depend on how happy you are bu t how happy others are/can be because of you.9.So advanced is computer technology getting/becoming that it makes computers/the computersmaller in size and faster in speed.10.There is no doubt that in such a competitive society, keeping a sense of humour contributes toreducing pressure and promoting/improving creative thinking.杨浦区1.The teacher didn’t start his lesson until every student got seated.2.Being exposed to people with different values does good to children’s growth.3.That football team got to the hosting city of the match ahead of schedule so as to get familiarwith the awful weather.4.Chinese students can now apply for five-year visas from the US, instead of renewing theirvisas every year.5.It is widely acknowledged that rich imagination can to a great extent make up for the lack ofmaterials.。