[自主招生手册]“北约”自主招生考试作文题目：暖
2011北约华约自主招生联考笔试试题
2011北约华约自主招生联考笔试试题2011北约华约自主招生联考笔试试题华约试题英语：考题回放：第一项，完型填空，20个空，每空1.5分，共30分；第二项，文章填空，从一篇文章中抽出五个短句，要求考生将抽出的短句填在合适的位置上，每空3分；第三项，将一篇英语短文翻译并概括为200字左右的中文，20分；第四项，翻译，将五个与教育相关的中文句子翻译为英文；第五项，作文，以第四项翻译的内容为背景，请考生谈谈自己的看法。
语文：-《阅读和写作》阅读部分(50分)一、现代文阅读：杨福家的《哥本哈根精神》二、现代文阅读：老舍的《五九》三、古代诗文阅读1.辛弃疾《清平乐校检山园，书所见》2.《南齐书良政》断句3.翻译《论语泰伯》《韩非子外储说右下》4.写作部分(50分)你对忧患意识是怎样认识的？请写一篇文章，谈谈你的思想和认识，角度自选，立意自定，标题自拟；不要编造虚假事实论据，不要套作，不得抄袭。
文科：考题回忆版：1、根据材料论述法国农民与法兰西第三共和国间的关系。
2、北极冰川融化对国际贸易的影响(11分)北极冰川融化对生态环境的影响(10分)。
3、论述题(10分)，给定三段材料，大致内容为：网络在线阅读的弊端在于内容冗杂，使阅读的有效性降低。
它的浏览方式使得读者无法进行更深层次的思考。
网络在线阅读方式的出现所引发的争议在打印机打印取代传统手写等过程中同样有过。
请结合材料分析，人们利用网络在线阅读得到的比失去的要多。
4.阅读材料，回答问题。
材料一“各级领导干部要自觉贯彻群众路线、切实转变作风，多做顺民意、解民忧、得民心的实事，坚决纠正损害群众利益的行为。
”——胡锦涛材料二某地政府官员以破坏了政府办公楼的“风水”为由要强行拆除一座楼房，遭到抵制后说出了“跟政府作对就是恶”的话，在网络上被称为“最雷人官话”之一。
在现实生活中，政府的具体行为并非总是与民众的意愿一致，有时甚至会产生矛盾冲突。
从人民与政府的关系来看，为什么不能说“跟政府作对就是恶”？理科：物理70分，化学30分。
2013年“北约”自主招生试题走红
2013年“北约”自主招生试题走红导读：本文2013年“北约”自主招生试题走红，仅供参考，如果能帮助到您，欢迎点评和分享。
临近高考，为方便考生及家长查询高考成绩、高考志愿填报、高考分数线、高考咨询、各高校信息等等相关信息，高考频道编辑特别搜集了大量相关信息供您参考，感谢您对我们的关注! 随着国家教育改革步伐的加快，人们对考试试题的反应也越来越强烈，特别是小学的那些“脑筋急转弯”题，中学的“脱离生活浪费资源”题，大学自主招生中的“让人哭笑不得”题，更是招来社会各界的猛烈抨击。
最近，“北约”自主招生中的一道试题，在网络中爆红。
这一道题目是，用“北大、清华、高考、状元”四个词，编一段150字的笑话，要求健康积极、幽默诙谐、机智风趣。
一名考生表示，看到这样的题目，连掀桌子的心都有了。
而网民们则用自己的智慧，狠狠地扇了这道试题一个耳光——兄妹俩同年参加高考，兄长叫尚北大，是理科状元，考上了清华；妹妹尚清华是文科状元，考上了北大。
报到这一天，清华的老师对尚北大说：“你走错了，这是清华。
”北大的老师对尚清华说：“你走错了，这是北大。
”兄妹俩只好交换了录取通知书，这才名正言顺地上了北大清华。
其实，这样天雷滚滚的试题，在自主招生考试中，已经是屡见不鲜，比较典型的还有“如来佛和玉皇老儿谁大”等等，不一而足。
自主招生的本意是，招收那些学有所长的人，问题是，这个“学有所长”中的“学”，是不是也应该有一个界定？这就要回归到高校的宗旨，借用蔡元培先生的话说，大学，是研究高深学问的场所，那么，编写一个段子、讨论玉皇大帝和如来佛的道行的高低深浅，这也能算是高深学问吗？这样的题目，当作文字游戏还差不多，与所谓的“高深学问”，相去何啻十万八千里？然而，不知道是出于一个什么样的原因，类似的“神试题”，却屡屡出现在寄寓着被寄予厚望的名牌大学自主招生考试之中。
而且，以“神试题”为荣的命题方式，似乎还呈现出一种愈演愈烈之势。
同一天的《武汉晚报》报道，湖北省公务员的考试题目就有，给你一个支点，如何去撬动地球？也许有人会说，这会激发学生的想像力与创造力，然而，稍有常识的人都应该清楚，想像与胡思乱想，完全是两个不同的概念。
2013年“北约”自主招生试题及其解答
2013年“北约”自主招生试题及其解答解答人：文武光华数学工作室 田开斌 一、以√2和1−√23为两根的有理系数多项式的次数最小是多少？解答：显然，多项式f (x )=(x −2)[(1−x ) −2]的系数均为有理数，且有两根分别为√2和1−√23。
于是知，以√2和1−√23为两根的有理系数多项式的次数的最小可能值不大于5。
若存在一个次数不超过4的有理系数多项式g (x )=ax +bx +cx +dx +e ，其两根分别为√2和1−√23，其中a 、b 、c 、d 、e 不全为0，则：g √=(4a +2c +e )+(2b +d )√=0⇒ 4a +2c +e =02b +d =0g 1−√3 =−(7a +b −c −d −e )−(2a +3b +2c +d )√3+(6a +3b +c )√3=0⇒ 7a +b −c −d −e =02a +3b +2c +d =06a +3b +c =0即方程组：⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧4a +2c +e =0 (1)2b +d =0 (2)7a +b −c −d −e =0 (3)2a +3b +2c +d =0 (4)6a +3b +c =0 (5)，有非0有理数解。
由(1)+(3)得：11a +b +c −d =0 (6) 由(6)+(2)得：11a +3b +c =0 (7) 由(6)+(4)得：13a +4b +3c =0 (8)由(7)−(5)得：a =0，代入(7)、(8)得：b =c =0，代入(1)、(2)知：d =e =0。
于是知a =b =c =d =e =0，与a 、b 、c 、d 、e 不全为0矛盾。
所以不存在一个次数不超过4的有理系数多项式g (x )，其两根分别为√2和1−√23。
综上所述知，以√2和1−√23为两根的有理系数多项式的次数最小为5。
注：上述方程也可利用矩阵和行列式求解。
二、在6×6的表中停放3辆完全相同的红色车和3辆完全相同的黑色车，每一行、每一列都只有一辆车，每辆车占一格，共有多少种停放方法？解答：先从6行中选取3行停放红色车，有C种选择。
2012北约、华约自主招生试题解读教学文档
2012“北约”与“华约”自主招生语文试题解读教学一、教学导入1、解读“北约”与“华约”的基本概念。
“北约”：北大(含医学部)、北航、北师大、厦大、港大、山大、武大、华中科大、中山大学、川大、兰大11所学校“华约”：清华、上海交大、人大、中国科技大学、西安交大、南京大学和浙大7所学校2、解读自主招生的价值意义：在于从应试教育体制中开辟一条符合教育规律的新路。
3、我对同学们的期望与鼓励，以及同学对自己受教育道路的准确选择和设计。
4、自主招生的现实处境再现解说。
二、2012“北约”与“华约”部分试题呈现与解读（一）、2012“北约”部分语文试题呈现与解读1、选择题共10道，一般是词语搭配的题目。
2、现代文阅读：《生命的滋味》，关于生命的讨论。
生命的滋味苏菡玲只有一个真正严肃的哲学问题，那就是自杀。
这是加缪《西西弗斯神话》里的第一句话。
朋友提起这句话时，正躺在医院急诊室，140粒安定没有撂倒他，又能够微笑着和大家说话了。
另一位朋友肺癌晚期，一年前医生就下过病危通知书，是钱、药、家人的爱在一点一点的延长着他的生命。
对于病人，病的折磨或许会让他感到生不如死，对于亲人来说，不惜一切代价，只要他活着，只要他在那儿。
人无权决定自己的生，但可以选择死。
为什么要活着？怎么活下去？是终生都要面对的问题.有一个春天很忧郁，是那种看破今生的绝望，那种找不到目的和价值的空虚，那种无枝可栖的孤独与苍凉。
一个下午我抱了一大堆影碟躲在屋内，心想就这样看吧看吧看死算了。
直到我看到它——伊朗影片《樱桃的滋味》，我的心弦被轻轻地拨动了。
那时我的电脑还没装音箱，只能靠中文字幕的对白了解剧情。
剧情大致是这样的：巴迪先生驱车走在一条山路上，他神情从容镇静，稳稳地操纵着方向盘。
他要寻找一个帮助埋掉他的人，并付给对方20万元。
一个士兵拒绝了，一个牧师也拒绝了。
天色不早了，巴迪先生依然从容镇静地驱车在公路上寻觅。
这时他遇到了一个胡子花白的老者，老者给他讲了一个故事：我年轻的时候也想过要自杀。
2013年北约自主招生试题及答案解析版
22013“北约”自主招生试题2013-03-16(时间90分钟,满分120分)一、选择题(每题8分,共48分)1.以1-( ) A. 2 B. 3 C. 5 D. 6【解】由1x =可知22x =,同理由1x -=可知3(1)2x -=;所以方程23(2)[(1)2]0x x ---=的次数最小,其次数为5,故选C.2.在66⨯的表中停放3辆完全相同的红色和3辆完全相同的黑色车,每一行每一列只有一辆车,每辆车只占一格,共有 种停放方法.A. 720B. 20C. 518400D. 14400【解】红色车选3列有3620C =种方法,再从这三列中选三行有3620C =种方法,另外将红色车放在已选好的三列三行中有326⨯=种方法,同理黑色车只能从剩下的三行三列九个格中选,也有326⨯=种方法,因此方法数有(20206)614400⨯⨯⨯=种.故选D. 3.已知225x y =+,225y x =+(x y ≠),则32232x x y y -+值为( ) A. 10- B. 12- C. 14- D. 16-【解】由225x y =+与225y x =+两式作差得2()x y x y +=-≠,代入两式中分别化出 2210x x +-=、2210y y +-=,所以,x y 是方程2210t t +-=的两个不等实根,于是 2,1x y x y +=-=-,也所以 3223222()[()3]2()(2)7216x x y y x y x y x y x y -+=++--=-⨯-=-.故选D. 4.在数列{}n a 中,11a =,142n n S a +=+(1n ≥),则2013a 值为( )A. 201230192⨯B. 201330192⨯C. 201230182⨯D. 无法确定 【解】由11a =,142n n S a +=+(1n ≥)……①可知,当1n =时,2142S a =+,所以25a =;当2n ≥时,有142(2)n n S a n -=+≥……②,由①-②式得,1144(2)n n n a a a n +-=-≥,即1122()(2)n n n n a a a a n +--=-≥,且2123a a -=所以11232n n n a a -+-=⨯(*n N ∈),同除以2n 得,113222n n nn a a +--=,且1012a =;所以13122n na n +=+,故令2012n =时,得2012201323019a =⨯,故选A.5.在ABC ∆中,D 为B C 中点,DM 平分ADB ∠交AB 于点M ,D N 平分AD C ∠交A C 于N ,则BM C N +与M N 的关系为( ) A.BM CN MN +> B.MN CN MN +<C.BM CN MN +=D.无法确定【解】如图,在D A 取DE DB =,连接,,M E N E M N则显然可证,M E M B E N N C ==,且有M E N E M N +≥,即BM C N M N +≥, 上述不等式当且仅当180MED DEN ∠+∠= , 也即180B C ∠+∠= ,这显然与三角形内角和定理矛盾,故等号取不到, 也即选A.6.模长都为1的复数,,A B C 满足0A B C ++≠,则BC AC AB A B C++++的模长为( )A. 12-B. 1C. 2D. 无法确定【解】由题知1A A B B C C ===,所以2BC AC AB BC AC AB BC AC AB A B CA B CA B C++++++=⨯++++++,也即2BC AC AB BC AC AB B C AC A B A B CA B CA B C++++++=⨯++++++313B A C A A B C B A CB CA B A C B AB C C A C B++++++==++++++,故选B. 二、解答题(每题18分,共72分)7.最多能找多少个两两不相等的正整数使其任意三个数之和为质数,并证明你的结论.【解】:至多有4个.首先可以取1,3,7,9这四个数,它们任意三个数之和分别为11,13,17,19符合质数定义.下面再证明5个正整数是不符合题意的.若有5个正整数,则考虑质数被3除的余数,如果有一个数的余数为0,那么考虑余下的4个数被3除的余数,如果余数既有1也有2,那么这两个数与前面余数为0的数的和刚好为3MACDB M A CDB E的倍数,故不符合题意,如果余下四个数的余数均相等,显然取余下四个数中的三个数,则这三个数的和为3的倍数不是质数,也不符合题意,如果这5个数被3除的余数都不等于3,则由抽屉原理,至少有3个数被3除的余数相同,这三个数的和是3的倍数不是质数,也不符合题意.综上可知,不存在5个正整数符合题意,即至多有4个正整数符合题意. 8.已知12320130a a a a ++++= ,且122320131|2||2||2|a a a a a a -=-==- 证明:12320130a a a a ===== .【证明】:观察可知12320130a a a a ++++= ,即21322013201212013(2)(2)(2)(2)0a a a a a a a a -+-++-+-= ……① 又122320131|2||2||2|a a a a a a -=-==- ,不妨设12|2|a a t -=,则①可写为(2013)0(02013,)kt k t k k N --=≤≤∈,即(22013)0k t -=, 又显然220130k -≠,则有0t =,于是有122320122013201312,2,,2,2a a a a a a a a ==== ,所以2013112a a =,即10a =.也所以12320130a a a a ===== ,即证.9.对于任意θ,求632cos cos 66cos 415cos 2θθθθ---的值. 【解】632cos cos 66cos 415cos 2θθθθ--- 31c o s 232()c o s 66c o s 415c o s 22θθθθ+=--- 3234(1c o s 23c o s 23c o s 2)(3c o s 24c o s 2)6c o s 415c o2θθθθθθθ=+++---- 2412c o s 26c o s 446(1c o s 4)6c o s 410θθθθ=+-=++-=即求. 10.有一个m n ⨯的数表,已知每一行的数均是由小到大排列.现在将每一列的数由小到大重新排列,则新的数表中每一行的数满足什么样的关系？请证明你的结论.〖原题叙述〗:已知有m n ⋅个实数,排列成m n ⨯阶数阵,记作{}ij m n a ⨯,使得数阵中的每一行从左到右都是递增的,即对意的1,2,3,,i m = ,当12j j <时,都有12ij ij a a <.现将{}ij m n a ⨯的每一列原有的各数按照从上到下递增的顺序排列,形成一个新的m n ⨯阶数阵,记作{}ijm n a ⨯',即对任意的1,2,3,,i n = ,当12i i <时,都有12i j i j a a ''<.试判断{}ijm n a ⨯'中每一行的n 个数的大小关系,并说明理由.【解】:数阵{}ijm n a ⨯'中每一行的n 个数从左到右都是递增的,理由如下: 显然,我们要证明数阵{}ijm n a ⨯'中每一行的n 个数从左到右都是递增的,我们只需证明, 对于任意1,2,3,,i m = ,都有(1)iji j a a +''<,其中1,2,3,,(1)j n =- . 若存在一组(1)pq p q a a +''>,令(1)(1)k k q iq a a ++'=,其中121,2,3,,,{,,,}{1,2,,}k k m i i i m == ,则当t p ≤时,都有(1)(1)(1)tt i q i q t q pq pqa a a a a +++'''≤=≤<.也即在(1,2,,)iq a i m = 中,至少有p 个数小于pq a ',也即pq a '在数阵{}ijm n a ⨯'中的第q 列中,至少排在第1p +行,与pq a '排在第p 行矛盾.所以对于任意的1,2,,i m = ,都有(1)iji j a a +''<,即数阵{}ij m n a ⨯'中每一行的n 个数从左到右都是递增的.。
“北约”2020年自主招生语文笔试题目解析
“北约”2020年自主招生语文笔试题目解析更何况作文要求写一段500字之内的“故事”，考生只须将注意力集中在对藤与树之间关系的描摹上即可，这个题目考查的或是结构故事的能力，欲迎还休，一波三折，；或是细腻的心理描写，小细节，小味道。
至于故事的主题是何，不妨干脆悬置：须知，若是优秀的故事，主题的解读就可以越丰富。
语言运用题解析语言运用题中，对联一问并不算难，只须落实对联的六个规则：字数、主题、词性、停顿、结构、平仄，尤其是下联的最后一个字要落到平声上；而近日“沙逼北京”与“猪投上海”往往并提，而将上海黄浦江死猪的事情做成下联并不容易对仗工整，考生须跳出惯性思维，若能跟自己省市特点结合起来，更易出彩。
笑话一问也是。
无论是弗洛伊德还是柏格森，“笑”的产生总与对既有规范的调侃甚至颠覆有关，此问中，高考可以做背景，北大清华状元任何一个都可以作为对象，考生若了解一些类似于下水道工人的笑话，简单替换几个元素即可。
更重要的是：语言运用题不求完美，写出来就能得到大多分数，切记把握时间性价比。
笑话例文一个北大毕业的某公司高管发现自己家的下水道堵了，就请来一个水管工来修。
修好后高管看到账单后不禁大叫：“什么！就30分钟你收的钱当我一个月收入的1/3了！”水管工说，“你也可以干啊。
不过你得说你只是小学毕业。
公司不喜欢学历太高的人”。
于是高管就去当了水管工，收入一下翻了三倍。
几年后公司决定把水管工文化水平提高到初中。
老师抽一个人上来写圆面积公式。
这个高管被抽中，不过他已经忘了，只好从头推导：把圆无限分割后积分。
但他得出的结果是负的。
他非常尴尬，忽然一人说：把积分上下限交换一下。
高管感激不尽，那个同事小声说：我当年是清华的高考状元……<< 语文题目10道选择题阅读题：题目《为了纪念的忘却》翻译题：一篇庄子的古文作文题：根据刘三姐唱词《藤与树》写一篇500字之内的小故事。
另外今年的题目很有意思，一个是对对联，另一个是写笑话。
2012年北约试题荟萃
2012年北京大学等校“北约”11校联考试题汇整（据学生回忆整理）北约语文一、词语运用（10题）1、警察发现箱子不见了，应该表述为警察发现箱子______。
A遭遇被盗B遭遇被劫C遭盗D遭劫2、运动员跑步的消息立刻发布，“立刻”二字应该表述为______。
A、即时B、及时C、及至二、文言文阅读（翻译）孔子曰赐不受命而货殖焉亿则屡中罪子贡善居积意贵贱之期数得其时故货殖多富比陶朱然则圣人先知也子贡亿数中之类也圣人据象兆原物类意而得之其见变名物博学而识之巧商而善意广见而多记由微见较若揆之今睹千载所谓智如渊海孔子见窍睹微思虑洞达材智兼倍强力不倦超逾伦等耳目非有达视之明知人所不知之状也使圣人达视远见洞听潜闻与天地谈与鬼神言知天上地下之事乃可谓神而先知与人卓异今耳目闻见与人无别遭事睹物与人无异差贤一等尔何以谓神而卓绝三、现代文阅读（见PPT）四、诗歌鉴赏后人观古书，每随己境地。
譬如广场中，环看高台戏。
矮人在平地，举头仰而企。
危楼有凭槛，刘桢方平视。
做戏非有殊，看戏乃各异。
矮人看戏归，自谓见仔细；楼上人闻之，不觉笑喷鼻。
——赵翼《闲居读书六首选一》（1）作者讽刺了什么现象？怎样讽刺的？（5分）（2）以一部你看过的书籍或电影为例，说出对这种现象的理解。
（5分）五、作文以“暖”为题，写一篇700-800字的作文。
【上海语文名师任其斌点评：关键要把握好审题关。
第一是要准确理解“暖”的意思，这是作文的“出发点”。
一个是作为形容词，是“温暖、暖和”之意；一个是作为动词，意思是“使东西变热或使身体变暖”。
进一步分析可知：“暖”是有“温度”的，这个温度不低也不太高；“暖”是人的一种感觉（生理和心理的），所以应该“适度”，以舒适宜人为准；“暖”的感觉是有“过程”的，要体现“逐渐性”的特征。
第二是要把握命题意图。
作为自主招生考试，它当然要考查考生的语文基本素养，但它更关注考生的“思想的力量”，在“才情”与“识见”之间，它更倾向于后者。
北约13校自主招生
北约13校自主招生自主招生之友（）专门为广大学生和家长提供自主招生信息，找北约13校、华约7校、卓越9校、京都5校，就到自主招生之友！北约13校的发起者：北京大学北约13校是指在2010年末，由北大发起的包括13所高等院校组成的自主招生联盟，北约13校包括：北京大学(含医学部)、北京航空航天大学、北京师范大学、南开大学、复旦大学、厦门大学、山东大学、武汉大学、华中科技大学、中山大学、四川大学、兰州大学、香港大学。
北大、山大等13所高校组成的“北约”联盟启动2011年自主招生网上报名，并于2011年2月20日进行联考。
2011年，北京大学(含医学部)、北京航空航天大学、北京师范大学、南开大学、复旦大学、厦门大学、山东大学、武汉大学、华中科技大学、中山大学、四川大学、兰州大学、香港大学共13所高校在自主招生选拔录取中将联合命题、统一组织笔试并共享考试成绩。
按照要求，报考这些“北约13校”联盟高校将要实行网上报名，考生须登录“中国综合性大学自主选拔录取联合考试报名平台”，按网上要求注册、填写并打印各校申请表，经中学盖章后附上相关报名材料寄至报考学校招办。
报名时间为2010年12月1日至2010年12月20日。
其中，山东籍考生报考山大自主招生将另行报名。
北约13校的招办负责人表示，13所高校基本上都是以文理医工见长的综合性大学，在历史传统、精神文化，特别是人才培养理念和培养目标上有相似之处。
七校联合开展自主选拔录取工作，考生参加一次考试，就可以获得申请多所大学面试的机会，考生既能增加选择的机会，又能降低考试成本，减轻奔波之苦。
据介绍，2011年北约13校校决定在自主选拔录取中联合命题、统一组织笔试并共享考试成绩，根据考生笔试成绩确定参加本校面试考生名单。
七校联考将在各省市主要城市设立考点。
考生所报考的高校互为平行关系，不分先后顺序，考生可根据兴趣和各高校人才培养特点进行多元组合。
每位考生最多可报3所高校。
2019年北约自主招生语文试题Word版含答案
综合性大学自主选拔录取联合考试（北约）人文科学基础——文科试卷语文部分一、选择题（每道题2分，共10分）1．与“常、胖、剑”不是一类的是（）A．吊B．畔C．到2．下列成语正确的是（）A．一脉相成B．按部就班C．带罪立功3．“六六三十六”最多可以有几种理解（）A．1B．3C．54．“红楼隔雨相望冷，珠箔飘灯独自归”，这句诗的作者是（）A．杜甫B．李白C．李商隐5．王国维描述的三种学术境界最初的一种是（）A．衣带渐宽终不悔，为伊消得人性悴。
B．昨使西风凋碧树、独上高楼、望尽天涯路。
C．众里寻他千百度，蓦然回首，那人却在灯火阑珊处。
二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）6．有一种江湖黑话，“布”用“摆故”表示，“普”用“排骨”表示，据此，“母”可以用两个字“”与“”来表示。
7．很多人的第一次骄傲是从戴上北大清华校徽开始的。
8．同是我这一个人，要写正经的文章就为了推敲出一个字出心肝，若写些所谓小品，我却是日试万言，可待。
9．研究学习调查分析保证10．高端大气上档次，低调奢华，时尚亮丽，可爱乡村非主流。
三、将下段古文翻译成现代汉语（20分）11．今王公夫人其所富其所贵皆王公大人骨肉之亲无故富贵面目美好者也今王公大人骨肉之亲无故富贵面目美好者焉故必知哉若不知使治其国家则其国家之乱可得而知也今天下之士君子皆欲富贵而恶贫贱然女何为而得富贵而辟贫贱哉曰莫若为王公大人骨肉之亲无故富贵面目美好者王公大人骨肉之亲无故富贵面目美好者此非可学能者也使不知辩德行之厚若禹汤文武不加得也王公大人骨肉之亲躄喑聋瞽①暴为桀纣不加失也是故以赏不当贤罚不当暴……若此则饥者不得食寒者不得衣乱者不得治——选自《墨子·尚贤下》【注】①躄（bì），跛足。
喑（yīn），哑巴。
瞽（gǔ），瞎子。
四、指出下面古文的标点断句错误，并加以纠正。
（每小题2分，共4分）12．楚子之为令尹也，杀大司马薳，掩而取其室。
在襄三十年。
○薳，于委反。
掩，於检反。
2014年北约自主招生英语全真模拟试题 (1)
2014年北约自主招生英语全真模拟试题Part 1.cloze (20%)Most people have no idea of the hard work and worry that goes into the collecting of those fascinating birds and animals that they pay to see in the zoo. One of the questions that is always asked of me is (1) I became an animal collector in the first (2) . The answer is that I have always been interested in animals and zoos. According to my parents, the first word I was able to say with any (3) was not the conventional “mamma” or “daddy”,(4) the word “zoo”, which I would (5) over and over again with a shrill (6) until someone, in groups to (7) me up, would take me to the zoo. When I (8) a little older, we lived in Greece and I had a great (9) of pets, ranging from owls to seahorses, and I spent all my spare time (10) the countryside in search of fresh specimens to (11) to my collection of pets. (12) on I went for a year to the City Zoo, as a student (13) , to get experience of the large animals, such as lions, bears, bison and ostriches, (14) were not easy to keep at home. When I left, I (15) had enough money of my own to be able to (16) my first trip and I have been going (17) ever since then. Thougha collector's job is not an easy one and is full of (18) , it is certainly a job which will appeal(19) all those who love animals and (20) .1. A. how B. where C. when D. whether2. A. region B. field C. place D. case3. A. clarity B. emotion C. sentiment D. affection4. A. except B. but C. except for D. but for5. A. recite B. recognize C. read D. repeat6. A. volume B. noise C. voice D. pitch7. A. close B. shut C. stop D. comfort8. A. grew B. was growing C. grow D. grown9. A. many B. amount C. number D. supply10. A. living B. cultivating C. reclaiming D. exploring11. A. increase B. include C. add D. enrich12. A. later B. further C. then D. subsequently13. A. attendant B. keeper C. member D. aide14. A. who B. they C. of which D. which15. A. luckily B. gladly C. nearly D. successfully16. A. pay B. provide C. allow D. finance17. A. normally B. regularly C. usually D. often18. A. expectations B. sorrows C. excitement D. disappointments19. A. for B. with C. to D. from20. A. excursion B. travel C. journey D. TripPart 2 grammar (15%)21.______, I must do another experiment.A. Be it ever so lateB. It is ever so lateC. It be ever so lateD. So late it be ever22. America will never again have as a nation the spirit of adventure as it______before the West was settled.A. couldB. wasC. wouldD. did23. I______this book in a secondhand bookstore on Nanjing Road.A. came intoB. came aboutC. came roundD. came across24. As teachers we should concern ourselves with what is said, not what we think______.A. ought to be saidB. must sayC. have to be saidD. need to say25. The people at the party were worried about Susan because no one was aware______she had gone.A. where thatB. of whereC. the place whereD. the place26. The Managing Director said that improving relations with the association would not be easy, but that they______to try.A. would have decidedB. decideC. have decidedD. had decided27. We must______that the experiment is controlled as rigidly as possible.A. secureB. ensureC. assureD. issue28. At no time______ other countries.A. China will invadeB. will invade ChinaC. will China invadeD. invade will China29. This is an ideal site for a university______ it is far from the downtown area.A. provided thatB. now thatC. so thatD. in that30. Although Asian countries are generally more______in social customs than Western countries, there have been several notable examples of women leaders in both China and India.A. conservativeB. confidentialC. comprehensiveD. consistent31. Statistics is a discipline______all the other sciences.A. affectedB. affectingC. to be affectedD. being affected32. On turning the corner, we saw the road______steeply.A. departingB. descendingC. decreasingD. depressing33. As a salesman, he works on a (an)______basis, taking 10% of everything he sells.A. incomeB. commissionC. salaryD. pension34. It is not so much the language______the cultural background that makes the book difficult to understand.A. butB. norC. asD. like35. After______seemed an endless night, it was time for them to open the boxes of presents.A. itB. thatC. whatD. there36. Because Edgar was convinced of the accuracy of this fact, he______his opinion.A. struck atB. strove forC. stuck toD. stood for37.______it is you' r e found, you must give it back to the person it belongs to.A. ThatB. BecauseC. WhateverD. However38. There are nations whose lack of contact with the outside world has______poverty.A. fallen intoB. consisted inC. resulted inD. come up to39. Although he refused to act on my suggestion, he had to admit that______what I said.A. it was something inB. there was something inC. it was something as forD. there was something upon40. The pressure______causes Americans to be energetic, but it also puts them under a constant emotional strain.A. to competeB. competingC. to be competedD. having competed41. Because of the unexpected changes, they postponed______us an answer.A. givingB. have givenC. to giveD. to have given42. There ought to be less anxiety over the perceived risk of mountain climbing than______in the public mind today.A. existsB. existC. exitingD. to exist43. As a______actor, he can perform, sing, dance and play several kinds of musical instruments.A. flexibleB. versatileC. sophisticatedD. productive44. He was______to steal the money when he saw it lying on the table.A. draggedB. temptedC. elicitedD. attracted45. The new teacher was very nervous______she was well prepared.A. despiteB. unlessC. evenD. even though46. The pollution question as well as several other issues is going to be discussed when the Congress is in______again next spring.A. assemblyB. sessionC. conferenceD. convention47. Christmas is a Christian holy day usually celebrated on December 25th______the birth of Jesus Christ.A. in accordance withB. in terms ofC. in favor ofD. in honor of48. Since it is too late to change my mind now, I am______to carrying out the plan.A. obligedB. committedC. engagedD. resolved49. It was a bold idea to build a power station in the deep valley, but it______as well as we had hoped.A. came offB. went offC. brought outD. make out50. To survive in the intense trade competition between countries, we must______the qualities and varieties of products we make to the world-market demand.A. improveB. enhanceC. guaranteeD. gearPart 3reading comprehension (40%)Passage 1It is not often realized that women held a high place in southern European societies in the 10th and 11th centuries. As a wife, the woman was protected by the setting up of a dowry (嫁妆). Admittedly, the purpose of this was to protect her against the risk of desertion, but in reality its function in the social and family life of the time was much more important. The dowry was the wife’s right to receive a tenth of all her husband’s property. The wife had the right to with hold consent, in all transactions the husband would make, and more than just a right; the documents show that she enjoyed a real power of decision, equal to that of her husband. In no case do the documents indicate any degree of difference in the legal status of husband and wife.The wife shared in the management of her husband’s personal property, but the opposite was not always true. Women seemed perfectly prepared to defend their own inheritance against husbands who tried to exceed their rights, and on occasion they showed a fine fighting spirit. A case in point is that of Maria Vivas. Having agreed with her husband Miro to sell a field she had inherited, for the needs of the household, she insisted on compensation. None being offered, she succeeded in dragging her husband to the scribe to have a contract duly drawn up assigning her apiece of land from Miro’s personal inheritance. The unfortunate husband was obliged to agree, as the contract says, “for the sake of peace.” Either through the dowry or through being hot-tempered, the wife knew how to win herself, with the context of the family, a powerful economic position.51.Originally, the purpose of a dowry is to_________.A give a woman the right to receive all her husband’s propertyB help a woman to enjoy a higher position in the familyC protect a woman against the risk of desertionD both A and C52.According to the passage, the legal status of the wife in marriage was__________.A higher than that of a single womanB higher than that of her husbandC lower than that of her husbandD the same as that of her husband53. Why does the author give us the example of Maria Vivas?A To show that the wife shared in the management of her husband s personal property.B To show that the wife can defend her own inheritance.C To prove that women have powerful position.D To illustrate how women win her property.54.The compensation Maria Vivas got for the field is____________.A some of the land Miro had inheritedB a tenth of Miro’s landC money for household expensesD money form Miro’s inheritance55. The author’s attitude towards Maria Vivas is_____________.A sympatheticB disapprovalC indifferentD objectivePassage 2A few common misconceptions. Beauty is only skin-deep. One' s physical assets and liabilities don' t count all that much in a managerial career. A woman should always try to look her best.Over the last 30 years, social scientists have conducted more than 1,000 studies of how we react to beautiful and not- so-bea u tiful people. The virtually unanimous conclusion: Looks do matter, more than most of us realize. The data suggest, for example, the physically attractive individuals are more likely to be treated well by their parents, sought out as friends, and pursued romantically. With the possible exception of women seeking managerial jobs they are also more likely to be hired, paid well, and promoted.Un-American, you say, unfair and extremely unbelievable? Once again, the scientists have caught us mouthing pieties (虔诚) while acting just the contrary. Their typical experiment works something like this. They give each member of a group--college students, perhaps, or teachers or corporate personnel managers a piece of paper relating an individual' s accomplishments. Attached to the paper is a photograph. While the papers all say exactly the same thing the pictures are different. Some show a strikingly attractive person, some an average-looking character, and some an unusually unattractive human being. Group members are asked to rate the individual on certain attributes, anything from personal warmth to the likelihood that he or she will be promoted.Almost invariably, the better looking the person in the picture, the higher the person is rated. In the phrase, borrowed from Sappho, that the social scientists use to sum up the common perception, what is beautiful is good.In business, however, good looks cut both ways for women, and deeper than for men. A Utah State University professor, who is an authority on the subject, explains: In terms of their careers, the impact of physical attractiveness on males is only modest. But its potential impact on females can be tremendous, making it easier, for example, for the more attractive to get jobs where they are in the public eye. on another note, though, there is enough literature now for us to conclude that attractive women who aspire (追求) to managerial positions do not get on as well as who may be less attractive.56. In "Beauty is only skin-deep", "skin-deep" can be replaced by______.A. decoratingB. superficialC. expressiveD. demanding57. "One's physical assets and liabilities don' t count all that much in a managerial career."(paral) can be interpretated as______.A. whether or not one looks good or bad, it doesn' t affect much one' s managerial careerB. in one' s managerial career, he may deal with cases like assets and liabilitiesC. in one' s managerial career, he may rarely deal with cases like assets and liabilitiesD. whether or not one looks good or bad, it may affect much one' s managerial career58. The result of research carried out by social scientists show that______.A. people do not realize the importance of looking one' s bestB. women in pursuit of managerial jobs are not likely to be paid wellC. good -looking women aspire to managerial positionsD. attractive people generally have an advantage over those who are not59. "Good looks cut both ways for women" (Para.5) means that______.A. attractive women have tremendous potential impact on public jobB. good-looking women always get the best of everythingC. being attractive is not always an advantage for womenD. attractive women do not do as well as unattractive women in managerial positions60. It can be infe rr ed from the passage that in the business world______.A. handsome men are not affected as much by their looks as attractive women areB. physically attractive women who are in the public eye usually do quite wellC. physically attractive men and women who are in the public eye usually get along quite wellD. good looks are important for women as they are for menPassage 3In 1935, the clarinetist and bandleader Benny Goodman, aged just twenty six, left New York with his fourteen piece “swing”band and, traveling in a ragtag group of cars, headed for the huge Palomar Ballroom in Los Angeles. It was not an easy trip. There were half a dozen dismal, sparsely attended one nighters and three weeks at a dance hall in Denver, where the band was forced to play waltzes, tangos, and novelty numbers. On the opening night at the Palomar, the band played ballad numbers in the first set, and there was little response from the dancers. Then one of the musicians said, if they were going to bomb again they might well do it in style. So Goodman called for his hot, oftenuptempo arrangements, many of them by the ingenious black bandleader and arranger Fletcher Henderson, and the kids stopped dancing, clustered around the bandstand, and began roaring. Before the weeks at the Palomar were over, it was clear that Goodman had suddenly made jazz—still a suspect and largely subliminal American folk music, despite the brilliant inventions during the previous decade of Jelly Roll Morton and others—into a popular music.Goodman s surprising ways continued. In 1936, he shook up the white entertainment establishment by hiring two black musicians—the elegant pianist Teddy Wilson and the plunging vibraphonist Lione Hampton. (To be sure, Wilson and Hampton did not play in the band; instead, they appeared with Goodman and the drummer Gene Krupa during intermissions.) A year later, when the band went into the Paramount Theater in New York for three weeks, legions of kids appeared, and a screaming, dancing riot nearly took pla ce. It was the first great American show frenzy, and it prepared the way for the Sinatra frenzy of 1947, and for all the Beatles frenzies, and for all the mindless rock borne frenzies of the Seventies and Eighties.Then, on the night of January 16, 1938, Goodman, challenging the long hairs, took his band into a sold out Carnegie Hall. The big band played a dozen numbers, the trio two numbers, and the quartet five numbers. Despite the immediate rumblings from Olin Downes, the Times s classical music critic (“The playing last night, if noise, speed and beat, all old devices, are heat, was “hot”as it could be, but nothing came of it all, and in the long run it was decidedly monotonous”), Goodman s concert moved jazz even further up the American popular register. ［412 words］61. This passage is mainlyA a general review of Jazz music.B a biography of Benny Goodman.C about the origin of American folk music.D about how jazz became popular in America.62. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A The band s first music show in Los Angles was an immediate success.B Goodman is considered the father of Jazz music.C Benny Goodman was unknown to public when he left New York.D The band scheduled to play waltzes, tangos and novelty numbers at a dance hall in Denver.63. It could be inferred from the passage thatA Jazz is a style of music native to America.B Classic music had become outdated at Goodman s time.C Morton and Goodman were contemporaries.D Goodman was the first bandleader who hired Black musicians in 1930s.64. The phrase “shake up”(Line 1,Paragraph 2) in the context probably meansA to give a very unpleasant shock.B to make changes to an organization.B to get rid of a problem.D to point out, designate.65. Towards Goodman s music show frenzy, Olin Downes, the classical music critic hasA approving attitude.B satirizing attitude.C regretting mind.D exaggerated tone.Passage 4Development of a widely accepted chronology for the arrival of humans has been equally difficult, and it was only with the development of optically stimulated luminescence dating that a human presence in Australia was confirmed at 53,000 to 60,000 years ago. Older dates for a human presence in Australia have now been shown to be erroneous .The importance of Australia as a separate natural laboratory in which to test extinction theories lies in the fact that humans arrived there much earlier than they arrived in the other continental areas (the Americas and northern Eurasia) that experienced substantial megafaunal extinction. What Miller et al. have shown is that the extinction of Genyornis occurred simultaneously across southeastern Australia (indeed probably right across the continent) about 50,000 years ago. This is very close to the presently accepted time of arrival of humans in Australia. It was also a period of modest climate change, well before the dramatic climatic fluctuations of the terminal Pleistocene. The data of Miller et al., therefore, support those who see human hunting rather than climate as causing the extinction of the megafauna.Genyornis was a ponderous bird, around 80 to 100 kg in weight, about twice as heavy as the living emu and cassowary. It was an inhabitant of Australia s inland plains and some coastal regions, but its legs were relatively short and thick, suggestion that it was a slower runner than the emu. Proponents of human caused extinction suggest that it is just such characteristics that made the megafauna vulnerable to human hunting.A new school of thought has recently established itself in the extinction debate. It advocates the idea that a combination of human impact and climate change was responsible for the extinction of the world s megafauna. The new Genyornis data also weake n that argument, for the following reason. Fifty thousand years ago, Australia was experiencing mild cooling; 11,000 to 12,000 years ago, the Americas were experiencing rapid warming. These disparate climatic conditions, all coincident with megafaunal exti nction, suggest that whatever was happening with climate, it was bad for the big animals. Under these conditions, the hybrid model becomes indistinguishable from the human caused extinction model for the influence of climate becomes extremely weak, and only the arrival of humans is important in predicting extinction.66. The last word “megafauna”in Paragraph 2 most probably meansA birds.B plants.C big animals.D small animals.67. Genyornis was vulnerable to human hunting because it wasA a delicacy.B very weak.C very small in size.D clumsy.68. How many models have been put forward for the extinction of Genyoris?A One.B Two.C Three.D Four.69. That Australia experienced mild cooling and the Americas rapid warming suggests thatA the climatic conditions were unfit for Genyornis to live.B Genyornis were highly adaptable to different climatic conditions.C The two climatic conditions were both bad for Genyornis.D The climatic conditions had nothing to do with the extinction of Genyoris.70. The selection is mainly aboutA the debate over the time of the human presence in Australia.B the relationship between the human presence and magafaunal extinction.C the relationship between human activities and climatic changes.D the debate over factors causing megafaunal extinction.Part 4 word choice (10%)In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each cho ice in the bank is identified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.What is it about Americans and food? We love to eat, but we feel 71 about it afterward. We say we want only the best, but we strangely enjoy junk food. We’re 72with health and weight loss but face an unprecedented epidemic of obesity. Perhaps the 73to this ambivalence lies in our history. The first Europeans came to this continent searching for new spices but went in vain. The first cash crop wasn’t eaten but smoked. Then there was Prohibition, intended to prohibit drinking but actually encouraging more 74ways of doing it.The immigrant experience, too, has been one of in harmony. Do as Romans do means eating what “real Americans”eat, but our nation’s food has come to be 75by imports-pizza, say, or hot dogs. And some of the country’s most treasured cooking comes from people who arrived here in shackles.Perhaps it should come as no surprise then that food has been a medium for the nation’s defining struggles, whether at the Boston Tea Party or the sit-ins at southern lunch counters. It is integral to our concepts of health and even morality whether one refrains from alcohol for religious reasons or evades meat for political 76 .But strong opinions have not brought 77. Americans are ambivalent about what they put in their mouths. We have become 78of our foods, especially as we learn more about what they contain.The 79in food is still prosperous in the American consciousness.It’s no coincidence,then,that the first Thanksgiving holds the American imagination in such bondage(束缚).It’s what we eat—and how we 80it with friends.[A]answer [B]result [C]share [D]guilty[E]constant [F]defined [G]vanish [H]adapted[I]creative [J]belief [K]suspicious [L]certainty[M]obsessed [N]identify [O]idealsPart 5 error correction(10%)If so me one asks you how y ou can make you always81. ________h appy, y ou will perhaps find rather difficult to give him82. ________a proper answer．Did you remember the old saying“No83. ________human being can really happy who i s not giving or t ry ing84. ________to give happiness to others”?If you will always think of85. ________taking more from others and give them less，you won’t be86. ________able to have happiness in your life even you are very rich. 87. ________Here’s an article for you. If each of you follow it, there88. ________will be all end of many unhappy day s of yours．So you should 89. ________learn to give up your own interests when necessarily to do so.90. ________Part 6 Translation (5%)91. I should say Henry is______________(与其说是个作家不如说是) as a reporter.92.In the Chinese household, grandparents and other relatives______________(起着不可缺少的作用) in raising children.93. Mr. Johnson made full preparation for the experiment____________________(以便实验能顺利进行).94. Prices are going up rapidly. Petrol now __________________________(价格是几年前的两倍).95. How close parents are to their children __________________(有很强的影响) the character of the children.1. A【解析】根据下一句及随后的内容，作者讲的是怎样成为动物爱好者的(从小就喜欢动物) ，应当选择A. how。
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[自主招生手册]“北约”自主招生考试作文题目：暖
2012年2月11日，以北京大学为代表的“北约”和以清华大学为代表的“华约”两大自主招生联盟同时举行笔试。
据了解，全国共有近7万考生参加这两大联盟测试。
现场
贵州考生千里赴考
两大联盟的自主招生测试共在京设立了7个考点。
上午8点半，记者在北交大附中的“北约”测试考点看到，考生直接进入校内的一幢教学楼候考，之后再由工作人员带领前往考场，“这样可以避免考生在寒风中受冻了。
”一位工作人员说。
在钢院附中的“华约”测试考点，记者见到了来自贵州的小石。
他是国家级贫困县赫章县第一位参加清华大学自主招生考试的学生，“全县申报了5名学生，小石最后通过了‘自强计划’资格审查。
”小石的指导老师张老师告诉记者，他们学校条件差，上物理、化学课学生连实验都做不了几次，“要没有‘自强计划’，我们的学生很难和大城市里的孩子竞争清华这样的名校。
”
数字
近七万考生进考场
北大招办介绍，共有来自全国的2.8万名考生报名参加“2012年综合型大学自主选拔录取联合考试”。
为此，全国共有33个城市设立了38个考点。
而清华大学、中国人民大学等7所高校组成的“高水平大学自主选拔学业能力测试”(即AAA测试)在全国共设立了45个考点，来自全国的4万余名通过初审的考生参加了考试，其中有近3000人在京参加考试。
清华大学招办介绍，在本次AAA测试中，共有6000余名考生是通过了清华大学初审而参加测试的，这其中包括自主选拔候选人、“新百年自强计划”及“新百年拔尖计划”的候选人，还有一部分文艺特长生候选人。
清华大学除了全面免除“自强计划”候选人的考试
费用外，还接收申请给予了几十名考生困难补助及路费补贴。
另据了解，清华大学将于3月上旬在本科招生网公布初试结果和复试选拔方案，并于3月中旬在清华大学进行复试。
考题
“北约”作文题为“暖”
今天上午，“北约”测试科目为语文和数学，“华约”测试科目为阅读与写作。
中午12点，两大联盟的上午科目测试同时结束。
考生陆续走出考场。
不少考生告诉记者，测试题目不是很难，但是很灵活，另外题量也不小。
记者了解到，“北约”考试语文科目题型有十道选择题，以及现代文阅读、诗歌阅读、古文翻译、作文等。
其中作文题为“暖”，要求字数700至800字，文体不限。
“华约”阅读与写作科目则是一篇话题作文，以“富兰克林没有扶起一名摔倒的女士，因为他觉得帮助她会给那名女士带来尴尬”为材料，讨论“帮助他人会否给他人带来困扰”。
据了解，AAA测试的命题、组织、阅卷和成绩公布由七校共同负责。
考试科目为阅读与写作、数学、自然科学(理科考生)、人文与社会(文科考生)。
清华招办主任于涵介绍，AAA测试注重考查学生综合运用知识的创新潜质，以及创造力、想象力、鉴赏能力和学习能力，命题以现行中学教学大纲为参照，不以超出中学大纲的知识为主要考查目标，但难度和创新性要求会高于高考。