陇东黄土高原石油污染土壤环境因子_省略_nalis_微生物联合修复的响应_王金成

网络出版时间：2014-10-13 23:51网络出版地址：/kcms/doi/10.13671/j.hjkxxb.2014.0961.html环境科学学报Acta Scientiae CircumstantiaeDOI：10.13671/j.hjkxxb.2014.0961陇东黄土高原石油污染土壤环境因子对金盏菊(Calendula officinalis)-微生物联合修复的响应王金成1，2井明博1，2段春燕1，2张希彪1，2刘建新1，2肖朝霞1，2周天林1，2*1. 甘肃省高校陇东生物资源保护与利用省级重点实验室，甘肃庆阳745000；2. 陇东学院生命科学与技术学院，甘肃庆阳745000摘要：为筛选适合陇东黄土高原石油污染土壤修复植物，选取当地“适生”植物金盏菊(Calendula officinalis)联合微生物菌剂开展了为期5个月的原位修复实验。

采用常规方法和PCR-DGGE技术分析了修复过程中土壤理化性质、酶活性及土壤微生物群落遗传多样性等15项土壤环境因子的动态变化情况及其对金盏菊生态修复的响应。

结果表明，随着原位修复的进行，①土壤脲酶、多酚氧化酶、过氧化氢酶及脱氢酶活性均不同程度呈增加的趋势(P<0.05)。

②土壤TPHs、pH、有机质、含盐率的变化情况不尽相同，但总体呈下降的趋势(P<0.05)；土壤碱解氮、速效磷及速效钾含量总体呈上升趋势(P<0.05)。

③土壤微生物群落遗传多样性结果显示，Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数整体呈逐步增加的趋势。

④PCA分析结果显示，土壤脲酶、脱氢酶及碱解氮等环境因子对金盏菊修复表现为促进作用，而有机质含量过高将不利于金盏菊的植物修复。

金盏菊和微生物菌剂联合修复过程中，土壤多酚氧化酶、速效磷、脱氢酶及速效钾发挥主要作用，而土壤TPHs和含盐率过高则影响了联合修复效果。

本研究旨在分析金盏菊用于陇东地区油污土壤的生态响应，结果有助于筛选出适合陇东黄土高原土壤类别-适生植物-土著降解菌群的组合，利用乡土物种的适生性降低修复成本，为陇东地区油污土壤生态修复提供新的技术方案和背景资料。

关键词：陇东黄土高原；石油污染土壤；金盏菊；联合修复；环境因子文章编号: 中图分类号: Q938.1+3 文献标识码: AEnvironmental factors responses to petroleum-contaminated soil in situ remediation by using a combination of Calendula officinalis and microbial agent in eastern Gansu ProvinceWANG Jincheng1,2 JING Mingbo1,2 DUAN Chunyan1,2 ZHANG Xibiao1,2 LIU Jianxin1,2 XIAO Zhaoxia1,2 ZHOU Tianlin1,2*1. University provincial key laboratory for protection and utilization of Longdong Bio-resources in Gansu province, Qingyang,Gansu, 745000，China;2.College of life science and technology, Longdong University, Qingyang, Gansu, 745000，ChinaBiography: WANG Jincheng (1985-)，male，E-mail：E-mail：ldxywjc@；*Corresponding author：E-mail：wensent20002002@.Abstract: In order to select appropriate native plant species in eastern Gansu Province for combined-remediation of petroleum-contaminated soil of loess plateau, the native plant Calendula officinalis had been selected to do the in situ remediation of petroleum-contaminated soil combined with the microbial agent for 5 months. The changes and the responses to the remediation in soil physical and chemical properties as well as enzyme activities were investigated using the conventional methods; also the functional diversity of microbial community was analyzed based on PCR-DGGE. We found that with progress of the remediation,基金项目：甘肃省科技支撑计划项目(1204FKCM173)；甘肃省教育厅科技计划项目(2014B-091)；甘肃省庆阳市科技支撑计划项目(GC2011-16)；陇东学院青年科技创新项目(XYZK1204)Supported by the Science and Technology Support Projects in Gansu Province (NO.1204FKCM173), the Science and Technology Support Projects of theEducation Department of Gansu Province(2014B-091),the Science and Technology Support Projects of Qingyang city in Gansu Province (NO. GC2011-16), and the Science and Technology Innovation Project for Youth in Longdong University (NO. XYZK1204).作者简介：王金成(1985-)，男，E-mail：ldxywjc@；*通讯作者(责任作者)，wensent20002002@soil urease, polyphenol oxidase, dehydrogenase, catalase activities as well as soil electric conductivity, available N, available K and available P significantly increased (P<0.05), while soil TPHs content, pH, organic matter and salt rate significantly decreased (P<0.05). Microbial genetic diversity index of Shannon-Wiener and abundance index Patrick showed an increase trend during in-situ remediation. Principal component analysis indicated that the environmental factors including soil urease, dehydrogenase and available N played the promoting role, while soil organic matter might be harmful to the phytoremediation using the Calendula officinalis. For the combined-remediation using Calendula officinalis and microbial agent, soil polyphenol oxidase, dehydrogenase, available N, and available K played the main promoting role, while soil TPHs might impact the remediation effect . All of the results mentioned above were conducive to select the best combination among local soil category-appropriate native plant species-local oil-degradating microflora, and offered new technical proposal and background information for the remediation of petroleum-contaminated soil in eastern Gansu Province.Keywords:Eastern Gansu Province of loess plateau; Oil-contaminated soil; Calendula officinalis; Combined-remediation; Environmental factors1 引言(Introduction)目前，原油开采区污染土壤的生态修复已成为当今环保领域研究热点(Dashti N et al., 2009；Al-Mailem DM et al., 2010；Agamuthua P et al., 2010；Zhang ZN et al., 2010)，其中植物-微生物联合修复方式以其美化环境、无二次污染及最大限度地降低污染物的浓度等优点已成为最为经济有效的污染治理技术(Tang TC et al., 2010；姚治华等，2006)。

但石油烃中强致癌物会随植物进入食物链并传播，修复植物的选用因而尤为慎重。

因此寻找耐油污植物作为新的修复介质已成为本领域新的研究热点之一(彭胜巍等，2009；欧阳威等，2006；张松林等；2008；焦海华等，2013；程立娟等，2014)。