高中英语定语从句：定语从句易混点精讲精练

高中英语定语从句—与从句易混点精讲精练

定语从句使用时的常见错误:

(1)能否正确使用关系代词或关系副词是写好定语从句的关键。用关系代词还是关系副词，完全取决于其在从句中作什么成分。

①This is the mountain village where I visited last year. (×)

②This is t he mountain village which I visited last year.(√)

解析：which 作为关系代词,指代先行词, 并在从句中充当了宾语。visit the mountain village (which)

(2)无论是关系代词还是关系副词，都在定语从句中充当成分，都有替代作用，而被替代部分需去掉。

①Is this the bike (that) you bought it yesterday? (×)

②Is this the bike (that) you bought yesterday？(√)

解析：关系代词that 已经代替the bike 做了从句动词bought 的宾语，it 为累赘。

(3) whose既可指人又可指物，在定语从句中作定语。

指物时，“whose＋名词”可用“the＋名词＋of which”或“of which＋the＋名词”来代替。

①Do you know the boy whose handwriting is very beautiful?你认识那个书法非常

漂亮的男孩吗？

②This is the house whose window broke last night.

＝This is the house, the window of which broke last night.

＝This is the house, of which the window broke last night.这就是昨晚窗户被打破的那所房子。

解析: whose 表示所属关系，修饰限定后面的名词或代词，of 介词表示“….的”，也可以表示所属关系，此处不可以漏掉定冠词the, 表示特指的意思。

(4). way和time后接定语从句的情况：

(1)当先行词是way(意为“方式、方法”，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，引导定语从句的关系词可以是that, in which或省略。如：

I don't like the way (that/in which) he looks at me.我不喜欢他看我的方式。

(5).定语从句中的动词在人称和数方面应该与它的先行词保持一致

例如：I am not one who is afraid of difficulty.我是个不怕困难的人。

Don't choose me, who am not qualified for this job.不要选我，我不适合做这项工作。Anyone who has questions to ask, please come to my office this afternoon.有问题要

问的人,今天下午到我办公室来。

(6). 涉及“one of the +复数名词+定语从句”结构的主谓一致

先行词是“the (only) one of the +复数名词”时，后面定语从句谓语动词用单数形式, 因为定语从句在意义上修饰的是the one或the only one ,而不是那个复数名词。

Barbara is easy to recognize as she is the only one of the women who wears evening dress. 芭芭拉很容易被认出来，应为她是唯一一个穿晚礼服的女性。

先行词是“one of the +复数名词”时定语从句谓语动词用复数形式，跟定语从句所靠近的那个复数名词在数量上保持一致。

This is one of the books that are required for study at school.这是一本要求在学校啊学习的书。

事实上，即使“one of the +复数名词”这类结构前面没有the only, the very等修饰，其后的定语从句谓语动词也能用单数。

One of the things that fascinates us most about cats is the popular belief that they have nine lives. 最使我们感兴趣的一件事是一种通俗的信念----猫有九条命。

(7)先行词是time时，若time作“次数”讲，应用关系代词that引导定语从句,that 可省略；

若time作“一段时间，时代”讲，应用关系副词when或“介词at/during＋which”引导定语从句。如：

①This is the first time (that) I have talked with a foreigner face to face.这是我第一

次和一个外国人面对面交流。

②There was a time when I hated going to school.曾经有一段时间我讨厌上学。

(8). “名词/代词＋介词＋关系代词”结构

此类结构常见的有“some/many/most/all/none/the largest＋of＋which/whom”等。如：

①Here are the questions, some of which I think are difficult for you.问题都在这儿，其中一些我认为对你来说很难。

②He has three sons, none of whom are doctors.他有三个儿子，没有一个是当医生的。

(9).“复合介词短语＋关系代词which”引导的定语从句，其从句部分常与先行词用逗号隔开，且从句部分常用倒装语序。

He lived in a big house, in front of which stood a big tree.他住在一所大房子里，房子前面有一棵大树。

用适当的关系词填空：

1.Those _______ do simple and ordinary jobs are also promoting the development of society.

2. _______ we all know, cleaning the street is one of the hardest work.

3. My teacher advised me to repeat the materials several times and read them aloud, ___________ they think will help improve my memory.

4. I shall never forget those days _________ I lived in the country with farmers, ________ has a great effect on my life.

5. This is the very child _________ parents were killed in the war.

6. Could you tell me for _____________ you have bought this jacket?

7. Children under fifteen are not permitted to see such kind of film ________ is bad for their mental development.

8. I live next door to a couple ________ children often make a lot of noise.

9. Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears , none of ______ has been proved.

10.Everyone will go through life's stages of ups and downs，________self- respect plays a key role in the maturity of a person.

11.While she was getting me ___________(settle) into a tiny but clean room, the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to a small town some 20 kilometers away _________ there was a garage.

12. Jane paused in front of a counter _________ some attractive ties were on display.

13.He filled his leather container so that he could bring some back to an elder __________ had been his teacher.

14.Behind him were other people to__________ he was trying to talk, but after some minutes they walked away and sat near me, looking annoyed.

15.Of course whenever they turned to look at him, they had to look at Mary, ___________ made her feel like a star.

16. Nick’s guests, __________ had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could.