英语文章4
2006年英语一text4
2006年英语一text4English Answer:Text 4 explores the complex and multifaceted nature of cultural identity, emphasizing its fluidity and dynamic evolution. The text begins by acknowledging that cultural identity is not a fixed or monolithic concept, but rather a continuous and ongoing process of self-discovery and construction. It highlights the role of personal experiences, social interactions, and historical contexts in shaping and reshaping one's identity.The concept of cultural hybridity is introduced, recognizing that individuals often possess multiplecultural affiliations and identities. This hybridity can result from globalization, migration, and cross-cultural encounters. The text argues that hybridity can challenge traditional notions of cultural purity and lead to new and innovative forms of self-expression.Furthermore, the text examines the relationship between cultural identity and power dynamics. It suggests that cultural identities are often constructed and maintained through processes of inclusion and exclusion. Those whohold dominant positions within society may seek to define and control the norms and values associated with aparticular culture, while marginalized groups may negotiate and resist these definitions.The text concludes by underscoring the importance of recognizing and embracing the diversity of cultural identities. It argues that fostering an inclusive and respectful society requires acknowledging and valuing the multiple ways of being and understanding the world.Chinese Answer:文中对文化身份的论述：本文探讨了文化身份的复杂性和多面性，强调了它的流动性和动态演变。
高考英语短文阅读类训练(4)
毛额市鹌鹑阳光实验学校2014高考英语短文阅读类训练（4）及答案或解析Trust as defined in wikipedia is the feeling of being sure someone or soothing can be relied upon. Trust is a big issue in many people’s lives. It produces an emotional feeling that is tied to the core ﹙核心﹚of a person’s very existence,Why do we want to break anyone’s trust? Why does this happen over and over again? It may stem from﹙起源于﹚ pride, control. dislikes, a difference of opinion and misunderstandings. Perhaps when you are living your life without self－worth and self－love then you are living your life in a continual state of negative thoughts and emotions. What you feel inside is evident by what you do and what you say. When you shift ﹙改变﹚ your energy within yourself and find your place of love and worth then your view of this world will change for the better. This energy shift towards the positive will shift everything that you think, say and do. Being kind to yourself projects outward to the world by being kind and good to others. This projection is the outcome of this positive energy shift, Our true self is one of love and feeling worthy of all the goodness and happiness.We have a tendency to look outside of ourselves for fulfillment﹙满足﹚ when this feeling of fulfillment can be found within ourselves. The answers to our questions about life and love are within us. Sometimes we need to give ourselves a break and to be most loving, most kind and most patient with us. Care for and love yourself to find the joy within. The love and peace of this world is in each and every one of us. Meditation﹙沉思﹚ can bridge that trust that we can have in ourselves. Then we can have more trust in the world and in others. When everything around us is breaking up meditation can help to keep us centered so we can find that deep connection of love and worthiness. That is your true self wanting to shine through. We can not control anything else but we can control what we do . When you choose to help yourself then you choose to trust yourself. Trust can lead us to a life of peace and love and fulfillment. The world has its own programs. Trust in love and peace and live your life like you mean it!The first paragraph serves as a﹙n﹚＿.A. backgroundB. comparisonC. commentD. explanation2.If you want to have a positive life, you should＿.A. find an environment that is full of positive thingsB. try to show your true self naturally and continuouslyC. work hard to change all the outside world around youD. fight with anyone who dislikes you2. When you fail or feel disappointed you should＿.A. stop and adjust yourselfB. continue to work even harderC. ask others for the key to successD. try to fully recognize your own fault3.Based on this text meditation might make us ＿.A. move from mistrust to trustB. live a meaningless and unchangeable lifeC. modest when we achieve somethingD. lose the courage to fight and step forward4. By writing this text the author wants to ＿.A. teach us how to deal with failureB. explain what a successful life isC. encourage us to trust ourselvesD. show the importance of help﹙出处：维克多英语高考阅读6﹢1，下册p34﹚解析：本文是一篇议论文。
新视野大学英语4第三单元作文范文
The Power of Perseverance: Overcoming Challenges in English LearningAs students of English, we often encounter various challenges that test our perseverance and commitment. The third unit of New Horizons College English Book 4 presents a thought-provoking topic: the importance of perseverance in overcoming these challenges. In this essay, I aim to explore the essence of perseverance, its role in English learning, and how we can cultivate this valuable trait.Perseverance is the steadfastness in doing something despite difficulty or delay in achieving success. It is a quality that is essential for effective learning,especially in the field of English, where constant practice and exposure to the language are paramount. The road to fluency in English is often fraught with obstacles, such as vocabulary gaps, grammatical complexities, and cultural misunderstandings. However, it is perseverance that helps us navigate these challenges and emerge stronger.One of the key benefits of perseverance in English learning is the accumulation of knowledge and skills. Through regular practice and exposure, we gradually buildup a solid foundation in the language. This foundation not only enhances our communication abilities but also broadens our cultural horizons. As we persevere, we become more confident in our language abilities, which in turn spurs us to explore and learn more.Moreover, perseverance instills in us a sense of resilience and determination. When faced with difficulties, it is perseverance that helps us stay focused and motivated. It teaches us to view failures as stepping stones tosuccess and to learn from our mistakes. This resilience is invaluable in the long run, as it prepares us for the inevitable challenges that life throws at us.To cultivate perseverance in English learning, we can adopt several strategies. Firstly, setting clear and achievable goals is crucial. This helps us stay focused and motivated, knowing that every small step forward is a step closer to our ultimate goal. Secondly, regular practice is essential. We should make it a habit to engage with English daily, whether through reading, listening, speaking, or writing. Finally, we should celebrate our small successes and use them as motivation to keep going. Every time weovercome a challenge or make progress, we should pause to appreciate our efforts and achievements.In conclusion, perseverance is the key to overcoming challenges in English learning. It is a quality that helps us accumulate knowledge and skills, instills resilience and determination, and prepares us for future challenges. By setting clear goals, engaging with English regularly, and celebrating our successes, we can cultivate this valuable trait and achieve greater heights in our English learning journey.**坚持的力量：克服英语学习中的挑战**作为英语学习者，我们经常遇到各种挑战，考验我们的毅力和承诺。
2012年考研英语Text4阅读逐句分析
2013年考研英语Text4阅读逐句分析If the trade unionist Jimmy Hoffa were alive today, he wouldprobably representcivil servants. When Hoffa’s Teamsters were in their prime in 1960, only one in ten American government workers belonged to a union; now 36% do. In 2009 the number of unionists in America’s public sector passed that of their fellow members in the private sector. In Britain, more than half of public-sector workers but only about 15% of private-sector ones are unionized.36. It can be learned from the first paragraph that _________.[A] Teamsters still have a large body of members[B] Jimmy Hoffa used to work as a civil servant[C] unions have enlarged their public-sector membership[D] the government has improved its relationship with unionists单词&词组搭配•represent [ˌreprɪˈzent]（出现6次）v.代表，象征，维护...的利益•prime [praɪm]（出现3次）adj.首先的，基本的；n.盛年，鼎盛时期•civil servant（公务员）•one in ten （十分之一）•belong to（属于）•public sector（公共部门）•private sector（私有部门）本段翻译如果工会主义者吉米还活着的话，他很可能代表着公务员。
2018考研英语一 阅读理解 text4
2018考研英语一阅读理解text4The U.S. Postal Service (USPS) continues to bleed red ink. It reported a net loss of $5.6 billion for fiscal 2016, the 10th straight year its expenses have exceeded revenue. Meanwhile, it has more than $120 billion in unfunded liabilities, mostly for employee health and retirement costs. There are many bankruptcies. Fundamentally, the USPS is in a historic squeeze between technological change that has permanently decreased demand for its bread-and-butter product, first-class mail, and a regulatory structure that denies management the flexibility to adjust its operations to the new reality.And interest groups ranging from postal unions to greeting-card makers exert self-interested pressure on the USPS’s ultimate overseer-Congress-insisting that whatever else happens to the Postal Service, aspects of the status quo they depend on get protected. This is why repeated attempts at reform legislation have failed in recent years, leaving the Postal Service unable to pay its bills except by deferring vital modernization.Now comes word that everyone involved---Democrats, Republicans, the Postal Service, the unions and the system's heaviest users-has finally agreed on a plan to fix the system. Legislation is moving through the House that would save USPS an estimated $28.6 billion over five years, which could help pay for new vehicles, among other survival measures. Most of the money would come from a penny-per-letter permanent rate increase and from shifting postal retirees into Medicare. The latter step would largely offset the financial burden of annually pre-funding retiree health care, thus addressing a long-standing complaint by the USPS and its union.If it clears the House, this measure would still have to get through the Senate -where someone is bound to point out that it amounts to the bare, bare minimum necessary to keep the Postal Service afloat, not comprehensive reform. There’s no change to collective bargaining at the USPS, a major omission considering that personnel accounts for 80 percent of the agency’s costs. Also missing is any discussion of eliminating Saturday letter delivery. That common-sense change enjoys wide public support and would save the USPS $2 billion per year. But postal special-interest groups seem to have killed it, at least in the House. The emerging consensus around the bill is a sign that legislators are getting frightened about a politically embarrassing short-term collapse at the USPS. It is not, however, a sign that they’re getting serious about transforming the postal system for the 21st century.36. The financial problem with the USPS is caused partly by .[A] its unbalanced budget.[B] its rigid management.[C] the cost for technical upgrading.[D] the withdrawal of bank support.37. According to Paragraph 2, the USPS fails to modernize itself due to .[A] the interference from interest groups.[B] the inadequate funding from Congress.[C] the shrinking demand for postal service.[D] the incompetence of postal unions.38. The long-standing complaint by the USPS and its unions can be addressed by .[A] removing its burden of retiree health care.[B] making more investment in new vehicles.[C] adopting a new rate-increase mechanism.[D] attracting more first-class mail users.39. In the last paragraph, the author seems to view legislators with .[A] respect.[B] tolerance.[C] discontent.[D] gratitude.40. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A] The USPS Starts to Miss Its Good Old Days[B] The Postal Service: Keep Away from My Cheese[C] The USPS: Chronic Illness Requires a Quick Cure[D] The Postal Service Needs More than a Band-Aid【参考答案及解析】36. [答案][B] its rigid management[解析]根据题干判断本题考查因果细节。
2020考研英语二text4
文章主题：2020考研英语二text4分析及解读一、文本概况1.1 文本标题：The World as Yet Unseen1.2 文本来源：2020年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（二）真题 1.3 文本类型：阅读理解二、文本内容概述2.1 文本主题：探讨未被发现的世界2.2 文本结构：分为三段，第一段介绍未被发现的生物多样性；第二段介绍未被发现的地下世界；第三段阐述人类对未被发现世界的认知和发展构想。
三、文本分析3.1 第一段分析：未被发现的生物多样性3.1.1 描述文中对未被发现的生物多样性的阐述3.1.2 分析作者观点及论据支持3.2 第二段分析：未被发现的地下世界3.2.1 描述文中对未被发现的地下世界的阐述3.2.2 分析作者观点及论据支持3.3 第三段分析：人类对未被发现世界的认知和发展构想3.3.1 描述文中对人类认知和发展构想的阐述3.3.2 分析作者观点及论据支持四、文本解读4.1 文本主题解读：生物多样性和地下世界的未知性4.2 文本意义探讨：对人类认知和发展构想的启示4.3 文本思想内涵：人类对自然的敬畏和探索欲望五、文章结构5.1 开篇概述：介绍文本基本信息及主题5.2 分段阐述：按照文本结构逐段分析5.3 总结发散：对文本的整体解读和思想内涵探讨六、参考资料6.1 文本原文6.2 相关研究文献6.3 考研英语二历年真题七、结语7.1 对文章内容的总结回顾7.2 对文本启示的展望和思考以上就是2020考研英语二text4分析及解读的全文内容，希會令读者有所收获。
很抱歉，我似乎重复地提供了之前的内容。
让我再试一次并继续写一些内容来扩展文章。
八、文本分析在第一段中，作者提到了未被发现的生物多样性。
这部分内容主要介绍了地球上仍未被人类发现的大量生物种类。
这使我们不禁要思考，我们对自然世界了解的究竟有多少。
在这个部分，作者强调了保护野生动植物的重要性，因为我们不仅仅是在保护一种生物，还在保护整个生态系统。
2022年国开人文英语4机考作文
2022年国开人文英语4机考作文介绍一下你最好的朋友，写一篇文章要求：1、不少于八十词。
文章简单易懂。
《我的好朋友》I have a very good friend. His name is Philip. As far as Im concerned, hes very kind-hearted and generous. Once I was in high school, he treated me friendly and sincerely. When I was happy, he was also happy with me. When I was sad, he always comforted me. When I was defeated, he always encouraged me. When I stumbled, he always pulled me up. Although we quarreled at times, we were still in good relationships. We could know each other better after the argument. When my birthday came, he always sent me a special present.Hes very hard-working and intelligent. He always studied hard at school. Because of his hard work, he always did very well in exams. His oral English was better than mine. Most of the time, he was willing to chat with me in English. Owing to his help, I made a lot of progress in oral English.《我的好朋友李华》Li Hua is my goodfriend. We are classmates. He is tallest in our class. He is very kind andalways ready to help others. We have many in common, so that we have manythings to talk. For example, we both like playing basketball and we like thesame basketball playerKobe.Besides, we both like cartoon very much. We always watch cartoon programtogether. At weekends, weplay basketball often. The more important, he studieshard. So do I. We can make progress together. He is a good friend.《我的好朋友》Zeng Qiao is one of my friends. She is a beautiful, outgoingand good-tempered girl. She smiles frequently. I think it’s her smile that makes her beau ty. We live in the same dormitory, so that we always stay together, no matter going to classroom or having dinners. At first, I don’t like her very much, because she is always talking. It seems that she can’t stop open her mouth. I am a little bit quiet and introverted, so I seldom talk to others. But gradually, I find that she can have influence on others by what she says. Zeng Qiao likes sharing interesting things with others. For example, she likes telling us her funny stories of her childhood or her former classmates. She always tells me that I should be more extroverted andlearn to talk to others. Under the influence of her, I municate with others more frequently and I find that it feels so great. I am so grateful that I can have such a good friend.。
大学英语议论文范文(优选4篇)
大学英语议论文范文第1篇英语议论文的格式一、英语议论文写作要点者同意自己的看法,提出若干理由,企图说服他人.高中英语议论文的写作要注意以下要点:1.论点要鲜明、确切．一篇议论文只能有一个中心论点．论点一般在开头提出，然后加以论证．2.论据要充分、可靠．一般是以事实为论据，也可以利用成语，格言，名人名言作为论据．i borrowed a book from the library last week .it was very boring and difficult .i read only ten pages. therefore, i think that all library books are useless.评注: it does not have a logical argument .the writer dislike one library book, but not all library books are the same. the writer should not make a general statement (all library books are useless) based on his reactions to one single book.二、议论文的写作步骤:大学英语议论文范文第2篇英语议论文作文：关于我Hello, my name is Jian ’m a ’m 12 years ’m in Class 5,Grade ’m tall and thin.In the school,I’m a good student. At my home,I’m s good son.I like playing badminton, playing the violin and so on. Sometimes, I play badminton with my good friends, sometimes; I watch badminton games on like blue and green, because they’re very beautiful. I like eating watermelons and mangoes very much.This is me. Do you like me?大学英语议论文范文第3篇英语作文的格式作文与阅读一样极为重要。
新编大学英语4课后作文参考文章
Unit 1Directions: Write a composition on either of the following topics. Use at least 6 words or phrases in your composition from the list below.1) My Favorite Pastime2) How People Spend Their Leisure TimeMy Favorite PastimeSample 1My favorite pastime is writing. You may not think it is a pastime. But to me it is, because it is a form of relaxation that takes my mind away from other things when I feel tired.I began to like writing when I was a pupil in primary school. I was imaginative and created many interesting stories at that time. When I told my stories to my friends on our way home from school, they enjoyed them. Then telling a story I wrote on the way back home soon became my regular practice. That made me really happy. I had never thought of writing as entertainment before. Sometimes I wrote down my stories and passed them around among my classmates.When I was in high school, I began to like poems. This was because of the influence of my best friend. She liked poems very much, so gradually I learned to appreciate poems. When I am writing poems, I can concentrate for a long time, totally losing myself. No matter whether I am happy or sad I start writing poems to express myself.Let me tell you a little secret. Now I'm writing a science fiction about time travel. I'm sure it is original and interesting. However, writing definitely takes time, and how I wish I could have more time to pursue this hobby. I may not become a professional writer, but I will always enjoy writing. (238 words)Sample 2I usually spend my leisure time on various things such as watching TV, reading, swimming and playing table tennis. But if you ask me what's my favorite pastime, I would definitely say that it is playing computer games.I like computer games and surfing on the Internet. Many people believe playing computer games is harmful to one's health, especially to the eyes. But I don't quite agree. I think playing computer games benefits me. First, as a way of relaxation, it also gives me a sense of accomplishment. Secondly, I gain a lot of knowledge I cannot find in textbooks. For instance, when I played Civilization II, I began to realize the importance of science, because it was impossible to defeat the enemy in the game if you didn't develop science. Finally and most importantly, I have to use an English-Chinese dictionary from time to time because most of the games are in English. So the more games I play, the greater progress I make in English. The games are entertaining and instructive.I also like surfing on the Internet. There is a huge amount of information there. It has become more and more popular and important. It is said that those who control the Internet will conquer the world in the future. That is perhaps an illusion but I want to be a master of the future.In a word, I like playing with my computer very much. It appeals to my curiosity and my desire to escape from the limited world of my room. (255 words)How People Spend Their Leisure TimeSample 1Many people are often very busy with various things at work or at home so they have no time for entertainment. But this is really bad for one's health. So we should make an effort to look for relaxation. A proverb says, "All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy."People in different regions may have different forms of activities. In China one of the most popular activities is traveling, especially going to the remote areas which are not seriously polluted. These isolated locations appeal to travelers who want to get close to nature because they are tired of stressful city life.Other people who can afford neither the time nor the money for travel will stay at home, watching TV, going to the movies or concerts, or inviting some friends over for a party. Children like to go to the park, play computer games, and participate in sports. Young women like to go shopping while young men prefer to stay at home, watching TV and drinking tea.The popularity of pastimes varies according to age, sex, personality and financial situations. Whatever one's pastime is, I'm sure that after it he or she will feel relaxed, more refreshed and ready to start a new day's work. Pastimes offer a way to take one's mind away from the stresses of everyday life. (220 words) Sample 2Nowadays leisure activities are popular not only with wealthy people but also with people with low incomes. There are entertainment pages in the newspapers that give information on how you can spend your leisure time. Different people prefer different types of entertainment depending on the season, their personality and income. Some people like to spend their leisure time relaxing indoors, pursuing their hobbies. Others look for outdoorrelaxation.In the spring when it is warm, nature becomes more and more beautiful with trees and grass turning green and flowers blossoming. It is a good time for people to go sightseeing, boating, and picnicking. In summer, it is too hot outdoors, so they like to stay at home, enjoying cold watermelon or ice cream.People who like reading will go to the library instead of visiting scenic spots. For them, books are everything. They'd like to bury their heads in books, ignoring everything else. Contrary to these people, there are always individuals who require more exciting activities like rock climbing, bungee jumping, ballooning and so on. These attractions appeal to the sense of adventure that is typical of them. (190 words)Unit 2Directions: Write a composition on either of the following topics. Use at least 6 of the words and phrases from the box.1) Is writing better than calling?2) Words I Will Never ForgetIs Writing Better than Calling?Sample 1The conventional way of sending messages is writing a letter. Though it takes a lot of time, it is one of the most commonly used ways of communication. With the development of science and technology, the telephone emerged and it becomes so popular that it is indispensable in our daily life.It is difficult to say which is better. Every means of communication has its advantages and disadvantages. Writing a letter is not only a means of communication, but also a kind of pleasure. What is more, the letters can be kept and read again and again. Sometimes they are inspiring, and sometimes they are encouraging. You can write a lot of things in a letter and it does not cost you much to mail it. But it is slow, and you have to wait a long time to get a response from your friends. On the other hand, making telephone calls is much faster, so they are more appropriate when you need a quick reply. They also enable you to hear your friends' voice, which gives you a wonderful feeling. It is so easy just to pick up the phone and call whereas writing takes more energy. But telephoning is expensive, and sometimes you cannot remember all the comments that are made because calls are transient, and cannot be kept for reading later like treasured letters.So it is very hard to say which is better. The only thing we can do is to make a wise choice between writing and calling according to the situation. (258 words)Sample 2Are letters better than telephone calls? My answer is yes.My first reason is that letters can be kept for a long time. I treasure all the letters from my friends and reread them in my spare time. To me they are the symbols of friendship. Every time I feel exhausted or lonely, they give me encouragement and strength. Letters are an inspiring source of courage.My second reason is that the words in the letters are written after rumination, while calls are not. When you write a letter you have enough time to think about how to express your ideas, so you won't say anything that shouldn't be said. But when you are talking on the phone, sometimes you say something unconsciously that you may regret, or you may make a comment that is misunderstood or that hurts your friend.For some cases, such as love letters, writing is more romantic. Words on a page seem more expressive. Sometimes you feel more confident writing your feelings than conveying them over the phone. (172 words)Words I Will Never ForgetSample 1Whenever I listen to the inspiring song "Cordial Hero", I escape into the past. I think about many extraordinary days I went through. In those days when I was pessimistic, overwhelmed with difficulties, the song would summon up my courage and uplift me. Then, I could feel that my strength was reinforced and that my body had a renewed source of energy. I would be more confident and ready to handle everything.The following words gave me great encouragement: "How can we see a rainbow without a storm? No one can succeed without effort." When I was worried about tests, when I was misunderstood or criticized by others, or when things went against my expectations, the song seemed to say to me: Listen, life isn't a wide smooth road, there will be some muddy paths ahead. No one can avoid this. Instead we should be grateful to difficulties because they enable us to mature. With each challenge being overcome we learn to get over our problems more easily.Many years have flown by, and many things have passed. But this beautiful song and its expressive words are always around me and encouraging me to brave the storm. (195 words)Sample 2I was raised in the countryside by my grandmother. She was a very courageous and inspiring woman and was very beautiful, too. In comparison with her and some of my classmates, I always felt that I was not pretty. In fact,when I was in middle school, I thought I was ugly and because of these negative feelings I was not very confident. I often felt self-conscious.One day when I was walking with my grandmother, we met one of her friends. We talked for a few minutes. Just as my grandmother's friend was about to leave, she turned to me and said, "Xiaowen, you look very beautiful today in that green dress."No one had ever made a comment like that to me before. It was so encouraging. Suddenly I felt confident and happy. I couldn't believe that some one would describe me as beautiful. It's true that those words turned my life around. And I admit that I treasured that green dress for a long time. (171 words)Unit 3Directions: Follow the procedure to conduct a survey to find out the students' view of the following topic: Who are teachers' pets, boys or girls?Procedure:1) Design a written questionnaire.2) Interview at least 30 students.3) Write a report of your survey, analyzing the answers of the respondents to your questions both in the questionnaire and the interview. Use at least 6 words or phrases in your composition from the list below. Remember to write neatly, whether you are male or female.Sample 1Who Are Teachers' Pets, Boys or Girls?This is a difficult question that I can't really answer on my own, so I made a surveyamong 30 other students for their opinions. There were 9 boys and 21 girls among them. I gave them each two statements and asked them whether they agreed or disagreed and why. I have chosen some of the interesting comments."The teachers' pets are the top students. That's fair." Seventeen students agreed with this opinion. They said it was natural because people always like the best things or the best people. In addition, it is easy for the top students to draw the teachers' attention. Average students have fewer chances to have close contact with teachers, let alone to be their pets."Male teachers tend to like girls better and female teachers tend to like boys better." Five students agreed with this statement. They said that which gender will be the teacher's pets depends on the teacher's gender. Obviously, it is all because of the attraction between the sexes.Four students didn't agree with either statement because teachers like boys more than girls. They said that teachers always think boys are smarter than girls. Teachers are used to asking boys to answer questions and letting them do hands-on work. One person said it was not because teachers liked boys better, but because they think girls are afraid of losing face.Finally, there were four students who thought teachers like girls more than boys because girls are more obedient and neat. They can, and will, help teachers do things. They also said that girls generally got higher marks.I think teachers in China are fairer than those in the West. When I read "Boys Are Teachers' Pets" I was surprised. I never thought girls would be ignored even if they were good students. Perhaps some teachers prefer girls in primary school and boys in middle school. But, all in all, I think the top students are always teachers' pets.Sample 2Who Are Teachers' Pets, Boys or Girls?To answer this question, we designed a questionnaire and gave it to 30 students. They just had to put a mark in the square that corresponded to their opinion. We then analyzedthe results of our survey. The results of the survey are shown in the following table:According to the results of the survey, we can see that in primary school girls are thought of as teachers' pets. When they are very young, boys are naughtier than girls, and the latter are generally very well-behaved.As they get older, boys are more likely to be teachers' pets. In middle school, boysperform better in subjects like math and physics. Boys are thought to be cleverer than girls. As teenagers, both girls and boys are well-behaved. Since boys are no longer naughty, it is easier for them to become teachers' pets.Most students feel that neither boys nor girls become teachers' pets in college. Teachers don't know their students as well as teachers in junior or senior middle school, so they don't have pets.According to the results of our survey, we can conclude that whether boys or girls are teachers' pets depends on their age.Unit 4Directions: Write a composition entitled "How to Encourage Creativity in Students?" based on the ideas you have come up with in your discussion in Activity 7 in Further Development.How to Encourage Creativity in Students?Sample 1Success has often been linked to creativity. However, more and more evidence proves that school education seems to discourage creativity in students. First, students should be allowed to free their imagination. Students also have rights to produce strange drawings and ask foolish questions, for they can sometimes lead to creativity.Don't look down on children's tricks and games. Play is an important step on the road to the success of the greatest scientists and artists. According to research on the human brain, the two halves of the human brain do different kinds of work in everyday life. The left half manages tasks related to logical reasoning and language skills. The right half controls things such as drawing, music, imagination, and even dreams.Of course, praising good ideas and encouraging unusual points of view are important ways to encourage creative thinking. However, the real answer lies in encouraging students to think in pictures and to express themselves in simple drawings. It might be a good way to let the right half of their brains do exercises. Besides,letting students do imaginative assignments like making up stories and encouraging them to daydream when they are free are also effective ways to wake up their creativity. (203 words)Sample 2First of all, students should be encouraged to have hands-on experience as much as possible. If a student is interested in machines, let him/her make car models, for example. If a student likes clothes, he/she should have the opportunity to sew a garment for himself/herself. Students can also be encouraged to design something they have never seen before. In brief, they can use their imagination and knowledge to do whatever they can and whatever they like.Of course, when they encounter difficulties, as their teacher, I'll be ready to help them if they need my help. But it doesn't mean I will do everything for them. Instead of telling them the answer right away, I will engage them to solve the problem themselves. When the student manages to solve the problem, he will gain more confidence and will be more willing to rely on himself/herself for solutions in the future. Thus the student will become more and more creative.At the same time, students should read, think and discuss with others. This process will enable them to gain inspiration from other people. For example they can read about famous inventors and examples of creativity. In addition, students should be allowed to have foolish ideas and make mistakes. This will help create a good atmosphere for creative thought. (225 words)Unit 5Directions: Write a composition on either of the following topics. Use at least 6 of the words or phrases from the box below.1) The Athletes I Admire Most2) Athletes Should (Not) Be Role ModelsSample 1The Athlete I Admire MostThe athlete I admire most is Burgcamp. He is a world famous soccer star. He has comprehensive skills, so he shines as a forward. He always lives up to his fans' expectations. He enabled his club team to win the British Championship. He is a fair player and isn't violent. So he is welcome anywhere and at any time. Perhaps you think the performance of soccer stars such as Ronaldo and Michael Owen is also excellent and you wonder why I admire Burgcamp most. Now let me tell you the reasons.First of all, he is Dutch. I like Holland very much. It is a very small, beautiful and civilized country. I think the Dutch are full of wisdom and courage. They filled the sea with soil and constructed dams to keep the sea water out. Burgcamp is a hero in the eyes of Dutch people because he has brought glory to their nation and contributed to the positive image of the Dutch people.Secondly, I like the Dutch National Team very much. The members wear orange sportswear. Orange is the color I like best, because it means passion, energy and intensity. The members of the Dutch National Team give you these feelings. I think the Italians are too conservative, while the Brazilians are so rash that they lack cooperation. But the Dutch are very brilliant. They are well-organized, and Burgcamp is the soul of the team. He is a true role model. That's why I admire him the most. (249 words)Sample 2The Athletes I Admire MostAlthough we were asked to write about the athlete we admire most, I would like to write about two athletes: Shen Xue (申雪) and Zhao Hongbo (赵宏博). They are Chinese pair skaters and have won many championships. Their performances have thrilled audiences all over the world. They are now among the top athletes in figure skating and will probably win a medal at the next Olympic Games.I admire them for many reasons. First, the beauty and intensity of their skating has contributed to the popularity of figure skating in China. Many young skaters will follow their lead. Second, I admire their indomitable spirit. If they fall, they get up and continue skating. They are hardworking and courageous. I also admire their teamwork. Pair skaters have to be strong individual skaters and at the same time they must be in harmony with each other and with the music. Shen Xue and Zhao Hongbo are my role models. (155 words)Sample 3Athletes Should Be Role ModelsWhether they like it or not athletes are role models. If they participate in national or international sports and win, we admire them. We don't necessarily worship them, but we think about their courage and determination when we are discouraged.Most athletes are examples of good qualities. They aim for perfection and they have a lot of self-discipline. These are positive characteristics that I would like to have. Since we live in a competitive world today, we need the qualities that athletes have in order to succeed.Some athletes, however, do not measure up to our expectations. They become greedy and selfish. Perhaps they think that because they are famous they can do anything they want. Some athletes become very rich and powerful. But the Chinese athletes I admire are not in that category. They are positive role models.The role models we choose can come from any walk of life. In a sense, athletes are the center of attention, we can watch their performance on television or we can read about them in the newspaper. We can talk about them with our friends. Athletes are like public heroes that can inspire us. (193 words)Sample 4Athletes Should Not Be Role ModelsAthletes are specialists in physical performance. They excel in athletic skills but they cannot be expected to be excellent or knowledgeable in other areas. They train all the time to be competitive and to win games.I am not interested in sports and I am not an athlete, so I do not see how athletes could be role models for me.I hope to become a scientist, therefore my role models are not sports stars.How can one admire athletes like Mike Tyson? He is greedy and selfish and he is actually a criminal. Many athletes have so much money that they believe they don't have to care about other people. They do not give back anything to their community. They do not accept their social responsibility but enjoy being put on a pedestal by fans who worship them. They think they are above other people in society. I admire people who contribute to the society, not people who think they are superior to others.Indeed，Michael Jordan is a very famous basketball player. He worked very hard to reach perfection. Everyone in the world knows him because he is a star and he is in many advertisements. He has become very rich not only because he is a professional athlete but also because he endorses many brand names like Nike. But I never value all these things, so why should I choose him as a role model? (238 words)Unit6Directions: Write a composition entitled "Are Environmental Risks Worth Taking?" basing on the results of your discussion in Activity 5 in Part Three.Are Environmental Risks Worth Taking?Sample 1It seems that environmental risks are worth taking. China is a great nation and she must develop her economy to improve the living conditions of the people. In order to do this, she has to take risks of all kinds. Pollution is one of the major consequences of technological and economic growth.If stricter controls are placed on companies and if laws are made to help limit pollution, we can minimize the risks on the environment. Unfortunately, installing anti-pollution devices on chimneys and cleaning up the rivers and lakes are very costly. And very often people are near-sighted when they make their choices.It is too late to turn back. The market economy has brought many good changes that have improved people's lives. Progress of any kind has always involved risks. We must be prepared to take risks in order to move ahead. However, we must not move blindly. We must remain vigilant with regard to the environmental consequences of our economic development. We must not proceed so quickly that we put the health of the population at risk. (179 words) Sample 2I don't think environmental risks are worth taking. Man has already done too much damage to the planet. We will all suffer the consequences of increased global warming, massive pollution of rivers and oceans, and continuous destruction of forests. We must start looking for more ways to improve the environment rather than continuing to damage it.Of course, we all want to have a more comfortable life. We want all the modern devices such as refrigerators, television sets, air-conditioners and other household items that bring us convenience and comfort. We want cars instead of bicycles so as to travel faster and over longer distances. We want to be able to buy more and more things. But at what cost? If we produce more garbage, if we pollute the air, the land and the great rivers more seriously, we will not be able to breathe fresh air or drink clean water. Health risks will increase and our life span will decrease.So the environmental risks are not worth taking at all in the long run. The short-term gains can't outweigh the long-term pain and suffering. We shouldn't use our own hands to destroy the place we are living in and our future generations will depend on for their living. (208 words)Unit 71) Directions: Write a letter or essay as a response to Bob Greene's "Those College Finals". Explain why you agree or disagree with him.A possible outline:A. Summarize Greene's pointsB. Comment on each of his main pointse.g. Can one always bring a book along in real life?Is real life an open-book test?Is real life much easier than college life?C. Conclusion2) Directions: Write an anecdote about your school life that you think is funny. Read it to your classmates next time you have an English class.1) SampleDear friend,After I read your essay "Those College Finals", some questions pop into my mind. You said that the most miserable moment of a college student's life is during final exam week, that real life is an open-book test, and that real life is much easier than college life.However, I don't quite agree with you. Firstly, the purposes of finals are to show how students are getting on with their studies, help them find their weaknesses and have a better grasp of what they have learned. If one works hard at other times, one shouldn't be afraid of finals. The final exam week is thus by no means the most miserable moment. Secondly, in real life, we can't anticipate what will happen tomorrow and don't know what should be prepared for. So it is not easier. On the contrary, it is much more difficult than college life.So I think you need to take a closer look at college life and real life, gain a better understanding of both so that you won't go to extremes. I hope you'll be more positive towards the world. (189 words)Yours sincerely,2) SampleWhen the National Entrance Exam was approaching, simulated tests became more frequent. One morning, we had a math test first. It was very difficult and we were all very depressed. The physics test would soon follow. We all begged the teacher not to give it, but he wouldn't listen. We could do nothing but take it. It was even more difficult. You can imagine how frustrated and exhausted we were when we left the classroom around noon.That afternoon, we had two hours of English. To our despair, the English teacher had a pile of papers too! Perhaps she saw we were all tired, she didn't distribute the papers at once. Instead, she asked us, "Wouldn't you like to have an English test today?" We were almost paralyzed by too many tests and too many failures, so we shouted in chorus, "No!" She was astonished. A few seconds later, she said, "No, we won't have the test today." (160 words)。
2016年青大研究生综合英语四篇文章汉译英翻译整理
2016年青大研究生综合英语四篇文章汉译英翻译整理Unit1 TRAITS OF THE KEY PLAYERSDavid G. Jensen核心员工的特征We hold them up to the standards we see in our toppeople. If itlooks like they have these same traits, we'll place a bet on them."“我们把他们和公司顶级员工表现出的特质进行对照。
假如他们看起来有同样特征的话，我们就在他们身上赌一把。
”The business environment is less lone-wolf and competitive, so signs of being collaborative and selfless stand out.企业的环境并不需要单打独斗，争强好胜，所以表现出合作和无私精神的员工就脱颖而出了。
5 Many peptides and grad students have a tough time showing that they can make this transition because so much of their life has involved playing the independent- researcher role and outshining other young stars.许多博士后和研究生在进行这种过渡的过程中表现得相当费力。
因为生命中有那么长一段时间他们都在扮演一个独立研究者的角色，并且要表现得比其他年轻的优秀人才更出色。
Better still, develop a reputation inside your lab and with people your lab collaborates with as a person who fosters and initiates collaborations—and make sure this quality gets mentioned by those who will take those reference phone calls.更为有利的是，要在你实验室内部，以及在和你们实验室合作的人们之间，培养一个良好声誉：一个鼓励并发动合作的人——还要保证让那些会接听调查电话的人们谈及你的这个品质。
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Today the family is undergoing a radical
transformation. Families are more diverse and
unstable than in previous decades. Some of
these 1) trends are as follows:
In respect to single-parent families,
among families with children under the age 18,
nearly 30 percent are 2) headed by a
single parent. In about nine out of ten cases,
women head single-parent families. This
3)__dramatic______ increase in single-parent
families is largely 4)__attributable_____ to
divorce and out-of-marriage births.
In respect to divorce, in the United States
the rate of divorce has more than doubled 5)
since 1960. The increase in the divorce rate
was particularly high in the 1960s and 1970s.
The ever-increasing divorce rate is a
6)_source______ not only of single parenting
but also of several other family
7)__forms_____ more common now.
8)___Remarriage_____ introduces stepparents
into children’s lives and creates the possibility
9) of having several families. Of
children whose parents divorce and remarry,
half will experience a second family break-up
before reaching 16.
While over a million children see their
parents divorce each year, we must also look at
out-of-wedlock births to 10)_understand_____
the dramatic rise in single-parent families. In
1960 only five percent of all births were to
unmarried parents. By 1991, it was 29.5
percent.