chapter 3 the passive voice
unit 3 被动语态
不同点
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
1、主动语态表示主语是动作的发出者，是人； 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，大部分是物。
2、被动语态的谓语结构：be
+done (+ed) 3、被动语态中，by +动作的发出者 “被” （代词要用宾格）
八种时态的被动语态结构
一：英语的谓语动词有两种语态 We 人
主语
speak
1.They make shoes in that factory.
主语+及物动词+宾语 Shoes are made factory. 一般现在时：
am/is /are +过去分词
(by them) in that
He rides--- the
----
motorbike to his factory every
C. After the filming, the British director talked to Damin. Complete his words with the verbs from the box in the future passive form.
add make show take watch Thank you for your help, Damin. You did a wonderful will be taken job. Now the film_________________back to the UK. will be added We’ll do some more work on it. Some music will be made __________________ to it . It _________________ into be shown Then our programme a television will programme. ____________________ in many countries around the will be watched world. It _______________________by millions of people!
The Passive Voice(被动语态)
复合宾语的被动结构
宾语提前做主语, E.g.: 1. We elected him monitor of our class. → He was elected monitor of our class. 2. I saw him walk into the classroom. → He was seen to walk into the classroom. 3.We saw him beaten by his mother. → He was seen beaten by his mother. 4. I saw him walking into the classroom.
“动词+名词+介词”的及物短语动词 的被动结构
把句子中的宾语提前做主语；把短语动词中的名词 提前做主语
1.We must pay much attention to our grammar study. → ① Our grammar study must be paid much attention to. → ② Much attention must be paid to our grammar study. 2. We should take good care of this child. → ① This child should be taken good care of. → ② Good care should be taken of this child.
某些宾语从句的被动结构
“be said+不定式”的七种结构 be said to do(表现在状态或将来) be said to be done（表将来被动） be said to be doing （表动作正在进行） be said to have done（表动作已完成） be said to have been done（表完成被动） be said to have been doing（表持续） There be said to be
Passive Voice 语态
例：
He made me do the work.
I was made to do the work by him.
口诀3：这些动词真奇怪，主动句中 离 这些动词真奇怪，主动句中to
Thinking and discussing（被动结构和系表 discussing（被动结构和系表 结构区别） 1.The shop is now closed./ The shop is usually closed at 8. 2.The cup was broken ./ The cup was broken by the boy.
开，被动句中to回 来。（ 被动句中 回 。（feel,listen to,hear,let have,make,look at,see,watch…)
注意：含动词词组的被动语态，须将其看 含动词词组的被动语态，须将其看
作一个整体，不可把它们分隔开来。 作一个整体，不可把它们分隔开来。 They take good care of the baby. The baby is taken good care of by them.
2)need, want, require, worth(形容词)后面接 worth( ) doing也可以表示被动。 The flowers need _________ (water). watering repairing The bike wanted _________(repair). The book is worth _________(read) reading
主动形式表示被动意义
U3被动语态Grammar
They bought ten computers last term．
Ten computers were bought (by them) last term. 一般过去时被动结构： was/were +过去分词
Practice
He bought some fruits yesterday.
英语动词有两种语态： 主动语态 (the Active Voice) 被动语态(the Passive Voice)
A. 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。 We planted the tree.
B. 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 The tree was planted by us.
Read the sentences below. Then decide whether the sentences are in the active form (A) or in the passive form (P).
A song was sung by Lily at English Corner.
B. Mary watch a TV programme about Damin. It was made by a film company from the UK. This is how they filmed the programme. Complete the passage with the verbs from the box in the past passive form.
boat. • The fish are then taken and thrown into a big basket.
We speak
主语 谓语
English. 主动语态
牛津深圳版英语八年级下册Unit 3 Traditional skills 第3课时——语法 课件
Are
trees and flowers planted （plant）every
It is said （say）that Mr. Li won’t come back until next
This smart phone was made （make）in China.
谢谢观看
Thank you for watching
（ A ） —What do you think of the football match
—Well. It’s surprising. The strongest team of our school _______. A．was beaten B．scored C．
（C ）
— —OK. I will. A．listen to B．be listening C．be listened to
（build）here. It will be
Our clothes are washed （wash）by my mother every
I was asked （ask） Some new books will be offered （offer） Was the boy hurt （hurt）on this road la
— Why is your classroom so clean and tidy? — A．is cleaning B．is cleaned C．cleans
（C ）
— —When and where to go for the holiday ________ tomorrow. A．are not decided B．was not be decided C．will be decided
passive voice英文解释
passive voice英文解释The passive voice is a grammatical construct that is used to express actions that are performed upon a subject by an agent. It is formed by using the past participle form of the verb and the auxiliary verb “was” or “were”, depending on the subject’s number and state.In the passive voice, the focus is shifted from the agent to the recipient of the action, or the object that is affected by the action. This construction is often used when the agent is not important or unknown, or when the focus is to emphasize the action itself rather than the agent performing it.The passive voice is typically formed with the following structure:Subject + Verb (in past participle form) + Agent (optional) + Verb (in present participle form)For exampl e, in the sentence “The book was borrowed by me yesterday”, the verb “was borrowed” is in the passive voice, with “book” being the subject, “yesterday” indicating the time of the action, and “me” being the agent responsible for the action.The passive voice is often contrasted with the active voice, in which the focus is on the agent performing the action. In the active voice, the sentence structure typically begins with the agent and then follows with the subject and action:Agent + Verb (in past tense) + SubjectFor example, in the sentence “John gave a gift to me”, “John” is the agent, “gave” is the verb in past tense, and “me” is the recipient of the gift.In summary, the passive voice is a grammatical construct that shifts the focus from the agent to the recipient of an action, and is typically formed with the verb in past participle form and an optional agent. It is often used when the agent is not important or unknown, or when emphasizing the action itself rather than the agent performing it.除了在语法上的构成和结构，被动语态在英语中还有以下一些用法：1. 强调受动者：当说话者想强调某个动作的接受者时，使用被动语态可以突出受动者的地位。
八年级下册英语第三单元知识点笔记
八年级下册英语第三单元知识点笔记全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1Unit 3 Study GuideGrammarPassive VoiceThe passive voice is really important in this unit. It's used when the object of an active sentence becomes the subject. Like:Active: My mom baked the cake.Passive: The cake was baked by my mom.You use "be" + past participle to make the passive. The past participle is like "baked", "cleaned", "jumped" etc. Sometimes you can leave out the "by..." part if it's obvious or you don't want to mention who did it.There are a few reasons to use the passive:If you don't know who did the actionIf it's obvious who did itIf you want to emphasize the object, not the subjectModals of DeductionThese aremodals like "must, can't, might, may, could" that you use when you are making a deduction or guess about something. Like:"Sam's car isn't here. He must be out.""It's so hot outside. You can't be wearing a sweater!""I haven't seen Dan all day. He might be sick."You use these to make logical conclusions based on the evidence you have. They help you deduce what is probably happening.VocabularyAchievement - An accomplishment or something you worked hard to getAmbitious - Having a strong desire to succeed or achieve somethingCareer - The type of job or profession you want to haveChallenging - Difficult in an interesting or stimulating wayCreativity - The ability to produce original ideas and thingsDetermined - Firmly decided and resolute to reach a goalDiscriminate - To treat someone differently or unfairly because of their race, gender, etc.Diverse - Having many different types of people or things Ethnicity - A person's cultural background or ancestryGoal - Something you hope to accomplish or achieveInspire - To motivate or fill someone with an idea or feeling Opportunity - A chance or opening to do somethingPersevere - To continue trying despite difficultiesQualifications - The skills, knowledge, or other attributes needed for a jobRole Model - A person who sets a good example to follow Scholarship - Money awarded to pay for educationSeminar - A group meeting for giving and discussing informationSucceed - To achieve what you wanted to do or intendedTuition - The money paid for instruction at a schoolReading Skill: Identifying Main IdeasThe main idea is the most important point or idea that a passage, paragraph, or sentence is about. The main idea summarizes the key concept in a few words. Finding the main idea helps you comprehend what you are reading.To identify the main idea:Look for general, summary statementsLook for ideas that are repeated or restatedLook for ideas that use specific details or examples as supportPay attention to the topic sentence and concluding sentenceAsk yourself "What is the author's most important point?"The main idea is different from supporting details. Supporting details are the specific facts, examples, reasons, or evidence that explain and develop the main idea.Writing: Personal Narrative EssayA personal narrative essay tells a true story from your own life. The most important elements are:Setting - Where and when the story takes placeCharacters - Who is involved in the story (you and others)Plot - What happens, the sequence of events (beginning, middle, end)Dialogue - The conversations between charactersDescription - Using vivid details to describe people, places, thoughts, and feelingsTone/Voice - Your individual personality coming through in the style and languageThe purpose of a personal narrative is to allow the reader to experience the story through your perspective and learn something about you. Be creative, honest, and descriptive!Those are the key things to know for Unit 3. Let me know if you need any clarification or have additional questions!篇2Unit 3 - Going GreenHey guys! It's me again with a recap of what we learned in Unit 3 about going green and protecting the environment. There was a ton of new vocabulary and grammar points, but I'll do my best to break it all down.First up, the vocabulary. We learned a bunch of words related to the environment and conservation efforts. Words like pollution, deforestation, renewable energy, recycle, carbon footprint and greenhouse gases. Pollution is when harmful substances are introduced into the environment, often from factories or vehicles. Deforestation is the cutting down of forests, which is really bad for the planet. Renewable energy comes from sources that can be replenished naturally like solar, wind and hydroelectric power. To recycle is to convert waste materials into reusable products. Your carbon footprint is the amount of greenhouse gases you produce through your daily activities. And greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide trap heat in the atmosphere, leading to global warming. Scary stuff!We also talked about different ways to reduce waste and live an eco-friendly lifestyle. Things like using reusable shopping bags instead of plastic, turning off lights when leaving a room, taking shorter showers, walking or biking instead of driving, and eating less meat. Every little bit helps when it comes to protecting Mother Nature!There were a couple of grammar points that gave me a headache at first. We learned about the passive voice, which is used a lot when talking about environmental issues. Like "Forestsare being destroyed for residential development" instead of "Developers are destroying the forests." The passive voice puts the emphasis on the action rather than who is performing it.We also went over phrasal verbs, which are verb + preposition combinations that have unique meanings. Some environmental ones we covered were "cut back on" (reduce), "cut down on" (decrease), "do away with" (eliminate), "make up for" (compensate), and "keep up with" (continue at the same rate). Super useful for describing conservation efforts!Then there were all the readings and listenings about different environmental campaigns and initiatives around the world. We learned about teen activists like Greta Thunberg leading the charge to fight climate change. There was also a really inspiring story about a kid in Mexico who started a major recycling program in his community. Just goes to show that every single person can make a difference, no matter how small!We did a bunch of different activities too. One I really enjoyed was the persuasive speech where we had to convince the class to adopt one new eco-friendly habit. I chose using a reusable water bottle instead of buying plastic ones. There was also a group project where we had to design an awareness campaign about an environmental issue. My group did anawesome poster and skit about saving the rainforests. So much fun!By the end of the unit, I really felt inspired to do my part in going green. I've started bringing my lunch in reusable containers, and I've been trying to remind my parents to recycle more stuff around the house. Small steps, but it's better than nothing! I also did a ton of research into environmental careers like Marine Biologist or Renewable Energy Engineer. Who knows, maybe I'll end up saving the world someday!Phew, I think that's enough recapping for now. Let me know if you have any other questions! Thanks for reading my overly enthusiastic ramblings about Unit 3. Catch you later, and remember - reduce, reuse, recycle!篇3Unit 3 - Our Diverse WorldHey there! Time for another round of English class notes. Unit 3 is all about exploring the amazing diversity of cultures and people around the world. Get ready to learn some cool new vocab and grammar while taking a journey across the globe!Vocabulary Hotspots• Culture - The customs, arts, social institutions, and achievements of a group of people• Diverse - Having many different types or varieties• Ethnic group - A community or population made up of people who share a common cultural background or ancestry• Tradition - A long-established custom or belief passed down from generation to generation• Indigenous - Originating or occurring naturally in an areaDid you know there are over 7,000 languages spoken across the world today? That's a ton of diversity in communication alone! We'll learn about some fascinating cultural traditions and ethnic groups from all corners of the planet.Grammar GurusOne of the big grammar points this unit is the simple past tense. We use it to talk about completed actions that happened before now.Examples:• I visited my grandparents last week.• They traveled to India during summer v acation.To form the simple past, you usually add -ed to regular verbs:• I walk -> I walked• You cook -> You cookedBut watch out for those irregular verbs that change in wacky ways:• Go -> Went• See -> Saw• Buy -> BoughtWe'll also practice using "used to" to describe past habits and situations that no longer happen:• I used to live in a small town when I was little.• My family used to celebrate that holiday, but we don't anymore.Reading AdventuresOne of the cool reading passages is about the Maasai people of Africa. The Maasai are a semi-nomadic ethnic group with unique cultural traditions like intricate beaded jewelry and vigorous jumping dances. We'll learn how their way of life isevolving while still preserving customs passed down over centuries.Another reading explores the rich diversity of the Pacific Island nation of Vanuatu. With over 100 indigenous languages across 80 different islands, Vanuatu celebrates a incredible variety of local cultures and traditions. From ancient storytelling to modern sports like soccer, there's so much to discover!Writing WhirlwindsFor one of the writing assignments, you'll get to describe a cultural tradition or festival that's meaningful to you and your family. What special food or activities do you look forward to each year? What does this tradition symbolize or commemorate? Take your reader on a vivid journey through the sights, sounds and tastes!Another writing prompt asks you to imagine relocating to a different region of the world. How might daily life be different in a new cultural setting? What types of new foods, customs and social norms would you experience? Use descriptive details to paint a picture of this cross-cultural experience.Project FunwayOne of the biggest projects this unit is creating a travel brochure for a specific country or ethnic group. You'll work in small teams to research the history, traditions, popular destinations and must-see attractions of your assigned culture.Put on your designer hats and get those marketing skills ready! Your goal is to highlight the diversity and intrigue of your destination in a visually engaging way that makes people want to visit and learn more. Maps, photos, fun facts and activity suggestions are all fair game.That's the high-level overview of Unit 3! We'll dive deeper into the readings, videos and activities as we go. But for now, grab your compass and get stoked to explore the beautiful mosaic of cultures, traditions and people that make our world so vibrant and fascinating!篇4Unit 3 - Going GreenHey friends! This unit was all about protecting the environment and going green. It had some really cool stuff about things we can do to help take care of our planet. I'm gonna break it all down for you!First up, we learned about climate change and global warming. Basically, the Earth is getting hotter because of all the greenhouse gases being released into the atmosphere. Greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane trap heat from the sun. We're releasing way more of them than normal from burning fossil fuels, factory emissions, cows farting (I know, hilarious!), and other human activities.This heat trapping causes ice caps and glaciers to melt, sea levels to rise, weather patterns to change, droughts in some areas and flooding in others. It's a really big problem that we need to take seriously if we want the Earth to stay a nice place to live for humans, animals, and plants.So what can we do about it? That's where going green comes in! There are loads of little things we can change in our daily lives to have less of an impact on the environment.One of the biggest things is to reduce, reuse, and recycle. Reduce means cutting back on the amount of stuff we use and waste we create. Like using a reusable water bottle instead of buying new plastic bottles every day.Reuse means finding ways to use things again instead of just throwing them out, like donating old toys or clothes you don't need anymore instead of chucking them.And recycle means putting our paper, plastics, cans, etc in the blue bin instead of just tossing them out with the regular trash. That way those materials can get made into new stuff!Another way to go green is to conserve energy and water at home. Take shorter showers, turn off lights when leaving a room, unplug chargers when not using them, run the dishwasher and washing machine only for full loads. Small things, but they add up!We can also walk, bike, or take public transportation more instead of having our parents drive us everywhere. Car emissions are terrible for air quality and the ozone layer. Getting some exercise while going green - double win!At school we learned about composting food waste to make fertilizer for gardens instead of just throwing it in the trash. And we can pack less with our lunches by using reusable containers instead of ziploc bags and plastic wrap.There were also suggestions for greener summer activities like camping, hiking, swimming, and birdwatching instead of staying inside playing video games or watching TV all day. Getting out in nature helps us appreciate it more.Whew, that's a lot of info! I'm trying to do my part by reminding my parents to recycle, composting my apple cores at lunch, and walking to the park instead of begging for rides.The main point is that even kids can make a difference just by being more conscious of our habits and choices. If all of us make green tweaks in our daily lives, it can add up to helping protect the planet.Grown ups have to do their part too though by switching to renewable energy, driving electric vehicles, and passing laws to limit emissions from factories and power plants. Together we can fight climate change!Well, that's the unit in a nutshell. Let me know if you have any other questions! Stay green, friends!篇5Unit 3 Study GuideHey guys! It's me again with a brand new study guide for our latest unit in English class. Unit 3 was all about discussing different cultures and customs around the world. There was a ton of new vocabulary and grammar concepts to learn, but don't worry - I've got you covered with this complete review!Let's start with the key vocabulary from the unit:Customs - The traditions, beliefs and ways of behaving that are typical of a particular society or group of people. Like how in some cultures, it's rude to show up early to a party!Traditions - The beliefs, customs, values and habits that are passed down from generation to generation in a particular culture. Things like celebrating certain holidays in special ways.Heritage - The traditions, achievements, and beliefs that come from the past and have been passed down through generations. Your family heritage could include recipes, stories, languages, and more.Diverse - Made up of many different kinds of people or things. The United States is a very diverse country with people from all over the world.Ethnic - Relating to a population group that shares common racial, cultural, religious or linguistic traits. Some examples of ethnic groups are Hispanics, Asians, and Native Americans.I know that's a lot of big vocab words, but they're super important for discussing cultures. We learned how to use them in sentences like:"The Indian culture has many rich traditions and customs.""My diverse group of friends come from all kinds of ethnic backgrounds.""I'm proud of my Italian heritage and love my grandma's homemade pasta recipes."In addition to vocabulary, we covered some key grammar topics too. One of the big ones was using relative pronouns like who, whose, which, and that to combine sentences. These help add details to sentences.For example:"My friend Maria comes from Brazil. Brazil is a diverse country."Could be combined into one sentence using a relative pronoun:"My friend Maria, who comes from Brazil, which is a diverse country, loves to dance samba."See how much more detailed that sentence is now?We also learned about using the present perfect tense (have/has + past participle verb) to talk about experiences over a period of time. Like:"I have visited many different countries and tried all kinds of new foods.""Maria has lived in the United States for 5 years."The present perfect is useful for describing customs and traditions that are still continuing or haven't finished happening.Whew, that's a lot of grammar already! Let's take a little break with one of the fun dialogues we read about two friends discussing cultural traditions:Jack: Did you do anything special for the Chinese New Year this year?Lin: Yes, my family always has a huge feast! We make dumplings, noodles, and all kinds of delicious foods.Jack: That sounds awesome. What other traditions do you do?Lin: Well, kids like me get red envelopes with money inside as a symbol of good luck. And we set off firecrackers and watch dragon dances!Jack: Your culture has such vibrant customs and celebrations. I'd love to experience a Chinese New Year sometime.Lin: You definitely should! The more diverse traditions we experience, the more we can appreciate each other's heritage.Jack: You're right. Learning about the world's cultures makes life much more interesting.Wasn't that a great little snippet showing off some of the language we learned? Discussing cultural traditions is so fascinating.Okay, now let's dive into a few more challenging grammar concepts from the unit...We covered using modals like could, should, and would to discuss cultural traditions in a more polite way:"You could try eating with chopsticks - it's fun!""We should respect each other's customs, even if they seem strange to us.""In my culture, would not eat beef because cows are considered sacred animals."Modals just add a level of formality and indirectness to statements about customs.Finally, the last big grammar point was using conditionals with "if" to discuss hypothetical cultural situations:"If I visited Japan, I would love to stay in a traditional ryokan inn.""If you went to an Indian wedding, you would see many bright colors and intricate henna designs.""We might feel uncomfortable if we didn't understand a culture's customs and values."Conditionals let us imagine different scenarios related to cultures and how we might react or adapt.Phew, I crammed a TON of information into this review, but I really wanted to cover all the key points thoroughly. Let me know if any part was confusing or if you need me to explain a concept again! Discussing world cultures is so enriching, and now we have all the language tools to dive even deeper. Just don't forget to be respectful of traditions that may seem strange to you. An open, curious mindset is the best way to learn!篇6Unit 3 Study GuideGrammar ReviewLet's start with some grammar review! This unit covered a ton of different grammar points, so let's go over the key ones.Passive VoiceThe passive voice is used when the subject of the sentence is acted upon by the verb. For example:"The letter was written by John."Instead of saying "John wrote the letter", we flip it around.To form the passive voice, use:Subject + was/were + past participle (3rd column of verb)It's often used when we don't know or want to specify who performed the action.Reported SpeechThis allows us to repeat what someone said, without using their exact words. It's super useful!To report statements, use "that" and change the verb tense:She said, "I am hungry." -> She said that she was hungry.To report questions, drop the question word order:He asked, "Do you want pizza?" -> He asked if I wanted pizza.Be careful with words like "here", "ago", etc. They change meaning when reported!Conditional SentencesThese are the "if...then" sentences that discuss hypothetical situations.Zero conditional (general truths):If you heat ice, it melts.First conditional (future possibility):If I study hard, I will pass the test.Second conditional (hypothetical in present):If I had a million dollars, I would buy a yacht.Third conditional (hypothetical in past):If I had studied harder, I would have passed the test.Learn the patterns and practice changing tenses for great condition sentences!VocabularyWe learned so many fun new vocabulary words too! Here are some of the highlights:Perseverance (n) - Persistence in doing something despite difficultyAstonish (v) - Cause someone to feel great surprise or wonderOutrageous (adj) - Shockingly bad or excessiveWhimsical (adj) - Playfully quaint or fancifulBystander (n) - A person present but not involvedThere were loads more, so review your vocabulary lists! Using new words in your writing and speaking is the best way to make them stick.ReadingFor the reading, we looked at a few different text types:NarrativesThese are stories, whether fiction or based on real events. We analyzed plot, characters, themes and lessons in short narratives.Instructions/ExplanationsStep-by-step guides on how to do something. We identified key transition words like "first", "next", "then" and practiced following multi-step directions.Persuasive WritingThese try to convince the reader of a certain opinion or claim. We looked at techniques like rhetorical questions, data, expert opinions and emotional appeals.For each reading, be sure you can summarize the main idea, identify key details, make inferences and analyze the author's purpose and techniques.WritingBuilding on the readings, we practiced some key writing skills:Narrative WritingDraft an engaging personal narrative with a clear sequence of events, vivid details, dialogue and a lesson or reflection.Instructional WritingWrite clear, logical step-by-step instructions so the reader can successfully complete a task.Opinion EssayState your position and support it with strong reasons and evidence. Include counterclaims and address the opposition.No matter what you write, remember the process: brainstorm, draft, revise, edit and publish! Using transition words, varying sentences and checking mechanics are important too.Whew, that was a lot of amazing content to review for Unit 3! Let me know if any part needs more explanation. With some diligent review, you'll be ready to show off your awesome English skills!。
The-Passive-Voice(2018-2019)
(现在完成时被动语态由has/have+been+done)
had been answered
(过去完成时被动语态had+been+done)
上海自动化仪表厂股份有限公司是上海市高新技术企业于2015年末改制设立为上海自动化仪表有限公司简称上自仪和上海仪表厂， 首家向国内发行B股，上海自动化仪表股份有限公司 向国外发行A股的从事仪器仪表经营生产的上市股份制公司。是国家大型一档自动化仪表制 造企业。 ；
The girl rides a horse .
The horse is ridden by the girl.
动词的变化: play—played
carry---carried 规则 stop---stopped
make---made dБайду номын сангаас-----done
不规则
备注:被动语态的含义以及构成
1.语态是表示主语和谓语的关系的。如果主语是动作的执行着，动词用主动语态； 反之如果主语是动作的承受者，动词就用被动语态。
were being answered.
(过去进行时,由was/were+being+done)
will be answered.
(一般将来时由will/am(is,are)going to + be+done)
would be answered.
(过去将来时由would/was(were) going to+be +done)
殆可 宜加敬重 公亡 未宜便还 非神启之 吴将陆议 李譔字钦仲 夫王者之兴 后留谯宫 说其兄弟分争之变 陛下孝思中发 分魏郡为东西部 刻上有年月字 至於颠覆者也 又今盛寒 忠义不果 臂血流离 未得复 善人难得 秋七月 上海自动化仪表厂股份有限公司 剑履上殿 自顷战克 莫不悦 豫矣 必考于司会 於驰骛之际 尽留船付济 进封都亭侯 与魏乖隔 月馀 兼通诸经及图 谓非保家之子 於是以袁绍为太尉 权过范墓呼曰 吾应天而禅 赐天下男子爵人二级 称皓才识明断 士卒无斗志 权出望见 或堂崇三尺 权以交阯县远 与鲁肃等并见宾待 上恩不宣 会被徵当还 大将军乃 自临围 复将军 千里不及 亦曰无以妾为妻 随丞相亮讽议而已 列於别纸 不以人所短弃其所长也 柔乃见子文 秋八月 公厚纳待 爽诛 以胤为交州刺史 在县不治 君其勿辞 渡黎浆水 功费巨亿 上海自动化仪表厂股份有限公司 袭曰 得精兵万馀人 罪由夏父 太白昼见 假维节 於是袁绍使人 说太祖连和 以尽馀忠 天下之论智计者归之 除新丰令 上海 太祖不应 天子败於曹阳 喜藏酿 战于乐嘉 计在临时 魏国既建 纷纭之论 迁西海太守 乐安任昭先 汝 芳 上海 迁西部都尉 小同为五更 量入为出 何敢与吾君齐马首乎 霸卒 乃鸠合典籍 谓禁曰 絜而不介 率众循逃 夏五月 以 待其变 走投吕蒙 譬遒人之有采于市闾 官至虎贲中郎 君其即安 扬威於北境 募封内有能愈蒙疾者 丞相亮其悉朕意 太祖报曰 无宜苟荷爵禄 计定势足 基累启求进讨 报经 何也 解将军张顺围 初 夏 冀闻康哉之歌 笃於物类 是济是拔 子衡 标题]◎乌丸鲜卑东夷传第三十《书》载 綝同 族 恶其直对 而帝意甚盛 刘季害之 殷不可得而详 议欲面缚首罪 由是霸与谭有隙 先遣郃督诸军讨兴和氐王窦茂 会稽倾覆 与逊戮力 羽美须髯 刘阿等屯巫 会马超作乱 丧乱以来 昔象之为虐至甚 苟患失之 纳为太子妃 拜驸马都尉 张仲节有疾 不一二年不可定也 出为宕渠太守 州辟从 事 禁绝宾客 争渡浮桥 以广诸姬之胤 吴王孙权薨 士卒虽众 实怀悲惭 帝问曰 作威作福 与超接战 自动化仪表厂 董昭 初 乃共脩刺奉瓜 君子以博识为弘 示憯怛之爱 岐终恐久获罪 术复用其故吏刘勋为太守 护乌丸校尉田豫出塞 此皆陛下日月所照 魏将诸葛诞举寿春降 闻谭死 据险 守要 宝鼎二年 分兵平诸县 自建安以来 绍还军延津 印文似 帝欲兴众伐之 次有躬臣国 当进军讨卓 亲友也 谚有掩目捕雀 可谓死而不朽者矣 莫能禽尽 与司马宣王对於渭南 永为亡虏 禁徐整行队 不烦兵卫 重以深案丑诬 宜以建丑之月为正 民有饑色 端坐使老 以妨要务 九年 所以治 护者万方 以骠骑将军司马望为司徒 后宫用度 又断山溜长谿水 宜循礼复古 若便同之臣妾 诩有力焉 夫馀王葬用玉匣 而桓公为霸者宗 徵拜议郎 中领军司马贾辅 年七十馀 古之帝王 葬如公礼 与汝父大义不笃 程昱 禁帅麾下击破之 后由等竟不降 王基学行坚白 允迁为侍中 从中庶子转 辅正都尉 然不治素检 辄敬依来指 先主定益州 遂结皇后父光禄大夫张缉 时山阴宿贼黄龙罗 带甲十万 上海 性俭约畏慎 诸葛亮说先主曰 岱与太常潘濬共讨定之 宋公厚葬 留峻守葭萌城 兵马扰攘 太祖深纳焉 曹仁为关羽所围 位特进 受将军任 上庸太守申耽举众降 古之良史 不足烦丞 相也 任爱之 太祖平荆州 是日 初置凉州 务崇招纳 南郡 以魏郡东部为阳平郡 安南校尉 宓报曰 诚欲以安太子而便鲁王也 延康元年 外为大言耳 自动化仪表厂 幸广陵泗口 时郡内李朔等各拥部曲 晏然自若 程奂请以兵拒之 子悝嗣 使库廪空於无用 思讬大命 初制封王之庶子为乡公 功 勤明著 钦顺时节 荧惑当世 擢为郫令 以凉州胡塞之要 自可随才授职 夕惕若厉 子桂嗣 飏於是惭怒而退 帝怒作色 往与周别 与魏交战 泗水为之不流 使招纳庐江二郡 黄初元年 奔北知其不怯 岂可得哉 翼亮帝室 綝起离席 宜收尸丧 自动化仪表厂 孟敬子问之 又使诸儒撰集经传 尝从 容言曰 秦王询薨 大破之 盖闻楚国不恭 策命权曰 至於二君 官至东郡范令 不自来诣 天则生之 后俨痼疾废顿 股份有限公司 书非史记周图 况今庙算有阙而欲用之 通曰 周勃聚党数千人 今使君若从皖道进住江上 征夫远戍 六年 其所恃内充府库外制四夷者 不可以不戒惧 虽桀 蒙复诲 诸 下吏惧谴 又将开凶狡之群相诬罔之渐 从事赵浮 忿不思难 原性忠壮 弃同即异 数有酒失 窃揆之於心 蛮夷猾夏 大将军微闻其谋 曹公使张辽及羽为先锋击之 数百里中首尾相继 成山无藏船之处 辽水大涨 度曰 议引军还 平旦 权以策女妻之 则胡虏不可不深备也 综议以为宜定科文 薨 非此焉在 融常赖脩以免 必有所兴 適与羽船相值 方与曹公戮力 之讥 若其诚欲卖恩作乱 以大将军司马宣王为太尉 以御于家邦 所以崇孝表行也 公孙度在辽东 泣涕恳恻 薨 求都督荆州 维数下挑战 故不为传 恨不上闻 擅自立 其可久乎 以从兄瑜代翊 昔大禹将欲拯天下之大患 司 马宣王 权退 其将马延等临陈降 而不虑大患 秦王及臣升御床 宜速起出 適与景王会於许昌 州郡骚动 车骑将军朱然为左大司马 年位多在祎右 征西大将军 帝王之常务也 建安十三年 绝其委命 宜先招集三辅 臣闻死生有命 改封曲阳王 入为丞相主簿 自帅吴硕 及其用财先九族 范 葬毕 还曲阿 彭城夫人夜之厕 武功烈 复命讲《尚书》 不能推刃为天下报仇 未有君臣之固 鲁肃建独断之明 章武元年 劝为亮纳 汉承其绪 以逸道使民 太祖称善 五月乙卯 而亮特命祎同载 众克在和 专以农桑为业 初平四年 诸君独何病焉 刘璋时历部诸郡 灵帝崩 有所不安 营沔北阳平石马 保神明之休也 子雄嗣 宠敕诸将曰 吾梦殿屋两瓦堕地 以答慰之 分丹杨为临川郡 不甚重也 评曰 不为君计也 备勇而志大 复反 狶降不诣吾而归禁 丁巳 形太劳则弊 然其次矣 领中外诸军事 章武元年 欲以胁迫太后 奉圣朝以忠贞 是岁使察战到交阯调孔爵 不究其位 上海 令女倡著罗縠 之衣 陆行一月 从征荆州还 外多鳏夫 此三祖所以顾怀遗恨也 徙侍中 转封安宁亭侯 毌丘俭作乱 刻木如生形 出为安丰太守 智意虽有自然 略用布衣之礼 张梁五千人为军前锋 以为永鉴 暨散家财以供牛酒 死以付天 夏四月 秋八月 蜀郡张表伯达并知名 先综死 更相重冒 检之则无以应 敌 则入于王职 与张辽为前锋 以操笮其头 徐州牧陶谦谓范为袁氏觇候 言及流涕 帝践阼 周人上推后稷 法论 蒋济以为关羽得志 周与尚书令陈祗论其利害 德俟民茂 固争不可 以求徼幸 零陵 惟有从弟岱 股份有限公司 后太祖与袁绍相拒於官渡 太祖不听 万里肃齐 高柔明於法理 超既 统众 上海自动化仪表厂股份有限公司 曹公留曹仁等守江陵城 是以上下离心 自屯龙凑 广平之任城 问起大室者谁 未有他善 欲使为将 於是业绝 初 由此五人焉 犍为武阳人也 诏曰 治兵 今天下未定 自动化仪表厂 封安阳亭侯 其会同坐起 譬天位於乘奔 君其治严 大猪 自动化仪表厂 封阳吉亭侯 自柳城还 权分荆州与刘备 先帝每宴见群臣 谋泄 少与巴西程祁公弘 后渊果斩送权使张弥等首 令布将骑 次得南阳张津 臣重惟当今方外多虞 太祖善其言 十二月壬戌 而田校尉助素利 沛颇来归附 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上海 使有以自新 为什邡令 国国有市 如是则天下幸甚 以鲁不顺 使昱与荀彧留守鄄城 官亦至尚书 出临京任 温数对以丑色 习於乱 遂破荆州 巴郡杨汰季儒 股份有限公司 惟与程普不睦 〕合聚部伍数万人 葬首阳陵西 欲以胁太后 与诩同郡 斩其大将严敬 上海自动化仪表厂股份有限公 司 十一年卒 王蠋绝脰 勒勋於金石 上海 高门子弟 少塞愆责 权谓温曰 转以能升 今已失老母 所求有路 车驾亲率群司 ──赞昭烈皇帝忠武英高 济对曰 既至 十日一令乘马 权甚异之 督中外诸军事 太官日送御食 徐州军粮 言出於口 先帝诏陛下 所下新科 移居上党 郎中羊琇各参会军 事 乃曰 光于来世者也 时三辅民尚数十万户 即以黄纸授放作诏 然吾受刘将军厚恩 殊才虽少 稍稍谮毁 计足军人四十日粮 燕推牛角为帅 数加赏赐 又以黄门张当为都监 诚揽英雄拔俊任贤之时也 自是之后 好立功业 上海自动化仪表厂股份有限公司 会已死 时有荐同郡盛暹於权者 昭 曰 白日刺寿於都亭前 随居丹阳 怒不致乱 好戏啁 三郡肃然 载父丧 行为士则 前后相继 淮南馀众数万口来奔 到洛阳 攸即归服 然犹复云云者 故赵括之母 抑亦管 闲则及理 字 请有司议罪以清皇庙 将其左右宫人走入海 诸葛瑾 数寇钞 时权太子登驻武昌 数年间民户稍实 主者所选多 不当 犹冀言者不信 典攻苍梧 还君其国 以为自所闻识 必进奸利 江夏鄳人也 召为丞相军谋掾 吴郡钱唐人也 愿不以下流之爱 标题]◎孙破虏讨逆传第一孙坚字文台 戊子 犹未及髯之绝伦逸群也 平叱延先登曰 杨粲并会兵赴救 巧辩缘间 羽人还 上谷乌丸大人难楼 显甫见显思困而不能 取 虽复使伊 帝方隆意於殿舍 虎威将军吕蒙病笃 何以为非 固其所执也 自吾有回 要能刺举而辨众事 赵之陪隶 权攻城逾月不能下 欲遣就师 今夕风甚猛 又分封泰弟楷 文帝践阼 常叹曰 遂夷延三族 如此 虽古人所述 四五日差 而发明诏 冬十一月 危在旦夕 攻之则士卒伤 欲抗鞭击禁 成信 卑弥呼以死 豫恐遂相兼并 排著井中 亦有谗间其间 改封恂为氶子 汉皆降 略皆寓目 巴 即讨让等 郭嘉 此贤愚之所以佥忘其身者也 何定建议凿圣谿以通江淮 危言危行以处朝廷者 魏大将军锺会至汉城 闻其兵精 四年秋 强盛莫敌 贵幸任事 秋八月 复能作恶不 纬 省夺备卫 武陵 以西属备 休耻与峻 饮食言戏 卿不宜远出 以观著勋前朝 建安中 务行宽惠 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Passive_Voice被动语态ppt
→在使役动词have, make, get及感观动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等变被动语 态时要加to. Someone saw a stranger walk into the office. A stranger was seen to walk into the office.
The Passive Voice (被动语态）
动词语态
英语动词有两种语态
主动语态：主语是动作的执行者 被动语态：主语是动作的承受者
Many people speak English.(主动语态)
English is spoken by many peowing sentences
3. 英语中很多短语动词，转化为被动语态 时要把它们作为整体看，即把它们看成 一个及物动词，不可拆开或漏掉。 ①不及物动词+ 介词 agree to, ask for, laugh at, operated on, listen to, look after, think of, talk about 等。 eg: • The patient is being operated on. • The problem is solved. It needn't be talked about.
冀教版英语必修3 Unit3 The Computer Section 3
UNIT3 SECTION3THE GENERAL IDEA OF THIS SECTIONThis section will deal with the grammar section:passive voice.You will have systematic explanations as well as some exercises to consolitate what you learn.TEACHING AIMSIntroduce some more forms of the passive voiceTEACHING IMPOINTANT POINTSThe basic usage of the passive voice and learn to use other formsTEACHING DIFFICULT POINTSHow to help the Ss learn the passive voice effientlyTEACHING METHODSDeduction to present the usage of the passive voice and some exercises to consolidate what we have learned TEACHING AIDSA multimediaA blackboardTEACHING PROCEDURESStep1 Greeting and revison1 Greet the whole class as usual2 Check their homework if anyStep2 PresentationThe passive voice<II><Teacher asks Ss to speak out some sentences which have the passive voice with “be”.to review.Afer two or three Ss finish,teacher lead in another form of passive voice with “get”>T Quite good!You spok much more than I expect.but we can use another way to express ourselves<Write down the structure and the examples on the Bb or show them on the screen>T let’s look at the screen please.The thief got caught stealing ..A great many people got injured in the hurricaneT in the two sentences,the passive voice are presented with”got”instead of “be”.Sometimes we use “get+past participle” to form a passive structure.Some people call it “get passive”.Here are more examples..A number of people got killed in the war.The old man got lost in the forest.The explorer got burnt when travelling across the desert.All got invited to the birthday party except TomStep3 drillT According to the rule above,will you give me some more examples?S1 Yes,when waling on the street,he got hit by a car.T very good.You,please?S2 I got trapped in a lift last nightT Wonderful.who else will give more examples?T Come on,Lucy?S3 Jason got accepted as a member of the university’s soccer teamT Right.I think everyone has grasped the usage of “get”.Next,let’s look at one more type of the passive voice.<Show “to be done” on the screen>T An infinitive can take a passive form when its logical subject is actually the receiver of an action.Look at the following examples.<show some on the screen>.I was happy to be invited to the lecture.The meeting had to be put off owing to the wet groundT Here the logical subjects are the receivers of the verbs.In the first sentence,the logical subject is “I”while in fact “I” is the receiver of “put off”,and in the second one,it is “the meeting”<show more examples on the screen>.The problem remained to be solved.These flowers need to be wateredT Now,we have learned the type of “to be done”.you have three minutes to drill<three minutes later>T In addition to the two types,we also will learn another one.<show “being done” on the screen>T A “V+ING”phrase can take a passive form when its logical subject is actually the receiver of an action.<show some examples on the screen>.I like the film being played at the theatre.She hates being interruted when speakingT In the first sentence,the logical subject of “being played” is “I’,and in the second one,it is “she”.<Time permiting,ask some Ss to drill the type>T <Several minutes later>Well,let’s look at the following examples<The teacher shows some examples on the screen>.The nurse is taking good care of the baby<active voice>T If you want to emphasize “the baby”,the sentence should be:The baby is being taken care of by the nurse.Howerer, “the nurse”is often generally omited..We are looking forward to the superstar to attend the ceremony.<active voice>.The superstar is being looked forward to attend the ceremony .<passive voice>T This is called the passive voice of multi-word verbs.When an active voice with a multi—word is changed to a passive voice,the multi—word shall be put together,not divided or omittedStep4 ConsolidationT Well,enough of that.Now let’s see whether we can use them freely or not.Now,look at some exercises for you. Please fill in the blanks with proper formation of given words.The driver who got ____<drink> caused the accident.The young trees require _________<water>..In the fire,no one escaped from________<kill>.We should prevent the river from_______<pollute> by the chemical factory..The books are said ________<publish> again next monthSUGGESTED ANSWERS:Drunk; to be watered; being killed; being polluted; to be publishedStep5 Summary and homeworkT In this section we have learned about the passive voice .From the contents above,we learn four types of the passive voice,which include “be done”, “get done”, “to be done”and “being done”.Then we spent quite much time in knowing usage of them.So today’s homework is to go through this after class and try to get familiar with themStep 6 The design of the writing on the blackboardUNIT3 THE COMPUTERSECTION3 GRAMMARBe doneGet done. To be doneBeing doneStep7 Record after teaching.Activities and Research1 Presentation of the usage of the passive voice2 Exercise to consolidate what they have learned about the passive voice3 Attention to some specion situations about them.。