2023年 名校版高考英语阅读理解精读内测版含答案
2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读含答案wv
2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读含答案An artificial intelligence can decode（解码）words and sentences from brain activity with surprising—though still limited—accuracy. Using only a few seconds of brain activity data, the AI guesses what a person has heard. It lists the correct answer in its top 10 possibilities up to 73 percent of the time, researchers found in a study.Developed at the parent company of Facebook, Meta, the AI could eventually be used to help thousands of people around the world unable to communicate through speech,typing or gestures, researchers report August 25 at .Most existing technologies to help such patients communicate require risky brain surgeries to implant electrodes. This new approach“could provide a practical path to help patients without the use of invasive methods,”says neuroscience Jeean-Remi King, a Meta AI researcher in Paris.King and his colleagues trained a computational tool to detect words and sentences on 56,000 hours of speechrecordings from 53 languages. "The tool, also known as a language model, learned how to recognize specific features of language. With the help of a computational method, the team tried to decode what participants had heard using just three seconds of brain activity data from each person. The team instructed the AI to match the speech sounds from the story recordings to patterns of brain activity that the AI computed as corresponding to what people were hearing. It then made predictions about what the person might have been hearing during that short time,given more than 1,000 possibilities. The correct answer was in the,AI's top 10 guesses up to 73 percent of the time, the researchers found.The new study is “decoding of speech perception, not production,”King notes. Though speech production is the ultimate goal,for now,“we’re quite a long way away.”32. What is the main idea of paragraph1?A.The principle of human brain activity.B.The limitation of human brain activity.C. The definition of the artificial intelligence.D. The new function of the artificial intelligence.33. Whom might the AI be beneficial toA.People unable to hear.B.People who can’t move around.C.People who are unconscious.D.People unable to communicate normally.34. What is the purpose of paragraph4A. To analyze the features of the study.B. To state the significance of the study.C. To introduce the process of the study.D. To present the achievement of the study.35. What can we infer about the Al from the passage?A. It performs well in the speech production.B. Its accuracy is far from the research's satisfaction.C. It will help patients avoid dangerous brain surgeries.D. Its language learning ability is beyond expectation.Scientists estimate that more than 95 percent of Earth's oceans have never been observed, which means we have seen less of our planet's ocean than we have the far side of the moon or the surface of Mars. The high cost of powering an underwater camera for a long time, by tying it to a research boat or sending a ship to recharge its batteries, is a steep challenge preventing widespread undersea exploration.MIT researchers have taken a major step to overcome this problem by developing a battery-free, wireless underwater camera that is about 100,000 times more than other undersea cameras. The device takes color photos, even in dark underwater environments, and transmits image data wireless through the water.The autonomous camera is powered by sound.It transforms mechanical energy from sound waves traveling through water into electrical energy that powers its imaging and communications equipment. After capturing and encoding（编码）image data，the camera also uses sound waves to transmit data to a receiver that reconstructs the image.Because it doesn't need a power source, the camera could run for weeks on end before retrieval, enabling scientists to search remote parts of the ocean for new species. It could also be used to capture images of ocean pollution or monitor the health and growth of fish raised in aquaculture farms.“One of the most exciting applications of this camera for me personally is in the context of climate monitoring. We are building climate models, but we are missing data from over 95 percent of the ocean. This technology could help us build more accurate climate models and better understand how climate change impacts the underwater world,”says Fadel Adib, associate professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science.28. What does paragraph 1 mainly tell us?A. The introduction of new batteries.B. The emphasis on scientists' leading work.C. The advertisement for underwater cameras.D. The difficulty of widespread undersea exploration.29.How is the camera poweredA. It is charged by batteries.B. It uses sound waves to transmit data.C.It changes sound waves into water energy.D.It changes mechanical energy into electrical energy.30. What does the underlined word“retrieval”mean in paragraph4?A. Being fetched.B.Being destroyed.C.Being out of control.D.Being reconstructed.31. What can we learn about the MIT researchers' camera?A. It affects climate change efficiently.B.It will be widely used in some fields.C.It will help know more about Mars' climate.D. It monitors the health and growth of new species.。
2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读含答案cult
2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读含答案cultSewing can be fun and creative.But have you ever thought that a sewing machine can also mean the world to many people around the globe that use it as their main source of income?When Margaret Jankowski discovered this，she decided to found The Sewing Machine Project，an organization that collects donated used machines and redistributes them in remote places like Sri Lanka，Guatemala，Guam，and Kosovo.It also aims to help those in Detroit and New Orleans.In 2004，when a tsunami(海啸) hit Sri Lanka，Margaret was deeply touched by the story of a particular woman.After the village she lived in was destroyed by the natural disaster，she lost everything，including her sewing machine，her approach to future earnings.This story made Margaret decide to collect used sewing machines and send them to Sri Lanka.After attending a local news program where she presented her idea，she started receiving scores of sewing machines.The Sewing Machine Project covers a basic yet necessary need of many impoverished people around the world.For them，sewing can be a tool for survival.Whether in a factory or at home，a sewing machine can be the door to brighter financial opportunities.A sewing machine can also enable many to preserve their cultural identity.After Hurricane Katrina occurredin 2005，a community of New Orleans that wears skillfully-made suits for their own traditional festival lost many of their sewing machines.Since then，the non-profit organization has distributed hundreds of machines among the creators of the costumes，helping them maintain their tradition as well as their income.4．Why does the author raise the question in the first paragraph?A．To call up readers’memories.B．To lead up to the project.C．To stress the role of sewing.D．To introduce sewing machines.5．What is paragraph 3 mainly about?A．Destruction of the 2004 tsunami.B．The experience of Margaret in 2004.C．The story of a woman in Sri Lanka.D．Inspiration for the project.6．What does the underlined word “impoverished”in paragraph 4 mean?A．Disabled.B．Exhausted.C．Poor.D．Pessimistic.7．Why is the community in New Orleans mentioned in the end?A．To highlight its cultural identity.B．To prove the importance of keeping traditions.C．To explain the project’s achievement.D．To show the project’s contribution to traditions.There have been numerous attempts to create an all-plastic bike. But most have never passed through the prototype stage (原始阶段). Igus, a Germany-based manufacturer ofhigh-performance plastics, and Dutch start-up MTRL aim to change that with the igus:bike —the world’s first urban bike crafted almost entirely from recycled plastic.Igus CEO Frank Blaséfirst got the idea while vacationing on a Florida beach in 2009. A conversation with some employees from a rental company made him aware of the challenges of maintaining beach bicycles. The continuous exposure to sand, wind and salt water caused the bikes to rust rapidly. Many had to be replaced in only three months.The igus:bike, unveiled at a German trade show, is maintainable and rust-free. It can be left outdoors in all weathers and does not require lubricant oil (润滑油) to reduce friction between parts. Since it does not attract sand, dust or dirt, the bike can be cleaned with a garden hose (水管) in seconds.“As all components are made of plastic, no part of the bike rusts, even the gears —bicycle gears made of plastic were unthinkable for a long time,”Blasésays.The igus:bike will also help combat the world’s plastic pollution. The company says a single adult bike gives new life to about 16 kilograms of single-use plastic that would otherwise choke our landfills or waterways.Currently, 90 percent of the igus:bike is made using recycled plastic. This includes the bicycle’s frame, bearings, pedals and wheel rims. Igus and MTRL believe future versions will be made entirely from recycled plastic.“From ocean plastics to motion plastics —the igus:bike concept has what it takes to become a high-tech ecological product,”says MTRL co-founder Benjamin Alderse Baas.The plastic bikes are expected to come onto the market in early 2023. An adult model, made entirely from recycled plastic, will cost about E1400. A slightly cheaper version made using new plastic and an electric bike are also in the works. Igus also plans on sharing its technology with other bicycle manufacturers.4. What makes Igus CEO Frank Blase seek to create the igus:bike?A. His holidaying in Florida last year.B. The conversation between him and some bicyclers.C. The trouble of keeping beach bicycles in good condition.D. The prolonged exposure of bikes on the beach.5. What can we learn about the igus:bike from the text?A. It will certainly sell well.B. It needs to be more portable.C. It can be used everywhere and freely.D. It is rust less and cleans easily.6. What is the text mainly about?A. A bike made from recycled plastics.B. How to make rust-free bikes.C. An excellent bicycle manufacturer.D. How to maintain beach bikes.7. What can be inferred about the future plastic bikes?A. They will be cheaper and lighter.B. They will be more high-tech ecological.C. They will be crafted from only recycled plastics.D. They will be used widely all over the world.以上就是本文的全部内容。
2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读含答案xw
2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读含答案For humans, adapting to climate change will mostly be a matter of technology. More air conditioning, better-designed houses and bigger flood defenses may help lessen the effects of a warmer world. Animals will have to rely on changing their bodies or their behaviour. In a paper published in Trends in Ecology & Evolution, a team led by Sara Ryding, a professor in Australia, shows that is already happening. In some species of Australian parrot, for instance beak(喙) size has increased by between 4% and 10%since 1871. Similar trends are seen in species of mice and bats growing bigger ears, tails, legs and wings.All that fits nicely with evolutionary(进化的) theory. “Allen’s rule”, named after Joe Allen, who suggested it in 1877, holds that warm-blooded animals in hot places tend to have larger appendages(附加物) than those in mild areas. Such adaptations boost an animal’s surface area relative to its body volume, helping it to get rid of additional heal. Fennec foxes, meanwhile,which are native to the Sahara desert, have strikingly large ears, especially compared with their Arctic cousins.Ryding’s team combined data from different species in different places. Now that they have little in common apart from living on a warming planet, climate change is the most reasonable explanation. Since any evolutionary adaptation comes with trade-offs, it is unclear how far the process might go. Bigger beaks might interfere with feeding, for instance. Larger wings are heavier, and bigger legs cost more energy to grow.Honestly, studying a broader range of animals will help firm up exactly what is happening. For now, at least, the increase is small, never much more than 10%. That may change as warming accelerates. Every little bit of avoided future temperature increases results in less warming that would otherwise slay for essentially forever.12. Why do some species grow bigger parts of their body?A. They are following the new trends.B. They have to adapt to warmer climate.C. Scientists need them to do experiments.D. Larger parts tend to help them feed well.13. Where may warm-blooded animals have bigger body parts?A. In mild areas.B. In hot places.C. In the Arctic.D. In deserted regions.14. What do we know about the change in animals from the last two paragraphs?A. It comes at a cost.B. Its cause is definite.C. It happens in the same habitat.D. Its process will end soon.15. What can be a suitable tile for the text?A. Living on a Warming PlanetB. Measures to Remove HeatC. Pioneering Research on AnimalsD. Evolution to Survive HeatAfter a three-year delay, M+，Hong Kong’smuseum dedicated to Chinese visual culture, opened to the public. It contains an astonishing collection of art with works by some celebrities. The former Executive Director, Lars Nittve, sees M+ as equally as New York’s MoMA or the Centre Pompidou in Paris, in terms of depth and cultural importance.M+ wouldn’t have been possible without Swiss businessman and art collector Uli Sigg, who in 2012 donated and sold 1,510 Chinese contemporary works of art to the museum. Michael Schindhelm’s 2016 documentary, The Chinese Lives of Uli Sigg, looked back at Sigg’s life and how he accumulated his collection to preserve contemporary Chinese art for three decades. In interviews of the film, Sigg prefers to viewhimself as “a researcher of China and of Chinese contemporary art who just happened to buy some of the results of his research.”Chinese Lines follows Sigg’s life in time order, starting in 1979, the year that he first went to China as a representative of the Swiss elevator manufacturer. In 1995 Sigg became the Swiss Ambassador to China, which lasted until 1999. He was buying art with an objective eye, one towards preserving culture.Moving into the 21st century, Chinese art reached international attention thanks to Sigg’s efforts. He created the Chinese Contemporary Ant Award, an award that functioned to get artists noticed by important Western artists and galley owner. AI the same time, pieces by Chine artists were gaining more and more global reputations.Following Sigg’s announcement that he will donate a sizable portion of his collection to the soon-to-be-opened M+ museum, Chinese lives ends on a hopeful note for the still-growing art scene in China. The documentary is a good starting point to familiarize oneself with contemporary Chinese art and the man who helped expose it to the world.8. Why does the author mention “MoMA”in paragraph 1?A. To enrich our knowledge.B. To memorize art celebrities.C. To deepen M+ museum’s popularity.D. To indicate M+ museum’s significance.9. Which identity would Uli Sigg most probably agree with?A. A contemporary artist.B. A researcher of Chinese art.C. A collector of contemporary art.D. An ambassador with artistic taste.10. What can we infer from The Chinese Lives of Uli Sigg?A. Sigg offered money to Chinese artists.B. Sigg was the director of the documentary.C. Sigg made great efforts to promote Chinese art.D. Sigg was the Swiss Ambassador to China in 2000.11. What is Uli Sigg like?A. He is strict and ambitious.B. He is caring and creative.C. He is devoted and generous.D. He is hopeful and humorous.。
2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读含答案vg
2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读含答案Some scientists have traced the increase in earthquakes, especially in areas not known for the presence of fault lines or past seismic (地震的) activity, to human actions. The idea of humans causing earthquakes may seem strange at first. After all, you can run around your backyard and jump up and down as you want, and the ground isn’t going to start shaking. However, scientists have identified a variety of large scale human activities that can result in earthquakes.Scientists have confirmed over 700 places where human activities have caused earthquakes over the last century. While many human-related earthquakes are mild and don’t cause much damage, some of them can be serious and dangerous. In fact, scientists believe human activity has caused earthquakes with magnitudes as high as 7.9 on the Richter scale.Scientists believe most human-related earthquakes are the result of mining. As companies drill deeper and deeper below Earth’s surface to get natural resources, holes left behind can cause instability that leads to collapses that cause earthquakes.Another human activity leading to earthquakes is fracking (水力压裂) for oil and gas, including the high pressure waste water processing that usually goes with fracking. In this process, water, sand and chemicals are pressed underground under high pressure to break rocks to release natural resources.Building large dams can also cause earthquakes. For example, about 80, 000 people died in China in 2008 as a result of a7.9-magnitude earthquake caused by 320 million tons of water that had been collected in the Zipingpu Reservoir after a large dam was built over a known fault line.These aren’t the only human activities that can result in earthquakes, though. Scientists point out that earthquakes can also be caused by other human activities, such as construction of skyscrapers and nuclear explosions.12. What does the underlined part “fault lines”in Paragraph 1 refer to?A.Regions with active human actions.B. Places associated with natural balance.C. Zones where natural resources are rich.D. Areas where earthquakes tend to happen.13. What do mining and oil producing have in common?A. They break the balance of nature.B. They destroy the stability of rocks.C. They use high pressure to get resources.D. They do much damage to Earth’s surface.14. What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?A. The 2008 earthquake is the worst in history.B. Construction of dams should be stopped.C. Tons of water must cause earthquakes.D. The location of a dam matters much.15. What does the text mainly tell us?A. Nature punishes humans by means of earthquakes.B. Progress has been made on earthquake research.C. Humans are to blame for some earthquakes.D. Earthquakes are no longer nature-made.The poisonous domic(藻) acid affected Alfred Hitchcock’s “The Birds”after hundreds of them absorbed the poison in the summer of 1961 and lost their minds.The sick birds likely consumed poisonous acid via small fish.It also tends to collect in shellfish.And，according to a study published Tuesday，it may become more common as oceans warm，threatening birds and humans alike.Researchers have studied the rate of poisonous acid over the past 20 years in the Pacific Northwest，and found it strongly related to water temperatures that are warmer than normal.For now，warmer waters typically come from events like EL Nino and a decadeslong climate cycle called “Pacific decadal oscillation”，the study found.It isn’t yet clear how climate change，which also warms the oceans，might affect the rate of the poison.“When water’s unusually warm off our coast，it’s because the circulation patterns in the atmosphere have changed，bringing warm water from elsewhere—and this is happening at the same time that we also see highpoisonous acid in shellfish，”Morgaine McKibben，the study’s lead author said.The poison is produced during warm domic blooms，and gets passed up the food chain by animals that eat it.Sea lions，dolphins and humans are at risk.While some animals can eventually clean themselves of the poison，the threat can last a long time after the warm water decreases.Animals poisoned by poisonous acid tend to become weak，and experience death.Symptoms in humans include headache，confusion，loss of shortterm memory，weakness and unconsciousness.It isn’t just a health risk.An Oregon State University statement notes that officials have to shut down shellfish harvests when poisonous acid levels are high，causing economic harm.Since health officials first regarded poison acid as a health threat in 1987，Pacific Northwest shellfish harvests have beenstopped in 2005,2017，and 2018.The West Coast crab(蟹)industry took an estimated $100 million hit in 2017 alone.8．Why did the birds lose their minds in the summer of 1961?A．They maybe had a bad memory.B．They maybe ate poisonous fish.C．They maybe collected the shellfish.D．They maybe drank warm water.9．What is the connection between the rate of poisonous acid and water temperatures?A．When atmosphere has changed，it warms off the coast.B．When circulation comes，the oceans get warmer.C．When climate has changed，the oceans get colder.D．When water becomes warmer，high poisonous acid appears.10．What result will poisonous acid cause to humans?A．Making humans conscious.B．Making humans dead.C．Making humans temporarily lose memory.D．Making humans suffer heart attack.11．What’s the best title of this passage?A．High Poisonous Acid Appears in the AnimalsB．The West Coast Crab Industry Suffer Great Loss C．Climate Change Warms the Oceans in the World D．Warmer Oceans Increase Likelihood of Poisonous Shellfish。
名校2023版高考英语阅读理解精读附答案
名校2023版高考英语阅读理解精读附答案Yo-Yo Ma is an American cellist (大提琴家) born in Paris to Chinese parents.His musical career is a testament to his belief in culture's power to generate trust and understanding.Whether performing works, engaging unexpected musical forms, or working with communities and institutions to explore culture's role in society, he works to create a better world that begins with culture.Expanding upon this belief, in 1998 he established Silkroad, a collective of artists worldwide creating music that engages many traditions.In addition to presenting performances, Silkroad cooperates with museums and universities to develop training programs for teachers, musicians, and learners of allages.Through his work with Silkroad, he frequently performs lesser-known music.Besides, he partners with communities and institutions to develop programs that champion culture's power to transform lives and create a more connected world.Among his many roles, he is artistic director of the annual Youth Music CultureGuangdong festival, a UN Messenger of Peace, and the first artist ever appointed to the World Economic Forum's board of trustees.When the pandemic began, Yo-Yo began an online series titled “Songs of Comfort”to ease anxieties.His short, self-shot videos soon reached over 18 million people.On March 13, 2021, after receiving the 2nd COVID-19 shot, he transformed a clinic into a temporary concert hall, in a moment that residents called a symbolic representation of “the light at the end of the tunnel”．Yo-Yo Ma once said every generation has a chance to do better, to create a world that works for all.To him, doing better begins with culture —the point at which the arts, sciences, and society cross.1．The underlined word “testament”in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to “________”．A．thought B．proofC．invitation D．reaction2．What do we know about Silkroad from the text?A．It offered music trainings independently.B．It was set up by museums and universities.C．It benefited traditional and unpopular music.D．It was intended to create more musical forms. 3．Which of the following best describes Yo-Yo Ma?A．Fair and determined.B．Humorous and smart.C．Generous and traditional.D．Open-minded and positive.4．What's the best title for the text?A．Music Knows No BoundariesB．Music Matters to Build a Connected WorldC．Yo-Yo Ma: Dream and Hope Make One Artist Innovator D．Yo-Yo Ma: Pathway to a Better World Begins with Culture BCDDThe concept of ownership comes so easily to humans that even preschoolers have got it.Robots，on the other hand，often struggle to grasp such abstract concepts.Now a well-mannered robot that can make it has been programmed.“Teaching robots ownership-related etiquette(礼仪) is really，really worthwhile，”says Matthias Scheutz，a computer scientist at Tufts University.“We can’t just send out robots who are unaware of who owns what...If I instruct a robot to ‘build a fence’，and it goes to the neighbor’s and starts ‘stealing’boards，that’s not what we have in mind.”The new socially conscious robot can learn who owns what from clear statements as well as its own observations.The robot learns its code of conduct(行为准则) from direct orders and generalizing from specific examples.For instance，if the robot is told not to touch several objects that it knows belong to specific people，the robot will deduce that，as a general rule，it shouldn’t touch owned objects.Artificial intelligence(AI) expert Tan Xuan and colleagues at Yale University found out how the robot reacts in experiments with blocks on a table.In one session，Tan played with only the red blocks，leading the robot to infer that these blocks belongedto the same person.When Tan instructed the robot to throw away everything on the table and the machine reached for a red block，Tan stopped the robot，saying，“That’s mine.”Now aware that it should not throw Tan’s belongings，and assuming that the rest of the red blocks belonged to Tan as well，the robot cleared the table of everything but red blocks.Later，when Tan’s colleague Jake Brawer directed the robot to throw out a red block，the robot replied，“Sorry，I’m forbidden to throw it away if it’s owned by Tan.”Though robots may have more difficulty understanding who owns what in situations filled with far more objects of much wider variety than blocks on a table，Scheutz called it a good “first attempt”at equipping robots with an appreciation of ownership.5．What does the second paragraph focus on?A．The way of teaching robots ownership.B．The basics of the human-robot relationship.C．The benefit of robots’learning ownership.D．The importance of robots’learning code of conduct.6．Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “deduce”in Paragraph 3?A．Conclude. B．Admit.C．Agree. D．Doubt.7．Why did Tan Xuan use the blocks in experiments?A．To train the robot.B．To predict the robot’s move.C．To test the robot’s behavior.D．To study the robot’s preference.8．What does the author want to show by mentioning Jake Brawer in the last paragraph?A．The robot knows who to obey.B．The robot can learn who owns what.C．The robot follows no wrong orders.D．The robot can solve complex situations.DACB。
2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读含答案w
2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读含答案When asked about happiness,we usually think of something extraordinary, an absolute delight,which seems to get rarer the older we get.For kids,happiness has a magical quality.Their delight at winning a race or getting a new bike is unreserved(毫不掩饰的).In the teenage years the concept of happiness changes.Suddenly it’s conditional on such things as excitement,loveand popularity.I can still recall the excitement of being invited to dance with the most attractive boy at the school party.In adulthood the things that bring deep joy----love,marriage,birth----also bring responsibility and the risk of loss.For adults,happiness is complicated(复杂的)My definition fo happiness is “the capacity for enjoyment”.The more we can enjoy what we have,the happier we are.It’s easy to overlook the pleasure we get from the company of friends,the freedom to live where we please,and even goo health.I experienced my little moments of pleasure yesterday.First I was overjoyed when I shut the last lunch-box and had the house to myself.Then I spent an uninterrupted morning writing,which I love.When the kids and my husband came home,I enjoyed their noise after the quiet of the day.Psychologists tell us that to be happy we need a mix of enjoyable leisure time and satisfying work.I don’t think that my grandmother,who raised 14 children,had much of either.She did have a network of close friends and family,and maybe thisis what satisfied her.We,however,with so many choices and such pressure to succeed in every area,have turned happiness into one more thing we’ve got to have.We’ve so self-conscious about our “right”to it that it’s making us miserable.So we chase it and equal it with wealth and success,without noticing that the people who have those things aren’t necessarily happierHappiness isn’t about what happens to us----it’s about how we see what happens to us.It’s the skillful way of finding a positive for every negative.It’s not wishing for what we don’t have,but enjoying what we do possess.51.As people grow older,theyA.feel it harder to experience happinessB.associate their happiness less with othersC.will take fewer risks in pursuing happinessD.tend to believe responsibility means happiness52.What can we learn about the author from Paragraph 5 and 6?A.She cares little about her own healthB.She enjoys the freedom of travelingC.She is easily pleased by things in daily lifeD.She prefers getting pleasure from housework53.What can b informed from Paragraph 7?A.Psychologists think satisfying work is key to happinessB.Psychologists’opinion is well proved by Grandma’caseC.Grandma often found time for social gatheringsD.Grandma’s happiness came from modest expectations of life54.People who equal happiness with wealth and successA.consider pressure something blocking their wayB.stress then right to happiness too muchC.are at a loss to make correct choicesD.are more likely to be happy55.What can be concluded from the passage?A.Happiness lies between the positive and the negativeB.Each man is the master of his own fateC.Success leads to happinessD.Happy is he who is contentConsumers in the U.S. spend billions of dollars a year on gifts wrapping. Two colleagues and I wondered whether all that timeand effort is actually worth it. So we conducted three experiments to explore the impact of gift wrapping.In the first experiment, we involved 180 students, who were given a gift—a coffee cup with the logo of one of two NBA basketball teams, the local Miami Heat or rival (竞争对手) Orlando Magic. Every participant was a fan of the Heat and they obviously didn’t support the Magic. We gave half of the students a desirable gift, while the others received something they disliked. Finally, half of the gifts were wrapped neatly, while the rest looked sloppy (凌乱的).We found that those who received a sloppily wrapped gift liked their present significantly more than those who received a neatly wrapped gift—regardless of which cup they got.To understand why, we asked another set of students to report their expectations about either a neatlyor sloppily wrapped gift. Results showed that expectations were significantly higher for the neatly wrapped gifts. However, receivers of the neatly wrapped gift reported that it failed to live up to their expectations, while those who got the sloppily wrapped gift said it surpassed (超过) their expectations.In our final experiment, we surveyed 261 adults and asked them to imagine receiving either a neatly or sloppily wrapped gift. This time we instructed half of them to imagine the gift was from a close friend, while the other half believed it came from an acquaintance (熟人). Then we revealed the gift and asked them to rate it.When it came from a close friend, receivers ended up liking the sloppily wrapped gift more. However, for the gift froman acquaintance, receivers preferred it when it was neatly wrapped. This occurs because these participants used the wrapping as a cue for how much the gift-giver values their relationship.So if you’re stressed over gift wrapping this holiday season, consider saving yourself effort and money by wrapping your friends’gifts haphazardly (随意地). But for someone you don’t know quite as well, it’s probably worth it to show that you put in some effort to make it look good with all of the beautiful bows.12. What did the researchers find in the first experiment?A. A desirable gift is expected to be wrapped sloppily.B. Participants were more interested in neatly wrapped gifts.C. A sloppily wrapped gift can make the receiver much happier.D. Participants responded the same to gifts with different wrappings.13. Why did the researchers carry out the second experiment?A. To further explain the result of the first experiment.B. To compare receivers’expectations for the same gifs.C. To know why receivers have different expectations for gifs.D. To find out the impact of wrapping on receives’expectations.14. What do neatly wrapped gifts show according to the third experiment?A. The gift giver is very skilled at wrapping gifts,B. The gift giver has a close relationship with the receiver.C. The gift giver attaches great importance to the relationship.D. The gift giver wants to become a close friend of the receiver.15. What does the author want to do in the last paragraph?A. To give examples.B. To make suggestions.C. To make comparisons.D. To present an argument.。
2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读附答案h
2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读附答案The way I treat a clove(瓣)of garlic does not just change its size but its chemistry; the decision to slice or crush it will shape the flavour of the meal. Cooking can show us this: our actions matter. Through my work in the kitchen, I thought about what I had learned about time, about people and the world beyond me. Then I asked myself: What would I discover if I treated cooking as thinking?When I cooked for myself as an 18-year-old, I attempted to improve the flavor of a dish by adding more things to the pot. But frustratingly, these dishes tasted of less. A logic of scale failed here: more was not more.Then I came across a recipe for tomato sauce, through which I learned how small changes would cause a big difference. The first few times I made it, I was respectful towards the amazing transformation. But once I crushed the garlic instead of carefully slicing it, and the sauce tasted different. Another time I replaced fresh tomatoes with canned, which resulted in a watery mixture.When I documented all the times I had cooked it, I was suddenly able to answer questions that had escaped me in the library during my studies. I had been studying the broken relationship between language and the lived world for years. Through cooking, I saw how each time a recipe was translated anew in the kitchen. Therefore, life could be returned to language, reinvigorating(使复兴)it.When I cook, I’m using the knowledge produced through the work of generations of cooks in kitchens all over the world. Unlike the knowledge stored in libraries, this is information that each person who uses it can rewrite in their own image. People who cook become part of a chorus. When I began to pay attention, I could hear their voices in a bubbling pan. Cooking is thinking, and there is knowledge on an epic(史诗般的)scale in a pan of hot red sauce.32. Why is garlic mentioned in paragraph 1?A. To explain a rule.B. To present a story.C. To introduce a topic.D. To make a comparison.33. What did the author learn from the cooking experiences?A. Crushed garlic tastes better.B. Fresh tomatoes work better.C. Sliced garlic ruins the sauce.D. More ingredients improve flavour.34. What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us?A. Life can bring language alive again.B. A recipe can be renewed by each user.C. The relationship between language and the world is broken.D. The inspiration from cooking helps solve academic problems.35. What might be the best title?A. Less is more.B. Our actions matter.C. Cooking is thinking.D. Recipes have souls.(2022·山东聊城模拟)Facial recognition technology was used to permit passengers to get on flights at Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International airport last week，making it the first in the nation to use the system.The technology can be used by international passengers traveling through a special terminal，which is operated by Delta Airlines.Delta said it is the first fully biometric (生物特征识别) airport terminal to operate in the U．S.The goal of the system is to simplify and speed up the process of presenting documents to get on a flight.Passengers can begin using the facial recognition system when they first arrive at the airport.After the first check-in，passengers can also use face recognition to pass through security and to get on the plane.The system prevents the need for travelers to present their passport up to four times during the usual check in process.Travelers look into a camera that scans their face.This image is then compared against a collection of pictures kept by the CBP (U.S.Customs and Border Protection)．The agency collects face scans from passports and visas.The system，however，has raised concerns about privacy.Jeramie Scott，a lawyer with the Electronic Privacy Information Center，has called the use of facial recognition at U．S.airports a “massive threat”．He said that the government has created “a digital ID of millions of Americans”through facial recognition，and the government’s facial recognition database of citizens could be used for other purposes without an individual’s permission.“The government now has the power to identify you whenever it wants.And they did this without a public discussion or consent taking photos collected for one purpose and using it for another，”he said.The CBP told CBS News that any U．S.citizen who has privacy concerns can choose not to take part in the facial recognition system.This would prevent the airline from collecting a face scan to compare with CBP records.Its policy is to remove photos of U．S.citizens from its system once their identities have been confirmed.Delta says about two percent of passengers using the Atlanta airport terminal have chosen not to use the facial recognition system.Next year，the airline plans to expand its biometricsystem for international travelers at Detroit Metropolitan Airport in Michigan.9．Why is the facial recognition technology used in Atlanta International Airport?A．To scan the travelers’faces.B．To raise concerns about privacy.C．To make more people board the planes.D．To make the boarding more convenient.10．What’s Jeramie Scott’s attitude toward facial recognition technology?A．Critical.B．Uncaring.C．Doubtful.D．Favorable.11．What can we learn about the facial recognition system?A．The system may be promoted.B．Passengers’photos will be stored. C．Most passengers reject the system. D．The system scans passports and visas. 12．Where can you probably read the text? A．In a news report.B．In a travel handbook.C．In a science book.D．In an entertainment magazine.。
2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读附答案ui
2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读附答案How important is fish farming? Very. Although it's an ancient business, the rise of aquaculture has been one of thebiggest revolutions in food supply over the past half century.Aquaculture has made fish more affordable for consumers around the world, popularizing the consumption of what used to be expensive, and easing the pressure on hard-pressed wild stocks. Aquaculture also has many clear environmental benefits: compared with other ways of growing animal protein, it uses little or no land, and has low greenhouse emissions. And while the world has traditionally had a bad recordof regulating wild fishing, fish farming generally occurs within the boundaries of governments, meaning it should, in theory, be much easier to ensure that good practices are upheld.Crowding large numbers of fish into limited spaces means that waste products, including waste, uneaten food and dead fish, are poured into the surrounding waters, polluting them. Besides, the pesticides and drugs used to treat conditions that upset fish in concentrated numbers can also affect local wildlife.Many farmed fish are fed on other fish, so the industry also puts pressure on wild stocks：about a fifth of all caught fish, some 18 million tonnes, is used for fish oil and fishmeal production. There is also the problem of fish escaping, with potentially dangerous effects on surrounding ecosystems.In 2018 the Scottish Parliament’senvironment committee published a report into the fish farming industry’s environmental effects, stating that key problems simply hadn’t been tackled, and that the Scottish government’s plan to double salmon output by 2030 could cause “irrecoverable damage”to ecosystems. Since then, protections have been toughened. There is now more pressure from regulators to situate farms in remote, deep-water locations. Meanwhile, though, catches of Scottish wild salmon have fallen to their lowest level since records began in 1952. “There are good reasons for fish farming and real dangers to it as well. ”concludes an official. “The question is how to make it work. ”32. How has fish farming benefited people?A. It has many clear environmental effects.B. It can monitor the wild fish in 1imited areas.C. It makes it easier for more people to consume fish.D. It’s easier for the government to make fish product.33. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?A. The reasons for fish farming.B. The downsides of aquaculture.C. The development of sea exploring.D. The effects on surrounding ecosystems.34. What do we know about fish farming according to the Scottish report?A. The massive fish farming may damage ecosystems.B. The problems of fish farming are likely to be solved.C. The fish farming industry has no effect on environment.D. The Scottish government plans to double fish output now.35. What is the writer’s attitude towards aquaculture?A. Objective.B. Doubtful.C. Critical.D. Disapproving.Gov. Kathy Hochul's proposal to allow restaurants to sellgreat enthusiasm all across New York. But New York's liquor (酒) stores have already begun a campaign of misinformation in an effort to block this.Their basic argument is that the governor's proposal will result in an increase in underage sales, drunken driving, or any other public health problems. However, they throw these statements around without offering any support fortheir claims —because there is none.While the liquor stores frequently claim that the laws have been unchanged since the abolishment (废除) of Prohibition in 1934, in just the past 20 years the rules governing liquor stores have been changed, permitting the use of onlinethird-party delivery services and allowing stores to open on Sundays. Restaurant advocates didn't oppose these expanded privileges because they didn't have a significant impacton restaurant sales.What hasn't changed of the law since Prohibition isthe restriction on new liquor store licenses that give liquor stores a geographic territorial monopoly (垄断) to protect them from competition. Under typical circumstances, the State Liquor Authority will only issue a new liquor store license if the nearby stores report steadily increasing sales.However anti-competitive and outdated this restriction may be, it does serve as a protection against their concerns —in the very unlikely event they come to pass.Economically, the pandemic has been a major help to the liquor store business. Before the pandemic, liquor stores sold 76% of all liquor in New York State and now they sell nearly 85%. And remember, during this period, restaurants were alloweddrinks-to-go sales, showing their false claims of economic collapse are not grounded in reality or experience. Thesales shift from restaurants to liquor stores over the past two years demonstrates clearly that restaurants have lost sales toliquor stores —we just want to stop the bleeding. While the restaurant industry rebounded for a part of2021, employment still remains more than 20%below pre-pandemic levels.12. Why did liquor stores oppose the proposal according to the author?A. Threat to public health.B. Boost of underage sales.C. Concerns about their sales.D. Limitations to drinks to go.13. What can be inferred from the fourth paragraph?A. Liquor stores are in a dog-eat-dog world.B. Prohibition makes liquor stores dead in the water.C. The number of liquor stores is under control.D. What liquor stores worry about is reasonable.14. What does the underlined word “their”in the last paragraph refer to?A. Restaurants.B. Governors.C. New Yorkers.D. Liquor stores.15. What is the best title for the text?A. Let restaurants sell drinks to go.B. Defend liquor stores privileges.C. Liquor industry is losing money.D. Restaurants are racing with liquor stores.。
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2023年名校版高考英语阅读理解精读内测版含答案 We all know eating ultra-processed foods that make our lives easier — such as sauces, and frozen pizza — isn’t good for our health. Studies have found they can raise our risk of obesity, heart problems, diabetes and cancer. They may even shorten our lives. Now, a new study has revealed eating more ultra-processed foods may contribute to overall cognitive decline, including the brain executive functioning — the ability to process information and make decisions.
“While in need of further study, the new results are quite compelling and emphasize the critical role for proper nutrition in preserving and promoting brain health and reducing risk for brain diseases,“ said Tanzi, professor at Harvard Medical School. He was not involved in the study but he said in his book, “They, are, very high in sugar, salt and fat, promoting systemic inflammation, perhaps the most major threat to healthy aging. Meanwhile, since they are convenient and quick, they also replace fiber foods important for maintaining the health and balance of bacteria in your gut,” he added, “which is particularly important for brain health and reducing risk of age-related brain diseases like Alzheimer’
The study, presented at the 2022 Alzheimer’s Association International Conference, followed over 10,000 Brazilians for 10 years. “In Brazil, ultra-processed foods make up 25% to 30% of total calorie intake. We have McDonald’s and Burger King. It is not very different from many other Western countries,” said coauthor Dr. Suemoto. Ultra-processed foods are defined as ”industrial formulations of food substances containing little or no whole foods and typically include flavorings, colorings and other chemical additives“ according to the study.
“People consuming over 20% of daily calories from processed foods had a 28% faster decline in global cognition and a 25% faster decline in executive functioning compared to people who not,” said study coauthor Natalia. Those in the study who ate the most ultra-processed foods ware “more likely to be younger, women, White, had higher education and incomes, and were more likely to have never smoked,” the study found. “People need to know they should cook more,” Suemoto said. “And it’s worth it because you’re going to protect your heart and guard your brain,” she added.
8. What does the underlined word “compelling” mean in Paragraph 2?
A. Convincing. B. Surprising. C. Suspicious. D. Invaluable. 9. What do we know from the passage? A. Whoever never cooks is sure to develop Alzheimer. B. Ultra-processed foods only affect your executive function. C. Tanzi is the first to find the problem with Ultra-processed foods.
D. Brazilians’calorie intake is not different from most westerners. 10. Who is likely to eat more ultra-processed foods? A. An old beggar. B. A heavy smoker. C. A young professor. D. A low-income man. 11. What’s the main idea of this passage? A. Ultra-processed foods can harm your health. B. Fiber foods can reduce the risk of Alzheimer. C. Fiber foods may maintain the balance of bacteria. D. Ultra-processed foods will lead to cognitive decline. A D C D Timothy was exhausted for he worked extended hours. Although earning a low wage and handling ill-mannered customers, he always put serving those who sat are his tables well on the front burner of his mind He went about his daily duties carefully, putting on a smiling face as customers complained about the food or questioned the bill. Usually as night deepen preparing to close the business, he would notice a couple of customers walk in, sit down and order drinks. Most of the crew had left by closing time, but Timothy stayed to serve. Eventually, the last round was ordered and be gave them the bill. The minimum tip was suggested on the receipt. “Tomorrow will be better,” he murmured.
But luck wouldn’t always smile on him. Evening approaching, a group of teenagers stepped in. Thankfully, they were polite and respectful. Their cheerful behavior began to affect him. As always, he did his best to make their dining experience a pleasant one.
Time dragged on and they finished their drinks. He placed the bill on the table, accompanied with some candies. The group placed their notes on the receipt and left smiling. When he returned to clear the table, he was astonished. A tip of $3 was sitting there, staring at him, but their total bill amounted to $100. He’d gone above and beyond to serve them. How could they be so rude?