HW_U8B4 教师版

Online HomeWork_U8B4I. Reading ComprehensionSection A Fast Reading1 When I casually mentioned to a colleague that I was looking into skin cream that claimed to beat back the destruction that comes with age, her worries poured out. A month ago, she told me, she had suddenly noticed wrinkles all over her face. Fingering her beautiful but finely lined features, she explained that, although she knew that her discovery had more to do with the shock resulting from the sudden end of a six-year relationship than early ageing, she just had to do something about it.2 Giving her the painful facts concerning her chance to renew herself, I told her I thought the claims of such miracle cures were ridiculous. Despite my remarks, however, she begged to know where she could get the treatments I had mentioned. When it comes to beauty, who wants to know the truth?3 Our ability to believe what we want to has, in the past, made life easy for the beauty industry. Fuelled by the immense value attached to youth, it has made millions out of vacant promises of renewing faces and bodies. To give skin-care scientific authority, beauty counters have now stolen a thin covering of respectability from the hospital clinic. Sales staff in white coats “diagnose" skin types on "computers" and blind customers with the science of damaged molecules and DNA repair. Providing the "drugs" for this game, the industry has created new skin therapies, which, they say, don't just sit on the surface but actually interact with the cells.4 Is this really just a harmless game, though? The increasingly exaggerated claims made by manufacturers about their products' ability to get rid of wrinkles have worried doctors. The advertisements declare that active ingredients stimulate cells deep in the skin's layers to divide, so replacing old cells and effectively renewing the skin.5 If these claims are true, could the effects be harmful? If normal cells can be stimulated to divide, then abnormal ones could also be prompted to multiply, so causing or accelerating skin cancer. A new arrival on the anti-wrinkle front claims to be a more natural way to avoid those terrible lines. As a pill rather than a cream, Imedeen works from the inside out, providing the skin with nutritional and chemical support to encourage the body's own self-repairing process.6 First developed in Scandinavia, it contains extracts of fish, marine plants, and shrimp shells, which provide a formula including proteins, minerals, and vitamins. According to a published study, visible improvements appear in the skin texture after two or three months of treatment. The skin is softer, smoother, wrinkles decrease but are not eliminated, and marks and fine brow lines disappear.7 One woman admits she was doubtful until she tried Imedeen herself. Women, she believes, should take responsibility for the natural balance of their body chemistry. Careful care of the body chemistry, she says, not only improves looks but also enhances energy processes and even expands awareness and mental function. Imedeen fits this concept by providing for the skin's needs. But can shrimp shells really do the trick with wrinkles?8 Offering a more scientific interpretation, Brian Newman, a British surgeon who has studied Imedeen, explains that the compound has a specific action as food is digested, preventing the destruction of essential proteins in the diet and allowing them to be absorbed in a state more easily utilized by the skin.9 On the other hand, a different doctor who specializes in the study of the skin is unimpressed by the data and questions the methods used in the study. In addition, the medical journal in which the study of Imedeen is published is a "pay" journal—one in which any studies can be published for a fee. According to the doctor, any attempt to play by the medical world's rules of research has been a failure.10 Such controversy is familiar ground to Brian Newman, who used a type of oil from flowers for years before it was generally accepted. In no way discouraged, he insists the most important point to establish is that Imedeen actually works.11 Ultimately, however, the real issue is why we are so afraid of wrinkles in the first place. Sadly, youth and beauty have become the currency of our society, buying popularity and opportunity. The value of age and experience is denied, and women in particular feel the threat that the visible changes of ageing bring. According to one psychological expert, when men gain a little gray hair, their appeal often increases because, for them, age implies power, success, wealth, and position. But as a woman's power is still strongly perceived to be tied up to her ability to bear children, ageing demonstrates to the world her decline, her uselessness for her primary function. Wrinkles are symbolic of the decline of her ability to reproduce.12 Until we appreciate the true value of age, it is difficult to do anything but panic when the signs of it emerge. While the media continues to show men of all ages alongside young, smooth-skinned women as a vision of success, women will go on investing in pots of worthless rubbish. Let's see more mature, wrinkled women in attractive, successful, happy roles and let's see men fighting to be with them.Statements based on the passage:1. The writer's co-worker wants to find skin cream to beat back the destruction resulting from her early ageing.2. The writer thinks that as far as beauty is concerned, people would blindly believe anything.3. Because of the importance we give to appearing youthful, the beauty industry earns millions of dollars with empty promises of renewing faces and bodies.4. The beauty industry attempts to attract customers by giving its staff a professional image.5. Doctors believe beauty products can replace old cells and effectively renew the skin.6. Imedeen is a product in the form of a cream working on the skin.7. According to a published study, Imedeen is visibly effective in improving skin texture after immediate treatment.8. Brian Newman believes that Imedeen may work because it contains vital proteins.9. As for men, ageing can increase their appeal and power.10. The writer believes that women will stop investing in beauty products if the media continues to show men of all ages companied by young smooth-skinned women as an image of success.Section B Passage ReadingPassage 1America’s first war, its War for Independence from Great Britain was a great accomplishment. This achievement could not have been performed if not for the black soldiers in the armies. The first American to shed blood in the revolution that freed America from British rule was Crispus Attucks, a Black seaman. Attucks, along with four white men, was killed in the Boston Massacre of March 5, 1770. This wasn’t the only inciden t of Blacks giving the ultimate sacrifice during the War for Independence.The second American war fought with Afro-American help was the War of 1812. Black Americans fought the British on land and sea, and they were particularly conspicuous （显著的）in the various naval battles fought on the Great Lakes under the command of Oliver H. Perry. At least one-tenth of the crews of the fleet on the lake region were African Americans. Captain Perry, like Washington, objected to the appointment of Blacks to his naval ships. But after the battle of Lake Erie, Captain Perry was generous in Afro-American praise, saying they were men who were not afraid of danger.The third and most important war Black Americans fought in was the American Civil War, which began in 1861. Even though this war eventually resulted in the ending of slavery it was begun between Northern industrialists and Southern slave owners to determine who would have hegemony（霸权）over the federal government and who would be able to expand into the new territories of the west. The question of slavery would come later. When the Civil War began, Blacks weren’t allowed to fight in the Union army. Unfortunately, Abraham Lincoln was more concerned with political relations than the treatment of Afro-American slaves.The federal government and the Union army only began to adopt a policy of allowing and even encouraging the recruitment of Blacks when it became clear that the war would be a long and drawn out conflict in which it was essential to mobilize（动员）all the resources possible and to weaken the enemy as much as possible.11. Which of the following is NOT true about the black soldiers in the War for Independence?A. The black soldiers played a vital role in the war.B. The first American to shed blood in the revolution that freed America from British rule wasCrispus Attucks, a black seaman.C. The black seaman and four white men were killed in the Boston Massacre of March 5,1770.D. The death of Attucks was the only incident of Blacks giving the ultimate sacrifice duringthe War for Independence.12. From Paragraph 2, we can infer that Washington ______.A. was the commander of NavyB. was prejudiced against BlacksC. was very generous to BlacksD. did not promote black soldiers13. During the War of 1812, Afro-Americans won the recognition of the whites for their ______.A. generosityB. clevernessC. sacrificeD. bravery14. The decisive factor that led to the Civil War is ______.A. the treatment of African American slavesB. the political relations between the north and the southC. the problem of slavery system in the SouthD. the supreme power over the federal government15. Blacks were encouraged to fight in the Union army later in the Civil War because ______.A. the Union army needed more soldiers to ensure their future victoryB. t he Union admired Blacks’ contributions to the War for IndependenceC. the Union began to reconsider the treatment of Afro-American slavesD. Afro-American slaves were taken as equal members of the countryPassage 2Because speech is the most convenient form of communication, in the future we want essentially natural conversations with computers. The primary point of contact will be a simple device that will act as our window on the world. It will have to be small enough to slip into your pocket, so there will be a screen but no keyboard: you will simply talk to it. The device will be permanently connected to the Internet and will beep relevant information up to you as it comes in. Such devices will evolve naturally in the next five to ten years.Just how quickly people will adapt to a voice-based Internet world is uncertain. Many believe that, initially at least, we will need similar conventions for the voice to those we use at present on screen: click, back, forward, and so on. But soon you will undoubtedly be able to interact by voice with all those IT-based services you currently connect with over the Internet by means of a keyboard. This will help the Internet serve the entire population, not just techno-freaks（科学怪人）.Changes like this will encompass the whole world. Because English is the language of science, it will probably remain the language in which the technology is most advanced, but most speech-recognition techniques are transferable to other languages provided there is sufficient motivation to undertake the work.Of course, in any language there are still huge problems for us to solve. Carefully dictated, clear speech can now be understood by computers with only a 4—5 percent error rate, but even state-of-the-art (最新型的) technology still records 30—40 percent errors with spontaneous speech. Within ten years we will have computers that respond to goal-directed conversation, but for a computer to have a conversation that takes into account human social behavior is probably 50 years off. We’re not going to be chatting to the big screen in the living room just yet.16. Which of the following is NOT true about the device that will act as our window on theworld?A. It will be small enough to be put into your pocket.B. It will have a keyboard.C. It will be permanently connected to the Internet.D. It will evolve in the next 5 to 10 years.17. People now interact with all the IT-based services by means of ______.A. voiceB. a screenC. a keyboardD. pens18. About ______ of natural speech can be understood now by computers with the most advancedtechnology.A. 4—5 percentB. 30—40 percentC. 95 percentD. 60—70 percent19. Fifty years later, when we have a conversation with a computer, it will probably consider_______.A. human social behaviorB. people's tonesC. people's dialectsD. people's habits20. According to the passage, which statement is true?A. English is the only language that can be recognized by the computer.B. Now only 5 percent of natural speech can be understood by computers.C. Five years later, we will have computers that respond to goal-directed conversation.D. Most speech-recognition techniques are transferable to other languages if there is sufficientmotivation to undertake the work.Section C Reading in DepthTo look at me, you would never guess I am in my late sixties. Most people 21 that. I just smile and say, "A lady never reveals her age." There are good reasons why a lady doesn't. Older women get ignored in our society. We are 22 and left to grow old without the company of others.I understood from a very young age our society 23 against the old. Our society is24 against women. And, our society makes judgments based on the color of a person's skin. I am an old black woman. I have to use my every advantage in order to remain a 25 part of my community. I have managed to stay fit, to 26 my looks while my wisdom increases. Often younger men 27 my abilities. However, I should tell you that I am very skilled in the art of politics. I was for many years the mayor of a large urban center in the Southern United States. After that I was elected by my district to 28 them in Congress. I advise other women over sixty not to give up! Old 29 we are, we have experience and know more about life. Let's not let our knowledge and experience go to 30 .Word BankA. althoughB. asC. disappearD. discriminatesE. distinguishesF. inspectG. maintain H. prejudiced I. remainJ. represent K. suspect L. underestimateM. undervalued N. vital O. wasteII. V&SSection A Word Building31. This is the seventh year in ____________ that they've won the cup. (success)32. She's ____________ whether to go to New Zealand or not. (certain)33. At the International School they have pupils of 46 different ____________. (nation)34. There is a plan to ____________ the three-year course to four years. (long)35. In a recent opinion poll, a majority of ____________ were against nuclear weapons. (respond)36. She remained quite ____________ of the illegal activities of her husband. (aware)37. The discovery of the new drug is of great ____________ for people suffering from heartproblems. (signify)38. The lighting of the Olympic torch ____________ peace and friendship among the nations ofthe world. (symbol)39. Children rarely show any ____________ for what their parents do for them. (appreciate)40. I think the words such as courage and bravery are overused and they have been ____________as a result. (value)Section B Word Replacement41. Howard sat looking carefully at the busy traffic in the street through his glasses.A. looking intoB. peering atC. peering offD. looking over42. People who were opposed to cigarette advertising were more likely to give up smoking than those who approved of it.A. took offB. took account intoC. went forD. disapproved of43. In general, the increasingly exaggerated claims of some beauty products by the advertisements are vacant promises.A. As wholeB. In the mainC. In largeD. At length44. Sometimes in the afternoon, I, together with my cousins, went to the river to fish.A. accompany withB. in company withC. come up withD. hand in hand45. About 8,000 people regularly enjoy the benefits of yoga, but only 25% of them are members ofthe yoga club.A. belong toB. match withC. hit onD. stand by46. The basic ethics of any religion are to some extent the same as those of the others.A. to degreeB. in degreeC. to some degreeD. more and less47. The small equipment will gently exercise the small, delicate facial muscles, tighten the skinand smooth out wrinkles.A. fight forB. turn offC. beat backD. go against48. Some doctors who focus on the study of lung cancer have raised questions about theeffectiveness of the new drug.A. absorb inB. dedicateC. concentrate inD. specialize in49. When we were first married, I knew you would have to spend quite a lot of time on your own,when I could not spare myself from business affairs.A. was charged withB. was perceived asC. was tied up withD. was indulged in50. I need something to give this sauce a bit of flavor—ah, a lemon should achieve the desiredeffect.A. work onB. do the trickC. do the utmostD. work outSection C Word Filling51. The performance had to be ______ when the actor fell off the stage and had his left leg broken.A. broken downB. broken intoC. broken offD. broken out52. The builders are trying to ______ the crumbling walls of the church.A. prop upB. build onC. pay upD. put off53. During that time, white people were different from black people to me ______ that theyseemed to speak a strange language.A. sinceB. forC. withD. in54. Edward poured ______ his hopes, feelings, and frustrations in poems addressed to her.A. outB. aroundC. backD. into55. ______ it comes to the value of age, women in particular feel the threat that the visiblechanges of ageing bring.A. AsB. WhenC. WhileD. For56. The head of the state said his country had always attached great importance ______ friendlyrelations with its neighbors.A. toB. aboutC. offD. for57. No other information ______ given about the book itself, although there is a brief biographicalnote about the writer.A. haveB. areC. hasD. is58. If people don't mind ______a degree, I could give a few music lessons!A. I not havingB. my not havingC. me having notD. me not have59. The spy looked ______ around and then walked away from the cinema and disappeared intothe dark.A. cautiouslyB. casuallyC. consistentlyD. continuously60. My friend suggested that maybe the machine was the problem, an idea that seemed to strikethe nurse as ______.A. nutritiousB. controversialC. ridiculousD. stimulating Online HomeWork_U8B4 KEYI. Reading ComprehensionSection One Fast Reading1.F2.T3.T4.T5.F6. F7. F8.F9.T 10.FSection Two Passage ReadingPassage 1 :11.D 12.B 13.D 14.D 15.APassage 2 :16.B 17.C 18.D 19.A 20.DSection Three Reading in Depth21.K 22.M 23.D 24.H 25.N 26.G 27.L 28.J 29.B 30.OII. Vocabulary & StructureSection One Word Building31. succession 32. uncertain 33.34. lengthen 35.respondentsnationalities38. symbolizes 39. appreciation 40. devalued 36. unaware 37.significanceSection Two Word Replacement41.B 42.D 43.B 44.B 45.A 46.C 47. C 48.D 49.C 50.BSection Three Word Filling51.C 52.A 53.D 54.A 55.B 56.A 57.D 58.B 59.A 60.CIII. Listening ComprehensionSection One Short Talks61.D 62.D 63.C 64.B 65.C 66.ASection Two Long Talks67.B 68.A 69.C 70.B71.C 72.BSection Three Dictation73. unfamiliar 74. friendly 75. rely on 76. phone number 77. insisted78. running 79. response 80. stranger。