自考高级英语下Lesson 13 Selected Snobberies分析
自考高级英语
自考高级英语Lesson Two EvelineLesson Two伊芙林 Eveline她坐在窗前，看着夜色袭上街头。
She sat at the window watching the evening invade the avenue.头倚在窗帘上，鼻孔里充斥着带灰尘的印花窗Her head was leaned against the window curtains,帘的味道。
她累了。
窗前很少有人过， and in her nostrils was the odour of dusty cretonne. She was tired. Few people passed.住在最后那座房子的人经过这里往家赶。
她听The man out of the last house passed on his way见水泥路上传来“踢踏”的脚步声，然后是踩在红home; she heard his footsteps clacking along the色新房子前的那条煤渣路上发出的“嘎吱”声。
concrete pavement and afterwards crunching on the cinder path before the new red houses.以前那儿曾是块空地，他们和别人家孩子们天One time there used to be a field there in which天晚上在那里玩。
they used to play every evening with otherpeople’s children.后来一位从贝尔法斯特来的男人买下了这块Then a man from Belfast bought the field and地，并建了座房子——不像他们住的那种灰灰的小built houses in it ----not like their little brown houses ,房子，而是明砖亮瓦房，还有闪亮的屋顶。
高级英语第二册Lesson13in favor of capital punishment
Background Knowledge
♦ 1) A brief introduction to the author,
Jacques Barzun /Jpriestley.htm ♦ 2) Capital punishment & life imprisonment
death penalty are: ♦ 1) punishment for crime is a primitive idea rooted in revenge; ♦ 2) capital punishment does not deter; ♦ 3)judicial error being possible, taking life is an appalling risk; ♦ 4)a civilized state, to deserve its name, must uphold, not violate, the sanctity of human life.
♦ The author’s argument: Since so many
♦ 1) If capital punishment violates the sanctity of
human life, how about the war, the perfect means of killing, launched and supported by these abolitionists? ♦ 2) If capital punishment violates the sanctity of human life, how about the bystanders killed by the police who are so excited that he misses the target? ♦ 3) If capital punishment violates the sanctity of human life, how about the sanctity of the victims lives?
高级英语Lesson13.ppt
Bulk carrier 驳船/散装货轮
• 1. 散货船 • bulbous bow 球状船艏，球鼻首...bulk carrier 散货船 ...bulk oil carrier 散装油轮 - 相关搜索 • 2. 散装货轮 • built-up area 已建区...bulk carrier 散装货轮...bund 堤 - 相关搜索 • 3. 散装运送业 • 179 broker 经纪人...180 bulk carrier 散装运送业...181 bulk container 散装集装箱 - 相关搜索 • 4. 散装货船 • bulk carrier 散货船...bulk carrier 散装货船...bulk cement barge 散装水泥驳
liner-freight vessel/liner ship 货运班轮
3. Iron Curtain Countries 铁幕后的国家
• 3. Iron Curtain Countries 铁幕后的国家 • People referred to the border that separated the Soviet Union and the communist countries of Eastern Europe from the Western European countries as the Iron Curtain. N-PROPER 'the' N • The collapse of the Iron Curtain had immediate impact on the lives of everyone in Germany. • ...when he travelled behind the Iron Curtain in the 1970s. • People used to refer to the Soviet Union and its East European allies as the Iron Curtain countries.
2023年10月自考00600高级英语试题及答案含评分标准
绝密★启用前2023年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试高级英语试题答案及评分参考（课程代码00600）I. Choose the right one to complete the sentence. （15 points, 1 point for each）1. D2. A3. B4. C5. D6. B7. C8. D9. B 10. C11. A 12. C 13. D 14. B 15. AII. Choose the best answer.（20 points, 2 points for each）16. B 17. D 18. C 19. B 20. D21. A 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. AIII. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.（10 points, 2 points for each）26. 汽车电影院是一个文化象征，是二十世纪生活方式的典型产物。
27. 那时，人们去城里看电影都要精心打扮一番，去汽车电影院则不需要。
28. 如果蚊子太多，你甚至可以把扬声器拉进车子里，再把车窗摇上去。
29. 然而，有些电影院却增设了新屏——尤其是在那些郊区地产价值还没有大幅飙升的地区。
30. 现在，影院停车场白天不再闲置，而是用于跳蚤市场、露天售卖以及其他活动。
【评分说明】（1）译文准确，句子连贯，无重大理解错误，不扣分。
（2）虽然译文与答案不完全相符，但能够正确表达原意，不扣分。
（3）译文不准确，内容不连贯，出现一个重大理解错误，该小题扣1分。
（4）关键内容上的漏译，每出现一个，该小题扣1分；关键词汇的漏译，每出现两个，该小题扣1分；但不出现负分。
IV. Answer the following essay question in English within 80-100 words.（10 points）31.【评分说明】（1）内容占6分，语言占4分。
自考高级英语下Lesson 12 The Everlasting Witness
retroactive
• descriptive of any event or stimulus or process that has an effect on the effects of events or stimuli or process that occurred previously对以前的人或事有作用的
Lesson Twelve
The Everlasting Witness
felicitous
well-chosen and suitable OPP infelicitous
– Her choice of music is felicitous. 她选择的音 乐很适当.
serene
• very calm or peaceful
for that matter
• used to say that what you are saying about one thing is also true about something else同样地
– Ben never touched beer, or any kind of alcohol for that matter.
– My knee’s been playing me up this week.
• play up to somebody: to behave in a very polite or kind way to someone because you want something from them企图博得 ... 的好感； 讨好
grimace
• to twist your face in an ugly way because you do not like something, because you are feeling pain, or because you are trying to be funny扮鬼脸，作 怪相，装鬼脸，作苦相
自考综合英语(二)复习总结lesson10-13
自考综合英语（二）复习总结lesson10－13Book 1 lesson 10 1 text1 ………，small and thin as she was，，possessed a strength that ………2 She was a real find.3 It seemed that he had made a good match.4 The son had not invited the old mother to his wedding，but she went to the church and waited at the steps to see her son lead the “young lady” to the altar………5 “Does it pay to make sacrifices for children？The mother uses up her last strength，and he does not even know the meaning of loyalty.6 The old woman sat on a kitchen chair trembling and shaking，………7 These hands spoke of the stubbornness of mankind，of the will to work not only as one’s strength permits but beyond the limits of one’s power.8 She had been driven by an indomitable will to return the property to its rightful owners，to fulfill the task she had undertaken.9 Her soul passed into those spheres where all holy souls meet，regardless of the roles they played on this earth，in whatever tongue，of whatever religion. I cannot imagine paradise without this Gentile washwoman. I cannot even imagine a world where there is no reward for such effort.2 phrase1 sickly ：often ill2 broken in body3 come from（sth）This story comes from The Arabian Nights.His love of math came from his grandfather’s influence.4 count out ：count things（one by one）He counted out a thousand dollars in hundred-dollar bills and put them on the table.5 findShe is a real find in the theatre.6 the poor and aged，the poor and the aged7 be blessed with sth/sb ：be fortunate in having sth./sb.We’re blessed with very loving and understanding parents.8 payIt pays to invest in education.It never pays to overindulge children.Lying doesn’t pay.9 use upWe must not use up all our natural resources in our time，leaving nothing for the future generations.10 not know the meaning ofHe is a brave policeman，and never knows the meaning of fear.This boy doesn’t know the meaning of courtesy.11 fromShe was suffering form cold and hunger.He knew from experience that she wasn’t telling the truth.I guessed from his name that he was Japanese.12 speak ofBarrett’s scarred face spoke of the fierce fights he had been in.The man’s eyes spoke of great suffering.13 tell of14 a wave of ，a wave of anger ，a wave of protest，a wave of violence，a crime wave15 stand on one’s own（two）feet ：be independent and able to look after oneself16 live to be…17 god/heaven forbid18 Wha t good is………？/what is the good of………？19 cross oneself20 be driven by………to doIt was the life in him，unwilling to die，that drove him on.21 rightful3 interpretations1 The rare kindness and generosity with which my grandmother has been blessed make her respected by those who know her.2 I’m afraid your request is beyond the limits of his power.3 She had cancer when she was young，but recovered later and lived to be an advanced age.4 She decided to go to the evening school regardless of her parents’strong objection.5 This is the book published in 1880s，which greatly influenced people’s view about the world.6 China expressed the hope that the talks about nuclear weapons control should be held recently.7 There is no denying the fact that he is guilty of murder.Book 1 lesson 111 text1 The eldest son of parents who were themselves poor，I had，fortunately，to begin to perform some useful work in the world while still very young in order to earn an living and therefore came to understand even in early boyhood that my duty was to assist my parents and become，as soon as possible，a breadwinner in the family.2 What I could get to do，not what I desired，was the question.3 I resolved then that the wolf of poverty should be driven from our door some day.4 I think this makes a man out of a boy sooner than almost anything else. It is everything to feel that you are useful5 The responsibility of keeping the water right and of running the engine，and the danger of my mistaking a mistake and blowing the whole factory to pieces，caused too great a strain，andI often awoke and found myself sitting up in bed through the night，trying the steam-gauges.6 ………，and get more out of life.7 It is because I know how sweet and happy and pure the home of honest poverty is，how free it is from perplexing care，from social envy and emulations，how loving and how united itsmembers my be in the common interest of supporting the family，…2 phrase1 serve ：spend a period of time learning a trade/in a post/ in prisonFranklin Roosevelt served 4 terms as U.S President.The man is serving a three-year sentence for bribery.2 helpXiao Li helped Professor Chen to carry those books to his office.3 The question is = The problem is4 no fewer thanThat cool summer，they sold no fewer than 70 air-conditioners.5 keep the wolf from the door6 that is/was how/why/whatThat’s why I’d left my mum and dad in the North，and came to London.7 I cannot/can’t tell you how/whatI just can’t tell you how I felt when I heard the news.8 be of use ：be useful9 everything ：the most important thing10 outweigh ：be greater or more important thanMany people believe that the benefits of TV far outweigh the harm it might do to children.11 describe sth/sb asI wouldn’t describe the meeting as successful.12 aim and end，fair and square13 something within always told me that this would not，could not，should not last.14 be set to do sthbe set to sthShe was set to win the championship.15 a point/matter/question of honor ：something you feel you must do because of your moral principlesIt was a point of honor with the washwoman to return the wash to its rightful owner.16 relieve sb ofThe university assigned a part-time secretary to relieve Professor Smith’s assistant of some of his work.17 make out18 add（sth）upAdd all the items up and see how much we have to pay.19 get sth out of sthShe got a lot out of reading.I don’t understand what you’ve got out to this trash.He seems to have got a lot out of the course.20 as a rule21 in sbWe’ve all found a good friend in Xiao Liu.We have a good centre forward in Xiao Wang.22 all in oneTo me，he is brother，friend and guardian all in one.In those days，that cave dwelling served as a study，a clinic and a conference room all in one.23 count for much/little ：of much/little value or importanceEmpty promises count for little.Do diplomas count for anything on the job market？24 free fromHe wants to live in a small town free from noise pollution.Now that he’s retired he’s free from all responsibilities.25 sympathize with（sb/sth）I must tell you how much we sympathize with you on your loss.We always sympathize with just causes.26 spring fromWhere did your sister spring from？I thought she was in Europe.27 were not born to die28 be born to/into/of3 interpretations1 He has leant from his life time experience that friendship and love count for much more than money.2 In the common interest of protecting the nature，a lot of governments have been united to abolish the poisonous pollution caused by chemical industry.3 With the coming of the College Entrance Examination，the parents of the examinees are trying their best to relieve their children of the mental burden.4 Every student who wants to get a certificate must pass the exam.5 You spend too much time watching TV and too little time doing exercises.6 In England，the changeable weather is a topic which is much talked about.7 I agree with much of what he said，but not all.Book 1 lesson 121 text1 Rachel Carson continued to feel that way for much of her life. “It was pleasant to believe，” she wrote later，“that much of Nature was forever beyond the tampering reach of man.2 It was comforting to suppose that the stream of life would flow on through time in whatever course God had given it-without interference by one of the drops in that stream-man.3 She wrote about it not only in formal academic reports but also in a book that informed and thrilled laymen around the world. The Sea Around Us，published in 1951，has been translated into more than thirty languages and was on the best-seller list for more than eighty consecutive weeks.4 The Sea Around Us was a delightful antidote to our ignorance.5 One might guess that at this time Carson the reader might have reminded Carson the scientist of some passages in Shakespeare’s most famous play.6 As a scientist，she learned with sadness that little in Nature is truly beyond the “tampering reach of man”2 phrase1 be/feel at（one’s）ease ：be completely relaxedHans felt most at ease with children.2 in a way3 aware of ：realizing thatWhen she became aware of the danger，she left the house immediately.Aware thatFrom the way they talked，she became aware that they were keeping something from her.4 concerning prep：in connection withEven in dying，however，we still have choices concerning how we handle what is happening to us.5 stir upHis speech stirred up racial hatred.6 fire sb ：stimulate sb’s imagination；fill sb with a strong emotion7 be acquainted with/ acquaint sb/oneself with sth8 magic touch ：excellent style9 share sth with sb ：tell sb about sthShe wouldn’t share her worries with anybody.I would like to share with you my experiences in the Middle East.10 awareMy sister is politically very aware.He is an artistically aware person.Be/become aware thatThen I looked up and became aware that everyone was staring at me silently.11 tend to do/be ：be likely to do/beOverindulged children tend to be less creative than other children.In primary and secondary school，girls tend to work harder than boys.12 be recycledIt’s more expensive to recycle used bottles than to make new ones. But it’s worthwhile for the protection of the environment.13 be dependent on14 know of15 pass on（from…。
自考高级英语下Lesson 14 Saturday Night and Sunday Morning
• Grasp: to take and hold something firmly SYN grip
– I grasped his arm firmly and led him away.
Execute & perform
• Execute: to do something that has been carefully planned SYN implement
Lesson Fourteen
Saturday Night and Sunday Morning
at an elbow
• at an elbow: close to sb. / sth
on its last legs
• on its last legs：old or in bad condition, and likely to stop working soon
– I fell and hit my head.
Grab & grasp
• Grab: to take hold of someone or something with a sudden or violent movement SYN snatch
– I grabbed my bag and ran off.
• be bound to: to be very likely to do or feel a particular thing
– Don’t lie to her. She’s bound to find out.
• sling: to make someone leave or go to a place遣送 • sling somebody into/out of something
自考高级英语课后习题及答案-上下全
自考高级英语课后习题及答案-上下全Lesson one Rock Superstars: What Do They Tell Us About Ourselves and Our Society ?ExercisesA.Answer the following questions on the text:1.what is the function of the two quotations ? Are they appropriate ?2.What does the author attempt to illustrate with the three examples at the beginning of the article?3.According to Irving Horowitz , what is the sociological significance of rock music ?4.In what sense did Elvis Presley prove what Horowitz and Rundgren believed ?5.How did Bob Dylan , the Beatles , and the Rolling Stones differ from each other politically ?6.What other major subjects did rock music deal with apart from politics ?7.What rewards did rock superstars get ?8.Has the author given a complete answer to question he raises in the title? Why do you think the author ends the article the way he does ?Key A1.The author uses the two quotations to introduce his ideas . Yes , they are .2.The author uses the three examples to show that the young people worship the rock superstars very much , but the adults find they are sick , The examples show that young people and adults have a totally different attitudes towards rock music .3.Rock music can express its times . He sees it as a debatingforum where American society struggles to define and redefine its feeling and beliefs .4.When he appeared on the Ed . Sullivan Sunday night variety show , a debate took place . The old people frowned while the young viewers applauded.5.Bob Dylan touched a nerve of disaffection. The Beatles urged peace and piety . The Rolling Stones demanded revolution .6.Apart from politics , the rock music dealt with feelings and emotions.7.The rock superstars got applause , praise and money .8.No , he hasn‘t . He want s to leave the question to the re aders and let them think .B Translate the following into Chinese :1.―Jagger,‖ he said , ―grabs a half –gallon jug of water and runs along the front platform , sprinkling its contents over the first few rows of sweltering listeners .2.How do you feel about all this adulation and hero worship ?3.Or are you drawn somehow to this strange clown , perhaps because he acts out your wildest fantasies ?4.Some sociologists say that your answers to them could explain a lot about what you are thinking and about what your society is thinking –in other words , where you and your society are .5.It‘s just that Elvis managed to embody the frustrated teenage spirit of the1950s .6.Feelings always a part of any musical statement were a major subject .7.This country element , Horowitz feels , helped its audience express an urge to ―get away from it all , ― to ―go back to the olddays .‖8.In one 1972 national opinion poll , more than 10 percent of the high school boys and 20 percent of the girls said their hero was a rock superstar.KeyBKeyB1他描述道:‖贾格尔拿着半加仑水, 顺着舞台前沿,边跑边把水洒向前排汗流浃背的歌迷身上.‖2. 你如何看待这种赞美和英雄崇拜?3. 还是由于他把你狂热的幻想用行动表现出来,你神不知鬼不觉地被这个不可思议的小丑所吸引?4. 一些社会学家认为你对这些问题的回答,很能说明你在想什么,社会在想什么..换句话说, 可以说明你和社会的态度.5. 只不过艾尔维斯的演唱表现了50年代青少年那种沮丧的精神状态.6. 感情总是任何音乐表达的必要成分,也是一个重要议题.7. 霍罗威茨认为这种结合表达了听众欲‖摆脱现实一切‖/‖重归昔日‖的强烈愿望.9.在1972年的一次全国民意测验中, 10%以上的高中男生,20%的女生表示他们心目中的英雄是超摇滚歌星.C.Fill in the blank in each sentence with the best word or expression from the box below,changing its form when necessary :Sprinkle swelter in other words lazy rather than reject act out idle worship reverence drive embody9.His paintings embody the spirit of the modern era .10.How do you act out your frustrations , by throwing glasses or something ?11.The peddler sprinkled some water over his vegetables to make them fresher and heavier.12.In such heated air ,the sweltering students could hardly keep their minds on their lessons .13.That‘s idle gossip . Don‘t listen to it .14.She sent in her application for the job , but was rejected as unqualified .15.The salesman considered it safe to go along with the boss rather than to contradict him .8. Everybody should have a sincere reverence /worship for the laws of his country .D.Choose the right word or expression in the brackets to complete each of the following sentences :1.The whole nation watched the two candidates (arguing , debating ) the issue of raising taxes on TV .2.It was a (proud , arrogant ) moment for my cousin when she shook hands with the President .3.Even if you (mix , blend ) oil and water , they will not (mix , blend ).4.Some people watch television so much that they cannot (conceive , imagine ) of living without it .5.As it was an informal dinner , most people (wore ,were dressed ) in their comfortable clothes .6.Do you think those young people are (idealistic ,ideal ) or pragmatic ?7.Filled with great (adulation , admiration ) for their integrity and courage , he was determined to be a man like them .8.Deep at night , they could still hear gun-fire (rambling , rumbling ) in the distance .E.Explain the underlined words in English :1.―They think he is sick , sick , sick , ― Mike said .2.Newspaper editorialized against him .3.He poke of change and of the bewilderment of an older generation .4.The Beatles … urged peace and piety …5.His most notable songs …while the lyrics celebrate the simple joy …6.… these rock musicians mirror feelings and benefits ….7.Horowitz sees the rock music arena as …a place where ideas clash and crash .8.What does he ---or any other current rock success ---tell us about his fans ?Key E1.disgusting2.Editors ? articles attacked and criticized him3.the confusions of the old people4.had a strong desire for peace and piety5.The words of the song praise the natural happiness of the old days .6.reflect emotions and outlooks7.a place where ideas come into opposition and contradict to each other8.other successful rock stars at presentF . Translate the following into English :摇滚乐于20世纪50年代末举起于美国. 它不仅是一种新型的音乐形式,更是美国的青年人表达他们对世界和人生看法的论坛. 在这个论坛上, 歌星们唱出了青年人对民权/战争与和平的态度, 唱出了他们对社会的不满,也唱出了爱与恨之间的各种情感. 总之, 在这个论坛上, 青年人把他们对美国社会的信仰及情感给以全新的解释. 早期的摇滚乐的主要代表人物有艾尔维斯.普雷斯利,歌星加诗人鲍勃.狄伦/甲壳虫乐队以及滚石乐队等等.他们都是青年人崇拜的文化英雄.Key FRock music began in America i n the late 1950‘s . It was not only a new musical form , but a forum for the American youth to express their ideas of the world and life . In this forum , the stars sang out the attitudes of the youth towards civil rights , war and peace ,the disaffection of their society , and a range of emotions between love and hate . Allin all , in this forum , the American youth redefined the beliefs and feelings of their society . The typical representatives of the early rock music were Elvis Presley , singer and poet Bob Dylan , the Bealtles , the rolling Stones and so on . They were the culture heroes whom the young people worshipped .G. Write a short passage of 150—200words in English on the topic ―Do you Agree that Rock Is the Music of Teenage Rebellion ?:‖You should cover the following points :1A general statement of your position ;2Two or three arguments with a supporting example for each .Key GDo You Agree that Rock Is the Music of Teenage Rebellion ?Rock music began in America in the late 1950‘s . It was not only a new musical form , but a forum for the American youth to express their ideas of the world and life .Music expressed its times . Rock music was a sociological expression rather than a musical force . It embodied the frustrated teenage spirit of the 1950s. At that time young people might be dissatisfied with the society or they had some hatred toward the adult world , but they could not protest it openly . So they would use music as an outlet . Then they could get somebalance in their minds .Another aspect is that the young people could make their ideas and beliefs known to the world through music . By music , they could show their felling and dreams . So all in all , young people combined invention and exaggeration ,reason and motion , word and sound , music and politics as a whole .Lesson Two Four Choices for Young PeopleA.Answer the following questions on the text :1.How do American young people look at the adult world in general ?2.What does ―drop out ― mean ? Why does the author say that the dropouts lead a parasitic way of life ?3.In What way are those who flee different from the dropouts ?4.Why is this solution no longer practical on a large scale ?5.What kind of young people tend to follow the strategy of armed revolution ?6.Why does the author say that the most unfortunate are those whose revolutions have succeeded ?7.What are some of the new problems faced by the young people ?8.What is the fourth alternative ? Why does the author favor this alternative ?Key A1.They view the adult world with great skeptism .They think their world is in pretty much of a mess , full of injustice ,poverty and war .2.―Drop out ―means its practioners escape the traditional way of life , refuse to take any responsibility and live a parasitic life . Because its practioners batten on the society which theyscorn and in which they refuse to take any responsibility .3.Those who flee are not parasites.They are willing to support themselves and to contribute something to the general community .4.Because our planet is running out of noble savages and unsullied landscapes , except for the polar regions , the frontiers are gone .5.The young people who have no patience with the tedious workings of the democratic process or who believe that basic institutions can only be changed by force tend to follow this strategy .6.Because they live in bitter disillusionment to see the establishment they have overthrown replaced by a new one , just as hard –faced and stuffy .7.The unprecedent problems of an affluent society , of racial justice , of keeping our cities from becoming uninhabitable, of coping with war in unfamiliar guises , and of population explosion .8.The fourth alternative is to try to change the world gradually .Because it offers a better chance for remedying some of the world ?s outrages than any other available strategy ..B. Translate the following into Chinese :1.Apparently he speaks for a lot of his contemporaries .2.During the last few years , I have listened to scores of young people ,in college and out , who were just as nervous about the grown –up world .3.They are willing to support themselves and to contribute something to the general community , but they simply don‘t like the environment of civilization ;t hat is ,the city , with all its ugliness and tension .4.A few gentleman farmers with plenty of money can still escape to the bucolic life .5.To them it offers a romantic appeal ,usually symbolized by some dashing and charismatic figure.6.For at best their victory never dawns on the shining new world they had dreamed of , cleansed of all human meanness .7.The revolutionary state , under whatever political label , has to be run –not by violent romantics –but by experts in marketing , sanitary engineering , and the management of bureaucracies.8.About all that can be said for it is that it sometimes works – that in this particular time and place it offers a better chance for remedying some of the world ?s outrages than any other available strategy .Key B1.很显然他所说的代表了许多同龄人的想法.2.在过去的几年中, 我听到过许多大学内外的年轻人的谈话, 对于成人世界,他们也有同感.3.他们愿意自食其力,并对社会大众做些贡献.他们不喜欢文明的环境,也就是说, 不喜欢那种丑恶/紧张的城市生活.4.一些极富有的乡绅可以回到农村的田园生活.5.对他们来说,这有一种浪漫/传奇的色彩,通常是以某个有闯劲/魅力超凡的人物为代表的.6.即使革命成功,胜利的曙光也不会照在光灿灿的/梦想的/消除了人类一切自私的新世界上.7.革命的机器,无论贴上什么样的政治标签,还得由市场销售/卫生工程/官僚机构的行家们来操作,而不是由那些极端的浪漫主义者们去操作.8.这种方法的惟一优点是, 它有时真的有效,--在一个特定的时间和地点, 与其它可选的方法相比,它可以更好地改善世界上的倒行逆施行为.C. Fill in the blank in each sentence with the best word or expression from the box below , changing its form whennecessary :Strike run out of cleanse disappoint insoluble unprecedent satisfy virtual contribute available symbolize vehement1.For many Americans , it is their lifelong dream to buy a satisfying /satisfactory two-storied house with a garden .2. To make Beijing our worthy capital , we must get it cleansed of polluted air , among other things .3.In a lot of cultures , red roses are used to symbolize love .4.Unfortunately , their car ran out of fuel , just ten miles short of Chicago .5. An unprecedented event in history took place in 1969 , when two American astronauts landed for the first time on the Moon .6. The detective finally gave up , declaring the mystery insoluble .7. Though high-sounding , his speech struck everyone at the meeting as totally irrelevant to what was discussed .9.If you travel by plane , Beijing and Guangzhou are virtually neighboring cities .D. Choose the right word or expression in the brackets to complete each of the following sentences :1.The professor looked over our papers with a hasty (sight , glance ).2.Before ordering their dinner , they considered the (relevant , relative ) merits of chicken and roast beef .3.The little boy‘s constant noise (exhilarated , exasperated ) his father , who was busy writing a paper for a symposium .4.Isn‘t it (wholesome, noisome )to live in a city with so many vehicles passing day and night ?5.He was born in a small town (lived , inhabited ) by about500 people .6.Her desk was all (jumbled , cluttered ) with old papers , strings , and other odds and ends .7.He thinks they are extremely (idealistic , ideal ) , for all their pragmatism .8.She made one last (attraction , appeal ) to her father for permission to go to the party .E. Explain the underlined words in English :1….who were just as nervous about the grown-up world .2.Unlike the dropouts , they are not parasites .3.This strategy also has ancient antecedents .4.…that is , the city , with all its ugliness and tension .5.For at best their victory never dawns on the shining new world they had dreamed of ….6.At first glance , this course is far from inviting .7.…it offers a better chance for remedying some of the world ?s outrages than any other available strategy .8.…another one looms just ahead .Key E1.They are doubtful and critical about the way the older generation is running the world .2.The y don‘t batten on the society . They support themselves .3.This strategy is not new . We had similar ones in the old times .4.The city is ugly and full of pressures .5.Their success doesn‘t bring about a new world .6.This strategy is not attractive ./doc/f9a9fc6d1a37f111f0855b9f.html pared with other strategies , it can change the world for thebetter . It can stop some of the world ?s violence or crulty .8.Another problem appears before them .F. Translate the following into English :60年代的美国青年是反叛的一代. 他们看到美国这个富裕社会充满了贫困/不平等和虚伪.他们不再相信这个不属于他们的成人社会, 拒绝信奉它的信仰和价值观. 很多青年人积极投入到反对贫困/反对种族歧视和反对越南战争的斗争中去,有些青年人甚至试图以武装革命的方式推翻这个社会. 还有很多青年人以消极的方式表示他们的不满. 他们吸毒,过着不承担任何社会责任的寄生生活,或者跑到未开垦的乡村去, 过着原始公社式的生活.Key FThe American young people in 1960‘s were a ge neration of rebellion . They found that the affluent American society was filled with poverty , injustice and gypocrisy . They didn‘t trust the adult world that didn‘t belong to them and refused to take their beliefs and values . Many young people took active part in the struggle which protested against poverty , racial discrimination and Vietnam War . Some young people even tried to overthrow this world by armed revolution. Many other young took passive ways to show their disaffections . They took drugs , refused to take any responsibilities and lived a parasitic way of life . Or they escaped to the frontiers and lived a primitive way of life .G. Write a short passage of 150-200 words in English on the topic ―My Comment on the Fourth Choice .‖You sho uld c over the following points :!.what the fourth choice is ;2.What you agree on with the author and reasons for your agreement ;3.What you disagree on with the author , if any , and yourexplanation .My Comment on the Fourth ChoiceThe fourth comment is to change the world gradually , one clod at a time . Maybe at the first glance it is not inviting . It lacks glamour . It has no quick result . Itdemands patience . It depends on the exasperating and uncertain instruments of persuasion and democratic decision making .I think the author is right . Reforming the world is a little like fighting a military campaign in the Apennines , as soon as you capture one mountain range, another one looms just ahead . The problems are the same , too. Once some problems are brought under some kind of rough control , new problems take place . So we can‘t solve all the problems at a time . We have to deal with one problem each time and change the world gradually and steadily . So problems can be handled in the same way that hard problems have been coped with before –piecemeal , pragmatically ,by the dogged efforts of many people . so I think in this particular time and place the fourth choice offers a better chance for remedying some of the world ?s outrages than any other available starategy .Lesson Three The Use of ForceBy William Carlos WilliamsA.Answer the following questions on the text :1.why wasn‘t the sick child in bed ?2.why were the girl‘s parents eyeing the doctor up and down distrustfully ?3.What made the girl refuse to open her mouth to the doctor ?4.Why did the doctor insist on examining her throat ?5.Why was the doctor not able to see her throat since healready had the wooden tongue depressor into her mouth ?6.How did the doctor final ly g et see the girl‘s throat ?7.Did the girl‘s physical beauty have anything to do with the outcome of the incident ?Explain .8.Can you find any fault with the doctor‘s behavior?Key A,1.Because it was damp there .2.Because they were the new patients to him and they were nervous .3.She didn‘t want others to know that her tonsils were covered with membrane.4.Because the doctor took a trial shot that the girl might have diphtheria.5.Because she gripped the wooden blade between her molars and did n‘t o pen her mouth to let the doctor have a look .6.The doctor overpowered the child‘s neck and jaws , forced the heavy silver spoon back of her teeth and down her throat till she gagged .7.Yes , it did . Because she was very beautiful and didn‘t wan t others to know her shortcomings . She thought tonsils covered with membrane were ugly .8.Yes . The doctor grasped the child‘s head and tried to get the wooden tongue depressor between her teeth . He had grown furious at the child . He could have torn the child apart and enjoyed it .B. Translate the following into Chinese :1.When I arrived I was met by the mother , a big startled looking woman , very clean and apologetic who merely said , Is this the doctor?And let me in .2.He tried to get up , but I motioned for him not to bother ,took off my overcoat and started to look things over .3.As often , in such cases , they weren‘t telling me more than they had to , it was up to me to tell them .4.I smiled in my best professional manner and asking for the child‘s first name I said , come on , Mathilda, …5.At that I ground my teeth in disgust . If only they wouldn‘t use the word ―hurt ―I might be able to get somewhere .6.In the ensuing struggle they grew more and more abject , crushed , exhausted while she surely rose to magnificent heights of insane fury of effort bred of her terror of me .7.…she opened up for an instant but before I could see any thing she came down again and gripped the wooden blade between her molars she reduced it to splinters before I could get it out again .8.The damned little brat must be protected against her own idiocy , one says to one‘s self at such times .Key B1.我到她家时先遇到她的母亲, 她一副惊讶/害怕的表情. 她穿着很干净, 只是礼貌地说, 您是医生吗?就让我进去了.2.他试图站起来, 我示意他不要麻烦,脱去外套, 开始检查.3.像往常一样, 在这种情况下, 他们不会告诉我更多的情况, 而是理应由我来告诉他们.4.我尽量露出我的职业微笑,询问小女孩的名字.我说,过来,玛蒂尔…5.此时我已厌恶地咬牙切齿,要不是他们使用‖伤害‖这个词,我可能早就采取行动了.6.在接下来的斗争中,他们变得越来越可怜,被制服,甚至精疲力竭,而小女孩由于害怕我而产生的狂怒却达到了顶点.7.她的嘴张开了一下, 我还没有来的及看清楚,她又闭上了嘴.,紧紧地用臼齿咬住木刃.我还没有来的及将它拔出,,她已把它咬成了碎片.8.那个可恶的小家伙很愚蠢,但我应当保护她, 此时我对自己这样说.B.Fill in the blank in each sentence with the best word or expression from the box below , changing its form when necessary :Apologetic motion apprehension distrustful profusion admonish terrifying coax contemptible ensue desist overpower1.They heard of the traffic accident and immediately rushed to the hospital , full of apprehensions about the safety of the passengers .2.The terrifying explosion occurred early in the morning .3.As he entered the newly decorated building , an overpowering smell of paint made him feel quite sick .4.The old man yelled over and over again ―stop thief ,stop thief !‖ But nobody did anything . The indifference of the onlookers was really contemptible .5.The police motioned for the crowd to move on to the next street .6.In Kunming , flowers grow in great profusion all the year round .7.The fans shouted and clapped so loudly that in the ensuing confusion nobody could hear a thing .8.The boys were frightened , but the police managed to coax them into telling him what they had seen that night .A.Choose the right word or expression in the brackets to complete each of the following sentences :1.The girl looked at the doctor (terrifyingly, terrified ).2.―If you finish all the homework tonight , we‘ll go for a picnic tomorrow , ― he (admonishe d ,coaxed).3.He thought their behavior was (contemptuous ,contemptible ),but he didn‘t say anything in front of the host .4.Summoned by the boss , he approached his office full of(apprehension ,distrust ).5.He was sincerely sorry for what happened at the party , so people accepted his (excuse ,apology ).6.They were walking in the forest when they heard a (terrifying ,terrific )roar which made their blood freeze .7.Obviously they were getting nowhere with the meeting , so he decided to (desist ,resist ) from making a final decision that afternoon .8.―How can you say that you don‘t want to see your grandmother ?‖the father (admonished ,coaxed ).E. Explain the underlined words in English :1…very clean and apologetic…2…it was up to me to tell them ;…3.And there‘s been a lot of sickness around .4.Nothing doing .5.I‘m here to look at her throat on the chance that she might have diphtheria …6.We‘re going through with this .7…I too had got beyond reason.8.My face was burning with it .Key E1.polite2.It was my duty …3.There has been a lot of sick people near our home .4.She did nothing . There was no action .5.probably , possibly6.We‘ll continue to the end .7.became unreasonable8.pleasure and enjoymentF.Translate the following into English :玛蒂尔达病了三天了,母亲给她吃了药也不见好, 只好请来了医生.由于玛蒂尔达的学校里有学生患白喉,而且已经有两个孩子死去,医生到奥尔逊家后首先要检查玛蒂尔达的喉咙.但是无论怎么劝,她就是不肯张开嘴,于是医生只得用压舌板伸进她的嘴里. 然而玛蒂尔达竟然把压舌板咬碎了.为了保护玛蒂尔达本人及其他的儿童,医生必须弄清玛蒂尔达是否患了白喉,以便给予及时的治疗.于是他让玛蒂尔达的父亲抓紧她的手腕,自己用力掰开了玛蒂尔达的嘴,发现她果然得了白喉.这个故事使我们想到这样一个问题,生活中有的事不能全靠自愿,在有的情况下, 一定的强迫似乎是必要的.Key F.Mathilda had been ill for three days . Her mother had given her some medicine, but it didn‘t do any good . So they had to ask the doctor to come . There had been a number of cases of diphtheria in Mathilda‘s school and two of them had bee n dead . When the doctor arrived at Olson‘s home , he wanted to examine Mthilda‘s throat first . But no matter how he coaxed ,,She wouldn‘t open her mouth . So the doctor had to get the tongue depressor into her mouth . But Mathilda reduced it to splinters . In order to protect Mathilda herself and other children , the doctor had to make sure whether she had diphtheria or not , so that he could treat her in time . Letting Mathilda ?s father hold her wrists he tried his best to open her mouth and found sh e really had diphtheria. This story made us can think such a question that something in life can‘t only depend on self willingness . Under some circumstances , certain force seems necessary .G. Write a short passage of 150-200words in English on the topi c ―Comment on the Doctor‘s Behavior . ―You should covre the following points :1.Why he wanted to examine the girl‘s throat ;2.how he tried to coax her to open her mouth ;3.what made him decide to use force to see her throat ;4.your opinion of t he doctor‘s behavior .Key G.Comment on the Doctor‘s BehaviorAfter the doctor arrived at the girl‘s home , he wanted to see her throat . As there had been a number of cases of diphtheria in the school to which the girl went during that month , the doctor also thought that of the girl . So he smiled to the girl and asked her to open her mouth and let him have a look at her throat . No matter how the doctor coaxed , the girl shut her mouth firmly .Thinking that the girl might have diphtheria and possibly die of it , the doctor decided to use force to open her mouth . He had seen at least two children lying dead in bed of neglect in such cases . He felt that he must get a diagnosis now . So he grasped the girl‘s head with his left hand and tried to get t he woo den tongue depressor between her teeth . But when the doctor got the wooden spatula behind her last teeth . She gripped the blade between her molars and reduced it to splinters . In the final unreasoning assault the doctor outerpowered the girl . He forced the heavy silver spoon back of her teeth and down her throat till she gagged . Her both tonsils were covered with membrane.From that the doctor had done , I thought he was a responsible person . In order to save the lives of the patients , especially those children who did not know how toco-operate with the doctor ,he had to take some measure . Otherwise a good or suitable time of treatment would be missed .Lesson Four Die as You ChooseA.Answer the following questions on the text :1.Is euthanasia openly practiced in Holland ?2.Why did the doctors in the U.S.sometimes secretly practice euthanasia without consulting the dying patients ?3.What is the difference between passive euthanasia and active euthanasia ?Do you think they make any difference ?4.W hat is a ―living-will ―?5.Did Hippocrates prohibit euthanasia ?Did most ancient Greek doctors and thinkers agree with his ban ?What did the author want to tell the reader by presenting this historical fact ?6.What is the danger involved if euthanasia is legalized ?7.Why did the author say that West Germany will not be able to legalize any form of euthanasia for a long time to come ?8.What is the author‘s view on euthanasia ?Key A1.Yes, it is .2.Because they could rarely discuss euthanasia openly with patients and voluntary euthanasia was taboo , the doctor had to make the decision himself .3.Passive euthanasia means the doctor lets the patient die without giving him any treatment on his own request . Active euthanasia means the doctor kill the patient by giving him an injection or enough painkillers . No, I don‘t think they make any difference.4.―Living will ―is a will made by a person when he is living that he does not want life prolonged when he is dying .5.Yes , he did .No, they didn‘t .The author wanted to explain that when in ancient Greece doctors and thinkers had the courage to disagree withHippocrates , we should support euthanasia today .6.It may pose dangers for society by setting a precedent for killing .7.West Germany will not legalize any form of euthanasia fora long time because of the shadow of the past .8.The author has an appositive attitude towards euthanasia . He supports it .A.Translate the following into Chinese:1.The need for laws on euthanasia cannot be dodged for much longer .2.In Holland mercy-killing is accepted by the medical establishment and openly practiced a few thousand times each year .3.The debate on euthanasia will rumble on into the autumn, when Californians may vote on a proposed law legalizing euthanasia .4.Many people accept that it is sad , undignified and gruesome to prolong the throes of death with all the might of medical technology .5.How long can the distinction between killing and letting die hold out ?6.Is he then necessarily wrong if he administers enough painkillers to kill ?Does the fact that the doctor performed an action, rather than an omission , condemn him ?7.It is probably no coincidence that it was Dutch doctors who most heroically resisted pressure to join in the Nazi medical atrocities .8.Countries with an uninterrupted recent libertarian tradition have less to fear from setting some limited rules for voluntary euthanasia .。
自考高级英语下Lesson On Human Nature and Politics
Muhammadan
• of or relating to the Arabian prophet Muhammad or to the religion he founded
• （伊斯兰教创始人）穆罕默德的伊斯兰教 （徒）的，回教的
come to grief
inactive
• not active or exerting influence • Some animals are inactive during the
daytime. • 有些动物白天不活动。
exquisite
• of delicate composition and artistry; • of extreme beauty; • The Indians brought in exquisite beadwork
psychoanalysis
• a set of techniques for exploring underlying motives and a method of treating various mental disorders; based on the theories of Sigmund Freud;
vanity
• feelings of excessive pride • the quality of being valueless or futile • A man's vanity is actually in proportion to
his ignorance. • 一个人的虚荣心实际上是和他的愚蠢程度
viands at the slightest nod. • 只要他们轻轻点点头希腊奴隶就会供奉给
自考高级英语课文翻译下
销售部不要未婚男士，甚至连丧偶的也不要，因为公司根据以往的经验得出，对未婚销售人员来说与前程似锦的高级管理人员以及他们的太太们进行社交来往或者参与重大的活动不仅很困难而且危险。如果一位销售人员的妻子去世了，而他又没有准备再婚，那么通常在丧期后的几个月内他就会调去做行政管理工作。单身汉永远都不会做销售员。离婚或者丧偶的销售员都很清楚他们最好再婚或者去另谋他职。
然而，销售人员热爱他们的工作，而绝不再选择其他职业。在没有消化不良的困扰或不再苦苦为未来忧虑时，他们是一群充满活力、爱说爱笑的人。另一方面他们会突然之间变得任性并且牢骚满腹，他们每个人都至少能说出公司的一个上层人物是令他极度不满并且觉得这个人会毁了他的前程的。
销售人员工作努力，薪金丰厚，还有个人经费，他们会把这笔个人经费挥霍在进出公司的其他人的身上，其中包括我本人。他们在豪宅区拥有自己的房子，在高级的私人高尔夫球场打球。公司鼓励这种做法。实际上，公司为他们支付乡村俱乐部会员费以及他们在那里的所有开支，并且对那些在高尔夫球上给人留下深刻印象的销售人员给予奖励。
非常奇怪的是，销售人员对长期压力和他们所受的严格管理能够坦然处之。他们受到纪律和上级指令的激励和促动。他们在上司的点拨下获得成功，业绩蒸蒸日上。当他们不是烦躁焦虑或者沮丧时，大多开朗、充满自信而且很合群。一个人一定是具备某种特殊的性格和气质才使他不但从事销售工作而且想做一名销售人员。
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• the complacent poeticizings of these adolescents must seem as exasperating as they are profoundly pathetic：these teenage TB patients feel so satisfied with themselves that they romanticize their illness. They are so ignorant that people feel both very sorry for and annoyed at them.
tempt
• tempt: to make someone want to have or do something, even though they know they really should not诱惑,怂恿
• be tempted to do something
– I’m tempted to buy that dress.
– A large photograph of the children had prid wall.
• hitherto：up to this time
• whose claim to distinction: their demand that they are different and should be respected
• temper: to soften or tone down
Problematical & questionable
• disfigure: to spoil the appearance that something naturally has • Probably there has never been anybody who is snobbish about diseases which destroy the looks and are incurable.
• the final stages of the consumptive fading： the last stages of TB when the patient is weakening and dying
ingenuous
• an ingenuous person is simple, trusting, and honest, especially because they have not had much experience of life天真的，单 纯的
• adolescent consumption-snobs: teenagers who suffer from TB and feel superior because of it
• to fade away in the flower of youth: to die gradually when young
• Problematical: involving problems and difficult to deal with成问题的
– The reforms could turn out to be highly problematic.
• questionable: not likely to be true or correct可疑的；可置疑的
• Snobbery: behavior or attitudes which show that you think you are better than other people, because you belong to a higher social class or know much more than they do势利 • Snobbish a. behaving in a way that shows you think you are better than other people because you are from a higher social class or know more than they do势利的； 自命不凡的 Her family seems snobbish.
Lesson 13
Selected Snobberies
Snob, snobbery, snobbish
• snob: someone who thinks they are better than people from a lower social class – used to show disapproval势 利小人；自命不凡的人 Stop being such a snob.
– The statistics are highly questionable.
• In so far as: 到 ... 的程度； 在 ... 范围内
have/take pride of place
• if something has or takes pride of place, it is put in the best place for people to see because it is the thing you are most proud of 摆在最显眼的位置
Complacent
• pleased with a situation, especially something you have achieved, so that you stop trying to improve or change things – used to show disapproval满足的；自满的； 得意的