动名词的用法学案

学习过程

一、复习预习

1.引导学生复习上节内容，批改学生上次课的作业，以题带点，查漏补缺。

2.复习必修四unit2--unit4 v-ing形式做主语，表语，宾语，宾语补足语,定语和状语。Unit3课文原句：Unfortunately his father died, leaving the family even worse...

翻译：不幸的是他的父亲去世了，使得他的家境更加艰难......

要点考点：leaving...现在分词作结果状语常表示“意料、情理之中”

句式仿写：他们遇上交通阻塞，因而迟到了。

They were caught in a traffic jam,thus causing the delay.

二、知识讲解

考点/易错点1：非谓语v-ing做主语

V-ing形式做主语(注意谓语动词用单数）

Reading in bed is bad for your eyes.

句型：It’s no use /no good/useless +v-ing (注意：it为形式主语v-ing形式为真正的主语。

翻译：1.覆水难收( It’s no use crying over the spilt milk.)

2.抱怨是无用的(It’s no use complaining.)

考例：Once your business becomes international,_________constantly will be part of your life.

A.your fly

B.your flight

C. Flight

D. Flying

(答案) D。由于空格后出现了constantly这一副词，这就说明不能选B或C，因为B、C均为名词，不能受副词constantly 的修饰。A和D均是可能的，因为其中有动词fly。但若选A，you fly 是一个主谓结构，与其后的谓语will be 相冲突，所以只能选D，即动名词flying 在此用作主语。

v-ing形式作表语时放在系动词之后，用来泛指某种动作或行为，以说明主语的身份、性质或情况。

Seeing is believing. 眼见为实

翻译

1. My dream is going to key university（上重点大学）。

2. My job is teaching(教学)。

1.口诀

v-ing形式作宾语，承认依靠和推辞;

喜欢面对便欣赏，错过原谅别介意；

避免借口遭否认，包括想像多坚持；

要阻止，别延迟，想要脱逃冒险值；

一个忍受两完成，忙于报告提建议。

即：在admit, avoid, appreciate, depend, enjoy, escape, excuse, face, fancy, imagine, favor, finish, deny, include, keep, mind, miss, pardon, practise, prevent, risk, delay, suggest, report, be busy, be worth, complete, stand ,put off后加v-ing作宾语。

2．动词短语后只能接V-ing形式作宾语的有：can't help, prefer doing A to doing B, be used to （习惯于）, end up, feel like, lead to, be busy (in), be tired of, be fond of, be afraid of, be proud of, think of / about, put off, keep on, insist on, be good at, give up, prevent / stop / keep ... from...等。

翻译：

我已习惯生活在这儿了。（I have been used to living here. ）

我喜欢集邮和收集钱币。（I'm fond of collecting stamps and coins. ）

获得英语竞赛的第一名，我感到很自豪。

（I'm proud of winning the first prize in the English competition.）

3．need, require, want译作“需要”时，后接V-ing形式作宾语，主动形式表示被动意义，相当于to be done。

The radio needs / requires / wants repairing / to be repaired. 收音机需要修理了。

考点/易错点4：v-ing做定语

-ing形式作定语

1）单个动词的-ing放在名词的前面，既可以表示被修饰者的功能，也可以表示被修饰者的动作或状态。如：

A walking man A walking stick

A sleeping bag A sleeping student

翻译

饮用水drinking water 发展中国家developing country

手杖walking stick 阅览室reading room

2）-ing形式短语作定语时, 放在所修饰的名词之后, 并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。如：

They lived in a room facing the street. = They lived in a room that faces the street.

The man standing there is Peter’s father. = The man who is standing there is Peter’s father.

句型转换

1. The man who is running in the picture is Liu Xiang.

(The man running in the picture is Liu Xiang.)

2. The techer who teaches us Math is our headteacher.

(The teacher teaching us Math is our headteacher.)