考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编4(题后含答案及解析)
考博士英语试题及答案
考博士英语试题及答案一、词汇和语法（共20分，每题2分）1. The word "innovate" is most closely related to which of the following?A. CreateB. ImitateC. DuplicateD. Annihilate答案：A2. Which sentence is grammatically correct?A. She has been working here since she graduated.B. She has been working here since she graduated from university.C. She has been working here since she graduated university.D. She has been working here since she was graduated.答案：B3. The correct usage of the word "subsequent" is demonstrated in which sentence?A. The subsequent event was unexpected.B. The subsequent events were unexpected.C. The subsequent event was not expected.D. The subsequent events were not expected.答案：B4. What is the antonym of "abundant"?A. ScarceB. AbundantC. PlentifulD. Ample答案：A5. The phrase "at the mercy of" means:A. To be in a position of power.B. To be controlled by someone or something.C. To show mercy to someone.D. To be in a state of uncertainty.答案：B...二、阅读理解（共30分，每篇阅读5题，每题2分）Passage 1[文章内容略]6. What is the main idea of the passage?A. [选项A]B. [选项B]C. [选项C]D. [选项D]答案：[正确答案]7. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A. [选项A]B. [选项B]C. [选项C]D. [选项D]答案：[正确答案]8. The author's attitude towards the subject can be best described as:A. SkepticalB. OptimisticC. NeutralD. Pessimistic答案：[正确答案]9. What does the term "paradigm shift" refer to in the context of the passage?A. [选项A]B. [选项B]C. [选项C]D. [选项D]答案：[正确答案]10. What conclusion can be drawn from the passage?A. [选项A]B. [选项B]C. [选项C]D. [选项D]答案：[正确答案][其他Passage及问题略]三、完形填空（共20分，每题2分）[文章内容略]11. The blank [ ] should be filled with:A. [选项A]B. [选项B]C. [选项C]D. [选项D]答案：[正确答案]12. The word that best completes the sentence is:A. [选项A]B. [选项B]C. [选项C]D. [选项D]答案：[正确答案]...四、翻译（共20分，每题5分）13. Translate the following sentence into English: [中文句子]答案：[英文翻译]14. Translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: [英文句子]答案：[中文翻译]...五、写作（共10分）15. Write an essay of about 300 words on the topic "The Impact of Technology on Education".[写作指导略][学生作文略]注意：以上试题及答案仅为示例，实际考试内容会有所不同。
考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编58(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编58(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabularyStructure and V ocabulary1．To avoid an oil shortage more machines must ______ solar energy.A．developB．introduceC．exerciseD．utilize正确答案：D解析：utilize／-ise vt．利用，使用(如：Can you utilize a computer in your work? to utilize one’s abilities in a suitable job)。
develop vt.开发，研制；发展，形成。
introduce vt．引进，传入；介绍。
exercise vt．运用，行使(权力、影响、耐心、谨慎等)。
2．There was a quick turnover of staff in the department as the manager treated his employees with______contempt.(2005年中国科学院考博试题)A．utterB．soleC．intimateD．corresponding正确答案：A解析：本题空格处是说“经理以完全蔑视的态度来对待他的员工”。
A项“utter 全然的，绝对的”符合题意，如：What he is doing is utter stupidity!(他正在做的是完全愚蠢的事!)其他三项“sole单独的，唯一的：intimate亲密的，隐私的：corresponding相应的，通信的”都不正确。
3．They need to move to new and large apartments. Do you know of any ______ones in this area?(2007年清华大学考博试题)A．evacuatedB．emptyC．vacantD．vacate正确答案：C解析：四个选项的意思分别是：evacuated撤退者的；empty空的，指里面什么东西都没有，如：The ease is empty．(这是个空箱子。
考博英语(词汇)模拟试卷24(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语（词汇）模拟试卷24(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. Structure and V ocabularyStructure and V ocabulary1．Many of the conditions that______population pressures—overcrowding, unemployment, poverty, hunger and illness—lead to dissatisfaction.A．bring forwardB．give rise toC．feed up withD．result from正确答案：D解析：在给出的选项中：bring forward“提出，提供”；give rise to“引起，导致，使发生”；feed up with“使对……厌烦”；result from“起因于，由……造成”。
根据句意和各个选项的意思可知，正确答案是D。
知识模块：词汇2．Arriving anywhere with these possessions, he might just as easily______for a month or a year as for a single day.A．put upB．stay upC．speed upD．make up正确答案：A解析：在给出的选项中：put up“在某地投宿”；stay up“熬夜，不睡觉”；speed up“加速”；make up“组成，化妆，整理”。
根据句意和各个选项的意思可知，正确答案是A。
知识模块：词汇3．The fact that the earth’s surface heats______provides a convenient way to divide it into temperature region.A．infrequentlyB．irregularlyC．unsteadilyD．unevenly正确答案：D解析：在给出的选项中：infrequently“很少发生地，稀少地”；irregularly“不规则地，无规律地”；unsteadily“不稳定地，摇摆地”；unevenly“不均衡地，不平坦地，不平行地”。
考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编39(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编39(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabularyStructure and V ocabulary1．As its______grew, funds began to accumulate and the union got more and more powerful.A．recruitB．sizeC．membershipD．expansion正确答案：C解析：membership n.会员数；全体会员(如：The membership of the club is now 500．The society has a large membership．)。
recruit n．新兵，新成员。
size n.大小，尺寸，尺码。
expansion n．扩大，扩充；扩张，膨胀。
2．Little boys seem to enjoy______ train sets more than little girls.(2003年中国社会科学院考博试题)A．captureB．departureC．fixtureD．miniature正确答案：D解析：本题是说，小男孩看上去比小女孩更喜欢小型的火车装置。
D项“miniature缩小的”符合题意。
其他三项“capture捕获；departure出发；fixture 固定设备”都不正确。
3．Concerned people want to______ the risk of developing cancer.(2002年春季上海交通大学考博试题)A．takeB．decreaseC．minimizeD．claimed正确答案：C解析：本题中，take the risk of doing sth．的意思是“冒险做……”；decrease 的意思是“降低”；minimize的意思是“减到最少”；claimed的意思是“声称、主张”。
考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编53(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编53(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabularyStructure and V ocabulary1．We all buy things on the______of the moment; this is what the retail trade calls an “impulse buy”.(2007年中国科学院考博试题)A．urgeB．forceC．spurD．rush正确答案：C解析：此题考查的是词语的搭配。
urge项表示“敦促”；force表示“力量，影响力”；spur表示“动力”；rush表示“匆促”。
只有C项有固定用法on the spur of,表示一时冲动，所以答案是C选项。
2．The young nation has not yet attained political ______.A．stabilityB．prosperityC．maturityD．independence正确答案：A解析：stability n.稳定，稳固(如：Nothing is more important than political stability for a country in its economic endeavour．)。
prosperity n.兴旺，繁荣。
maturity n.成熟(阶段)；有经验。
independence n.独立，自主。
3．Even when textbooks are ______ through a school system, methods of teaching may vary greatly.(2011年四川大学考博试题)A．commonplaceB．standardizedC．competitiveD．generalized正确答案：B解析：在给出的选项中：commonplace“平凡的，陈腐的，平庸的”；standardized “标准化的”；competitive“竞争的，有竞争力的”；generalized“广泛的，普遍的”。
考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编30(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编30(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabularyStructure and V ocabulary1．Recent research into aging suggests that the body’s defense mechanisms may lose the ability to distinguish what is alien.(2003年春季电子科技大学考博试题) A．insaneB．infectiousC．foreignD．poisonous正确答案：C解析：本题中，alien的意思是“外来的，不同的”。
四个选项中，foreign的意思是“外国的，异质的”，如：a foreign object in the eye．(眼睛中的异物)。
insane 的意思是“患精神病的，极度愚蠢的”；infectious的意思是“有传染性的，易感染的”。
只有C项符合题意。
2．It is impossible to ______ whether she’ll be well enough to come home from the hospital next month.(2004年湖北省考博试题)A．foreseeB．inferC．fabricateD．inhibit正确答案：A解析：本题意为“很难预见她是否能在下个月出院回家”。
A项的“foresee 预见”符合题意。
其他三项“infer推论、推断；fabricate制作、装配，伪造；inhibit 禁止、约束”都不正确。
3．She said some bad things about me, but I have______her for that.A．releasedB．freedC．forgivenD．regretted正确答案：C解析：forgive vt．原谅，饶恕，宽恕。
考博英语历年真题试卷
考博英语历年真题试卷《考博英语历年真题试卷》As an aspiring doctoral student, the journey to obtaining a PhD is a challenging and rigorous one. One of the major milestones in this journey is the examination process, and the English language proficiency test is a crucial component of this process. The "考博英语历年真题试卷" (Doctoral English Language Proficiency Test Past Papers) is an invaluable resource for students preparing for this exam. The past papers provide a comprehensive overview of the types of questions that may be asked in the exam, as well as the format and structure of the test. By studying these papers, students can gain a better understanding of the exam's requirements and expectations, and can tailor their preparation accordingly. Furthermore, the past papers also serve as a valuable practice tool for students. By attempting the questions in the papers, students can assess their current level of English proficiency and identify areas for improvement. This allows them to focus their efforts on areas where they may be weaker, and to develop strategies for tackling different types of questions.In addition to being a practical study aid, the past papers also offer insight into the evolution of the exam over the years. By studying older papers, students can gain a better understanding of how the exam has changed and adapted over time, and can anticipate potential trends or patterns in the types of questions that may be asked in future exams.Overall, the "考博英语历年真题试卷" is an essential resource for any studentpreparing for the English language proficiency test as part of their doctoral studies. By using these past papers as a study aid, students can gain a better understanding of the exam's requirements, assess their current level of proficiency, and develop effective strategies for success. With diligent preparation and the help of these past papers, students can approach the exam with confidence and achieve their goal of obtaining a PhD.。
博士入学考试_2004年北京清华大学考博英语真题及答案
寻觅 寻觅 2004年北京清华大学考博英语真题及答案 (总分100, 考试时间90分钟) Part Ⅰ Vocabulary Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one that completes the sentence and then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. 1. Her sadness was obvious, but she believed that her feeling of depression was ______.
A torrent B transient C tensile D textured 该问题分值: 1 答案:B 2. Nobody knew how he came up with this ______ idea about the trip.
A weary B twilight C unanimous D weird 该问题分值: 1 答案:D 3. The flower under the sun would ______ quickly without any protection.
A wink B withhold C wither D widower 该问题分值: 1 答案:C 4. The ______ of gifted children into accelerated classes will start next week according to their academic performance.
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考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编4(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabularyStructure and V ocabulary1．She had a great______ for the toxin where she grew up.A．feelingB．tasteC．emotionD．affection正确答案：D解析：affection(for)n．爱，深挚的感情(注：如果前面有形容词修饰可加不定冠词：A feeling of affection grew up between them．He thanked her with genuine affection．He had a warm affection for his mother．)。
feeling n．感情(中性名词，常有形容词修饰才能说明具体的感情)。
taste(for)n．口味，鉴赏力(have a taste for sth．能欣赏……)。
emotion n．情感，情绪(没有have an emotion for sth．的句型)。
2．The company that Joan works for is ______ with an automotive company, so she can get a discount on a new car.(2014年北京航空航天大学考博试题) A．correlatedB．parallelC．affiliatedD．accounted正确答案：C解析：本题考查固定搭配。
A有相互关系的：B使与……平行；C附属的，有关联的；D解释，认为。
句意为：琼工作的公司隶属于一家汽车公司，所以她可以得到一辆新车。
此处“be affiliated with”为固定搭配，意思“隶属于……”，故此处答案为C。
3．The Supreme Court______the judgment of the lower court in that case last week. (2009年北京航空航天大学考博试题)A．amplifiedB．affirmedC．ascendedD．applauded正确答案：B解析：四个选项的意思分别是；amplified放大：affirmed认可，批准(法律，判决)：ascended上升，攀登；applauded鼓掌，赞同。
所以正确答案是B选项。
如：The ministry affirmed that the visit had been postponed．(部里证实访问已延期。
)4．I can’t______to have a holiday abroad on my salary.A．spendB．spareC．affordD．stand正确答案：C解析：afford vt．(一般与can／could搭配)买得起，花得起，担负得起，做得起(句型：afford sth．／+动词ing形式；afford to+动词原形)。
spend vt．花(钱、时间)(句型：spend money on／for sth．；spend money on／in+动词ing形式；spend time on sth．；spend time／n．十动词ing形式)。
spare vt．节约，吝惜；省出，抽出(时间)；饶恕，不伤害。
stand vt．(用于否定句)经受，容忍(后面不跟不定式)。
5．The bridge was named ______ the hero who gave his life for the cause of the people.A．byB．withC．afterD．from正确答案：C解析：name(sb．/sth．)after/for以……的名字给……取名(不与其他三个介词搭配)。
6．He felt it rather difficult to take a stand ______ the opinion of the majority.A．forB．againstC．toD．by正确答案：B解析：take a stand for／against sth．对……表明支持／反对态度(注：take a stand后面不跟to／by sth．)7．Any business needs insurance ______ordinary risks such as fire, flood and breakage.(2007年中国科学院考博试题)A．inB．againstC．onD．of正确答案：B解析：本题考查介词的用法，句子的意思是：任何行业都需要保险来抵御一般的风险，如火火、水火或破损。
这四个介词中只有against有“防备，预防”的意思，所以B项是正确答案。
8．The continuous unrest was ______ the nation’s economy.(2004年上海理工大学考博试题)A．exaggeratingB．aggravatingC．amendingD．fastening正确答案：B解析：本题是说“持续动荡的局面使国家的经济愈加恶化”。
B项的“aggravate 使恶化，加重”符合题意。
如：Grief aggravated herillness．(痛苦加重了她的病情)。
其他三项“exaggerate夸张，夸大；amend修改，修订，订正，改进，改善；fasten扎牢，集中于，加强”都不正确。
9．Animals can become unusually ______ when they are upset by a sudden environmental change.A．vigorousB．predominantC．aggressiveD．irritable正确答案：C解析：aggressive a.侵略的；好斗的；敢作敢为的；有进取心的。
vigorous a.有力的，用力的；精力充沛的。
predominant a.占主导地位的：显著的。
irritable a.易生气的，不耐烦的，烦躁的。
10．International sport should create goodwill between the nations, but in the present organization of the Olympics somehow encourages ______ patriotism.(2004年中国人民大学考博试题)A．obsoleteB．aggressiveC．harmoniousD．amiable正确答案：B解析：空格处是说鼓励带有挑衅性的爱国精神。
aggressive的意思是“侵犯的，挑衅的”。
与题意相符。
而“obsolete陈旧的，过时的；harmonious和谐的：amiable和蔼可亲的”都不正确。
11．The moment someone broke into the factory, a burglar______rang in the police station.A．alarmB．warningC．bellD．threat正确答案：A解析：alarm n.报警器；惊恐。
warning n.警告。
bell n.铃。
threat n.威胁。
12．The doctor ______ me to the danger of not getting enough sleep.A．warnedB．advisedC．remindedD．alerted正确答案：D解析：alert(to)vt．警告，使警惕(如：This alerted us to a new danger of aggression．We must alert the nation to the need to solve these problems．)。
warn(of ／against)vt．警告，告诫(句型：warn sb．of／against danger／that there is danger；warm sb．not to+动词原形)。
advise vt．劝告，建议(句型；advise sb．on sth．／to+动词原形/advise that sb．do sth．)。
remind vt.提醒，使想起(句型：remind sb．of sth．／to+动词原形；remind sb．that…)13．The twins are so much ______ that it is difficult to tell one from the other.A．similarB．sameC．likeD．alike正确答案：D解析：alike a.同样的，相像的(只作表语)。
similar(to)a.类似，相似。
same a.相同的，一样的(必须与定冠词连用)。
like a.相像的，相同的(作衷语或定语)。
14．The park was______with people doing all sorts of recreational activities.A．liveB．aliveC．livelyD．vigorous正确答案：B解析：alive(with)a.(常指某个地方充满着人或生物或活动等因而显得)活跃的。
有活力的，充满(生气的)，到处是(如：The streets were alive with people．The lake was alive with fish．The place was alive with music．)。
live a.(一般作定语)活的，有生命的，活生生存在的(不是假想的)。
lively a.活泼的，充满活力的(作表语或定语，后面不跟with)。
vigorous a.有力的，用力的；精力充沛的(表语或定语，修饰人或活动)。
15．The doctor promised that this medicine would ______ the pain in the stomach.(2009年北京航空航天大学考博试题)A．affirmedB．agitatedC．alleviateD．allocate正确答案：C解析：四个选项的意思分别是：affirmed断言，肯定；agitated使激动的，使不安的；alleviate减轻，使(痛苦，疾病)缓和；allocate分配，拨出。
根据句子意思可知，正确答案是C选项。
如：What good method can alleviate hypoglycemia low blood pressure?(有什么好方法能缓解低血糖低血压?)16．Though this apparatus is expensive, the patient agreed to use it after the operation because it could______ the pain.(2004年武汉大学考博试题) A．assessB．alleviateC．avengeD．affirm正确答案：B解析：本题意为“尽管这种医疗器械很贵，但病人同意手术后使用它，因为它能减轻痛苦”。