基于单片机的智能冰箱温度控制器的设计

基于单片机的智能冰箱温度控制器的设计

摘要

随着生活水平的提高，科技的发展，电冰箱已经成为每个家庭必备的家用电器。同时，随着人们的不同需求，电冰箱的样式在多样化，功能也在智能化，给人们的生活带来了很多方便。

本文首先介绍了电冰箱的国内外发展情况，其次对设计的硬件部分和软件部分进行详细的描述。电冰箱温度控制系统是利用温度传感器DS18B20采集电冰箱冷藏室和冷冻室的温度以及蒸发器表面温度。通过INTEl公司的高效微控制器MCS-51单片机进行数字信号处理，从而达到智能控制的目的。本系统可实现电冰箱冷藏室和冷冻室的温度设置、电冰箱自动除霜、开门报警等功能。

通过对直冷式电冰箱制冷系统的改进和采用模糊控制技术，实现了电冰箱的双温双控，使电冰箱能根据使用条件的变化迅速合理地调节制冷量，且节能效果良好。

关键词：电冰箱，单片机，温度传感器，温度控制

DESIGN OF THE INTELLIGENT REFRIGERATOR TEMPERATURE CONTROLLER BASED ON

MICROCONTROLLER UNIT

ABSTRACT

With the improvement of living standards, technological development, refrigerators have become an essential household appliances .At the same time , as people’s different needs and refrigerators in the diversity of style, functionality is also intelligent, it has brought a lot of convenience to people’s life.

This paper describes the development of the temperature controller ,followed by the design of hardware and software parts described in detail.The electric refrigerator temperature control system is uses the temperature sensor DS18B20 gathering electric refrigerator cold-storageroom and the freezing room temperature with cvaporating surface temperature monolithic integrated circuit carries on the digital signal processing through INTEL corporation's highly effective micro controller MCS-C51,thus achieves the intelligent control the goal.This system may realize the electric refrigerator cold-storageroom and the freezing room temperature establishment,the electric refrigerator automatically defrosts,opens the gate to report to the police and so on the function .

By improving the refrigerating system of refrigerator and applying the vague-control technology the goal of double-temperature double-control has been realized;it makes possible for the refrigerator to regulate the amount of cold air in a speedy and rational way. Thus,power saving is available.

KEY WORDS: The temperature sensor ，The one-chip computer，The electric refrigerator,Temperature control

目录

前言 (1)

第1章绪论 (1)

1.1温度控制器的发展状况 (2)

1.2课题研究必要性 (2)

1.3现代控制系统相对传统控制系统的优势 (3)

1.4课题设计特点和应用领域 (4)

1.5智能温度控制器的课题主要内容 (4)

第2章智能冰箱控制器系统硬件设计 (6)

2.1系统的硬件设计方案 (6)

2.2高效微控制器MCS-51 (7)

2.2.1 MCS-51单片机 (7)

2.2.2 MCS-51系列单片机引脚介绍 (8)

2.2.3 MCS-51单片机的复位方式和复位电路 (11)

2.3数字温度传感器DS18B20 (13)

2.3.1 DS18B20简介 (13)

2.3.2 DS18B20的测温原理 (15)

2.3.3 DS18B20的操作指令 (16)

2.3.4 DS18B20接线说明 (19)

2.4部分硬件电路 (19)

2.4.1显示电路 (19)

2.4.2键盘电路 (21)

2.4.3时钟振荡电路 (21)

2.4.4报警电路 (22)

2.4.5过欠电压检测电路 (23)

第3章系统的软件设计 (23)

3.1主程序 (24)

3.2初始化子程序 (24)

3.3 定时器T0中断程序 (25)

3.4 T1中断服务程序 (27)