初中英语倒装句

初中英语倒装句

一．概念

英语句子通常有两种语序：一种主语在前，谓语在后，称为自然语序；另一种谓语在前，主语在后，称为倒装语序。

二．相关知识点精讲

按“主语+谓语”这种顺序排列的句子是陈述语序。如果排列顺序变为“谓语（或谓语一部分）+主语”，就是倒装。倒装句分为：完全倒装和部分倒装。完全倒装：整个谓语移至主语前面叫完全倒装。

部分倒装：只把助动词、系动词或情态动词放在主语之前叫部分倒装。

三．完全倒装

1. 当以there , here , out , in , up , down , away , now , then , just 等副词开头的句子，为了起到强调的作用，可构成倒装句，只把副词放在句首，主语和谓语位置调换，不加助动词。

Our teacher came .

In came the teacher .

这种倒装要求：主语必须是名词，主语是人称代词时，主语和谓语语序不变，也就是用正常语序。

Here you are .

Away he went .

比较：

The tiger went away .

Away went the tiger .

Away it went .

这类倒装句式只用一般现在时和一般过去时。

Here comes the bus .

Out rushed the children .

2. 表示地点状语的介词短语放在句首，要用倒装句式。

In front of the building stand two trees .

Under the chair is a ball .

3. there 放在句首时，要用倒装句式。

在“there be”结构中的谓语动词有时不用be , 而用表示类似“存在”观念的其他不及物动词。如：live , stand , come , lie , flow , enter , rise 和appear等。There lies a large rice field in the front of the house .

Many years ago there lived an old woman in the wooden house .

There came shouts for help from the river .

四．部分倒装

1. so / neither / nor + 助动词/ 情态动词/ 系动词+ 主语

表示两人的情况一样，只能表示一件事，即上、下句所使用的动词、时态要一致。

Lucy can swim . So can I .

Miss Green has been to Shanghai . So have I .

Mike does not study hard . Neither does Tom .

注意：

⑴. so / neither / nor后的助动词/ 情态动词/ 系动词在时态上和前面的句子动词时态一致，在人称上和后面句子的主语一致。

⑵. 当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意

为“的确如此”。

Lily can ride a bike . So she can .

It is raining hard . So it is .

2. not only…but also连接两个词或短语时，不用倒装；连接句子时，前面的句子要用倒装。

Not only is he busy , but also I have a lot of work to do .

Not only does Miss Li speak English very well , but also she speaks French well .

3. only修饰状语（副词、介词短语或状语从句）放在句首时，要用倒装。

Only + 状语+ be / 助动词/ 情态动词+ 主语及其他

Only when he told me the news did I know what had happened .

Only in this way can you make progress in your English .

Only then did he realize he was wrong .

Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need .

注意：

only修饰主语时，语序不变。

Only Jim can do it .

4. however是连接副词，作“不管。。。。。。如何。。。。。。”“无论。。。。。。多么。。。。。。”解，它所引导的让步状语从句的结构是：however + 副词/ 形容词+ 主语+ 谓语+ 主句。

However loudly you shout , you will not be heard .

However hard he tries , he won’t be able to win the top place .

However cold it is , she always goes swimming .

5. 在May开头的表示祝愿的局子里。

May you have a good journey !

May you be happy .

注意：

⑴.不可说May you happy .情态动词后必须加动词原形。

⑵. you是主语。