英语作业-论文引言特点总结
英文科技论文的写作格式与特点
3、正文的写法
正文是一篇论文的主体部分。作者在正文 中根据内容的需要采用各种行文展开论述，或论证某一 命题、观点、定理、假设，或描述某一实验方法、过程、 结果，或说明某种事物的特点、功能、规律等。
一般来说，一篇较短的论文，摘要不超过 全文的3%可能是比较恰当的。
1.4 写摘要的注意事项
1、规范 2、精练 3、具体 4、完整 5、全面
（1）规范
摘要虽然通常摆在正文前面， 但往往是在最后写作。
写摘要应使用正规英语、标准 术语，避免使用缩写字。
最好用第三人称，避免把各种时 态混在一起使用，也避免把陈述式和命令 式混合使用。
1、英文科技文摘的写法
科技摘要 （Science Abstract）也叫科技文摘。
一般分为两类： 摘要（ Abstract ） 概要（Summary）
摘要
概要
一般很短，少则三五行，多 长一些，一般为一长段，有 则十几行，且多为一段； 时为数段；
向读者介绍论文或报告的研 向读者介绍论文或报告的内 究主题、论点及其主要方面， 容。 但不涉及具体内容。
（3）具体
摘要的每个论点都要具体鲜 明。一般不笼统地讲论文“与什么有 关”，而直接讲论文“说明什么”。
（4）完整
摘要本身要完整。 有些读者是利用摘要杂志或 索引卡片进行研究工作的，很可能得不 到全篇论文，因此要注意不要引用论文 某节或某张插图来代替说明。
（5）全面
不要过于简单地只把论文标 题加以扩展，使读者无法得到全文梗概， 了解论文的创新性点。
（3）标题中不要使用缩略语、化学分子式、专利商标名称、 行话、罕见的或过时的术语。
英语学术写作的特点
英语学术写作的特点英语学术写作是英语语言和学术研究的结合，它具有一些独特的特点，这些特点主要表现在严谨性、客观性、规范性、逻辑性和创新性等方面。
1.严谨性英语学术写作的严谨性主要体现在对事实的准确描述和对论点的有力论证上。
在撰写学术论文时，作者必须尽可能地使用精确的语言，避免使用主观臆断或模糊不清的表述。
同时，对于研究方法和结果的描述也必须详尽、真实、可靠，以确保读者可以准确地理解研究过程和结果。
2.客观性英语学术写作的客观性要求作者在撰写论文时保持中立、公正的态度，不偏袒任何一方。
无论是阐述研究结果、提出假设还是进行论证，作者都应该尽可能地避免使用主观色彩强烈的词语或表达方式。
此外，作者还应该尽可能地引用其他权威的研究成果和数据，以增强论文的可信度和说服力。
3.规范性英语学术写作的规范性主要表现在对文献引用的格式要求上。
在撰写学术论文时，作者必须遵循相应的文献引用格式规范，如APA、MLA等，以便让读者能够准确地查找和参考相关文献。
此外，对于图表、公式等辅助性材料的标注也必须规范、清晰，以便读者能够更好地理解和分析论文内容。
4.逻辑性英语学术写作的逻辑性主要表现在论文的结构和论证过程中。
一篇好的学术论文应该具有清晰的逻辑结构，包括引言、主体、结论等部分，并且各个部分之间应该具有严密的逻辑关系。
在论证过程中，作者应该尽可能地使用客观、真实的数据和研究结果作为支撑，并且要注意论据和论点之间的逻辑关系，避免出现跳跃或漏洞。
5.创新性英语学术写作的创新性主要表现在对新知识、新技术、新思想的探索和研究上。
在撰写学术论文时，作者应该尽可能地提出新的观点、新的方法或者新的数据，以推动学科的发展和进步。
同时，作者还应该尽可能地引用最新的研究成果和数据，以便让读者了解最新的研究动态和发展趋势。
总之，英语学术写作具有严谨性、客观性、规范性、逻辑性和创新性等特点，这些特点使得学术论文更具说服力和可信度，同时也能够帮助读者更好地理解和掌握相关知识。
英文论文总结范文
Introduction:In recent years, technology has become an integral part of our lives, transforming various sectors, including education. The integration of technology in the educational field has led to significant changes in teaching methods, learning experiences, and overall academic performance. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of the impact of technology on education, discussing its advantages, challenges, andfuture prospects.Advantages of Technology in Education:1. Enhanced Learning Experience:Technology has revolutionized the way students learn. With the use of interactive multimedia tools, such as videos, simulations, and virtual reality, students can engage with the subject matter more effectively. This active learning approach fosters better understanding and retention of information.2. Access to a Wealth of Resources:The internet has made a vast array of educational resources readily available to students and teachers. Online libraries, educational websites, and e-books provide access to a wide range of materials, enabling students to explore various topics beyond the limitations of traditional textbooks.3. Personalized Learning:Technology allows for personalized learning experiences. Adaptive learning platforms can tailor the learning content and pace toindividual student needs, ensuring that each student receives the appropriate level of support and challenge.4. Collaboration and Communication:Technology facilitates collaboration among students and teachers, regardless of geographical barriers. Online discussion forums, videoconferencing, and collaborative tools enable students to work together on projects, enhancing their teamwork and communication skills.Challenges of Technology in Education:1. Digital Divide:The digital divide refers to the gap between individuals with and without access to digital technology. This disparity can hinder educational opportunities for underprivileged students, as they may not have access to the necessary devices and internet connectivity.2. Overreliance on Technology:An excessive reliance on technology can lead to reduced criticalthinking and problem-solving skills. Students may become dependent on digital tools for answers, rather than developing their own analytical abilities.3. Privacy and Security Concerns:The use of technology in education raises concerns about data privacy and security. Schools must ensure that students' personal information is protected from unauthorized access and misuse.Future Prospects:1. Integration of Artificial Intelligence:The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in education holds great potential. AI-powered tools can provide personalized learning experiences, automate administrative tasks, and assist teachers in identifying struggling students.2. Expansion of Online Education:The global pandemic has accelerated the adoption of online education. As technology continues to advance, online learning platforms are expected to become more sophisticated, offering a wider range of courses and interactive experiences.3. Teacher Training and Professional Development:To fully leverage technology in education, teachers need to be well-trained and up-to-date with the latest tools and methodologies. Continuous professional development programs are crucial to ensure that educators can effectively integrate technology into their teaching practices.Conclusion:The impact of technology on education is undeniable. While it offers numerous advantages, such as enhanced learning experiences, personalized learning, and improved collaboration, it also presents challengesrelated to the digital divide, overreliance on technology, and privacy concerns. To harness the full potential of technology in education, itis essential to address these challenges and invest in teacher training, infrastructure, and policies that promote equitable access to digital resources. As technology continues to evolve, the future of education looks promising, with innovative tools and methodologies shaping the way students learn and succeed.。
英语论文引言的写作
引言的写作技巧学术论文中的引言(Introduction)是对全文内容和结构的总体勾画。
引言尽管不像摘要那样有一定的篇幅限制和相对固定的格式，但在内容和结构模式上也有需要遵循的规律。
本章首先介绍这些规律，然后探讨需要掌握的语言技巧。
1 引言的内容与结构布局引言的主要任务是向读者勾勒出全文的基本内容和轮廓。
它可以包括以下五项内容中的全部或其中几项：介绍某研究领域的背景、意义、发展状况、目前的水平等;对相关领域的文献进行回顾和综述，包括前人的研究成果，已经解决的问题，并适当加以评价或比较；（此部分可以单独成章作为论文第二部分）指出前人尚未解决的问题，留下的技术空白，也可以提出新问题、解决这些新问题的新方法、新思路，从而引出自己研究课题的动机与意义；说明自己研究课题的目的；概括论文的主要内容，或勾勒其大体轮廓。
如何合理安排以上这些内容，将它们有条有理地给读者描绘清楚，并非容易之事。
经验告诉我们，引言其实是全文最难写的—部分。
这是因为作者对有关学科领域的熟悉程度，作者的知识是渊博、还是贫乏，研究的意义何在、价值如何等问题，都在引言的字里行间得以充分体现。
我们可以将引言的内容分为三到四个层次来安排(如图8.1所示)。
第一层由研究背景、意义、发展状况等内容组成，其中还包括某一研究领域的文献综述（此部分可以单独成章作为论文第二部分）；第二层提出目前尚未解决的问题或急需解决的问题，从而引出自己的研究动机与意义；第三层说明自己研究的具体目的与内容；最后是引言的结尾，可以介绍一下论文的组成部分。
引言的结构布局之一值得注意的是，引言中各个层次所占的篇幅可以有很大差别。
这一点与摘要大不一样，摘要中的目的、方法、结果、结论四项内容各自所占的篇幅大体比例一样。
而在引言中，第一个层次往往占去大部分篇幅。
对研究背景和目前的研究状况进行较为详细的介绍。
研究目的可能会比较简短。
引言与摘要还有一点不同的是，摘要中必须把主要研究结果列出，而在引言中(如果摘要与正文一同登出)结果则可以省略不写，这是因为正文中专门有一节写结果(results)，不必在引言中重复。
介绍类英语作文特点
介绍类英语作文特点篇 1Introduction essays in English have distinct features that contribute to their clarity and logicality. Typically, they follow a clear structure, often adopting a "begin with the general, elaborate in the middle, and summarize at the end" pattern. For instance, when introducing an animal, the beginning would offer an overall description of its key characteristics. The middle part would then provide detailed explanations, perhaps covering aspects such as its appearance and habits. Take the panda for example. At the start, it could be stated that pandas are beloved and unique animals. Then, in the detailed section, one could describe their black and white fur, round faces, and cute mannerisms. Their eating habits, like their preference for bamboo, could also be elaborated. Finally, at the conclusion, a summary could be made emphasizing the importance of protecting these precious creatures and their significance in the ecosystem. Such a structure ensures that the readers can easily follow the flow of information and gain a comprehensive understanding of the subject matter. By adhering to this organized approach, introduction essays can effectively convey knowledge and make a lasting impression on the audience.篇 2Introduction essays in English have distinct characteristics, especially in terms of language usage. Their main purpose is to provide clear and accurate information to the readers. For instance, when introducing a place, precise positional words and descriptive adjectives are employed. This helps to create a vivid image in the readers' minds.Take the description of a city as an example. We might say, "The city is located inthe southern part of the country, surrounded by lush mountains and a clear river flowing through the center." Here, "located in", "surrounded by", and "flowing through" are accurate positional expressions. And words like "lush" and "clear" enhance the description of the environment.The language in introduction essays is typically formal and objective. Sentence structures are often complex and diverse to convey detailed and comprehensive information. Moreover, the use of proper tenses and grammar is crucial to ensure the accuracy and clarity of the presentation.In conclusion, the规范性and准确性of language in introduction essays play a vital role in achieving the goal of effectively introducing the subject matter to the audience.篇 3Introduction essays in English have distinct characteristics, especially in terms of content selection. They aim to provide a detailed and comprehensive account of the subject matter. Take the example of introducing a famous person. Such an essay would not only cover their life story, including where and when they were born, their upbringing and educational background, but also delve deep into their achievements. It might describe the awards they have received, the significant projects they have completed, or the innovative ideas they have brought to their field. Moreover, the essay would emphasize the person's contribution to society. It could explain how their work has influenced others, improved lives, or made a positive impact on the community or the world at large. The purpose of this comprehensive coverage is to give the reader a holistic understanding of the individual and their significance. By presenting such targeted and all-encompassing information, the introduction essay helps the reader form a clear and complete picture of the subject being introduced.篇 4When it comes to introduction-type English essays, one of the remarkable features is the objectivity and neutrality in expressing viewpoints. Take the example of introducing a new electronic product. In such an essay, we need to present both the strengths and weaknesses in a balanced way. For instance, if it's a new smartphone, we might start by highlighting its excellent camera quality, which can capture sharp and vivid images even in low light conditions. The processing speed could be another strong point, allowing users to run multiple apps smoothly without any lag. However, we also need to mention potential drawbacks. Maybe the battery life is not as long as expected, or the design might be a bit bulky and less ergonomic. By presenting both aspects, we provide a comprehensive and fair assessment for the readers. This way, they can make informed decisions based on our introduction. The key is to avoid being overly biased or subjective, but rather offer a clear and impartial account of the subject matter.篇 5Introducing-type English compositions play a crucial role in captivating readers' attention. The primary aim of such compositions is to provide clear and detailed information about a particular subject, making it accessible and interesting to the audience. One effective technique is to create suspense. For instance, when introducing a fascinating book, one could start by hinting at a mysterious event or a hidden secret within the story. This builds anticipation and urges the readers to delve deeper. Another approach is to quote exciting snippets or key dialogues from the book. By presenting these enticing excerpts, readers get a taste of the captivating language and engaging plot, which sparks their curiosity. A well-structured introduction that poses thought-provoking questions or presents unexpected facts also works wonders. It makes the readers eager to discover the answers and learn more about the topic at hand. To sum up, the art of attracting readers inintroducing-type English essays lies in these skillful methods that pique their interest and draw them into the world being presented.。
英文论文总结怎么写
英文论文总结怎么写英文论文总结怎么写英文论文总结怎么写1摘要的写作技巧英文摘要(Abstract)的写作应用很广。
不仅参加国际学术会议、向国际学术刊物投稿要写摘要，国内级别较高的学术期刊也要求附上英文摘要。
学位论文更是如此。
论文摘要是全文的精华，是对一项科学研究工作的总结，对研究目的、方法和研究结果的概括。
本章主要介绍摘要的组成部分、写作方法、各部分的语言特点以及典型句型。
1.摘要的种类与特点摘要主要有以下四种。
第一种是随同论文一起在学术刊物上发表的摘要。
这种摘要置于主体部分之前，目的是让读者首先了解一下论文的内容，以便决定是否阅读全文。
一般来说，这种摘要在全文完成之后写。
字数限制在100～150字之间。
内容包括研究目的、研究方法、研究结果和主要结论。
第二种是学术会议论文摘要。
会议论文摘要往往在会议召开之前几个月撰写，目的是交给会议论文评审委员会评阅，从而决定是否能够录用。
所以，比第一种略为详细，长度在200—300字之间。
会议论文摘要的开头有必要简单介绍一下研究课题的意义、目的、宗旨等。
如果在写摘要时，研究工作尚未完成，全部研究结果还未得到，那么，应在方法、目的、宗旨、假设等方面多花笔墨。
第三种为学位论文摘要。
学士、硕士和博士论文摘要一般都要求用中、英文两种语言写。
学位论文摘要一般在400字左右，根据需要可以分为几个段落。
内容一般包括研究背景、意义、主旨和目的；基本理论依据，基本假设;研究方法；研究结果;主要创新点;简短讨论。
不同级别的学位论文摘要，要突出不同程度的创新之处，指出有何新的观点、见解或解决问题的新方法。
第四种是脱离原文而独立发表的摘要。
这种摘要更应该具有独立性、自含性、完整性。
读者无需阅读全文，便可以了解全文的主要内容。
以上四种摘要具有许多共性。
无论哪种摘要，内容一般都包括：(1)目的(objectives，purposes)：包括研究背景、范围、内容、要解决的问题及解决这一问题的重要性和意义。
英语论文总结模板doc
英语论文总结模板篇一：英语总结模版,英语课文总结模版,英语文章总结范文Original:Why do some animals die out?In the past two hundred years people have caused many kinds of animals to die out--to become extinct. People keep building houses and factories in fields and woods. As they spread over the land, they destroy animals' homes. If the animals can't find a place to live, they die out. Sixteen kinds of Hawaiian birds have become extinct for this reason. Other animals, such as the Florida Key deer, may soon die out because they are losing their homes. Hunters have caused some animals to become extinct, too. In the last century, hunters killed all the passenger pigeons in North America and most of the buffalo.Today they are fast killing off hawks and wolves. Pollution is killing many animals today, too. As rivers become polluted, fish are poisoned. Many die. Birds that eat the poisoned fish can't lay strong, healthy eggs. New birds aren’t born. So far, no animals have become extinct because of pollution. But some, such asthe bald eagle and the brown pelican, have become rare and may die out.Scientists think that some animals become extinct because of changes in climate. The places where they live become hotter or cooler, drier or wetter. The food that they eat cannot grow there any more. If the animals can't learn to eat something else, they die. Dinosaurs may have died out for this reason.Summary:Model 1:In this passage/article, the author mainly（主要地） talks about/tells us / This article/ passage mainly tells us why in the past two hundred years, many kinds of animals have died out. Overall（总体上来说）, there are several reasons for it. First, people keep building houses and factories in fields and woods, which destroys animals' homes. Second/Secondly, hunters' killing has also caused some animals to become extinct. Besides, some animals aren't able to bear strong offspring and nor do they have enough food to eat because of pollution and climatic changes. In a word, people’s keeping building houses and factories in fields and woods, hunters' killing and pollution and climatic changes are the reasons which caused many kinds of animals to die out--to become extinct.Model 2:This paper deals with (论述)/ This article focuses on the topics of / This paper provides an analysis（分析） of / This paper expresses（表达） views on the reason why in the past two hundred years, many kinds of animals have died out. On the whole(总体上来说), there are several reasons for it. To begin with（首先）, people keep building houses and factories in fields and woods, which destroys animals' homes. Furthermore（其次）, it is hunters' killing that has also caused some animals to become extinct. In addition（另外）, owing to pollution and climatic changes, neither do some animals can bear strong offspring nor they can have enough food to eat. In summary（总而言之）, people’s keeping building houses and factories in fields and woods, hunters' killing and pollution and climatic changes are the reasons which caused many kinds of animals to die out--to become extinct.Model 3:(The writer of this essay) tries to explore（探讨） / (The writer of) this paper discusses（讨论）/analyzes（分析）/elaborates（阐述） why in the past two hundred years, many kinds of animals have died out. There are several reasons for it. Overall, there are several reasons for it. First of all, people keep building houses and factories in fields and woods, which destroys animals' homes. What’s more/ moreover, hunters' killing has caused some animals to become extinct as well. Last but not least, because of pollution and climatic changes, some animals aren't able to bear strong offspring and nor do they have enough food to eat. To conclude, people’s keeping building houses and factories in fields and woods, hunters' killing and pollution and climatic changes are the reasons which caused many kinds of animals to die out--to become extinct.注：开头总述可用的模版：? In this passage/article, the author mainly talks about/tells us/ This article/ passage mainly tellsus….? This paper deals with / This article focuses on the topics of / This paper provides an analysis of / This paper expresses views on….? (The writer of this essay) tries to explore / (The writer of) this paper discusses/analyzes/elaborates….? Overall/on the whole:总体上来说中间分述可用的模版：? 首先：first, to begin with, first of all? 其次：second, secondly, furthermore, what’s more, moreover? 再次，此外：besides, in addition最后但同样重要的：last but not least最后总结可用的模版：in a word/ in brief/ in short/in summary/ in conclusion, to sum up/ to conclude：总之,简言之作者最后的结论和建议可用模版：? The author suggests（建议）/recommends（建议）/concludes（下结论)that……. ? It is suggested（建议） that…….? The author's suggestion（建议）/conclusion（结论）is that ……? The author finds it necessary（必要的）/essential(必要的) to …….篇二：英文论文报告格式-汇总篇Report titleUnit Code and Unit NameDeclarationI hereby declare that this submission is my own work and that, to the best of my knowledge and belief, it contains no material previously published or written by another person or material which has to a substantial extent been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma at any university or other institute of higher learning, except where due acknowledgment has been made in the text.原创性声明兹呈交的论文，是本人在导师指导下独立完成的研究成果，在论文写作过程中参考的其他个人或集体的研究成果均在文中以明确方式标明，本人依法享有和承担由此论文而产生的权利和责任。
如何写好英语论述文的引言
如何写好英语论述文的引言
引言是一篇英语论述文的开端，也是读者第一次接触到文章内容的部分。
因此，写好引言非常重要。
一个好的引言不仅能够吸引读者的注意力，还能够提供文章的背景和目的，为后续内容的展开打下基础。
本文将介绍如何写好英语论述文的引言。
一、明确主题
写好引言的第一步是明确主题。
引言应该与文章的主题紧密相关，同时也应该体现出文章的独特性和重要性。
在写引言之前，作者应该对所要论述的主题进行深入研究和思考，确保自己对该主题有充分的理解和掌握。
二、引入背景
引言的第二个重要部分是引入背景。
这一部分主要是为读者提供文章的背景信息，让读者了解到文章所讨论的问题的重要性和紧迫性。
引入背景应该简明扼要，切勿过于冗长，避免过多的细节和背景信息。
三、提出问题
引言的第三个重要部分是提出问题。
在引入背景之后，作者应该提出具体的问题或疑问，引导读者进入文章的主题。
问题应该与文章的主题紧密相关，同时也应该具有一定的引导性，让读者对该问题产生兴趣和思考。
四、阐明目的
引言的最后一个重要部分是阐明目的。
在提出问题之后，作者应该明确阐明自己的研究目的和意图，让读者了解到文章的目标和重点。
同时，阐明目的也有助于为后续内容的展开打下基础，让读者更好地理解和把握文章的主题和内容。
总之，写好英语论述文的引言需要明确主题，引入背景，提出问题和阐明目的。
一个好的引言能够吸引读者的注意力，为后续内容的展开打下基础，让读者更好地理解和把握文章的主题和内容。
因此，作者应该认真思考和准备引言，确保其质量和效果。
英语论文结论部分写作特点总结
英语论文结论部分写作特点总结第一篇：英语论文结论部分写作特点总结英语论文写作论文结论部分（Conclusion）写作特点总结ConclusionConclusion是作者对所研究课题进行的总体性讨论，具有严密的科学性和客观性，反映本研究课题的价值，同时对以后的研究具有指导意义。
Conclusion与Introduction遥相呼应，因为Introduction部分介绍了本课题的研究目的，那么Conclusion要告诉读者这些目的是否达到，在研究中做了哪些工作，取得了什么结果，这些结果说明了什么问题，有何价值和意义，研究过程中存在或发现了哪些问题，原因是什么，建议如何解决等。
Conclusion的具体内容通常包含以下几个部分：(1)概括说明本课题的研究内容、结果及其意义与价值。
(2)比较具体地说明本研究证明了什么假设或理论，得出了什么结论，研究结果有何实用价值，有何创造性成果或见解，解决了什么实际问题，有何应用前景等。
(3)与他人的相关研究进行比较。
(4)本课题的局限性、不足之处，还有哪些尚待解决的问题。
(5)展望前景，或指出进一步研究的方向。
Conclusion通常使用现在时态Result和Conclusion 本次选取5篇文章，第一篇，论文中的主要Result已在第2部分和第三部分中叙述，在Conclusion又重新总结了一下。
第二篇，论文中的主要Result写在 Conclusion中。
第三篇，论文中的主要Result写在第3部分（3.CASE STUDIES AND RESULTS）中，Result和Conclusion是分开的。
第四篇，论文中的主要Result已第4部分的（IV.Results and Discussion）中进行叙述，Result和Conclusion是分开的。
第五篇，论文中的主要Result已第4部分的（4.Results anddiscussion）中进行叙述，Result和Conclusion是分开的。
英文论文引言的写作技巧(上课用)
英文论文引言的写作技巧（上课用）1 引言的内容与结构布局引言的主要任务是向读者勾勒出全文的基本内容和轮廓。
它可以包括以下五项内容中的全部或其中几项：1）介绍某研究领域的背景、意义、发展状况、目前的水平等；2）对相关领域的文献进行回顾和综述，包括前人的研究成果，已经解决的问题，并适当加以评价或比较；3）指出前人尚未解决的问题，留下的技术空白，也可以提出新问题、解决这些新问题的新方法、新思路，从而引出自己研究课题的动机与意义；4）说明自己研究课题的目的；5）概括论文的主要内容，或勾勒其大体轮廓。
我们可以将引言的内容分为三到四个层次来安排(如图所示)。
第一层：1) Introducing the general research area including its background, importance, and present level of development……………2) Reviewing previous research in this area…………………第二层： Indicating the problem that has not been solved by previous research, raising a relevant question……………………第三层：Specifying the purpose of your research………………第四层：1) Announcing your major findings ……2) Outlining the contents of your paper ……比较简短的论文，引言也可以相对比较简短。
第一层: Introducing the importance of the research area and reviewing previous Research…………………第二层: Indicating the problem that has not been solved by previous research, raising a relevant question……………第三层: Specifying the purpose of your research………………………2 如何写引言的开头引言开头(即第一层)最主要目的是告诉读者论文所涉及的研究领域及其意义是什么，研究要解决什么问题，目前状况或水平如何。
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Characteristic of Introductions
Introduction is an important part in an academic paper. It provides readers with
the background of the research and tells readers why the research is significant.
When preparing an academic paper, it is important to pay enough attention in this
part.
Generally, four moves should be included in an introduction. First of all, we
should establish the field. It usually begins with the sentences such as “There is
presently great scientific and commercial interest in …”, “In recent years, … has
received considerable attention”, “Nowadays, … is more and more important” and so
on. These sentences indicate the readers that some work will be done in this field.
Secondly, some previous research that is relevant to this field should be
introduced. This can be started with sentences such as “Numerous studies on … have
been conducted”. Then, some citations should be included and brief introductions of
these studies should be provided. Some sentences such “The first observation of …
was made by …”, “… first reported that …”, “Recently, … has proposed …” will be
useful here. It is advisable to do a well-rounded summary of the most related and
important work in this part. Otherwise, the reviewers will think that the authors have
not done a sufficient investigation of this filed.
Thirdly, we should define a research problem. Some typical words such as
“However, it remains still unclear whether…”, “Unfortunately, these studies failed
to …” can usually be found in this part. Remember not to excessively evaluate the
previous work by using the sentences such “The deficiency of Wang’s approach
is …..”, “The problem of these papers…”.
Finally, a solution of this problem should be proposed in the end of introduction.
A most typical words used in this step is “This paper… ”. A brief introduction of the
method used in the paper should be included. If the result of this research is very
important, an emphasis of the result can also be added in this part.
Introductions for overview papers have some differences. They often lay more
emphasis on the background and the significance of the research. Usually, the
structure of the paper will be presented at the end of the introduction.