同等学力英语语法专项复习虚拟语气
2013年同等学力英语语法专项复习：虚拟语气
一、总述
虚拟语气（subjunctive mood ）用来表示说话人的愿望、请求、意图、建议、怀疑、设想等未能或不可能成为事实的情况，以及在说话人看来实现可能性很小的情况。由于虚拟语气是动词的一种特殊表现形式，因而动词的变化形式体现出虚拟语气所包含的不同含义。虚拟语气用于非真实条件句时的构成如下表所述：
二、重要考点
1. 在非真实条件句中，有时从句的动词所表示的动作和主句的动词所表示的动作并不同时发生，这样的条件句中使用的虚拟式称为混合虚拟式。其构成视具体情况而定。例如：
If I had taken my raincoat when I came out this morning, I would not be wet now.
If I were you, I wouldn’t have missed the film last night.
2. 引导非真实条件从句的连词if 在正式文体中有时可以省去, were、had、should 等非行为动词这时应提到从句句首。
例如：
If I were you, I wouldn’t feel sorry.
→Were I you, I wouldn’t feel sorry.
3. 有些句子从表层结构上看是无if 引导的非真实条件句，但从深层意思上看if 是存在的。这种情况下主句动词仍需用虚拟式。这类句子中常出现without （如果没有），but for （要不是），otherwise （否则），but that （若不，后接一从句）等词或词组。例如：
But for your help, they couldn’t have succeeded.
She wasn’t feeling well. Otherwise，she wouldn’t have left the meeting so early.
4. 在It is + 形容词 + that 从句的句型中，that 引导的主语从句中的谓语动词采用should + 动词原形形式，其中should 常省略。可用于此句型的形容词还有：absurd, advisable, better, best, desirable, (un)fair, fortunate, good, imperative, important, incredible, just, natural, (un) necessary, odd, pleasant, possible, preferable, right, ridiculous, sad, silly, unusual, urgent, vital, wrong 等，表示必要、应该、建议、要求、惊讶、不相信等含义。例如：
It’s necessary that we (should) set out at once.
It’s proposed that a committee (should) be set up to look into the matter.
5. 具有“提议、建议、请求、命令”等含义的动词所带的从句（包括宾语从句和主语从句）中，谓语动词用should + 动
词原形形式。美国英语多用动词原形，英国英语多用should + 动词原形。有相同用法的动词还有：ask, advise, agree, arrange, beg, command, decide, demand, desire, determine, direct, instruct, insist, intend, maintain, move, order, persuade, pray, propose, recommend, request, require, stipulate, suggest, tell, urge。如：
I suggest that we (should) go camping tomorrow. He insisted that our laboratory reports (should) be handed in
the day after the experiment was done.
应当注意的是，当suggest、insist 等词不再表示“建议”或“坚持要求”的含义时，其后面的从句不再用虚拟语气。例如：
His look suggested that he wasn’t telling the truth.
He insisted that he was right.
6. 虚拟式可用于wish 后的宾语从句中，表示与事实相反的愿望。其表达形式一般是将谓语动词提前一个时态。例如：
I wish I had been to the concert last night.
I wish he would forgive me.
7. It’s (high, about) time that…的句型要求用虚拟式，表示应该做还没有做的事。其表达形式一般是谓语动词使用过去时态。例如：
It’s high time that he stopped smoking.
It’s about time that we took our leave.
8. 在I would rather 后的句子中，动词也要求用虚拟式，表示某人的愿望。其表达形式一般是将谓语动词提前一个时态。例如：
I’d rather you left tomorrow instead of today.
I’d rather he hadn’t done anything like that.
9. 在由as if、as though 引导的方式状语从句中，表示和现在事实相反或对现在情况有所怀疑，或表示与主句谓语动词
同时或其后的假设情况时，从句中谓语动词用过去时。表示过去想象中的动作或情况或表示在主句谓语动词所表示时间之前的假设情况，从句用过去完成时。如果表示的情况很可能发生或是事实，则用陈述语气。例如：
She looks as if she knew all about it.
They talked as though they had got acquainted with each other for years.
10. 在if only 引起的感叹句中，用谓语动词的一般过去时表示与现在的事实相反的情况，用过去完成时表示与过去事实
相反的情况。例如：
If only he knew our telephone number!
11. 在lest、for fear that 、in case 等词引导的从句中，谓语动词用should + 动词原形表示虚拟，should 一词也可以省略。例如：
Grown people should never say or do anything wrong before children, lest they (should) set them a bad example.
三、例题
1. If you ______ that late movie last night, you wouldn’t be dozy ( 困倦的) now.
A. haven’t watched
B. didn’t watch
C. hadn’t watched
D. wouldn’t have watched
2. Had I known it, I ______ you.
A. have told
B. and told
C. wouldn’t be told
D. would have told
3. ______ the storm, we should have reached our destination.
A. For but
B. But for
C. In spite of
D. In case of
4. She insisted that what she had done ______ right.
A. was
B. is
C. be
D. had been
5. I wish you ______ me yesterday.
A. tell
B. could tell
C. would tell
D. had told
6. ______ it left to me to decide, I would not hesitate to prefer the latter.
A. If
B. Were
C. Had
D. Should
7. It is important that you ______ to the dean before leaving for you vacation.
A. speak
B. spoken
C. have
D. speaks
8. It’s about time people ______ notice of what women did during the war.
A. took
B. take
C. have taken
D. will take
9. He talks as if he ______ the incident.
A. had witnessed
B. witnessed
C. witness
D. have witnessed
10. The boss asked that the letter ______ immediately.
A. be typed
B. typed
C. witness
D. being typed
11. Don’t you think it is time that you ______ smoking?
A. give up
B. would give up
C. gave up
D. must give up
12. Without computer, we ______ the tremendous medical advancement in the last few decades.
A. would not make
B. will not have made
C. could not make
D. couldn’t have made
13. ______ for your laziness, you could have finished the assignment by now.
A. Had it not been
B. Weren’t it
C. It were not
D. Had not it been
14. I’d have come with you ______ I am so busy.
A. except for
B. provided that
C. but that
D. so long as
15. It is strange that such a thing ______ in your company.
A. will happen
B. happens
C. happened
D. should happen
16. It’s essential that these application forms ______ back as early as possible.
A. must be sent
B. will be sent
C. are sent
D. be sent
17. We move that he ______ for his serious mistake.
A. will be discharged
B. be discharged
C. is discharged
D. must be discharged
18. It was arranged that they ______ the following week.
A. leave
B. must leave
C. will leave
D. shall leave
19. He made the suggestion that a deadline ______ for handing in the plan.
A. be set
B. must be set
C. is set
D. will be set
20. I wish I ______ to see the film last night.
A. went
B. will go
C. should go
D. had gone
21. The manager would rather his daughter ______ in the same office.
A. hadn’t worked
B. not to work
C. doesn’t work
D. didn’t work
22. He feels as if he alone ______ responsible for the traffic accident.
A. should be
B. is
C. were
D. would be
23. It’s about time that we ______ our old concept.
A. changed
B. would change
C. will change
D. shall change
24. ______, he wouldn’t have left.
A. If he wasn’t given the cold shoulder
B. If he had not been given the cold shoulder
C. If he were to be given the cold shoulder
D. If he should given the cold shoulder
25. ______, he would be rich now.
A. If he were to take my advice
B. If he took my advice
C. Had he taken my advice
D. Should she take my advice
26. But for his help, I ______.
A. wouldn’t have passed the driving test
B. wouldn’t pass the driving test
C. didn’t pass the driving test
D. won’t pass the driving test
27. I don’t know his address; ______.
A. otherwise I will write to him
B. otherwise I would write to him
C. otherwise I had written to him
D. otherwise I would have written to him
四、例题解析
1. 答案：C
解析：此题考混合虚拟式。本题中if 从句是与过去事实相反的假设。而主句内容与现在事实相反，因此if 从句中的动词用过去完成式。
2. 答案：D
解析：非真实条件句省略if 时，从句常常用倒装。做这类题只需判断条件句的时态，再对应主句的时态即可。此处条件句为过去完成时态，主句应该用would + 完成时。
3. 答案：B
解析：but for 意思上相当于一个if 引导的虚拟条件句If it had not been for，作“若不是，要不是”解，谓语动词应该用虚拟式。
4. 答案：A
解析：insist 在这里作“坚持认为”解，因此不采用虚拟式，而应用陈述语气，即A。D 项选择的意思是“她曾经是对的”，与题意相矛盾。
5. 答案：D
解析：wish 后的宾语从句如表示某种与事实相反的愿望，一般用虚拟式。句中表示的愿望与过去事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去完成式。
6. 答案：B
解析：主句的谓语动词为虚拟式，这时就应考虑到前面应为一虚拟条件句，如没有if，就应考虑到if 省略、从句部分倒装的情况。本题如果选择if，句子中由于没有助动词be，所以不构成正确的被动语态形式。
7. 答案：A
解析：本题考虚拟式在主语从句中的应用，属于it is + adj. that sb. do sth. 这一句型。
8. 答案：A
解析：It’s about (high) time that…句型中，that 从句一般用虚拟式，用过去时态。
9. 答案：A
解析：as if 或as though 引导的方式状语从句一般用虚拟式。本题中witness（目睹）的动作先于talk 的动作，因此，从句动词用过去完成式。
10. 答案：A
解析：根据题中asked（命令、要求）一词即可推知，从句谓语动词应用虚拟式，即（should）+ 动词原形。
11. 答案：C
解析：It is time that…句型中，that 从句的谓语动词应是虚拟式，即动词的过去式。
12. 答案：D
解析：without 作“如果没有”解，表示一种与事实相反的假设，意思上相当于一个
if 引导的虚拟条件句。这时句中谓语动词应用虚拟式。根据题中in the last few decades 可看出without computer 是与过去事实相反的假设，因此主句应该用：would (should, could, might) + 动词的完成式。
13. 答案：A
解析：题中逗号前应为省略了if 并部分倒装的虚拟条件句，表示与过去事实相反的假设。此处主句用could + 完成时，条件句应为过去完成时态。
14. 答案：C
解析：but that 作“若不??”解，后接一从句，表示一种与事实相反的假设，意思上相当于if 引导的虚拟条件句，这时主句要求用虚拟式。本题句中谓语动词是虚拟式，符合上述要求，因此C 为正确选择。注意but for 和but that 的区别：but for 后接名词，but that 后接从句。
15. 答案：D
解析：此题考虚拟式在主语从句中的使用，属于it is + adj. that sb. do sth. 这一句型。
16. 答案：D
解析：参见上题，属于it is + adj. that sb. do sth. 这一句型。
17. 答案：B
解析：此句中的“move ”意为“提议”。在表示“提议、建议、请求、命令”等意思的动词所带的从句（包括宾语从句和主语从句）中，谓语动词用should + 动词原形形式。
18. 答案：A
解析：因为that 从句前有过去式arranged，故用省略should 的虚拟语气。
19. 答案：A
解析：第五项重要考点所列举的动词派生或转换成的名词，其后带有表语从句或同位语从句时，从句中也同样用should + 动词原形表示虚拟。suggestion 后面的从句中用(should) do (be) 的虚拟形式。
20. 答案：D
解析：在wish 所带的宾语从句中，如果表示与现在事实相反的情况，用过去时谓语动词；如果表示与过去事实相反的情况，用过去完成时谓语动词；如果表示与将来事实相反的情况，用would/should/could/might + 动词原形。本句中last night 暗示与过去事实相反的情况，故用动词的过去完成时表示。
21. 答案：D
解析：在would rather/would sooner + that 从句结构中，that 从句中谓语动词用过去时表示现在或将来的情况，用过去完成时表示过去的情况。
22. 答案：C
解析：本句中有as if 引导的方式状语从句。由于主句时态为现在时，所以从句中谓语动词用过去时。
23. 答案：A
解析：在“It is (about/high) time + that 从句”的句型中，that 从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时表示虚拟语气。
24. 答案：B
解析：既要考虑从句和主句的时态对应规律，也要考虑语态要求。
25. 答案：C
解析：非真实性条件句中，主句与从句在时间概念上是统一的。但在有些情况下会出现时间上的不统一，如从句表明过去的时间概念，而主句则表示现在的时间概念。这种情况被称为“错综句”。此外，从句的引导词if 可以省略，此时if 从句要倒装。本题之所以选择答案C，是出于上述两方面的考虑。
26. 答案：A
解析：在but for 、without 、with 等介词短语表示隐含虚拟的句子中，主句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气。
27. 答案：B
解析：在otherwise 或or 引导的并列分句中用虚拟语气。此时，otherwise 或or 引导的并列句相当于非真实性条件句中的主语部分。本题前一分句暗示了现在的情况，因而在otherwise 引导的分句中谓语动词用would + 动词原形，表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。
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(完整版)高中英语语法填空专题训练和答案
语法填空专项训练 1 Before the 17th century, most of the native English speakers lived in England. After the 17th century, British people began to move to other ___66___ (country). Gradually, English was spoken there. At present ___67___ (many) people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before. ___68___ (luck), native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English. English ___69___ (change) and developed when cultures met and communicated with each other over the past centuries. The English ___70___ (speak) in England between about AD450 and 1150 was very different ___71___ the modern English we speak today. It was the new settlers that enriched the English language and ___72___ (especial) its vocabulary. The English language was settled by the 19th century ___73___ two big changes in English spelling happened. English now is also spoken as a foreign ___74___second language in South Asia. China may have the ___75___ (large) number of English learners. 66.【答案】countries 【解析】考查名词。country是可数名词，此处由other修饰用复数形式，指其他的国家。故填countries. 67. 【答案】more 【解析】考查比较级。根据句中的than ever before可知含有和以前比较的意思，要用比较级表示更多的人，故填more. 68. 【答案】Luckily 【解析】考查副词。此处单独使用作状语要用副词形式，指“幸运的是”，故填Luckily. 69. 【答案】has changed 【解析】考查时态。根据句意和时间状语over the past centuries可知与现在完成时连用，主语是单数，故填has changed. 70. 【答案】spoken 【解析】考查过去分词。English和动词speak是被动关系，此处是过去分词作定语，故填spoken.
高三年级英语语法-虚拟语气全总结
虚拟语气在非真实条件句中 ①错综时间条件句: 当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为错综时间条件句，动词的形式要根据它表示的时间作出相应的调整。如： If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now. If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now. ②if省略句 在条件句中可以省略if, 把were, had, should提到句首，变成倒装句式。否定句时not留在原来位置不变。如： If I were at school again, I would study harder. →Were I at school again, I would study harder. 如果我还有上学的机会，我会更加努力学习。 If you had come earlier, you would catch the bus. →Had you come earlier, you would catch the bus. 如果你来得早点，你就能赶上公共汽车。 If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. →Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 如果明天下雨的话，我们就不能登山去了。 ③用介词代替条件状语从句 常用的介词有with, without, but for。如： What would you do with a million dollars? (=if you had a million dollars)
英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结
虚拟语气: 表示说的话不是事实，不可能发生或者说可能性很小的情况，表达一种愿望、建议、假设。 if were/did, would do if had done, would have done if were to do/should do, would do 举例： If I were you, I would do nothing about it. If you had taken your teacher’s advice, you wouldn’t have made such a mistake. If it were to/ should rain tomorrow(表示降水率很低)，they wouldn’t go shopping. 附注： 虚拟语气，条件状从倒装 状语从句中，去掉if,提前were/ had/ should 如：If I were you, I would give up. →Were I you, I would give up If you had taken the advice, you would have…. →Had you taken the advice, you would have… If the world shou ld come to an end,…… →Should the world come to an end…… 另外，without, but for, otherwise构成的条件状语从句中，也有含蓄的虚拟语气But for the popularization of electricity, we would lead a whole different life today. (popularization 普及，publicity 宣传) Without your help, I would have failed. We’ll go earlier, otherwise we wouldn’t get a seat.（表示可能性小）
同等学力英语语法专项复习虚拟语气
2013年同等学力英语语法专项复习：虚拟语气 一、总述 虚拟语气（subjunctive mood ）用来表示说话人的愿望、请求、意图、建议、怀疑、设想等未能或不可能成为事实的情况，以及在说话人看来实现可能性很小的情况。由于虚拟语气是动词的一种特殊表现形式，因而动词的变化形式体现出虚拟语气所包含的不同含义。虚拟语气用于非真实条件句时的构成如下表所述： 二、重要考点 1. 在非真实条件句中，有时从句的动词所表示的动作和主句的动词所表示的动作并不同时发生，这样的条件句中使用的虚拟式称为混合虚拟式。其构成视具体情况而定。例如： If I had taken my raincoat when I came out this morning, I would not be wet now. If I were you, I wouldn’t have missed the film last night. 2. 引导非真实条件从句的连词if 在正式文体中有时可以省去, were、had、should 等非行为动词这时应提到从句句首。 例如： If I were you, I wouldn’t feel sorry. →Were I you, I wouldn’t feel sorry. 3. 有些句子从表层结构上看是无if 引导的非真实条件句，但从深层意思上看if 是存在的。这种情况下主句动词仍需用虚拟式。这类句子中常出现without （如果没有），but for （要不是），otherwise （否则），but that （若不，后接一从句）等词或词组。例如： But for your help, they couldn’t have succeeded. She wasn’t feeling well. Otherwise，she wouldn’t have left the meeting so early. 4. 在It is + 形容词 + that 从句的句型中，that 引导的主语从句中的谓语动词采用should + 动词原形形式，其中should 常省略。可用于此句型的形容词还有：absurd, advisable, better, best, desirable, (un)fair, fortunate, good, imperative, important, incredible, just, natural, (un) necessary, odd, pleasant, possible, preferable, right, ridiculous, sad, silly, unusual, urgent, vital, wrong 等，表示必要、应该、建议、要求、惊讶、不相信等含义。例如： It’s necessary that we (should) set out at once. It’s proposed that a committee (should) be set up to look into the matter. 5. 具有“提议、建议、请求、命令”等含义的动词所带的从句（包括宾语从句和主语从句）中，谓语动词用should + 动 词原形形式。美国英语多用动词原形，英国英语多用should + 动词原形。有相同用法的动词还有：ask, advise, agree, arrange, beg, command, decide, demand, desire, determine, direct, instruct, insist, intend, maintain, move, order, persuade, pray, propose, recommend, request, require, stipulate, suggest, tell, urge。如： I suggest that we (should) go camping tomorrow. He insisted that our laboratory reports (should) be handed in
最新初中英语语法专项练习(附答案)整理
初中英语语法专项复习
目录 初中英语语法专项练习一——名词 0 初中英语语法专项练习二——形容词 (3) 初中英语语法专项练习三——代词 (6) 初中英语语法专项练习四——数词 (12) 初中英语语法专项练习五——冠词 (13) 初中英语语法专项练习六——动词（语态时态） (16) 动词不定式专项练习 (21) 初中英语语法专项练习七——副词 (25) 初中英语语法专项练习八——介词 (27) 初中英语语法专项练习九——连词 (32) 初中英语语法专项练习十——比较级和最高级 (33) 初中英语语法专项练习十一——定语从句 (33) 初中英语语法专项练习十二——主谓一致 (36) 初中英语语法专项练习十三——状语从句 (37) 初中英语语法专项练习十四——虚拟语气 (41) 初中英初中英语语法专项练习十五——倒装句 (43) 初中英语语法专项练习十六——独立主格 (45) 其他重点语法 (45)
初中英语语法专项练习一——名词 1 ( ) 1 She was very happy. She in the maths test. A. makes a few mistake B. made a few mistakes C. made few mistakes D. makes few mistake ( ) 2 We need some more____. Can you go and get some, please? A. potato B. potatos C. potatoes D. potatoe ( ) 3 _____are____for cutting things. A. Knife/used B. Knives/used C. Knife/using D. Knives/using ( ) 4 What big____ the tiger has! A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. toothes ( ) 5 Please remember to give the horse some tree___. A. leafs B. leaves C. leaf D. leave ( ) 6 -Can we have some ___? -Yes, please. A. banana B. oranges C.apple D. pear ( ) 7 On the table there are five____. A. tomatos B. piece of tomatoes C. tomatoes D. tomato 2 ( ) 1 They got much ___ from those new books. A. ideas B. photos C. information D. stories ( ) 2 He gave us____ on how to keep fit. A. some advices B. some advice C. an advice D. a advice ( ) 3 When we saw his face, we knew___ was bad. A. some news B. a news C. the news P. news ( ) 4 What___ lovely weather it is! A. / B. the C. an D. a 3 ( ) 1 -Would you like___tea? -No, thanks. I have drunk two____. A. any, bottles of orange B. some, bottles of orange C. many, bottles of oranges D. few, bottle of oranges ( ) 2 He is hungry. Give him ___ to eat. A. two breads B. two piece of bread C. two pieces of bread D. two pieces of breads ( ) 3 It really took him:___ to draw the nice horse. A. sometimes B. hour C. long time D. some time ( ) 4 I would like to have___. A. two glasses of milk B. two glass of milk I C. two glasses of milks D. two glass of milks ( ) 5 Can you give me ____? A. a tea B. some cup of tea C. a cup tea D. a cup of tea ( ) 6 Please give me ___ paper. A. one B. a piece C. a D. a piece of ( ) 7 John bought___for himself yesterday.
英语语法填空训练题及答案
全国语法填空 两种题型三个思路 虚词考点：一般考点为冠词、介词、连词 纯空格语法填空（共 3 小 题） 词法考点：主要考查名词、代词、数词、形容词和副词等， 解题思路一般是“词类转换”或“适当形式”。 单词的适当形式填空（共 7 小题，每空不超过 3 个 句法考点：主要考查名词单复数形式、形容词（副词）比较 单词） 等级、动词时态语态、非谓语形式等。 题型解读：几种题型？ 1.无提示词，共小题。一般考点为、、、 等虚词。 2.单词的适当形式填空（共小题，每空不超过个单词）。 主要考查名词形式、形容词和副词的、 动词的、和等。 无提示词（三空） 1.Tom is 18-year-old boy. 2.Teachers are very friendly us. 3.We had to put off the sports meeting it rained heavily. 4.My sister is good at English, she is weak in math. 5.Jim works hard, he gets good grades. 无提示词（三空 1、名词前一般用（特别注意元音音素开头的名词）或。 2、并例的两个或多个单词、短语或句子之间设空，一般填入连词，表并例用，表选择用，表转折用，表原因用，表结果用 3.介词固定搭配需牢记。 二、提示词为动词： 1.Mary (read) the book since three o’clock. 2.The room (clean) yesterday. 3.They went to the country (have) a picnic. 4. (eat) more vegetables is good for our health. 5.Jim practices (run) every day. 6.We need something (drink). 7.It ’s important for us (learn) English well. 8.My mother made me (do) the dishes last night. 9.I saw him (watch) TV when I came into the room. 10.I was (surprise) when I heard the news. 11.Most people like (interest) stories. 12.They jumped up and down in (excite
高中英语语法(虚拟语气)
Unit13虚拟语气专题讲解 【知识要点】 语气（mood）是一种动词形式，用以表示说话者的意图或态度。 英语有三种语气： ＊直陈语气（indicative mood）---- 事实 France lies to the east of England. ＊祈使语气（imperative mood）---- 请求、命令 Make yourself at home. ＊虚拟语气（subjunctive mood） If there were no air and water , we should not be able to live on the earth. 虚拟语气表示说话人的一种主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件而不一定是事实，或与事实相反。 一. 虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法 假设类型条件从句谓语 动词形式 主语谓语 动词形式 与现在事实相反动词的过去式(be用were而不用was) should/ would /could/ might+动词原形 与过去事实相反had + 过去分词 should/ would/could /might + have+过去分词 与将来事实相反1.should+动词原形 2.动词过去式 3.were to+动词原形 should/ would/ could/ might +动词原形 1. 在错综条件句子中，虚拟条件从句和主句动作发生的时间不一致，因此，主句和从句的谓语动词应根据所指的时间选用适当的虚拟语气形式。 1）If I were you，I wouldn't have missed the film last night． 2）If he had followed the doctor's advice，he would recover already．（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。） 2、在if虚拟条件句中，有时可把连词省去，采用倒装语序把谓语动词were或助动词did，had，should 移到句 首构成非真实条件从句的另一种句型，其意思不变。 1）Had we time to spare，we would be glad to go to the park． 2）Were it not for the discovery of electricity，the modern world would experience great inconvenience． 3、有时假设的情况不用if引导虚拟条件从句来表述，而用介词（如without， but for等）引出的短语、分词 （如supposing等）引出的短语、并列连词（如or，otherwise，but，though等）、由动词suppose引出的祈使句或通过上下文的意思来表达。此时句中谓语动词仍采用虚拟语气的相应形式。 1）But for your advice，I would not be able to do this work． 2）Victor obviously doesn't know what's happened，otherwise he wouldn't have made such a stupid remark．。
同等学力申硕英语备考经验汇总
在职研究生同等学力申硕英语备考经验汇总 一、复习方法篇 1、如何高效增加词汇量 1）不要背书 大部分人背书都是背了后面忘了前面，正襟危坐几个小时，其实记住的单词没几个，为什么？因为人的瞬时记忆力只能记忆5-7个东西，比如你妈妈叫你去买菜，七样以内你能记住，要是十几样你就得用笔记了。因此背书没用，那怎么办？就是分组背，记一组，测试一组，再记下一组。（刘毅的背单词的书就是按照这个原理来设计的） 2）不要用整段时间来背单词 我看过很多人的每日计划，什么几点到几点是背单词时间。这个没用，你花几个小时光背单词，记忆效率绝对很低，脑袋都木掉，合上书一个字也想不起来。一些英语牛人就一个背单词方法——小卡片。每天没事就拿出来看一下，坚持不懈，效果绝对好。 3）在遗忘临界点复习 有个伟大的艾宾浩斯记忆曲线，非常厉害，只要按照那个曲线在遗忘临界点复习，5次复习就可以终身不忘。可以在第1、2、5、15、30、60天把单词再重复看一遍！ 4）语境记忆 背单词绝对不能没有例句，中文的一个词你可以对他有很多种解释，英文也一样，如果没有例句帮你体会单词用法，光背词意在真正阅读的时候一定会抓瞎。（刘毅的背单词的书每个单词都有例句） 5）巧用学习工具 现在科技发达，学习工具很多，巧加利用才能事半功倍。我用的是Nokia N73手机，里面有英汉词典，遇到不懂的单词随时用来查，同时也可以把一些单词作为提示有空的时候拿来看。 6）背记单词必须和做真题结合起来 因为单词必须得放到文章中能够认知才叫记住了单词这样单词的记忆会达到事半功倍的效果。传统的每天只是拿着单词书死记硬背是不科学的也是效率最低的。
在单词有了进步之后，你会发现不管是汉译英还是英译汉都不在害怕。但是前提仍然是，多多练习。熟能生巧，翻译多了，跟好的翻译答案对照之后，你会发现好多“的字结构”“使字结构”“无主句”等等之类的句子其实翻译方法是很有章可循的，翻译多了，你会知道什么情况下用被动结构，什么情况下用强调结构，这些能力的前提是必须得多多练习。 2、疯狂做往年的真题并且做后花长时间认真分析 认真做每年的真题，尤其是一些有考验经验的人推荐的真题。争取三天一套，做的时候要卡着时间。做完后要理科对照着正确答案认真分析。做完一套真题可能只需要三个小时的时间，但是做完之后的分析却需要6个小时。所以按照在职学习人的时间来算，三天做一套真题节奏刚好。即便是你做过一遍之后，答案已经背下来了，也仍然要认认真真地做真题，把真题的阅读理解和完形填空作为精读的材料去认真详细地分析每一个句子，攻下你在真题里碰到的每一个生词。 做真题有几大好处，一是通过反复做真题，你可以记住大纲里80%的单词；二是通过反复做真题，你可以熟悉阅读理解完形填空的文章风格和真题出题思路，到考试的时候才不会不适应，尤其是近5年的试题；三是真题的阅读理解其实就是很好很地道的说明文和议论文，熟读之后你会发现里面有好多很精美很地道的句子，拿来用到自己的作文里非常的出彩。三是通过精读真题的阅读理解和完形填空，基本上你第二卷的英译汉已经不成问题了。（第二卷的作文和英译汉通过做真题完全可以搞定了）。 3、针对09新大纲复习对策 今年的英语考试大纲试卷一考试内容与以往相比，去掉了辨识错误部分，保留了会话技能、词汇、阅读理解、综合填空4部分内容。也就是说在考试时间不变的情况下，考试内容减少，试卷难度也就相应降低，对考生而言是好消息。以往，辨错题是试卷中唯一直接考查语法结构题目，新大纲调整后，考生就不需要记忆细小语法知识，更利于考生的英语复习。 专家认为辨识错误部分的5分可能会加到阅读理解部分或词汇部分。根据新大纲中的样题看，2009年英语考试阅读理解部分分值预计会增加，由25分变成30分，题目数量也相应从25个增至30个。同时，新大纲删除500多个旧词增加1220多个新词和50个常用词组。词汇量要求提高预示着今年的英语水平考试难度可能比以往会加大。 面对新大纲词汇量增加的问题，考生可以采用像滚雪球一样的方法记忆。在复习词汇时，首先从掌握大学英语四六级考试要求的词汇入手，每天定时定量地完成背诵内容，第二天，将学过的单词默写几遍，以加深印象。这个阶段大概需要3个月的时间，然后进入背诵考研词汇阶段，考生可选择一本考研核心词汇作为辅助记忆参考书。但是不要认为单词一遍就记住了，记单词的关键是重复记忆。按照记忆曲线，记忆7次一般就差不多记住了，但是还有很少的一部分单词不能记住。他在记完7次以后，把仍然记不住的单词抄在卡片上。正面写着英文单词、词性、音标；背面写着意思、助记法等。
英语语法填空练习题及答案
英语语法填空练习题及答案 一、高中英语语法填空 1．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 New Year's Eve is the last day of the year. It is always an exciting time because people look forward to ________(welcome) a new year. It is also a good time to think back and say goodbye to the old year. New Year's Eve is a ________(nation) holiday for many people around the world. In a lot of countries , people go back to their hometown for the New Year, so usually the trains and buses________(pack) with people. In England, there is always a New Year's Eve party, ________ is usually held at someone's home and the host invites friends, families and neighbors. The living room becomes a mini disco as everyone dances________ loud music. I have lots of good ________(memory) of New Year's Eve . I once spent one freezing New Year's Eve in Trafalgar Square in the center of London. It snowed and was ________(bitter) cold . I also spent many wonderful New Year's Eves in Japan. There, it is a tradition________(visit) a shrine(圣坛)and pray for good things. I think wherever you are, New Year's Eve is always ________exciting day. Maybe the last way to welcome the New Year ________(be)watching amazing fireworks displays in the world's cities. 【答案】 welcoming；national；are packed；which；to；memories；bitterly；to visit；an；is 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，对世界各地的许多人来说，除夕是国家的假日。作者回忆了除夕的许多美好记忆。 （1）考查非谓语动词。句意：这总是一个令人兴奋的时刻，因为人们期待着迎接新的一年。look forward to固定短语，“期待”，to是介词，后面接动名词，所以填welcoming。（2）考查形容词。句意：对世界各地的许多人来说，除夕是国家的假日。该空修饰名词holiday，用形容词，所以填national。 （3）考查时态语态。句意：在很多国家，人们会回老家过年，所以通常火车和公共汽车上都挤满了人。描述经常或反复发生的动作，用一般现在时。"火车和公共汽车"与"挤满"之间是被动关系，用被动语态，所以填are packed。 （4）考查定语从句。句意：在英国，人们通常在某人家里举行新年晚会，邀请朋友、家人和邻居。_________ is usually held at someone's home and the host invites friends, families and neighbors.是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是a New Year's Eve party，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，故填which。 （5）考查介词。句意：客厅变成了一个迷你迪斯科舞厅，每个人都随着响亮的音乐跳舞。dance to固定短语，“随着……起舞”，故填to。 （6）考查名词。句意：我对除夕有很多美好的回忆。"美好的回忆"是复数意义，用名词复数，故填memories。 （7）考查副词。句意：天下着雪，冷得刺骨。修饰形容词cold，用副词，故填bitterly。（8）考查非谓语动词。句意：在那里，参拜神社并祈求好运是一种传统。不定式作主语，一般用it作形式主语，把作主语的不定式短语后置，故填to visit。 （9）考查冠词。句意：我想无论你在哪里，除夕总是一个令人兴奋的日子。泛指"一个令
(完整)高中英语语法虚拟语气讲解
高中英语语法讲解--虚拟语气 1. 语气的定义和种类 （1）语气的定义 语气是动词的一种形式，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。 （2）语气的种类 A. 陈述语气 表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。 We are not ready. Did it rain all day yesterday? What a fine day today！ B. 祈使语气 表使说话人的建议、请求、邀请、命令等。 Be careful. Don’t forget to clo se the window. Open the door, please. C. 虚拟语气 表使动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。 2. 虚拟语气 一. 虚拟语气在条件句中的应用 学习虚拟语气在条件句中的用法之前我们必须清楚条件句的种类：条件句有真实条件句与非真实条件句(或称虚拟条件句)两种。真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句都用陈述语气。如： If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I will go for a picnic. 假若明天不下雨，我就去野餐。 Oil floats if you pour it on water. 你如把油倒在水里，油就浮起来。 虚拟条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句皆须用虚拟语气。 1. 与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句，条件从句的谓语用动词的过去式(be的过去式用were), 主句的谓语用should （would, might，could）+动词原形。 如： If it were not raining, we should go for a picnic.如果现在不下雨的话，我们就出去野餐了。 （事实是：天在下雨，我们不能出去野餐。表示愿望。） If he came here, he might be able to help you. 如果他来这，他就能够帮助你了。 （事实是：他没来这，他不可能帮助你。表示对他的良好印象。） 2. 与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，条件从句的谓语用had+过去分词，主句的谓语用should （would, might，could）+ have ＋过去分词。 如：She would have gone to the party if she had been invited.
大学英语语法-虚拟语气
虚拟语气 1. I wish (that可省略,下同)I knew the answer to the question.我希望知道这个答案。(事实上是不知道) 2. He wishes he hadn't lost the chance. 他真希望没有失去机会。(其实已失去) 3. You wished she would arrive the next day.(would + arrive) 你希望她第二天会到。(事实上她还没到) Subjunctive Mood作为专门表达假设意义和其他非事实意义的动词形式，仅是古英语遗留下来的残余。它仅有两个形式，即be型虚拟式和were型虚拟式。 Be型虚拟]----- be型虚拟式是以动词原形表示的，不管主语是什么人称，动词一律用原形，如动词为被动态，则助动词be也用原形。其主要用法如下： 1)用于表命令、决定、建议、坚持等词语之后的that分句中 这一用法又分三种情况： a)用在 decide,decree,demand,insist,move,order,prefer,propose,recommend,request,require, suggest,vote等动词之后的that分句中.（宾语从句） 在expect, believe, think, suspect等动词的否定或疑问形式后的宾语从句中，我们经常用“should＋动词原形(或完成形式)”，表示惊奇，怀疑，不满等。 He ordered that all the books be sent at once. He ordered that all the books be sent at once. we propose that somebody neutral take the chair. She insisted that she go to the south for her holiday. b)用在 advisable,appropriate,desirable,essential,fitting,imperative,important,impossible,nece ssary,obligatory,proper等形容词之后的that分句中。（主语从句） It is essential that all the facts be examined first. It was appropriate that thisi tax be abolished. I thousht it advisable that an armed guard stand in readiness. c)用在 decision,decree,demand,instruction,order,requirement,resolution等名词之后的that分句中。 The board has given instructions that the agent fly to Boston. We were faced with the demand that this tax be abolished. Their decision was that the school remain closed. 在这一用法中be型虚拟式能与“should+不定式”交替使用，也能与to-不定式交替使用。 He ordered that the books be sent at once . = He ordered that the books should be sent at onc. = He ordered that the books to be sent at once. 2）用于由if,though等引导的分句中.
同等学力英语语法总结
同等学力英语语法总结
同等学力英语比较状语从句 常见引导词：as（同级比较）, than（不同程度的比较） 特殊引导词：the more … the more … ; just as …, so…; A is to B what /as X is to Y; no … more than; not A so much as B She is as bad-tempered as her mother. 她和她妈一样脾气暴躁。 The house is three times as big as ours. 这所房子是我们的三倍大。 The more you exercise, the healthier you will be. 越锻炼你就越健康。 Food is to men what oil is to machine. 食物之于人，犹如油之于机器。 同等学力英语让步状语从句 引导让步状语从句的连词和词组：although, though（虽然）；even if，even though（即使）；as，while（尽管）；whether…or（不论……还是）；whoever，no matter who（无论谁）；
whenever, no matter when（无论何时）；however，no matter how（无论怎样）；whatever，no matter what（无论什么）等。 （1）although和though都表示“虽然”，但although比though正式，更多用于句首；二者都可与yet，still或nevertheless连用，但不能和but连用： He didn’t stop working though（或although）he was ill. 她虽然病了，但未停止工作。 (2)as引导的让步状语从句要用倒装语序，可用though代替，但比though语气强，被倒装的部分能够是表语、状语和动词原形： Child as（或though）he is, he knows a lot.［表语；名词］ 她虽然是个孩子，但懂得很多。 ▲当表语是可数名词单数时，不能加不定冠词a （或an）。 Good as he is, he will never be top of his class.［表语；形容词］ 她虽然很好，但她决不会成为班上的尖子。 Hard as（或though）he works, he makes little