高中英语动词时态语态考点详解版

表格式一般现在时态和语态

2. Jenny (has) a good friend?

3. Brian （not live) in China.

4. Li Ming with me (be) in Beijing.

5. If it （not rain）tomorrow, we will go to the park.

6. Our teacher said that the earth (go)around the sun yesterday.

7.He （help）the old man every week .

8.The old man （help）by him every week.

9.The building (visit) by many people every year.

一一般现在时

（一）定义：主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，

句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语；表示客观规律和永恒真理等

He usually goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning. The earth goes around the sun. Guangzhou is situated in the south of China.

（二）标志词：

always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever，every week (day, year, month…),

once /twice a week, on Sundays,

（三）谓语动词构成：

1 be动词的一般现在时：am is are（"是"，“在”）

2 当谓语动词是行为动词的时候：

（1）当主语不是第三人称单数的时候，一般现在时用行为动词的原形

（2）主语是he,she,it等第三人称单数（除去I,you以外的任何一个单数的名词或者代词），动词要变形加s或es．

（温馨提示：动词变形要符合两个条件：1，主语是三单，2，句子是肯定句）

（四）.基本结构：

1，肯定句：主语+谓语（+其他的）

He loves sports. Jane is an outgoing girl.

（主语He是三单，又是肯定句，所以谓语动词发生变形，加上了s）

Tom and Tim both have medium height.

He has a big mouth. We like the dog very much.

2，否定句：主语+don’t或者doesn’t+动词原形+其他(在be或者后面加上do does) Candy doesn’t do her housework every day. We don’t dance .

He isn’t a worker.

3，一般疑问句：Do (Does)+主语+动词原形+其他？（把be或者do does 提到主语的前面）Does she like English? Yes,she does. No,she doesn’t.

Do you swim in summer? Are you a teacher?

4，特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句Where does Tom come from?

（五) 一般现在时态用法

（1）经常性或习惯性的动作，常与这样的时间状语连用：

eg: We always help each other. It often snows in winter. I get up early every morning.

（2）表示主语现在的特征、性格、能力等。

eg: He loves sports. Jane is an outgoing girl. Tom and Tim both have medium height. （3）表示客观、普遍真理

eg: Two and four makes six. Water boils at 100℃The moon moves round the earth。The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China.

（4）表示格言或警句中。Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。

（六）一般现在时态的考点：

考点一：表示永恒真理（结合宾语从句考点）即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。Our teacher said that the earth goes (go)around the sun yesterday.

I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school.

考点二：一般现在时态表将来的情况

1.：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时；常用的引导词后面用现在时态表将来。时间状语从句的标志语：

when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment/the minute, the day;

条件状语从句的标志语：if, unless, provided.

I will give it to him as soon as I see him tomorrow. 明天我一看见他就交给他。

He will come if you invite him. 如果你请他,他会来的。

Suppose he doesn’t agree，what shall we do?假如他不同意，那怎么办?

I shall do as I please. 我高兴怎么做就怎么做。

He will continue the work no matter what happens.

if he accepts the job, he will get more money soon.

2：在make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter ＋宾语从句，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。

So long as he works hard, I don’t mind when he finishes the experiment.

只要他努力工作，我不介意他什么时候做完试验。

See to it that you are not late again. 注意别再迟到了。

3：在the more… the more … (越……越……) 句型中, 若主句是一般将来时, 从句通常用一般现在时, 因为前者相当于条件状语从句

The harder you study, the better results you will get.

4. 表示按计划或时间表将要发生的动作，通常有表示将来的时间状语。

如：The plane takes off at 11:30 and arrives in Shanghai at l:20.

飞机十一点半起飞，一点二十分抵达上海。The meeting begins at 8:00 .

注意：只限于少数动词能这样用，如begin, start, , end, finish, stop, go, come, leave, sail, arrive, return, close, open （一般都是瞬间动词这样用一般现在时表示将来的动作）等。

考点三：以here, there等开始的倒装句，动词多为go，come等，用一般现在时态表示动作正在进行。如：

Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. 车来了。There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. （2006 四川）Look at the timetable .Hurry up! Flight 4026 off at 18:20.

A takes

B took

C will be taken

D has taken (2010 四川)19．If you have a job，_________yourself to it and finally you’ll su cceed．A．do devote B．don't devote C．devoting D．not devoting

一专项练习：

1 Jenny ____ in an office. Her parents ____in a hospital.

A work , works

B works, work

C work, are working

D is working, work

2 One of the boys_____ a black hat.

A have

B there is

C there are

D has

3 We will go shopping if it____ tomorrow.

A don't rain

B didn't rain

C doesn't rain

D isn't rain

4 He said the sun ____in the east and ____in the west.

A rose; set

B rises; sets

C rises, set

D rise; sets

5 Wang Mei ____ music and often ____ to music.

A like; listen

B likes; listens

C like; are listening

D liking ; listen

6 Jenny____ English every evening.

A has study

B studies

C study

D studied

二用适当的动词填空。

1.If it （not rain）tomorrow, we will go to the park.

2.Our teacher said that the earth (go)around the sun yesterday.

3.He (play) football very well. We (play) football very well.

4. Jenny (has) a good friend?

5. Brian （not live) in China.

6. Li Ming with me (be) in Beijing.

7.He （help）the old man every week .

8.The old man （help）by him every week.

11.The building (visit) by many people every year.

20. _________you study English at school ? Yes , I___________. ( do )

21. _______your sister study English at school ? No , she_________ . ( do )

22. I'm _________ better . ( feel ) 23. Why______Tom absent today ? ( be )

23．I ________(write) to you as soon as I _______(get) to London.

24. He doesn't feel well and ____________(not eat) any food this morning.

25. He ___ _____( not see) me come in, for he _____(read) something with great interest.

26. I _________(let) you ( have) the book as soon as I _______(finish) it.

27. While we ______(wait) for our teacher, a little boy _______(run) up to us.

28. Don't make a niose. Grandpa __________(sleep).

29.It's seven now, Tom's family__________(watch) TV.

30. It ________(take) me two hours to finish my homework last night.

31. What ______ your mother _______(do) at eight yesterday evening?

-------- She _______(wash) clothes.

32. _______ it ______ (rain) when school was over yesterday?

33. What _______you (do) _______ tomorrow? ------ We ________ (play) football.

34. There ________ (be) a football match on TV this evening.

35. They said they ________ (visit) the Great Wall the next summer holiday.

36. Who _______ (dance) the best in your class?

37. Will you come if he _____________ (not come)?

38. The teacher told us the earth __________ (move) round the sun.

39 She ________ (buy) a sweater yesterday.

40. They _______ (have) a party in the garden if it _____ (not rain) tomorrow.

41. I don't know if Mr.Wang ______ (fly) to Shanghai tomorrow. If he _____ (fly)there, I ____ (ask) him _____ (take) some books to my daughter, because she ____ (study) there.

42 If I （be）you, I wouldn’t go with him.

If you (help) us last night ,we (finish) the work.

二现在进行时

（一）现在进行时定义和标志语：

1.表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动：

标志语：now, at this time, these days, look, listen，（做提示语的时候）It’s …o’clock, The house is being built these days.

2.或表感情色彩，加强语气。

标志语：频率副词always，constantly，continually，again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩（赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等）。

We are having English class. The little boy is always making trouble.

（二）谓语动词时态构成：am/is/are+doing

（三）谓语动词被态语态构成：am/is/are+being +done

助动词（am, is, are）只随主语变化。如下表：

I he,she,it you, we, they

(包括单数名词) (包括复数名词)

am is are

（四）句型变化：

1 肯定句：主语+助动词（am,is, are）+现在分词(v.-ing)+其它。

They are working in a factory these days.

2 否定句：主语+助动词（am,is, are）not+现在分词(v.-ing)+其它。

They aren’t working in a factory these days.

3 一般疑问句:一般疑问句把be提到主语前面。

Are they working in a factory these days.

4 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？

What are they doing now?

(五)、现在进行时的基本用法：

1. 表示现在（指说话人说话时）正在发生的事情或者当前在发生的动作。

例如：We are waiting for you. 我们正在等你。

They are working in a factory these days.

More and more people are giving up smoking.

2. 习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。

例如：Mr. Green is writing another novel.

他在写另一部小说。（说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。）3. 表示渐变，这样的动词有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。

The leaves are turning red. It's getting warmer and warmer.

4.与always, constantly, forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往

往带有说话人的主观色彩。

You are always changing your mind. 你老是改变主意。

When are you leaving? Are you going to Tibet tomorrow?

I'm leaving for a trek in Nepal next week.（已经安排了）

we're flying to Paris tomorrow.(票已经拿到了）

(六)、不用进行时的动词（状态动词不用于进行时态，多用一般现在时态或者

其他时态）

(1)表示知道或者了解以及决定的词: accept,finish,give,,decide ,believe, ,know,

understand, want ,wish, think ,see, I accept your advice. 我接受你的劝告。(2).表示“看起来”“看上去" look, seem

You seem a little tired. 你看上去有点累。

(3)表示喜爱或不喜爱hate,like.love He likes apples.

(4)表示构成或来源的动词be from,come from.

(5)表示感官的动词，系动词，sound ,smell, taste feel,

The music sounds interesting.

(6)表示拥有包括的动词need.own . belong to ,cost, have等。

I have two brothers. This house belongs to my sister.

考点一：在时间状语或条件状语从句中表示将来正在进行的动作。

Look out when you are crossing the street.

Don't wake him up if he is still sleeping at 7 tomorrow morning.

考点二：表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作（这时多有表示将来的时间状语）。

多是go，come，start，move，sail，leave，arrive，stay，live, fly, get 等可用现在进行时表示已经确定或安排好的将来活动Marry is leaving on Friday.

专项训练：

1.What_________you__________(do)? I________(sing) an English song.

2.What________he____________(mend)? He____________(mend) a car.

3.______you__________(fly) a kite? Yes,_______.

4.______she___________(sit) in the boat?

5.______you_____________(ask) questions?

6.We_______________(play) games now.

7 Where’s our teacher?

-He ______________(watch) a football match on the playground now.

8. Don’t make any noise. Jim _______________(sleep)

9.They _______________(be)in the room now.

10.How cold it is! It’s _______________(snow)heavily.

11.Listen! Peter and Becky _______________(talk)about the weather.

12.Be quiet! My teacher is ____________________(say)something.

13.It’s 8 o’clock. They _______________(have) an English class.

14. Hurry up! Your mother _______________(wait) for you downstairs.

15.Where are the twins? --They’re ________(play)football at school.

16.Mr. Jones can’t come. He _______________(have)a meeting.

17. Look! Sally and Jim ________________________(swim)in the river.

18.Look! They ___________________ (run) along the street.

19. We ___________ (practise) hard these days

because we will have a big match next month.

20.____________ you __________ (study) English? ------Yes, I am 八．改错：每处划线中有错误，在题后改正

1. Is he reading newspapers every day?

2. Are they planting trees over there? ------No, they don’t.

3. John from Class 2 is runing past Helen.

4. Look! The students flying a kite.

5. They are watch TV in the room now.

6. Now Jean and Harry are singing and dance.

7. Jim are now cleaning the classroom at school.

8. Lucy is now do her homework at school.

9. Listen! Jim and Tom don’t now singing.

10. Are they playing football? ------Yes, they do.

1.Mary has already seen this film.

2.She hasn’t returned to book to the library yet.

3.My mum has just bought me a new bike.

4.This little boy has learnt 500 English words.

5.Li Ping has posted the letter on his way home.

6.The workers have built the shopping mall

7.The teacher has told us an interesting story.

8.Have the builders finished building the bridge ?

9.Rose has made some friends in Shanghai.

10.My lovely daughter has drawn a nice picture.

三．选择填空

1. In some countries , tea ______ with milk and sugar.

A. is serving

B. is served

C. serves

D. served

2. Great changes _____ in my hometown since 1980.

A. have been taken place

B. took place

C. have taken place

D. were taken place

3. The new type of car is going to ____ in three years.

A. turn out

B. be turned out

C. has turned out

D. have been turned out

4. －Do you like the skirt ?

－It _______ soft.

A. is feeling

B. felt

C. feels

D. is felt

5. Are you still here ? You were here an hour ago . Who ________ for ?

A. are you waiting

B. did you wait

C. were you waiting

D. do you wait

6. _____ to know Professor Zhang.

A. He said

B. I said

C. He is said

D. It says

7. －I want to sit at the table near the window. －Sorry , ______ already.

A. it took

B. it takes

C. it is taking

D. it has been taken

8. He told me that the final examination _______ next Thursday.

A. is given

B. will be given

C. would have given

D. would be given

9. Water ______ into ice.

A. will changed

B. must be changed

C. should change

D. can be changed

10. Plays ______ twice a month in that theatre.

A. put on

B. are put on

C. was put on

D. often put on

11. A beautiful bike _______ him by his classmates.

A. sent to

B. will sent to

C. was sent to

D. will be sent for

现在完成时态

一、概念：①过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果：强调结果

I have finished my homework .

②过去已经开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态：强调继续

I have lived here since 1990.

二、标志词：见上表。

三、现在完成时态的谓语动词基本构成：have/has + done

The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years.

四、现在完成时的四个基本句型：

（1）.肯定句：

主语+ has(主语是第三人称单数)或者have+动词的过去分词+其他的。

Mary has been ill for three days. You have talked.

He has been in the League for three years.

They have already finished their homework..

(2).否定句：主语+hasn’t(haven’t)+动词的过去分词+其他的。

He hasn’t returned from abr oad You haven’t talked.

(3).一般疑问句：Has(Have)+主语+动词的过去分词+其他的？

Has Peter written six papers so far? Have you talked?

(4).特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？

How long has Thomas studied Russian?

五、现在完成时的考点：

1 、九个重点标志语的用法

①already已经肯定句中或句尾

I have already found my pen. = I have found my pen already.

②yet已经否定句和疑问句句尾

I have not finished the work yet. Have you bought a computer yet?

③ever曾经句中Have you ever seen pandas?

④never从不句中I have never been to Beijing.

⑤just刚刚句中I have just done my work.

⑥before以前句尾I have never been there before.

⑦so far到目前为止So far he has learnt 200 words.

⑧how long多久How long have you lived here?

⑨how many times多少次How many times has he been to Beijing?

2、三词组用法区别：

1）havegone to“去了某地” He has gone to Beijing (人不在说话现场) 2）havebeen to“去过某地”He has been to Beijing. (人在说话现场) 3）havebeen in “去了某地”+for+时间段

He has been in Beijing for ten years. （他已经去北京十年了。）

1. _____ you ever _____America ? Yes, I have.

A. Have… gone to

B. Have… gone in

C. Have… been to

D. Have… been in

2. My brother _______ college for over three years.

A. has gone to

B. has been to

C. has been in

D. has been for

3. Where’s Tony? He the library.

Have you lost your library book? 你已经弄丢了从图书馆借的那本书吗？

5、现在完成时态还常常用于下列句型：

They have planted many trees in the last few years.

This is the best book I have ever read. 这是我曾经读过的最好的一本书。

It is the first time I have played the computer games. 这是我第一次玩电脑游戏。

考点：补充拓展

表示短暂意义的动词：come, arrive, leave, begin, start, buy, die, join, finish, end, fall in等可以用完成时，但是不能表示过去已开始，持续到现在的完成时，不和for+时间段，since+过去时间，但可以表示持续状态的相应的延续性动词中的短

暂性的动词。

(肯定句中非延续性动词不和for+时间段，since+过去时间连用，但是否定句和

疑问句不受限制。)

He has arrived here.

不能说：He has arrived here for ten minutes (since ten minutes ago )

可以说：He has been here for ten minutes (since ten minutes ago )

It is ten minutes since he arrived here.

可以说：He hasn’t arrived here for ten minutes (since ten minutes ago ).

Has he been here for ten minutes (since ten minutes ago )?

He has died two years ago.(用since或者for改写句子)

如：在现在完成时中，一次性动词不能和一段时间状语连用

He has bought the book for 3 years.（错）

因buy这个一次性动词不能和一段时间for 3 years连用, 改正的办法有五种：

① He has bought the book..

(1.去掉一段时间for 3 years)

② He bought the book 3 years ago

(2.改为一般过去时，使句子的意思不变)

③ It’s 3 years since he bought the book.

= 3 years has passed since he bought the book.

（3.改为固定句型It is ---since-）

④ He has not bought the book for 3 years.

（4.改为否定句）

⑤ He has had the book for 3 years. （since 3 years ago。）

（5.用延续性动词have代替buy）

7、还有其他一次性动词也是如此，前四种改法都一样，第五种改法各不同

①come/arrive/get to/reach → be here

I have come here for 3 years.（错）

②leave/go →be away

He has left for 3 hours.（错）

③begin/start →be on

The film has begun for 3 minutes.（错）

④open →be open / close → be closed

The shop has opened for 3 years.(错)

⑤die →be dead

His father has died for 3 years.(错)

⑥finish/end → be over

He has finished the work for 3 days.(错)

⑦join →be in be a ….

I have joined the army for 3 years.（错）

I have been in the army for 3 years. 或I have been a soldier for 3 years.

⑧buy /catch →have

I have bought the bike for 3 years.（错）

He has caught a cold for 3 days.（错）

⑨borrow → keep

I have borrowed the book for 3 years. （错）

还有其它的归纳如下：

break → be broken The cup broke two weeks ago.

get up → be up Tom got up three hours ago.

marry → be married Lucy married last year.

become → be He become a famous writer ten years ago.

lose → be lost \ My mother lost her bag five months ago.

8、延续性动词和终止性动词

①延续性动词：表示的动作是能延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久

的影响。如：learn\ work\ stand\ lie\ know\ keep\ have\ wait\ watch\ sing\ read\ live

②终止性动词：也叫非延续性动词，瞬间动词，一次性动词。表示的动作不能延

续，即动作发生后立即结束，产生某种结果。在有了某种结果后，动作就不能再

继续下去。

leave\ start\ set out\ arrive\ reach\ get to\ begin\ stop\ shut\ turn off\ marry\ put\ put on\

get up\ wake\ fall\ join\ meet\ receive\finish\ end\ complete\ become\ come\ go\ die\

open\ close\ break\ give\ jump\ buy\ borrow

9、终止性动词不能和一段时间状语连用。

He has died for three days. （错，终止性动词die不能和一段时间for three days连用）补充材料：

考点一：for + 时间段；since + 时间点，肯定句谓语动词要用延续性动词

They have lived in Beijing for five years. They have lived in Beijing since 1995.

I have learned English for ten years.

考点二：常见的不确定的时间状语：

lately; recently, just, already, yet, up to now; till now; so far, these days,

Has it stopped raining yet ?

考点三：在表示“最近几世纪/ 年/ 月以来……”时间状语中，谓语动词用现在完成时。in the past few years/months/weeks/days；over the past few years;

during the last three months; for the last few centuries, through centuries; throughout history 等考点四：表示“第几次做某事，”或在

“It is the best (worst, most interesting ) +名词＋that”后面跟现在完成时。

This is my first time that I have visited China.

This is the most interesting film I have ever seen.

That is the only book that he has written.

一现在完成时延续性动词与非延续性动词转换练习

1. The factory opened ten years ago.（同义句）

The factory _______ for ten years . The factory since ten years ago.

2.They have cleaned the room twice this week. (就划线部分提问)

_____ _____ ____ ______ they ______ the classroom this week?

3. My father went to England in 2003 and 2005. （同义句）

My father _____ ______ _____ England _____.

4 John left Beijing three years ago. （同义句）

John_______ ______ ______ Beijing_____ three years.

John since three years ago It since John left Beijing.

5 His company closed in 2003. （同义句）

His company _____ _____ _____ _____ 2003. It since His company closed 6. My father bought the car half a year ago. （同义句）

My father ______ ____ _______ It since my father bought the car.

7、The old man died last year. （同义句）

He for a year. (die) He since last year (die) It since .

8、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句)

This factory ________ for twenty years.

This factory sincetwenty years ago.

9、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句)

Miss Gao ________ an hour ago.

10、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同义句）

Her mother ______ _ three years ________ .

11、The Green Family moved to France two years ago. (同义句转换)

_______ two years ________ the Green family moved to France.

The Green Family since two years ago.

12、The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. (合并句子)

___________________________

二.用所给动词的适当形式填空。

1、Both his parents look sad .Maybe they ____what's happened to him .

Ａ. knew Ｂ. have known Ｃ. must know Ｄ.will know

2、He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ? Ａ. already Ｂ.never Ｃ.ever Ｄ. still

3、Have you met Mr Li ______？Ａ. just Ｂ. Ago Ｃ.before Ｄ. a moment ago

4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two years.

Ａ. is writing Ｂ.was writing Ｃ.wrote Ｄ.has written

5、-Our country ______ a lot so far . -Yes . I hope it will be even ______ .

Ａ. has changed ; well Ｂ. changed ; good Ｃ. has changed ; betterＤ.changed ; better

6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years .

Ａ. was ; studying Ｂ. will ; study Ｃ. has ; studied Ｄ. are ; studying

7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .

Ａ. know Ｂ. had known Ｃ. have known Ｄ. knew

8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice .

Ａ. will see Ｂ. have seen Ｃ. saw Ｄ.see

一般过去时和现在完成时两种时态的区分:

（1 ）构成的区分：一般过去时的谓语动词用过去式，助动词是did

而现在完成时的谓语基本构成是“助动词have/ has + 过去分词”。

(2)标志词的区分：一般过去时通常与表示过去的明确的时间状语连用。

如：yesterday, last week , two years ago ,just now ,in 2002 等；

而现在完成时则常与just ,already ,ever ,never 等副词和these days ,this week ,since ......, for ...... 等表示一段时间的状语连用。

试比较以下几组句子，有什么区别：

① A:Have you seen the film ? B:Did you see the film ?

② A:How has he done it ? B:How did he do it ?

一基本练习

1、-These farmers have been to the United States . -Really ? When _____ there ? Ａ. will they go Ｂ. did they go Ｃ. do they go Ｄ. have they gone

2、-______ you ___ your homework yet ? -Yes . I _____ it a moment ago .

Ａ. Did ; do ; finishedＢ.Have ; done ; finishedＣ.Have ; done ; have finishedＤ.will ; do ; finish

1. ________ you ________ (borrow) the book we talked abut last time?

2. There’s no more wine in the bottle. They ________ (drink) all of it.

3. Tom ________ (leave) a message for you. He ________ (call) last night.

4. I ____________ (see) the movie once before. I __________ (love) it a lot.

5. A: _________you（/hear) the news? B: yes, I ________.

A: Who ___________ (tell) you the news? B: Li Ming ______ (do)

A: When ______he (tell) you? B: Two hours ago.

6.I____ already ____ (see) the film. I ___ (see) it last week.

7.___ he ____(finish) his work today ? Not yet .

8.___ you ____(be) to Hong Kong ? Yes, I _____ (be) there twice .

9.____ you ever ____(eat ) chocolate sundaes ? No, never.

10.My father ____ just ____ (come) back from work. He is tired now.

11.Where’s Li Ming ? He ____ (go) to the teacher’s office.

二完成时基础练习

1. Every student _________________ (see) the film already.

2. Kent and I __________________ (write) a song before.

3. Dick _______________ (do) the work these days.

4. The people in the mountains ________ never ________ (see) films.

5. Patty _______________ (buy) a magazine about the school life.

6. The actress ________________ (live) here all her life.

7. The glass is broken. Who ________ (break) this glass?

8. Finally the workers ______________ (finish) that job.

三. A. 用already或yet

1) Have they taken down the old pictures ______? No, not ___________.

2) Most of us have finished our compositions ________

3) He said he hadn’t visited the exhibition ________.

B.用since(+过去时间)或for（+时间段，几分钟，小时，天，周，年等）

1) We have learned five lessons ______ the beginning of this term.

2) Mrs Liao has been in hospital ______last week.

3) I have stayed at my aunt’s _____two weeks.

C. 用have gone to(去了，刚去) 或have been to（曾去过）或者

have been in（+for时间段）“ 去了很久”

1) Where are the boy students ? They _____ to the school factory.

2) Is your father in ? No, he ___ _ Shenzhen.

_______he ever ______ there before ? Yes, he ___ there several times.

3) He asked me if I _____ Hangzhou before.

I told him that I wanted to go there for a visit as I ___ never ____ to that city before.

4）When did he arrived there? He arrived there ten years ago.He there for ten years. 四用所给动词的适当形式填空

1.Thanks a lot. It’s sunny again. It _______________(rain) for a long time.

2. _____________Mr. Li _______________(live) here since 8 years old?

3. Since Mr. Li came here, he _______________(teach) in this school.

4. It’s the third time that I _______________(see) him this month.

5. Is your mother at home? ------No, she ___________(go) to work.

6. Her mother ______(become)a doctor in 1970. She ____(work) in the hospital since 26 years old.

7. He ____________(teach) English here since we ______(see) him 5 years ago.

8. How many times _______________you _______________(be) to Beijing?

------Only once. I _______________(go) there two years ago.

9. I’ve lost my cat. _______________you ever _______________(see) it anywhere?

10. My parents are not at home. They _______________(leave) for Shanghai.

11. Wait here, please. The train _______________(not arrive) yet.

12. Where is my dictionary? ------Li Ping _______________(take) it away.

13. I _______________(lose) my pen, and I _______________(look)for it now.

14. I _______________(not see) such a strange thing before.

15. He joined the Party in 1990. He ______(be) a party member for 10 years.

16. How long __________Uncle Wang ________(work) in this factory? ---Since 1995.

17. So far the children _______________(learn) 1,000 English words.

18. _____you _______(mend) your bike? ------Yes. I mended it a moment ago.

19. I’ll tell him the news that our class _______________(win) already.

20. She _______________(stay) here for over 5 years.

21. The box is empty. Who _______________(eat) all the cakes?

22. He has found his bike .When _______________he _______________(find) it?

23. Her sister _______________ (go) to Shanghai. She ____________ (leave) this morning.

24. My friend Wang Hai often _______________ (swim) in the river.

25. The teacher _______________ (reach) Beijing two days ago.

26.Shanghai ___ (be) a small town hundreds of years ago. Now it ____ (become) a large city.

27.I ___ (work) here since I ___ (move) here in 1999.

28.So far I ___(make) quite a few friends.

29.How long ___ the Wangs ___ (stay) here ? He (stay) here for ten hours.

30. You know, I (look) for a job for three months, and this is my first formal interview.

31. My sister ________ (stay) in Beijing for three months last year.

My sister ________ (stay) in Beijing for three months..

32. The little boy is dirty all over because he _____ (play) in the mud all the morning.

五每处划线中有错误，在题后改正

1.Jim has bought the book for just 3 days.

2.Uncle Wang has died for 3 years.

3.I have gone to Beijing three times.

4.Jim isn’t here. He has been to Beijing. He went there this morning.

5.She has lived there since 8 years.

6.Has he been a teacher for 1990?

7.I lived here since 3 months ago.

8.Have you finished the work yet? ------Yes, I did.

9.Jim’s brothers has made many kinds of kites. 10.He has taken the books away.

现在完成时的提升练习

1、His father ______ the Party since 1978 .

Ａ. joined Ｂ. has joined Ｃ. was in Ｄ. has been in

2、-Do you know him well ? Sure .We ____ friends since ten years ago .

Ａ. were Ｂ. have been Ｃ. have become Ｄ. have made

3、-How long have you ____ here ? -About two months .

Ａ. been Ｂ. gone Ｃ. come Ｄ. arrived

4、Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes .

Ａ. has begun Ｂ. had begun Ｃ. has been on Ｄ. began

5、It _____ ten years since he left the army .

Ａ. is Ｂ. has Ｃ. will Ｄ. was

6、Miss Green isn't in the office . she_______ to the library .

Ａ.has gone Ｂ. went Ｃ.will go Ｄ. has been

7、My parents ______ Shandong for ten years .

Ａ. have been in Ｂ. have been toＣ. have gone to Ｄ. have been

8、The students have cleaned the classroom, ?

A. so they

B. don't they

C. have they

D. haven't they

9、has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China?

A. How soon, comes

B. How often, got

C. How long, came

D. How far, arrived

10、His uncle for more than 9 years.

A. has come here

B. has started to work

C. has lived there

D. has left the university

11. I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final. -- I think so. He__ for it for months.

A. is preparing

B. was preparing

C. had been preparing

D. has been preparing

12. By the time he realizes he _____ into a trap, it’ll be too late for him to do anything

about it.

A. walks

B. walked

C. has walked

D. had walked

13. So far this year we _______ a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent.

A. saw

B. see

C. had seen

D. have seen

14. Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School,

where she ______ English for a year. (2007湖南)

A. studies

B. studied

C. is studying

D. has been studying

15. Danny _________ hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular.

A. works

B. is working

C. has worked

D. had worked

16. —I have got a headache. —No wonder. You__ in front of that computer too long.

A. work

B. are working

C. have been working

D. worked

17. The unemployment rate in this district_______ from 6% to 5% in the past two years. A. has fallen B. had fallen C. is falling D. was falling

18.Now that she is out of job, Lucy _ going back to school，but she hasn’t decided yet.

A. had considered

B. has been considering

C. considered

D. is going to consider

19. —__ you _ _ him around the museum yet? —Yes. We had a great time there.

A. Have ; shown

B. Do ; show

C. Had; shown

D. Did; show

20. —Hi, Tracy，you look pale. —I am tired. I _______ the living room all day.

A. painted

B. had painted

C. have been painting

D. have painted

21. Mother ____ me a new coat yesterday, I _____ it on. It fits me well.

A. has made…have tried

B. made…have tried

C. has made…tried

D. made…tried

22. “He ____ to draw horses already.”“When ____he?”.“Last year.”

A. learned...has B. learned...did C. has learned...has D. has learned (i)

23. Tom ____ up into the tree. Look, he _____ high up there!

A. has got… is

B. has climbed… was

C. got… was

D. climbed… is

24. _____you _____ the text yet ? Yes, we _____ it two hours ago.

A. Did…copy，did

B. Have…copied，have

C. Have… copied，did

D. Did …copy，had

25. “Why she angry?”“Because he _____ at he just now.”

A. did… get, shouted

B. has…got…shouted

C. did… get… has shouted

D. has…got…has shouted

26. _____ you ______ the film before? Where ____ you _____ it?

A. Have，seen… did… see

B. Did…see…did…watch

C. Have…seen… have… seen

D. Did…see…have…seen

27. You _____ me waiting for two hours. I _____ for you since five.

A. Kept…waited

B.have kept…waited

C.kept…have waited

D. have kept…have waited

28. Where _____John _____? To the library. He _____ there for an hour.

A. has，been；has gone

B. has，gone；has been

C. did… go，went

D. did…be…went

29. _____ the baby still _____ ? No, it ______ crying.

A. Has… cried…has stopped

B. Is crying…stopped

C. Did cry stopped

D. Is…crying…has stopped

30. I _____ the way. I ______ here for quite many years.

A. knew... have lived B. knew... live C. know... have lived D. know (iv)

31. He _____ the Army by the end of 1992. He ____ in the army since then.

A. joined…is

B. has joined…has been

C. had joined…is

D. has joined…has been

32. By the time I _____ back they ____ up ten metres.

A. came…have climbed

B. came…had climbed

C. come…have climbed

D. had come…climbed

33. Jack ____ over five lessons by seven o'clock. Then he____ a test.

A. went…took

B. went…had taken

C. had gone…took

D. had gone…had taken

34. We _____ out by that time that he ____ a thief for a long time.

A. had found…had been

B. had found…was

C. found…had been

D. found…was

35. Before the new _____ him, he ____ to know about it.

A. reaches…has got

B. reached…had got

C. reached…got

D. had reached…got

36. I _____ him a second letter before I _____ from him.

A. wrote…heard

B. wrote…had heard

C. had written… heard

D. have written…hear

37. We _____ in a good harvest because we ______ enough rain.

A. didn't get…had had

B. got…had had

C. had got… had bad

D. got…hadn't had

38. They ____for five hours when they ____ in New York.

A.flew…arrived

B.had flown…had arrived

C.flew…had arrived

D.had flown…arrived

39. She ____ that ____ it for two days by that day.

A. says…has rained

B. says…had rained

C. said… had rained

D. said…rained

40. John _____ there since the year before, so he ____ them.

A.had worked，knew

B.had worked….had known

C.worked，knew

D. worked，had known

41. He _____ angry because he _____ for a long time.

A. had got…had waited

B. got…waited

C. had got…waited

D. got…had waited

42. Paper _____ first invented in China.

A. is

B. are

C. was

D. were

43. The Greens _____ China for five years.

A. has been in

B. have been in

C. went to

D. has gone to

44.There _____ an eraser under the desk. Is it yours?

A. is

B. has

C. was

D. had

45. Miss Chen ______ just ______ to speak at the meeting.

A. has …been asked

B. has been …asked

C. Have been … asked

D. have …been asked

46. Meat _______ out in this shop . We can _________ now.

A. have been sold , get nothing

B. has been sold , get nothing

C. has been sold , get some

D. have been sold , get some

47. The new play _______ in theatre now . Why don’t you go in and see it ?

A. is being shown

B. is showing

C. is shown

D. shows

48. ______ the job ______ by Lucy or by John ? Tell me the truth , please.

A. Has … finished

B. Has …being finished

C. Is …finish

D. Has …been finished

4．一般过去时

表在过去某个特定时间发生且完成的动作，或过去习惯性动作，不强调对现在的影响，只说明过去。常跟明确的过去时间连用，如：yesterday; last week; in 1945, at that time; once; during the war; before; a few days ago; when, 注意：

考点一：used to + do，表示过去经常但现在已不再维持的习惯动作。to为不定式，后接动词原形。

be/become/get used to + doing，表示习惯于

He used to smoke a lot.

He has got used to getting up early.

考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替过去将来时。

He promised to buy me a computer if he got a raise

5. 过去进行时

表示过去某个时间点或某段时间内正在发生的动作。

The boy was doing his homework when his father came back from work.

He was taking a walk leisurely by the lake when he heard someone shouted for help.

What were you doing at nine last night?

The radio was being repaired when you called me.

6. 过去完成时

表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作，即过去完成时的动作发生在“过去的过去”，句中有明显的参照动作或时间状语，这种时态从来不孤立使用( before, after, by, up till )

There had been 25 parks in our city up till 2000.

By the end of last term we had finished the book.

They finished earlier than we had expected.

考点一：用于hardly/scarcely...when; no sooner ...than 句型中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。

I had hardly finished my work when he came to see me.

I had no sooner got into the room than it began to snow.

No sooner had I arrived home than the telephone rang. （注意主谓倒装）

考点二：表示“第几次做某事”，主句用过去时，从句用过去完成时。

That was the second time that she had seen her grandfather.

It was 3 years since we had parted。

考点三：动词hope, expect, think, intend, mean, want, suppose, plan 用过去完成时，表示未实现的愿望、打算和意图。

I had hoped that I could do the job.

I had intended to see you but I was too busy.

7. 一般将来时

表在将来某个时间会发生的动作或情况。常和tomorrow, next year, in 2008等表示将来的时间状语连用，其表现形式多达5种。Beijing will host the 29th Olympic Games in 2008

考点一：一般将来时总是用在一些时间状语从句或条件状语从句的主句中：We will begin our class as soon as the teacher comes.

（主句用一般将来时，从句中一定要用一般现在时替代一般将来时。）

考点二：某些表示短暂性动作的动词如arrive, come, go, leave, start等，用现在进行时形式

表示将来。

I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow.

考点三：“祈使句+ and/or + 句子”，这种结构中and后面的句子谓语用一般将来时。Use your head and you will find a way.

考点四：“am (is, are) going to + 动词原形”，表示打算要做的事或可能要发生的事。

“am (is, are) about to + 动词原形”表示按照预定计划或打算准备着手进行的动作。

“am (is, are) to + 动词原形”表示必须、必然或计划将要做的事。They are to be married in this May.

8、将来进行时

表将来某个时间正在发生的动作，或按计划一定会发生的事情。

I’ll be doing my homework this time tomorrow. 明天这会我正在写作业。

The President will be meeting the foreign delegation at the airport.

9、将来完成时

表在将来某时刻之前业已完成的事情，时间状语非常明显。

考点一：常用的时间状语一般用by+将来的时间。如：by the end of this year, by 8 o’clock this evening, by March next year以及由by the time…, before或when等引导的副词从句。

By the end of next month, he will have traveled 1000 miles on foot.

By the time you reach the station, the train will have left.

By next Tuesday, I will have got ready for the exams.

考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，将来完成时则由现在完成时表示。

The children will do their homework the moment they have arrived back from school.

10. 动词的语态

一般用于强调受者，做题时谓语动词不再有名词或宾语。动词的语态一般不单独考，而是和时态、语气和非谓语动词一起考，只是需要注意以下考点。

考点一：不能用于被动语态的动词和词组

come true, consist of, take place, happen, become, rise, occur, belong, break out, appear, arrive, die, fall, last, exist, fail, succeed

It took place before liberation.

考点二：下列动词的主动语态表示被动意义, 而且常与well, quite, easily, badly等副词连用。lock ( 锁) ; wash ( 洗); sell ( 卖); read ( 读); wear ( 穿); blame (责备)；ride (乘坐)；write ( 写)；

Glass breaks easily. 玻璃容易破碎。

The car rides smoothly. 这车走起来很稳。

The case locks easily. 这箱子很好锁。

The book sells well. 这本书很畅销。

考点三：一些常用经典被动句型：

It is said…, It is reported…, It is widely believed…，It is expect ed…, It is estimated…,

这些句子一般翻译为“据说……”，“人们认为……”，

而“以前人们认为……” 则应该说：It was believed…, It was thought

练习：

1.—You haven’t said a word about my new coat，Brenda.Do you like it?

—I’m sorry I ___ anything about it sooner.I certainly think it’s pretty on you.

A.wasn’t saying

B.don’t say

C.won’t say

D.didn’t say