英语教师课堂教学用语总汇1(2021年高中英语人教版)

英语教师课堂教学用语总汇

Unit One The first lesson in English

经常听到有英语老师抱怨：“我们班上的孩子英语水平太差，或我们班上的孩子年龄太小，让我全英文来授课根本不可能！”那到底是不是：

●学生英语水平差，老师全英文授课就实现不了？

●英语老师到底应该在课堂上说多少英语合适？

●到底哪些课堂用语应该用英文表达？

分析与理解

1.Why use English to teach English? 为什么要“用英语”来教英语？

… in a beginners’ class, gesture and tone of voice are at first more important than the actual words or phrases used to tell students what to do and how to do it. But if beginners get used to hearing nothing but English spoken during their English lesson, they will very soon understand and later learn to say words like “good”, “altogether” etc. so as well as learning the specific language items that are actually being taught in the lesson, they will also be practicing unconsciously a number of language skills, learning how to listen, to pick out key words and beginning to think in English for themselves, thereby reducing the amount of interference from their mother tongue. 译文见第页

（在初学英语者的课堂里，教师的手势、语气比用来指导学生的“做什么或怎样做”的语言更为重要！

但是如果英语初学者听惯了课堂里用英语来授课,他们就能很快的理解并且稍后就可以学着说一些类似“好”“一起”的词。因此，在学习具体语言本身的知识的同时，他们也可以自由不自由的练习很多语言使用技能，如：学习怎样去听；怎样挑出关键词语；开始学习自己用英语思考；从而减少自己的母语对英语学习的干扰！）

从这一段话中，我们不难看出：学习英语最大的障碍是来自于母语的干扰。一个初学者如果一开始就能接受英语的授课方式，那学生不仅能够再学习英语知识的同时掌握语言技巧（如：抓关键词）而且最具有意义的就是，学生已经开始了克服母语干扰，来用英语思维的能力训练！（在此有一个概念需要明确：克服母语的干扰，用英语来思维并不会让学生忘掉母语！）

It is often said that the best way to learn English is to go to Britain or America where you can hear people use the language. This is certainly true. Unfortunately many of our students do not have the chance to go. But they should have the chance to hear their teacher use the language in the classroom and to use it themselves.

中国人最是崇洋媚外！请允许我这样说！很多学生甚至老师都认为：学习英语去英美，加拿大、澳大利亚。没错，我也这样认同！但试问：中国有多少学生去得起？我们中国英语老师面对的问题是：如何帮助没有钱出国的学生掌握流利英语的问题！

下面我们分析一下几种不同的学生：

（1）有足够的钱，可以去英美发达国家学习的学生：对于这种学生，鼓励他们去这样的母语国家练习英语！

（2）没有足够的钱，去不起英美的学生：鼓励他们去菲律宾、新加坡这样的准英语国家练习英语！

（3）没有钱，只能在国内学习英语的学生：尽可能的鼓励他们除了课内学习英语以外，尽可能在社会上参加适合自己的英语辅导班！

（4）根本没有钱，只能在课堂里学习英语的学生：老师尽可能的多说英语，同时老师尽可能的多给学生机会说英语！！

第1、2、3点我们不在此讨论！我们这本书主要是为了帮助中国的英语老师首先要在国内的英语课堂里说英语！

( 通常我们都说：学英语最好的方法就是去英国或美国这些我们可以使用英语的国家。当然这是没错的。可是绝大多数的中国学生是没有机会能去的。然而，学生们也应该有机会在课堂里听到他们的老师使用英语，他们自己也能用英语。)

2．如果教师用英语授课，学生的感受会怎样呢？

Firstly, let’s read the two dialogues between students.

Student A:

My teacher makes us speak English most of the time. It’s fun. Sometimes she tells us in our language but usually we manage OK.

Student B:

Well, my teacher speaks English most of the time too. She speaks very fast. At first we didn't understand, but now we can, even people talking English and on the radio too.

从这两个学生的对话中，我们不难发现：

1．全英文授课，不代表上课的时候完全不能说母语。必要的时候可以用母语做一定的解释。

（如：讲解语法的时候；解释新游戏规则的时候；规范课堂纪律的部分时候等。）

2．如果要学生养成说英语的习惯，首先老师必须养成用英语讲课的习惯。尽管一开始会有困难。（如：学生抱怨“听不懂”“觉得学不到东西”。但是老师绝对不可以以这个为

理由就逐渐的放弃用英语授课！）

那到底老师上课应该怎样用英语来授课呢？如果一上来就用快速的英语满堂灌，学生肯定被吓得不敢说话了。让我们再看一段对话：

Student A:

My teacher speaks English all the time in class, slowly and very clearly. If we can’t understand , she mimes or acts .I understand her alright but the thing is ,I can’t understand anyone else.

Student B:

We never talk English in class. It’s too difficult. I can read. O.K. but I will never learn to speak. Suppose I will have to go to England…

从学生A的谈话中不难看出，英语老师的课堂授课语言应该：slowly and very clearly. 如果遇到学生听不懂的时候，可以mimes or acts. （如果还听不懂，而且学生因为听不懂这一段英文而导致这节课不能继续下去，那这个时候就教师就必须用母语来衔接教学了！）

3．哪些方法可以帮助英语老师来使学生逐渐习惯英语授课的方式呢？

（1）Using gesture while giving instructions and explaining

（2）Demonstrating, miming, and acting

（3）Speaking very slowly and clearly all the time

（4）Speaking simply but with natural stress and intonation

（5）Repeating and paraphrasing, giving students time to think it out for themselves sometimes

（6）Giving lots of examples and using visual aids where possible

（7）Create an English Atmosphere in your classroom：

Skills : Teachers can display anything to do with English language and culture :

（1）当给学生做指示或解释的时候，借助手势等肢体语言；

（2）通过模仿、表演来提示学生，加深理解；

（3）一定要慢而清楚地来说英语；

（4）用自然的语气、语调，使用简单的英语来表达。避免使用冗长的句子。

（5）要不断重复；对于难以理解的生词可以用近义词来解释；要给学生一定的时间来让他们自己思考、理解；

（6）举大量的例子来帮助学生理解；如果可能，还可以使用视听设备作为辅助教学手段。

（7）在教室里创设英语学习的氛围：比如板报、贴图、放映英文电影、卡通等。）

4．How to start using English?

●Stage your language. Gestures and demonstrations should be used to make the meaning

as clear as possible.

●Praise before correction.Neither teachers nor students should worry about small

mistakes. The important thing is the students should understand and be understood.

Praise before correcting students’ mistakes can make students feel keen to try it again

and not be nervous of making mistakes.

●To get students talking.

If you teach a new class with beginners, you can establish a set of standards concerning class procedures and stick to them.

●Complete silence while the teacher is talking, especially when presenting something new.

●Everybody must take part in choral work and keep together.

●Students should not interrupt you if they don’t understand.

●Students should not write unless you ask them to.

在一个英语初级班里，老师要设立一些制度：

●当老师在展示一些新的知识的时候，学生要保持安静；

●做整体训练的时候，每个人都要参与其中；

●学生没有听懂的时候不应该打断老师；

●老师不做书写要求，学生不要做记录，学生应该尽量集中注意力来听；

让我们来看一个例子：一个新老师如何给自己的新班级用英语上第一节课。

T: Good morning, everyone.

Ss: mutter- (学生可能没听懂老师的话，也有部分学生在小声的嘀咕着回答。)

T: Listen.

Good morning, Miss White. OK? (老师用手势来提示学生回答)

I am Miss White. You say it…

Good morning… Miss…White…(用手势做‘一起来说’的动作)

Ss: Good morning, Miss White.

T: Good. Right, I want you to listen. Listening? ( 做听的姿势。)

I’m Miss White and this is Tom.

This is Tom and this is Jane.

Tom. Jane. ( 用手指着这两个学生。)

Can you say their names?

Tom. This is Tom.(用手指着Tom . )

Jane. This is Jane. (用手指着Jane.)

Ss: Tom. This is Tom. Jane. This is Jane.

T: Yes, Good. Very good.

( 这时候，让Tom 和Jane 走到前面来，面对着全体同学。老师面对Jane，指着Tom对Jane 说：) Jane, This is Tom.

(然后老师站到Jane的旁边，面对着Tom, 提示性的问Tom: )

Tom, This is …?

Tom: Jane.

T: Good. You are clever.

(然后，老师站在Tom 和Jane 中间，面对着全体同学说：)

This is Tom, and this is…? (看看全体学生们只不知道接下来说：Jane)

在这个对话中，该教师充分的运用了“重复”的教学原则！当学生听不懂她的问候语时，教师不用着急，先自己扮演不同的角色，通过示范，让学生跟着摹仿。当学生会模仿的时候，给予及时的表扬！

下面我们再看一个发生在中级英语学习者课堂里的对话：

T: Well, good evening, everyone. Nice to see you all here. Let’s introduce ourselves. I’m Mr. Brown, Brown. Look, I will write it for you ….OK? Could you sit in twos, please, like these two. In twos. (老师用手势表示两两坐在一起)

（当学生们两两坐好后，老师开始下面的内容）

T: Right. I want you to introduce yourselves in twos. Listen, like this :

‘I’m Brown,’ and ‘I’m Joe . ’‘Nice to meet you.’ And so on , OK?

(学生如果听不懂，这时候老师可以叫班上一个成绩较好的学生和老师一起做一个示范。)

T: Very good. Well done. Now, will you introduce your friend to me.

You say ‘Mr. Brown, this is…’

S: Mr. Brown , this is Mike. (这个学生指着叫Mike的同学)

T: Good morning, Mike. Nice to meet you.

S: Mr. Brown, this is Judy.

T: Judy, nice to meet you. How old are you , Judy?

Judy: 12.

T: (面对着全体同学) This is Judy. She is twelve. (然后下面就过渡到训练：This is … She/he is…句型了)

在这个对话中：

●该老师使用了一些我们中国老师忽视的语言，比如：“两两一组– in twos ”；同学们在

使用这本书的时候要注意这些语言。

●该老师在一个教学主题里运用了不同程度的方法，逐层递进，逐渐加大难度，但是又相

辅相成。

下面列举了一些课堂教学用语，在您学习下面具体的课堂用语之前，请思考以下几个问题：

1.Do you think you should talk to the teenagers and adults in the same ways as you talk to

the children?

2.What do you usually do when you enter the classroom to begin an English lesson?

3.How long do your students usually take to settle down and tune in to English?

4.How can a short, informal chat at the beginning of an English lesson help your students

to do well in English?

5.What do you say at the beginning of an lesson and what do you expect your students to

say?

需要老师思考的问题：

What would you say to your class if…

(1)it was the first time that you had met them;

(2)one of your students had had her hair cut

(3)one of the boys had a smart new shirt on

(4)one or two students kept answering all the time, giving others no chance to speak

(5)you wanted to start an informal conversation about what students had done over the weekend

(6) a student told you his family had had visitors at the weekend and you wanted to find out more

about them, etc.

you wanted your students to find out from each other what they had been doing during the holidays, so that they could tell you what their friends had done

课堂教学语言汇总

（一）

第一节课上