英语四级备考:定语从句语法

英语四级备考:定语从句语法
英语四级备考:定语从句语法

英语四级备考:定语从句语法

在写作文中,为了凸显考生的英语水平比较好,有些考生也会选择用部分倒装,为了方便大家积累语法知识,老师为大家详细讲解了有关倒装句的内容,希望考生能够认真看一看,用这些倒装句的知识点写出自己的优秀作文。

一、英语倒装句

在现实的语言实践中,由于语法结构的要求,或是由于修辞的需要,往往要改变句子的自然语序,把一些本应置于主语之后的句子成分提到主语之前。我们称这种语序的变化为倒装语序这样的倒装语序可能使句子的内在含义产生细微的、甚至明显的改变。只有注意观察引起倒装的原因,才能更准确地理解句子的含义。为了使句子的某成分突出,我们还会使用强调,而倒装语序大多都用于强调。

英语句子的倒装一是由于语法结构的需要而进行的倒装,二是由于修辞的需要而进行的倒装。前一种情况,倒装是必须的,否则就会出现语法错误;后一种情况,倒装是选择性的,倒装与否只会产生表达效果上的差异。而倒装语序中又有完全倒装和部分倒装,完全倒装相对简单一点。

二、部分倒装

部分倒装指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前,而谓语动词无变化。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词do,does或did,并将其置于主语之前。

1.下列否定词及含有否定意义的词组修饰状语时,若置句首,句子的主谓要部分倒装:never, no, neither, not only, hardly, scarcely, little, seldom, rarely, not until, nowhere, at no time, on no account, in no respect, in no sense, by no means, in no way, no longer, no less, no more, no sooner than, under no circumstances, in vain, still less。

例如:Not only is its direct attack on their discipline, it bypasses the essence of what sociologists focus on. Under no circumstances should we do anything that will benefit ourselves but harm the interests of the state.

2.以only修饰状语开头的句子,句子的主谓要部分倒装

例如:Only when you have obtained sufficient data can you come to a sound conclusion.

3.以下列副词或短语开头的句子,句子的主谓要部分倒装:often, so, well, to such a degree, to such an extent, to such extremes, to such a point,many a time。

例如:So involved with their computers do the children become that leaders at summer computer camps often have to force them to break for sports and games.

三、完全倒装

完全倒桩是指将句子中的谓语全部置于主语之前,通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。句型模式是:谓语+主语+

1.There be/appear/ come,/remain+主语(+地点或时间状语)

例如:There appeared to be a woman in red.那里有个穿红衣服的女人。

2.副词+谓语动词+名词主语+

出于修辞需要,表示方向的副词:out, down, in, up, away, on。

例如:Down jumped the burglar from the tenth floor when he heard someone shouted at him.

出于习惯用法:here, there, now, thus, hence, then。例如:Here comes the taxi.

3.过去分词或现在分词+be的各种形式+主语+

例如:Scattered on the floor were several books and magazines.

四、特殊从句的倒装

1.让步从句的倒装

(1)as引导让步状语从句,必须采用倒装结构,但不是主谓倒装,而是将被强调的内容置于句首。例如:Much as I have traveled, I have never seen anyone to equal her, in thoroughness, whatever the job.

(2)出现在句型be+主语+其他, come what may中。例如:Our civilization has accumulated an incredible amount of knowledgebe it scientific or artistic. The business of each day, be it selling goods or shipping them, went quite smoothly. Come what may, Ill be on your side.

2.比较从句的倒装

as, than引导的比较从句中,如果主语是名词短语且较长,经常采用倒装结构(不倒装也可以)。注意:这种结构主语一般为名词,如果是代词则不倒装。

例如:Hydrogen burns much more cleanly than do other fuels and is easy to produce. Reading is to the mind as is exercise to the body.

以上就是四级倒装句的用法,其实考查较多的还是部分倒装,考生也应该重点关注部分倒装的情形。

大学英语四级考试语法:—定语从句

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高一英语语法定语从句归纳总结.pdf

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大学英语语法与练习——unit14倒装

14. 倒装 倒装句之全部倒装 全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有: 1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, com e, go, lie, run。 There goes the bell. Then came the chairman. Here is your letter. 2) 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首,谓语表示运动的动词。 Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. Ahead sat an old woman. 注意:上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词,如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。 Here he comes. Away they went. 倒装句之全部倒装 全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有: 1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run。 There goes the bell. Then came the chairman. Here is your letter. 2) 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首,谓语表示运动的动词。 Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. Ahead sat an old woman. 注意:上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词,如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。 Here he comes. Away they went. 倒装句之部分倒装

大学英语定语从句汇总

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who指人在从句中做主语 (1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 在踢足球的男孩们是一班的. (2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 昨天,我帮助了一个迷路的老人. whom指人 在定语从句中充当宾语,常省略。(注:who和whom已无太大区别,基本可以通用。唯一区别是who可以做主语而whom不可以。) (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked with on the bus. 刘先生就是在公交车上和你聊天的那个人. (2) Mr. Ling is just the boy(whom)I want to see. 凌先生恰巧就是我想见的那个男孩. (3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 你刚刚见到的那个人就是我的朋友. 注意:关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替,可省略。 如果在从句中做宾语,就用whom或who.比如: He is the man whom/who I talk to. 他就是那个和我聊天的男人. 如果是在从句中作主语就只能用who.比如: He is the man who has an English book. 他就是那个有英语书的男人. whose通常指人也可指物 在定语从句中做定语。 (1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.whose指物时,常用以下结构来代替 (3) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. (4) The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. (5) Do you like the book whose color is yellow? (6) Do you like the book the color of which is yellow? which指物 在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略。 (1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩都喜欢的游戏. (2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天刚买的钢笔.

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(完整版)初中英语定语从句讲解教师版

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