必修三u1基础知识-中

必修三 Unit 1 Festivals around the world

1. 祖先,祖宗ancestor

2. 起源,由来origin

3. 到来,到达者arrival

4. 国家的,民族的national

5. 赢得,获得gain

6. 独立,自主independence

7. 农业的,农艺的agricultural

8. 欧洲的,欧洲人European

9. 集合,聚集,搜集gather

10.风俗,习惯custom 11. 授予,判定award

12. 精力充沛的energetic

13. 衣服clothing

14. 宗教上的,虔诚的religious

15. 每日的,日常的daily

16. 许可,允许permission

17. 愚弄,欺骗fool

18. 溺死,淹没drown

19. .对,双,夫妇couple

20. 明显的,显而易见的obvious

1. 发生,举行take place

2. 饿死starve to death

3. 缺乏, 渴望,极需starve for sth

4. 对…满意be satisfied with..

5. 使某人满意的是to one’s satisfaction

6. 许多,大量的plenty of

7. 导致,通向.. lead to …

8. 为了纪念…in memory of …

9. 打扮,装饰dress up

10. 穿着be dressed in…

11. 开某人的玩笑play a trick on …

12. 欺骗某人做…trick sb. into doing …

13. 一到达就…on one’s arrival 14. 授/颁奖给某人award a prize to sb.

15. 因某事而羡慕某人admire sb. for sth.

16. 期望,期待,盼望look forward to

17. 日夜,昼夜day and night

18. 好像,似乎as if / as though

19. 即使even if / even though

20. 与某人玩得开心have fun with sb.

21. 未经允许/同意without permission

22. 出现,到场turn up

23. 守信用,履行诺言keep one’s word

24. 某人做…是愚蠢的. It’s foolish of sb. to do..

25. 欺骗某人做…fool sb. into doing …

26. 屏息,屏气hold one’s breath

27. 上气不接下气be out of breath

28. 原谅某人某事forgive sb. for sth.29. 因某事向某人道歉apologize to sb. for sth. make an apologize to sb. for sth..

1. They celebrated when they had food, because they would starve if food was difficult to find. starve

vi.

1)饿死，挨饿

The explorers starved to death in the desert.

Millions of people starved to death during the war.

3)【口】饿得慌

Let's get something to eat; I'm starving.

4)渴望;极需要[(+for)][+to-v]

The plants are starving for water.

这些植物极需要水。

vt. 1)使饿死,使挨饿

2)以饥饿迫使[(+into)] They starved the enemy into submission.

他们切断敌军粮援而迫其投降。

3)以节食治疗 She's starving herself to try to lose weight.

她用节食疗法试图减肥

★starvation n.

★die of starvation: starve to d eath

★starvation wages 不够维持基本生活的工资

2. To honour the dead, or satisfy and please the ancestors, who could return either to help or to do harm.

Will you honour me with a visit 如蒙造访，十分荣幸。

◆honourable guests 贵宾

★honour （不可数名词）

show honour to sb＝ show respect to sb.

do sb honour/ do honour to sb

in honour of 为纪念，为庆祝 They held a state funeral in honour of the statesman.

他们为这位政治家举行了国葬。

★honour （可数名词）

Liu Xiang is an honour to our country.

2). satisfy 使满意

The government tries its best to satisfy people’s needs.

☆satisfaction n. 满意、令人满意的人/物

☆satisfied (人)感到满意的

☆satisfying/ satisfactory (物)令人满意的

The teacher was satisfied with his satisfying/satisfactory answer.

你的工作让我很满意。 Your work satisfies me. v.

I am satisfied with your work. adj.

the graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors; light lamps and play music because they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth; offer food, flowers and gifts to the dead …

1). in memory of= as a way of remembering

in memory of / to the memory of

The museum was built in memory of the famous scientist.

memory -- memorize

2)…lead the ancestors back to earth.

lead sb to some place

lead to:引领；导致

lead / live a … life （使）过着… 的生活

Please lead us to a place without poverty or starvation. 请带我们去一个没有贫穷没有饥饿的地方。

What led you to think that I was the owner of this house.什么使得你以为我是这屋子的主人。

This will lead to great trouble.

这将导致极大的麻烦。

In the old days, people le d a dog’s life.

在旧社会，人们过着穷苦的生活。

3) offer v. / n.

＊offer sth (for sth) 提供/ 供奉某物(give to God)

＊offer sth to sb (for sth)=offer sb sth (for sth)

＊offer to do sth

? He offered a prayer for the return of his health.? He offered me 2,000 dollars for the car.

? They offered a new proposal.

4. take place:

比较： happen come about break out

take place 指事先计划或预想到的事情发生

happen 指客观事物偶然或未能预见地发生

break out 仅用于负面场合

come about 中性词，发生，产生

★happen to

1. sth happen to sb

I happened to see her yesterday.

Exercise 根据句意, 用所给的词或词组的最恰当形式填空(注意有多余选项)

He means __________by saying what he thinks.

This misunderstanding _________ a war between the two countries.

Sam used to be a spy ___________ a journalist.

The Spring Festival in China ______________ an activity to drive off the “Nian”, a wild beast. Don’t ____________ me; I’m not a fool.

He ended the letter with “____________ seeing you soon”.

The parents __________________ their child’s success.

What time are you planning to __________ tomorrow

Father bought a Christmas tree ____________ coloured lights a week ago.

We have never discovered what _____________ between the couple that day.

速效基础演练

1．In some parts of London, missing a bus means ______ for another hour.

A. waiting

B. to wait

C. wait

D. to be waiting

2. The model workers were _____ all their medals.

A. putting

B. dressing

C. wearing

D. putting on

3. why haven’t you bought any butter

--- I _______ to, but I forgot about it.

A. liked

B. wished

C. meant

D. expected

4. As we know, the 2012 Olympic Games will _____ in London, Britain.

A. take place

B. be taken place

C. happen

D. hold

----shall we take it

A. provided

B. supplied

C. shown

D. offered

6. Tricks are often ______ those who don’t look clever or smart.

A. laughed at

B. greeted

C. played on

D. made to

7. The cruel slave owner ______ the poor slave ____ death.

A. starved; to

B. made; to

C. starved;/

D. made; /

8. Don’t ________ by smoking too much; everybody knows smoking is _______.

A. harm yourself; harm

B. do harm; harmful

C. do harm; harmful

D. harm yourself; harmful

9. Will you honor me ___ a visit

A. with

B. on

C. in honor of

D. because of

10. There is a party tonight _____ our new English teachers, Mrs Mclaughin.

A. thanks to

B. in place of

C. in honor of

D. because of

KEY: ACCAD CADAC

Exercise

1. no harm

2. led to

3. in the shape of

4. has its origin as

5. play a trick on

6. Looking/ Look forward to

7. are/were proud of

8. set off

9. decorated with 10. took place

KEY：1-10: BCBCA DDABD 11-15: DACCB

巩固提高：

Different things usually stand for different feelings. Red, for example, is the color of fire, heat, blood and life. People say red is an exciting and active color. They associate（使发生联系）red with a strong feeling like 1 . Red is used for signs of 2 , such as STOP signs and fire engines. Orange is the bright, warm color of 3 in autumn. People say orange is a 4 color. They associate orange with happiness. Yellow is the color of __5__. People say it is a cheerful color. They associate yellow too, with happiness. Green is the cool color of grass in __6__. People say it is a refreshing color. In general, people __7__ two groups of colors: warm colors and cool colors. The warm colors are red, orange and __8__. Where there are warm color and a lot of light, people usually want to be __9__. Those who like to be with __10 _ like red. The cool colors are __11_ and blue. Where are these colors, people are usually worried. Some scientists say that time seems to __12 _ more slowly in a room with warm colors. They suggest that a warm color is a good __13_ for a living room or a __14_ . People who are having a rest or are eating do not want time to pass quickly. __15 colors are better for some offices if the people working there want time to pass quickly.

1. A. sadness B. anger C. administration D. smile

2. A. roads B. ways C. danger D. places

3. A. land B. leaves C. grass D. mountains

4. A. lively B. dark C. noisy D. frightening

5. A. moonlight B. light C. sunlight D. stars

6. A. summer B. spring C. autumn D. winter

7. A. speak B. say C. talk about D. tell

8. A. green B. yellow C. white D. gray

9. A. calm B. sleepy C. active D. helpful

10. A. the other B. another C. other one D. others

11. A. black B. green C. golden D. yellow

12. A. go round B. go by C. go off D. go along

13. A. one B. way C. fact D. matter

14. A. factory B. classroom C. restaurant D. hospital

KEY： BCBAC BCBCD ABBCB