《》之英美概况简答题完整版
UK I
1.What is the full name of the United Kingdom?
?the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
its short term :UK: the United Kingdom
2.What are the other names?
?Great Britain ,its short term: G.B. GB
Britain, England,
3.What are the two large islands that make up the British Isles?
Great Britain and Ireland
4.What are the four political divisions of the United Kingdom?
Britain: England, Scotland and Wales and Northern Ireland
5.What’s its respective capital（首府）?
?England: London
Scotland: Edinburgh
Wales：Cardiff
Northern Ireland: Belfast.
6.What’s the national anthem?
God Save the Queen/King
7.What’s its national flower?
Rose
8.What’s its national flag?
The Union Jack
9.What’s its nickname?
J o h n B u l l.
UK 2
1.What kind of country is Britain in terms of its geographical feature?
2.Which river is most important in Britain?
3.Can you tell me something about the location of Britain?
4.What’s the climate like in Britain? Why do British people talk about weather very
often?
5.What are the symbols of England?
6.Can you list some landmarks of London?
7.What are the symbols of Scotland?
Keys:
? 1. An island country
? 2. The Thames River
? 3. It lies in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north coast of Europe. It is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the south and the North Sea in
the east.
? 4. Britain has a maritime climate------winters are not too cold and summers are not too hot. It has a steady reliable rainfall throughout the whole year. The temperature varies within a small range. That’s why British people talk about weather a lot.
? 5. The royal policeman, Royal Coat of Arms(皇家徽章), Black Taxi, Foot Guard, Life Guard, Double Decker Bus ,Union Flag , Big Ben
? 6. Tower of London, London Eye, the Buckingham Palace, St Paul's Cathedral, Tower Bridge
?7. Edinburgh, Edinburgh International Arts Festival, Tartan, Whiskey, Bagpipe, golf UK 3
1.Tell some symbols of Wales?
2.Tell some symbols of Northern Ireland?
3.Talk about some famous people in different parts of UK.
4.The British are mainly made up of _____, ____, _____, and ____.
5.Describe the character of the British people briefly.
6.Who are the ancestors of the English and who are the ancestors of Scots, Welsh
and Irish?
7.How many stages are British history divided into during the formation of the nation?
How long is it?
8.What are the stages specifically?
9.The earliest known settlers on the British Isles were ________.
10.Christianity was first brought to England by ________.
Keys:
● 1. Saint David, Cardiff, Prince of Wales, Eisteddfoudau, Castles
● 2. The Lough Neagh, The Giant’s Causeway
● 3. William Shakespeare William Wordsworth
Robert Burns Catherine Zeta-Jones William Butler Yeats Seamus Heaney
● 4. England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland
● 5. They are generally reserved /conservative in manners, dress and speech. They
are famous for their politeness, self-discipline and especially for their sense of
humour.
6.The ancestors of the English are Anglo-saxons
while the ancestors of the Scots, the Welsh and the Irish are Celts
7. 5 stages.
I. Prehistoric Britain 5000 BC (the early settlers of Britain---the Iberian )
II. Roman Britain 43 AD
III. Anglo Saxon Britain 450
IV. Viking and Danish Britain 793
V. Medieval Britain/The Norman Conquest 1066
8.This period of history covers over 6000 years long. That is, from 5000 BC to 1066
AD.
9.Iberians
10.Romans
UK 4
1. The earliest known settlers on the British Isles were ____. Iberians
2. Christianity was first brought to England by ________. The Romans
3. Who were the invaders during the fifth century?
The Angles and the Saxons
4.Do you know the Norman conqueror’s name?
William the Norman
5. The Parliament became a regular agency of the government under ________.
Edward I
6.Why was the War of Roses so called?
Because the war was between he Lancastrians, whose symbol was a red rose, and the Yorkists, whose symbol was a white rose.
7. Why was “Glorious Revolution” so called?
The revolution (1688) was glorious because it was bloodless.
8. Who was the first prime minister in English history?
Sir Robert Walpole
UK 5
? 1. What is the basis of the British government?
? 2. Who is the head of the country?
? 3. Who is the present sovereign of the UK?
? 4. How many parts make the British Parliament? And what are they?
? 5.What is the president of the House of Lords called?
? 6. What are the two major parties?
?7. Who presides the cabinet?
?8. Who has the real power in the country?
?9. Who is the present Prime Minister of the UK?
?10. Where does the Prime Minister live and work?
?Keys:
? 1. constitutional monarchy
? 2. a queen or a king
? 3. Elizabeth II
? 4. Three. They are the sovereign, the House of Lords, the House of Commons
? 5. Lord Chancellor
? 6. the Conservative Party and the Labor Party
?7. the Prime Minister
?8. the Prime Minister
?9. David Cameron
?10. No.10, Downing Street
US 1
?. How do you know about the different names of USA?
? 2. What’s its national flag?
? 3.How do you know the meaning of its national flag?
? 4. What’s the nickname of American people?
? 5. What’s its national anthem(国歌)?
? 6. There are many things that symbolize American culture, could you say some of them? No less than 10 items
Keys:
1.the United States of America;US; U.S. USA; U.S.A
2.The Stars and Stripes, Old Glory, The Starry Banner
3.The stripes symbolize the 13 colonies that originally constituted the United States of
America. The stars represent the 50 states of the Union.
4.Uncle Sam
5.The Star-Spangled Banner 《星条旗永不落》
US 2
1.Where is the US? Could you tell me its boundary ?
2.How large is it?
3.What’s its rank respectively all over the world concerning to its area and population?
4.How many states are there in the mainland of the United States?
5.And which two states are geographically separated from the other?
6.What is the capital of the US?
Can you say some of its
tourist attractions? 4 or more
7. 2 of the most important mountains of the US are__________ and ________.
8.“Father of Waters” refers to __________ River.
9.The _______ River has been called the American Ruhr(德国鲁尔河) .
10.______ forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the United States.
The Rio Grande River(格兰德河) The Mississippi River
The Ohio River The Columbia River
11.The 5 Great Lakes are_______, ______, _________, ________ and _______.
12.How many geographical regions is it divided into?
13.What are the major cities in USA?
Keys:
1. The United States is situated in the central part of North America with its two youngest states. The Continental United States stretches 4,500km from the Atlantic Ocean on the east to the Pacific Ocean on the west
It borders_Canada on the north and reaches south to Mexico and Gulf of Mexico
2. The U. S has a land area of 9. 3 million square kilometres.
3. It is the fourth largest country in the world in size after Russia，Canada and China.
It is the third most populous country in the world after China and India.
4. 48
5.Alaska and Hawaii
6. Washington D.C.
U.S. Capitol, Washington Monument, Civil War Memorial; Jefferson Memorial, Lincoln Memorial
7. Appalachian Mountains and the Rocky mountains
8. “Father of Waters” refers to the Mississippi River.
9. The Ohio River has been called the American Ruhr .
10. The Rio Grande River forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the United
States.
11. The 5 Great Lakes are Lake Superior, Lake Michigan, Lake Huron, Lake Eire and Lake Ontario.
. 12. It is divided into 7 geographical regions.
1) New England 新英格兰地区
2) Atlantic and Gulf Coast Plain大西洋和海湾平原
3)Appalachian Mountain Belt阿帕拉契山区
4)Interior Lowlands沿岸低地
5)Rocky Mountain Belt落基山区
6)Southwest西南地区
7)Pacific Coast太平洋海岸地区
14.New York City, Chicago, Los Angeles, Philadelphia, Houston, Boston, Detroit
US3
1.What’s the climate like in USA?
2.Why is USA called a melting pot?
3.Why is USA called a nation on wheels?
4.What are American people like in terms of the character?
https://www.360docs.net/doc/a89026803.html, who’s who 名人录in America (presidents, writers, scientists, actors or
actress and so on. )
Keys
1．4 kinds of climate on the continental USA
1）The north-eastern part of the country has a humid continental climate（湿润的大陆性气候）.
2）The south-eastern United States has a humid subtropical climate. （湿润的亚热带气候）
3）The Pacific northwest has a maritime climate海洋性气候)
4）The southern part of the Pacific coast in California has a Mediterranean climate （地中海式气候）with warm, dry summers and moist winters.
2. The melting pot means that people with different cultural and ethnical backgrounds
immigrate to the United States, live together, get mixed and build up this culture that is called American culture today.
3. Cars are an important part of life in the United States. The car made the United States
a nation on wheels. 1 in 5 Americans moves to a new home every year seeking new job
opportunity, a better climate of other goals.
4. American characterrespect of individual rights
religious tolerance
a strong spirit of individual enterprise
US 3
? 1. The first immigrants in American history came from ____ and ____.
? 1. England / the Netherlands
? 2. Uncle Tom’s Cabin and Roots are two novels which give a vivid description of the miserable life of the _____.
? 2. black slaves
? 3. According to American historians and specialists in demography人口学, there are _____ great population movement in the history of the United States.
? 3. four
4. In ______, the Pilgrims sailed to the New World in a ship called ______.
4. 1620, Mayflower
5. Traditionally, the mainstream Americans were called WASPs, that is, ______
5. White Anglo-Saxon Protestants.
US 4
1. The inhabitants prior to the arrival of the Europeans are now called____________. Native Americans
2.____________________________________ is commonly regarded as the discoverer of America. Christopher Columbus, an Italian navigator
3. The first successful English settlement in America was ____________ in 1607. Jamestown
4.On ____________, in the Second Continental congress, ___________________________ was declared, which was primarily written by ______________-___.
July4, 1776, The Declaration of Independence,Thomas Jefferson
5. The first president of the United States was _________________ under the new US Constitution. George Washington
6. In 1803, the United States paid $15 million to buy 828,000 square miles of land west of the Mississippi from France, this is called _____________. Louisiana Purchase
7. In the year _______, after ______________ was elected President, the South seceded to establish a rebel government, _______________. 1861, Abraham Lincoln, The Confederate States of America
8. The _________________ was the beginning of the __________________ in the late 1920s and 1930s. President Roosevelt’s (FDR) _______ measures was to ________________________.
stock market crash, Great Depression, New Deal, save American democracy and the capital system
9.The United States declared war against Japan after its surprise attack on
____________-_ on December 7,1941.
Pearl Harbor
10. The United States dropped two atomic bombs on ________ and Nagasaki in August 1945, thus hastened the unconditional surrender of Japan.
Hiroshima
11. After WWII, the United States became one of the two dominant
_____________, and the _____________ began.
Superpowers, Cold War
US 5
1.W h a t i s c a l l e d f e d e r a l i s m?
T h e d i v i s i o n o f p o w e r b y a c o n s t i t u t i o n b e t w e e n t h e c e n t r a l g o v e r n m e n t a n d s t a t e
g o v e r n m e n t.
2.W h a t i s S e p a r a t i o n o f P o w e r s?
I t m e a n s c o n s t i t u t i o n a l d i v i s i o n o f p o w e r s a m o n g t h e l e g i s l a t i v e,e x e c u t i v e a n d j u d i c i a l
b r a n
c h e s.
3.C a n y o u t e l l t h e t w o h o u s e s t h a t m a k e u p t h e A m e r i c a n C o n g r e s s?H o w m a n y
m e m b e r s i n e a c h h o u s e?
T h e H o u s e o f R e p r e s e n t a t i v e s(435m e m b e r s)a n d t h e S e n a t e(100m e m b e r s)m a k e u p t h e U S C o n g r e s s(l e g i s l a t u r e).
4.T e l l t h e t w o m a j o r p a r t i e s i n t h e U.S.a n d t h e i r s y m b o l s.
D e m o c r a t s&R e p u b l i c a n s
D e m o c r a t s–d o n k e y
R e p u b l i c a n s–e l e p h a n t
5.W h a t i s a n e l e c t o r a l c o l l e g e?
A g r o u p o f p e o p l e(e l e c t o r s)c h o s e n f r o m e a c h s t a t e a n d D.C.t o f o r m a l l y e l e c t t h e P r e s i d e n t a n d V i c e P r e s i d e n t.
6.W h i c h p r e s i d e n t a b o l i s h e d s l a v e r y i n h i s t e n u r e?
T h e16t h
p r e s i d e n t--A b r a h a m L i n c o l n.
7.W h o i s t h e o n l y p r e s i d e n t s e r v i n g m o r e t h a n t w o t e r m s i n A m e r i c a n h i s t o r y?
F r a n k l i n R o o s e v e l t.
8.W h o i s t h e f i r s t b l a c k A m e r i c a n p r e s i d e n t?
B a r a c k O b a m a
U K L I t e r a t u r e
1. Who is the greatest dramatist in English history? List at least four of his major works.
William Shakespeare
The Merchant of V enice; Hamlet; Othello; King
Lear; Macbeth; Romeo and Juliet…
2. Which play is regarded as a milestone in
Shakespeare’s dramatic development? “To be
or not to be: that is the question”is the line in
the play.
Hamlet
3. What makes Shakespeare so famous?
His great understanding of human nature and his
ability to find universal human qualities and to put
them in dramatic situations.
4. What makes a play a masterpiece?
The ideas behind the play are about problems which
are still important to people of different ages in
modern times.
US LIterautre
1. What do you know about some important writers in
American literature? List at least four.
Mark Twain; Earnest Hemingway; Irvin Shaw; O’
Neil
2.List some masterpieces of Mark Twain and Earnest Hemingway.
Mark Twain: The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn ,
Earnest Hemingway: The Old and the Sea, The Sun Also rises
英美概况期末考试名词解释整理
The industrial revolution refers to the mechanization of industry and the consequent changes in social and economic organization in Britain in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Britain was the first country to industrialize. The industrial revolution A period in the late 18th and early 19th centuries when major changes in agriculture, manufacturing, production, and transportation had a profound effect on the socioeconomic and cultural conditions in Britain. The Industrial Revolution, was a period of unprecedented technological, economic and social change that completely transformed British culture from a largely rural, static society with limited production and division of labour into the world's first modern industrial society. the Black Death It was the deadly bubonic plague who spread through Europe in the 14th century. It swept through England without warning and any cure, and sparing no victims. It killed between half and one-third of the population of England. Thus, much land was left untended and labor was short. It caused far-reaching economic consequences. The Black Death----It was one of the deadliest pandemics in human history, peaking in Europe between 1348 and 1350. It is widely thought to have been an outbreak of bubonic plague caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestisis and have started in Central Asia. It came without warning, and without any cue.The Black Death is estimated to have killed30% to 60% of Europe's population and had profound effects on the course of European history. In England, it killed almost half of the total population, causing far-reaching economic consequences. the Progressive Movement The Progressive Movement is a movement demanding government regulation of the economy and social conditions. It spread quickly with the support of large numbers of people across the country. It was not an organized campaign with clearly defined goals.(Rather, it was a number of diverse efforts at political, social, and economic reforms. In spite of limitations of the movement, it brought about changes and improvement in many fields.) Roman Britain was the part of the island of Great Britain controlled by the Roman Empire between AD 43 and about 410. Britannia already had cultural and economic links with Continental Europe, but the invaders introduced new developments in agriculture, urbanisation, industry and architecture, leaving a legacy that is still apparent today. The first Romans to campaign extensively in Britain were
英国部分英美概况汇总题库
The United Kingdom I. Multiple Choice 1. The was “the greatest progressive revolution that mankind had so far experienced, a time which called for giants and produced giants—giants in power of thought, passion, and character, in universality and learning”(Engels). a. Renaissance b. Industrial Revolution c. Reformation d. Bourgeois Revolution 2. is regarded as the first English Prime Minster. a.D uke of Willington b.William Gladstone c.Benjamin Disraeli d.Sir Robert Walpole 3. The official head of Parliament is . a. the Prime Minister b. the Monarch c. the Speaker d. the Chancellor 4. The present sovereign of Britain is . a. Elizabeth I b. Elizabeth II
c. Elizabeth III d. Edward II 5. is a day to commemorate the crucifixion of Jesus Christ. a. Christmas b. Good Friday c. Easter Monday d. Boxing Day 6. published his book On the Origin of Species which caused a stir in Victorian times. a. Adam Smith b. Charles Darwin c. Thomas More d. Francis Bacon 7. The largest section of Great Britain is . a. Scotland b. Wales c. England d. Northern Ireland 8. The Lake District is well known for . a. its wild and beautiful scenery b. its varied lakes c. the Lake Poets
英美概况简答论述题答案
dotourists from all over the world like to go to Scotland They like to enjoy the beautiful Scottish scenery, to drink Scotch whisky and to see Scotsmen wearing kilts and playing bagpipes. were the results of the Industrial Revolution in Britain The Industrial Revolution changed Britain in many ways. First, industrial productivity increased dramatically. Britain became the most advanced industrial country and also the financial center in the world. Second, urbanization took place. Many new cities sprang up. Third, it caused great changes in the class structure. The old social classes declined, and new ones emerged and developed. Rise and Fall of the British Empire. Colonization of Newfoundland, the first Britain colony overseas, in 1583 marked the beginning of the British Empire. By 1837, Britain had long been an empire which included the colonies in Canada, Australia, New Zealand, India and many small states in the West Indies. By the end of the 19th century, the Britain Empire included a quarter of the global population and nearly a quarter of the world’s landmass. During the mid-19th century, the Britain government consolidated the existing colonies by bringing them under the direct control of the government. Before World War I, Britain had the largest colonial empire in the world. However, Britain suffered great loss to its manpower in the two World Wars and exhausted its reserves of gold, dollars and overseas investment. Most of Britain’s colonies gained indepependence since the 1940s, which inevitably led to the fall of the Empire. are the three functions of the House of Commons The three functions are: to draft laws, to scrutinize, criticize and restrain the activities of the government, and to influence future government policy. is the Commonwealth of Nations The Commonwealth of Nations is a voluntary association of independent sovereign states, all of which acknowledge the British monarch as the head. The Commonwealth is not a political union of any sort, and its member states have full autonomy to manage their internal and external affairs. It is primarily an organization in which countries with diverse economic backgrounds have an opportunity for close and equal interaction after gaining independence. The major activities of the Commonwealth are designed to advocate democracy, human rights, and to promote economic cooperation and growth within its members. were the major causes of Britain’s relative economic decline in the postwar period First, Britain suffered great losses in the two World Wars and had gone heavily into debt to finance the war. Second, the era of the Britain Empire was over. India and other British colonies, which provided raw material and large market for Britain goods, gained their independence. Third, Britain was forced to maintain an expensive military presence in many overseas locations until the end of 1960s. Fourth, Britain had to make substantial financial contributions to NATO and UN Security Council. Finally, Britain failed to invest in industry after World War II whereas its competitors like Germany and Japan caught up with Britain by investing in the most modern equipment and means of production.
英语国家概况(2)期末模拟试卷A
英语国家概况（2）期末模拟试卷A ⅠThere are 20 questions in this part. Each question is followed by four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the correct answer to each of the questions and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points) 1.The following were the founding fathers of the American Republic except _____. A Thomas Jefferson B George Washington C William Penn D Benjamin Franklin n 2.Which of the following statement was NOT correct? When the War of Independence was over, _____. A each new state had its own government B each new state made its own laws and handled all of its internal affairs C the national government was called the Congress with little power D the relationships between the states and the national government were clearly defined 3.Service industry does not include ____. A banking B management consultation C airline D steelmaking 4.Three of the following authors were Nobel Prize winner except _____. A Ernest Hemingway B Eugene O’Neill C William Faulkner D F. Scott Fitzgerald 5. ____ invented the telephone. A Samuel R.B. Morse B Alexander Graham Bell C Thomas Alva Edison D Reginald Fessenden 6.The main mountain range in the west of US stretching from the Canadian border to New Mexico is ____. A The Appalachian Mountains B The Rocky Mountains C The Green Mountains D The Blue Ridge Mountains 7.Both public and private universities in the U.S. depend on the following sources of income except____. A investment B student tuition C endowments D government funding 8.____ was NOT written by Hemingway? A Light in August B The Sun Also Rises C A farewell to Arms D For Whom the Bell Tolls 9.In the United States school system, which of the following divisions is true? A Elementary school, grammar school B Elementary school, junior high school C Elementary school, secondary school D junior high school, senior high school 10.Which of the following does NOT belong to the white-collar crime? A bribery B tax evasion C false advertising D robbery 11.Which of the following was written by Thoreau? A Nature B Walden
英美概况考试试题集
英语专业考研英美概况自测题（一） British Survey Test Part I Geography 1. The total area of the U.K. is _____. A. 211,440 B. 244,110 C. 241,410 D. 242,534 2. England occupies the _____ portion of the U.K. A. northern B. eastern C. southern 3. The most important part of the U.K. in wealth is _____. A. Northern Ireland B. England C. Scotland 4. _____ is on the western prominence between the Bristol Channel and the Dee estuary. A. Wales B. Scotland C. England 5. Wales was effectively united with England in the _____ century. A. 14th B. 15th C. 16th 6. By the Act of Union of _____ Scotland and the kingdom of England and Wales were constitutionally joined as the Kingdom of Britain. A. 1707 B. 1921 C. 1801 7. Physiographically Britain may be divided into _____ provinces. A. 13 B. 12 C. 14 8. Mt. Ben Nevis stands in _____. A. the Scottish Highlands B. Wales C. England 9. The main rivers parting in Britain runs from _____. A. north to south B. south to north C. east to west 10. Cheviot hills lie along the border between _____ and England. A. Scotland B. Wales C. Vale of Eden 11. The longest river in Britain is _____. A. Severn B. Clyde C. Bann 12. London is situated on the River of _____. A. Parret B. Thames C. Spey 13. Edinburgh is the capital of _____. A. England B. Scotland C. Wales 14. The rivers flowing into the _____ are mainly short. A. North Sea B. English Channel C. Dee estuary 15. Mt. Snowdon stands in _____. A. Scotland B. Wales C. England 16. The source of the important River Thames is in the _____. A. Cotswolds B. Oxford Clay C. Pennines 17. About _____ of the water requirements are obtained from underground sources. A. 50% B. 38% C. 42% 18. Gaelic is mainly spoken in _____. A. Scotland B. England C. Northern Ireland 19. The Bank of England was nationalized in _____. A. 1964 B. 1946 C. 1694
《英美概况》复习题与参考答案
2011英美文化与国家概况期末考试填空与简答复习题 1.Of all these isles, the largest one is called Great Britain. For the sake of convenience, Great Britain is often shortened to Britain. 2.United Kingdom is made up of four parts, England, Wales,ScotlandandNorthern Ireland. 3.The island of Great Britain can be divided into two parts according to its geographic features: the Highland Zone in the north and west and the Lowland zone in the south and southeast. 4.In America, The presiding officer of the senate is the Vice-president of the United States who serves as chairman when the Senate is in session. 5.Britain did not produce cotton and textile industry used to rely on wool as the principal fiber. 6.In Britain, the city Birmingham is well known for its production of automobiles, electricity equipment, electronics, munitions, and arms. 7.British government is produced through contest between two major political parties every five years 8.British can enjoy higher education in three ways:
张奎武《英美概况》笔记及习题(美国文学)【圣才出品】
第7章美国文学 7.1 复习笔记 I. A General Introduction II. Fiction III. Poetry IV. Drama I. A General Introduction (简要介绍) 1. The history of American literature is comparatively short, roughly about 200 years. 美国文学的历史很短，大约200年。 2. Many famous writers have earned great fame in the world, such as Walt Whitman, Mark Twain, Theodore Dreiser, and Ernest Hemingway. 很多著名作家已赫然立于世界文坛之上。例如惠特曼、马克·吐温、西奥多·德莱赛和欧内斯特·海明威。 II. Fiction (小说) 1. America did not have its fiction until Washington Irving. 美国的小说从华盛顿·欧文开始。
2. American contemporary literature has continued to undergo healthy development in producing new forms and new language. 美国的现代文学继续健康发展，不断涌现出新的形式和新的语言。 3. In 1990s, American literature takes much newer directions and varieties in quality. 20世纪90年代，美国文学呈现出很多新的趋势和种类。 4. There appeared some famous fiction writers in American literature. 美国文学史上出现了很多著名的小说家。 (1) Washington Irving (1783—1859) (华盛顿·欧文) ①Regarded as the “father of American literature”, Washington Irving was the first American to achieve international literary reputation. ②His most famous story “Rip Van Winkle”helps Irving earn great fame in the literary world. ①华盛顿·欧文是第一个在国际上享有盛誉的美国作家，被称为“美国文学之父”。 ②他最著名的故事是“瑞普·凡·温克尔”，使欧文在文学界获得很高的名望。 (2) Nathaniel Hawthorne(1804—1864) (纳撒尼尔·霍桑) ①Hawthorne is a famous American writer in romantic fiction and a pioneer in psychological description. ②His most famous novel is The Scarlet Letter. ①霍桑是美国浪漫主义小说的著名作家，也是心理描写方面的先驱。 ②他最著名的小说是《红字》。 (3) Mark Twain(1835—1910) (马克·吐温)
《英美概况》教学大纲
《英美概况》教学大纲 课程编号：12307058 课程名称：英美概况 学时分配：36学时，2-19 学分：2分 考核方式：考查，闭卷 课程类别：专业限选课 面向对象：外事二年级学生 一、课程的任务和目的： 《英美概况》是介绍英语国家社会与文化入门的一门课程。开设本课的目的在于使学生通过学习，了解英美国家的历史、地理、社会、经济、政治、教育等方面的情况及其文化传统，内容庞杂、信息量大。 培养学生正确分析有关英美等国问题的能力，并能以正确的眼光看待世界上所发生的问题，提高学生对文化差异的敏感性、宽容性和处理文化差异的灵活性，培养学生跨文化交际能力。把学生培养成为高素质的人才，同时又能爱祖国、热爱社会主义，致力为祖国的繁荣、发达而努力的人才，培养学生树立正确世界观。 同时，通过课文的学习和各种练习的实践，达到提高英语水平的目的。通过比较学习不同文化中具有特殊文化涵义的词语与表达式，可以促使学生掌握一些特殊词语的深层次意义，是对词汇的学习以及翻译水平的提高的有益补充；通过开展中外文化的比较，让学生切身感受到成功的交际仅有语言是远远不够的，文化方面的因素有时所起的作用远远大于语言本身，必将为英语学习者成功地参与国际商务活动，更有效地进行国际合作与交流打下坚实的文化基础。
二、课程的基本要求： 要求熟悉英语国家的地理、历史、发展现状、文化传统、风俗习惯，具有较强的跨文化交际意识。 三、课程的主要内容： 主要包括英美两国的地理、历史、政体制度、教育、新闻媒体、风俗习惯等内容，目的在于开阔学生的视野，扩大他们的知识面，并注意借鉴最新研究成果，合理吸收最新知识，进一步增强其实用性。 四、课程教学内容与要求 第一章：美国简况（国家的组成、国土等）（2学时） 教学要求：通过教学使学生掌握美国地理简况：国家的基本组成，国土等。以及美国国家形成的基本历史发展过程。 教学重点：美国国家形成过程中产生的几个重要的历史事件。 教学难点：分析并了解American Revolution产生的原因。
英语国家概况试卷
内蒙古广播电视大学2010-2011学年度 第二学期《英语国家概况1》期末试题 ⅠThere are 20 questions in this part. Each question is followed by four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the correct answer to each of the questions and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points) 1.The following were the founding fathers of the AmericanRepublic except _____. A Thomas Jefferson B George Washington C William Penn D Benjamin Franklin 2.Which of the following statement was NOT correct? When the War of Independence was over, _____. A each new state had its own government B each new state made its own laws and handled all of its internal affairs C the national government was called the Congress with little power D the relationships between the states and the national government were clearly defined 3.Service industry does not include ____. A banking B management consultation C airline D steelmaking 4.Three of the following authors were Nobel Prize winner except _____. A Ernest Hemingway B Eugene O’Neill C William Faulkner D F. Scott Fitzgerald 5. ____ invented the telephone. A Samuel R.B. Morse B Alexander Graham Bell C Thomas Alva Edison D Reginald Fessenden 6.The main mountain range in the west of US stretching from the Canadian border to New Mexico is ____. A The Appalachian Mountains B The Rocky Mountains C The Green Mountains D TheBlue Ridge Mountains 7.Both public and private universities in the U.S. depend on the following sources of income except____. A investment B student tuition C endowments D government funding 8.____ was NOT written by Hemingway? A Light in August B The Sun Also Rises C A farewell to Arms D For Whom the Bell Tolls 9.In the United States school system, which of the following divisions is true? A Elementary school, grammar school B Elementary school, junior high school C Elementary school, secondary school D junior high school, senior high school 10.Which of the following does NOT belong to the white-collar crime? A bribery B tax evasion C false advertising D robbery 11.Which of the following was written by Thoreau? A Nature B Walden C The Scarlet Letter D The Fall of the House Usher 密 封 线 内 不 要 写 参 考 内 容 《英语国家概况1》第1页 共6页 《英语国家概况1》第2页 共6页
新编英美概况 许鲁之(第四版)Unit1-7课后习题简答题答案.
Unit 1 Geographical Features and Natural Resources 1. How many states are there in the United States? And which two states are geographically separated from the others? (50, Alaska, Hawaii) 2. What are the general characters of the Rocky Mountains and the Appalachian Mountains. 1) To the west of Atlantic coastal plain lie the Appalachian Mountains that begin in Canada and reach all the way to Georgia and Alabama. These are old mountains with rounded tops and wooded hills, usually not exceeding 800m in height. The highest point is only 2000m above the sea. Most of the mountain ridges are low enough to be easily crossed by modern highways. The Appalachians have much beautiful scenery and many tourist resorts. The Ohio and the Tennessee Rivers flow down the western slopes of the Appalachians to the great Mississippi River, deep in the heart of America. 2) To the west of the Great Plains lie the Rocky Mountains, “the backbone of the continent”. These high mountains stretch all the way from Mexico to the Arctic and form what is known as Continental Divide, or Great Divide, the most important watershed on the continent. The Rockies are more than twice as high as the Appalachians and high enough to receive more rain than the surrounding plains and plateaus. Consequently, they are mostly forested. The striking and varied scenery of the Rockies has given rise to the establishment of many national parks here. The other natural wonders include roaming herds of buffalo, elk, deer, antelope and sheep, as well as the famous grizzly bear. Chapter 2 American Population 1.Why is the United States known as a “melting pot”? It means that the US is composed of immigrants from different nations all over the world. ①The people of the US are predominantly white. ②The second most numerous minority in the US were the black people whose forefathers came from Africa. ③American Indians were the original inhabitants on the continent. ④There were about 50.5 million Hispanics in 2010 in the US. They are the Spanish-speaking immigrants from Latin American countries. ⑤The Chinese American have proved to be industrious and intelligent. 2.What factors cause the Americans to move frequently within the United States? ①The desire for economic betterment is generally the most important force inducing migration. ②Geographic difference in economic opportunity, as reflected by such factors as differences in employment opportunities and earning power for workers and differences in the availability and the price of land for farmers. ③Noneconomic factors. Such as climate, racial attitudes, and family tires, influencing migration. 3.Why do many Americans now migrate from cities to suburbs? ①The widespread uses of automobiles and the construction of express highways made it possible for people to live farther away from their jobs. ②The telephone reduced the need for them to work or live in close proximity to one another. ③Suburban areas offered more living space than cities, lower crime rates, less pollution, and superior schools. It is generally believed that they are better place for raising children. Chapter 3 Discovery and Colonization of the New World 1. Discuss the pre-Columbian cultures in the Americas. 1) The Aztecs of Mexico 2) The Incas of Peru 3) The Indians of North America 4) Indian contributions to European culture: Foods, Drugs and Utilitarian objects 2. Why did the discoveries of New World before Columbus not exert great influence in the world at that time?