江苏省无锡市天一中学2022-2023学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题(原卷版)

江苏省天一中学2022一2023学年第一学期期中考试

高一英语

第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

A

Hand gestures (手势) have been commonly used in our daily communication. They add to the message by filling in what words sometimes leave behind. But are you somewhat aware of the history that goes behind some of these popular hand gestures?

◆Handshake

Whether you’re greeting someone for the first time, or successfully negotiating (商定) an agreement, shaking hands is usually the go-to gesture. Who decided on this customary gesture, anyway? The history of the handshake dates back to ancient Greece, showing that neither person was carrying a weapon.

◆Thumbs up and thumbs down

Maybe you’re familiar with the popular story of this hand gesture dating back to Roman times. When a gladiator (角斗士) lost, the crowd would either stick their thumbs out to have him killed or just not make any sign at all. The thumbs up decided the gladiator’s fate (命运) . After WWII, thumbs up only came to mean that things were going smoothly. And thumbs down meant the opposite.

◆High five

According to some sources, the high five first became popular when baseball players performed at Dodger Stadium on October 2, 1977. Glenn Burke, one of the capable players, lifted his am high above his head and slapped palms with his teammate Dusty Baker to celebrate a milestone home run, marking what is widely regarded as the first recorded example of a high five.

◆The fist bump

The fist bump comes from boxers in the 1970s after people began imitating how they touched gloves before a competition. Later, instead of shaking hands, first bumps became popular among basketball players. The gesture soon spread to all basketball lovers, and, before long, to the President of the United States.

1. What did “thumbs up” mean to a gladiator in Roman times?

A. Being cheered.

B. Being killed.

C. Being appreciated.

D. Being blamed.

2. Which gesture is in celebration of a home run?

A. B. C. D.

3. Which aspect do all the four gestures mention?

A. The history.

B. The future.

C. The power.

D. The importance.

B

According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the term “couch potato” first appeared in print in a December, 1979 edition of the Los Angeles Times. Since then, has become a familiar term for a person who spends a lot of time sitting, and little time exercising. Although there does not seem to be any particular reason why the term “couch potato” is used rather than “couch tomato” , a person may become a “couch potato” because living this way is said to make you round like a potato. The term is also said to have something to do with the high-calorie (卡路里) food like potato chips.

People now would say “couch potato” whenever they talk about overweight and obesity (肥胖). Indeed, “couch potatoes” are believed to have heart disease risks, which can be avoided by regular exercise.

It is true that technology and modern life in general make us sick, fat, lazy and physically/mentally soft. The more time people spend using technology, particularly televisions and computers, the less time they will spend being physically active.

“Couch potato” kids are a particular concern. Media reports repeatedly claim that children today are fatter than their elder generations, but less athletically skilled, less interested in physical activities and more addicted (上瘾的) to “junk food” and technology such as televisions and computers. The message is clear: today’s children are fat because they are lazy and eat too much. Moreover, because technology is becoming more sophisticated (复杂的), children are less able to resist (抵抗，忍得住) technology’s attraction, and are more likely to spend more time using technology, less time doing physical activities and，therefore, more likely to be fat.

4. The first paragraph is mainly about ________.

A. why “couch potato” is used as a term for a person

B. when “couch potato” is used as a term for a person

C. how “couch potato” is different from “couch tomato”

D. what kind of person looks like a potato

5. The development of technology also makes us sick because ________ by using technology.

A. we are more likely to have heart disease risks in modern life

B. we spend less time doing exercise

C. we needn’t do many things by ourselves any more

D. we spend all our time watching TV and playing computer games

6. It’s kids’ ________ that people are particularly concerned about.

A. food

B. study

C. health

D. hobby

7. According to the passage，the author may suggest that ________.

A. scientists should stop their technology research

B. parents should take better care of their children

C. kids should be stopped from using new technology

D. people should spend less time using technology

C

As Ginni Bazlinton reached Antarctica, she found herself greeted by a group of little Gentoo penguins (企鹅) longing to say hello. These gentle, lovely gatekeepers welcomed her and kick-started what was to be a trip Ginni would never forget.

Ever since her childhood, Ginni, now 71, has had a deep love for travel. Throughout her career (职业) as a professional dancer, she toured in the UK, but always longed to explore further. When she retired from dancing and her sons eventually flew the nest, she decided it was time to take the plunge.

After taking a degree at Chichester University in Related Arts, Ginni began to travel the world, eventually getting work teaching English in Japan and Chile. And it was in Chile she discovered she could get last-minute cheap deals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands off Tierra del Fuego, the southernmost tip of the South American mainland. “I just decided I wanted to go,” she says. “I had no idea about what I’d find there and I wasn’t nervous, I just wanted to do it. And I wanted to do it alone as I always prefer it that way.”

In March 2008, Ginni boarded a ship with 48 passengers she’d never met before, to begin the journey towards Antarctica. “From seeing the wildlife to witnessing sunrises, the whole experience was amazing. Antarctica left an impression on me that no other place has,” Ginni says. “I remember the first time I saw a humpback whale; it just rose out of the water like some prehistoric creature and I thought it was smiling at us. You could still hear the operatic sounds it was making underwater.”

The realization that this is a precious land, to be respected by humans, was one of the biggest things that hit home to Ginni.

8. Which of the following best explains “take the plunge” underlined in paragraph 2?

A. Try challenging things.

B. Take a degree.

C. Bring back lost memories.

D. Stick to a promise.

9. What made Ginni decide on the trip to Antarctica?

A. Lovely penguins.

B. Beautiful scenery.

C. A discount fare.

D. A friend’s invitation.

10. What does Ginni think about Antarctica after the journey?

A. It could be a home for her.

B. It should be easily accessible.

C. It should be well preserved.

D. It needs to be fully introduced.

11. What is the text mainly about?

A. A childhood dream.

B. An unforgettable experience.

C. Sailing around the world.

D. Meeting animals in Antarctica.

D

Who was it on the top floor?

The lamp lit up a man’s face. Pip didn’t recognize it, but the expression showed that its owner was pleased to see Pip.

Suddenly Pip knew who he was when he sat down in a chair near the fire! The convict in the churchyard years ago!

“You helped me, Pip,” said the man. “I have never forgotten it.”

Pip felt none for him, saying, “If you’ve come here to thank me, it isn’t necessary. You must understand... But you are tired. Would you like something to drink before you go?”

“Thank you. I know, you are no longer what you used to be. It doesn’t hurt to ask how you managed to live such a life as a gentleman.”

“I have a benefactor,” Pip replied, embarrassed.

“Could I guess your income?” said the convict, smiling. “Is the first figure five?”

Pip’s heart started to beat very fast.

“And do you have a guardian whose name begins with the letter J?”

Suddenly Pip understood why the man was there. He stood up and held the back of a chair. The man took Pip’s hands and kissed them. But Pip still remembered that this man was a criminal.

“You’re like a son of me，Pip. I was working for you in Australia,” the man went on. “I’m happy you are spending my money.”

Pip smiled and listened weakly.

“It wasn’t easy for me to see you and stay with you here. I was sent away for life. If they find me back in London, they’ll hang me.”

Feeling even worse and too confused, Pip just said, “You are tired. You need a good sleep. Good night.”

After an hour or two, something started to become clear to Pip. Miss Havisham had no interest in his future or plans for him and Estella. She was using them to take her revenge on men!

12. What does the fifth paragraph imply?

A. Thanks to Pip came much too late to be accepted.

B. Pip was excited enough to speak quite out of breath.

C. The man didn’t know Pip was already a gentleman.

D. Pip actually declared the visitor to be unwelcome.

13. What do we know about the man’s character in the passage?

A. He was affectionate.

B. He was proud.

C. He was disgusting.

D. He was cruel.

14. What truth did Pip finally find out?

A. He once helped the man hidden on the top floor.

B. The man was taken away from England for life.

C. Not Havisham but the man was his benefactor.

D. Once a convict, always a dangerous convict.

15. What might still puzzle Pip?

A. Where the man came from.

B. How the man became a criminal.

C. Who was the benefactor of him.

D. What risk the man took to see him.

第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Friendships can bring joy or sorrow. ____16____, we talked to researchers, authors, and therapists(治疗师) to learn how to manage the common relationship we all face.

Broken promises(违背承诺)

Friends are important for our physical and health but these relationships aren’t always smooth sailing. ____17____. And a major way this happens is through broken promises. Perhaps he canceled plans at the last minute or she refused to take part in an important party. ____18____, the first thing to do is remember that no one is perfect, says Jan Yager, PhD, friendship coach.

____19____ “Sometimes jealousy(妒忌) shows our deepest desires,” says Dr. Yager. “Healthy envy(嫉妒) can motivate you to become better and be inspired by your friend’s success,” she says. She points out that it could be the other way around as well: Your friends might be jealous of you.

Feeling left out

There’s no worse feeling than when you check Facebook Monday morning to find out that your friends went on a weekend getaway without you. Scott Christnelly, a therapist, says, “I encourage clients to express their feelings about it but also not to jump to conclusions.” Then find someone else to talk to-maybe a family member, or a close friend (not one who went on the trip)-to explain how you feel. ____20____.

A. Experiencing envy

B. Friend breakups can be just as painful as a romantic broke

C. Since there’s no rule book on what to do when things get tense or go south

D. But while it may be painful

E. In fact, it’s common to experience some serious hurt from your friends

F. Stopping to feel jealous of them

G. Maybe through that conversation, you can brainstorm how you will respond

第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)

Wilson, 55, of Westchester County, New York, donated one of his kidneys (肾) two years ago. As a cyclist, Wilson was determined to ____21____ that the operation didn’t change his lifestyle. ____22____, earlier this year, he climbed to the top of Mt. Kilimanjaro.

He was ____23____ to sign up to become a non-directed (非定向) kidney donor after seeing a friend’s post on Facebook. The friend had written that his teenage daughter had recently received a life-saving kidney donation from a ____24____.

When he got home, he started ____25____ kidney donations on the Internet. He didn’t know anyone who needed a ____26____, but he did find out about non-directed transplants (移植).

____27____, Wilson told his wife about his idea to become a non-directed donor, and she was totally supportive.

Wilson began taking the ____28____ to become a kidney donor, including numerous tests and ____29____ physical and psychological evaluations.

Wilson’s _____30_____ was an even more advanced, minimally invasive (微创) one called a single-port surgery. Doctors _____31_____ Wilson’s kidney using an incision (切口) made in his bellybutton. After about two weeks, he was back on his indoor bike, training _____32_____.

As a _____33_____ of a living thing, Wilson said the most important thing he wants people to know is that when someone donates a kidney, life really doesn’t _____34_____ at all.

“If you can make an impact during your time there, it’s a wonderful thing,” Wilson said. “But the planet is a _____35_____ place, so it was a way for a small individual to make an impact on just one person.”

21. A. predict B. possess C. prove D. pray

22. A. However B. So C. But D. Or

23. A. adopted B. persuaded C. exposed D. inspired

24. A. stranger B. doctor C. nurse D. relative

25. A. giving B. researching C. calculating D. evaluating

26. A. mission B. sample C. kidney D. computer

27. A. Eventually B. Extensively C. Gradually D. Constantly

28. A. liberty B. chances C. lead D. steps

29. A. splendid B. thorough C. unique D. permanent

30. A. operation B. donation C. test D. transplant

31. A. repaired B. protected C. removed D. checked

32. A. violently B. hardly C. lightly D. professionally

33. A. donor B. seeker C. researcher D. seller

34. A. ease B. change C. exist D. disappear

35. A. beautiful B. mysterious C. competitive D. big

第二节(共10题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

China has countless attractions. The Great Wall is ____36____ (probable) one that is most familiar ____37____ the Western tourists. The Great Wall is like a giant stone dragon, ____38____ (wind) across the country from the ocean on the east to the desert on the west. It is the longest wall that ____39____ (build) ever, 1,500 miles in ____40____ (long). Along the wall are watch towers, ____41____ soldiers were on the watch for threats. The wall was initially constructed ____42____ (prevent) invasion of neighbouring states, and the majority of the existing wall is from the Ming Dynasty. From the top of the Great Wall, people can enjoy an impressive view of ____43____ (continue) mountains, green trees and blooming wild flowers. If we were to build such a wall now, we would use modern machines. ____44____, the ancient Chinese had to build the wall by hand. The reason why the Great Wall attracts tourists from all over the world every year is _____45_____ it represents the highest wisdom of ancient China. Just as the saying goes, “He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man.”

第四部分基础练习(满分25分)

第一节单词拼写(共10小题;每题1分，满分10分)

46. Jane has a beautiful voice so she has the p________to become a good singer. （根据首字母单词拼写）

47. This would be a good o________ for you to know some traditional Chinese culture. （根据首字母单词拼写）

48. A boy was knocked over by a passing car. F________, he was not hurt severely. （根据首字母单词拼写）

49. It is important that we should work out________(定期) and keep a balanced diet. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）

50. This engineer has c________ greatly to the design of the Chang’e III spaceship. （根据首字母单词拼写）

51. The meeting was put off in________(回应) to a request from the public. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）

52. Although parents no longer live together with their children, they can continue to be

r________ for them. （根据首字母单词拼写）

53. There are many reasons a________for his success. （根据首字母单词拼写）

54. It is time for us to take measures to protect our natural________(资源). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）

55. The government has declared a state of ________ (紧急情况) following the earthquake. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）

第二节单句语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)

56. Friendship grows best between friends ________ communication is warm and open. (用适当的词填空)

57. It was used for sudden serious events, such as the time________Christine broke her arm. （用适当的词填空）

58. ________Lao-Tzu wisely said, “A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.” (用适当的词填空)

59. Rents in that city________(shoot) up in the last few months. （所给词的适当形式填空）

60. He lied to us that he had no parents, ________ won our mercy on him. （用适当的词填空）

61. It is no use ________ (argue) with him about the question for he won’t change his mind.（所给词的适当形式填空）

62. Life is like a long race _________we compete with others to go beyond ourselves. (用适当的词填空)

63. September 18th, 1931 is the very day ________ we will never forget. (用适当的词填空)

64. With graduation day drawing near, the students in Class 5 were anxiously preparing for their final exams, and none of ________ wanted to play computer games. （用适当的词填空）

65. Having no experience, he went________a difficult time at the company. （用适当的词填空）

第三节选词组填空(共10小题;每小题0.5分，满分5分)

根据句意，选择单词或短语并以其适当形式填空。

66. The president refuses to ________ on this issue in the international meeting.

67. You must ________ the idea that to be single is to be unhappy and unfulfilled.

68. ________ their joint effort, the difficult situation changed into a favorable one.

69. Now that you’ve got the chance, you might as well ________ it.

70. The company has been ________ since the internet bubble was exploded.

71. I managed to ________ the diet and keep off sweet foods.

72. I’m going to ________ this tour to explore the history of the castle

73. Pressure can ________ the worst in people.

74. I can’t ________ any extra work, for I’m too tired today.

75. When you can ________ the challenges, you will have the chance to enjoy personal growth.第五部分写作(满分15分)

76. 假定你是李华，你的好朋友Peter是初三学生。在最近的一次来信中Peter提到因为书写不够美观、整洁，在多次英语考试中他的作文得分都不理想，这是他目前最大的困扰。请你给Peter回信并针对他的问题提出建议。内容包括：

1.理解和安慰；

2.你的建议。

注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dear Peter,

_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua