英语语法之倒装句
英语语法之倒装句
完全倒装
表示地点的副词here, there 置于句首, 且主语是名词(不是代词) 时
表示时间、方向的副词或介词短语置于句首, 且主语是名词(不是代词) 时
作表语的形容词、分词、介词短语、such 置于句首时
部分倒装
“only+状语”置于句首, 主句需要部分倒装
具有否定意义或半否定意义的副词以及含否定词的介词短语置于句首作状语时
“so或neither + 助动词/情态动词/be 动词+主语”表示“……也/也不”
so/such...that...句型
以had/were/should 开头省略if 的虚拟条件句
形式倒装
感叹句
the more...the more...句型
whatever 或however 引导的让步状语从句
as /though 引导的让步状语从句
考点一倒装句
一、完全倒装(Full Inversion)
谓语部分完全放在主语之前的句子,便是完全倒装句。
1.副词、介词短语类:
①表示地点的副词here, there 置于句首, 且主语是名词(不是代词) , 需用完全倒装, 其形式为: There/Here+谓语+主语。常用于此句型的谓语动词为be, go, come, exist, follow, remain, lie等, 时态要用一般现在时。
There goes the last bus.末班公共汽车开走了。
Here is the address of your hotel.这里就是你宾馆的地址。
There goes the bell for break.下课铃响了。
Here you are.给你。(代词作主语, 不倒装)
②表示时间的副词(如: now, then 等) 、运动方向的副词(如:out, in, up, down, away 等) 及表示地点的介词短语置于句首, 且主语是名词(不是代词) , 需用完全倒装, 其形式为: 副词或介词短语+谓语+主语。常用于此句型的谓语动词为come, fall, follow,exist, lie, go, remain, run 等, 时态为一般现在时或一般过去时。
Now comes your turn! 现在该你了!
Up went the arrow into the air.箭直射向空中。
Under the table sleeps a white cat.在桌子下面睡着一只白色的猫。
Behind the counter he stood. 他站在柜台后面。(代词作主语, 不倒装)
2.表语类:
为了保持句子平衡或强调表语部分等, 将作表语的形容词、分词、介词短语、such 置于句首时, 需用完全倒装, 其形式为: 形容词/现在分词/过去分词/介词短语/such+be+主语。Happy are those who are contented.知足者常乐。
Growing all over the mountain are wild flowers.漫山遍野长满了野花。
Seated on the ground are a group of young people.席地而坐的是一群年轻人。
Inside the parcel was a letter.包裹里有封信。
Such were his words.( = Such was what he said.)这就是他说的话。
二、部分倒装(Partial Inversion)
把be 动词、助动词或情态动词置于主语之前的句子叫部分倒装句。这类句型主要有下面几种:
1.only 修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句, 且放在句首时。
Only in this way can we learn English well.
只有用这种方法我们才能学好英语。
使用特点:
(1) 在部分倒装句中, 如果谓语部分无助动词, 则需找助动词来“帮助”构成倒装句。(x) Only after the war learned he the sad news.
(√) Only after the war did he learn the sad news.
只是在战后他才得知那个不幸的消息。
(2) only 修饰状语从句时, 从句不可倒装, 主句倒装。
(x) Only when did he return we found out the truth.
(√) Only when he returned did we find out the truth.
只是当他回来的时候, 我们才查明了真相。
(3) only 修饰主语时, 句子不可倒装。
(x) Only can he answer the question.
(√) Only he can answer the question.只有他能回答这个问题。
题组训练单句填空
①(2014 湖南,29) Only when you can find peace in your heart will you keep good relationships with others.
②(2012 天津, 6) Only after Mary read her composition the second time did she notice the spelling mistake.
2. 否定词never, nor, not, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely,rarely 及表否定意义的介词短语at no time, under/in no circumstances, in no case, by no means, on no condition 等置于句首时。Never before have I seen such a moving film. = I have neverseen such a moving film before.
以前我从未看过这么感人的电影。
Not a single mistake did he make. = He didn't make a single mistake.
他一个错误也没犯。
Hardly do I think it possible to finish the work before dark.= I hardly think it possible to finish the work before dark.
我认为在天黑之前完成这项工作几乎是不可能的。
题组训练单句填空
③(2013 辽宁, 26) At no time did they actually break the rules of the game. It was unfair to punish them.
3.六个重要的固定句型:
(1) “so+be 动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”意为“……也是如此”。
They love having lots of friends; so do those with disabilities.他们喜欢交很多朋友, 那些身有残疾的人也是如此。
使用特点:
①此句型也可写成“it is /was the same with...”或“so it is /waswith...”。
They love having lots of friends;
it is the same with those with disabilities.
so it is with those with disabilities.
②如果仅是对前面内容的肯定或附和(此时的so = indeed) ,那么, 句子不可使用倒装。试比较:
A: I was afraid.(I 指的是A)
B: So was I.(I 指的是B, 此句意为: I was afraid, too.)
A: 我害怕。B: 我也是。
A: I was afraid.(I 指的是A)
B: So you were. (you 指的也是A。此句意为: Indeed youwere afraid.)
A: 我害怕。B: 你就是这样。
(2) “neither/nor+ be 动词/助动词/情态动词+ 主语”意为“……也不这样”。Lily can't ride a bicycle; neither/nor can Lucy.
莉莉不会骑自行车, 露西也不会。
使用特点:
①此句型也可写成“it is /was the same with...”或“so it is /was with...”。
Lily can't ride a bicycle;
it is the same with Lucy.
so it is with Lucy.
②此句型中的neither/nor 不可用so...not 替代, 但可用not...either 改写。
(x) I have never been abroad.So hasn't he.
(√) I have never been abroad.Neither/Nor has he.
(√) I have never been abroad.He has never/not been abroad,either.
我没出过国。他也没有。
(3)如此……以至于……
So+adj. /adv. ...that...
Such+(a/an+) adj. +n. ...that...
So clearly does he speak English that he can always make himself understood.
他说英语说得如此清晰, 以至于别人都能听得懂。
Such an interesting book does he have that we all want to read it.
他有一本如此有趣的书, 以至于我们都想读。
使用特点:
在这个句型中, so, such 后面的句子要倒装, 而that 引导的从句不倒装。
(4) Neither..., nor...意为“……不……, ……也不……”。
Neither do I know it, nor do I care about it.
我不知道这件事, 也不关心。
使用特点:
由于neither 和nor 都是否定词, 所以它们后面的句子均需倒装。
(5) Not only...but also...意为“不仅……而且……”。
Not only will help be given to people to find jobs, but also medical treatment will be provided for people who need it.
不仅要给那些找工作的人提供帮助, 而且也要给那些有需要的人提供药物治疗。
使用特点:
此句型也可写成Not only...but...或Not only...but...as well 的形式, 但but(also) 连接的句子
必需用正常语序。
(6) Not until...意为“直到……才……”。
Not until 4:00 in the morning could he fall asleep.
直到早晨4 点他才睡着。
Not until he returned did we have supper.
直到他回来我们才吃晚饭。
但是: Not until did he return we had supper.(x)
使用特点:
not until 引导的是从句时, until 从句的主谓不可倒装, 只是主句需要倒装。
题组训练单句填空
④Jane won't join us for dinner tonight and Tom won't either .
⑤Not until he left his home did he begin to know how important the family was for him.
三、形式倒装(Formal Inversion)
形式上的倒装在语法上称为前置。它的特点是: 只把强调的内容提至句首, 主谓并不倒装。这样的结构非常多, 但有几个重要的句型需要特别注意:
1 .感叹句
What an interesting talk they had!
他们进行了一次多么有趣的谈话呀!
How interesting their talk is!
他们的谈话多么有趣呀!
使用特点:
对名词(或中心词是名词) 感叹时, 用what 引出; 对形容词或副词感叹时, 用how 引出。
2.the more..., the more...句型
The more you listen to English, the easier it becomes.
你听英语听得越多, 它就变得越简单。
使用特点:
(1) 此句型中的more 代表的是形容词或副词的比较级, 要灵活使用。
The harder you work, the greater progress you will make.
你学习越努力, 取得的进步就越大。
(2) 此句型中的第一个the more 引导的部分相当于一个条件状语从句; 第二个the more 引导的部分相当于一个主句。所以, 上面例句的意思实质上就是: If you work harder, you will makegreater progress.
3.however, whatever 引导的让步状语从句
(1) “however+adj. /adv. ”引导的让步状语从句
However difficult the problem may be, we must work it out this evening.
无论这个问题可能会有多难, 今晚我们必须解决它。
(2) “whatever+n. ”引导的让步状语从句
Whatever reasons you have, you should carry out your promise.
无论你有什么理由, 你都应当履行诺言。
4.as, though 引导让步状语从句时采用形式倒装的情况
(1) 表语的倒装
Tired as/though he was, he still went on with his work.
尽管很累, 他还是继续工作。
Strange as/though it seems, it is true.
尽管看上去奇怪, 这事却是真的。
Exhausted as/though she was, she wasn't able to sleep.
尽管筋疲力尽, 但她还是睡不着觉。
注意: 如果是单数名词或形容词的最高级作表语, 不再用冠词。
Youngest as/though he is in our class, he speaks English best.
他虽然是我们班年龄最小的, 但他英语说得最好。
(2) 谓语动词的倒装
Try as he might, he didn't pass the exam.
尽管很用功, 但他考试还是不及格。
Search as they would here and there, they could find nothing in the room.
尽管到处寻找, 但他们在房间里找不到任何东西。
注意: 行为动词前置时, 从句主语后面要用may, might, can,could, will, would 等情态动词, 若没有情态动词, 则需加上一个do(does 或did) 。若前置的行为动词是及物动词, 则其宾语也随其后一并提前。
Change your mind as /though you do, you will get no help from us.
即使你改变主意, 你也得不到我们的帮助。
(3) 状语的倒装
Much as he likes the bike, he doesn't want to buy it.
虽然他很喜欢那辆自行车, 但他不想买它。
Hard as I studied, I could not catch up with them.
我虽然学习努力, 但还是赶不上他们。
题组训练单句填空
⑥What an interesting role she played in the film! No wonder she has won an Oscar.
⑦In recent years travel companies have succeeded in selling us the idea that the further we go, the better (good) our holiday will be.
⑧Strange as /though it might sound, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.
高中英语语法最重要知识汇总
按：本套资料省去了名词、代词、形容词等部分，保留了最最核心的句型和动词。希望能有所帮助。 第一章名词性从句 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 一．主语从句 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 1. It作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 It作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。例如： a) It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. 你不去看那场电影真可惜。 - b) It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not.我对你成功与否不感兴趣。 c) It is in the morning that the murder took place.谋杀案是在早上发生的。（强调句型） d) It is John that broke the window.是John打碎的窗户。（强调句型） 2. 用it作形式主语的结构 (1) It is ＋名词＋从句 It is a fact that …; It is an honor that…; It is common knowledge that… (2) It is ＋形容词＋从句 It is natural that…It is strange that… . (3) It is ＋不及物动词＋从句 It seems that…It happened that…It appears that… (4) It ＋过去分词＋从句 It is reported that…It has been proved that…It is said that… 3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况： （1）if引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。 （2）It is said /reported…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： 正确表达：It is said that President Jiang will visit our school next week. ( 错误表达：That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. （3）It happens/occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： 正确表达：It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. 错误表达：That he failed in the examination occurred to him. （4）It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： 正确表达：It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not. 错误表达：Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter. （5）含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如： ； 正确表达：Is it likely that it will rain in the evening 错误表达：Is that will rain in the evening likely 4. what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别 what 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语，而that 则不然。例如：
高考英语语法专项突破训练专题16-倒装句和省略句
专题十六倒装句和省略句重难点分析 一、倒装句 倒装句主要考查以下几个方面： ◆含有否定意味的词置于句首，用部分倒装； ◆“only+状语/状语从句”置于句首，用部分倒装； ◆so/such…that句型中，“so+形容词/副词”提前，用部分倒装； ◆表示方位的副词或介词短语放在句首，要用完全倒装。 1. 倒装句用法一览表：
2. 特别提示 (1) there be结构的倒装句型中，除了be动词之外，there后还可接lie, live, seem to be等。如：There lived an old man in the village long long ago. 很久很久以前，村子里住着一位老人。 (2) here, there, now, then, up, down, away, out等副词位于句首，主语为代词时不到装。如：Away it flew. 它飞走了。 (3) 直接引语的一部分或全部位于句首，主句倒装，主句倒装，但是主语为代词时不倒装。如：“You have to finish it tonight,” she said. “今晚你必须完成它，”她说。 (4) so位于句首不倒装的情况：
① 主语与前句相同，表赞同，译为“确实如此”。如： — Mike studies hard. 迈克学习很刻苦。 — So he does. 确实是。 ② 表示前句内容也适用于另外的人或事，前句如果列举了两种事实以上，用“so it is/was with sb./sth.”回答。如： — Tom is kind and often helps those in trouble. 汤姆很友好，经常帮助处于困境中的人。 — So it is with his father. 他父亲也是。 (5) 使用as/though进行倒装时注意： ①句首有名词，名词不能带任何冠词。如：Child as he is, he can tell right from wrong. 尽管他是个孩子，却能够明辨是非。 ②句首是实义动词时，其他助动词则放在主语之后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，则宾语和状语随实义动词一起放在主语之前。如： Try hard as he will, he never seems to be able to do the work satisfactorily. 虽然他尽力了，但他的工作总做得不尽如人意。 (6) not until位于句首的倒装结构中，如果是复合句，只有主句用倒装，从句不用。如： Not until he loses his health will he give up smoking. 他直到失去健康才会戒烟。 二、省略句 高考命题导向：省略是一种避免重复，保持简洁的语法手段。缺少一个或一个以上的必要语言成分，但在一定语境中能够独立存在，意义明确，并且能发挥交际功能的句子叫作省略句。高考主要是考查省略在固定结构中的运用。 省略句用法一览表：
高中英语语法倒装句讲解及练习(附答案)
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强调地点状语：It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday. 强调时间状语：It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station. 5.注意：构成强调句的it本身没有词义;强调句中的连接词一般只用that，who，即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此，that，who不可省略;强调句中的时态只用两种，一般现在时和一般过去时。原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时，用It was……，其余的时态用It is……. 二、not…until…句型的强调句 1.句型为：It is/was not until+被强调部分+that+其他部分 e.g.普通句：He didn't go to bed until/till his wife came back. 强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed. 2.注意：此句型只用until，不用till.但如果不是强调句型，till，until可通用;因为句型中It is/was not……已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。 三、谓语动词的强调 1.It is/was……that……结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词do/does或did.
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最新高中英语倒装句语法知识汇总48497
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Compiled by Ma Junqi 倒装句 英语句子的主语通常位于谓语动词之前，这种语序被称为正常语序。但有时 出于强调或某种特殊的语法结构的需要，需要将谓语动词放在主语之前，这种语 序则叫倒装语序。按倒装的形式，倒装可分为两类，一是完全倒装，二是部分倒 装。完全倒装是指全部谓语放在主语之前，部分倒装是指只把助动词、情态动词或 be 动词放在主语之前，谓语的主体部分仍在主语之后。 一、完全倒装 1. 用于there be 句型。 例： There are many students in the classroom. 原句自然顺序是：M any students are there in the classroom. ★2. 表示地点的here 和 there 位于句首时，其后用完全倒装形式。这类倒装句的谓语通 常是动词be 和 come, go 等表示移动或动态的不及物动词， 动词 (表示存在 )。 例： Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。以 及 stand, lie, live 等表示状态的 There goes the last train. 最后一班火车开走了。 There stood a desk against the wall. 靠墙放着一张书桌。 注意：若主语为人称代词，则不倒装。如： Here you are. 这就是你要的东西。（给你。） Here it comes. 它来了。 ★3. 表示方向的副词away, down, in, off, out, over, round, up 等位于句首时，其后用完全 倒装语序。这类倒装句的谓语通常表示动态的不及物动词。 Out rushed the puppy. 小狗冲了出去。 Away went the girl. 那个女孩走远了。 Down came the rain and up went the umbrellas. 下雨了，伞都撑起来了。 注：若主语为人称代词，则不能用倒装。如： In he comes. 他走了进来。 Down it came. 它掉了下来。 ★4. 表示时间或顺序的副词now, then 等位于句首时，其后用完全倒装语序。这类倒装句的谓语通常表示动态的不及物动词。如：
高中英语语法---强调句讲解
强调句 1. 陈述句的强调句型 It is/ was + 被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+ that/ who（当强调主语且主语指人）+ 其他部分。 例子 It was yesterday that he met Li Ping. 2. 一般疑问句的强调句型 同上，只是把is/ was提到it前面。 例子 Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping? 3. 特殊疑问句的强调句型 被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其他部分？ 例子 When and where was it that you were born? 4.not … until … 句型的强调句 A. 句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其他部分 普通句：He didn't go to bed until/ till his wife came back. 强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed. B. 注意： 此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till, until可通用；因为句型中It is/ was not ... 已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。 5.谓语动词的强调 A. It is/ was ... that ... 结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词do/ does或did Do sit down. 务必请坐。 Do be careful when you cross the street. 过马路时，务必（千万）要小心啊！
(完整word版)高中英语语法—省略句
省略句 一、如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句的谓语含有be动词的某种形式 （am/is/are/was/were），可同时省略从句的主语和be动词的某种形式。 1、when，while引导的时间状语从句 e.g. Do be careful when (you are) crossing the street. When/While (I was) on my way to work, I met her. 2、if，unless，once引导的条件状语从句 e.g. If (it is) properly treated, waste will do no harm to the environment. I’ll not go to the party unless (I am) invited. Once (you are) caught stealing in a supermarket, you will be punished. 3、though，although，whether，no matter whether/what/how/who等引导 的让步状语从句 e.g. He was happy, though/although (he was) poor.
Whether (she is) sick or well, she is always cheerful. No matter how/However hard the task (is), we must fulfill it in time. （注：从句的主语和主句的主语不一致时，只省略从句中的be动词形式） 4、as if，as though引导的方式状语从句 e.g. He rubbed his eyes and yawned as if/though (he was) waking up after a long sleep. He stood up as if/though (he wanted) to leave.（as if/though + to do表示一个将来的动作） 二、than，as引导的比较状语从句中的省略用法：当不同的主语进行比较时， 一般省略从句中的谓语；当从句中的主语与谓语（be动词除外）和主句中的主语与谓语相同时，通常省略从句中的主语和谓语，只保留比较部分。 e.g. He is taller than his brother (is). I have as much as confidence in you as (I have confidence) in him. 三、以if从句为代表的状语从句中的特殊省略用法：通常省略了it is，that is， there is/are。 e.g. If (it is) possible/necessary, this old temple will be rebuilt. If (that is) so, I will call you back at 5:00 pm. There are only a few books in our school library, if (there are) any. Ⅱ、定语从句中的省略用法 关系词的省略关系代词that，which，whom等在限制性定语从句中充当宾语且不位于介词之后时，可以省略；in which或that在先行词way后作方式状语从句时可省略。 e.g. The man (that/who/whom) you visited last night is my grandpa. I don’t like the way (in which/that) you treat the girl. Ⅲ、虚拟语气中if及should的省略 1、当条件状语从句中有were，had，should等时省略if，把它们提至句首，形 成倒装句。 e.g. If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students. = Were I a teacher, I would be strict with my students. 2、Suggest，insist，order，require等表示建议、要求、命令的动词后接的名词 性从句中，谓语动词常用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。 e.g. The doctor suggested that he (should) try to lose weight. Ⅳ、不定式符号to的省略 1、感官动词see，hear，feel，watch等和使役动词have，make，let等后接不 定式作宾语时，不定式省略to。 2、do nothing but，can’t help but等结构常接省略to的不定式。 e.g. We didn’t do anything but stay at home watching TV yesterday. Hearing the news, she couldn’t help but cry. 3、在特定语境中为了避免重复，当不定式再次出现时，在want，wish，hope，
高中英语语法《强调句》专题教案
高中英语语法《强调句》专题教案 1.可强调的句子成分:不能强调谓语。 针对I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.句子进行强调。 强调主语:It was______that(whomet Li Ming at the railway station yesterday. 强调宾语:It was______that I met at the railway station yesterday. 强调地点状语:It was_____________that I met Li Ming yesterday. 强调时间状语:It was___that I met Li Ming at the railway station. 2.强调句的各种形式: 1“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子的其他部分”。如果强调的是人,可以用who,whom代替that。 2It is not until+被强调部分+that... 用于强凋时间状语,“直到……才……”。 普通句:He didn't go to bed until/till his wife came back. 强调句:It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed. 注意:此句型只用until,不用till.如果不是强调句型,till,until可通用;因为句型中It is/was no t…已经是否定句了,that后面的从句用肯定句,不用否定句。 3强调句的一般疑问句句型: Is/Was+it+所强调的部分+that/who/whom+其余部分? 4强调句的特殊疑问句句型: 特殊疑问词+所强调的部分+that/who+其余部分?"It is(was...that"去掉,该句应该意思完整,不缺任何句子成分: 3.谓语动词的强调 如果需要强调谓语,用助动词do/does或did. e.g.Do sit down. He did write to you last week.