初中英语核心词汇用法祥解

●few、a few、little、a little的区别和联系：

few / a few用来修饰可数名词，few表示否定意义，没有，几乎没有；

a few表示有肯定意思，有几个。例如：

He has few friends here, he feels lonely.

他这里没朋友，他感觉寂寞。

There are a few eggs in the basket.篮子里有几个鸡蛋。

little / a little用来修饰不可数名词，little表示否定意思，没有，几乎没有。

a little 表示肯定意思，有一点儿。例如：

There is little ink in my bottle, can you give me a little ink?

我的瓶子里没有墨水了，你能给我点儿墨水吗？

[问]

1. My father has many books, but he has_____ English books.

A. little

B. a little

C. few

D. a few Answer

2. The twins can speak only ___ French.

A. a few

B. few

C. little

D. a little Answer

[析]

1. few 与little 作形容词用，都表示“几乎没有”，相当于一个否定词。具体区别：

(1) few 后面跟复数可数名词。e.g. few books few students

(2) little 后面跟单数不可数名词。e.g. little water little food

e.g. He has few friends. 他没有几个朋友。

They has little money. 他们没有什麽钱

2. a few 与a little 都表示肯定的意思，指“有一点，有一些”。具体区别：

(1) a few 后加可数名词复数

（2）a little 后加不可数名词单数。

e.g. I'm going to buy a few bananas.

I can speak only a little Chinese.

3. a little 与little 也可以用作副词，表示“有点”“稍稍” 表示“很少”

e.g. ----Can you speak English?

----Yes, but only a little.

This book is a little more difficult than that one.

（可修饰形容词比较级）

She slept little last night. 昨天晚上，她没有怎么睡觉。

●very与much

very与much表示“很”，“非常”。

不能用very来作修饰词,只能用much来作修饰词

very用于修饰形容词或副词的原级;

much用于修饰形容词或副词的比较级，修饰动词要用much或very much.

She said she was much better than before. 她说她比过去好多了。

I like English very much. 我非常喜欢英语。

●so与such

so与such表示“如此”，“这么”，“那么”

1) so修饰形容词或副词，such修饰名词，但名词前可以有形容词定语。

I can’t be here so early. 我不能这么早到这儿。

I’ve never seen such f ine drawings. 我从未见过如此精美的图画。

2) so修饰的形容词后可以有一个单数可数名词，

其结构是so + adj. + a/an + n.试比较：

She is so good a girl.

She is such a good girl

3) 如果可数名词复数前有many, few或不可数名词前有much, little等表示数量多少的形容词时，用so而不用such。

I’m afraid that he’ll forget it if he misses so many lesson s. 我担心的是，如果他耽误这么多的课程他会忘掉的。

Miss Zhao got so little money a month. 赵老师每月只领这么少的钱。

4) “so +助动词+主语”表示前面的陈述也适用于后者，意为“……也一样”。

—People in England eat a lot of potatoes.

—So do we.

●too, also与either

too, also与either表示“也(不)”

We also have eleven players in a team.

注意，too有时也用于否定疑问句中，但表示肯定语气。

Can’t you see I’ve got teeth, too?

●ago与before

ago与before, 表示“在……以前”

ago表示以现在为起点的“以前”，before指在过去或将来的某时刻“以前”或泛指“以前”。

—When did you have a meeting ?

—Three days ago.

Mr Smith said that John had told him all about his past three weeks before.

●enjoy 能否用于现在进行时？

表示心理状态的词语一般都不用现在进行时，这个词和love, like差不多。