【VIP专享】北京市海淀区2014~2015学年度高三年级第一学期期末统一考试
【英语】北京市海淀区2015届高三上学期期末考试试卷.docx
北京市海淀区2015 届高三上学期期末考试英语试卷满分 :班级： _________姓名：_________考号：_________一、单选题（共15 小题）1． My normal monthly emails to and _______ pen pals have disappeared with my tight schedule.A ． in B． forC． from D． through2． ---Have you heard about the shark attack accident at the SeaWorld show?---Yeah, how horrible! A trainer ______ in front of the audience.A ． had been killed B． has been killedC． was killed D． is killed3． The Subway Line 16 _______ in Beijing is planned to open this year.A ． being built B． buildingC． built D． to build4． This room isn ’t actually _______ I wanted when I made my reservation.A ． what B． whereC． which D． whether5． My boss is very generous, and he is ______ generous when we get a big order.A ． very B． most C． only D ．rather6． The spread of the Ebola virus in Nigeria is believed _______ by August, 2014.A ． to be controlled B． to have been controlledC． to control D． to have controlled7． We have an adviser on hand in this activity _______ you have any worries or problems.A ． when B． now thatC． though D． in case8． ---Do I have to bring my camera tomorrow afternoon?---I think so ． We _______ the Botanical Garden then.A ． will be visiting B． are visitingC． have visited D． visit9． ---The zookeeper was really annoyed with me.--- How could he have been if you _______ stones at the animals?A ． didn ’t throw B． don ’t throwC． hadn ’t thrown D． haven ’t thrown10． Every Monday, my English teacher would cheerfully ask me _______ my weekend had been.A ． that B． if C． what D ．how11． With doubts _______ through my mind, I felt it necessary to carry out a research.A ． to run B． runC． running D． having run12． ---You seem busy these days．---Yes． I ’m writing a story ．You know, it ’s really not easy to write _______ with attractive plots.A ． thisB． oneC． itD． that13． According to the latest BBC news, a five-year-old boy from England _______ the youngest computer specialist in the world ．A ． became B． becomesC． had become D． has become14 ． The glorious moment would live in my mind ________ our football team won the championship.A ． when B． where C． that D ．which15． ---Tom, why don ’t we help our son work on his papers?---We’ vealready done more than we ________ ． He is on his own this time.A ． would B． should C． could D ．might二、完形填空（共 1 小题）16.阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A 、 B、 C、 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
北京市海淀区2014届高三语文上学期期末考试试题(扫描版)北京版
海淀区高三年级第一学期期末练习语文参考答案及评分标准2014.1一、本大题共5小题，每小题3分，共15分。
1. A2. 选C得3分,选A得1分,其余不得分。
3.B 4.B 5.C二、本大题共7小题，共31分。
6. D ７.B ８.B ９.B10．苏洵苏轼 (每空1分，共2分)11.虽然/孔子尝语子贡矣/曰/赐也/汝以予为多学而识之者欤/曰/然/非欤/曰/非也/予一以贯之。
（共5分,“/”处必断。
每答对2处得1分。
答错2处扣1分，扣完5分为止）12. （12分）第一问：孔子认为不读书学习，即使有好的品德追求也会做错事，甚至做坏事。
或：不读书学习,就会不知古训(不明事理)，不辨正误，就会出现问题。
(意思对即可,3分) 第二问:略。
结合生活实际，2分。
认识与思考，4分；其中观点态度1分，分析阐释3分。
语言3分。
三、本大题共2小题，共16分。
13．= 1 \* GB3 ① B （3分）②答案要点：既拥有报国立业的雄心壮志，又饱含忧国伤时之幽情的诗人形象。
或：既有情致又有胆识、刚柔相济的诗人形象。
诗人形象包含两方面特征。
能结合具体诗句，紧扣诗人形象特征分析，第一点2分，第二点3分。
14．①狗吠深巷中鸡鸣桑树颠②位卑则足羞官盛则近谀③别时茫茫江浸月我寄愁心与明月④忧谗畏讥满目萧然⑤问苍茫大地谁主沉浮（共8分。
每空1分，有错则该空不得分。
学生如多写，选前4道小题评分。
）四、本大题共3小题，共12分。
15．C （3分）16．本题选C得3分，选 B得2分。
选A或D不得分，多选不得分。
17．参考答案：①徐悲鸿等艺术家都具有深厚的传统绘画功底，说明已充分体认了传统。
②他们在创作中融入多种技法，振兴了国画（使传统被激发活力后，留存了下来），说明原创性的作品能够重新塑造艺术传统的形态。
③这些艺术家独开新风，自成一家，说明他们的作品具有广泛的影响力，经过时间的检验，形成了新传统、新开端。
（意思对即可。
共6分，答对一点得2分)五、本大题共3小题，共16分。
北京市海淀区2015届高三上学期期末考试英语试题及答案
海淀区高三年级第一学期期末练习英语试题2015.121. My normal monthly emails to and ______ pen pals have disappeared with my tight schedule.A. inB. forC. fromD. through22. - Have you heard about the shark attack accident at the SeaWorld show?- Yea, how horrible! A trainer ______ in front of the audience.A. had been killedB. has been killedC. was killedD. is killed23. The Subway Line 16 ______ in Beijing is planned to open this year.A. being builtB. buildingC. builtD. to build24. This room isn’t actually ______ I wanted when I made my reservation.A. whatB. whereC. whichD. whether25. My boss is very generous, and he is ______ generous when we get a big order.A. veryB. mostC. onlyD. rather26. The spread of the Ebola virus in Nigeria is believed ______ by August, 2014.A. to be controlledB. to have been controlledC. to controlD. to have controlled27. We have an adviser on hand in this activity ______ you have any worries or problems.A. whenB. now thatC. thoughD. in case28. - Do I have to bring my camera tomorrow afternoon?- I think so. We ______ the Botanical Garden then.A. will be visitingB. are visitingC. have visitedD. visit29. - The zookeeper was really annoyed with me.- How could he have been if you ______ stones at the animals?A. didn’t throwB. don’t throwC. hadn’t thrownD. haven’t thrown30. Every Monday, my English teacher would cheerfully ask me ______ my weekend had been.A. thatB. ifC. whatD. how31. With doubts ______ through my mind, I felt it necessary to carry out a research.A. to runB. runC. runningD. having run32. - You seem busy these days.- Yes. I’m writing a story. You know, it’s really not easy to write ______ with attractive plots.A. thisB. oneC. itD. that33. According to the latest BBC news, a five-year-old boy from England ______ the youngest computer specialist in the world.A. becameB. becomesC. had becomeD. has become34. The glorious moment would live in my mind ______ our football team won the championship.A. whenB. whereC. thatD. which35. - Tom, why don’t we help our son work on his papers?- We’ve already done more than we ______. He is on his own this time.A. wouldB. shouldC. couldD. might完型填空He Had a GoIt was a cool spring evening in Melbourne, Australia. I drove to my boxing gym for a Friday night training session. After ______ (36) up, I started training. Then I noticed a tall and slim young man walking through the doors. There was something about him that caught my ______ (37).Before long, I realized that he might have a mental illness. Having volunteered for mental illness support groups, I really ______ (38) his problems when I looked at him.He paid for the session, put on a pair of gloves and then started hitting the punching bags. I watched him from a ______ (39) and wanted to help him to punch straighter and better. Then I felt it was best to leave that up to the trainer who was ______ (40) watching him.After a few seconds of punching the bag, he stopped and started staring at the ______ (41). The trainer went up to him and ______ (42) to help him. It was almost like he woke up from a dream. He ______ (43) eye contact with the ceiling at once.Then the bell rang and it was the end of the round. ______ (44) rounds we are required to do five pushups (俯卧撑), ______ (45) all the boys that were training that night did five pushups. He ______ (46) to complete his five pushups. The bell sounded again and the next round began. He punched the bags for a few seconds and then he ______ (47). This time he was staring at the walls which were decorated with boxing posters.It was clear to me that he could not ______ (48) for long.When I finished training, I decided to go up to him and offer him my help. I held the bag for him and asked him to punch. He ______ (49) the bag a few times and then stopped again.I smiled at him and asked, “Do you like boxing?”He replied with a very shy ______ (50) on his face, “Yes, boxing is alright.”What else could I do than ______ (51) this man and his willingness to give it a go? Most people put self-imposed (自我强加的) ______ (52) on their lives and stop themselves from having a go. I kept thinking about this man while admiring him for even turning up to a boxing gym, let alone training at what appeared to be his ______ (53).There are many lessons to learn from this man. What I ______ (54) admired about this man was that he had a go! That is what ______ (55) ordinariness from greatness.So what will you have a go at?36. A. lifting B. running C. warming D. going37. A. heart B. attention C. breath D. imagination38. A. experienced B. mentioned C. overcame D. understood39. A. distance B. box C. poster D. screen40. A. still B. even C. also D. ever41. A. bags B. walls C. ceiling D. trainer42. A. offered B. promised C. seemed D. planned43. A. made B. broke C. kept D. avoided44. A. Before B. Through C. During D. Between45. A. for B. but C. or D. so46. A. struggled B. preferred C. refused D. decided47. A. slowed B. stopped C. continued D. hesitated48. A. stand B. stay C. concentrate D. remember49. A. hit B. felt C. grasped D. watched50. A. view B. look C. sight D. scene51. A. accept B. appreciate C. motivate D. notice52. A. targets B. burdens C. limitations D. minds53. A. worst B. fullest C. greatest D. hardest54. A. really B. hardly C. merely D. nearly55. A. prevents B. protects C. transforms D. separates阅读理解 ASummer is slipping away from me. Some days, it makes me want to cry. Other days, I feel a sense of expectation within me just thinking about fall that makes me want to burst. Tonight, all five of us were in the family room doing our own things.At this moment, my littlest kid is my number one trouble and my number one joy. He has a tooth on the way and although it’s such a tiny thing, it’s causing so much grief. I’m holding him a lot and I’m not going to lie. I live for his af ternoon nap (小睡) so I’m able to actually get dressed and use the restroom.The big E is starting school soon. The other day, I found myself a bit depressed about the end of summer and the beginning of another school year. I looked out of our front window with eyes that were heavy and a bit teary. Then, I suddenly realized just how silly this end of summer depression of mine is. I can’t change time. But, I can change my emotions and my thoughts. I decided not to spend my final days of summer vacation walking around with a sad face. I decided to hug the last few days of summer and remind myself that before I know it, we will be back in our school routine and all will go well.This week we plan on meeting teachers. I’m taking my girl to have her nails done before her first day of kindergarten. We want to bake a few dozen cookies. We’ll take our evening walks as usual and stay up late. And last but not least, I’ll get school cloth ready, I’ll pack lunches and write lunch notes, we’ll read“The Kissing Hand,” l ike we normally do, and I’ll tuck (掖好被子) my third grader and kindergartener in their little beds before the big first day.Thank you summer, you’ve been warm and wonderful, you’ve been sweet and sticky, you’ve been refreshing and exactly what we need. And your sunsets have been amazing, so thank you.56. According to Paragraph 1, the author __________.A. feels excitedB. has mixed feelingsC. feels worriedD. has bad feelings57. How will the author spend the final days of the summer vacation?A. Live a simple life.B. Stay at home and relax herself.C. Treasure the vacation.D. Walk around with a depressed face.58. From the passage, we can learn that the author __________.A. is fond of reading novelsB. has two annoying childrenC. often takes evening walksD. has no time to get dressedBEver walked to the shops only to find, once there, you’ve completely forgotten what you went for? Or struggled to remember the name of an old f riend? For years we’ve accepted that a forgetful brain is as much a part of ageing as wrinkles and grey hair. But now a new book suggests that we’ve got it all wrong.According to The Secret Life of the Grown-up Brain, by science writer Barbara Strauch, when it comes to the important things, our brains actually get better with age. In fact, she argues that some studies have found that our brain hits its peak between our 40s and 60s –much later than previously thought.Furthermore, rather than losing many brain cells as we age, we retain them, and even produce new ones well into middle age. For years it’s been assumed that brain, much like the body, declines with age. But the longest, largest study into what happens to people as they age suggests otherwise.This continuing research has followed 6,000 people since 1956, testing them every seven years. It has found that on average, participants performed better on cognitive (认知的) tests in their 40s and 50s than they had done in their 20s. Specifically, order people did better on tests of vocabulary, verbal memory (how many words you can remember) and problem solving.Where they performed less well was number ability and perceptual speed – how fast you can push a button when ordered. However, with more complex tasks such as problem-solving and language, we are at our best at middle age and beyond. In short, researchers are now coming up with scientific proof that we do get wiser with age.Neuroscientists are also finding that we are happier with ageing. A recent US study found older people were much better at controlling and balancing their emotions. It is thought that when we’re younger we need to focus more on the negative aspects of life in order to learn about the possible dangers in the wo rld, but as we get older we’ve learned our lessons and are sub-consciously aware that we have less time left in life: therefore, it becomes more important for us to be happy.59. Barbara Strauch probably agrees that __________.A. the young are better at handling important thingsB. people’s brains work best between their 40s and 60sC. ageing leads to the decline of the function of the brainD. wrinkles and grey hair are the only symbols of ageing60. The continuing research has found older people perform better on __________.A. vocabulary testsB. number abilityC. perceptual speedD. body balance61. People are happier with age because __________.A. they learn to value the time leftB. they know how to share feelingsC. they cannot focus on negative aspectsD. they do not realize the possible dangers62. What is the main idea of the passage?A. People get wiser with age.B. People get more forgetful with age.C. People get happier with age.D. People get more self-aware with age.CEveryone procrastinates. We put things off because we don’t want to do them, or because we have too many other things on our plates. Putting things off – big or small –is part of being human. But procrastination does have consequences. When your procrastination leaves you feeling discouraged, it is time to take action, and one of the best ways to get rid of it is to make an un-scheduled.An un-schedule is a weekly calendar of all the ways in which your time is already accounted for. You consider not only your timed commitments such as classes and meetings, but also your untimed activities such as meals, exercise, time with friends, and the like. Once you have made your un-schedule, you may be able to see your time is often filled with more activities than you realize, for instance, that you really don’t have five hours to spend writing on the night before your paper is due. Pr ocrastinators’ views of time tend to be unrealistic, and the un-schedule can help you outline a realistic plan. By planning accordingly, you will not only get a better night’s sleep, you may also end up with a better paper.The un-schedule might also be a good way to get started on a larger project, such as a term paper or an honors paper. You may think that you have “all semester” to get the writing done, but if you really map out how much time you have available to write on a daily and weekly basis, you will see that you need to get started sooner, rather than later. In addition, the un-schedule may reveal especially busy weeks or months, which will help you budget time for long-term projects. Perhaps most importantly, the un-schedule can help you examine how you spend your time. Youmay be surprised at how much time you spend watching television, and decide to make a change. It’s especially important that you build time for fun activities into your un-schedule. Otherwise, you will procrastinate in order to steal time for relaxation.You can also use the un-schedule to record your progress towards your goal. Reward yourself for your small successes. Seeing what you’ve achieved will help you reinforce (强化) the productive behavior, and you will feel more motivated in the following process.As you explore ways to conquer procrastination, don’t expect overnight transformation. You developed the habit over a long time; you aren’t going stop ma gically. But you can change the behavior, bit by bit. If you start to make an un-schedule now, you will eventually develop new habits.63. From Paragraph 2, we can know that procrastinators __________.A. usually have sleeping problemsB. tend to be unrealistic in daily lifeC. spend more time in doing exerciseD. often fail to notice untimed activities64. Which of the following statements best reflects an un-schedule?A. “Now I have more time for fun.”B. “I can start my big project later.”C. “I’ll treat myself to a movie for my progress.”D. “I’m going to have more time to finish my paper.”65. According to the writer, people need to make an un-schedule because of their_______.A. interests in doing things differentlyB. determination to try out new thingsC. inability to manage time properlyD. lack of concentration on a project66. The author writes the passage to __________.A. show concernsB. offer suggestionsC. express dissatisfactionD. make commentsDI wish documentaries, not movies. I read history books, not fiction. I use every free moment to accomplish one of the tasks on my never-ending checklist, and I am completely filled with thoughts of productivity. An hour sleeping is an hour wasted. And like the rest of 21st century America, I like it. But this fixation on productivity is increasingly destroying character and transforming men into robots.New York Times columnist David Brooks warned American University students of this culturaldecline in a speech. “We cut off all things spiritual and emotional in a competitive urge to stand out”, he said, “The pressure to succeed professionally, to acquire skills, to do the things you need to do to succeed in an information age economy really became the overwhelming (难以应付的) pressure, and it sort of eclipses the thinking about character and morality.Many students happily go to college, viewing it as a next step on their rise to professional achievement. Forcing as many success-building activities into their schedules as they can, they enjoy keeping busy with little sleep. “Today’s outstanding kids are likely to spend their afternoons and weekends shuttling from one skill-improving activity to the next,” Brooks wrote in an article, “We fear failure more than we desire success.”A century ago, college was about character building. Today, our characters are in decline. We are experts on economics, material things and professional skills. We fail to discuss and understand relationships, emotions and all things spiritual. Philosophers Karl Popper divided the world into two categories: Clocks and Clouds. Clock problems are those that can be taken apart, examined and solved through deductive reasoning (演绎推理). Clouds cannot be taken apart. Cloud problems represent whole systems that need to be understood in a different way.“When we have a Cloud problem, we try to turn into a Clock problem,” Brooks said. And in a reason-centered culture, adding titles to one’s resume becomes a trend. A t American University, 85 percent of seniors (and 89 percent of business majors) graduate with at least one practical experience which is often helpful to a student’s future career, but can sometimes draw focus away from academics.To prevent the death of man’s character, Brooks urges rediscovering our human natures through falling in love. And by love he means love for a task, job, or another person. “Synchronicity is key to happiness,” he said. Rather than crazily increasing our long lists of accomplishments, we need to lose ourselves in what we do, and success will come on its own.67. From Paragraph 1, we can learn that people __________.A. are controlled by timeB. are keen on reading booksC. are changing their charactersD. are eager to achieve more68. In Paragraph 2, the underlined word “eclipses” means __________.A. deletesB. weakensC. worsensD. emphasizes69. The last paragraph mainly tells us that __________.A. love is more important than focusB. the focus on human natures countsC. more work contributes to happinessD. success comes from devotion to work.70. The purpose of this passage is to __________.A. bring awareness to character buildingB. stress the importance of productivityC. warn about the pressure to seek successD. criticize students’ desire for achievements七选五Weighing the OptionsMaking decisions when shopping is often a tough call. Even if you’re satis fied with the first dress you try on, would you go on looking for alternatives, comparing styles and prices, until literally dropped dead?Psychology researchers have studied how people make decisions and concluded there are two basic styles. “Maximizes” like to take their time and weigh a wide range of options, – sometimes every possible one –before choosing. “Satisficers” would rather be fast than thorough.__________ (71) So even if they see what would seem to meet their requirements, they can’t make a decision until after they’ve examined every option to make sure that they’re making the best possible choice. Researchers followed 548 job-seeking college seniors at 11 schools from October through their graduation in June. They found that the maximizers landed better jobs. __________ (72)“The maximizers is kicking himself because he can’t examine every option and at some point had to just pick something,” they say. “Maximizers make best decisions and end up feeling bad about them. __________ (73)”Satisficers also have high standards, but they are happier than maximizers. Maximizers tend to be more depressed and to report a lower satisfaction with life, his research found.Faced with so many choices in our lives, we need to learn how not to waste time and energy on our decision-making._________ (74) For instance, if you’re picking a restaurant for lunch meeting, first deciding on a certain part of town or type of cuisine can narrow your options.Once you’ve arrived at a decision, stick with it. __________ (75) To limit the number of options you can set a time for decision-making. Say you are buying a new bag, you could spend an amount of time studying features, price and value – but if you give yourself only five minutes to make a decis ion, and there are only bags you can consider, you’ll save time. You’ll be happierwith your decision, too.A. Maximizers are people who want the best.B. First of all, decrease your range of options.C. Comparing is often a must when you make a decision.D. Just accept that no decision is ever completely perfect.E. Satisficers make good decisions and end up feeling good.F. The other is to make decisions more accurately at the beginning.G. Their starting salaries were 20 percent higher but they felt worse about their jobs. WRITING 1 你的英国朋友Tom 将来你家共度除夕，你打算当天下午去地铁站接他。
北京海淀区2014届高三期末英语试题
海淀区高三年级第一学期期末练习英语2014.01本试卷共12页，共150分。
考试时长120分钟。
注意事项：1．考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
2．答题前考生务必将答题卡上的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔填写。
3．答题卡上选择题必须用2B铅笔作答，将选中项涂满涂黑，黑度以盖住框内字母为准，修改时用橡皮擦除干净。
非选择题必须用黑色字迹的签字笔按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，未在对应的答题区域内作答或超出答题区域作答的均不得分。
第一部分：听力理解（共三节，30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话你将听一遍。
1. What’s the weather like now?A. B. C.2. Where are the two speakers?A. In a hotel.B. In a bar.C. At home.3. Why does the girl hurry home?A. To join in a group discussion.B. To get something important.C. To have a quick meal.4. What is the woman going to do?A. Have a meeting.B. Get her son home.C. Go to the office.5. When does the man leave?A. Next Wednesday.B. Next Friday.C. This Sunday.第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）听下面4段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
北京市海淀区2015届高三上学期期末练习化学试卷 Word版含答案.pdf
海淀区高三年级第一学期期末练习 化 学 201．1.22 本试卷分为第卷（选择题）和第卷（非选择题）两部分，共8页。
满分100分。
考试时长90分钟。
考生务必将答案答在答题卡和答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束时，将本试卷、答题卡和答题纸一并交回。
可能用到的相对原子质量：H 1C 12 N 14 O 16 Cl 35.5 Ag 108 第I卷（选择题，共42分） 本卷共14道小题，每小题3分，共42分。
请在每小题列出的4个选项中，选出符合题目要求的1个选项。
下列与金属腐蚀有关的说法正确的是 A．钢铁在潮湿空气中生锈属于电化学腐蚀 ．电化学腐蚀一般可分为吸氧腐蚀和析氢腐蚀 ．金属腐蚀的本质是金属原子失去电子被的过程 ．铝具有很强的抗腐蚀能力，是因为其不易氧气发生反应 下列的说法，正确的是 A．光导纤维是信息社会必不可少的有机合成材料 ．棉布、羊毛和涤纶燃烧后都只生成二氧化碳和水 ．航天飞机上的陶瓷防护片属于新型无机非金属材料 ．保鲜膜、塑料水杯等用品的主要成分是聚氯乙烯 3．下列说法正确的是 A．2-甲基丙烷的一氯取代物有两种 ．和互为同系物 C．顺-2-丁烯与反-2-丁烯与氢气加成的产物不相同 D．的名称为2-甲基-3-乙基丁烷 4． A．Cr2O72- → CrO42- B．HNO3 → NO2 C． → Si D．CH3CH2OH → CH3CHO A．金属钠加入滴有酚酞的水中，溶液变红：Na + 2H2O===Na+ + 2OH- + H2↑ B．用NaOH溶液吸收氯气：Cl2 + 2OH-===Cl- + ClO-+ H2O C．NaHCO3溶液和过量Ca(OH)2溶液： 2HCO3- + Ca2+ + 2OH-↓ + 2H2O + CO32- D．将醋酸溶液滴到大理石上有气泡产生：2H+ + CaCO3===CO2↑+ Ca2+ + H2O 6． 关于0.1 mol·L-1 NaHCO3溶液，下列说法正确的是 A．溶质水解反应：HCO3- ＋H2OH3O＋＋CO32－ B．离子浓度关系：c(Na＋)＋c(H＋)=c(OH－)＋c(HCO3－)＋c(CO32－) C．微粒浓度关系：c(Na＋)>c(HCO3－) >c(H2CO3)>c(CO32－) D．微粒浓度关系：c(Na＋)=2[c(H2CO3)＋c(HCO3－)＋c(CO32－)] 7．N2(g)+3H2(g)2NH3(g) △H② D．等体积的①②两溶液分别与0.01 mol·L-1的盐酸完全中和，消耗盐酸的体积：①>② 12．工业上常用氯氧化法处理含氰（CN-）废水，一定条件下，氯气和CN-反应生成无毒气体。
北京市海淀区2014-2015学学年度高三第一学期期末考试物理试卷包含答案
海淀区高三年级第一学期期末练习 物 理 2015.11．在真空中有两个固定的点电荷，它们之间的静电力大小为F 。
现保持它们之间的距离不变，而使它们的电荷量都变为原来的2倍，则它们之间的静电力大小为A ．14 FB ．12 F C ．2 F D ．4F2．关于电场强度和磁感应强度，下列说法中正确的是 A ．电场强度的定义式E =Fq适用于任何静电场B ．电场中某点电场强度的方向与在该点的带正电的检验电荷所受电场力的方向相同C ．磁感应强度公式B=FIL 说明磁感应强度B 与放入磁场中的通电导线所受安培力F 成正比，与通电导线中的电流I 和导线长度L 的乘积成反比D ．磁感应强度公式B=FIL 说明磁感应强度的方向与放入磁场中的通电直导线所受安培力的方向相同3．在如图1所示电路中，电压表、电流表均为理想电表，电源内阻不可忽略。
开关S 闭合后，在滑动变阻器R 1的滑片P 向右端滑动的过程中A ．电压表的示数减小B ．电压表的示数增大C ．电流表的示数减小D ．电流表的示数增大 4．如图2所示为研究影响平行板电容器电容大小因素的实验装置。
设两极板的正对面积为S ，极板间的距离为d ，静电计指针偏角为θ，平行板电容器的电容为C 。
实验中极板所带电荷量可视为不变，则下列关于实验的分析正确的是A ．保持d 不变，减小S ，则C 变小，θ变大；B ．保持d 不变，减小S ，则C 变大，θ变大 C ．保持S 不变，增大d ，则C 变小，θ变大D ．保持S 不变，增大d ，则C 变大，θ变大5．如图3所示，a 、b 、c 是一条电场线上的三点，一个带正电的粒子仅在电场力的作用下沿这条电场线由a 运动到c 的过程中，其动能增加。
已知a 、b 间距离等于b 、c 间距离，用φa 、φb 、φc 分别表示a 、b 、c 三点的电势，用E a 、E b 、E c 分别表示a 、b 、c 三点的场强大小。
根据上述条件所做出的下列判断中一定正确的是A ．E a = E b = E cB ．E a ＞E b ＞E cC ．φa –φb =φb –φcD ．φa ＞φb ＞φc6．如图4甲所示，一闭合线圈固定在垂直于纸面的匀强磁场中，且线圈平面与磁场垂直。
2014年北京市海淀区高三第一学期期末英语试题和答案
海淀区高三年级第一学期期末练习英语2014.01本试卷共12页，共150分。
考试时长120分钟。
注意事项：1．考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
2．答题前考生务必将答题卡上的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔填写。
3．答题卡上选择题必须用2B铅笔作答，将选中项涂满涂黑，黑度以盖住框内字母为准，修改时用橡皮擦除干净。
非选择题必须用黑色字迹的签字笔按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，未在对应的答题区域内作答或超出答题区域作答的均不得分。
第一部分：听力理解（共三节，30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话你将听一遍。
1. What’s the weather like now?A. B. C.2. Where are the two speakers? A. In a hotel. B. In a bar. C. At home.3. Why does the girl hurry home? A. To join in a group discussion. B. To get something important. C. To have a quick meal.4. What is the woman going to do? A. Have a meeting. B. Get her son home. C. Go to the office.5. When does the man leave? A. Next Wednesday. B. Next Friday. C. This Sunday.第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）听下面4段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
2014-2015海淀区高三第一学期期末数学(理)试题(有答案)高清版
数学（理）答案及评分参考一、选择题（共8小题，每小题5分，共40分）（1）C （2）D （3）B （4）C （5）B （6）A （7）C （8）B二、填空题（共6小题，每小题5分，共30分。
有两空的小题，第一空2分，第二空3分）（9）15（10）11）3 （12）2π3（13）13；4（14）11,,A B D 三、解答题（共6小题，共80分） （15）（共13分）解：（Ⅰ）ϕ的值是π6. ………………2分0x 的值是53. (5)分（Ⅱ）由题意可得：11ππ()cos(π())cos(π)sin π3362f x x x x +=++=+=-. ………………7分所以1π()()cos(π)sin π36f x f x x x ++=+- ππcos πcos sin πsin sin π66x x x =--………………8分1πsin πsin π2x x x =--3ππsin ππ)23x x x =-=+. ………………10分 因为11[,]23x ∈-，所以ππ2ππ633x -≤+≤.所以当ππ03x +=，即13x =-时，()g x当π2ππ33x +=，即13x =时，()g x 取得最小值2-. ………………13分（16）（共13分）解：（Ⅰ）抽取的5人中男同学的人数为530350⨯=，女同学的人数为520250⨯=. ………………4分（Ⅱ）由题意可得：2323551(3)10A A P X A ===. ………………6分 因为321105a b +++=， 所以15b =. ………………8分 所以113232101105105EX =⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯=.………………10分 （Ⅲ）2212s s =. (13)分（17）（共14分） 证明：（Ⅰ）连接1BC .在正方形11ABB A 中，1AB BB .因为 平面11AA B B ⊥平面11BB C C ，平面11AA B B平面111BB C C BB =，AB平面11ABB A ，所以 AB 平面11BB C C . ………………1分 因为 1B C 平面11BB C C ，所以1ABB C . ………………2分在菱形11BB C C 中，11BC B C .因为 1BC 平面1ABC ，AB平面1ABC ，1BC AB B ，CBC 1B 1A 1A所以 1B C 平面1ABC . (4)分 因为1AC 平面1ABC ，所以 1B C ⊥1AC .………………5分（Ⅱ）EF ∥平面ABC ，理由如下： (6)分取BC 的中点G ，连接,GE GA . 因为 E 是1B C 的中点， 所以GE ∥1BB ，且GE 112BB . 因为 F 是1AA 的中点， 所以AF112AA . 在正方形11ABB A 中，1AA ∥1BB ，1AA 1BB .所以 GE ∥AF ，且GEAF .所以 四边形GEFA 为平行四边形.所以 EF ∥GA . ………………8分 因为 EF平面ABC ，GA平面ABC ，所以 EF ∥平面ABC . ………………9分（Ⅲ）在平面11BB C C 内过点B 作1Bz BB .由（Ⅰ）可知：AB平面11BB C C . 以点B 为坐标原点，分别以1,BA BB 所在的直线为,x y轴，建立如图所示的空间直角坐标系B xyz -，设(2,0,0)A ，则1(0,2,0)B . 在菱形11BB C C 中，11=60BB C ∠，所以(0,C -，1(0,1C .GFECB C 1B 1A 1A设平面1ACC 的一个法向量为(,,1)x y =n .因为10,0AC CC ⎧⋅=⎪⎨⋅=⎪⎩n n即(,,1)(2,0,(,,1)(0,2,0)0,x y x y ⎧⋅--=⎪⎨⋅=⎪⎩所以20,x y ⎧=⎪⎨⎪=⎩即=n .………………11分由（Ⅰ）可知：1CB 是平面1ABC 的一个法向量.………………12分所以1113((0,3,2cos ,CBCB CB ⋅⋅<>===⋅n n n . 所以二面角1B AC C --的余弦值为7.………………14分（18）（共13分）解：（Ⅰ）由22143x y +=得：2,a b ==. 所以椭圆M 的短轴长为………………2分 因为1c ==， 所以12c e a ==，即M 的离心率为12. ………………4分（Ⅱ）由题意知：1(2,0),(1,0)C F --，设000(,)(22)B x y x -<<，则2200143x y+=. (7)分因为10000(1,)(2,)BF BC x y x y ⋅=---⋅---2200023x x y =+++………………9分20013504x x =++>，………………11分 所以π(0,)2B ∠∈.所以点B 不在以AC 为直径的圆上，即：不存在直线l ，使得点B 在以AC 为直径的圆上. (13)分另解：由题意可设直线l 的方程为1x my =-，1122(,),(,)A x y B x y .由221,431x y x my ⎧+=⎪⎨⎪=-⎩可得：22(34)690m y my +--=. 所以122634m y y m +=+，122934y y m -=+. ………………7分 所以1122(2,)(2,)CA CB x y x y ⋅=+⋅+21212(1)()1m y y m y y =++++22296(1)13434m m m m m -=++⋅+++ 25034m -=<+. ………………9分因为cos (1,0)CA CB C CA CB⋅=∈-⋅，所以π(,π)2C ∠∈. ………………11分所以π(0,)2B ∠∈.所以点B 不在以AC 为直径的圆上，即：不存在直线l ，使得点B 在以AC 为直径的圆上.………………13分（19）（共13分）解：（Ⅰ）函数()f x 是偶函数，证明如下： ………………1分对于ππ[,]22x ∀∈-，则ππ[,]22x -∈-. ………………2分因为()cos()sin()cos sin ()f x a x x x a x x x f x -=---=+=，所以()f x 是偶函数. ………………4分 （Ⅱ）当0a >时，因为 ()cos sin 0f x a x x x =+>，ππ[,]22x ∈-恒成立， 所以集合{|()0}A x f x ==中元素的个数为0. ………………5分 当0a =时，令()sin 0f x x x ==，由ππ[,]22x ∈-， 得0x =.所以集合{|()0}A x f x ==中元素的个数为1. ………………6分 当0a <时，因为 π'()sin sin cos (1)sin cos 0,(0,)2f x a x x x x a x x x x =-++=-+>∈，所以函数()f x 是π[0,]2上的增函数. ………………8分因为ππ(0)0,()022f a f =<=>，所以()f x 在π(0,)2上只有一个零点.由()f x 是偶函数可知，集合{|()0}A x f x ==中元素的个数为 2. ………………10分综上所述，当0a >时，集合{|()0}A x f x ==中元素的个数为0；当0a =时，集合{|()0}A x f x ==中元素的个数为1；当0a <时，集合{|()0}A x f x ==中元素的个数为2.（Ⅲ）函数()f x 有3个极值点. ………………13分（20）（共14分）解：（Ⅰ）因为123224(,),(,),(,)a a a a a a T ∈，所以21(,)0T d a a =，23(,)0T d a a =，24(,)1T d a a =，故2()1T l a =.………………1分因为24(,)a a T ∈，所以42(,)0T d a a =.所以4414243()(,)(,)(,)1012T T T T l a d a a d a a d a a =++≤++=.所以当244143(,),(,),(,)a a a a a a T ∈时，4()T l a 取得最大值2. ………………3分 （Ⅱ）由(,)T d a b 的定义可知：(,)(,)1T T d a b d b a +=.所以122113311()[(,)(,)][(,)(,)]n T i T T T T i la d a a d a a d a a d a a ==+++∑1111[(,)(,)][(,)(,)]T n T n T n n T n n d a a d a a d a a d a a --+⋅⋅⋅+++⋅⋅⋅++21(1)2n C n n ==-. ………………6分设删去的两个数为(),()T k T m l a l a ，则1()()(1)2T k T m l a l a n n M +=--. 由题意可知：()1,()1T k T m l a n l a n ≤-≤-，且当其中一个不等式中等号成立，不放设()1T k l a n =-时，(,)1T k m d a a =，(,)0T m k d a a =.所以()2T m l a n ≤-. ………………7分 所以()()1223T k T m l a l a n n n +≤-+-=-. 所以1()()(1)232T k T m l a l a n n M n +=--≤-，即1(5)32M n n ≥-+. ………………8分（Ⅲ）对于满足()1T i l a n <-（1,2,3,,i n =）的每一个集合T ，集合S 中都存在三个不同的元素,,e f g ，使得(,)(,)(,)3T T T d e f d f g d g e ++=恒成立，理由如下：任取集合T ，由()1T i l a n <-（1,2,3,,i n =）可知，12(),(),,()T T T n l a l a l a ⋅⋅⋅中存在最大数，不妨记为()T l f （若最大数不唯一，任取一个）.因为()1T l f n <-，所以存在e S ∈，使得(,)0T d f e =，即(,)e f T ∈. 由()1T l f ≥可设集合{|(,)}G x S f x T =∈∈≠∅. 则G 中一定存在元素g 使得(,)1T d g e =. 否则，()()1T T l e l f ≥+，与()T l f 是最大数矛盾.所以(,)1T d f g =，(,)1T d g e =，即(,)(,)(,)3T T T d e f d f g d g e ++=. ………………14分。
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海淀区高三年级第一学期期末练习生物2015.1一、选择题（在四个选项中，只有一项最符合题目要求。
每小题1分，共20分）1. 下列物质与其参与的主要生理活动，对应有误的是（）A.抗体——与抗原特异性结合，发挥免疫功能B.RNA聚合酶——以mRNA为模板合成多肽C.转移RNA——携带某种氨基酸与核糖体结合D.胰岛素——促进组织细胞摄入葡萄糖，降低血糖2. 下列关于物质出入细胞方式的叙述，正确的是（）A.突触小泡内的递质通过载体主动转运到细胞外B.葡萄糖以协助（易化）扩散方式转运进入红细胞C.水分子由分子少向分子多处扩散的过程是渗透作用D.氨基酸主动运输进入小肠上皮细胞不消耗ATP3. 关于种子或食物储存的说法中，正确的是（）A.食品包装上的“胀袋勿食”是指微生物进行乳酸发酵产气B.晒干后的种子在贮存时不进行细胞呼吸C.可以采用低氧、零下低温和干燥的方法来保存水果D.真空包装熟牛肉抑制了微生物的有氧呼吸4. 对下列生物学实验现象形成原因的分析，不合理的是（）选项实验现象原因A色素提取液的颜色较浅加入无水乙醇的量过大B培养的菊花愈伤组织被杂菌污染接种时无菌操作不严格C尿素培养基上少数菌落周围没有红色环带这些细菌可能不以尿素作为氮源D 从洋葱细胞提取DNA，加入二苯胺，沸水浴后未显现蓝色处理洋葱细胞研磨液时为去除杂质加入了蛋白酶5. 下图为进行有性生殖生物的生活史示意图，下列说法不正确的是（）A.①过程精、卵要通过细胞膜表面蛋白进行识别B.②、③过程存在细胞的增殖、分化和凋亡C.②、③发生的基因突变有可能传递给子代D.经④产生的细胞不具有生长发育所需的全套遗传信息6. 动物细胞培养中存在“接触抑制”现象，如果清除一部分贴壁细胞，邻近细胞又迅速分裂重新填满这一区域，然后再次停止分裂。
据此作出的假设，不合理的是（）A.清除部分细胞，邻近细胞释放某种信号分子重新启动细胞周期B.细胞接触后，为动物细胞停止分裂离开细胞周期提供了信号C.细胞周期是有其内在节律性的，不受环境因素的影响D.细胞膜表面上可能存在接受邻近细胞信号的受体7. 某动物基因型为AaBb，两对基因在染色体上的位置如图所示。
若减数分裂过程中92.8%初级精母细胞不发生交叉互换，则该动物产生的重组类型配子的比例接近于（）A. 92.8%B. 96.4%C.7.2%D. 3.6%8. 某紫花植株自交，子代中紫花植株:白花植株＝9:7，下列叙述正确的是（）A.该性状遗传由两对等位基因控制B.子代紫花植株中能稳定遗传的占1/16C.子代白花植株的基因型有3种D.亲代紫花植株的测交后代紫花:白花=1:19. 噬菌体侵染细菌实验证实了DNA是遗传物质。
该实验成功是由于噬菌体（）A.侵染大肠杆菌后会裂解宿主细胞B.只有DNA进入大肠杆菌细胞中C.DNA可用15N同位素标记D.蛋白质可用32P同位素标记10. 下图1、图2表示某种生物的两种染色体行为示意图，其中①和②、③和④互为同源染色体，则两图所示的变异（）A.均为染色体结构变异B.基因的数目和排列顺序均发生改变C.均发生在同源染色体之间D.均涉及DNA链的断开和重接11. 在一个随机交配的大种群中，某对相对性状中的显性个体占19%，那么种群中该性状的杂合子的频率是（）A.1%B.18%C.9%D.81%12. Alu序列是人类基因组中具有普遍性、多样性和特异性的短重复序列，目前在人类基因组中的拷贝数超过了100万。
在人类祖先基因组中Alu序列已经插入，在人类迁移过程中也会发生随机插入，并且一旦插入即可作为一个稳定的人类遗传学标记。
Alu序列中存在限制酶AluⅠ切割位点。
据此判断不成立的是（）A.DNA的同一位点被Alu序列插入的个体可能具有共同的祖先B. AluⅠ切割不同种族人类的DNA得到的片段长度完全相同C.Alu序列可作为人类起源和进化研究中的“分子化石”D.Alu序列插入可能引起某些基因失活或表达异常13. 下列植物激素或植物生长调节剂的应用，正确的是（）A.可利用适宜浓度的赤霉素处理，打破种子的休眠B.可用适当浓度乙烯处理苹果植株大幅提高产量C.可利用一定浓度的2,4-D除去小麦田里的各种单子叶杂草D.提高细胞分裂素/生长素的比例，促进胡萝卜愈伤组织生根14. 下列选项中，不属于对种群数量特征描述的是A. 2013年底北京市常住人口性别比例为1.07:1B.近年来，北京市65岁及以上的人口比例增大C.橡树种子散布能力差，常在母株附近形成集群D.薇甘菊的入侵，导致松树种群死亡率升高15. 以下关于种群、群落和生态系统的叙述中，正确的是（）A.种群中的个体是生物进化的基本单位B.亚热带生长的常绿阔叶树组成一个种群C.群落中食物相似的物种竞争相对更加激烈D.农田生态系统退化成荒地时，营养结构复杂程度随之降低16. 右图为生态系统碳循环示意图，图中A、B、C代表生态系统成分，数字表示碳的流动。
下列叙述正确的是（）A.图中生产者、B、C、A构成了两条食物链B.①②⑥⑦为CO2形式，③④⑤为有机物形式C.③④⑤⑥⑦之和等于生产者同化的碳的总量D.经③流向B的碳全部储存于B体内的有机物中17. 下列有关基因表达载体的叙述，不正确的是（）A.具有复制原点，使目的基因能在受体细胞内扩增B.具有启动子，使DNA聚合酶识别并开始转录C.具有标记基因，有利于目的基因的检测D.具有目的基因，以实现产生特定的基因产物18.关于动物细胞培养和植物组织培养的叙述，不正确的是（）A.动物细胞培养和植物组织培养所用培养基不同B.动物细胞培养和植物组织培养过程中都要用到胰蛋白酶C.烟草叶片离体培养能产生新个体，小鼠杂交瘤细胞可离体培养增殖D.动物细胞培养可用于检测有毒物质，茎尖培养可用于植物脱除病毒19. 下列关于生态系统稳定性的叙述，不正确的是（）A.自然生态系统常常趋向稳态的方向发展B.自我调节能力是生态系统实现稳态的基础C.生态系统保持稳态不需要外界的能量输入D.生态系统营养结构越复杂自我调节能力越强20.某学生利用酵母菌酿酒过程中，经检测活菌数量适宜但却不产生酒精，此时应采取的措施是A.降低温度B.隔绝空气C.加缓冲液D.添加新鲜培养基二、选择题（在四个选项中，只有一项最符合题目要求。
每小题2分，共20分）21. 关于下图所示生物或细胞的叙述，正确的是（）A.abcd均在DNA中储存遗传信息B.abcd均能进行需（有）氧呼吸C.bd均可在叶绿体中合成有机物D.bcd均有纤维素和果胶构成的细胞壁22. 在DNA复制开始时，将大肠杆菌放在含低剂量3H标记的脱氧胸苷（3H-dT）的培养基中，3H-dT可掺入正在复制的DNA分子中，使其带有放射性标记。
几分钟后，将大肠杆菌转移到含高剂量3H-dT的培养基中培养一段时间。
收集、裂解细胞，抽取其中的DNA 进行放射性自显影检测，结果如图所示。
据图可以作出的推测是（）A.复制起始区在高放射性区域B.DNA复制为半保留复制C.DNA复制从起始点向两个方向延伸D.DNA复制方向为a→c23. 研究发现，人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）携带的RNA在宿主细胞内不能直接作为合成蛋白质的模板。
结合中心法则（下图），下列相关叙述不正确的是（）A.子代病毒蛋白质外壳的合成至少要经过④、②、③过程B.进行①、②、③过程的原料来自于宿主细胞C.通过④形成的DNA可以整合到宿主细胞的染色体DNA上D.②、③过程分别在宿主细胞核内和病毒的核糖体上进行24. 右图为有甲、乙两种遗传病的某家族系谱图，6号个体不携带乙病的致病基因。
下列有关叙述不正确的是（）A.甲病致病基因位于常染色体上B.乙病为隐性基因控制的遗传病C.Ⅲ-7携带甲病致病基因的概率为1/2。
D.Ⅱ-5与Ⅱ-6后代乙病的再发风险率为1/425. 下列过程发生在人体内环境中的是（）A.淋巴因子作用于免疫细胞B.葡萄糖分解为丙酮酸C.食物中的蛋白质被消化D.浆细胞合成抗体26.当快速牵拉骨骼肌时，会在d处记录到电位变化过程。
据右图判断，下列相关叙述错误的是（）A.感受器位于骨骼肌中B.d处位于传出神经上C.从a到d构成一个完整的反射弧D.牵拉骨骼肌时，c处可检测到神经递质27. 右图表示某生物群落中甲、乙两个种群的增长速率随时间变化的曲线，下列判断不正确的是（）A.甲、乙两种群的增长曲线均为S型曲线B.t2~t3时间段甲种群的出生率大于死亡率C.t5时种群密度对乙种群的制约作用大于t4D.甲种群数量最大的时刻为t2，乙种群为t428. 下图表示在一个生态系统中，植物光合作用积累的有机物被植食动物利用的过程。
下列有关叙述正确的是（）A.①⑤之和为输入到生态系统的全部能量B.植食动物粪便中的能量包含在⑦中C.⑤⑥⑦⑧之和为流向分解者的能量D.④占②的百分比为能量传递效率29. 生物学实验中常常遇到筛选问题，以下筛选不能够成功的是（）A.含高浓度盐的培养基培养愈伤组织筛选耐盐突变体B.利用纤维素为唯一碳源的培养基筛选纤维素分解菌C.用抗原-抗体杂交技术筛选特定的杂交瘤细胞D.用同位素示踪技术筛选融合的原生质体30. 以下过程一定存在反馈调节的是（）①甲状腺激素分泌量对垂体分泌活动的影响②运动强度对汗腺分泌的影响③降雨量对土壤动物存活率的影响④害虫数量对其天敌鸟类数量的影响A.①②B.②③C.③④D.①④三、非选择题（共60分）31.（10分）胰岛素是人体血糖调节中的重要激素，其释放受到机体的精确调控。
（1）人体内胰岛素释放通路是：餐后血糖升高，葡萄糖由细胞膜上的________蛋白转运到胰岛B细胞内，经过__________过程产生大量ATP，阻断ATP敏感型钾离子通道，进而抑制了钾离子的外流，使细胞膜内的电位___________，打开电压依赖性的Ca2+通道，升高了胞内的Ca2+浓度，促进胰岛素分子以__________的方式释放到细胞外。
（2）研究发现，高浓度葡萄糖可引起胰岛A细胞合成并分泌谷氨酸，为研究谷氨酸的作用机理，科研人员将三组数目相等的小鼠离体胰岛进行培养，培养条件及结果如图1所示（CQNX为谷氨酸受体阻断剂）。
实验结果表明，在高浓度葡萄糖条件下，____________。
由此推测，谷氨酸与胰岛B细胞表面的_________结合发挥作用。
（3）科研人员进一步用谷氨酸溶液处理正常小鼠和K+通道基因敲除小鼠的胰岛B细胞，检测细胞内Ca2+荧光强度，结果如图2所示。
①由实验结果可知，谷氨酸能够__________正常小鼠胰岛B细胞内的Ca2+浓度。
②K+通道基因敲除小鼠和正常小鼠相比，细胞内的基础Ca2+浓度显著高于正常小鼠，从胰岛素释放通路分析，是由于K+通道基因敲除小鼠的K+通道不能正常发挥作用，导致Ca2+通道_________。