自动化常用英文术语

有限自动机finite automaton工厂信息协议FIP (factory information protocol)一阶谓词逻辑first order predicate logic固定顺序机械手fixed sequence manipulator定值控制fixed set point control流量传感器flow sensor/transducer流量变送器flow transmitter涨落fluctuation柔性制造系统FMS (flexible manufacturing system)强迫振荡forced oscillation形式语言理论formal language theory形式神经元formal neuron正向通路forward path正向推理forward reasoning分形体，分维体fractal变频器frequency converter频域模型降阶法frequency domain model reduction method 频域响应frequency response全阶观测器full order observer功能分解functional decomposition功能相似functional simularity模糊逻辑fuzzy logic对策树game tree闸阀gate valve一般均衡理论general equilibrium theory广义最小二乘估计generalized least squares estimation生成函数generation function地磁力矩geomagnetic torque几何相似geometric similarity框架轮gimbaled wheel全局渐进稳定性global asymptotic stability全局最优global optimum球形阀globe valve目标协调法goal coordination method文法推断grammatical inference图搜索graphic search重力梯度力矩gravity gradient torque成组技术group technology制导系统guidance system陀螺漂移率gyro drift rate陀螺体gyrostat霍尔式位移传感器Hall displacement transducer半实物仿真hardware-in-the-loop simulation和谐偏差harmonious deviation和谐策略harmonious strategy启发式推理heuristic inference隐蔽振荡hidden oscillation层次结构图hierarchical chart递阶控制hierarchical control递阶规划hierarchical planning内稳态homeostasis同态系统homomorphic model横向分解horizontal decomposition内分泌控制hormonal control液压步进马达hydraulic step motor超循环理论hypercycle theory积分控制器I controller可辨识性identifiability智能决策支持系统IDSS (intelligent decision support system) 图像识别image recognition冲量impulse冲击函数，脉冲函数impulse function点动inching不相容原理incompatibility principle增量运动控制incremental motion control品质因数index of merit电感式位移传感器inductive force transducer归纳建模法inductive modeling method工业自动化industrial automation惯性姿态敏感器inertial attitude sensor惯性坐标系inertial coordinate system惯性轮inertial wheel推理机inference engine无穷维系统infinite dimensional system信息采集information acquisition红外线气体分析器infrared gas analyzer固有非线性inherent nonlinearity固有调节inherent regulation初始偏差initial deviation发起站initiator入轨姿势injection attitude投入产出模型input-output model不稳定性instability指令级语言instruction level language绝对误差积分准则integral of absolute value of error criterion 平方误差积分准则integral of squared error criterion积分性能准则integral performance criterion积算仪器integration instrument整体性integrity智能终端intelligent terminal互联系统，关联系统interacted system互联预估法，关联预估法interactive prediction approach互联interconnection断续工作制intermittent duty内扰internal disturbance不变嵌入原理invariant embedding principle库伦论inventory theory逆奈奎斯特图inverse Nyquist diagram[NextPage} 逆变器inverter投资决策investment decision解释结构建模法ISM (interpretive structure modeling)同构模型isomorphic model迭代协调iterative coordination喷气推进jet propulsion分批控制job-lot control关节joint卡尔曼-布西滤波器Kalman-Bucy filer知识库管理系统KBMS (knowledge base management system) 知识顺应knowledge accomodation知识获取knowledge acquisition知识同化knowledge assimilation知识表达knowledge representation梯形图ladder diagram滞后超前补偿lag-lead compensation拉格朗日对偶性Lagrange duality拉普拉斯变换Laplace transform大系统large scale system侧抑制网络lateral inhibition network最小成本投入least cost input最小二乘准则least squares criterion物位开关level switch天平动阻尼libration damping极限环limit cycle直线运动电气传动linear motion electric drive直行程阀linear motion valve线性规划linear programming线性化方法linearization technique称重传感器load cell局部渐近稳定性local asymptotic stability局部最优local optimum对数幅相图log magnitude-phase diagram长期记忆long term memory线性二次调节器问题LQR (linear quadratic regulator problem)集总参数模型lumped parameter model李雅普诺夫渐近稳定性定理Lyapunov theorem of asymptotic stability宏观经济系统macro-economic system磁卸载magnetic dumping磁致弹性称重传感器magnetoelastic weighing cell幅值裕度magnitude margin幅值比例尺magnitude scale factor幅频特性magnitude-frequency characteristic机械手manipulator人机协调man-machine coordination手动操作器manual station制造自动化协议MAP (manufacturing automation protocol)边际效益marginal effectiveness梅森增益公式Mason‘s gain formula主站master station匹配准则matching criterion最大似然估计maximum likelihood estimation最大超调量maximum overshoot极大值原理maximum principle模型库MB (model base)均方误差准则mean-square error criterion最经济控制MEC (most economic control)机理模型mechanism model元知识meta-knowledge冶金自动化metallurgical automation最小实现minimal realization最小相位系统minimum phase system最小方差估计minimum variance estimation副回路minor loop弹体-目标相对运动仿真器missile-target relative movement simulator 模态集结modal aggregation模态变换modal transformation模型置信度model confidence模型逼真度model fidelity模型参考适应控制系统model reference adaptive control system 模型验证model verification模块化modularization可动空间motion space平均故障间隔时间MTBF (mean time between failures)平均无故障时间MTTF (mean time to failures)多属性效用函数multi-attributive utility function多重判据multicriteria多级递阶结构multilevel hierarchical structure多回路控制multiloop control[NextPage} 多目标决策multi-objective decision多态逻辑multistate logic多段递阶控制multistratum hierarchical control多变量控制系统multivariable control system肌电控制myoelectric control纳什最优性Nash optimality自然语言生成natural language generation最近邻nearest-neighbor必然性侧度necessity measure负反馈negative feedback神经集合neural assembly神经网络计算机neural network computer尼科尔斯图Nichols chart思维科学noetic science非单调关联系统noncoherent system非合作博弈noncooperative game非平衡态nonequilibrium state非线性环节nonlinear element非单调逻辑nonmonotonic logic非参数训练nonparametric training不可逆电气传动nonreversible electric drive非奇异摄动nonsingular perturbation非平稳随机过程non-stationary random process核辐射物位计nuclear radiation levelmeter章动敏感器nutation sensor奈奎斯特稳定判据Nyquist stability criterion目标函数objective function可观测指数observability index可观测规范型observable canonical form在线帮助on-line assistance通断控制on-off control开环极点open loop pole运筹学模型operational research model光纤式转速表optic fiber tachometer最优轨迹optimal trajectory最优化技术optimization technique轨道陀螺罗盘orbit gyrocompass轨道摄动orbit perturbation轨道交会orbital rendezvous序参数order parameter定向控制orientation control始发站originator振荡周期oscillating period输出预估法output prediction method椭圆齿轮流量计oval wheel flowmeter总体设计overall design过阻尼overdamping交叠分解overlapping decomposition比例控制器P control帕德近似Pade approximation帕雷托最优性Pareto optimality被动姿态稳定passive attitude stabilization路径可重复性path repeatability模式基元pattern primitive主成分分析法PCA (principal component analysis)峰值时间peak time罚函数法penalty function method感知器perceptron周期工作制periodic duty计划评审技术PERT (program evaluation and review technique)摄动理论perturbation theory悲观值pessimistic value相位超前phase lead相轨迹phase locus相轨迹phase trajectory光电式转速传感器photoelectric tachometric transducer短句结构文法phrase-structure grammar物理符号系统physical symbol system压电式力传感器piezoelectric force transducer示教再现式机器人playback robot可编程序逻辑控制器PLC (programmable logic controller)反接制动plug braking旋塞阀plug valve气动执行机构pneumatic actuator点位控制point-to-point control极坐标型机器人polar robot极点配置pole assignment零极点相消pole-zero cancellation多项式输入polynomial input投资搭配理论portfolio theory位姿过调量pose overshoot电位器式位移传感器posentiometric displacement transducer 位置测量仪position measuring instrument正反馈positive feedback电力系统自动化power system automation模式识别PR (pattern recognition)谓词逻辑predicate logic电接点压力表pressure gauge with electric contact压力变送器pressure transmitter价格协调price coordination[NextPage} 主协调primal coordination主频区primary frequency zone大道原理principle of turnpike优先级priority面向过程的仿真process-oriented simulation生产预算production budget产生式规则production rule利润预测profit forecast程序设定操作器program set station比例控制proportional control比例微分控制器proportional plus derivative controller协议工程protocol engineering原型prototype伪随机序列pseudo random sequence伪速率增量控制pseudo-rate-increment control脉冲持续时间pulse duration脉冲调频控制系统pulse frequency modulation control system 脉冲调宽控制系统pulse width modulation control system下推自动机pushdown automaton脉宽调制逆变器PWM inverter质量管理QC (quality control)二次型性能指标quadratic performance index定性物理模型qualitative physical model量化噪声quantized noise准线性特性quasilinear characteristics排队论queuing theory射频敏感器radio frequency sensor斜坡函数ramp function随机扰动random disturbance随机过程random process速率积分陀螺rate integrating gyro比值操作器ratio station可达性reachability反作用轮控制reaction wheel control实时遥测real time telemetry可实现性,能实现性realizability感受野receptive field直角坐标型机器人rectangular robot整流器rectifier递推估计recursive estimation降阶观测器reduced order observer冗余信息redundant information再入控制reentry control回馈制动，再生制动regenerative braking 区域规划模型regional planning model调节装载regulating device调节regulation关系代数relational algebra继电器特性relay characteristic遥控操作器remote manipulator遥调remote regulating远程设定点调整器remote set point adjuster 交会和对接rendezvous and docking再现性reproducibility热电阻resistance thermometer sensor归结原理resolution principle资源分配resource allocation响应曲线response curve回差矩阵return difference matrix回比矩阵return ratio matrix回响reverberation可逆电气传动reversible electric drive关节型机器人revolute robot转速传感器revolution speed transducer重写规则rewriting rule刚性航天动力学rigid spacecraft dynamics风险分析risk decision机器人编程语言robot programming language[NextPage} 机器人学robotics鲁棒控制robust control鲁棒性robustness辊缝测量仪roll gap measuring instrument根轨迹root locus腰轮流量计roots flowmeter浮子流量计，转子流量计rotameter偏心旋转阀rotary eccentric plug valve角行程阀rotary motion valve旋转变压器rotating transformer劳思近似判据Routh approximation method路径问题routing problem采样控制系统sampled-data control system采样控制系统sampling control system饱和特性saturation characteristics标量李雅普诺夫函数scalar Lyapunov function平面关节型机器人SCARA (selective compliance assembly robot arm) 情景分析法scenario analysis method物景分析scene analysis自力式控制器self-operated controller自组织系统self-organizing system自繁殖系统self-reproducing system自校正控制self-tuning control语义网络semantic network半实物仿真semi-physical simulation敏感元件sensing element灵敏度分析sensitivity analysis感觉控制sensory control顺序分解sequential decomposition序贯最小二乘估计sequential least squares estimation伺服控制，随动控制servo control伺服马达servomotor过渡时间settling time六分仪sextant短期计划short term planning短时程协调short time horizon coordination信号检测和估计signal detection and estimation信号重构signal reconstruction相似性similarity仿真中断simulated interrupt仿真框图simulation block diagram仿真实验simulation experiment仿真速度simulation velocity仿真器simulator单轴转台single axle table单自由度陀螺single degree of freedom gyro单级过程single level process单值非线性single value nonlinearity奇异吸引子singular attractor奇异摄动singular perturbation汇点sink受役系统slaved system慢变子系统slow subsystem欠实时仿真slower-than-real-time simulation [NextPage} 社会控制论socio-cybernetics社会经济系统socioeconomic system软件心理学software psychology太阳帆板指向控制solar array pointing control电磁阀solenoid valve源点source比冲specific impulse调速系统speed control system自旋轴spin axis自旋体spinner稳定性判据stability criterion稳定极限stability limit镇定，稳定stabilization施塔克尔贝格决策理论Stackelberg decision theory 状态方程模型state equation model状态空间描述state space description静态特性曲线static characteristics curve定点精度station accuracy平稳随机过程stationary random process统计模式识别statistic pattern recognition统计分析statistical analysis稳态偏差steady state deviation稳态误差系数steady state error coefficient阶跃函数step function步进控制step-by-step control逐步精化stepwise refinement随机有限自动机stochastic finite automaton应变式称重传感器strain gauge load cell策略函数strategic function强耦合系统strongly coupled system主观频率subjective probability次优性suboptimality监督学习supervised training计算机监控系统supervisory computer control system自持振荡sustained oscillation旋进流量计swirlmeter切换点switching point符号处理symbolic processing突触可塑性synaptic plasticity协同学synergetics句法分析syntactic analysis系统评价system assessment[NextPage} 系统工程system engineering系统同态system homomorphism系统同构system isomorphism系统学systematologys-domain s域转速表tachometer靶式流量变送器target flow transmitter作业周期task cycle示教编程teaching programming远动学telemechanics频分遥测系统telemetering system of frequency division type 遥测telemetry目的系统teleological system目的论teleology温度传感器temperature transducer模版库template base张力计tensiometer纹理texture定理证明theorem proving治疗模型therapy model热电偶thermocouple温度计thermometer厚度计thickness meter三位控制器three state controller三轴姿态稳定three-axis attitude stabilization推力矢量控制系统thrust vector control system推力器thruster时间常数time constant时序控制器time schedule controller定常系统，非时变系统time-invariant system分时控制time-sharing control时变参数time-varying parameter自上而下测试top-down testing拓扑结构topological structure全面质量管理TQC (total quality control)跟踪误差tracking error权衡分析trade-off analysis传递函数矩阵transfer function matrix转换文法transformation grammar瞬态偏差transient deviation过渡过程transient process转移图transition diagram电远传压力表transmissible pressure gauge变送器transmitter趋势分析trend analysis三重调制遥测系统triple modulation telemetering system 涡轮流量计turbine flowmeter[NextPage} 图灵机Turing machine双时标系统two-time scale system超声物位计ultrasonic levelmeter非调速电气传动unadjustable speed electric drive无偏估计unbiased estimation欠阻尼underdamping一致渐近稳定性uniformly asymptotic stability不间断工作制，长期工作制uninterrupted duty单位圆unit circle单元测试unit testing非监督学习unsupervised learing上级问题upper level problem城市规划urban planning效用函数utility function价值工程value engineering可变增益，可变放大系数variable gain变结构控制variable structure control system向量李雅普诺夫函数vector Lyapunov function速度误差系数velocity error coefficient速度传感器velocity transducer纵向分解vertical decomposition振弦式力传感器vibrating wire force transducer振动计vibrometer粘性阻尼viscous damping电压源型逆变器voltage source inverter旋进流量计vortex precession flowmeter涡街流量计vortex shedding flowmeter方法库WB (way base)称重传感器weighing cell权因子weighting factor加权法weighting method惠特克-香农采样定理Whittaker-Shannon sampling theorem 维纳滤波Wiener filtering计算机辅助设计工作站work station for computer aided design w-plane w平面零和对策模型 zero sum game model零基预算 zero-based budget零输入响应 zero-input response零状态响应 zero-state responsez变换 z-transform。