32_Cultural Differences Between Countries The Brazilian and the
跨文化交际试题答案(附翻译)
跨文化交际试题答案(附翻译)一、选择题1. 以下哪项不是跨文化交际的核心要素？A. 语言差异B. 文化差异C. 沟通技巧D. 民族风俗答案：D翻译：Which of the following is not a core element of intercultural communication?A. Linguistic differencesB. Cultural differencesC. Communication skillsD. Folk customs2. 跨文化交际中，以下哪项行为可能导致误解？A. 打招呼B. 鞠躬C. 直接拒绝D. 礼貌地表达意见翻译：In intercultural communication, which behavior may lead to misunderstandings?A. GreetingB. BowingC. Direct refusalD. Politely expressing opinions二、填空题1. 跨文化交际中的文化差异主要体现在____、____、____等方面。
答案：价值观、行为规范、语言使用翻译：The cultural differences in intercultural communication are mainly reflected in values, behavioral norms, and language use.2. 跨文化交际能力包括____、____、____等方面。
答案：知识、技能、态度翻译：Intercultural communication competence includes knowledge, skills, and attitudes.三、简答题1. 简述跨文化交际的重要性。
跨文化交际在全球化背景下具有重要意义。
以下是跨文化交际的重要性：（1）促进国际交流与合作：跨文化交际有助于不同国家和地区的人们相互了解，增进友谊，促进国际合作。
初三文化差异与跨文化交流英语阅读理解25题
初三文化差异与跨文化交流英语阅读理解25题1<背景文章>Cultural differences between the East and the West are vividly reflected in festivals. Let's take some of the most representative festivals as examples.In China, the Spring Festival is the most important traditional festival. It has a long history, which can be traced back to ancient times when people offered sacrifices to gods and ancestors to pray for a good harvest and safety in the coming year. During the Spring Festival, families get together. People clean their houses thoroughly before the festival, which symbolizes sweeping away bad luck. They also paste Spring Festival couplets on their doors, and these couplets are often filled with auspicious words. On New Year's Eve, the whole family will have a big dinner together, and dumplings are an essential food. Fireworks are set off to add to the festive atmosphere. The Spring Festival reflects the Chinese people's values of family reunion and respect for traditions.In the West, Christmas is one of the most important festivals. It originated from the celebration of the birth of Jesus Christ in Christian culture. Christmas is a time for family gathering as well. People decorate their Christmas trees with all kinds of ornaments, such as colorful lights,balls, and tinsel. Santa Claus is an important symbol of Christmas. Children believe that Santa Claus will come down the chimney on Christmas Eve and bring them presents. Christmas dinners usually include roast turkey, mashed potatoes, and cranberry sauce. This festival emphasizes the importance of giving, sharing, and the spirit of love.Another important Chinese festival is the Mid - Autumn Festival. It is related to the legend of Chang'e flying to the moon. People celebrate this festival to admire the full moon and express their longing for family members far away. On this day, families will sit together and eat mooncakes, which come in various flavors such as lotus seed paste, red bean paste, and five - kernel.In contrast, Halloween in the West is a unique festival. It has roots in ancient Celtic festivals. On Halloween, children dress up in various costumes, such as ghosts, witches, and superheroes, and go door - door asking for candies. People also decorate their houses with pumpkins carved into Jack - o - lanterns. It shows a sense of mystery and a little bit of spookiness.These different festivals, with their own origins, celebration methods, traditional customs, and underlying values, are important parts of the cultural heritage of the East and the West, and also provide a good opportunity for cross - cultural communication.1. What is the origin of the Spring Festival in China?A. It originated from the celebration of the harvest.B. It was to commemorate a great hero.C. It can be traced back to ancient sacrifices to gods and ancestors for a good harvest and safety.D. It was created to promote family reunion.答案：C。
巴西简介英汉对照
巴西简介英汉对照The Federal Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: República Federativa do Brasil), known as "Brazil", is the largest country in South America and enjoys the reputation of "football kingdom". The total land area of 8.5474 million square kilometers, ranking fifth in the world. The total population of 202 million. And bordering the ten countries of Uruguay, Argentina, Paraguay, Bolivia, Peru, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname and French Guiana.Brazil is divided into 26 states and one federal zone (Brasilia Federal District), the state under the city. The history of Brazil was the Portuguese colonies, September 7, 1822 declared independence. The official language of Brazil is Portuguese. The name comes from Brazilian mahogany.Brazil has a wealth of natural resources and a complete industrial base, gross domestic product ranked first in South America, the world's seventh largest economy. Is one of the BRIC countries and a member of the Alliance of South American countries. Is one of the founding members of the Rio Group, the Common Market of the South, the G-20 Member States and the observer for theNon-Aligned Movement. One of the fastest growing countries in the world, isone of the important developing countries, aviation manufacturing power.Brazilian culture has the characteristics of multiple nationalities,Brazil as a national melting furnace, from Europe, Africa, Asia and other regions of the immigrants. Football is the mainstream of Brazilian culturallife movement, is the 2021 World Cup host country.On March 29, 2021, the Brazilian Democratic Movement Party decided tobreak with the ruling Labor Party at the party leaders' meeting that the party would give up all the positions in the Roosev government.2021 local time on May 12, after 21 hours of voting before the speech, the Brazilian Senate on the morning of May 12 to vote against PresidentRoosevelt's impeachment case, Rosoff will be forced to leave the longest 180 days, Vice President Tommel served as acting president, August 31 to becomethe official presidentAncient Brazil is the Indian residence.On April 22, 1500, the Portuguese navigator Pedro Cabral arrived in Brazil. He named the land "Holy Cross" and declared it to all of Portugal. Since the plundering of the Portuguese colonists began from the cutting of the Brazilianmahogany, the word "red wood" (Brasil) gradually replaced the "Holy Cross", became the name of Brazil, and has been in use, the text translated as "Brazil".In the 1630s, the Portuguese faction set up a colony in Pakistan.Appointed governor in 1549 Then the entire colony under the rule of Portugal, along the Atlantic coast into one. 1555 French invasion, occupied theequivalent of today's Rio de Janeiro, intends to set up a French colony in South America stronghold. However, since the French were unable to attract the colonists from Europe, they were finally expelled from Rio in 1565. Two years later, the Portuguese created the city of Rio. The Portuguese rule on the Brazilian colonies did not face the challenge again until 1630.1807 Napoleon invasion of Portugal, Portugal royal family moved to Brazil. 1820 Portuguese royal family moved back to Lisbon, the prince Pedro Lebaserved as regent. September 7, 1822 declared completely divorced from the Portuguese independence, the establishment of the Brazilian empire. Then crowned the emperor, said Pedro I. Brazil promulgated the Constitution in 1824. In 1825, Portugal recognized Brazilian independence.During the Empire (1822 ~ 1889) After the establishment of the Brazilian Empire, the system of the Bragança dynasty and the Portuguese aristocracy were intact, the big manor system and slavery still existed, and Brazil was economically and politically attached to the United Kingdom. Pedro I enforced the dictatorship, forced dissolution of Parliament in 1823, and then withforce to suppress the northeastern state of Pernambuco and other provinces of the Republican uprising.November 15, 1889 General Fonseca launched a coup, overthrow the monarchy, the establishment of the United States of Brazil. The new government, based on the "order and progress" slogan, and on the basis of the presidential systemto strengthen the modernization of Brazil, in addition to the production ofthe world's three quarters of the production of coffee, the economy also created a success. Later in the 1930s world economic panic, the "coffee economy" suffered a painful blow, followed by coups, dictatorship and constitutional monarchy and other institutions make politics into a chaos.In 1964 the Pakistani military coup came to power, in 1967 changed its name to the Brazilian Federal Republic. March 1985 the military government to the people. On November 15, 1989, Pakistan held the first direct elections in the last 30 years, and Fernando Color was elected president. On December 29,1992, President Kolor was resigned for alleged bribery, and Vice President Imamar Franco took over as president. On 3 October 1994, Fernando Enrique Cardoso won the national general election and became the 38th president of Brazil on 1 January 1995. On October 4, 1998, Cardoso was re-elected. On 1 January 1999, Cardozo was appointed President 39 of Pakistan for a term of office until 31 December 2002.In October 2002, the Labor Party led the left wing party candidate Lula won the election, becoming the first direct election in the history of Pakistan's left-wing president. In October 2021, Lula defeated the Social Democratic candidate Alkmin, was re-elected. October 2021 Dilma Rousseff won the election as a Labor Party candidate. May 12, 2021, the Brazilian parliamentary assembly by the President for the case of President Roosevelt impeachment, Rosoff will be forced to leave for up to 180 days, during which the presidency by Brazilian Vice President Michelle Tommel agent.Brazilian Senate on August 31 final vote through the presidential impeachment case, Rousseff was dismissed from the presidency, on behalf of President Timel officially became president.On 28 October 2021, Brazil was elected a member of the United Nations Human Rights Council for a term of office from 2021 to 2021.感谢您的阅读，祝您生活愉快。
上周五参加了关于各国音乐的讲座英语作文
上周五参加了关于各国音乐的讲座英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Last Friday, I had the pleasure of attending a lecture about music from different countries. The event took place at the local cultural center, and it was truly an enlightening experience.The lecture was conducted by a renowned musicologist who had a great passion for world music. He started off by introducing the concept of ethnomusicology, which is the study of music from different cultures. He explained how music is a universal language that transcends boundaries and connects people from all walks of life.We then delved into the fascinating world of music from various countries, starting with the melodic sounds of traditional Chinese music. The musicologist played us some beautiful Chinese instruments such as the guzheng and erhu, and explained how these instruments have evolved over the centuries.Next, we explored the lively rhythms of African music, with its complex drum patterns and vibrant vocal harmonies. Welistened to traditional African songs and learned about the significance of music in African culture.The lecture also covered the haunting melodies of Middle Eastern music, the passionate flamenco music of Spain, and the toe-tapping beats of Brazilian samba. Each country's music had its own unique characteristics and cultural influences, but they all shared a common thread of expressing emotions and telling stories.I was particularly intrigued by the similarities and differences between the music of different countries. Despite coming from diverse cultural backgrounds, the music we listened to had a way of resonating with each one of us in a deeply personal way.Overall, the lecture was a truly eye-opening experience that broadened my understanding of music and its significance in different cultures. I left feeling inspired and eager to explore more music from around the world. I will definitely be attending more lectures on world music in the future.篇2Last Friday, I had the opportunity to attend a lecture on music from different countries. The lecture was organized by the school's music department and was open to students from allmajors. As someone who has always been interested in music from around the world, I was thrilled to be able to learn more about the various musical traditions and styles that exist in different cultures.The lecture was presented by Professor Smith, a renowned ethnomusicologist who has conducted extensive research on traditional music from various regions. He began by discussing the importance of music in different societies and how it serves as a form of cultural expression. He then went on to talk about the different elements that make up music, such as rhythm, melody, harmony, and timbre, and how these elements vary from culture to culture.One of the most fascinating parts of the lecture was when Professor Smith played samples of music from different countries. We listened to the rhythmic beats of African drumming, the haunting melodies of Indian ragas, and the intricate harmonies of traditional Chinese music. It was incredible to hear how each culture has its own unique sound and musical language.As the lecture went on, Professor Smith delved deeper into the history and significance of each musical tradition. He explained how certain instruments are used in specificceremonies or rituals, and how music is passed down from generation to generation. I was particularly fascinated by the stories behind the songs and the cultural beliefs and practices that were intertwined with the music.By the end of the lecture, I felt like I had been on a musical journey around the world. I had gained a newfound appreciation for the diversity and richness of musical traditions from different countries. The lecture had opened my eyes to the beauty and power of music as a universal language that can transcend cultural barriers.Overall, attending the lecture on music from different countries was a truly enriching experience. It has inspired me to explore more music from around the world and to continue learning about different cultures through their musical traditions.I am grateful to have had the opportunity to gain a deeper understanding of the global tapestry of music and how it reflects the diversity of human experience.篇3Last Friday, I had the opportunity to attend a lecture on music from different countries. The lecture was hosted by a renowned ethnomusicologist who had traveled extensively tostudy the music and culture of various countries. The lecture was held at a local university auditorium and was open to the public.The lecture began with an introduction to the various types of music that exist around the world, including classical, folk, traditional, and contemporary music. The ethnomusicologist explained how the music of a particular country is often influenced by its history, culture, and geographical location. For example, the lively and rhythmic music of Brazil reflects the country's vibrant and colorful culture, while the haunting melodies of traditional Chinese music are a reflection of China's rich and ancient history.As the lecture continued, the ethnomusicologist played recordings of music from different countries, allowing the audience to hear the unique sounds and styles of each culture. We listened to the soulful and emotional music of Spain, the energetic and rhythmic beats of Africa, and the soothing and tranquil melodies of Japan. It was truly fascinating to hear the diverse range of music that exists around the world and to learn about the cultural significance of each style.One of the highlights of the lecture was when the ethnomusicologist invited a guest musician from India to perform live on stage. The musician played a traditional Indianinstrument called the sitar, producing mesmerizing and enchanting melodies that captivated the audience. It was a truly magical experience to witness the beauty and complexity of Indian music firsthand.Overall, the lecture on music from different countries was a captivating and enlightening experience. It opened my eyes to the rich and diverse world of music that exists beyond my own cultural background. I left the auditorium feeling inspired and eager to explore more of the world's musical traditions. I am grateful for the opportunity to have attended such an informative and engaging lecture, and I look forward to expanding my knowledge and appreciation of music from around the globe.。
M6U3 cultural differences (修改)
Skimming and scanning:
1)How many people are involved in the text? Three.
2) Who are they? And which countries do they come from?
How many people are involved in the discussion? Who are they? Which countries do they come from?
Introduction to Bonfire Night
Celebrated on Nov. 5, Bonfire Night has been part of British history since 1605, when Fawkes was found trying to blow up parliament(炸掉国会) with barrels (桶) of gunpowder(火药). Now it is a tradition for Britons to make a fake “Guy” every year from old clothes and burn it on the fire. Besides, people light huge bonfires and set off magnificent(壮丽的) fireworks. The fireworks are a reminder of the gunpowder Guy Fawkes hid in the cellar(地下室) of parliament.
Example 3&4: gesture and taking off shoes
(L35--40)
风雨同舟,共创更美好的世界 英语作文
风雨同舟共创美好世界英语作文1In today's world, we are facing a whole bunch of global challenges. You know, like climate change and the spread of diseases. These problems are so huge that no single country can handle them all by itself.Take the COVID - 19 pandemic for example. Oh my god, it was such a tough time all over the world. But during that time, we saw some really heart - warming things. Medical teams from different countries started to share their experiences in fighting the virus. They were like, "Hey, we've found this method useful in treating patients, you can try it too." And not only that, they also shared medical supplies. One country might send masks, ventilators or other important stuff to another country that was in great need. It was like everyone was in the same boat, trying to get through this difficult time together.Another thing is about climate change. All the countries in the world have realized that this is a serious problem that affects every single one of us. So, they got together and signed agreements to deal with it. They promised to cut down on carbon emissions, protect forests and promote the use of clean energy.All in all, in the face of these global challenges, unity is the key. Only when we work together, can we overcome these difficulties and create a better world. We should always remember that we are all in this together, just like we were during the pandemic and in the fight against climate change.中文翻译:在当今世界，我们正面临着一大堆全球性挑战。
culture-difference教学内容
The base of the European cultures
When the two mother rivers gave birth to the eastern culture, another famous culture was brought up on the Mesopotamian Plain ---- the Mesopotamian Civilization.
culture-difference
Introduction
Between China and other foreign countries, there is much difference in culture. So we have different style in life.
However, owing to the development of technology and science, mass media has made the world culturally the same.
The synchronous satellite help people watch the same performance meanwhile in different corner of the world.
The internet has also made the information internationally, helping people keep up with the world.
The base of the European cultures
This civilization later on developed into the cultures of the Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. And these two are well-known as the base of the European cultures.
跨文化交际UNIT-7
Reading I
Read the article “The Heartbeat of Culture” (p229232).
1. What does the author want to tell us from his experience in Brazil and the questionnaire between students in Niteroi and those in Fresno?
➢ Monochronic and Polychronic Time (p256-257) 1. What is M-Time and P-Time? Which do you think is
the dominating time system in our culture?
▪ Monochronic time means paying attention to and doing only one thing at a time – events scheduled as separate items.
第十页，编辑于星期三：十五点 五十三分。
Reading I
Read the article “The Heartbeat of Culture” (p229-232).
2. There aren’t unanimous perceptions of time among culturally different people. Even within one country, ideas of time and punctuality vary considerably from place to place. Different regions and even cities have their own distinct rhythms and rules.
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Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Innovation & Management ·1986·
Cultural Differences Between Countries: The Brazilian and the Chinese Ways of Doing Business
Erika Zoeller Véras1, Daniel Bicudo Véras2 1 School of Management, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China, 430070 2 Hubei University, Wuhan, P.R. China, 430062 (E-mail: erikazoeller@gmail.com, daniar73@gmail.com)
Abstract Each country has its own cultural backgrounds and standards of thinking, being and acting, and these cultural differences strongly influence the business world. The purpose of this paper is to present some cultural differences between countries highlighting the Brazilian and Chinese examples. Many are the cultural aspects within a society; therefore this paper will emphasize how these aspects can have an impact in business in both cultures, having as a background the basic cultural points of each country. Brazil and China will be analyzed through the Hofstede (2001) dimensions which measure cultural differences. This paper gives a short overview to provide an understanding on how cultural similarities and cultural differences are important when doing business in the mentioned countries. The authors propose that the more acquainted one is with a culture, the more successful his/ her business will become. In addition, it is necessary to evaluate which cultural issues have an impact when it comes to business. Key words Cultural Differences; Business; Brazil and China.
1 Introduction This paper aims to discuss the importance of culture in globalized business, taking into consideration Brazil and China. Many are the cultural aspects within Chinese and Brazilian cultures. Nevertheless, for the purpose of this paper, how culture can impact on doing business will be taken into account. The first part briefly introduces aspects about international businesses and culture. Then, there will be a topic to discuss the cultural aspects when doing business in Brazil, and another on doing business in China. Brazil and China will be analyzed through the Hofstede (2001) dimensions, which measure cultural differences. More details about these dimensions on topic five. Finally, the conclusion points out the important role that culture plays within international business. Reeves and Baden (2000:4) define culture as the distinctive patterns of ideas, beliefs, and norms which characterize the way of life and relations of a society or group within a society. This set of beliefs shared by a group is frequently assumed to be natural and unchangeable. Culture also consists of the sum of the total learned behaviors transmitted from generation to generation, generally considered to be the tradition of that people: explicit and implicit patterns acquired and transmitted by symbols, constituting the distinctive achievement of human groups. The essential core of culture consists of traditional ideas and their attached values. They not only may be considered as products of action, but also as conditioning influences upon further action. Different cultural groups think, feel, and act differently, and there is no scientific standard for considering one group as intrinsically superior or inferior to another. Therefore, a position of cultural relativism is presupposed in the study of cultures. Judgment and action should be preceded by information about the nature of cultural differences between societies, their roots, and consequences. When the parties understand the reasons for the differences in viewpoints, the negotiation is more likely to succeed. When it comes to international business and culture, contact between societies may affect cultures, and produce or inhibit social changes in cultural practices. Understanding cultural differences is essential in the modern society. How people from many cultural backgrounds communicate, in similar and different ways, internally and externally, is the object of study of cross-cultural communication. Understanding cultural differences will help ensure that communication across borders is effective and that business transactions are successful.
2 Cultural Aspects of Doing Business in Brazil Brazil is characterized by a diverse culture and geography, and historically it has been the source of important natural resources in its 510 years of history. It is the largest country in South America in both population (approximately 190 million) and area (8, 5 million square kilometers), and its culture is a fusion of Portuguese, African and indigenous influences, resulting in a rich and distinct culture. One